Published Wit/I the Approbation Ofthe Board of Trustees
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
• JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY CIRCULARS Published wit/i the approbation ofthe Board of Trustees VOL. 11.—No. 25.11 BAlTIMORE, AUGUST, 1883. [PRIcE 10 CENTS. CALENDAR, 1883-84. Tuesday, September 18. Next Term Begins. Tuesday, Sept. 18—Saturday, Sept. 22. Examinations for Matriculation. Tuesday, September 25. Instructions Resumed. Friday, June 7. Next Term Closes. CONTENTS. PACE PAGE Scientific Notes: ~. M. ARMSTRONG, Taxation in Maryland.—T. WILLIAMS, Phzlology. The Revised Tariff in its Relation to the Economic History B. L. GILDI~RSLEEVI~, Symmetry in. Pindar.—A. H. TOLMAN, of the United States, 140—148 Lawsof Tone-Color in the English Language.—J. R. HARRIs, Notes on the Euthalian Stichometry—A. M. ELLIOTT, Pane- Biology. tional Differences of the Pa4 Participle in the Periphrastic E Ml. HAUTWELL, On the Relation of Bilateral Symmetry to Perfects of the Latin, etc—Mi. WARRRN On a Plautine Pun..— Function.—A. H. TUTTLE, Ciliated Epithelium in the Human M. BLOOM FIELD, Etymologyof~iAog.—H. C. G. V. .JAGEMANN, Kidney 149 Relation of the Norman Dialect to English Pronunciation.— Correspondence: C. W. E. MILLER, Lyricand Non-lyric in Aristophanes.— B. L. GILDERSLERVE, Note on the last named paper, . 138-142 ~ braryHAMMOND.—A.Building CAYLEY.—N. H. MORIsON, The Peabody 160—161Li MetIsemetics. J. J. SYLVESTER, On F’arey Series.—W. E. STORY, On the Num- Effects of Temperature on the Mammalian Heart, by H. N. ber of Intersections of Curves traced on aScroll of any Order.— MARTIN, . 151 F. FRANKLIN, On an Expression fir Euler’s Constant—A. S. The Eclipse of the Sun on May 6, 1883, . 162 HATHAWAY, A Proof of a Theorem of Jacobi.—O. H. MITCHRLL, Note on Conic Sections.—E W. DAvis, Note on List of Works in the Peabody Library Relating to Assyrian, Bi,~odal Quartics.—E. BARNES, Note on the Strophoids.— etc., Texts, and Inscriptions 168 G. S. ELY, Some Notes on the Numbers of Bernoullli and Euler 143—146 List of Models of Mathematical Surfaces 154 Physics. Synopsis of Recent Journals: C. H. KOYL, On Professor Langley’s “Selective Absorption,” . 145 American Jotirnal of Philology 164 History and Political Science. Degrees Conferred, 1883 166 C. H. SHINN, Spanish Plots in the Southwest; Immigration.— Appointments, 1883-84, 155 F. J. GooDNGW, The Office of Public Prosecut~r.—H. W. CAL DWELL, The Income Tax in the United States. — Proceedings of Societies, 166 PUBLICATIONS OF THE JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY. I. American Journal of Mathematics. VII. Johns Hopkins University circulars. J. J. SYLvESTEE, Editor. Quarterly. 4to. Vol. V. in progress. $5 per volume. Containing reperts of scientific and literary work in progress in Baltimore. 4to~ II. American Chemical Journal. $1 per year. Volume I, in cloth, with index, $3. I. REMSEN, Editor. Si-monthly. Svo. Volume IV. in progress. $3 per volume. VIII. Annual Report. III. American Journal of Philology.. Theher,Seventh1882.) Report reviews thework of theUniversity from 1876 to 1882. (Septem. B.volume.L. GILDERSLEEVE, Editor. Quarterly. Svo. Volume IV. in progress. $3 per IX. Annual Register. IV. Studies from the Biological Lahoratory. Giving the list of officers and students, and stating the regulations, etc., of the Uni Includin,, the ChesapeakeZodlogical Laboratory. H. N. MARTIN, Editor, and W. K. versity. Published at the close of theAcademic Year. BROOKS, Associate Editor. Svo. Vel. II. in progress. $s per volume. X. The Journal of Physiology. V. Studies in Historical and Political Science. • Edite~i by PRoricssoRMICHAEL FOSTER of Cambridge, Eng., is published wilh theaid H. B. ADAMS, Editor. Monthly. 8vo. $3 for twelve numbers. of theJohns Hopkins University. Volume IV. in progress. Svo. $5 pervolume. VI. Contrihutions to Logic. .. The University Circulars, Annual Repart, and Annual Register will be sent by mail for C. S. PEIRCE, Editor. Little, Brown & Co., Boston, Publishers, one dollar perannum. University Circular, No. 24, containing announcements of the courses offered for the next academic year, and a Special Circular relating to College Courses will be sent on application~ 138 JOHNS HOPKINS [No. 25. SCIENTIFIC NOTES On the work of Members of this University in Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Ancient and Modern Languages, History, Political Science, Psychology, Ethics, and Logic. NOTES IN PHILOLOGY. that Delphic expressioa, it ought to have an m~qoPa2u6t’ also. But there is Symmetry in Pindar, by B. L. GILDE1I~LEEVE. danger of carrying the analogy too far. The trunk of man, for instance, [Abstract of a paper read at the meeting of the University Philological Association, is beautifully symmetrical on the outside, but within the vital organs are April 6, 