Ethnic Minority Development Action Plan

World Bank Loan Project

Public Disclosure Authorized

World Bank Loan’s Poverty Relief Route Project of Huaishuguan River of Linxia County

Public Disclosure Authorized The Ethnic Minority Development Action Plan

Public Disclosure Authorized

Executive Office of Infrastructure Project of Overall Urban-Rural

Development of Linxia Public Disclosure Authorized

Gansu Haoxiang Environmental Technology Development Co.

April, 2018

Ethnic Minority Development Action Plan

Catalogue

ChapterⅠ Preface ...... 3

1.1 The Background of Project ...... 3

1.2 The Project Overview ...... 4

1.3 The Purpose of Minority Development Action Plan ...... 5

1.4 The Project Goals for Minority Development ...... 6

1.5 Research Methods ...... 6

Chapter II The Overview of Ethnic Minorities in the Project Area ...... 7

2.1 The Situation of Ethnic Minorities in the Project Area ...... 7

Han nationality ...... 9

Ethnic minority ...... 9

2.2 The Religious Beliefs and Cultural Characteristics of Ethnic Minorities 9

2.3 The Socioeconomic Profiles of Ethnic Minorities in the Project Area .. 12

2.4 The Current Ethnic Minority Policy Framework ...... 16

Chapter Ⅲ The Summary of Social Assessment ...... 20

3.1 The Goals, Methods and Process of Social Evaluation ...... 20

3.2 The Influence Analysis of the Project on Ethnic Minorities ...... 24

3.3 Social Gender and Development ...... 27

3.4 Main Suggestions for Social Evaluation ...... 30

Chapter IV The Public Consultation on the Participation of Ethnic Minorities .. 32

4.1 The Early Participation Process of Minority Communities ...... 32

4.2 The Minority Community Participation ...... 34

4.3 The Participation Plan during the Project Implementation ...... 34

4.4 The Complaint Mechanism ...... 35

Chapter V The Action Plan for the Development of Ethnic Minorities ...... 37

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5.1 The Measures to Safeguard the Rights and Interests of Ethnic Minorities37

5.2 The Implementation Organization and Time Schedule ...... 39

Chapter VI The Monitoring and Evaluation ...... 48

Appendix 1: Detailed table of the direct acceptance of the project area to the affected ethnic minority population ...... 50

Appendix 2 : The current policy framework for ethnic minorities ...... 51

Appendix 3 : The List of Participation Plans During Project Implementation .... 55

Appendix 4 : Some photos of the field survey ...... 58

2 Ethnic Minority Development Action Plan

ChapterⅠ Preface

1.1 The Background of Project

Linxia County is one of the regions inhabited by ethnic groups as well as the areas in Gansu province that has been underdeveloped for a long time. It is well-known for its unique characteristics as ethnic border areas, ecologically vulnerable areas and poverty-stricken area, which results in its underdevelopment of entirety and comprehensiveness. It is the reason that the party and the government have put a new premium on Linxia County. The Gansu Provincial and the provincial government also have issued the Several Opinions on Supporting Economic and Social Development in Linxia Region to Realize a Leap-Forward Development, giving Linxia the key support for poverty alleviation and priority for development. Linxia County has been restricted by geographical location and natural characteristics for a long time, leading to its poor construction of transportation infrastructure facilities which is badly lagged behind. In particular, the quality of traffic roads leading to remote mountainous areas in the county is terrible, and its availability is not enough either. In recent years, with the gradual implementation of the “The New Silk Road Economic Belt” promoted by the Chinese government and the implementation of the traffic breakthrough action in the Gansu section of the New Silk Road Economic Belt in Linxia, the economic and social development of the county and its districts is at a new a higher starting point due to its unique geographical advantages and the implementation of multi-layered policies. On August 26, 2016, the Sixth Session of the Sixteenth People’s Congress of Linxia County was convened and officially passed the “13th Five-Year Plan” Outline for the National Economic and Social Development of Linxia County (2016-2020). The "Outline" clearly points out that it is necessary to strengthen the infrastructure construction and earnestly improve the development momentum. Based on this, in order to improve the infrastructure conditions in Linxia County, Gansu Province, Linxia County applied for a loan from the World Bank for the construction of the Huaishuguan River poverty alleviation project at Yushu, Linxia

3 Ethnic Minority Development Action Plan

County. The project aims to connect the functions of urban area with its of rural areas organically, to improve the regional traffic conditions in the townships around the county, to promote the development and utilization of land around the road, to increase the radiation effect of the economic central city, to exploit the advantages of Linxia County to the full, and eventually leads to a comprehensive development of regional socioeconomics. According to the feasibility study report (FSR) of the project, the total investment of the World Bank to finance infrastructure project for urban and rural development in Linxia County is 158.621 million yuan, including 10 million U.S. dollars for the World Bank loan, equivalent to 68 million yuan, accounting for 42% of the total investment, and 92.621708 million yuan for local matching, which accounts for 58% of the total investment. 1.2 The Project Overview

The project is located in the place which is about 406 meters from north of Yintan Hydropower Station. AK0~AK0+700 sections are routed from north to south along the east bank of the Huaishuguan River. AK0+780~AK4+360 are routed along the west bank of the Huaishuguan River. AK4+560~AK13+180 segment was routed along the eastern bank of the Huaishuguan River, and the end point was located along the south bank of the Daxia River in Yinji Town, Linxia County, followed by the Maoniu Road. The technical standards of the secondary road, is 60km/h, and the total length of the route is 13.6km. After the project is completed, it will rely on the road network structure composed of high-grade highways such as Linhe Expressway (S2 line), G213 line, Hezhou Avenue, and Maoniu Road, attracting large volumes of traffic to this road with higher traffic capacity and service levels. The construction of the highway will not only improve the traffic conditions which are leading to Yinji Town and Linxia City in the southern mountainous area of Linxia County, but also upgrade the grades of highways in the south of Linxia County. It has played an irreplaceable role in changing the traffic conditions in the mountainous areas and accelerating the economic development of towns and villages. At the same time, it plays an important role in promoting the integration of urban and rural development in Linxia County by breaking the boundaries between urban and rural areas, paying

4 Ethnic Minority Development Action Plan more attention to rural areas, caring for farmers, supporting agriculture, achieving common urban and rural prosperity. The project construction diagram is shown in Figure 1-1.

Figure 1-1 Geographical Position Map of Construction Project

1.3 The Purpose of Minority Development Action Plan

The purpose of compiling the Linxia County Ethnic Minority Development Action Plan is to promote the participation of ethnic minorities in the preparation and implementation of the project, to ensure that ethnic minorities can benefit enough from the project, and to improve the poverty situation of the minority population at the same time as much as possible. In addition, it can reduce the negative influence of

5 Ethnic Minority Development Action Plan the project. The Ethnic Minority Development Action Plan will clarify the demographic, social and cultural characteristics of ethnic minority groups in the project area, project needs of ethnic minorities groups, influence of the project on ethnic minority groups, and measures to ensure the fair benefit of minority groups and mitigate any adverse influences, etc. There many measures including improvement of living standards, poverty alleviation, protection of the culture and traditions of ethnic minorities, support of the vulnerable groups, and proposals for mitigating the negative influences. 1.4 The Project Goals for Minority Development

The direct beneficiaries of this project are people from 2 townships/towns (Yinji, Diaoqi) in Linxia County and 7 administrative villages. The total population of these areas is 26,000, among which the minority population accounts for 32.6%. Meanwhile, the population affected by land requisition and removal in the project is 1,843, of which 633 are ethnic minorities, accounting for 33.8% of the total population affected by the project. The development goals of ethnic minorities in this project are: (1) Provide information on all relevant projects in a manner that consistent with the traditional culture and customs of ethnic minorities in the project area, conduct communication and consultation adequately, analyze and respect what they need. (2) Integrate the needs of ethnic minorities into the project design to realize the goals of the project. (3) By taking measures and actions to reduce the potential negative influences and social risks of the project on ethnic minority groups. Moreover, ethnic minority groups will adopt ways and methods acceptable to them to enhance the opportunities for ethnic minorities to benefit from the project. 1.5 Research Methods

For the compiling of ethnic minority development plans, the project office, ethnic minority development planning team, and social assessment investigation team have conducted a series of public participation activities from July 14 to July 23, 2017. They have investigated 100 families (effective questionnaires are 100) including 49 of

6 Ethnic Minority Development Action Plan ethnic minorities, accounting for 32.6%. They also have carried out group focus meetings related village-level topics of the project for 6 times with 105 participants in total. They have conducted depth interviews with residents who are living in the project area (including 6 ethnic minority and 6 females) for 12 person-times. Otherwise, they also have conducted six seminars, with some stakeholders who come from different departments of municipal government on the potential influences, the risks reduction and the correspondent recommendations of the project.

Chapter II The Overview of Ethnic Minorities in the Project Area

It has been analyzed and elaborated in the social assessment report including the population, socio-cultural characteristics and economic profile of ethnic minority groups in the project area (refer to Chapter 4 of the Social Assessment Report for details). So this section is no longer stated in detail but only makes a brief introduction. 2.1 The Situation of Ethnic Minorities in the Project Area 2.1.1 The Profile of Ethnic Minorities in the Project Area At the end of 2015, the total population of Linxia County was approximately 395,000, of which 356,092 were agricultural population accounting for 90.15%. There are 229,693 of the Han nationality, 130,429 of the Hui nationality, 31,995 of the Dongxiang nationality, 1,106 of the Salar nationality, respectively accounting for 58.15%, 33.02%, 8.1%, 0.28%, and 1,700 other ethnic groups accounting for 0.45% (See Table 2-1).

