A Determination of Needed Adjustments and Extensions in the Curricular Patterns of Vocational Education in Agriculture
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REPOR TRESUMES ED 010 197 08 A DETERMINATION OF NEEDED ADJUSTMENTS AND EXTENSIONS IN THE CURRICULAR PATTERNS OF VOCATIONAL EDUCATION IN AGRICULTURE. FINAL REPORT. BY- TAYLOR, ROBERT E. OHIO STATE UNIV., COLUMBUS REPORT NUMBER ERD-002 -65 PUB DATE MAR 66 REPORT NUMBER BR-5-0031 CONTRACT OEC-5-85-009 EDRS PRICEMF-S0.18HC-$4.12 103P. DESCRIPTORS- *VOCATIONAL EDUCATION, EDUCATIONAL NEEDS, EDUCATIONAL CHANGE, *AGRICULTURE, OCCUPATIONAL GUIDANCE, RURAL YOUTH, *CURRICULUM PLANNING, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, NIGH SCHOOLS, POST HIGH SCHOOL GUIDANCE, *PREVOCATIONAL EDUCATION, NONFARM YOUTH, SUBPROFESSIONALS. *SERVICE OCCUPATIONS, COLUMBUS, OHIO TO MORE EFFECTIVELY MEET PREPARATORY TRAINING NEEDS IN NONFARM AGRICULTURAL OCCUPATIONS, THE ADJUSTMENTS AND EXTENSIONS NEEDED IN HIGH SCHOOL AND POST-HIGH SCHOOL CURRICULAR PATTERNS OF AGRICULTURAL VOCATIONAL EDUCATION WERE IDENTIFIED. COMMITTEE MEETINGS, AREA SF!:AOARS, AND A NATIONAL CCNFERENCE WERE CALLED WHICH SUMMARIZED, INTERPRETED, AND SYNTHESIZED VARIED PROGRAMS FOR AGRICULTURAL. OCCUPATIONS. RESULTING CURRICULAR AND ADMINISTRATIVE RECOMMENDATIONS WERE PRESENTED IN A SERIES OF SPECIAL PUDLICATIONS (LISTED IN THE REPORT). IN ADDITION, CURRICULAR MATERIALS WERE DEVELOPED FOR COURSES IN FOUR SUBJECT AREAS--AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY (SERVICE OCCUPATIONS), AGRICULTURAL SUPPLY (SALES AND SERVICE OCCUPATIONS), HORTICULTURE (SERVICE OCCUPATIONS), AND AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS TECHNOLOGY. (SD) - c / FINAL REPORT ERD 002-65 5-85-009 LI, S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH,EDUCATION AND WELFARE 0;iit:aOSEdi,;:-., This document tin to r. rBptc,fuceo re%rdived from the person or crzian2aLoa or:anoi:ngit. Fo,n'as of view or opinions stated do not necessarily a:present offMai Office ogducAt10/1 potion or poUoyl, A DETERMINATION OF NEEDED ,ADMETNiNT8 AIM EXTENSIOZE LI THE CURRICULAR ?AT TMNS OF VOCATIONAL EDUCATION INmamma Haab, 19E6 TY, i. DEPARMEM OP RVICL.1111 =UCATION1r AND ICIME, Offici -of riutatio Bureau or Re5rearett it*.;!. '.1§Aree.0 111101.....1IONN.M. 1. DlitratMINATION OF NEEDED ADJUSTMEM AND LIONS IN THE CILPATCULAR PANE=OF VOCATIONALEDUCATION INAGRICULTURE. ERD 002-65 OE - 5-85-009 Robert B. Taylor March,1966 The research reported herein was performed pursuant toa contract with the Office of Education, U. S. Departmentof Health, Education, and Welfare.Contractors undertaking such projects under Government sponsorshipare encouraged to express freely their professional. judgment inthe con- duct of the project. Points of view or opinionsstated. do not, therefore, necessarily represent official Officeof Education position or policy. The Center forResearch and Leadership Development in Vocational and Technical Education The Ohio State Univereity 980 Kumar Road Columbus, Ohio 43212 TABLE OF CONTENS Introduction. 1 Purpose a 1 Objectives . 1 Background. 2 Met'iod . a o a n c a a Development of the Project 3 First Project Advisory Committee Meeting . 4 Selection ofKeyArmur and Curricular Materials to be 'Developed . .. 6 Related Publications. 0 0 . 8 Staff Personnel .. 9 Second Project Advisory Committee Meeting . .13 Activities Prior to April Advisory Meeting . 13 National Advisory Meeting for Developing Programs of Education in Off-Farm Agricultural Occupations .15 Activities Prior to National Conference on Off-Farm Agricultural Occupations . 17 The National Conference on Off-Farm Agricultural Occupations.. .17 Activities Subsequent to National Conference on Off-Farm Occupations . .19 Area Meetings.... 19 The Development of Curricular and. Supporting Materials. 19 Evaluating the Project... Strengths of the Project 24 Project Problems Associated with the 25 Summary. , 26 Appendixes 31 iii 32117CDIXTION The major objectives of this projectware accomplished thrbmgh the series of specialized publications.listel on Pages 19 to 23 of this document.This publication constitutesa report of the project and the procedures used in developing thesespecialized pUblications. 12EPLIE The major purpose of this projectwas to determine the adjustments and extension needed in the highschoollaid post high school curricular patterns of vocational education in agricultureto more effectively meet preparatory training needs in oft...famegricultaraloccupations.,The summarization, interpretation, _end resultingsynthesis of the studies on agricultural occupations caspleted by twenty-sixstates provided the basis for determining extensionsend adjustments in the curticular pat- terns. lc chlelives The following six specific objectiveswere established gior the study : . To identity the major occupations which require- co:44etency in agriculture; 2.To determine the agricultural competenciesneeded. by workers in these occupations; ... 