Lyceum at Epidaurus

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Lyceum at Epidaurus Epidaurus Lyceum An International Acting Summer School for ancient Greek drama in Epidaurus The Ancient Theatre of Epidaurus is the most celebrated place for modern restaging of ancient drama. Epidaurus Lyceum aims to bring the international creative voices of drama together and re-imagine the art of drama in the land of its roots What is the Epidaurus Lyceum • An international ancient drama practice centre at Epidaurus, Greece, addressed to drama students and young actors. • A meeting point for actors, drama teachers, directors, musicians, choreographers, theatre theorists, anthropologists, musicologists and other artists & theorists. • An initiative which will ultimately lead to a much needed new approach to ancient tragedy and comedy. • A creative encounter between tradition and innovation, and between ancient and contemporary civilization – an encounter based on the twin pillars of ancient drama & the actor. An open-air summer camp where nature meets art Epidaurus Lyceum’s topos • The program will be planned around selected open spaces and supplemented by performances of ancient drama held at Epidaurus’ two ancient theatres. • Classes & events will take the natural environment as well as and the area’s ancient, byzantine & modern monuments into account and be influenced by them. LYCEUM VENUES The Epidaurus area will liberate drama education from its usual enclosed setting and allow the dynamics of open space to impact on both the educational processes & the students experiences The stadium of The Ancient Theatre of Asklepion Epidaurus in Asklepion The Little Theatre of On the road to the Ancient Epidaurus Lyceum’s camp The Little Theatre of Ancient Epidaurus is one of the main venues of the Lyceum where seminars, workshops and performances will take place The Stadium is found inside the ancient healing centre of Asklepion and will be a venue of the Lyceum where seminars, workshops and performances will take place Sacred places, nearby monuments and churches’ courtyards to host Lyceum’s workshops and lectures The courtyard of the church of Agia Marina to be used as one of the Lyceum’s outdoor spaces The olive grove as an archetypical symbol of Greek myth and wisdom to be examined on its most suited environment. Indoor spaces such as the dance hall and the gym in nearby Ligourio village Lyceum’s venues & spaces • Students and teachers will be hosted as guests in houses and hotels in the village of Ligourio, as well as in a specially- designed open-air eco camp, an experience which will enhance the inspiration they glean from the natural environment and the sense of community. • The Lyceum’s workshops will be held in specially designed places within the camp, but also near monuments, and in pine woods and olive-grove forests in the surrounding area. • Indoor locations, such as school facilities, the High School in Ligourio, the school gym and hall, and the precincts of historical churches will also be used. • The Little Theatre of Epidaurus will also be made use of a variety of ways, serving as one of the main venues for Lyceum. Epidaurus Lyceum’s location The summer camp will be set up in a 25.000m2 area of pine-tree forest between Ligourio village and the Ancient Theatre of Epidaurus, which is also conveniently located by the local health centre. Epidaurus Lyceum’s Accommodation As the works in the summer camp are still in progress, accommodation for this summer of 2017 will be at the hospitable hotels of the Lygourio village. All rooms include reception / wireless internet access / A/C unit / kitchenette / TV set. Epidaurus & surroundings map Epidaurus Lyceum Epidaurus Lyceum’s philosophy • At the very heart of Epidaurus Lyceum is our desire to connect the educational process with the works of ancient drama performed at Epidaurus. • The Little Theatre of Ancient Epidaurus will be oriented towards a repertoire linked directly to the classes taught at the Lyceum with a focus on: - subjects related to early forms of theatre in Greece - rituals and ceremonies - folklore and folk traditions, circle dances - traditional music and music performances influenced by tradition - art inspired by ancient drama - and work that in some way connects ancient drama with our cultural roots but also with universal themes of myth and drama. • To enhance the intercultural perspective on ancient drama, will also be organised events dedicated to traditional Eastern forms of theatre such as the theatre of China, Japan and India. Epidaurus Lyceum’s 2017 schedule • The Lyceum will operate the summer of 2017 for a 15-day period from 4 July - 19 July 2017 • The aim is for the Lyceum to coincide with the Epidaurus Festival so as the artistic program of the latter and the educational program of the former can complement & enhance each other. Epidaurus Lyceum’s students • There will be 150 places available for each of the two fortnightly periods. • The educational program will be addressed to students and graduates of drama schools, theatre academies and acting departments of