Table 2-1 The Population and Ethnic Composition of the Project Area (Unit: Ten

thousand persons, %) Other Ethnic Han Hui Dongxiang Salars Total Groups Popul Region Popu Popu Popu Popu Popu - Rati Rati Rati - Ratio - Ratio - - - ation o o o lation lation lation lation lation

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Linxia 58.2 33.0 39.5 22.9 13.0 3.2 8.10 0.11 0.28 0.17 0.45 Count 1 2 y Project 1.54 1.04 68.3 0.41 26.6 0.06 3.8 0.01 0.1 0.02 0.3 area

Note: Sources: Linxia Statistics Manual (2015), Linxia County National Economic Statistics

(2015), and socio-economic survey. (2) Project Area The Linxia Huaishuguan River Poverty Alleviation Passage Construction Project has a direct influence on 7 village groups in two townships of Yinji and Diaoqi in Linxia County. The number of directly affected people is 26,000 including 8,000 ethnic minorities. 2.1.2 The Project Influence of the Ethnic Minorities Situation The Linxia County Huaishuguan River Poverty Alleviation Passage Project has a direct influence on the ethnic minority population of 26,000 people. Among them, most of the ethnic minorities are Hui, which are mainly distributed in Yinji Village, Xinzhai Village of Yinji Town and Zhuanzui Village of Diaoqi Township. The other village groups have only a few ethnic minorities such as Tibetans and Dongxiang. The affected region by this project concentrates on the areas where ethnic minorities live and has a great influence on ethnic minorities, especially the Hui nationality. After the deep investigation and identification, the social assessment team confirms that the Hui nationality meets the OP4.10 principles of the World Bank. The influence of ethnic minorities is as follows: There are 1,758 people affected by the land requisition in this project. Among them, 538 people are ethnic minorities accounting for 30.6% of the total affected population. The number of households to be removed in this project is 13, all of them are ethnic minorities (Hui nationality), and the affected population is 85 people. Ethnic minorities affected by land requisition and removal in this project sum to 276 people accounting for 33.8% of the total affected population (See Table 2-2).

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Table 2-2 The Minority Population Affected by land requisition and removal Impact type Ethnic minority Han Towns Land Village nationality The Dong hip requi Rem Total Hui Tibetan Salar xiang Others sition oval Diaoqi Zhuanzui 0 85 0 85 85 0 0 0 0 town Village Yinji Yinji 132 0 92 40 40 0 0 0 0 town Village Yinji Xinzhai 748 0 519 229 220 0 2 5 0 town Village Yinji Datan 295 0 205 90 81 2 0 7 0 town Village Yinji Kajiatan 196 0 136 60 54 2 2 2 town Village Yinji Xinfa 80 0 56 24 20 2 1 1 0 town Village

Yinji Datanjian 307 0 213 94 94 0 0 0 0 town Village

Total 1758 85 1220 538 597 6 5 15 2.2 The Religious Beliefs and Cultural Characteristics of Ethnic

Minorities

(1) Hui ①The Hui nationality inhabits here for generations and the characteristic of its dress is obvious. The ancestors of the Hui in the project area migrated from the Western Regions mainly due to missionary and commercial activities. There are 3,542 Hui people in the project affected area, accounting for 22.7% and mainly concentrated in Xinzhai Village, Yinji Village and Zhuanzui Village in Diaoqii Township. Most Hui men wear white shirts, green jackets and white dome cap. Women generally wear hijab. The special ethnic costumes make them distinct from the ordinary Han residents, and highlight the national costumes, so that people can distinguish the Hui residents at a glance. Hui costumes have also become a symbol of mutual recognition among the Hui nationality residents. Relative to other ethnic minorities in the project area, Hui people have frequent culture exchanges with Han people because of the use of Chinese. In addition, they

9 Ethnic Minority Development Action Plan are good at doing business and have a relatively high level of education. Therefore, Hui people have active ideology, strong market consciousness and there is a higher level of social and economic development. ②All people believe in Islam. In the three villages of Hui people living in the area for generations, all of them believe in Islam. Every village where the Hui people live has at least one mosque, and there will be two more. The village men need to go to the temple for five times a day during their free time. Women are also praying on time every day at home. The mosque is not only a religious place, but also an important place for communicating information and discussing social affairs. ③In the Linxia project area, Hui residents have their own unique traditional culture and economic life style, which makes them clearly distinguish from residents of other ethnic groups. For example, Hui people mainly engage in intermarriage within their own ethnic groups. If they marry other nationalities people, they must be converted in Islam and accept the Hui’s etiquette and customs. The women of the Hui nationality generally marry earlier and the marriage age is between 16 and 19. The division of labor in the family after marriage is mainly “Male master outside, female master inside” and the wife obeys her husband. From economic aspect, Hui people advocate business, Linxia county’s Hui nationality engage in catering services based on “Lanzhou hard-pulled noodles” throughout the whole country, and one-fourth of the labor force open Lanzhou hard-pulled noodles restaurants in other places, form a distinctive “hard-pulled noodles economy”, and their incomes account for about 50% of the total in local farmers' families. ④Hui language. The Hui ethnic group in Linxia still retains some of its own language and writing, and about 20% of the Hui people still use the original language-Arabic. The imams in the Hui nationality speak their own religious language—Arab language. ⑤Unique festival culture and architectural styles. As the Hui people believe in Islam, the festivals of the Hui mainly include Eid al-Fitr, Gurben Festival and Mohammed's Birthday. The Hui people live in clusters. The houses of the Hui are mainly flat-topped buildings and quadrangle courtyard. In the courtyard, they like to plant flowers and vegetables. In front of the eaves, there are various kinds of exquisite

10 Ethnic Minority Development Action Plan designs. The middle of house structure is the main room with the bedrooms protruding from both sides. The house is equipped inside with new furniture and many Arabic calligraphy and landscape bars hang on the wall. ⑥Planting habits. Agriculture is very important to the Hui people and plays a role in grassroots protection. In terms of agricultural planting, the Hui people are good at facing the market and adjusting the planting structure. The majority of the Hui people think that “What is easy to sell and the price is high, just plant it.”. Relatively speaking, the Hui people pay more attention to intensive cultivation, and have higher skills and techniques in vegetable and fruit cultivation. However, due to the poor traffic conditions, fruits and vegetables cannot be sold at ideal market prices. (2) Dongxiang The Dongxiang nationality was formed by the integration of many ethnic minorities living in Dongxiang in the middle of the 14th century. The main components of its ethnic origin are Semu people and Mongolians who believe in Islam. The Dongxiang minority is a nation without words. The social evaluation team has learned from the survey that people who mastered the Dongxiang language in the 1950s accounted for about 40%, but now it is only 1.8%, especially less women or teenagers grasp it. At present, due to the absence of its own characters, the phenomenon of inheritance fault is more prominent so that it makes Donxiang language endangered. The Dongxiang language remains only in oral language such as folk songs and legends. Inheritance through unstable word-of-mouth communication has made it difficult for the ethnic language to effectively maintain since the old people who master this language have grown older and older. Since the Dongxiang people of Linxia County share the same beliefs with the Hui and have lived together for a long time, they tend to be consistent in terms of the Wedding and funeral customs, eating habits and housing structure, with almost no significant differences. (3) Salars Salars in Linxia County also believe in Islam. However, unlike the Hui, the Salar has its own language. Its language is used mainly in daily life and modern vocabulary

11 Ethnic Minority Development Action Plan quotes heavily from Chinese because there are no native characters. In terms of religious beliefs, Salars and the Hui people in the mixed areas share mosques. Compared to other ethnic groups, Salars is more dependent on agriculture, both historically and at present. Since the Salar, Hui, and Dongxiang people in Linxia County are all Islamic and have common cultural origins, they have no significant differences in the customs of marriage and funeral, eating habits and housing structure. (4) The integration of various ethnic groups The three main ethnic minorities in the history is inseparable relationship. The Hui, Dongxiang, Salars are Muslims, influenced by the Islamic concept of “all Muslims in the world are brothers”. They marry each other, use mosques together, participate in religious activities, and the relationship has always been harmonious. Based on the same religious beliefs, they have little difference in marriage and burial customs, eating habits etc., and there are more intermarriages, mutual help and harmonious coexistence. 2.3 The Socioeconomic Profiles of Ethnic Minorities in the

Project Area 2.3.1 Economic Status Linxia County is in the middle of Gansu Province, southwest of Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture, and south bank of Yellow River. Linxia City, Dongxiang County and Hezheng County border Linxia county in the east. Taizishan and Gannan Prefecture, and Xiahe County border it in the south. In the northwest it is connected with Jishishan County and Xunhua County in Qinghai Province, and in the north it faces Yongjing County across the river. The county is 53.1 kilometers from east to west, 59.85 kilometers from north to south, and has a total area of 1212.4 square kilometers. The physiognomy of the county is mainly composed of half the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and half the loess plateau, more ravines, loess tableland and river. The terrain is lower in the northeast, higher in the southwest, and between 1,735 and 4,636 meters above sea level. It has jurisdiction over 19 townships, 6 towns, 219 administrative villages, 2,099 villager groups, 2 neighborhood committees, and 11

12 Ethnic Minority Development Action Plan residents groups. At the end of the year, there were 373,371.4 mu of cultivated land, equivalent to 24,890 hectares. In 2012, the total population in the county is 389,800, of which the agricultural population is 355,300 accounting for 91.15%, and the Han population is 227,200 accounting for 58.29%. By the end of 2015, Linxia County's GDP reached 3.263 billion yuan, with an average annual growth of 16.11% and fiscal revenue reached 222 million yuan (large diameter) with an average annual increase of 33.18%. Among them, the budget revenue of public finance was 148 million yuan, fixed asset investment was 3,008 million yuan, and the total retail value of social consumer goods was 698 million yuan, respectively with an average annual growth rate of 34.49%, 26.11% and 18.11%. The proportion of the three major industries was adjusted from 29.81:23.19:47 in 2010 to 22.23:15.22:62.55. Compared with 2010, the proportion of value added in the primary industry decreased by 7.58 percentage points, and that in the tertiary industry increased by 15.55 percentage points. The proportion of public and non-public economies was adjusted from 48.73:51.27 to 43.09:56.91. The proportion of agricultural added value in agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, fishery, and service industries was adjusted from 58.15:10.24:30.33:0.12:1.16 to 66.87:2.3:29.29:0.11:1.43. The proportion of grain, warp and forage in crop planting area was adjusted from 80.64:11.53:7.83 to 74.7:20.52:4.78. The income ratio of urban and rural residents was adjusted from 3.90:1 to 3.01:1.

