With Archaeologist Kathleen Lynch
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A DIACHRONIC EXAMINATION OF THE ERECHTHEION AND ITS RECEPTION Alexandra L. Lesk, B.A., M.St. (Oxon.), M.A. Presented to McMicken College of Arts and Sciences and the Department of Classics of the University of Cincinnati in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy 2004 Committee: C. Brian Rose (Chair) Jack L. Davis Kathleen M. Lynch J. James Coulton Abstract iii ABSTRACT “A Diachronic Examination of the Erechtheion and Its Reception” examines the social life of the Ionic temple on the Athenian Akropolis, which was built in the late 5th century B.C. to house Athens’ most sacred cults and relics. Using a contextualized diachronic approach, this study examines both the changes to the Erechtheion between its construction and the middle of the 19th century A.D., as well as the impact the temple had on the architecture and art of these successive periods. This approach allows the evidence to shed light on new areas of interest such as the Post-Antique phases of the building, in addition to affording a better understanding of problems that have plagued the study of the Erechtheion during the past two centuries. This study begins with a re-examination of all the pertinent archaeological, epigraphical, and literary evidence, and proposes a wholly new reconstruction of how the Erechtheion worked physically and ritually in ancient times. After accounting for the immediate influence of the Erechtheion on subsequent buildings of the Ionic order, an argument for a Hellenistic rather than Augustan date for the major repairs to the temple is presented. -
Gallery Text That Accompanies This Exhibition In
Steeped in the classical training of an English gentleman, Edward Dodwell (1777/78– 1832) first traveled through Greece in 1801. He returned in 1805 in the company of an Italian artist, Simone Pomardi (1757–1830), and together they toured the country for fourteen months, drawing and documenting the landscape with exacting detail. They produced around a thousand illustrations, most of which are now in the collection of the Packard Humanities Institute in Los Altos, California. A selection from this rich archive is presented here for the first time in the United States. Dodwell and Pomardi frequently used a camera obscura, an optical device that made it easier to create accurate images. Beyond providing evidence for the appearance of monuments and vistas, their illustrations manifest the ideal of the picturesque that enraptured so many European travelers. The sight of ancient temples lying in ruin, or of the Greek people under Turkish rule as part of the Ottoman Empire, prompted meditation on the transience of human accomplishments. As Dodwell himself wrote: “When we contemplated the scene around us, and beheld the sites of ruined states, and kingdoms, and cities, which were once elevated to a high pitch of prosperity and renown, but which have now vanished like a dream . we could not but forcibly feel that nations perish as well as individuals.” Dodwell’s own words accompany the majority of images in this exhibition. His descriptions are drawn from his Classical and Topographical Tour through Greece, during the Years 1801, 1805, and 1806 (London, 1819). The author’s original spelling, capitalization, and punctuation have been retained. -
Athens, Central Greece & Peloponnese
Athens, Central Greece & Peloponnese Athens – Olympia – Delphi 6 Days / 5 Nights Day 1 – Arrival in Athens Upon arrival at Athens International Airport, you will be met by our representative and transferred to your hotel. Balance of the day at leisure. If time permits depending on your arrival time to Athens, you may enjoy one of our optional tours. (Cape Sounion or Athens By Night Tour with Traditional Greek show). Day 2 – Athens After breakfast at hotel, pick up for our Athens Sightseeing Tour. Our Athens Half Day Tour begins with a panoramic drive around Syntagma square, passing by many sightseeing hot spots such as National Garden, Hadrian’s Arch, St. Paul’s Church, Parliament, Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, Catholic Cathedral and Schliemann’s House. We will then drive past the Athens Trilogy which includes the University of Athens, the Academy of Athens, and the National Library. Our licensed guide will make you