3. To cluster the major agricultural occupationswhich re@ire similar ectabetencies; To develop and refine the curricular guidesand supporting materials which were most neededend feasible-for the major clusters of agricultural occupatioeS; '- 5.To examine the data fro: thestudies on agriculturaloccupa- tions for other Implications, givingparticular attention to: a.Programs for dindvantaged youth b.Projected employ:let %party:atlas inmajor agricul- tural occupations . c.Needed adjustaentsin administrative and supervisory procedures Organisationalstructure for provZding vocational education in apiculture evNeeded adjustments in teaching and coordinatingmethods 1 f. Pre-service and in-service education ofteachers g. Selection, placement,and follow-14) of students 6.To train key state leaders in theuse ofthe curricular guides and supporting materials. Backeiround In recent years, agricultural educatorsand others have become increasingly extra that (1) agricultureand farming are no longersynony- mous and (2) a broad complex of agriculturalbusinesses and aervicas have evolved which facilitate thework of the farmer and rancher inproduction agriculture. Consequently, leadersin aViculturaleducation, in consort with other keygroups, have undertaken an extensive researchprogram to identity workers who requirea knowledge of agriculture to nerform their -t jobs successfully and toidentify major agricultural competenciesthey might need.The need for sucha program was farther underscored bypas- sage of the Vocational EducationAct of 1963 which gave vocationaleduca- tion in agriculturea broadened responsibility toprepare workers "... in any occupationinvolving knowledge and skills inagricultural subjects, whether or not suchoccupation involves work of the farmor of the farm home. ." The National Center forAdvanced Study and Research inAgricultural Education, in cooperationwith the Agricultural EducationBranch of the U. S. Office of Education,sponsored two national researchcoordination conferences to facilitateresearch in this area. The first of thesecc ferences was held May27-29, 1963,with state staff members from fourteenstates participating.The following were the major purposes ofthe conference: 1. To maximize the pOssibilitiesfor coordinating and achieving comonality in the agriculturaloccupations studies beingcon- ducted by the several stateswithout violating the integrity of individual statestudies; 2. To provide other states withresulting materials and toen- co-arage comparable studies. The Second Research CoordinationConference was held at The Center on January 13-15, 1964,with state-staffrepresentatives of twenty-one states participating. The major purposes of this conferencewere: 1. TO 'develop wiser' isation procedureswhich would facilitate national interpretation ofdata; 1 2. To develop-guidelinesfor 'establishing OM evaluating pilot programs growing out of the studies Onagricultural occupations. The 7..ationale underlying these two conferences and this particu- lar project was:(1) that individual states were faced with the common problem of identifying needed adjustments and modifications in their curricular offerings in vocational agriculture;and (2) that by pooling resourcits ,and tale*, it would be possible to supplement and reinforce iadfl qtate efforts.Furthermore, it was apparent to agricultural educatord end others, that a sustained, coordinated natioral effort would be more effective in serving the agricultural industry tt In would a series of isolated individual projects.The broader base provi led by the coor- dinated approach minimized duplication of effort erti privided individual states with greater confidence in developing their programs than if intrastate data were utilized. By December 15, 1964, six states had completed or were completing surveys concerning the needs for education of persons seeking employment opportunities in agricultural occupations. METHOD :Decent of the Pro eat in December of 1904 Dean Roy N. Kottman and members of the College of Agriculture and Home Feconcedes of The Ohio State University, recogniz- ing thi importance end immensity of the task being undertaken, made avail- able a short-term allocation of funds for initiating this project. On December .1, 1964, the director and the two associate project leaders be-be- gan outlining activities' and the scheduleto be followed it attaining the project's. objectives. I Dr. H. M. Hamlin, Professor Emeritus of Vocational Education,Uni- versity of=moistassumed responsibilities as an associate project leader.Di." Hamlin is a national]; recognized leader in vocationaland technica3. education end a former Chairman ofthe Division ofVocational andTee:WealEducation at the University of Illinois.Dr. Glenn Z. Stevens, Professor of Agricultural Education, Pennsylvania State Univer- sity, and Chairman of the Research Committee of the American Vocational