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Galeterone for the Treatment of Castration- Resistant Prostate Cancer Bruce Montgomery1, Mario A
Published OnlineFirst November 2, 2015; DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-15-1432 Cancer Therapy: Clinical Clinical Cancer Research Androgen Receptor Modulation Optimized for Response (ARMOR) Phase I and II Studies: Galeterone for the Treatment of Castration- Resistant Prostate Cancer Bruce Montgomery1, Mario A. Eisenberger2, Matthew B. Rettig3, Franklin Chu4, Roberto Pili5, Joseph J. Stephenson6, Nicholas J. Vogelzang7, Alan J. Koletsky8, Luke T. Nordquist9, William J. Edenfield10, Khalid Mamlouk11, Karen J. Ferrante11, and Mary-Ellen Taplin12 Abstract Purpose: Galeterone is a selective, multitargeted agent that Results: In ARMOR1, across all doses, 49.0% (24/49) achieved a inhibits CYP17, antagonizes the androgen receptor (AR), and 30% decline in prostate-specific antigen (PSA; PSA30) and reduces AR expression in prostate cancer cells by causing an 22.4% (11/49) demonstrated a 50% PSA decline (PSA50). In increase in AR protein degradation. These open-label phase I ARMOR2 part 1, across all doses, PSA30 was 64.0% (16/25) and and II studies [Androgen Receptor Modulation Optimized PSA50 was 48.0% (12/25). In the 2,550-mg dose cohort, PSA30 for Response-1 (ARMOR1) and ARMOR2 part 1] evaluated was 72.7% (8/11) and PSA50 was 54.5% (6/11). Galeterone was the efficacy and safety of galeterone in patients with treat- well tolerated; the most common adverse events were fatigue, ment-naive nonmetastatic or metastatic castration-resistant increased liver enzymes, gastrointestinal events, and pruritus. Most prostate cancer (CRPC) and established a dose for further were mild or moderate in severity and required no action and there study. were no apparent mineralocorticoid excess (AME) events. -
Tanibirumab (CUI C3490677) Add to Cart
5/17/2018 NCI Metathesaurus Contains Exact Match Begins With Name Code Property Relationship Source ALL Advanced Search NCIm Version: 201706 Version 2.8 (using LexEVS 6.5) Home | NCIt Hierarchy | Sources | Help Suggest changes to this concept Tanibirumab (CUI C3490677) Add to Cart Table of Contents Terms & Properties Synonym Details Relationships By Source Terms & Properties Concept Unique Identifier (CUI): C3490677 NCI Thesaurus Code: C102877 (see NCI Thesaurus info) Semantic Type: Immunologic Factor Semantic Type: Amino Acid, Peptide, or Protein Semantic Type: Pharmacologic Substance NCIt Definition: A fully human monoclonal antibody targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), with potential antiangiogenic activity. Upon administration, tanibirumab specifically binds to VEGFR2, thereby preventing the binding of its ligand VEGF. This may result in the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and a decrease in tumor nutrient supply. VEGFR2 is a pro-angiogenic growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase expressed by endothelial cells, while VEGF is overexpressed in many tumors and is correlated to tumor progression. PDQ Definition: A fully human monoclonal antibody targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), with potential antiangiogenic activity. Upon administration, tanibirumab specifically binds to VEGFR2, thereby preventing the binding of its ligand VEGF. This may result in the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and a decrease in tumor nutrient supply. VEGFR2 is a pro-angiogenic growth factor receptor -
A10 Anabolic Steroids Hardcore Info
CONTENTS GENERAL INFORMATION 3 Anabolic steroids – What are they? 4 How do they Work? – Aromatisation 5 More molecules – More problems 6 The side effects of anabolic steroids 7 Women and anabolic steroids 8 Injecting steroids 9 Abscesses – Needle Exchanges 10 Intramuscular injection 11 Injection sites 12 Oral steroids – Cycles – Stacking 13 Diet 14 Where do steroids come from? Spotting a counterfeit 15 Drug Information – Drug dosage STEROIDS 16 Anadrol – Andriol 17 Anavar – Deca-Durabolin 18 Dynabolon – Durabolin – Dianabol 19 Esiclene – Equipoise 20 Primobolan Depot – Proviron – Primobolan orals – Pronobol 21 Sustanon – Stromba, Strombaject – Testosterone