Table 2-1 Social and Economic Conditions of Linxia County in Affected Area (2015)

Indicators Linxia County

Total Population (ten thousand people) 39.5

Han people (ten thousand people） 22.9

Hui (ten thousand people) 13.0

Population Non-agricultural population (ten 3.8 thousand people)

Number of Rural Labor Resources (ten 35.7 thousand people)

Total area of cultivated land (thousand Cultivated land 24.89 hectares)

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Paddy field (thousand hectares) /

The dry land (thousand hectares) 24.89

Other (thousand hectares) /

Grain production (10,000 tons) 14.50

Output value (100 7.26 First industry million yuan)

Specific gravity （%） 22.2

output value (100 Second 4.96 Production value million yuan) industry Specific gravity (%) 15.2

output value (100 Tertiary 20.41 million yuan) industry Specific gravity (%) 62.5

Per capita GDP (yuan) 9712.4

Income Per capita net income of rural residents 5474 (yuan)

2.3.2 Education Status Through field surveys and in-depth interviews, the social assessment team find that it is lack of regional school age education and fewer kindergartens in the project area of Linxia County. Ethnic minorities attach insufficient importance to the education of their children, especially girls, so women are less educated. This is based on the fact that the educational concept of ethnic minorities is lagging behind. They think that girls will marry sooner or later, and lots of Islam limits on women’s lifestyles restrict the development of local women’s education. On the other hand, the project's backward education infrastructure and insufficient teacher resources are also important factors which lead to an unpredictable education situation in turn. In addition, the concept of "school uselessness theory" is prevalent in the region. Many ethnic minority people think that there is no use in school. Even if they go to school and graduate, they cannot find a good job and earn money. It's better to go out early to work and earn money. So the phenomenon of school dropouts at school age is more

14 Ethnic Minority Development Action Plan serious and the education level of the population is relatively low. The overall education situation of the project area residents is not significantly different from the average level of Linxia County, compared with the whole country, the proportion of the primary and secondary schools is obviously higher, but the proportion of junior middle school and above is obviously lower. The facts support the truth that the education in the project area is not optimistic (See Table 2-2).

Table 2-2 Education Status of the Population in the Country, Linxia County and the

Project Area (Unit: %)

Area No school Primary school Junior high school High school and above

Nationwide 4.0 29.0 42.0 25.0

Linxia County 4.45 57.8 25.3 12.45

Project area 4.2 33.0 48.8 14.0 On the other hand, according to the statistical results of the survey conducted by the social evaluation team, the education level of Han in the region is better than that of ethnic minorities, especially in the proportion of education in high school and above. There is little difference in the status of receiving cultural education among ethnic groups (See Table 2-3).

Table 2-3 The Education Level of Han Nationality and Ethnic Minorities (Unit: %) Area No school Primary school Junior high school High school and above The Han 4.8 49.6 19.8 25.8 nationality The Hui 7.2 56.9 24.2 11.7 nationality Dongxiang 8.9 53.4 29.0 8.4 The Salar 33.3 45.8 15.0 5.9 2.3.3 Poverty Conditions Overall, the incidence of poverty among Hui people in the proposed project area is similar to that of the Han nationality. The poverty incidence rates are 45.2% and 46.4% respectively. The poverty incidence rate of the Hui is slightly lower than the Han. It can be explained by the Hui business culture. Meanwhile, the economy of hand-pulled noodles is also an important source of income for the local Hui family. The causes of the poverty of ethnic minorities in the project area are as follows: ①Poor natural conditions, fragile ecological environment and scarce

15 Ethnic Minority Development Action Plan precipitation. ②The rural surplus labor force cannot transfer to non-agricultural industries and restrict the improvement of income level . ③Poor infrastructure conditions, especially the low grade and serious damage of transportation infrastructure, restrict the export of agricultural and sideline products and the exchange of information and culture with the outside world. ④Cultural education is backward and thoughts are blocked. 2.3.4 Transportation Traffic conditions often have an impact on people’s daily life. According to the survey, the top three types of daily travel among the Hui sample families are: riding motorcycles (52.8%), taking a bus or a rural-urban bus (17.1%) and walking (14.1%). For other ethnic minority sample families, the top three daily travel modes are about the same as Hui people. According to the data obtained from field interviews and baseline surveys, the percentage of residents in the project area using public buses or urban-rural regular buses is less than 20%. The main reason is that the bus and commuter car are mainly operated at a fixed line between the township and the county. Affected by the poor road condition between towns, there are fewer bus lines and fewer public transport vehicles. Even if there are public transport lines in some places, the fares are relatively expensive and there are fewer bus services. Passengers have to walk to the station and wait for too long time. As a result, some villagers in the proposed project area choose to travel by motorcycle or bicycle or on foot in their daily travel, and the proportion of motorcycle travel is obviously higher. 2.4 The Current Ethnic Minority Policy Framework

The compilation of ethnic minority development plans for this project is based on the relevant laws and regulations of the People's Republic of China, the relevant regulations of the Gansu Provincial Government, the World Bank’s ethnic minority policies (OP4.10、BP4.10) and involuntary immigration policies (OP4.12、BP4.12) and so on. The main policies include relevant laws and regulations in China, relevant regulations in Gansu Province, national support policies, regional development plans for Gansu Province, Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture and Linxia County, and the

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Bank's ethnic minority policies (OP4.10、BP4.10). The specific policy framework and main content are shown in the appendixes. The World Bank's ethnic minority policy aims to ensure that the project development process fully respects the dignity, power, economy and culture of ethnic minorities. The main policy content includes: (1)The bank recognizes that the identity and culture of ethnic minorities is always inextricably linked to the land they live on and the natural resources they depend on. These special situations put minorities in different types of risks and different degrees of influence brought by development projects, such as the loss of ethnic characteristics, culture, traditional livelihoods and disease attacks. Gender and inter-generation issues in ethnic minorities are also complex. As a social group whose characteristics are significantly different from mainstream social groups, ethnic minorities are the most marginalized and most vulnerable groups in the local population. At the same time, the World Bank also recognizes that ethnic minorities play a crucial role in sustainable development, domestic and international laws have increasingly focused on protecting their rights and interests. (2) Measures taken by World Bank funded projects include: a) avoiding potential negative impacts on ethnic communities, or b) if inevitable, minimizing or mitigating these impacts, or compensating for these effects. The bank-funded project aims to ensure that ethnic minorities can achieve social and economic benefits with culture, gender and inter-generational inclusiveness. (3) If the project affects ethnic minorities, the team must assist the borrower in conducting the prior unrestricted, fully informed consultation with the affected communities over the project period. At all stages of project preparation and implementation, the information on all relevant projects is provided to ethnic minority communities in a manner consistent with the cultural habits of ethnic minorities. Based on the results of social assessment and the prior unrestricted, fully informed consultation, it was determined whether the affected ethnic minority communities provided extensive support for the project. (4) The Formulation of the Action Plan for the development of ethnic minorities should be flexible and pragmatic. As required, the plan includes the following

17 Ethnic Minority Development Action Plan elements: the legal and institutional framework applicable to national minorities, the affected population of minority community, social, cultural and political characteristics, the land and demesne traditionally used or occupied by ethnic minorities and natural resources information, the summary of social evaluation, the results of the prior unrestricted and fully informed consultation with minority communities during the preparation period of the project, the framework for the prior unrestricted, fully informed consultation with the affected ethnic minority communities, the action plan and measures to ensure that minorities receive social and economic benefits in accordance with their cultures, the compensation measures to avoid, minimize, mitigate the potential negative impacts on ethnic minorities after confirmed, the cost estimation and financing plans, the procedures suitable for handling complaints of ethnic minority communities arising from the implementation of the project, the monitoring, evaluation, reporting mechanism and indicator system suitable for the execution of the project's ethnic minority plan. The policies and regulations concerning ethnic minorities in China and the World Bank’s concern for ethnic minorities are the same: they fully respect the dignity, power, economy and culture of ethnic minorities. They pay attention not only to the equality and development of ethnic minorities, but also to the development of economic, social and cultural undertakings, for safeguarding the rights and interests of ethnic minorities and promoting the improvement of social and economic status of ethnic minorities. Both Chinese policies and World Bank policies focus on public participation, consultation and action plans for minority communities. At various stages of the project preparation, implementation and monitoring, we actively provide information in the way that meets the cultural habits of ethnic minorities, listen to their opinions and expectations, and obtain extensive support from minority communities. This requires attention to public participation throughout the project cycle, especially for vulnerable groups such as women and the poor, so as to ensure that they can benefit from the project. Both China's policy and the World Bank’s policy emphasize that the affected minorities can obtain the social and economic benefits in line with the cultural habit

18 Ethnic Minority Development Action Plan by taking a series of measures so as to avoid, relieve and maximum potential negative impact on them.

