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NATIONAL SEMINAR ON PERSPECTIVES OF HIMALAYAN ENVIRONMENT OCTOBER 30, 2010 Souvenir with Abstracts ORGANISED BY HIMALAYA SAMIKSHA PARISHAD AT S. P. Chatterjee Memorial Hall Department of Geography, University of Calcutta 35, Ballygunj Circular Road Kolkata 700019 IN COLLABORATION WITH Department of Geography, University of Calcutta National Atlas and Thematic Mapping Organisation Netaji Institute for Asian Studies, Kolkata Department of Forest, Government of West Bengal i SEMINAR ORGANISING COMMITTEE Convener : Prof. Sunando Bandyopadhyay Co-convener : Dr. Lakshmi Narayan Satpati, Organising Secretary : Mr. Saptarshi Mitra Treasurer : Dr. Sutapa Saha Members: Prof. M.K. Bandyopadhyay Prof. S.C. Mukhopadhyay Prof. Kanan Chatterjee Prof. Mamata Desai Dr. Pratima Rohatgi Dr. Sunil Kumar De Ms. Kabita Mitra Dr. Subhamita Chaudhuri Ms. Krishna Ray Ms. Pranati Basak Dr. Satarupa Das Gupta Dr. Jayanta Sen Dr. Biswajit Bera Ms. Suranjana Banerjee Ms. Sreetapa Nandy Mr. Arindam Sarkar Cover Drawing: Ramananda Bandyopadhyay Contact: Himalaya Samiksha Parishad Room # 527 : Department of Geography Ballygunj Science College 35 Ballygunj Circular Road Kolkata 700019 e-mail: [email protected] ii Table of Contents Preamble 1 Keynote Address by Dr. Prithvish Nag: Resource Appraisal and Environmental 2 Challenges in Himalaya: Possible Role of Geoinformatics AUTHOR PAPER PAGE Theme-I: Geomorphic evolution, structure and tectonics Arindam Sarkar et al. Physiography of Pithoragarh 9 Mery Biswas Valley formation of Mandakini Basin, Uttarkhand 10 Ritendu Changing courses of western Himalayan rivers from 10 Mukhopadhyay et al. late quaternary to the present: A palaeogeographic observation Theme-II: Natural hazards: Risk assessment and mitigation Amit Kumar Pandit Global warming and Himalayan Lakes 12 Anju Gupta Mechanics, causes and possible mitigation of the 12 landslides: A case study of Kashmir Himalaya Baishakhi Modak Cloudburst and flash flood in Ladakh 13 Biswajit Bera Landslide Hazard in Sikkim Himalayas: Geological 14 control and human action Dev Dutta Sharma Hydrological disasters in Himachal Pradesh 15 Kaustubh Lahari Kiematics and morphology of landslides in eastern 16 Himalayan foot slope along Doors Mamta Desai Sustainable approaches to disaster management in the 17 hill areas Papri Basu Lc¡le¡b J hâ£e¡b A’ml i¨fËL«¢a Hhw p¡ÇfË¢aL 18 f¢lhnNa ¢LR¥ Bm¡Qe¡ Partha Basu Causes related to sinking landmasses of Kalimpang 18 subdivision and need for a comprehensive watershed management Sayan Mandal Flash flood: A sudden, unexpected disaster in the 19 Himalayan region Soumita Banerjee Earthquake in the Himalayan region 20 Sutapa Mukherjee Problems of glacier retreat in the Himalaya and its 21 related environmental hazards iii Utpal Roy et al. Evaluating Physico-anthropogenic Influences on 22 landslide vulnerability in Kurseong town, WB Theme-III: Biodiversity and mountain environment Alpa Basu Retreat of Gangotri Glacier, Himalaya: Some 22 observations Aparna Ghosh et al. Unique and threatened biodiversity of Himalayas 23 Nandini Chatterjee Pollution of Naini Lake, Nainital, Uttarkhand: A 24 critical environmental issue Panchali Sengupta and A Report on some of the butterfly fauna from the 25 Narayan Ghorai highest altitudinal zone of the Neora Valley National Park, West Bengal, India Ratanlal Biswas ¢qj¡mul pl¡hl 26 Sayantan Das ¢hm¤¢çl fb M¡¢Su¡l qÊÊc 27 Suranjana Banerjee The Himalayan wetlands: Regional efforts for 28 conservation and management Theme-IV: Socio-cultural diversity and change Amrita Paul the ethno spectra of Indian Himalayan region with 29 special reference to Galos Anwesha Haldar A geographical account of Sangla village, Kinnaur, 31 Himachal Pradesh Nilanjana Das The queen and the coolies: A case study of Shimla, 32 Himachal Pradesh Rajib Chatterjee People of Darjeeling Himalaya: Some observations 32 Satarupa Dasgupta Impact of tribal culture on ecological sustainability of 32 the Arunachal Himalayas Soumendu Chatterjee A Spatio-structural Analysis of Urban Habitat types 34 et al. in Gangtok Town, Sikkim Sreetapa Nandy i¡lj¡l J L¥N¢a - HL¢V am¥ e¡j§mL Bm¡Qe¡ 34 Subhas Chandra Man, environment and development of parts of the 35 Mukhopadhyay western Himalaya, with reference to some tribes, Theme-V: Natural resource management and policy implementation Bedhas Ujjwal Mandal Land resource management of Kalej Khola Basin, 36 Sikkim Dipanjali Naskar and Land resource management of Chalsa fan area, West 37 Sonali Das Bengal iv Koheli Naskar et al. Fluvial environment and land resource development 38 of West District, Sikkim Padmini Pani Land use / land cover mapping in western Himalaya: 38 A study using digital image processing, remote sensing techniques and GIS Salma Sultana Land capability classification – An approach for soil 39 conservation with special reference to Kalimpong Subdivision, Darjeeling District, West Bengal Saptarshi Mitra Rural sanitation scenario in the Kalimpong–I Block, 40 Darjiling district: A case study Teesta Dey Hydropower potential and emerging dispute in the 41 eastern Himalaya: The case of Brahmaputra river Theme-VI: Role of geo-informatics in natural hazard management Soumen Dey Identification of Landslide prone areas of Darjeeling 42 District using Remote Sensing & GIS techniques – A case study Sunil Kumar De A study of landslides through analysis of causes and 43 susceptibility zoning in the Kurseong subdivision of Darjiling Himalayas Theme-VII: Tourism, mountaineering and other anthropogenic activities Bratati Dey Satopanth Tal (Lake) – Myth and realities 44 Kamalika Basu Tourism of newly explored parts of western 45 Himalaya – A case study of Chamba district Piyal Basu Roy and Tourism and terrorism: A study of North-East India 45 Sukanta Das Premangshu Tourism for survival: A case study on Lachen and 46 Chakrabarty Lachung, north Sikkim Shilpi Roy and Transport and tourism of the Himalayan region 46 Anindita Mukherjee Sk Munsur Alam Prospects of adventure tourism in the Himalayas - A 47 comparative study of trekking in Uttarakhand and Sikkim Sunita Chandra A SWOT analysis of tourism in sikkim and finding 48 means for a sustainable development Sutapa Saha The role of tourism in the water scarcity of Darjiling 48 Suvradip Halder and Problems and prospects of Tourism In Kashmir 49 Mahua Bardhan Himalaya: A case study of Pahalgam v Theme-VII: Himalayan geopolitics Chandrima Gorkhaland: Beacon against rise of statehood 51 Bandyopadhyay et al. Kunaljeet Roy and Himalayan geopolitics: A quest to command over 52 Chandrama natural resources Bhattacharya Lakshmi Narayan Chinese hegemony in geopolitics of the Himalayan 53 Satpati region Md. Iqbal Sultan Geopolitical conflicts in Himalayan buffer region: A 54 review on geographical perspective Rituparna Khan The Himalayas: Silk road geopolitics 54 (Bishnu) vi Preamble The Himalaya Samiksha Parishad is an academic organisation playing a significant role as a resource centre for disseminating information about the Himalayas. The Parishad was set up in 1976. At present the organisation has a wide base with members from different walks of life. Scholars from disciplines like anthropology, geography, botany and zoology take active part in its activities. The National Seminar on Perspectives of Himalayan Environment aims to provide a stimulative platform to discuss and exchange ideas on various aspects of the Himalaya. The Himalaya is a unique environment. The majesty and splendour of the Himalaya have captivated people from all over the world. Its impact on the physical, political and socio-cultural environment of the Indian sub- continent is immense. The fragile and unstable environment of the Himalaya is prone to natural hazards. It has also not been exempted from the influence of developmental activities, which has seriously affected its environs. The Himalaya Samiksha Parishad feels that a better understanding of the Himalaya—its geographical and geo-political influence as well as man- nature relationship—would go a long way in understanding the present problems of the region. ~ Seminar Organising Committee 1 KEYNOTE ADDRESS RESOURCE APPRAISAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHALLENGES IN HIMALAYA: POSSIBLE ROLE OF GEOINFORMATICS Prithvish Nag Director, National Atlas and Thematic Mapping Organisation, Kolkata Himalayan mountain region harbours unique ecosystems. Many varieties of plants and animals have originated in the mountains. Mountain people cultivate many lesser-known crops and medicinal plants. This biodiversity is of immense value for the future. The mountains also provide scenic beauty and recreation. Mountain areas are considered to be the abode of Gods and Goddesses and have an important place in religion and mythology. A healthy mountain environment, besides being prosperous themselves, also keep the rivers originating from it, healthy. A healthy watershed upstream helps to regulate the hydrological regime downstream. The benefits of fresh water and clean energy that mountains can provide downstream, requires good management of the catchment. Therefore, maintaining the health of mountain area is important for the economy, ecology and environment, locally and globally. Mountain ecosystems are fragile. They are susceptible to soil erosion, landslides and loss of genetic diversity. Indian Himalayan region The Indian Himalayan Region has an area of 5, 31,250 km square, which is about 16% of India's total geographical area. It is spread over the states of Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, West Bengal, Sikkim, and the seven sister