univeristies as well as young actors. • Working language will be English. Teaching language will depend on the teacher; however, English translation will be available. Epidaurus Lyceum’s curriculum • An overall of 170 hours of practical and theoretical workshops and educational activities. • 8-10 main workshops led by selected teachers (compulsory modules) • To be supplemented by shorter selective workshops led by additional teachers. • To be enriched by lectures, walks & other events – some to be shared with the local community and the public at large. • Classes related to the body, movement, music and song will be provided every year by artists taking part in that year’s Epidaurus Festival, and tutors from participating institutions and schools both from Greece and abroad. • 6 ECTS credit units provided by the University of the Peloponnese Lyceum’s guidelines - modules 1. RITUAL • Anthropological perspectives on theatrical practice • Influences and tools of collective local events • Influences and tools of non-Western theatrical practices and traditions • The actor and the tragic condition 2. THE TRAGIC BODY • The post-Grotowski conditions of the function and presence of the actor’s body. • The body itself and in relation to the open-air space • Group work. Collective actions and interaction of bodies on stage. • The multiplicity of the body and its transformations. • Body and costume • Body and gender 3. VOICE: MUSIC-LAMENT-SPEECH • The rhythm of tragic speech. • Narration as bodily action. • Tools of multi-voice practice. • Breath, speakers and open space. • The limits of voice. 4. CONNECTING MYTH AND REALITY • Devise and production of texts: the actor’s tools. • Narrative theatre. • Documentary as tragic element: the actor-researcher. • The actor in site-specific works. • The actor as agent of myth in contemporary reality. • Paratheatrical actions. Learning outcomes • The acquirement by the young actors of competences, techniques, and tools, in order to serve various contemporary directing approaches on ancient drama. • The co-existence of teachers and students from various cultural contexts in an intercultural environment. • The contact of young artists with ancient and modern Greek culture. Epidaurus 2017 theme: “Eleusis of the Xenos” The arrival of the Outsider The chosen theme of Athens & Epidaurus Festival for 2017 for the performances in the Ancient Epidaurus Theatre is ‘Eleusis of the Xenos’ The arrival of the Outsider This theme will also inform the content of the classes at the Lyceum. The subject relates to the dilemmas that Europe faces today and encourages a reappraisal of the political theatre of antiquity in the light of current global turbulence. The god of Dionysos – pictured left – it is claimed that his origins were uncertain, and in some cults arrives from the East as the Asiatic Xenos Plays in Program for the 2017 season Epidaurus open space theatres • The Persians and Iketides (The Suppliant women) by Aeschylus • Medea, Cyclops, Alkestis by Euripides • Oedipus Rex by Sophokles • Irini (Peace) and The Frogs by Aristophanes • Staged Homer’s Odyssey’s Ω rapsody world music, circular dances performances and local fairs will give a great insight to the discussion of the ancient drama in today’s time. International Partnerships • International partnerships and collaborations are an integral part of the Lyceum’s activity and core philosophy. • The Lyceum aims to partner up with key institutions from around the world in order to build a network of drama academies, universities and acting schools that exchange expertise and excellence in contemporary theatre pedagogy and performance and on applied research of ancient drama. • Learning agreements with the Department of Theatre Studies of the University of the Peloponnese will be set up to assure the accreditation of the studies with ECTS units and the possibilities of Erasmus+ mobility and partnership projects for Higher Education. Erasmus+ KA2 Strategic Partnerships • Partnerships in the field of higher education between 24 and 36 months • Application to the Greek National Agency (of the country in which the applicant organization is established) • Among other activities: Intensive Study Programmes for HE students, with invited HE teaching staff and other relevant HE experts • 3 – 10 partners • Deadline: 29th of March 2017 – starting date: between September 1st and December 31st, 2017 Important Dates • Open call and applications: approximately February 1st – March 15th, 2017 • Submission of Erasmus + Project:
Recommended publications
  • Athens, Central Greece & Peloponnese