19 Ethnic Minority Development Action Plan Chapter Ⅲ The Summary of Social Assessment

The construction of the poverty alleviation project of Huaishuguan River in Linxia county is aimed at promoting the process of urban and rural integration, accelerating the construction of new urban district and the new socialist countryside in Linxia, supporting the development of the center of county, reinforcing infrastructure constructions and speeding up the achievement of the well-off society, so that the people's living standard can be improved significantly. It is embodied in the following points: extending the urban infrastructure and public services to rural areas, transferring urban industries to rural areas, radiating urban modern civilization to rural areas, facilitating the flows of production factors between urban and rural areas, building Linxia county into a logistics center for Tibetan areas、an ecological security barrier in the upper reaches of the Yellow River、an producing area of Muslim food and national special supplies for Gansu province as well as the Lanzhou metropolitan area and the tourist zone of the Hui Muslim and Tibetan. The construction of this project will promote Linxia County to be the demonstration area of the national unity and the co-prosperity of all ethnic groups in the province. 3.1 The Goals, Methods and Process of Social Evaluation 3.1.1 The Goals of Social Assessment The purpose of the project’s social value appraisal is to understand the expectations and needs of the related groups that affect the activities of the project or the activities affected through a thorough and systematic investigation and research, and help the project office to adopt a series of methods and measures in the design and implementation of the project so as to ensure the extensive knowledge of the relevant groups in the project. Especially the poor, minority, women or other groups who are more likely to be ignored, and then the broad support of individuals and groups that may be directly affected by the project activities, to enhance the opportunities for the relevant groups to benefit from the project, and to avoid or mitigate the negative effects, ensuring the realization of project goals and the achievement of the social benefits of this project. Additional, this action could lay the foundation for the implementation of the project and subsequent project monitoring

20 Ethnic Minority Development Action Plan and evaluation. 3.1.2 The Methods of Social Assessment The methods of social assessment in the project are as follows: (1)Literature review: we could understand the general situation of the project and the social and economic development of the project area through consulting the project proposal, research report, statistical yearbook, rural economic and social statistics annual report, "13th Five-Year" national economic development plan, the annual summary report and the training activities summary report of the State Administration of Religious Affairs , civil affairs bureau, Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Bureau, Women's Federation and Poverty Alleviation Office and so on. (2)Questionnaire survey: the direct influence of project construction covers 7 administrative villages of 2 villages. The questionnaire survey comprehensively considers the geographical location of the road, the surrounding environment, the population size of the residents in the direct influence area, and the distance from the nearest community / village to the project. We focused on 6 communities / villages to carry out the residents' questionnaire. A total of 100 questionnaires were distributed and 100 valid questionnaires were collected, accounting for 100% of the total number of questionnaires. The content of the questionnaire is to understand the trip mode of the residents (including women, different economic conditions and different ethnic groups), the evaluation of the current traffic conditions, and the opinions on the problems and improvement in the surrounding traffic conditions, and to understand their support to the project and their needs. (3)Focus-group meeting: 17 related organizations and departments, such as the Linxia County World Bank Project Office, the Poverty Alleviation Office, the State Administration of Religious Affairs, Women's Federation at the county level, the traffic and Transportation Administration Bureau and the police brigade of the Public Security Bureau, convened a symposium on the participation of the officers and the relevant personnel, and searched the baseline data closely related to the project. Specific to the villages and towns involved in road construction, 7 villages / communities, such as the Datan village of Yinji town and the Xinfa village, have carried out 7 focal point group symposiums on the general residents (the proportion of

21 Ethnic Minority Development Action Plan women not less than 30%), the elderly and the disadvantaged groups (including the minority, the poor, the low-income residents and the disabled), and the detailed understanding the influence of the project on them, as well as their views and suggestions on traffic status, traffic management and traffic safety. (4)In-depth interview: a total of 7 community / village collectives were studied in the field, and 14 depth interviews were conducted (of which 6 were women, accounting for 42.8%, 3 of the poor, accounting for 21.4%; 7 of ethnic minorities, and accounting for 50%). We mainly attempt to understand the production and living conditions of residents in the project area, the influence of the project on them and their attitudes or opinions on project design meeting and implementation. (5)Key information interview: the organization interview at the state / county level mainly aimed at the traffic and Transportation Administration Bureau, the traffic police team, the county women's Federation, the Poverty Alleviation Office and the State Administration of Religious Affairs. In the community and village level, 6 key information interviews were carried out with the community / village committee leaders and the villagers' representatives. We intended to understand their opinions and suggestions on the project and focus on their suggestions of the way to optimize the project through the social action plan. 3.1.3 The Process of Social Assessment The aim of this social evaluation is to help the project determinate stakeholders to prioritize the social factors and problems related to the project, such as poverty, vulnerability, fairness, nationality and gender, and to establish a participatory social evaluation process. The social evaluation process of this project has gone through several steps, such as preliminary preparation, field investigation, analysis of data, compilation and revision of social evaluation reports. The detailed process of social evaluation is shown in Figure 3-1.

22 Ethnic Minority Development Action Plan

Learn about the project

Refer to the project-related data and the socioeconomic data in the project area and the results of previous public participation Preliminary preparation Formulate the survey work outline (including questionnaire, interview outline) and social evaluation work manual

Organize investigators and conduct investigation training

Fully discuss with the project office to further understand the scope of the project area Survey the route of the project, determine the survey site and adjust the investigation plan

Field Discuss the impact of the project with township cadres and investigation determine the specific time for surveying villages (communities) and survey implementation

Enter the village (community) and hold focus-group meeting, in-depth interviews and questionnaire survey

Interviews with residents, shops, businesses, etc. on both sides of important sections of land requisition and removal due to expansion of roads

Interviews with passenger and freight companies and related government staff

The questionnaire is analyzed with SPSS statistical software Analysis of data Interviews and discussion data are entered into computers and classified Compilation of reports PRA chart sorting

Revision of Communicate with project stakeholders and solicit reports opinions, revise social assessment report

Figure 3-1 The social evaluation work process of the project

23 Ethnic Minority Development Action Plan

3.2 The Influence Analysis of the Project on Ethnic Minorities

The results of the social evaluation survey showed that 98% of the ethnic minorities were investigated to support the construction of the project, and the proportion of the people willing to cooperate with the government facilities has reached 90%. The social evaluation group, based on the questionnaire survey, the household interview, the forum, the interview of the key people, the stakeholder talk and so on, uses the qualitative analysis method and the simple frequency statistics analysis to find the positive influence and potential risk of the proposed project on minority groups mainly manifested in the following aspects. 3.2.1 Positive Effect ⑴Improving traffic efficiency and alleviating traffic congestion The implementation of the proposed project will not only improve the traffic conditions to Yinji Town and the southern mountainous areas of Linxia County, but also upgrade the highway in the southern mountainous area of Linxia County, which has played an indispensable role in changing the traffic conditions in the mountain areas and accelerating the development of the township economy. At the same time, it has an important role in breaking the boundary between urban and rural areas, paying more attention to the rural areas, caring for farmers, supporting agriculture, realizing the common prosperity of urban and rural areas, and achieving the integration and development of urban and rural areas in Linxia County, promoting the development of urban and rural integration, especially in Linxia county to eliminate poverty and backwardness, to remove the hats in the poverty-stricken counties of minority areas and it will be of great significance to actualize the construction of a well-off society in a synchronous way with the whole country. In addition, the uneven road in the southern mountain area of Linxia County and the problem of water accumulation on the road also cause residents to travel inconveniently to some extent. Most of the existing roads are un-surfaced roads, and residents get caught in the rain and snow. The implementation of the traffic environment improvement project can improve the traffic congestion and road subsidence of some sections of the southern mountainous area of Linxia County, ensure the normal traffic of vehicles and pedestrians and improve the travel

24 Ethnic Minority Development Action Plan environment of the residents in the project area where minority nationalities are the main body. (2)Improving the ancillary facilities of roads, optimizing the traffic conditions and ensuring residents' travel safety According to the interview results of the traffic police brigade by field investigation, the problems in the traffic conditions of the project area are followed:

Interview 1: an interview with the director of the Datan Village

The traffic to the county town is poor: the un-surfaced road is the main way. In rainy days it is muddy and difficult to walk, while the dust is flying in the sunny day. I

hope the project will carry out quickly and improve the traffic conditions of the project

area.

①Transportation is a mixture of motor vehicles and non-motor vehicles. ②Traffic management facilities and road ancillary facilities are not perfect, and road traffic is disordered. ③the safety of traffic participants cannot be guaranteed effectively because of the poor road traffic condition and disordered traffic organization.. According to the results of social economic survey (household interviews), residents in the project area have showed more concerns because of the lack of ancillary safety facilities. Its main requirements are as follows: setting up the road attached facilities such as the zebra line, the deceleration belt, and the safety warning signs and so on, to improve the safety awareness of the residents and to ensure the safe trip of the residents.

Interview 2: Interview with the Director of Zhuanzui village

At present, the main way to travel in the village is motorbike and electric

vehicle, and some road infrastructure is not perfect. The residents have security risks in travel for lacking street lights, road warning signs, and zebra line.

25 Ethnic Minority Development Action Plan

The construction of this project will gradually improve the traffic safety management facilities (such as signal lights, marking lines, warning signs, etc.), to reduce the delay of the intersection and to ensure the safety of pedestrian crossing. It can also improve the layout of the intersection, reduce the flow of conflict and improve the field of vision. What’s more, it can reduce the total number of accidents (vehicle damage / light injury / serious injury / death) and ensure traffic security by guiding traffic through standard marking lines to separate people and vehicles. (3)Increasing employment opportunities and raising the income level of ethnic minority residents. There will be 40 non-technical employment opportunities that are provided in the construction of the project and the traffic road management after the completion of the project, which will increase the non-agricultural employment opportunities for the population in the project area in the short term. The improvement of the traffic environment can increase the opportunities for the development of the residents as well. On the one hand, the improvement of the infrastructure can help the foreign transport of agricultural products and industrial products, improve the purchase price of agricultural products, reduce the transportation cost of agricultural products in the southern mountainous area of Linxia County, and enhance the employment opportunities for the residents of the project area. On the other hand, the improvement of the traffic environment could increase the flows of people, improve the level of local tourism services, promote the development of the local tourism industry with national characteristics, and improve the income and living standard of the minority residents. (4)Promoting the harmonious coexistence among all ethnic groups After the implementation of the project, it can promote the harmonious relationship between ethnic groups in the project area and achieve sustainable development of the project. On the one hand, it will provide a variety of job opportunities to ethnic minorities and improve their work income. On the other hand, it will enhance the interaction between ethnic groups, and the harmonious coexistence among the various ethnic groups in the project area will be further promoted through joint participation in various skills training.