feel as if you are experiencing firsthand Athens’s old and new history as you look at these stately buildings. We continue for a photo stop at Panathenaic Stadium, otherwise known as Kallimarmaro Stadium, where the first Olympic Games took place in 1896. As we proceed, we pass by Zappeion and the Temple of Olympian Zeus. Last but not least, we make our way to the archaeological site of Acropolis, an UNESCO’S world heritage monument and we visit Propylae, as well as the small Temple of Athena Nike. Of course, our visit shall not be completed without the Parthenon and Erechtheion. The expert guided Athens sightseeing and museum tour continues with a pleasant short walk passing by Herodion and Dionysos Theater, in order to visit the New Acropolis Museum. -
Beyond Mysteries
The Hybrid History of Ancient Eleusis Cluster of Excellence “Religion and Politics” International Conference of the Cluster of Excellence Situated at the crossroads of ancient Greek history, The Cluster of Excellence “Religion and Politics. Dynamics “Religion and Politics” Eleusis was subject to changing fortunes in the world. of Tradition and Innovation” has been investigating since From an Athenian perspective, Eleusis marked the 2007 the complex relationship between religion and fringes of their territory. From everybody else’s point of politics across eras and cultures. In the funding phase Beyond Mysteries view, it was either a destination or a gateway: to from 2019 to 2025, the 140 researchers from 20 Athens, the Saronic region and Aegean, Central Greece, disciplines in the humanities and social sciences analyze The Hybrid History of Ancient Eleusis or the Peloponnese. in transepochal studies ranging from antiquity to the present day the factors that make religion the motor of The conference explores this inherent status of in- political and social change. The research network is the September 30 to October 2, 2021| Conference betweenness. It invites approaches that appreciate the largest of its kind in Germany; and, of the Clusters of local horizon as a sphere where different vectors of Excellence, one of the oldest and the only one to deal with Center Stadthotel Münster and Zoom culture touch, both complementarily and conflictually, the issue of religion. It will receive funding of 31 million to shape a hybrid history of place; for instance, an euros from 2019 to 2025. amalgamation of diverse natural environments and different political entities; of boundedness and Contact entanglement; imaginaries of isolation and belonging; Cluster of Excellence „Religion and Politics“ material and immaterial expressions in culture that Johannisstraße 1, 48143 Münster were in themselves fused by local, regional, and [email protected] universal practices. -
Athenians and Eleusinians in the West Pediment of the Parthenon
ATHENIANS AND ELEUSINIANS IN THE WEST PEDIMENT OF THE PARTHENON (PLATE 95) T HE IDENTIFICATION of the figuresin the west pedimentof the Parthenonhas long been problematic.I The evidencereadily enables us to reconstructthe composition of the pedimentand to identify its central figures.The subsidiaryfigures, however, are rath- er more difficult to interpret. I propose that those on the left side of the pediment may be identifiedas membersof the Athenian royal family, associatedwith the goddessAthena, and those on the right as membersof the Eleusinian royal family, associatedwith the god Posei- don. This alignment reflects the strife of the two gods on a heroic level, by referringto the legendary war between Athens and Eleusis. The recognition of the disjunctionbetween Athenians and Eleusinians and of parallelism and contrastbetween individualsand groups of figures on the pedimentpermits the identificationof each figure. The referenceto Eleusis in the pediment,moreover, indicates the importanceof that city and its majorcult, the Eleu- sinian Mysteries, to the Athenians. The referencereflects the developmentand exploitation of Athenian control of the Mysteries during the Archaic and Classical periods. This new proposalfor the identificationof the subsidiaryfigures of the west pedimentthus has critical I This article has its origins in a paper I wrote in a graduateseminar directedby ProfessorJohn Pollini at The Johns Hopkins University in 1979. I returned to this paper to revise and expand its ideas during 1986/1987, when I held the Jacob Hirsch Fellowship at the American School of Classical Studies at Athens. In the summer of 1988, I was given a grant by the Committeeon Research of Tulane University to conduct furtherresearch for the article. -