Cypionate Testosterone Enanthate 22 Testosterone Propionate – Testosterone Suspension 23 Trenbolone Acetate – Winstrol OTHER DRUGS 24 Aldactone – Arimidex 25 Clenbuterol – Cytomel 26 Ephedrine Hydrochloride – GHB 27 Growth Hormone 28 Insulin 30 Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 – Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin 31 Tamoxifen – Nubain – Recreational Drugs 32 Steroids and the Law 34 Glossary ANABOLIC STEROIDS People use anabolic steroids for various reasons, some use them to build muscle for their job, others just want to look good and some use them to help them in sport or body building. Whatever the reason, care needs to be taken so that as little harm is done to the body as possible because despite having muscle building effects they also have serious side effects especially when used incorrectly. WHAT ARE THEY? Anabolic steroids are man made versions of the hormone testosterone. Testosterone is the chemical in men responsible for facial hair, deepening of the voice and sex organ development, basically the masculine things Steroids are in a man. used in medicine to treat anaemia, muscle weakness after These masculine effects surgery etc, vascular are called the androgenic disorders and effects of testosterone. -
Download Product Insert (PDF)
Product Information Galeterone Item No. 17586 N CAS Registry No.: 851983-85-2 Formal Name: 17-(1H-benzimidazol-1-yl)-androsta- 5,16-dien-3β-ol N Synonym: TOK-001 MF: C26H32N2O FW: 388.6 H Purity: ≥98% H H Stability: ≥2 years at -20°C Supplied as: A crystalline solid HO Laboratory Procedures For long term storage, we suggest that galeterone be stored as supplied at -20°C. It should be stable for at least two years. Galeterone is supplied as a crystalline solid. A stock solution may be made by dissolving the galeterone in the solvent of choice. Galeterone is soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol, DMSO, and dimethyl formamide (DMF), which should be purged with an inert gas. The solubility of galeterone in ethanol and DMSO is approximately 20 mg/ml and approximately 30 mg/ml in DMF. Galeterone is sparingly soluble in aqueous buffers. For maximum solubility in aqueous buffers, galeterone should first be dissolved in DMF and then diluted with the aqueous buffer of choice. Galeterone has a solubility of approximately 0.2 mg/ml in a 1:3 solution of DMF:PBS (pH 7.2) using this method. We do not recommend storing the aqueous solution for more than one day. The cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoform CYP17 is also known as steroid 17α-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase because it catalyzes both 17α-hydroxylase and 17,20 lyase reactions in the synthesis of steroids, including androgens, estrogens, glucocorticoids, 1 and mineralocorticoids. Galeterone is a CYP17 inhibitor (IC50 = 300 nM) that has been shown to competitively block synthetic androgen binding (EC50 = 845 nM) and to antagonize the androgen receptor in transcriptional activation 2 assays. -
Therapies Targeted to Androgen Receptor Signaling Axis in Prostate Cancer: Progress, Challenges, and Hope
cancers Review Therapies Targeted to Androgen Receptor Signaling Axis in Prostate Cancer: Progress, Challenges, and Hope Sirin Saranyutanon 1,2, Sanjeev Kumar Srivastava 1,2,*, Sachin Pai 3, Seema Singh 1,2,4 and Ajay Pratap Singh 1,2,4,* 1 Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36617, USA; [email protected] (S.S.); [email protected] (S.S.) 2 Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36604, USA 3 Department of Medical Oncology, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36604, USA; [email protected] 4 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA * Correspondence: [email protected] (S.K.S.); [email protected] (A.P.S.); Tel.: +1-251-445-9874 (S.K.S.); +1-251-445-9843 (A.P.S.) Received: 4 November 2019; Accepted: 18 December 2019; Published: 23 December 2019 Abstract: Prostate cancer is the mostly commonly diagnosed non-cutaneous malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer-related death affecting men in the United States. Moreover, it disproportionately affects the men of African origin, who exhibit significantly greater incidence and mortality as compared to the men of European origin. Since androgens play an important role in the growth of normal prostate and prostate tumors, targeting of androgen signaling has remained a mainstay for the treatment of aggressive prostate cancer. Over the years, multiple approaches have been evaluated to effectively target the androgen signaling pathway that include direct targeting of the androgens, androgen receptor (AR), AR co-regulators or other alternate mechanisms that impact the outcome of androgen signaling. -