    Athens, Central Greece & Peloponnese Athens – Olympia – Delphi 6 Days / 5 Nights Day 1 – Arrival in Athens Upon arrival at Athens International Airport, you will be met by our representative and transferred to your hotel. Balance of the day at leisure. If time permits depending on your arrival time to Athens, you may enjoy one of our optional tours. (Cape Sounion or Athens By Night Tour with Traditional Greek show). Day 2 – Athens After breakfast at hotel, pick up for our Athens Sightseeing Tour. Our Athens Half Day Tour begins with a panoramic drive around Syntagma square, passing by many sightseeing hot spots such as National Garden, Hadrian’s Arch, St. Paul’s Church, Parliament, Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, Catholic Cathedral and Schliemann’s House. We will then drive past the Athens Trilogy which includes the University of Athens, the Academy of Athens, and the National Library. Our licensed guide will make you feel as if you are experiencing firsthand Athens’s old and new history as you look at these stately buildings. We continue for a photo stop at Panathenaic Stadium, otherwise known as Kallimarmaro Stadium, where the first Olympic Games took place in 1896. As we proceed, we pass by Zappeion and the Temple of Olympian Zeus. Last but not least, we make our way to the archaeological site of Acropolis, an UNESCO’S world heritage monument and we visit Propylae, as well as the small Temple of Athena Nike. Of course, our visit shall not be completed without the Parthenon and Erechtheion. The expert guided Athens sightseeing and museum tour continues with a pleasant short walk passing by Herodion and Dionysos Theater, in order to visit the New Acropolis Museum.
    [Show full text]
  • Early Mycenaean Arkadia: Space and Place(S) of an Inland and Mountainous Region
    Early Mycenaean Arkadia: Space and Place(s) of an Inland and Mountainous Region Eleni Salavoura1 Abstract: The concept of space is an abstract and sometimes a conventional term, but places – where people dwell, (inter)act and gain experiences – contribute decisively to the formation of the main characteristics and the identity of its residents. Arkadia, in the heart of the Peloponnese, is a landlocked country with small valleys and basins surrounded by high mountains, which, according to the ancient literature, offered to its inhabitants a hard and laborious life. Its rough terrain made Arkadia always a less attractive area for archaeological investigation. However, due to its position in the centre of the Peloponnese, Arkadia is an inevitable passage for anyone moving along or across the peninsula. The long life of small and medium-sized agrarian communities undoubtedly owes more to their foundation at crossroads connecting the inland with the Peloponnesian coast, than to their potential for economic growth based on the resources of the land. However, sites such as Analipsis, on its east-southeastern borders, the cemetery at Palaiokastro and the ash altar on Mount Lykaion, both in the southwest part of Arkadia, indicate that the area had a Bronze Age past, and raise many new questions. In this paper, I discuss the role of Arkadia in early Mycenaean times based on settlement patterns and excavation data, and I investigate the relation of these inland communities with high-ranking central places. In other words, this is an attempt to set place(s) into space, supporting the idea that the central region of the Peloponnese was a separated, but not isolated part of it, comprising regions that are also diversified among themselves.
    [Show full text]
  • Ancient History Sourcebook: 11Th Brittanica: Sparta SPARTA an Ancient City in Greece, the Capital of Laconia and the Most Powerful State of the Peloponnese
    Ancient History Sourcebook: 11th Brittanica: Sparta SPARTA AN ancient city in Greece, the capital of Laconia and the most powerful state of the Peloponnese. The city lay at the northern end of the central Laconian plain, on the right bank of the river Eurotas, a little south of the point where it is joined by its largest tributary, the Oenus (mount Kelefina). The site is admirably fitted by nature to guard the only routes by which an army can penetrate Laconia from the land side, the Oenus and Eurotas valleys leading from Arcadia, its northern neighbour, and the Langada Pass over Mt Taygetus connecting Laconia and Messenia. At the same time its distance from the sea-Sparta is 27 m. from its seaport, Gythium, made it invulnerable to a maritime attack. I.-HISTORY Prehistoric Period.-Tradition relates that Sparta was founded by Lacedaemon, son of Zeus and Taygete, who called the city after the name of his wife, the daughter of Eurotas. But Amyclae and Therapne (Therapnae) seem to have been in early times of greater importance than Sparta, the former a Minyan foundation a few miles to the south of Sparta, the latter probably the Achaean capital of Laconia and the seat of Menelaus, Agamemnon's younger brother. Eighty years after the Trojan War, according to the traditional chronology, the Dorian migration took place. A band of Dorians united with a body of Aetolians to cross the Corinthian Gulf and invade the Peloponnese from the northwest. The Aetolians settled in Elis, the Dorians pushed up to the headwaters of the Alpheus, where they divided into two forces, one of which under Cresphontes invaded and later subdued Messenia, while the other, led by Aristodemus or, according to another version, by his twin sons Eurysthenes and Procles, made its way down the Eurotas were new settlements were formed and gained Sparta, which became the Dorian capital of Laconia.