26 Ethnic Minority Development Action Plan 3.2.2 Potential Risk (1) The course of this project is basically set up along the Huaishuguan River, and along the both banks of the river, it will have a certain influence on the water resources of the Huaishuguan River which will lead to the fragile ecological environment of the coastal vegetation and the certain disturbance from too much human construction and mechanical work to the ecological environment along the line. Therefore, during the implementation of this project, we should try to reduce the damage to the coast without affecting the construction progress and scope, especially strictly enforcing environmental protection measures, taking soil in the designated place, and discharging waste residue and waste water at random. (2)This project affects ethnic minorities in the region and its construction will surely cause the problem of land occupation and demolition. Therefore, the religious and social habits of ethnic minorities must be fully taken into account when the minority areas are moved in the minority areas, so as to avoid interference with ethnic minorities. When the project is optimized and designed at the next stage, the project will try to get the support of the local government. We should investigate and learn the demands of the minority people, and take care of the people, especially the families of ethnic minorities, providing the preferable economic compensation and policy without affecting the project. (3)During or after project construction, the project builders and migrant workers of different nationalities will come to Linxia. They may have great differences from the local Hui and Dongxiang people in their diet or daily living habits which may make the local ethnic minority feel uncomfortable, even have a clash over the life style and customs. (4)The needs of ethnic minority women are easily to be ignored. As minority women are less involved in public affairs, their opinions and suggestions in the follow-up construction should also be concerned. 3.3 Social Gender and Development 3.3.1 The Development of Women in the Project Area (1) Education conditions: The education level of women in the project area is generally lower than that of men. The proportion of women's illiteracy reached 3.4%,

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1 percentage points higher than that of men. Women with junior high school education were 9.8%, 5 percentage points lower than men, and women with high school and above were 3.9%, 5.1 percentage points lower than men (see Figure 3-2). The education of women in Minority Nationalities (especially the women of Hui) is generally lower than that of the Han women and the men in the minority nationalities. The minority nationalities in this area have not paid much attention to the education of the women.

Figure 3-2 The gender acceptance of culture and education (2) The division of labor on gender. According to the questionnaire results of 286 women in the project area, the number of women in the project area is mainly from farming, accounting for 56.8%, while non-agricultural employment accounts for only 23.3%. Non-agricultural employment is mainly individual management, accounting for 14.4%. According to the survey of 7 typical sample villages in the project area, it is found that rural women are mainly agricultural farmers, and some women are doing some seasonal temporary workers. Nevertheless, the minority female labor force, due to the constraints of ethnic traditional culture and religious culture, the vast majority of them is left behind in the family, undertook the basic all agricultural production and housework in the family except some of them following their husbands to go out to work together, and their working is really heavy. (3) The participation in public affairs. In the proposed project area, The strength of female participation in public affairs and the influence of women in public affairs

28 Ethnic Minority Development Action Plan are weaker than men because of their lower social status and limitation of culture. In particular, the minority women of the Hui nationality and Dongxiang ethnic groups are restricted by the traditional culture and religious precepts, and they cannot be exposed or go to the mosque as a man to participate in religious activities, and rarely participate in public affairs. However, in recent years, with the active efforts of the government, the Women's Federation and the various public welfare organizations (or international organizations), have offer the women more opportunities to participate in public affairs and to enjoy public services and various supportive policies. 3.3.2 The Influence of the Project on Women The results of field surveys show that women will benefit a lot from the projects. The positive and potential risks brought by female villagers (residents) in the project area are shown in the following aspects. (1) Provide a safe traffic environment. The improvement of the road infrastructure, the road drainage system and the added lighting facilities of the urban roads will help improve the safety and convenience of women's trip, enrich their spare time and improve their quality of life. (2) Reduce trip costs and improve urban and rural public traffic condition. After the completion of the project, the cost of fuel consumption and maintenance of vehicles in urban and rural buses can be reduced. It will reduce the price of ticket, the traffic costs of primary and middle school students and old women, the burden of taking up children every day. The older women ride the shuttle bus more comfortably, which is good both for their physical and mental health. The project, like road straightening and infrastructure improvement, will enhance the safety of passengers' lives and property and also alleviate the mental burden of women's safety concerns for their children-taking to and from school. (3) Provide non-agricultural employment opportunities and economic income. During or after the construction process of the proposed project, some temporary and long-term non-agricultural employment posts will be created, and it is expected to increase non-agricultural employment opportunities and economic income for local women and poor groups. (4) Negligence of demands. Although the design of this project fully listen to

29 Ethnic Minority Development Action Plan the views and needs of the female group and strive to meet the needs of them, the specific implementation and management of the project will inevitably ignore the needs of those who lack of gender sensitivity and the lower status of women in the project area (especially the minority women). For instance, the inadequate road lighting facilities could affect evening traffic and women's social activities in the evening. After the improvement of urban and rural public transport, the increase of passengers makes their traffic congestion which leads to women are prone to sexual harassment. (5) The income reduction of agricultural for land expropriation, in the proposed project, the female labor force undertakes most of the agricultural work. Once their land is expropriated, the land area of the family as well as the income of women will be reduced. (6) The same work but different pay. At present, there is a widespread phenomenon of different remuneration for female workers in work, which makes it easy for female workers to receive unfair treatment from different workers. 3.4 Main Suggestions for Social Evaluation

On the basis of the field investigation and analysis of the social assessment survey, the conclusions and main recommendations of social evaluation are as follows: (1) The residents' evaluation, needs and suggestions of the current traffic situation in Linxia are consistent with the goals of the project. The project construction and public transport service which have already been included in the road traffic reform plan in Linxia County, are the main problems that the residents of the project area are expected to solve as soon as possible. (2) Most residents in the project area have learned the relevant information from different sources before launching the social evaluation. At the same time, the rural cadres, grass-roots staff and religious people in the project area are willing to publicize the project to the residents, and to coordinate the problems that may be encountered in the implementation of the project, so that the project can be carried out smoothly. Most of the residents in the project area are fully aware of the positive influence of the project and express their support for the implementation of the

30 Ethnic Minority Development Action Plan project. (3) The negative influence of the project is mainly manifested in the following aspects: land requisition and removal that affect the production and life of migrants, the living habits of ethnic minorities are affected, the implementation of the project will produce noise, dust and environmental problems which could affect the travel of residents in the short term, improper traffic management or maintenance in the later period leads to the inability of the project’s achievement , safety risks during construction and road cannot be guaranteed and so on. (4) the positive influence of the project is mainly manifested in the following aspects: improving the residents' travel environment, alleviating traffic congestion, enhancing the availability of bus line services through bus line extension and service optimization, facilitating people’s travel and strengthen traffic safety; improving people's safety awareness through training and education, increasing opportunities of employment, and facilitating the Muslim people to worship mosques and the gathering and so on. (5) On the proposal of the minority, the constructors should respect the customs and habits of the local ethnic minorities during the construction of the project, paying attention to the safety facilities in the neighborhood and the road near the mosque. It is also required that the road and road reminding signs should use simple and clear as far as possible, and the written hints and project announcements should be used by characters both of Muslim and Chinese.

31 Ethnic Minority Development Action Plan Chapter IV The Public Consultation on the Participation of Ethnic Minorities

4.1 The Early Participation Process of Minority Communities

Since May 2017, the World Bank's Linxia project office has organized a series of socio-economic surveys and public opinion consultations. At the same time, during the period of the project preparation, the relevant information of the project is publicized and informed, by the research and development institution, the resettlement plan, the minority development plan, the social evaluation, the environmental impact assessment organization and so on. The prior unrestricted, fully informed consultation and public participation are carried out in the minority communities. The compilation of the action plan for the development of ethnic minorities is based on the public participation activities such as household survey, focus group meeting, key informants interview and stakeholder meeting. Preliminary public participation activities are referred to the attachment for details. (1)The notification and publicity of the project ① In December 2016, when the feasibility study institutions conducted a field investigation, the project office has communicated with the residents in the minority communities about the proposed project construction content, informed people for the project details, and listened to their opinions on construction projects. ② In March 2017, National Daily published relevant content of project construction. ③ In June and July 2017, the project office sent the construction documents of the project to relevant township streets, administrative villages and communities for their opinions. ④ In August 2017, The public was invited to participate in the environmental impact assessment (EIA) notification of the World Bank project. (2) Field investigation Under the support and assistance of project office, the World Bank experts group, the feasibility study institution, the resettlement plan and social-environmental evaluation institution has conducted several times field investigation from January to

32 Ethnic Minority Development Action Plan

June 2017. Leaders at all levels of townships, streets, villages and communities as well as some community residents have been interviewed and communicated. (3) Social and economic survey of household From July 22th to 23th 2017, the project office and migration team have conducted a socio-economic household survey of villages and towns affected by the road-to-construct. The questionnaire is mainly to learn about the comments of current traffic conditions, their support and needs for the project, and to ask for opinions concerning the problems of its surrounding traffic from the residents (including women, different economic conditions, and different nationalities). 100 valid questionnaires have been collected including 49 (49%) from ethnic minorities and 51 (51%) from Han nationality. (4) Focus group meetings Seven meetings have been held from July 22th to 23th 2017. There are 225 participants including 66 women (29.33%) and 124 ethnic minorities (55.11%). These meetings focus on the residents' expectations, needs and suggestions for the traffic improvement project. (5) In-depth interviews From July 22th to 23th 2017, the in-depth interviews were held with village and township cadres, teachers, retired cadres, religious figures, farmers, shop owners, enterprise employees, family women and bus drivers in the project area. The interviewees are composed of 7 minority people (50%) and 6 women (42.8%). The interviews focus on the production and living conditions of the residents, the project impact and their attitudes and views on the project design and implementation. (6) Key informants interview In preparation stage, the project office, minority development planning team, social-economic survey team, and social development consultants of World Bank project have visited the relevant chiefs of township, village/community/street, Linxia county Women's Federation, Religious Affairs Bureau, Civil Affairs Bureau, Labor and Social Security Bureau, Education Bureau, Transportation Bureau, Agriculture Bureau and so on for 17 times. These interviews focus on the development status of ethnic minorities, the women development, the relevant policies and the suggestions