Development of Combination Therapy for Prostate Cancer
DEVELOPMENT OF COMBINATION THERAPY FOR PROSTATE CANCER A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Alexander R. Root July 2017 © 2017 Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences ALL RIGHTS RESERVED DEVELOPMENT OF COMBINATION THERAPY FOR PROSTATE CANCER Alexander R. Root, Ph.D. Cornell University 2017 There is an unmet need in prostate cancer for effective therapies to prevent the emergence of resistance. Combinations of small molecules targeting key pathways are a promising strategy. I investigated how populations of the early metastatic prostate cancer cell line LNCaP respond at the proteomic and pheno- typic levels to six clinically-relevant, one-drug treatments and their 15 pairs of two-drug combinations, administered simultaneously to treatment-naive cells. After 24 hours of drug addition for all 21 drug treatments I measured 52 total- proteins by selected-reaction monitoring mass-spectrometry based proteomics (SRM), 20 phospho-proteins, and 50 total-proteins by reverse-phase protein ar- rays (RPPA). I measured phenotypic effects on cell proliferation and apoptosis in all conditions using phase-contrast and fluorescence microscopy. Network analysis identified (phospho)-proteins with large responses to drug treatments that are druggable with FDA-approved drugs or have nearest-neighbors that are druggable. A total of ten drugs targeting these nearest responder (phospho)-proteins were tested in single, double, and triple combinations. I found that 7 out of 10 triple combinations co-targeting androgen receptor and PI3K pathways were no more effective than the two-drug combination at the doses tested: PRKC (en- zastaurin), MAPK (losmapimod), STAT3 (napabucasin), HDAC (panobinostat), SRC (saracatinib), casein kinase (silmitasertib), MAPK (ulixertinib). -
7.Alpha.-Methyl 19-Nortestosterone
Europäisches Patentamt *EP001087986B1* (19) European Patent Office Office européen des brevets (11) EP 1 087 986 B1 (12) EUROPEAN PATENT SPECIFICATION (45) Date of publication and mention (51) Int Cl.7: C07J 1/00, A61K 31/565 of the grant of the patent: 10.04.2002 Bulletin 2002/15 (86) International application number: PCT/EP99/04102 (21) Application number: 99929208.9 (87) International publication number: (22) Date of filing: 14.06.1999 WO 99/67271 (29.12.1999 Gazette 1999/52) (54) 7.ALPHA.-METHYL 19-NORTESTOSTERONE UNDECANOATE WITH ANDROGENIC ACTIVITY 7.ALPHA.-METHYL 19-NORTESTOSTERON UNDECANOAT MIT ANDROGENISCHER AKTIVITÄT DERIVE DE TESTOSTERONE (84) Designated Contracting States: (56) References cited: AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU US-A- 5 342 834 MC NL PT SE • CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS, vol. 127, no. 18, 3 (30) Priority: 19.06.1998 EP 98202052 November 1997 (1997-11-03) Columbus, Ohio, US; abstract no. 243354, KUMAR N ET AL: (43) Date of publication of application: "Pharmacokinetics of 04.04.2001 Bulletin 2001/14 7.alpha.-methyl-19-nortestosterone in men and cynomolgus monkeys" page 89; column 2; (73) Proprietor: Akzo Nobel N.V. XP002082919 & J. ANDROL., vol. 18, no. 4, 1997, 6824 BM Arnhem (NL) pages 352-358, • CHAUDRY M A Q ET AL: "Hansch analysis of the (72) Inventors: anabolic activities of some nandrolone esters" • LEYSEN, Dirk JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY., vol. 17, B-3920 Lommel (BE) no. 2, February 1974 (1974-02), pages 157-161, • VAN DER VOORT, Hendrikus, Adrianus, XP002082918 WASHINGTON US Antonius • CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS, vol. -
Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
