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World War I and Propaganda Ii Contents History of Warfare contents i World War I and Propaganda ii contents History of Warfare Editors Kelly DeVries Loyola University Maryland John France University of Wales, Swansea Michael S. Neiberg United States Army War College, Pennsylvania Frederick Schneid High Point University, North Carolina VOLUME 94 The titles published in this series are listed at brill.com/hw contents iii World War I and Propaganda Edited by Troy R.E. Paddock LEIDEN • BOSTON 2014 Cover illustration: ‘Kultur’ by Nelson Harding. Reproduction Number: LC-USZ62-40663 (b&w filmiv copy neg.), Call Number: LOT 3574 [item]contents [P&P]. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C.: Bookmark http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2009631637/ Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data World War I and propaganda / edited by Troy Paddock. pages cm. -- (History of warfare ; volume 94) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-90-04-26456-4 (hardback : alk. paper) -- ISBN 978-90-04-26457-1 (e-book) 1. World War, 1914-1918--Propaganda. I. Paddock, Troy R. E., editor. II. Title: World War One and propaganda. D639.P6W66 2014 940.4'88--dc23 2013042780 This publication has been typeset in the multilingual “Brill” typeface. With over 5,100 characters covering Latin, IPA, Greek, and Cyrillic, this typeface is especially suitable for use in the humanities. For more information, please see www.brill.nl/brill-typeface. ISSN 1385-7827 ISBN 978-90-04-26456-4 (hardback) ISBN 978-90-04-26457-1 (e-book) Copyright 2014 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Brill Nijhoff, Global Oriental and Hotei Publishing. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Koninklijke Brill NV provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910, Danvers, MA 01923, USA. Fees are subject to change. Brill has made all reasonable efforts to trace all rights holders to any copyrighted material used in this work. In cases where these efforts have not been successful the publisher welcomes communications from copyright holders, so that the appropriate acknowledgements can be made in future editions, and to settle other permission matters. This book is printed on acid-free paper. contents v Contents List of Contributors . vii List of Figures . xi Acknowledgments . xiii Introduction . 1 section ONE PROPAGANDA AND NEGOTIATING IMPERIAL IDENTITY 1. Transcending the Nation: Domestic Propaganda and Supra- national Patriotism in Britain, 1917–18 David Monger . 21 2. Presenting the War in Ireland, 1914–1918 Catriona Pennell . 42 3. “Fight the Huns with Food”: Mobilizing Canadian Civilians for the Food War Effort during the Great War, 1914–1918 Mourad Djebabla . 65 4. Propaganda, Imperial Subjecthood and National Identity in Jamaica during the First World War Richard Smith. 89 5. South Africa and the First World War Anne Samson . 113 section two PROPAGANDA AND THE PROPER CONDUCT OF WAR 6. The Hun and the Home: Gender, Sexuality and Propaganda in First World War Europe Lisa M. Todd . 137 7. German Propaganda and Prisoners-of-War during World War I Kenneth Steuer. 155 8. Indian and African Soldiers in British, French and German Propaganda during the First World War Andrew Jarboe . 181 vi contents section THREE PROPAGANDA AND NEGOTIATING OCCUPATION 9. Of Occupied Territories and Lost Provinces: German and Entente Propaganda in the West during World War I Christopher Fischer . 199 10. The Cultivation of Deutschtum in Occupied Lithuania during the First World War Christopher Barthel . 222 11. A Different Kind of Home Front: War, Gender and Propaganda in Warsaw, 1914–1918 Robert Blobaum and Donata Blobaum. 247 section four PROPAGANDA AND NEGOTIATING WITH NEUTRAL NATIONS 12. Propaganda and Mobilizations in Greece during the First World War Elli Lemonidou . 273 13. Propaganda and Politics: Germany and Spanish Opinion in World War I Javier Ponce. 292 14. Luring Neutrals. Allied and German Propaganda in Argentina during the First World War María Inés Tato . 322 Bibliography . 345 Index . 353 Contents Contents V List of Contributors vii List of Figures XI Acknowledgments Xiii Introduction 1 SECTION ONE 19 PROPAGANDA AND NEGOTIATING IMPERIAL IDENTITY 19 CHAPTER ONE 21 Transcending the Nation: Domestic Propaganda and Supranational Patriotism in Britain, 1917–18* 21 David Monger 21 CHAPTER TWO 42 Presenting the War in Ireland, 1914–1918 42 Catriona Pennell 42 CHAPTER THREE 65 “Fight the Huns with Food”: Mobilizing Canadian Civilians for the Food War Effort During the Great War, 1914–1918 65 Mourad Djebabla 65 CHAPTER FOuR 89 Propaganda, Imperial SuBjecthood and National Identity in Jamaica During the First World War 89 Richard Smith 89 CHAPTER FIVE 113 South Africa and the First World War 113 Anne Samson 113 SECTION TWO 135 PROPAGANDA AND THE PROPER CONDUCT OF WAR 135 CHAPTER SIX 137 The HuN and the Home: