Gertrude Evelyn Moulton, MD: Her Life and Professional Career in Health
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This dissertation has been 63-4710 microfilmed exactly as received TREK ELL, Marianna, 1926- GERTRUDE EVELYN MOULTON, M.D.: HER LIFE AND PROFESSIONAL CAREER IN HEALTH AND PHYSICAL EDUCATION. The Ohio State University, Ph.D., 1962 Education, physical University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan GERTRUDE EVELYN MOULTON, M.D.: HER LIFE AND PROFESSIONAL CAREER IN HEALTH AND PHYSICAL EDUCATION DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Marianna Trekell, B.A., M.A. ***** The Ohio State University 1962 Approved by Adviser Department of Physical Education AC KNOWLEDGMENTS The writer wishes to express deep appreciation to: Dr* Bruce Bennett, The Ohio State University, for his understanding and guidance in the preparation and writing of this study. Dr. Delbert Oberteuffer, The Ohio State University, for his guidance and encouragement throughout the Ph.D. program. My Family for their constant love and understanding. Dr. Gertrude Moulton for her permission to write her Biography, and her kindness and assistance throughout the preparation of this study, and for the inspiration which I received from the study of her life. ii CONTENTS Page PREFACE................................................. viii PLATES ............................................... V INTRODUCTION ......................................... 1 Chapter I. UNDER OHIO'S SKIES .......................... 8 II. DEBUT OF A PHYSICAL EDUCATOR ............ 22 III. TEACHING IN CI£VEIAND, OHIO ................ 47 IV. MISS MOULTON AT THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS . 54 V. A IfGEND AT OBERLIN COLLEGE ................ 76 Physical Education Major Program ...... 82 Physical Education for all Women Students • . 86 Administrative Affairs .................... 88 Dr. Moulton's Philosophy of Physical Education 98 Chairman and Teacher .................. 110 Physical Education and Recreational Facilities for Women Students ............ ..... 128 Dr. Moulton's Interest in Her Students . 155 Extra-curricular Program .................. 160 Dr. Moulton's Other Interests .............. 165 Dr. Moulton's Retirement from Oberlin College 166 VI. BELIEVING— BELONGING— SERVING............ 184 VII. ACTIVE SENIOR YEARS .......................... 210 ill Chapter Page VIII. MODESTLY ACCEPTING AW A R D S ..................... 222 IX. AN UNFORGETTABLE PE R S O N ........................ 229 APPENDIX ............................................. 238 BIBLIOGRAPHY......................................... 241 AUTOBIOGRAPHY......................................... 254 lv PLATES Moulton Children ............................... 15 Gertrude Moulton— High School Student ........ 19 Physical Education Class, Oberlin College, 1903. 35 Gertrude Moulton— F e n c i n g .................... 40 Women's Physical Education Graduating Class, Oberlin College, 1903 ...................... 45 Gertrude Moulton— University of Illinois . 55 Dr. Moulton's Plans to Visit Former Students . 111 Carved wooden Bones ........................... 117 Camera Equipment for Taking Pictures.......... 120 Cast and Mold of a Foot ...................... 125 Laying of Cornerstone— Crane Swimming Pool . 133 Ground-breaking Ceremony— Hales Memorial Gymnasium ................................... 144 Dedication of Hales Memorial Gymnasium ........ 147 Hales Memorial Gymnasium ...................... 149 Memorial Plaque in Hales Gymnasium ............ 151 Hanna Cottage • • • ........................... 153 Dr. Moulton— About 1937 or 1938 .............. 159 v 1929-1930 W.A.A. Executive Board, Oberlin College ................................. 163 Presentation of Watch to Dr. Moulton Upon Retirement .... .................... 168 Program of Dinner Honoring Dr. Moulton Upon Retirement from Oberlin College (Fig. 1)• 170 Program of Dinner Honoring Dr. Moulton Upon Retirement from Oberlin College (Fig. 2). 171 Program of Dinner Honoring Dr. Moulton Upon Retirement from Oberlin College (Fig. 3). 17 2 Program of Dinner Honoring Dr. Moulton Upon Retirement from Oberlin College (Fig. 4)• 17 3 Program of Dinner Honoring Dr. Moulton Upon Retirement from Oberlin College (Fig. 5)• 174 Program of Dinner Honoring Dr. Moulton Upon Retirement from Oberlin College (Fig. 6). 175 Program of Dinner Honoring Dr. Moulton Upon Retirement from Oberlin College (Fig. 7). 176 Program of Dinner Honoring Dr. Moulton Upon Retirement from Oberlin College (Fig. 8). 177 Program of Dinner Honoring Dr. Moulton Upon Retirement from Oberlin college (Fig. 9). 178 Program of N.A.P.E.C.W. Luncheon, April 9, 1946 (Fig. 1) ........................... 196 Program of N.A.P.E.C.W. Luncheon, April 9, 1946 (Fig. 2 ) .................... 