Inhibitors, Agonists, Screening Libraries www.MedChemExpress.com Metabolic Enzyme/Protease Metabolic pathways are enzyme-mediated biochemical reactions that lead to biosynthesis (anabolism) or breakdown (catabolism) of natural product small molecules within a cell or tissue. In each pathway, enzymes catalyze the conversion of substrates into structurally similar products. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation. Metabolism maintains the living state of the cells and the organism. Proteases are used throughout an organism for various metabolic processes. Proteases control a great variety of physiological processes that are critical for life, including the immune response, cell cycle, cell death, wound healing, food digestion, and protein and organelle recycling. On the basis of the type of the key amino acid in the active site of the protease and the mechanism of peptide bond cleavage, proteases can be classified into six groups: cysteine, serine, threonine, glutamic acid, aspartate proteases, as well as matrix metalloproteases. Proteases can not only activate proteins such as cytokines, or inactivate them such as numerous repair proteins during apoptosis, but also expose cryptic sites, such as occurs with β-secretase during amyloid precursor protein processing, shed various transmembrane proteins such as occurs with metalloproteases and cysteine proteases, or convert receptor agonists into antagonists and vice versa such as chemokine conversions carried out by metalloproteases, dipeptidyl peptidase IV and some cathepsins. In addition to the catalytic domains, a great number of proteases contain numerous additional domains or modules that substantially increase the complexity of their functions. -
DHEA, the Most Abundant Steroid Hormone in the Body
CHAPTER 50 DHEA, the most abundant steroid hormone in the body: inhibits glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, inhibits the generation of NADPH, activates the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and increases oxidative phosphorylation, increases oxidative stress, polarizes the immune system to M1/Th1, inhibits the pathway PI3K/Akt and decreases proliferation and increases apoptosis in cancer José de Felippe Junior DHEA: substance synthesized in the body with multiple actions – Plasma DHEA-sulphate declines from a peak at age maintain health, prevent diseases and help to heal them. JFJ 20, in both men and women. In men, DHEA-s ranges Warning: your adrenal gland is prohibited from making DHEA from 11 to 2.5 microM and in women from 6 to 1 mi- if you live in Brazil. Nonconformist medical doctors croM, from 20 to 80 years respectively (Labrie-1997). The DHEA biological actions involve multiple re- ceptors. DHEA binds to steroid/nuclear receptors (e.g. DHEA in United States of America is considered as a pregnane X receptor/steroid and xenobiotic receptor or food supplement, in Europe as a hormone that requires PXR/SXR), estrogen receptors alpha, beta (ER-alpha medical prescription (Samaras-2013) and in Brazil, for and ER-beta), androgen (AR), cellular membrane re- reasons unknown, it is prohibited the commercializa- ceptors and endothelial cells receptors (activating tion and prescription. G-receptor-coupled proteins – GPCR) (Webb-2006, in Dehydroepiandrosterone – DHEA – is produced in Teng-2015). cortical adrenal gland and activated by sulfation in the It was found in Japanese with over 100 years in- liver and target organs. DHEA is the steroid hormone crease in telomere length in leukocytes, increased adi- or steroid pre-hormone in the highest amount in the ponectin concentration along with normal levels of body: 72% of the total (Ebeling-1994, Traish-2011). -
EUROPEAN PHARMACOPOEIA 10.0 Index 1. General Notices