    [Show full text]
  • Wave-Based Acoustic Modeling of the Epidaurus Theatre
    Wave-based acoustic modeling of the Epidaurus theatre Konstantinos Kaleris, George Moiragias, Gavriil Kamaris and John Mourjopoulos Audio & Acoustic Technology Group, Electrical & Computer Engineering Department, University of Patras, Greece. Summary The acoustics of the ancient theatre of Epidaurus have been evaluated in the past via measurements and models. However, the topic still remains open especially with respect to the contributions of the specific architectural elements to the theatre's excellent acoustic performance. Here, the study focuses on 3 novel aspects for a better understanding of the theater's acoustics: (a) introduces a wave-based acoustics simulation of the Epidaurus theatre based on a flexible but simplified 3D geometric model (b) matches temporal and spectral features of measured and modeled responses, The wave model considers direct, reflected, diffracted and mixed reflection - diffraction sound paths for calculating the theatre's acoustic Impulse Response (IR) in several listening positions, from the front rows of the lower tier to the last rows of the upper tier. For exact tuning of the model, such simulated IR discrete temporal features due to the calculated sound paths are examined through time-distance matching, allowing thus direct comparison to the theatre's measured IRs and further interpretation of the effects of each of the architectural features of the theatre. In order to precisely match the simulation to measurements, the acoustic behavior of reflecting and diffracting surfaces/edges is incorporated in the model through application of special filters, developed according to the spectral characteristics of the reflection and diffraction features of the measured IRs. From the study it is deduced that sound diffraction plays a major role in the theatre's acoustics, assisting signal reception especially at the distant positions.
    [Show full text]
  • Agricultural Practices in Ancient Macedonia from the Neolithic to the Roman Period
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by International Hellenic University: IHU Open Access Repository Agricultural practices in ancient Macedonia from the Neolithic to the Roman period Evangelos Kamanatzis SCHOOL OF HUMANITIES A thesis submitted for the degree of Master of Arts (MA) in Black Sea and Eastern Mediterranean Studies January 2018 Thessaloniki – Greece Student Name: Evangelos Kamanatzis SID: 2201150001 Supervisor: Prof. Manolis Manoledakis I hereby declare that the work submitted is mine and that where I have made use of another’s work, I have attributed the source(s) according to the Regulations set in the Student’s Handbook. January 2018 Thessaloniki - Greece Abstract This dissertation was written as part of the MA in Black Sea and Eastern Mediterranean Studies at the International Hellenic University. The aim of this dissertation is to collect as much information as possible on agricultural practices in Macedonia from prehistory to Roman times and examine them within their social and cultural context. Chapter 1 will offer a general introduction to the aims and methodology of this thesis. This chapter will also provide information on the geography, climate and natural resources of ancient Macedonia from prehistoric times. We will them continue with a concise social and cultural history of Macedonia from prehistory to the Roman conquest. This is important in order to achieve a good understanding of all these social and cultural processes that are directly or indirectly related with the exploitation of land and agriculture in Macedonia through time. In chapter 2, we are going to look briefly into the origins of agriculture in Macedonia and then explore the most important types of agricultural products (i.e.