33 Ethnic Minority Development Action Plan of various sectors. 4.2 The Minority Community Participation

During the project preparation, the project office，together with the ethnic minority development plan, social evaluation, resettlement plan and environmental assessment institutions, has completed the informed consultation and public participation freely and fully at the primary stage in the minority community. They have thoroughly listened to the minority community residents’ views, attitudes, demands and suggestions for the project, effectively communicated with the people of Linxia county Women's Federation, Religious Affairs Bureau, Civil Affairs Bureau, Labor and Social Security Bureau, Education Bureau, Transportation Bureau, Agriculture Bureau and so on, and carried on the effective communication and taken the imam and other religious personnel advice. In this process, the demands and suggestions of ethnic minorities have been integrated into the project design through communication and feedback. By the above minority community public participation, it aims to minimize the potential negative impact and risks, what’s more, to strengthen ethnic beneficial opportunities from the project in the form of ethnic groups’ acceptable way and methods. The results of minority communities’ participation are shown in the appendix. 4.3 The Participation Plan during the Project Implementation

In order to make the social-economic benefits optimal and to avoid the potential risk on the local ethnic groups from the proposed project, it is necessary to take various measures for guaranteeing the fully-informed participation of minority groups during the project implementation and operation. Within the construction period, once there are emerging problems involving minority community residents' vital interests, the local project office and the construction side must inform the community residents through the community planning group and village committee in advance, it can only be implemented with consents mostly. (2) Different opinions should also be taken seriously because a few different

34 Ethnic Minority Development Action Plan opinions are not unreasonable. Meanwhile the project office and the construction side should pay attention to take advantage of the influence of village committees, community volunteer service team, community elders, families and other grassroots social organizations and individuals. Then they should persuade and explain to avoid antagonism and even conflict. (3) The place of freely pre-informed consultation must be chosen in the village to facilitate the nearby village participating, the time should be arranged for the leisure time of most village/community residents in their productive life to ensure that community residents can participate. The detailed minority participation plan during the project implementation stage can be found in table 5-3. 4.4 The Complaint Mechanism

During the preparation and implementation of the plan for ethnic minorities of the proposed project, we have always attached importance to the full and extensive participation of ethnic groups and established a complaint feedback mechanism. Once ethnic minorities are not satisfied with the project construction or settlement of migrants, or feel that they have been treated unreasonably and unfairly in the process of project construction, they may seek solutions through relevant procedures. Great disputes may not occur, since the ethnic minority program is carried out with the full participation of ethnic groups. However, for resolving problems related with the execution of minority development plan, there should be some channels to lodge complaints for ethnic groups. The complaint mechanism has been established in the process of the proposed project planning and implementation. It can be divided into four phases as followed: Phase 1: If ethnic groups in the project area are not satisfied with the implementation of the ethnic minority action plan, they may lodge oral or written complaints to the village committee or the project implementation agency. If it is an oral complaint, it should be handled and made written records by the village committee or the project implementation agency. The village committee or the project demolition and relocation implementation organization should dispose of the problems within 2 weeks. Phase 2: If the minority groups are still not satisfied with the processing of first

35 Ethnic Minority Development Action Plan phrase, they can appeal to the township management after receiving the decision. Management organization should solve the problems within 2 weeks. Phase 3: If the minority groups are still not satisfied with the decision of phase 2, they can complain to the administrative agency that has a jurisdiction for the arbitration step by step according to the People's Republic of China administrative procedure law, after receipt of the decision. Phase 4: If minority groups are still dissatisfied with the arbitration decision, they can bring a suit in a civil court in accordance with the civil procedure law, upon receipt of the arbitration decision. Ethnic minority groups may file lawsuits against project construction at any aspect of the development plans. The above means of appeal will be communicated to the ethnic minorities in the project area through meetings and other means so that the ethnic minorities can fully understand their right to appeal. There are mass media to strengthen publicity. Opinions and suggestions on various aspects of the work of ethnic minorities should be prepared, written and handled in a timely manner by project management and implementation organizations at all levels. The agencies will receive complaints from ethnic groups free of charge, and the reasonable costs incurred will be paid from the unforeseen expenses of the projects. It will disclose the telephone numbers and addresses of workers handling complaint to the public.

36 Ethnic Minority Development Action Plan Chapter V The Action Plan for the Development of Ethnic Minorities

5.1 The Measures to Safeguard the Rights and Interests of

Ethnic Minorities

(1)Ensure that the project employment opportunities are given priority to ethnic minorities and women ①Before the arrival of the construction team, the opportunities and the types of employment posts generated during the implementation of the project should be disclosed to the public in a timely manner. ②There will be about 100 jobs, including unskilled 40 jobs (40%) in the project implementation. The project office, construction side and village committees should cooperate with each other to ensure that 40 non-technical employment opportunities are given priority to vulnerable groups which include ethnic minorities, women, and poor population, etc. ③Safeguard the rights and interests of ethnic minorities in the process of employment ④Ensure that the working environment and conditions conform to the traditional customs of ethnic minorities and women of ethnic minorities enjoy equal pay for equal work to protect their labor rights and interests （2）Strengthen skills and knowledge training ①Create a good income-generating mode for ethnic minority women to provide employment services ②A series of skills training are conducted for ethnic minorities in the project area to increase their income. These skills training can include hand-pulled noodles skill training, crop planting technology training, animal husbandry training, etc. Ensure that the income of ethnic minority residents in the affected areas is not reduced due to the influence of the project. Reduce the risk of land expropriation and demolition, adopt livelihood and income recovery plans The Poverty Relief Route Project of HuaiShuGuan River of Linxia County will

37 Ethnic Minority Development Action Plan involve a certain amount of land expropriation and demolition of minority groups in the project area, in order to promote the progress of the project successfully, the measures should be taken to ensure that the affected people's life level is not reduced. ①Reduce the risk of land requisition and removal. The land requisition and removal should be avoided in the project design and implementation as far as possible. Full compensation should be offered to the affected population of the project. In the formulation and implementation of the resettlement plan, the opinions of the affected ethnic minorities should be fully consulted and the project office should take into account the living habits, religious customs and architectural styles of ethnic minorities. ②Take measures to restore income and livelihoods. Ensure that the affected population of the project can participate in the detailed design of the project to minimize the impact of migration. Resettlement activities are carried out in conjunction with local government development activities such as technical and skill training. The compensation for land permanently expropriated and temporarily occupied should be in accordance with national laws, regulations and policies of governments at all levels. Special assistance should be provided to vulnerable groups such as low insured families and five-guarantee households. Avoid the lives of ethnic minorities in the project area affected by the construction of the project. ①During the project construction, the project office should communicate with the construction side, and the constructor should respect the local culture and living habits to avoid disputes. Respecting for minority culture and living habits needs to be written into the terms of the construction contract. For example, the constructors do not eat pork and do not use pork oil in their meals. ②The constructor must adopt segmented building to reduce the impact on residents' travel. The measures should be taken to reduce noise pollution, to control the noise of construction site and traffic road, to cut down the impact of noise on surrounding villagers and constructors, and to do a good job in the noise prevention and control of constructors. Regular sprinkling of water on entering roads and construction sidewalks is adopted to prevent dust pollution and control the

38 Ethnic Minority Development Action Plan environmental quality of construction areas. The household garbage and feces should be cleaned regularly and should not be piled up or discharged randomly. The constructors should set up the forbidden signs in residential areas or villages where vehicles operate and avoid working at night. (5)Strengthen publicity to ensure personal safety The construction side should increase the personal safety awareness through the security education and cover the insurance premiums for constructors. In view of the large amount of works during construction, it is easy to cause safety problems, recommendations are as follows: ①Try to construct closely and post safety signs. ②Increase awareness of traffic safety, especially for women who are mainly responsible for caring for their children. ③Carry out traffic safety education in school to prevent the occurrence of danger. To sum up, on the basis of full consultation with ethnic minorities and stakeholders, the minority action plan team has compiled The Action Plan for the Development of Minority Nationalities in the Poverty Relief Route Project of Huaishuguan River of Linxia County. 5.2 The Implementation Organization and Time Schedule 5.2.1 Implementation Organization and Capacity Building (1)Implementation organization. In order to do a good job in the project preparation and construction, the Linxia County Institutional Committee agreed to establish the World Bank Loan Project Executive Office on October 15th 2012, affiliated to the Linxia Development and Reform Bureau. The office is located in the County Development and Reform Bureau, and staff members are assigned by related departments for the project coordination and specific work. The strong implementation and management organization has ensured Linxia County's goal of coordinating urban and rural development infrastructure projects, and also guaranteed the participation of ethnic minorities in the project. The staff composition of Linxia County World Bank Office is shown in Table 5-1.

Table 5-1 The principals and contact information of Linxia county project office

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Institution Name Position Tel Project office Dengke Ma 0930-3224360 director Project office Shijun Ma 0930-3224360 vice-director Linxia county project Project office Weilin Sun 0930-3224360 office vice-director Project office Yan Ma 0930-3224360 staff Project office Yinghong Qi 0930-3224360 staff (2)Capacity building of implementation organization. For promoting the progress of the project and enhancing the capacity of the project implementation agency, the principal staffs of the project office have participated in the relevant trainings organized by the World Bank since 2012. A total of 28 person-times have attended 12 special training courses. The training content includes foreign-funded project management, energy-saving emission reduction, circular economy development, industrial structure adjustment, energy-assessment of fixed-asset investment projects and report preparation, all of which involve foreign-related projects or project management. During the implementation period of the project, the project implementation agency plans to carry out a series of related trainings on project management, operation, ethnic minority development monitoring and evaluation. The training content includes the project overview and background, relevant laws and regulations of World Bank and the country, methods of public participation, details of the project for the development of ethnic minorities, management, reporting procedures, monitoring and evaluation, reports, and handling of complaints. 5.2.2 The Implementation Plan According to the preparation and implementation progress of the project construction, the implementation plan of the project's ethnic minority development is drawn up (see table 5-2). The specific implementation time may be adjusted appropriately due to the deviation of the overall project schedule. The main working stage of the project is divided into the preparatory period and the implementation period, and the half year after the end of implementation period. (1) Preparation period

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The work contents related with minority development include the project publicity, the identification of the project's influence on minority population, the minority support rate survey, the preparation of ethnic minority development plan, the collection of minorities’ opinions, and the release of ethnic plan information booklet and so on. (2) Implementation period The work related to the development of ethnic minorities mainly includes internal monitoring and external independent monitoring. The project office is responsible for internal monitoring and prepares a semi-annual report for submission to the World Bank. A third party independent monitoring agency hired by the project owner should monitor and evaluate the development of ethnic minorities, before the project started, write a working outline, investigation outline and table, build monitoring system, a clear mission, select monitoring stations, use participatory methods to evaluate social basal survey and tracking survey. An independent external monitoring assessment report is submitted to the World Bank every six months during the project implementation period. Within six months after the end of the implementation period, we will submit a summary report on the development of ethnic minorities to the World Bank. As more than half of the beneficiary groups of this project are ethnic minorities, we have integrated it into the feasibility study report in order to mitigate the impact and promote the implementation of the beneficial measures with the ethnic minorities' cultural adaptation way as soon as possible. During the implementation of the ethnic minority development plan, the funds needed mainly come from the project budget (including the budget of the resettlement plan, the budget of the environmental assessment, etc.), the government finance at all levels, the special funds of the relevant sectors, and the society raising funds. For details of the capital budget and action plan, see Table 5-3.