Gender, Sexuality and Propaganda in First World War Europe 137 Lisa M. Todd 137 CHAPTER SEVEN 155 German Propaganda and Prisoners-of-War during World War I 155 Kenneth Steuer 155 CHAPTER EIGHT 181 Indian and African Soldiers in British, French and German Propaganda During the First World War 181 Andrew jarboe 181 SECTION THREE 197 PROPAGANDA AND NEGOTIATING OCCuPATION 197 CHAPTER NINE 199 OF Occupied Territories and Lost Provinces: German and Entente Propaganda in the West during World War I 199 Christopher Fischer 199 CHAPTER TEN 222 The Cultivation of Deutschtum in Occupied Lithuania during the First World War 222 Christopher Barthel 222 CHAPTER ELEVEN 247 A Different Kind of Home Front: War, Gender and Propaganda in Warsaw, 1914–1918 247 Robert Blobaum and Donata Blobaum 247 SECTION FOuR 271 CHAPTER TWELVE 273 Propaganda and Mobilizations in Greece During the First World War 273 Elli Lemonidou 273 CHAPTER THIRTEEN 292 Propaganda and Politics: GermanY and Spanish Opinion in World War I 292 Javier Ponce 292 CHAPTER FOURTEEN 322 Luring Neutrals. Allied and German Propaganda in Argentina during the First World War 322 María Inés Tato 322 Bibliography 345 IndeX 353 list of contributors vii List of Contributors Christopher Barthel completed his PhD in May 2011 at Brown university, where he also taught as a Visiting Assistant Professor. Donata Blobaum (neè Karolkiewicz) is a lecturer at Collegium Civitas in Warsaw. A specialist on the history of propaganda, she is the author of Wolna Łomża: Monografia sowiecki gadzinówki (2002). Robert Blobaum is Eberly Family Professor of Modern European History at West Virginia University. His most recent book is Antisemitism and Its Opponents in Modern Poland (2005). Mourad Djebabla (PhD) is an Assistant Professor (Royal Military College of Kingston). He is a Canadian military historian interested in the question of the Canadian society during the Great War. He has presented papers and written articles on the question of propaganda in Canada in 1914–1918 and on the strategies of mobilization of the Canadians for the Total War during the First World War. He published a book in 2003 about the Quebec memory of the Great War from 1919 to 1998 (Se souvenir de la Grande Guerre (VLB, 2003)). Christopher Fischer is currently Associate Professor of History at Indiana State University. His first project, Alsace to the Alsatians? Visions and Divisions of Alsatian Regionalism (Berghahn, 2010) examined the evolution of Alsatian regionalisms from 1871–1939. His current project explores the history of Alsace during the First World War. Andrew T. jarboe is a PhD Candidate in History at Northeastern University. His focus is on empires in the First World War and he is a contributing editor to The Middle Ground, an online journal for world historians. An alumnus of Teach for America, Andrew earned his BA from Bates College and MST from Pace University. Elli Lemonidou is Lecturer of Modern History at the Department of Cultural Environment and New Technologies’ Management, University of Western Greece (Agrinio). She specializes in Modern Greek and European viii list of contributors History and in History of International Relations in the 20th century. Her more recent research interests include Public History, especially the rela- tion between academic and public history, as well as the links between official history, national identity and collective memories. She has pub- lished various articles in collective works and in French and Greek his- torical reviews. She has been recently co-author of the book The Trauma and the Policies of Memory (Athens, 2010—in Greek). David Monger is a Lecturer in Modern European History at the University of Canterbury in Christchurch, New Zealand. His monograph, Patriotism and propaganda in First World War Britain: the National War Aims Committee and civilian morale, was published in 2012 by Liverpool University Press, and he has also published articles in Historical Research, Sport in History and Cultural and Social History. javier Ponce studied Contemporary History at the University of Salamanca, obtained a MA in European Civilization: Ethnicity, Culture and Society at the university of Leuven (Belgium), and the PhD at the university of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, with a mention of European Doctorate. He is Professor of Contemporary History at the University of Las Palmas, where he also has been coordinator of international relations and vice-dean of the Faculty. His main research interest is the Spanish foreign policy since the end of the XIX century, and especially during the First World War. He has been researching in different centres of Spain, Belgium, united Kingdom, Germany, the United States and Holland and he also has par- ticipated in diverse conferences in Spain, Greece, United Kingdom, United States, Holland, Portugal, Russia and Switzerland.
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