    [Show full text]
  • Asclepius and Epidaurus: the Sapiential Medicine As Divinatory Art Between Therapeutic Landscapes and Healing Dreams
    Cosmos and History: The Journal of Natural and Social Philosophy, vol. 15, no. 1, 2019 ASCLEPIUS AND EPIDAURUS: THE SAPIENTIAL MEDICINE AS DIVINATORY ART BETWEEN THERAPEUTIC LANDSCAPES AND HEALING DREAMS Nicola Luigi Bragazzi, Mariano Martini, Riccardo Zerbetto, Tania Simona Re ABSTRACT: Epidaurus was in the antiquity a therapeutic complex which included several buildings to which people came from every part of Greece to be cured by the god Asclepius, a deity venerated from 500 before Christ to the fourth-fifth century anno Domini, when many other pagan cults had already ceased to exist. Epidaurus was a very complex structure, a sort of city-state or sovereign state, able to host thousands of adepts. Here, patients were subject to ablution, purification and sporadic fasting. Asclepius appeared in a dream, in a sort a practice of magic-ritual and sapiential medicine. KEYWORDS: Asclepius; Epidaurus; Sapiential medicine; Templar medicine; Incubation sanctuary Originally, medicine was a divinatory art. Hoverer, the term "divination" has lost its original meaning throughout the centuries, with respect to the ancient times and, in particular, to the Greek archaic world, in which it held an enormous value. Divination, in fact, was the most genuine form of knowledge, a sort of half-closed door or bridge that connected the human world with the divine one. Apollo, a plague-dealer with a silver bow, is considered the father of medicine. We see him at the beginning of the Iliad with his poisoned arrows and darts disseminating illness and destruction to the Achaeans. The death www.cosmosandhistory.org 193 COSMOS AND HISTORY 194 inflicted by the divinity is terribly long and painful.
    [Show full text]
  • THE SANCTUARY at EPIDAUROS and CULT-BASED NETWORKING in the GREEK WORLD of the FOURTH CENTURY B.C. a Thesis Presented in Partial
    THE SANCTUARY AT EPIDAUROS AND CULT-BASED NETWORKING IN THE GREEK WORLD OF THE FOURTH CENTURY B.C. A Thesis Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the degree Master of Arts in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University by Pamela Makara, B.A. The Ohio State University 1992 Master's Examination Committee: Approved by Dr. Timothy Gregory Dr. Jack Ba I cer Dr. Sa u I Corne I I VITA March 13, 1931 Born - Lansing, Michigan 1952 ..... B.A. in Education, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 1952-1956, 1966-Present Teacher, Detroit, Michigan; Rochester, New York; Bowling Green, Ohio 1966-Present ............. University work in Education, Art History, and Ancient Greek and Roman History FIELDS OF STUDY Major Field: History Studies in Ancient Civi I izations: Dr. Timothy Gregory and Dr. Jack Balcer i i TABLE OF CONTENTS VITA i i LIST OF TABLES iv CHAPTER PAGE I. INTRODUCTION 1 I I. ANCIENT EPIDAUROS AND THE CULT OF ASKLEPIOS 3 I II. EPIDAURIAN THEARODOKOI DECREES 9 IV. EPIDAURIAN THEOROI 21 v. EPIDAURIAN THEARODOKOI INSCRIPTIONS 23 VI. AN ARGIVE THEARODOKOI INSCRIPTION 37 VII. A DELPHIC THEARODOKOI INSCRIPTION 42 VIII. SUMMARY 47 END NOTES 49 BIBLIOGRAPHY 55 APPENDICES A. EPIDAURIAN THEARODOKOI INSCRIPTIONS AND TRANSLATIONS 58 B. ARGIVE THEARODOKO I I NSCR I PT I ON 68 C. DELPHIC THEARODOKOI INSCRIPTION 69 D. THEARODOKO I I NSCR I PT IONS PARALLELS 86 iii LIST OF TABLES TABLE PAGE 1. Thearodoko i I nscr i pt ions Para I I e Is •••••••••••• 86 iv CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION Any evidence of I inkage in the ancient world is valuable because it clarifies the relationships between the various peoples of antiquity and the dealings they had with one another.