The First Illyrian War: a Study in Roman Imperialism
The First Illyrian War: A Study in Roman Imperialism Catherine A. McPherson Department of History and Classical Studies McGill University, Montreal February, 2012 A thesis submitted to McGill University in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Master of Arts ©Catherine A. McPherson, 2012. Table of Contents Abstract ……………………………………………….……………............2 Abrégé……………………………………...………….……………………3 Acknowledgements………………………………….……………………...4 Introduction…………………………………………………………………5 Chapter One Sources and Approaches………………………………….………………...9 Chapter Two Illyria and the Illyrians ……………………………………………………25 Chapter Three North-Western Greece in the Later Third Century………………………..41 Chapter Four Rome and the Outbreak of War…………………………………..……….51 Chapter Five The Conclusion of the First Illyrian War……………….…………………77 Conclusion …………………………………………………...…….……102 Bibliography……………………………………………………………..104 2 Abstract This paper presents a detailed case study in early Roman imperialism in the Greek East: the First Illyrian War (229/8 B.C.), Rome’s first military engagement across the Adriatic. It places Roman decision-making and action within its proper context by emphasizing the role that Greek polities and Illyrian tribes played in both the outbreak and conclusion of the war. It argues that the primary motivation behind the Roman decision to declare war against the Ardiaei in 229 was to secure the very profitable trade routes linking Brundisium to the eastern shore of the Adriatic. It was in fact the failure of the major Greek powers to limit Ardiaean piracy that led directly to Roman intervention. In the earliest phase of trans-Adriatic engagement Rome was essentially uninterested in expansion or establishing a formal hegemony in the Greek East and maintained only very loose ties to the polities of the eastern Adriatic coast. -
Faunal Remains
This is a repository copy of Faunal remains. White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/169068/ Version: Published Version Book Section: Halstead, P. orcid.org/0000-0002-3347-0637 (2020) Faunal remains. In: Wright, J.C. and Dabney, M.K., (eds.) The Mycenaean Settlement on Tsoungiza Hill. Nemea Valley Archaeological Project (III). American School of Classical Studies at Athens , Princeton, New Jersey , pp. 1077-1158. ISBN 9780876619247 Copyright © 2020 American School of Classical Studies at Athens, originally published in The Mycenaean Settlement on Tsoungiza Hill (Nemea Valley Archaeological Project III), by James C. Wright and Mary K. Dabney. This offprint is supplied for personal, noncommercial use only. Reuse Items deposited in White Rose Research Online are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved unless indicated otherwise. They may be downloaded and/or printed for private study, or other acts as permitted by national copyright laws. The publisher or other rights holders may allow further reproduction and re-use of the full text version. This is indicated by the licence information on the White Rose Research Online record for the item. Takedown If you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing [email protected] including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request. [email protected] https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/ Copyright © 2020 American School of Classical Studies at Athens, originally published in The Mycenaean Settlement on Tsoungiza Hill (Nemea Valley Archaeological Project III), by James C. -
The Herodotos Project (OSU-Ugent): Studies in Ancient Ethnography
