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A2Z About China A2Z about China CA HEMANT C. LODHA www.a2z4all.com Agriculture & Irrigation • 1st world wide in farm output • Largest producer of Rice. Also produces Wheat, Potatos, Sorghum, Peanuts, Tea, Millet, Barley, Cotton, Oil seed, Pork, Tobacco and fish. • China accounts for 1/3rd of total fish production of world. • 15% of total area is cultivated • 13% GDP is from agriculture • 76.17% population is engaged in agriculture • Total Irrigated area 53.8 ha • Dujiangyan irrigation infrastructure built in 256 BC by the Kingdom of Qin, located in Min River in Sichun. It is still in use today to irrigate over 5,300 square kilometers of land in the he Dujiangyan along with the Zhengguo Canal in Shaanixi Privince & Lingqu Canal in Guangxi Province are known as “The three greatest hydraulic engineering projects of the Qin Dynasty • Turpan water system called as karez water system located in the Turpan Depression, Xinjiang, China is also as one of the 3 greatest water projects • China is believed to have more than 80000 Dams • The Three Gorges Dam is the world's larges power station in terms of installed capacity of 21000 MW CA HEMANT C. LODHA www.a2z4all.com 2 Budget, Taxation & GDP • GDP US$ 9.872 Trillion • Individual Income tax highest slab 45% • Corporate Income Tax highest slab 25% • Yearly 9.79 trillion yuan • Major 8 type of taxes categorised as Income tax, Resource Tax, Special purpose tax, custom duty, property tax, Behaviour tax, Agriculture tax, Turnover tax . CA HEMANT C. LODHA www.a2z4all.com 3 Capital & Major Cities • Capital – Beijing • Major cities – Shanghai, Tianjin, Hong Kong, Chongqing, Wuhan, Harbin, Shengyang, Guangzhou, Chengdu, Xian, Changchun, Dalian. CA HEMANT C. LODHA www.a2z4all.com 4 Defence • Army – 1.9 million • Navy – 250,000 • Air – 470,000 • Nuclear Capabilities • Defense budget US$ 106.4 Billion CA HEMANT C. LODHA www.a2z4all.com 5 Economy & Currency • CNY – Chinese Yuan • Second largest in GDP • 2nd largest in purchasing power parity • 1st largest exporter • 2nd largest importer CA HEMANT C. LODHA www.a2z4all.com 6 Flag • Flag of China is a red field charged in the canton with five golden stars. • The red represents revolution; the five stars and their relationship represent the unity of the Chinese people under the leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC). CA HEMANT C. LODHA www.a2z4all.com 7 Geographical Location • Located in Southeast Asia along the coastline of the Pacific Ocean. • It reaches Mohe in Heilongjiang Province as its northern end, Zengmu Ansha (or James Shoal) to the south, Pamirs to the west, and expands to the eastern border at the conjunction of the Heilongjiang (Amur) River and the Wusuli (Ussuri) River, spanning about 50o degrees of latitude and 62o degrees of longitude. • 3rd largest country with total land area 9,612,945 Km2 • Time Zone – China Standard Time is 8 hrs. ahead of Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) CA HEMANT C. LODHA www.a2z4all.com 8 Holidays & Festivals • Popular festivals in China ¾ Independence Day (National Day -1st October) ¾ Chinese Lunar New year (1st January) ¾ Lantern festival ¾ Dragon Boat ¾ Ghost Festival ¾ Mid Autumn Festival ¾ Labour Day ¾ Ching Ming Festival CA HEMANT C. LODHA www.a2z4all.com 9 Infrastructure • Roads - second largest road network in the world. Total lenghts of roads 4008200 kms • Railways – 3rd largest & busiest network in the world. Track length 91000 kms. • Telecom – 1st Largest mobile Network Operator. Total No. of subscribers 649.56 million • Main line phones 368,000,000 • Aviation – Total Airports 147 • Ports – Total ports 50 CA HEMANT C. LODHA www.a2z4all.com 10 Judiciary System Supreme People’s Court Higher Peoples’ Court Special Peoples’ Court Intermediate People’s Court People’s Military Court Maritime Court The judiciary system refers to the nature, Railway Transportation Court Grassroot People’s Court mission, organizational setup, principles and procedures of judicial organs and other judicial organizations. This system comprises sub- systems for investigation, prosecution, trial procedures, jails, judicial administration, People’s Tribunal arbitration, lawyers, public notaries and state compensation CA HEMANT C. LODHA www.a2z4all.com 11 King & Team Prime Minister – Wen Jiabao President – Hu Jintao Finance Minister – Xie Xuren Foreign Minister – Yang Giechi Defence Minister – Liang Guanglie CA HEMANT C. LODHA www.a2z4all.com 12 Language • Main foreign language – English • China has 292 different languages. Some of them official languages are : Standard Chinese[mainland] & [Taiwan], Cantonese (Hong Kong & Macau), English (Hong Kong), Portuguese (Macau), Uyghur (Xinjiang), Tibetan (Tibet), Mongolian(inner Mongolia) CA HEMANT C. LODHA www.a2z4all.com 13 Manufacturing • China ranks 2nd worldwide in industrial