    [Show full text]
  • Determining the Significance of Alliance Athologiesp in Bipolar Systems: a Case of the Peloponnesian War from 431-421 BCE
    Wright State University CORE Scholar Browse all Theses and Dissertations Theses and Dissertations 2016 Determining the Significance of Alliance athologiesP in Bipolar Systems: A Case of the Peloponnesian War from 431-421 BCE Anthony Lee Meyer Wright State University Follow this and additional works at: https://corescholar.libraries.wright.edu/etd_all Part of the International Relations Commons Repository Citation Meyer, Anthony Lee, "Determining the Significance of Alliance Pathologies in Bipolar Systems: A Case of the Peloponnesian War from 431-421 BCE" (2016). Browse all Theses and Dissertations. 1509. https://corescholar.libraries.wright.edu/etd_all/1509 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses and Dissertations at CORE Scholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in Browse all Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of CORE Scholar. For more information, please contact [email protected]. DETERMINING THE SIGNIFICANCE OF ALLIANCE PATHOLOGIES IN BIPOLAR SYSTEMS: A CASE OF THE PELOPONNESIAN WAR FROM 431-421 BCE A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts By ANTHONY LEE ISAAC MEYER Dual B.A., Russian Language & Literature, International Studies, Ohio State University, 2007 2016 Wright State University WRIGHT STATE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES ___April 29, 2016_________ I HEREBY RECOMMEND THAT THE THESIS PREPARED UNDER MY SUPERVISION BY Anthony Meyer ENTITLED Determining the Significance of Alliance Pathologies in Bipolar Systems: A Case of the Peloponnesian War from 431-421 BCE BE ACCEPTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF Master of Arts. ____________________________ Liam Anderson, Ph.D.
    [Show full text]
  • Cruising Greece's Aegean Treasures
    American College of Dentists Centennial Celebration Cruise presents CRUISING GREECE'S AEGEAN TREASURES Nafplion • 7-night Cyclades small ship cruise with Delos, Mykonos, Naxos, Santorini, Milos, Paros, Syros, Aegina • Athens The stunning Cyclades are both an avid traveler’s playground and a pleasure hunter’s paradise — and you’ll experience all the joys of Greek island hopping on this swoon-worthy cruise illuminating Mediterranean history, cuisine, and art. Bask in Greece’s sunny, subtropical splendor with three days in the country’s prettiest port town of Nafplion before embarking on a blissful 7-night voyage to iconic Santorini and Mykonos, as well as lesser-known Cyclades gems of Naxos, Paros, Delos, Milos, and more, before your voyage ends with three nights in Athens. You’ll tour antique wonders, including the ancient villages of Mycenae, Corinth, and Melanes; unveil early medical practice in Epidaurus; and explore the most famous of Greek structures: The Parthenon and its sprawling Acropolis. Contemporary Greece is spotlighted, too, as you join a home-hosted lunch with a Naxos family, tour Santorini’s capital city of Fira, and revel in hedonistic Mykonos — glamorous outpost of the jet set. Reserve Today! Call Toll-Free 1 800 322 6677 - WWW.VANTAGETRAVEL.COM/VIG20 Reserve Today! Call Toll-Free 1 800 322 6677 - WWW.VANTAGETRAVEL.COM/VIG20 YOUR PRICE INCLUDES • Purchase your airfare from Vantage and your airport • The services of a Vantage Cruise Director who is a transfers, fuel surcharges, and government taxes and historian and certified guide for Greece who will offer fees are included a six-part lecture series on the history, architecture, • Exclusively chartered small ship limited to just 48 and archaeology of your destinations.
    [Show full text]
  • Genetic Origins of the Minoans and Mycenaeans
    SUPP LEMENTARY INFORMATION doi:10.1038/nature Supplementary Information Genetic origins of the Minoans and Mycenaeans Table of Contents SI 1 – Archaeological and osteological context of ancient samples 1-25 SI 2 – Admixture modeling of ancient populations 26-51 SI 3 – Y-chromosome haplogroup determination 52-56 SI 4 – Phenotypic inference 57-61 WWW.NATURE.COM/NATURE doi:10.1038/nature RESEARCH SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary Information 1 Archaeological and osteological context of ancient samples In this section we provide some general historical context on the Bronze Age populations from the Aegean and southwestern Anatolia sampled in our paper and more specific information on the 19 ancient samples included in our study. The Archaeological Context During the third and second millennia BCE, the first civilisations of Europe, the Minoan and Mycenaean, appeared around the Aegean, on its islands and on the mainland. A distinctive Minoan civilization emerged on Crete after 3100 BCE, but the Mycenaean was a later development, and came into existence on the Greek mainland around 1700-1600 BCE, fusing native elements and cultural influences from Crete. In the fifteenth century BCE, the Mycenaeans replaced the Minoans as the dominant force in the Aegean, but the Minoan civilisation persisted within Crete for another two hundred years. The Minoans The Minoans, a name given by Sir Arthur Evans to the population of Crete during the Bronze Age,[1] displayed a very distinctive material culture, which lasted for nearly two thousand years from 3100 BCE to 1050 BCE. [2] From early prehistory, several settlements emerged which eventually culminated in the formation of palatial centers that date from the beginning of the Middle Bronze Age in 1950 BCE, which were to develop later into centralised palace- based economies and complex social structures that dominated most of the island.