Faculty of Literature and Philosophy Julie Boeten The Herodotos Project (OSU-UGent): Studies in Ancient Ethnography Barbarians in Strabo’s ‘Geography’ (Abii-Ionians) With a case-study: the Cappadocians Master thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master in Linguistics and Literature, Greek and Latin. 2015 Promotor: Prof. Dr. Mark Janse UGent Department of Greek Linguistics Co-Promotores: Prof. Brian Joseph Ohio State University Dr. Christopher Brown Ohio State University ACKNOWLEDGMENT In this acknowledgment I would like to thank everybody who has in some way been a part of this master thesis. First and foremost I want to thank my promotor Prof. Janse for giving me the opportunity to write my thesis in the context of the Herodotos Project, and for giving me suggestions and answering my questions. I am also grateful to Prof. Joseph and Dr. Brown, who have given Anke and me the chance to be a part of the Herodotos Project and who have consented into being our co- promotores. On a whole other level I wish to express my thanks to my parents, without whom I would not have been able to study at all. They have also supported me throughout the writing process and have read parts of the draft. Finally, I would also like to thank Kenneth, for being there for me and for correcting some passages of the thesis. Julie Boeten NEDERLANDSE SAMENVATTING Deze scriptie is geschreven in het kader van het Herodotos Project, een onderneming van de Ohio State University in samenwerking met UGent. De doelstelling van het project is het aanleggen van een databank met alle volkeren die gekend waren in de oudheid. -
Marathon 2,500 Years Edited by Christopher Carey & Michael Edwards
MARATHON 2,500 YEARS EDITED BY CHRISTOPHER CAREY & MICHAEL EDWARDS INSTITUTE OF CLASSICAL STUDIES SCHOOL OF ADVANCED STUDY UNIVERSITY OF LONDON MARATHON – 2,500 YEARS BULLETIN OF THE INSTITUTE OF CLASSICAL STUDIES SUPPLEMENT 124 DIRECTOR & GENERAL EDITOR: JOHN NORTH DIRECTOR OF PUBLICATIONS: RICHARD SIMPSON MARATHON – 2,500 YEARS PROCEEDINGS OF THE MARATHON CONFERENCE 2010 EDITED BY CHRISTOPHER CAREY & MICHAEL EDWARDS INSTITUTE OF CLASSICAL STUDIES SCHOOL OF ADVANCED STUDY UNIVERSITY OF LONDON 2013 The cover image shows Persian warriors at Ishtar Gate, from before the fourth century BC. Pergamon Museum/Vorderasiatisches Museum, Berlin. Photo Mohammed Shamma (2003). Used under CC‐BY terms. All rights reserved. This PDF edition published in 2019 First published in print in 2013 This book is published under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial- NoDerivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0) license. More information regarding CC licenses is available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ Available to download free at http://www.humanities-digital-library.org ISBN: 978-1-905670-81-9 (2019 PDF edition) DOI: 10.14296/1019.9781905670819 ISBN: 978-1-905670-52-9 (2013 paperback edition) ©2013 Institute of Classical Studies, University of London The right of contributors to be identified as the authors of the work published here has been asserted by them in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. Designed and typeset at the Institute of Classical Studies TABLE OF CONTENTS Introductory note 1 P. J. Rhodes The battle of Marathon and modern scholarship 3 Christopher Pelling Herodotus’ Marathon 23 Peter Krentz Marathon and the development of the exclusive hoplite phalanx 35 Andrej Petrovic The battle of Marathon in pre-Herodotean sources: on Marathon verse-inscriptions (IG I3 503/504; Seg Lvi 430) 45 V. -
Timeline Proposel 2013
Timeline & Games Proposal 2013 – 2016 in Greece In cooperation with Prof. Dr. Maria TZANI, Vice-President of the International Delphic Council (IDC- Berlin) for discussions with the respective Greek Ministers as well with the Greek Head of State. General Introduction Let’s meet in Greece It is the aim of the International Delphic Council to enlarge the worldwide acknowledgement of the Delphic Games of the Modern Era by restructuring the IDC in that way, that new countries have the opportunity to become a cultural hub within a region of the worldwide Delphic Games and the Delphic Movement as a whole. Summarizing the experience of the past 18 years it is of utmost importance to invite committed coun- tries protecting and strengthen (political, economical, diplomatically etc) the International Delphic Council and to support democratic development with its cultural, transparent structures. The turn around should be achieved through - moving the worldwide Delphic Head office from Germany towards Greece - establishing worldwide strong Delphic Councils at national level - the establishment of regional / continental IDC Branches, i.e. Europe, Asia, Africa, North America, South America, etc. to select appropriate and committed nations willing to set benchmarks in protecting the Delphic Games for the arts as equivalent to the Olympic Games for sports. Plans in Greece It is a target of the IDC that Greece should have a key function in the near future and that two destina- tions should be appointed in Greece for the IDC: - a larger centre in / close to Athens (reconstruction/revival of a site) - a newly constructed worldwide Delphic Centre in Delphi, at ancient times viewed as “navel of the world”, including a Temple of Fame, congress and education facilities constructed and out- lined in highest artistic architecture and art works reflecting its position as Cultural Crossroad of World Culture. -