EUROPEAN PHARMACOPOEIA 10.0 Index 1. General notices......................................................................... 3 2.2.66. Detection and measurement of radioactivity........... 119 2.1. Apparatus ............................................................................. 15 2.2.7. Optical rotation................................................................ 26 2.1.1. Droppers ........................................................................... 15 2.2.8. Viscosity ............................................................................ 27 2.1.2. Comparative table of porosity of sintered-glass filters.. 15 2.2.9. Capillary viscometer method ......................................... 27 2.1.3. Ultraviolet ray lamps for analytical purposes............... 15 2.3. Identification...................................................................... 129 2.1.4. Sieves ................................................................................. 16 2.3.1. Identification reactions of ions and functional 2.1.5. Tubes for comparative tests ............................................ 17 groups ...................................................................................... 129 2.1.6. Gas detector tubes............................................................ 17 2.3.2. Identification of fatty oils by thin-layer 2.2. Physical and physico-chemical methods.......................... 21 chromatography...................................................................... 132 2.2.1. Clarity and degree of opalescence of -
WO 2012/148570 Al 1 November 2012 (01.11.2012) P O P C T
(12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT) (19) World Intellectual Property Organization International Bureau (10) International Publication Number (43) International Publication Date WO 2012/148570 Al 1 November 2012 (01.11.2012) P O P C T (51) International Patent Classification: AO, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BH, BR, BW, BY, BZ, A61L 27/14 (2006.01) A61P 17/02 (2006.01) CA, CH, CL, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DK, DM, DO, C08L 101/16 (2006.01) DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, HN, HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IS, JP, KE, KG, KM, KN, KP, KR, (21) International Application Number: KZ, LA, LC, LK, LR, LS, LT, LU, LY, MA, MD, ME, PCT/US20 12/027464 MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, MY, MZ, NA, NG, NI, NO, NZ, (22) International Filing Date: OM, PE, PG, PH, PL, PT, QA, RO, RS, RU, RW, SC, SD, 2 March 2012 (02.03.2012) SE, SG, SK, SL, SM, ST, SV, SY, TH, TJ, TM, TN, TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, US, UZ, VC, VN, ZA, ZM, ZW. (25) Filing Language: English (84) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every (26) Publication Language: English kind of regional protection available): ARIPO (BW, GH, (30) Priority Data: GM, KE, LR, LS, MW, MZ, NA, RW, SD, SL, SZ, TZ, 13/093,479 25 April 201 1 (25.04.201 1) US UG, ZM, ZW), Eurasian (AM, AZ, BY, KG, KZ, MD, RU, TJ, TM), European (AL, AT, BE, BG, CH, CY, CZ, DE, (71) Applicant (for all designated States except US): DK, EE, ES, FI, FR, GB, GR, HR, HU, IE, IS, IT, LT, LU, WARSAW ORTHOPEDIC, INC. -
Gas Chromatographic/Mass Spectrometric Analysis of 19-Nortestosterone Urinary Metabolites in Cattle Etienne Benoit, J.L
Gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric analysis of 19-nortestosterone urinary metabolites in cattle Etienne Benoit, J.L. Guyot, D. Courtot, P. Delatour To cite this version: Etienne Benoit, J.L. Guyot, D. Courtot, P. Delatour. Gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric anal- ysis of 19-nortestosterone urinary metabolites in cattle. Annales de Recherches Vétérinaires, INRA Editions, 1989, 20 (4), pp.485-491. hal-00901913 HAL Id: hal-00901913 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00901913 Submitted on 1 Jan 1989 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Original article Gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric analysis of 19-nortestosterone urinary metabolites in cattle E. Benoît J.L. Guyot D. Courtot P. Delatour 1 INRA, Laboratoire No. 54i89, service de biochimie, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon, BP 31, 69752 Charbonnières Cedex; 2 INRA-ENVL, laboratoire de recherches sur le cheval de sport, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon, BP 31, 69752 Charbonnières Cedex, France (received 31 May 1988, accepted 18 January 1989) Summary ― Gas chromatographic and mass spectrometric method is used to confirm the administration of 19-nortestosterone to cattle. The most abundant metabolites detected were 19- norepitestosterone and 5a-oestrane-3p,17a-diol.