1883]. packed away with scant regard to symmetry. Beart, lungs, liver, with- It is impossible for any one that studies Greek literary art not to out which the skin would be a dead hide, are not remarkable for the count on symmetry. The tendency to balance, to parallelism is univer- balance of their forms. So it may be said that the inner organism of a sal. In Greek the tendency is a law. Pindaric ode need not correspond to the outer form, and that the five It is needless to enlarge on this. The law of correspondence—measure triads of the Third Pythian may be chopped up into seven Terpandrian answering to measure—is fundamental and has been applied to every parts—chopped up, for the knife does not come down on the rhythmical sphere of Greek art, pictorial, plastic, literary, not without overstraining, joints. But where shall we find anything like this in Greek literature? yet not without great profit. In music as in architecture it is unques- The further we penetrate into Greek poetry, the greater reason have we tioned. Even frivolous Offenbach has said: “Music is an algebra.” to acknowledge the reign of symmetry. Violation of symmetry, of cor- Poetry like music is made up of equations. respondence, may be referred in every instance either to defective tradi- In Pindar the symmetry of form is evident. The odes are composed tion or to designed disturbance. As in Greek architecture, so in Greek either of corresponding strophes or of corresponding triads (strophe, anti- poetry, departures from symmetry are not only suffered but enjoined strophe, and epode). But this is not enough. There must be within each for the sake of a higher symmetrical effect, for the maintenance of the strophe, each epode, another balance, another correspondence, another feeling of life. The straight line of mechanics becomes the curved line symmetry. Westphal first distinctly postulated this correspondence and of art. The entasis of the Doria column, the flexure of the Doria stylobate opened the way for the establishment of it, but like other bold and bril- are familiar illustrations of the law of visual effect. The Greek artist liant originators, he wearied of his own work, renounced his own princi- had regard to the position that his work was to occupy, to the angle in ples. Perhaps he did not like his following. Heinrich Schmidt began which it would present itself to the eye of the beholder. So in Greek his metrical and rhythmical studies as a worker on the lines laid down by poetry we must consider the law of higher symmetry, the principle of Westphal, although he differs from his forerunner at every turn, and in artistic unity, the calculated effect on the hearer—and we must remember the last few weeks Moriz Schmidt, well known as a Pindaric scholar, far that we have to do with the hearer, not with the reader. ~2rtxoiivOiais from being satisfied with the results of his predecessors, has set up his well, but when passionate utterance gives two verses the time of one, we schemes in opposition to Westphal’s and Heinrich Schmidt’s. must not heedle-sly apply the knife because the passage looks out of bal- A sample of the divergencies may be given. In the epode of 0. 6 Ross- ance. But these interferences apart, we expect a symmetry in contents bach-Westphal saw three mesodic periods with an epodikon: corresponding to symmetry in form, and we cannot admit a logical divis- ion which shall ruthlessly run across all the lines of the artistic structure. 1.3,2,3. II. 442,44. III. 43,33,33,4. 4Epod. We must seek the symmetry of thought, where the symmetry of the form is revealed, in strophe, in triad. Each strophe has its office, each triad Heinrich Schmidt marks five: its function, and as it is important that nothing should tempt the eye I. 323. II. 442. Ill. 44,4. 3br. IV. 3333. V. 44. from its work, an edition of Pindar, with a triad on each page, is almost a necessity to the student who wishes to approach the poet directly. The Moriz Schmidt pronounces both wrong and constructs a different only concessions that must be made to logical distribution are those that scheme: must be made in the same department of art. We must simply allow.the A 6 44 6=20. B 44444= 16. A’ 66 44=20. strophe and the triad the same play that we allow foot and series in the It will be observed that the number of bars in Rossbach-Westphal end verse.* in H. Schmidt is the same. In Moriz Schmidt, owing to the great range Reduce the Terpandrian v6,io~ to a more simple expression, see in it he allows himself in the use of rov4 and ?uc ia—the power of prolonging nothing more than a somewhat bizarre statement of the general principles and the power of resting—the number is slightly increased. He has that manifest themselves in an oration of Isokrates or a dialogue of Plato fifty-six against flftythree. But the other differences are graver.