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State and Development of Nuclear Energy Utilization in the Federal Republic of Germany 2016

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State and Development of Nuclear Energy Utilization in the Federal Republic of Germany 2016 State and Development of Nuclear Energy Utilization in the Federal Republic of Germany 2016 Department of Nuclear Safety and Supervision in Nuclear Waste Management Ines Bredberg (BfE) Johann Hutter (BfE) Kerstin Kühn (BfE) Katarzyna Niedzwiedz (BfE) Frank Philippczyk (BfE) Achim Thömmes (BfS) BfE-KE-02/17 Bitte beziehen Sie sich beim Zitieren dieses Dokuments immer auf folgende URN: urn:nbn:de:0221-2017091814397 Zur Beachtung: BfE-Berichte und BfE-Schriften können von den Internetseiten des Bundesamtes für kerntechnische Entsorgungssicherheit unter http://www.bfe.bund.de kostenlos als Volltexte heruntergeladen werden. Salzgitter, Oktober 2017 State and Development of Nuclear Energy Utilization in the Federal Republic of Germany 2016 Department of Nuclear Safety and Supervision in Nuclear Waste Management Ines Bredberg (BfE) Johann Hutter (BfE) Kerstin Kühn (BfE) Katarzyna Niedzwiedz (BfE) Frank Philippczyk (BfE) Achim Thömmes (BfS) CONTENTS LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ...................................................................................................................................... 6 1 ELECTRIC ENERGY PRODUCTION IN GERMANY ............................................................ 11 1.1 GENERAL .............................................................................................................................................. 11 1.2 THE RENEWABLE ENERGIES ACT ........................................................................................................... 12 1.3 PHASE-OUT OF ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION THROUGH NUCLEAR ENERGY ................................................ 12 1.3.1 Consequences of the reactor accident in Fukushima .................................................................................. 12 1.3.2 Current nuclear legislation in Germany ..................................................................................................... 13 1.3.3 Electricity volumes generated in Germany ................................................................................................. 13 1.3.4 Tasks of the Federal Office for the Safety of Nuclear Waste Management ...................................................... 13 2 NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS ......................................................................................... 16 2.1 NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS IN OPERATION ............................................................................................... 18 2.1.1 Availabilities and reportable events .......................................................................................................... 18 2.1.2 Plant- and licensing status....................................................................................................................... 18 2.2 NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS FINALLY SHUT DOWN .................................................................................... 20 2.3 NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS UNDER DECOMMISSIONING ............................................................................ 22 2.4 NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS RELEASED FROM REGULATORY CONTROL ..................................................... 26 2.5 STOPPED NUCLEAR POWER PLANT PROJECTS ....................................................................................... 27 3 RESEARCH REACTORS .............................................................................................. 28 3.1 RESEARCH REACTORS IN OPERATION .................................................................................................... 28 3.2 RESEARCH REACTORS FINALLY SHUT DOWN ......................................................................................... 29 3.3 RESEARCH REACTORS UNDER DECOMMISSIONING ................................................................................. 31 3.4 RESEARCH REACTORS RELEASED FROM REGULATORY CONTROL .......................................................... 33 4 PLANTS OF NUCLEAR FUEL SUPPLY AND WASTE MANAGEMENT ................................... 36 4.1 URANIUM ENRICHMENT PLANTS ............................................................................................................. 36 4.2 FUEL ELEMENT FABRICATION PLANTS ................................................................................................... 36 4.2.1 Fuel element fabrication plant in operation ................................................................................................ 36 4.2.2 Fuel element fabrication plants released from regulatory control .................................................................. 37 4.3 STORAGE OF SPENT FUEL ELEMENTS .................................................................................................... 38 4.3.1 Storage in nuclear power plants ............................................................................................................... 38 4.3.2 Storage in decentralised on-site interim storage facilities ............................................................................ 38 3 4.3.3 Storage in central interim storage facilities ................................................................................................ 42 4.4 INTERIM STORAGE OF RADIOACTIVE WASTE AND NUCLEAR FUELS ......................................................... 44 4.4.1 Interim storage of radioactive waste ......................................................................................................... 44 4.4.2 Government custody of nuclear fuels ........................................................................................................ 44 4.5 REPROCESSING OF NUCLEAR FUELS ..................................................................................................... 44 4.6 CONDITIONING OF FUEL ELEMENTS ........................................................................................................ 46 4.7 DISPOSAL ............................................................................................................................................. 47 4.7.1 Legal foundations for disposal ................................................................................................................. 47 4.7.2 Responsibilities regarding the surveillance of radioactive waste repositories ................................................ 48 4.7.3 Repository and decommissioning projects ................................................................................................ 49 ANNEXES - SURVEY .......................................................................................................................................54 ANNEX I – NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS ........................................................................................................55 ANNEX II – RESEARCH REACTORS ..............................................................................................................64 ANNEX III – PLANTS OF NUCLEAR FUEL SUPPLY AND WASTE MANAGEMENT ....................................72 4 SUMMARY On 30 July 2016, the “Act on the Organisational Restructuring in the Field of Radioactive Waste Management” entered into force. It provides that the majority of the federal licensing and regulatory tasks in the field of nuclear engineering, interim storage, repository site selection and repository surveillance be combined in a new authority, the Federal Office for the Safety of Nuclear Waste Management (BfE). With the entry into force of the Act, the corresponding specialised tasks of the Federal Office for Radiation Protection (BfS) were transferred to the BfE. The BfE has now the tasks of drawing up the annual status report on the use of nuclear energy. A federally-owned company, Bundesgesellschaft für Endlagerung mbH (BGE) will now take responsibility for the operative tasks of searching for a repository site, the construction and operation of the repositories and of the Asse II and Gorleben mines. This report describes the use of nuclear energy in the Federal Republic of Germany as at 31 December 2016. It contains the essential data of all nuclear power plants, research reactors and the facilities of the nuclear fuel cycle. At the reporting moment 31 December 2016, eight nuclear power plant units were in operation. The power generation from nuclear energy in 2016 amounted to altogether 84.6 TWh (2015: 91.8 TWh). The share of nuclear energy in the total gross electricity production was 13.0 % (2015: 14.2 %).1 The report summarises the essential operational results of the nuclear power plants and information on granted licences. A short description of the present state of the nuclear power plants that have been shut down or decommissioned and of the stopped projects is given. Concerning research reactors essential data on type, characteristics (thermal power, thermal neutron flux) and purpose of the facility are represented. Furthermore, an overview is given of the licensing and operation history and the present state of the operating condition. For the facilities of the nuclear fuel cycle data on purpose and capacity and output are given. Furthermore, the licensing history and the present status of operation and licensing are represented. In the area of radioactive waste disposal, the new legal structures, the supervision, and the current projects are described. To give a survey, the data is summarised in tabular form at the end of in the report (Annexes). The report is updated and published once a year. 1 Preliminarily estimated values March 2017/ source: BDEW 5 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ADIBKA Burn-up measurement of differential fuel elements
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