    [Show full text]
  • Euboea and Athens
    Euboea and Athens Proceedings of a Colloquium in Memory of Malcolm B. Wallace Athens 26-27 June 2009 2011 Publications of the Canadian Institute in Greece Publications de l’Institut canadien en Grèce No. 6 © The Canadian Institute in Greece / L’Institut canadien en Grèce 2011 Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication Euboea and Athens Colloquium in Memory of Malcolm B. Wallace (2009 : Athens, Greece) Euboea and Athens : proceedings of a colloquium in memory of Malcolm B. Wallace : Athens 26-27 June 2009 / David W. Rupp and Jonathan E. Tomlinson, editors. (Publications of the Canadian Institute in Greece = Publications de l'Institut canadien en Grèce ; no. 6) Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 978-0-9737979-1-6 1. Euboea Island (Greece)--Antiquities. 2. Euboea Island (Greece)--Civilization. 3. Euboea Island (Greece)--History. 4. Athens (Greece)--Antiquities. 5. Athens (Greece)--Civilization. 6. Athens (Greece)--History. I. Wallace, Malcolm B. (Malcolm Barton), 1942-2008 II. Rupp, David W. (David William), 1944- III. Tomlinson, Jonathan E. (Jonathan Edward), 1967- IV. Canadian Institute in Greece V. Title. VI. Series: Publications of the Canadian Institute in Greece ; no. 6. DF261.E9E93 2011 938 C2011-903495-6 The Canadian Institute in Greece Dionysiou Aiginitou 7 GR-115 28 Athens, Greece www.cig-icg.gr THOMAS G. PALAIMA Euboea, Athens, Thebes and Kadmos: The Implications of the Linear B References 1 The Linear B documents contain a good number of references to Thebes, and theories about the status of Thebes among Mycenaean centers have been prominent in Mycenological scholarship over the last twenty years.2 Assumptions about the hegemony of Thebes in the Mycenaean palatial period, whether just in central Greece or over a still wider area, are used as the starting point for interpreting references to: a) Athens: There is only one reference to Athens on a possibly early tablet (Knossos V 52) as a toponym a-ta-na = Ἀθήνη in the singular, as in Hom.
    [Show full text]
  • A HISTORY of the PELASGIAN THEORY. FEW Peoples Of
    A HISTORY OF THE PELASGIAN THEORY. FEW peoples of the ancient world have given rise to so much controversy as the Pelasgians; and of few, after some centuries of discussion, is so little clearly established. Like the Phoenicians, the Celts, and of recent years the Teutons, they have been a peg upon which to hang all sorts of speculation ; and whenever an inconvenient circumstance has deranged the symmetry of a theory, it has been safe to ' call it Pelasgian and pass on.' One main reason for this ill-repute, into which the Pelasgian name has fallen, has been the very uncritical fashion in which the ancient statements about the Pelasgians have commonly been mishandled. It has been the custom to treat passages from Homer, from Herodotus, from Ephorus, and from Pausanias, as if they were so many interchangeable bricks to build up the speculative edifice; as if it needed no proof that genealogies found sum- marized in Pausanias or Apollodorus ' were taken by them from poems of the same class with the Theogony, or from ancient treatises, or from prevalent opinions ;' as if, further, ' if we find them mentioning the Pelasgian nation, they do at all events belong to an age when that name and people had nothing of the mystery which they bore to the eyes of the later Greeks, for instance of Strabo;' and as though (in the same passage) a statement of Stephanus of Byzantium about Pelasgians in Italy ' were evidence to the same effect, perfectly unexceptionable and as strictly historical as the case will admit of 1 No one doubts, of course, either that popular tradition may transmit, or that late writers may transcribe, statements which come from very early, and even from contemporary sources.
    [Show full text]