output • Major industries include mining and ore processing; iron & steel; aluminium, coal, machinery, armaments, textiles & apparel; petroleum, cement, chemical, fertilizers, food processing, automobiles and other transportation equipment including rail cars & locomotives, ships, and aircraft; footwear, toys, electronics, telecommunications and information technology. • 1st largest producer of coal • 2nd largest producer of wind energy • 3rd largest producer of ethanol. CA HEMANT C. LODHA www.a2z4all.com 14 Natural Resources • world’s largest producer of antimony, natural graphite, tungsten, and zinc. coal, iron ore, petroleum, natural gas, mercury, tin, tungsten, manganese, molybdenum, vanadium, magnetite, aluminum, lead, rare earth elements, uranium, hydropower potential. • China has 50000 rivers. • Forests - China has a great variety of forest types. In the northern cold temperate zone, the forest is composed of coniferous trees, followed by a mixed forest of deciduous and broad-leaved trees in the temperate zone. The warm temperate zone is dominated by a deciduous broad-leaved forest, evergreen broad-leaved forest in the subtropical zone and finally rain forest and monsoon in the tropical zone. China is 7th laregest market for southern yellow pine exports. • Natural Forest Area 115.8 million hectares. • Plantation Forest Area 53.3 million hectares. CA HEMANT C. LODHA www.a2z4all.com 15 Organizational Structure In brief, People's Republic of China Organisational Structure consists of – • General Office of the State Council • Ministries & Commissions under State Council • Special Organisation directly under the State Council • Organisations directly under the State Council • Administrative Offices under the State Council • Institutions directly under the State Council • State Administrations & Bureaus under the Ministries & Commissions For more detail : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_Council_of_the_People%27s_Republ ic_of_China. CA HEMANT C. LODHA www.a2z4all.com 16 Population • Population – 1347.35 million (2011). World largest country in population (1st rank, % of world population 19.22%) • Literacy – 95.924% • Below poverty line – 2.8% • 51.27% of the population is male, and 48.73% is female, giving a male to female ratio of 105.20 men for every 100 women. • Population in Rural – 50.32% • Population in Urban – 49.68% CA HEMANT C. LODHA www.a2z4all.com 17 Quarrel & War • 1962 China – India War • 1839 First Opium War • 1856 Second Opium War • For more detail : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_Chinese_history CA HEMANT C. LODHA www.a2z4all.com 18 Religion Religion wise Population (2001) : Shenish -Taoism 30% Buddhism 18-20% Non-Han ethnicities 10% Christian 3 – 4 % Muslim 1.2% Hindu 0.01% CA HEMANT C. LODHA www.a2z4all.com 19 Sports World Field Date Rank Chinese Nobel Laureates World Weightlifting Championships Gao Literature 2000 (women), 314 gold medals, 1 2007 Xingiian 423 total medals DanialC Physics 1998 Summer Olympics (1st time in Tsui Olympics history China won 100 1 2008 Edmond Physiology 1992 medals out of which 51 medals are H Fischer or Medicine Gold Medals) Women's badminton Uber cup, 11 Chen Physics 1957 1 2009 wins Ning Yang World Badminton Championships 1 2009 43 gold medals won Tsung Physics 1957 Dao Lee World Amateur Go Championship, 1 2009 18 wins World Table Tennis Championships, 1 2009 35 team wins CA HEMANT C. LODHA www.a2z4all.com 20 Tourism • China is the third most visited country in the world. The number of overseas tourists was 55.98 million in 2010. Foreign exchange income was 45.8 billion U.S dollars, the world's fourth largest. Sites of Tourist Attraction : • Great Wall of China • The Bund, Caohai Lake, Changbai Mountains, Confucius Mansion, Dazu Rock Carvings, Forbidden City Beijing, Grand Canal, Hanging Temple, Jiuzhaigou Valley, Hongkong, Lijiang river, Mogao Caves, Summer Palace, Place of Heaven, West Lake, Yellow River, Leshan Giant Buddha etc. CA HEMANT C. LODHA www.a2z4all.com 21 Unemployment • Unemployment 4.1% (2011). CA HEMANT C. LODHA www.a2z4all.com 22 Visa & Immigration http://www.visaforchina.in/visaen/visaView.html?method=index CA HEMANT C. LODHA www.a2z4all.com 23 Weather • China's climate is mainly dominated by dry season and wet monsoon leading to temperature differences between winter and summer. The climate in China differs from region to region because of the country's extensive and complex topography. China has a variety of temperature and rainfall zones, including continental monsoon areas. In winter most areas become cold and dry, in summer hot & rainy. There are 5 temperature zones - Cold-Temperate Zone, Mid-Temperate Zone, Warm-Temperate Zone, Subtropical Zone, Tropical Zone • Temperatures ever recorded :- Highest Lowest Temperature of few cities Temperature
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