197 vi Plate Page XXXI. Program of N.A.P.E.C.W. Luncheon, April 9, 1946 (Pig. 3 ) ............................... 198 XXXII. Program of N.A.P.E.C.W. Luncheon, April 9, 1946 (Fig. 4 ) ......................... 199 XXXIII. First Church of Oberlin, O h i o ........... 216 XXXIV. Dr. Gertrude Moulton and Miss Anne Hughitt. 235 XXXV. Dr. Gertrude Moulton and Miss Marianna Trekell. 236 vii PREFACE The writer wishes to acknowledge the many people who gave such kind assistance in the gathering of the data for this study: Dr. Betty McCue, Chairman, women's Physical Edu cation Department, Oberlin College; Mrs. Brough, Librarian, women's Physical Education Department, Oberlin College; Mrs. Duvall, Librarian, and other personnel in Archives, Smith College Library; Miss Eunice Way, women's Physical Edu cation Department, Smith College; Dr. Laura Huelster, Chair man, Women's Physical Education Department, University of Illinois; Mrs. Nelson, Physical Education Librarian, Uni versity of Illinois; and Miss Anne Hughitt, Oberlin, Ohio. To these people and the professional associates, friends and students of Dr. Moulton I am greatly indebted. The writer is also deeply appreciative to Miss Beverly Schober for her kind attention given to the typing of this dissertation. A special thanks to Wellesley College for granting me an Amy Morris Homans Fellowship to pursue the study of Dr. Moulton's life. viii INTRODUCTION "So likewise ye, except ye utter by the tongue words easy to be understood, how shall it be known what is spoken?"! Physical education has an interesting and significant past, and that past can be studied through the persons who have been responsible for the development of physical educa tion. In other words, biographical studies of physical edu cation teachers are a means to a better understanding of the history and achievements of this phase of education. But only recently have physical educators become inter ested in biographical studies of leaders in health, physical education and recreation. At present very few biographies of women leaders have been written. To date only two doctoral dissertations have been devoted solely to the complete biography of a woman leader in physical education. Margaret Chase Locke, for her graduate work at Springfield College wrote, "A Biographical Study of Agnes Rebecca Wayman: Her Life and Contributions to the Field of Health, Physical Education and Recreation." ^Bible, King James Version, I. Corinthians, 14: 9. (Often quoted by Dr. Moulton.) 1 Dorothy M. Tucker, while at Texas Women's University wrote, "Katherine Williams Montgomery: Her Life, Professional Career and Contributions to Physical Education." A dissertation by Madge Marie Phillips, written at the State University of Iowa, is a biography of eight selected women leaders in physi cal education. The work is titled: Biographies of Selected Women Leaders in Physical Education in the United States. In addition to these dissertations, two Master's theses have been devoted to biographical studies: "An Historical Analysis of the Professional Career of Delphine Hanna, 11 by Minnie Lynn, Pennsylvania State College and "Ten Outstanding Women in Physical Education," by Matilda Pearl Heidorn, The Ohio State University. Elizabeth Halsey, in her book. Women in Physical Education, written in 1961, gives a brief biographical account of some of the women pioneers and current leaders in physical education. A supplement to the Research Quarterly. October, 1941, also gives an account of the lives of thirteen women leaders in health, physical education, and recreation. To supplement these biographical works and to con tribute to our historical knowledge of physical education, I have chosen to write about the life and career of Dr. Gertrude Evelyn Moulton, professional health and physical educator. Dr. Moulton was born in 1880 in Rio Grande, Ohio, and now 3 resides at 291 Forest Street, Oberlin, Ohio. She graduated from Oberlin College, where she was a student of Dr. Delphine Hanna, in 1903. Twenty years of varied activities provided her with a broad background of experience which she brought to Oberlin College when she returned later as a teacher in 1923. She served as Chairman of the Women's Physical Educa tion Department at Oberlin College from 1923 to 1945. Miss Moulton's greatest contribution to health and physical education was made during her professional career at Oberlin College, which is located in Oberlin, Ohio, a village approximately 30 miles southwest of Cleveland. Oberlin College is best remembered as the first co educational college in the United States. It was founded in 1833 by John J. Shipherd and Philo P. Stewart, and was origi nally called the Oberlin Collegiate Institute. The purpose of the two founders was to bring educational privileges to all, including females,