Table 5-2 Implementation Schedule Stage of project Work content Time Project publicity January - March 2017 Preparation Identify the impact of the project on May 2017 period ethnic minorities Public participation of ethnic minorities June 2017

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Survey on the project support rate of June 2017 ethnic minorities Formulate the ethnic minority development plan and collect the June 2017 minority opinions Minority development plan publicity March 2018 Minority development plan permission March 2018 Ethnic development plan information March 2018 booklet Within the implementation period Implementation (2018), the assessment report Monitoring and evaluation period should be submitted once every six months Six months after Submit a summary report on the the end of the development of ethnic minorities Summary evaluation implementation in the first half of the year after period the completion of the project

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Table 5-3 The list of action plan for the minority development on urban and rural development infrastructure construction projects in

Linxia county Proposals for Target Implementation Funding Monitoring Time Specific actions action population organization resources indicators 1.Carry out various education and training to improve the quality of the Design institution, 1)Carry out traffic population In the 7 Construction side, safety knowledge 1)Carry out administrative Transportation Bureau, 1)The number of training, the training training on villages of 2 Construction Bureau, training sessions site should involve in traffic safety townships/towns in Education Bureau, bus 2)The number and schools, places of Project knowledge and Linxia County, the company, Women's Project proportion of worship, etc. feasibility study raise the total population of Federation, Religious implementation ethnic minorities 2)Carry out training on budget (250,000 awareness of the beneficial Affairs Bureau, period participating in labor skills including RMB) traffic safety townships is 26,000. relevant schools, the training Hand-pull skills, among ethnic The minority relevant townships, the 3)The type of agricultural planting minorities in the population accounts project office in Linxia training techniques and animal project area for 22.7%. County husbandry techniques. 2)Conduct a series of skills training for minority population in the project area to

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increase their incomes 1)Non-technical posts 1)The proportion are given priority to the of affected local affected people population in the The project office, during the project area in Residents of the construction side, 2.Increase implementation of the non-technical jobs project area mainly Linxia county employment project. Project 2)The persons include land Women's Federation, Project opportunities 2) Ensure that 40% of feasibility study number of requisition and Civil Affairs Bureau, implementation and raise the non-technical budget (200,000 vulnerable groups removal households, Religious Affairs period income level of employment RMB) in the project area poor people, women, Bureau, relevant ethnic minorities opportunities are given employed in ethnic minorities, etc. townships, the village priority to vulnerable non-technical committee groups including ethnic positions minority women and (including women the poor. and the poor) 3.Public transport and garbage fees Public transport and Linxia county The low insured should be The project office, garbage fees should be The low insured Project Transportation population of reduced or Civil Affairs Bureau reduced or exempted population of the implementation Management minorities who exempted for the and other relevant for the low insured project area period Bureau enjoy the relief low insured government agencies population of ethnic (150,000RMB) policy. population of minorities. ethnic minorities. 4. Reduce the The population Design institution, Project 1)Avoid land See See risk of land affected by land Construction side, implementation requisition and removal Resettlement Resettlement Plan

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expropriation requisition and Transportation Bureau, period in project design and Plan and demolition, removal is 1,843 Construction Bureau, implementation. and adopt including 623 Education Bureau, bus 2)Provide full livelihood and minority people. company, Women's compensation for income recovery Federation, Religious affected people in the plans. Affairs Bureau, project. relevant schools, 3)Maintain the relevant townships, the architectural style of project office in Linxia ethnic minorities in the County restoration and reconstruction of houses 1)The construction side 1)Record the should respect the disputes between cultural and living the constructor habits of local ethnic and the local minorities and write people 5.Avoid the The project office, them into the contract From 2)Low-noise impact of project construction side, terms. environmental process , construction on Ethnic minority Linxia county Project 2)Adopt segmented impact technology and the lives of the residents in the Women's Federation, implementation construction to reduce management dust-reduction minority people project area Civil Affairs Bureau, period the impact on residents' funds measures during in the project relevant township, transportation. (150,000RMB) construction. area village committee 3)Take low-noise 3)Times of night construction construction process ,technology and 4)Noise standards dust-reduction during measures. construction

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4)Prohibit night 5)The number of construction. banned signs 5)Strictly observe the noise standards. 6)Set up a no-horn sign for communities where vehicles operate. 6.Avoid the 1)Noise standard The project office, influence of 1)The constructor From during construction side, project The ethnic minority pays special attention to environmental construction Linxia county Project construction on residents who believe noise problems near the impact 2)Process and Women's Federation, implementation minority people's in Islam in Linxia mosque, such as setting management technology of Civil Affairs Bureau, period participation in County noise reduction baffle funds noise reduction relevant township, mosque plate, etc. (60,000RMB) taken during village committee activities construction 1)The personal safety 1)Safeguard guarantee and measures of the construction side, insurance for the construction side design institution, the workers of construction 2)Separation of project office, Linxia side sidewalks and The workers of county Women's Project 2)Separation of driveways 7.Safeguard construction side, Federation, Education Project budget implementation sidewalks and 3)Safety warning personal safety children and the old Bureau, schools, (40,000RMB) period driveways measures of the project area township 3)Some warning signs, 4)Propaganda governments, and traffic lights and other modes of safety village committees in signs should be set up consciousness, the project area at the crossroads to participants and remind the road safety. person-times

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4)Carry out safe 5)School safety education in school to education prevent the occurrence measures of danger. 1)The form, 1)Establish a frequency, and 8.Amplify the Residents of the commissioner to deal The project office, time for complaint project area mainly with the complaints Linxia county publicizing and mechanism to include land from residents Organization Women's Federation, informing ensure that the requisition and Project including ethnic strengthening Education Bureau, channels for their opinions and removal households, implementation minorities of the project and capacity schools, township complaints suggestions of poor population, period area through multiple building fees governments, village 2)Feedback ethnic minorities women, ethnic channels. 10,000RMB committees of the records of can be properly minorities and other 2)Publicize the project area villagers expressed. groups complaint reporting (including ethnic mechanism. minorities) 1)The records of 1)Vulnerable groups Construction side, the demands and including ethnic 9.Promote the design institution, the suggestions of minority women must participation of project office, Linxia ethnic minority be considered to ethnic minority county Women's Included in women Ethnic minority Project finance during the women in the Federation, Education other measures 2)The women in the project implementation project design phase. project and Bureau, schools, funds employment of area period 3)Ensure that ethnic protect their township (20,000RMB) ethnic minority minority women can rights and governments, village women sign for receiving the interests committees of the 3)The proportion compensation for land project area of minority requisition. women signing

47 Ethnic Minority Development Action Plan Chapter VI The Monitoring and Evaluation

In order to ensure the effective implementation of the minority development plan and achieve the desired objectives, it is necessary to monitor and evaluate the implementation of the plan. The monitoring and evaluation method, content, organizations and cycle of minority development plan are shown in table 6-1.

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Table 6-1 The monitoring and evaluation outline of Huaishuguan river poverty alleviation channel project in Linxia county Monitoring and evaluation Monitoring method Monitoring content Monitoring cycle and report organizations ①Monitoring and evaluation are based on field The external monitoring investigation, sampling survey, calculation organization annually conducts analysis and expert comprehensive evaluation. a regular tracking monitoring ②The field investigation is carried out at selected during the implementation of spots with that in entire areas involving the the minority development plan. implementation progress e of the national It mainly monitors the minority development plan, the implementation following activities： of the fund, the effect, the organization and ①Whether the rights are equally The semi-annual Internal management. guaranteed for minorities The internal monitoring is monitoring assessment report is ③Sampling survey on benefited area and participating in the project? undertaken by the project submitted by the project affected area families (especially, the project ②Whether the ethnic religious office, and the external institution to the World Bank, affected families and minority families). The activities and the cultural rights monitoring is entrusted by the external monitoring reports are sample survey was conducted by means of are respected? project office independently submitted annually to the world classified random sampling and so on. ③According to the requirements by the qualified monitoring bank by the independent ④Each sampling proportion shall not be less than of MEGDP, What specific and evaluation institutions. monitoring and evaluation bodies 20% of the affected population of the project, measures have been taken by hired. and the proportion of minority families shall not the local project office and what be less than 40% of the sample households, in the actual effect of these order to collect relevant information, the measures is? socio-economic survey and immigration survey ④How do minorities evaluate are required to complete the impact form to these measures? compare with the current data of ethnic minority ⑤What are the specific development plans. evaluations of these measures ⑤In addition to written materials, attention by the main group?

49 Ethnic Minority Development Action Plan should be paid to the collection of photos, audio ⑥Is there a MEGDP monitoring recordings, videos, and other materials, and the and evaluation mechanism? Is it establishment of a database of public effective? participation and results. Ethnic minority monitoring includes internal and external monitoring. The internal monitoring of minority work is implemented by the project office. The external monitoring of ethnic minority work will be commissioned by an independent institution to conduct annual monitoring of minority development activities throughout the project until the project is completed. Internal monitoring is submitted twice a year and external monitoring once a year with the preparation of monitoring reports on ethnic minorities.