Wave-Based Acoustic Modeling of the Epidaurus Theatre
Wave-based acoustic modeling of the Epidaurus theatre Konstantinos Kaleris, George Moiragias, Gavriil Kamaris and John Mourjopoulos Audio & Acoustic Technology Group, Electrical & Computer Engineering Department, University of Patras, Greece. Summary The acoustics of the ancient theatre of Epidaurus have been evaluated in the past via measurements and models. However, the topic still remains open especially with respect to the contributions of the specific architectural elements to the theatre's excellent acoustic performance. Here, the study focuses on 3 novel aspects for a better understanding of the theater's acoustics: (a) introduces a wave-based acoustics simulation of the Epidaurus theatre based on a flexible but simplified 3D geometric model (b) matches temporal and spectral features of measured and modeled responses, The wave model considers direct, reflected, diffracted and mixed reflection - diffraction sound paths for calculating the theatre's acoustic Impulse Response (IR) in several listening positions, from the front rows of the lower tier to the last rows of the upper tier. For exact tuning of the model, such simulated IR discrete temporal features due to the calculated sound paths are examined through time-distance matching, allowing thus direct comparison to the theatre's measured IRs and further interpretation of the effects of each of the architectural features of the theatre. In order to precisely match the simulation to measurements, the acoustic behavior of reflecting and diffracting surfaces/edges is incorporated in the model through application of special filters, developed according to the spectral characteristics of the reflection and diffraction features of the measured IRs. From the study it is deduced that sound diffraction plays a major role in the theatre's acoustics, assisting signal reception especially at the distant positions. -
The Annual of the British School at Athens A
The Annual of the British School at Athens http://journals.cambridge.org/ATH Additional services for The Annual of the British School at Athens: Email alerts: Click here Subscriptions: Click here Commercial reprints: Click here Terms of use : Click here A Visit to Cyrene in 1895 Herbert Weld-Blundell The Annual of the British School at Athens / Volume 2 / November 1896, pp 113 - 140 DOI: 10.1017/S0068245400007115, Published online: 18 October 2013 Link to this article: http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0068245400007115 How to cite this article: Herbert Weld-Blundell (1896). A Visit to Cyrene in 1895. The Annual of the British School at Athens, 2, pp 113-140 doi:10.1017/S0068245400007115 Request Permissions : Click here Downloaded from http://journals.cambridge.org/ATH, IP address: 131.173.48.20 on 15 Apr 2015 ' itfS i^>- tv lli-JOTb. V**»-iJ IhUS ntt < POINTS'Si/HEHCEl PHOTMOHAPMS ARE British School at Athens, Annual II. PLATE IV. RUINS OF CYRENE: GENERAL PLAN. A VISIT TO CYRENE IN 1895. A VISIT TO CYRENE IN 1895. BY HERBERT WELD-BLUNDELL. PLATE IV. THE difficulties that hedged round the Garden of the Hes- perides in the Greek seem still destined to make the Cyrenaica, a country to which the eyes of archaeologists have so wistfully turned, almost as inaccessible to the modern traveller as to the heroes of ancient fable. The classic maidens have vanished, the Garden is some- what run to seed, but the dragon of early legend is there, in the person of the native official who guards the historical treasures that lie strewn over the rich sites of the Pentapolis, stately tombs that worthless Arabs kennel in or plunder for statues and vases, to be peddled to Maltese or Greeks for (literally) home consumption or foreign export.