Appendix 1: Detailed table of the direct acceptance of the project area to the affected ethnic minority population Permanent impact on the population The serial Levied arable land Demolition of a house subtotal Village number Number of Number of Number of Number of Number of Number of house people house people house people Zhuanzui 1 0 0 13 85 13 85 Village 2 Yinji Village 31 132 0 0 31 132 3 Xinzhai Village 176 748 0 0 176 748 4 Datan Village 73 295 0 0 73 295 5 Kajiatan Village 46 196 0 0 46 196 6 Xinfa Village 10 80 0 0 10 80 Datanjian 7 71 307 0 0 71 307 Village Sum 407 1758 13 85 420 1843

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Appendix 2 : The current policy framework for ethnic minorities Category Policies, regulations and names Main policy content and key points Relevant laws and National laws and regulations :Constitution of the People's ①In addition to the equal power of local governments, regulations of China Republic of China, Law of the People's Republic of China on Autonomous local authority also enjoy the following rights: and relevant regional ethnic autonomy, Organization law of villagers' autonomous legislative power; independent management of regulations of Gansu committees of the People's Republic of China, Regulations of the local political affairs, local economy, financial affairs, local province People's Republic of China on the administrative work of ethnic science, education and cultural affairs, etc., to establish local townships, Relevant regulations of Gansu province in the 12th public security forces, use and develop minority languages. five-year plan for the cause of ethnic minorities, Regulations of ②The citizens of People's Republic of China enjoy freedom the state general language and writing in Gansu province, of religious belief, and the organs of self-government of the Regulations on the work of the people's congresses of townships state and autonomous areas protect the freedom of religious and towns in Gansu province belief among all ethnic groups. ③The national administrative work regulations should be formulated to promote the development of economic and cultural undertakings in ethnic townships, protect the legitimate rights and interests of ethnic minorities and enhance national unity. ④Except persons deprived of political rights, citizens under the age of 18, regardless of nationality, race, gender, occupation, family background, religious belief, education, property status, living period, have the right to vote and the right to be elected. ⑤The state helps all ethnic groups speed up the development of economic construction and cultural construction from the aspects of finance, materials and technology. ⑥Adhere to the principle of equality between languages and languages of all ethnic groups, safeguard the freedom of all ethnic groups to use and develop their own languages, and

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encourage all ethnic groups to learn from each other. National support The 13th five-year plan will promote the development of ethnic (1)The increase in per capita disposable income of rural policy minority areas residents has reached or exceeded the local average (2)Both achieved poor villages and poor people out of poverty. (3)Compulsory education, basic medical treatment and basic housing security are guaranteed. (4) Access to road, bus, internet broadband, e-commerce. (5)It is necessary to meet the construction requirements,from eight aspects including Centralized water supply, clean energy, sanitary toilets, centralized disposal of waste water and sewage, comprehensive public cultural facilities and places, village service stations, convenience chain supermarkets, and stable income increase industry (or rich entrepreneurial leader) Regional Outline of the 13th five-year plan for national economic and social development of Gansu province，Outline of the 13th five-year development plan for Linxia state's national economic and social development，Gansu province "13th five-year" comprehensive transportation planning development plan The World Bank World Bank minority policy OP4.10 and World Bank procedure The bank's policy on ethnic minorities is aimed at ensuring BP4.10 that the project development process fully respects the dignity, power, economy and culture of ethnic minorities. Major policy elements include: ①The World bank recognizes that the characteristics and cultures of ethnic minorities are always inextricably linked to the land and the natural resources. It will expose ethnic minorities to different types of risks and varying degrees of influence, such as the loss of national characteristics, cultural and traditional livelihoods and facing diseases, etc.

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Gender and generational issues among ethnic minorities are also complex. As a social group with distinct differences between its characteristics and mainstream groups, ethnic minorities often belong to the most marginalized and vulnerable groups in the local population. The World Bank also recognizes that ethnic minorities play a vital role in sustainable development, domestic and international laws are increasingly focused on protecting their rights. ②Measures include: 1) avoid the potential negative influence on the minority communities, or 2) If unavoidable, the impact shall be minimized, mitigated or compensated. The World Bank funded project aims to ensure that ethnic minorities are adapted to their culture and have social and economic benefits of gender and intergenerational inclusiveness. ③If the project affects ethnic minorities, the world bank project team shall assist the borrower in conducting unrestricted prior informed consultations on the projects involved and the affected communities throughout the project cycle. At all stages of project preparation and implementation, information on all relevant projects should be provided to ethnic minority communities in line with the cultural habits of ethnic minorities. Based on the results of social evaluation and early and unbounded consultative consultation, whether the affected minority communities give wide support to the project is determined. ④The formulation of the development plan for ethnic minorities should be flexible and pragmatic. As required, the

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minority development plan includes the following elements: the legal and institutional framework applicable to national minorities, the affected population of minority community, social, cultural and political characteristics, the land and demesne traditionally used or occupied by ethnic minorities and natural resources information, the summary of social evaluation, the results of the prior unrestricted and fully informed consultation with minority communities during the preparation period of the project, the framework for the prior unrestricted, fully informed consultation with the affected ethnic minority communities, the action plan and measures to ensure that minorities receive social and economic benefits in accordance with their cultures, the compensation measures to avoid, minimize, mitigate the potential negative impacts on ethnic minorities after confirmed, the cost estimation and financing plans, the procedures suitable for handling complaints of ethnic minority communities arising from the implementation of the project, the monitoring, evaluation, reporting mechanism and indicator system suitable for the execution of the project's ethnic minority plan.

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Appendix 3 The List of Participation Plans During Project Implementation The involved relevant The responsible Public participation activities contents Relevant test or test indicators institutions and participants organization 1. The number of meetings of the villagers' mobilization meeting, the 1. Consult the public opinion of the minutes of the meetings and the Civil Affairs Bureau, project area on the construction of representatives of the minority Transport Bureau, Planning road construction affiliated nationalities who participate in the Bureau, bus company, Civil Project office, infrastructure, especially the community mobilization meetings should Affairs Bureau, Labor and 1.Further project owner, opinions of the minority people and be no less than 50%. Social Security Bureau, optimization of design unit and the imam. 2. The number of symposiums and other institutions, project project design related ethnic 2.Interviews with ethnic minority detailed meeting records, the composition office, project owner and minority villages residents' representatives on the of participants, mainly discussed the design institution, cadres location of road safety warning optimization of public transport services. and residents of minority signs 3.Meeting minutes of the interview about communities. the location of the road safety warning signs. 1.Community mobilization 1.Number of community mobilization The labor and Social meetings and community residents' meetings and minutes of meetings, the Security Bureau, the symposiums can be held to ensure number and meeting of different groups of Women's Federation and Project office, that jobs should be given priority to community residents records, etc. the religious Bureau; the project owner, 2.Participation ethnic minorities, poor households 2. The construction institution shall project office, the project construction in project and women. organize the number, time and personnel owners, the construction institution and construction 2. The construction institution shall involved in relevant training. institutions; the external related ethnic train the personnel involved in the 3. Number and minutes of the symposium monitoring institutions for minority construction, including technology, held in minority communities. The the development of ethnic villages/communities traffic safety and how to respect the representatives of ethnic minorities, minorities; the minority diet, culture and religious habits of women and impoverished groups should community cadres and

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local ethnic minorities. be no less than 50%. residents (including 3. A symposium on ethnic minority representatives of ethnic communities is held. The views and minorities, women and poor suggestions of community residents households). are sought on the time of subsection construction during construction, measures to reduce noise, ways to reduce environmental pollution and how to mitigate the impact of construction during the construction period. 1.Use newspapers, television, Transportation Bureau, radio, newspapers, bulletin boards, Traffic Police Brigade, notices and publicity vehicles to Education Bureau, Labor 1. Use newspapers and other media to promote the knowledge of traffic and Social Security Bureau, promote the knowledge of traffic safety safety and management; Or Poverty Relief Office, and management, relevant written communicate with the imam of the Women's Federation and 3.Traffic safety materials, languages used, etc.; Project office, mosque to promote the knowledge people's bureau; project and 2. The number of traffic safety knowledge project owner, traffic of traffic safety and management office, project owners and management training conducted by relevant institutions bureau, traffic police during their lectures; construction institutions; knowledge and offices in combination with skill brigade and related 2.Use relevant institutions and External monitoring promotion and training shall not be less than 40% of the ethnic minority offices to carry out skill training institutions for the education participants, women and ethnic minority villages and train traffic safety knowledge, development of ethnic residents. and pay attention to the minorities; Cadres and 3. Form and content of education participation of women and ethnic residents of ethnic minority promotion by schools in the project area. minorities in relevant skill training; communities (including 3. Use the school's publicity representatives of ethnic education to carry out safety minorities, women and poor

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knowledge training for primary households). school students. A group of traffic supervision and Records of meetings of the establishment management is set up to ensure the of the traffic safety and management 4.Traffic safety participation of representatives of oversight group; The number of Project office, supervision women and minority nationalities representatives of ethnic minorities in project owner and Ethnic village and by convening the members of the supervisory and management teams relevant ethnic management community residents' Congress to should not be less than 40 per cent and minority villages recommend and elect the members women should not be less than 20 per of the management group. cent. 1. Through newspapers, TV stations, radio stations, bulletin boards, etc., the public notice and 1. The form, number and time of publicity notification of established and notification of complaints and appeals complaint channels and complaints channels, as well as villagers' feedback channels can be solicited for records, etc. Project office, 5.Complaint opinions. 2. Records of meetings of community project owner and and complaint 2.To understand the opinions and Ethnic village resident representatives, in-depth relevant ethnic channels suggestions on the form of interviews and meeting minutes of minority villages complaint channels, contacts, symposiums, written records of residents' contacts and satisfaction, through opinions and feedback in ethnic minority the convening of the representative communities. meetings of minority communities, in-depth interviews with residents, and seminars, etc.

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Appendix 4 : Some photos of the field survey

A meeting in Zhuanzui village A meeting in Datan Village

A meeting in Xinzhai Village Physical quantity statistics along the line

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