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Eco-Taxonomic Studies of Family Asteraceae (Compositae) in Raipur District of Chhattisgarh, India

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Eco-Taxonomic Studies of Family Asteraceae (Compositae) in Raipur District of Chhattisgarh, India Indian J. Applied & Pure Bio. Vol. 31(1), 7-18 (2016). Eco-taxonomic studies of Family Asteraceae (Compositae) in Raipur District of Chhattisgarh, India *Deepshikha Roy Department of Botany, G.N.P.G. Science College Raipur, Chhattisgarh (India) Abstract Taxonomic investigation of the family Asteraceae (Compositae) growing throughout the Raipur was carried out. A total of about 57 species under 43 genera of the family Asteraceae were collected and identified. A brief taxonomic description of some common species is given below: Members of Asteraceae can be throughout the world. In India there are about easily identified by their capitulate inflorescence, 138 genera and 1250 species. inferior ovary with basal placentation and presence of pappus. In Chhattisgarh about 69 genera and 113 species are reported. In Raipur about 43 Following methodology was adopted during the genera and 57 species have been explored. present study: The greater proportion of the plants of this 1. Collection of the plants of family Asteraceae family is herbaceous in nature while only 2% in Raipur district and in the vicinity of plants are trees and shrubs. Relevant literature1-20 villages and township besides forest area has been consulted for the preparation of this in different seasons. manuscript. 2. Preparation of herbarium specimen of the plants collected in standard format as per After a careful study of herbarium international norms after drying and specimens deposited in BSA and perusal of poisoning was done. literature it was found that the genus Blumea encompasses the maximum number of species, Asteraceae (Compositae) is one of the followed by Vernonia, Pulicaria, Gnaphalium most easily recognized and widespread family among flowering plants. The plants of this and Sonchus. family are common in open area, wasteland and along roadsides. The family contains about Updated Eco-taxonomic description of plants 700 genera and 13,500 species distributed is given in table-1. * Research Scholar , Govt. N.P.G. College Raipur (C.G.) (8) Table-1. List of plant specimens collected by botanical survey of india, Central circle Allahabad S. Name of Plant District Area explored Field No. No. by Ambikapur G. Sengupta 24149 1 Acanthospermum hispidum DC. Bilaspur Arora 6069 Durg Pant 29283 Raipur Verma 23621 Ambikapur G. Sengupta 24123 2 Ageratum conyzoides L. Bilaspur Panigrahi 13303 Durg - - Raipur Verma 23515 Ambikapur - - 3 Artemisia nilagirica(Clarke) Pampan. Bilaspur - - Durg - - Raipur - - Ambikapur G. Sengupta 15951 4 Artemisia parviflora Buch-Hump. Bilaspur - - Durg - - Raipur - - Ambikapur G. Sengupta 20523 5 Bidens biternata (Lour.) Merr. Bilaspur - - Durg Pant 29171 Raipur - - Ambikapur G. Sengupta 19963 6 Blainvillea acmella (L.) Philipson Bilaspur - - Durg Pant 29166 Raipur - - Ambikapur - - 7 Blepharispermum subsessile Bilaspur - - Durg - - Raipur Verma 24701 Ambikapur - - 8 Blumea bifoliata (L.) DC. Bilaspur Panigrahi 13059 Durg - - Raipur Verma 17507 Ambikapur - - 9 Blumea eriantha DC. Bilaspur Panigrahi 8550 Durg Pant 20118 Raipur - - (9) Ambikapur G. Sengupta 18970 10 Blumea fistulosa (Roxb.) Kurz. Bilaspur Panigrahi 6892 Durg - - Raipur Verma 23743 Ambikapur - - 11 Blumea hieracifolia (D. Don) DC. Bilaspur - - Durg - - Raipur - - Ambikapur G. Sengupta 18891 12 Blumea lacera (Burm.f) DC. Bilaspur Panigrahi 8917 Durg - - Raipur - - Ambikapur - - 13 Blumea laciniata (Roxb.) DC. Bilaspur Arora 3821 Durg - - Raipur Verma 17359 Ambikapur G. Sengupta 17845 14 Blumea membranacea Wall. Bilaspur Panigrahi 15207 Durg - - Raipur Verma 23721 Ambikapur G. Sengupta 24054 15 Blumea mollis (D.Don) Merr. Bilaspur Panigrahi & Arora 8873 Durg - - Raipur Verma 23521 Ambikapur - - 16 Blumea obliqua (L.) Druce Bilaspur - - Durg Pant 20106 Raipur - - Ambikapur G. Sengupta 19962 17 Blumea oxyodonta DC. Bilaspur Panigrahi 8613 Durg - - Raipur - - Ambikapur G. Sengupta 24068 18 Blumea virens DC. Bilaspur - - Durg - - Raipur - - Ambikapur G. Sengupta 24022 19 Blumeopsis flava (DC.) Gagnep Bilaspur Panigrahi 15357 Durg - - Raipur - - (10) Ambikapur - - 20 Caesulia axillaris Roxb. Bilaspur - - Durg - - Raipur - - Ambikapur - - 21 Carthamus oxycantha Bilaspur Panigrahi 16743 Durg - - Raipur - - Ambikapur - - 22 Centipeda minima (L.)A.Br. Bilaspur - - Durg - - Raipur - - Ambikapur G. Sengupta 24198 23 Centratherum reticulatum Benth. Bilaspur Panigrahi 16796 Durg - - Raipur - - Ambikapur G. Sengupta 20551 24 Chrysanthellum americanum (L.) Bilaspur Panigrahi 8667 Durg - - Raipur - - Ambikapur Panigrahi 8997 25 Conyza canadensis (L.)Cronquist Bilaspur - - Durg - - Raipur - - Ambikapur - - 26 Conyza leucantha (D.) Ludlow Bilaspur Panigrahi 15406 Durg - - Raipur Verma 23861 Ambikapur G. Sengupta 24055 27 Conyza stricta Willd. Bilaspur - - Durg - - Raipur - - Ambikapur - - 28 Cosmos caudatus Bilaspur - - Durg - - Raipur - - Ambikapur - - 29 Cosmos sulphureus Cavan. Bilaspur Panigrahi 13396 Durg - - Raipur - - (11) Ambikapur - - 30 Crassocephallum crepidiodes(Benth.) Bilaspur Panigrahi 15280 S.Moore Durg - - Raipur Verma 23821 Ambikapur G. Sengupta 24014 31 Cyatholine purpurea (Ham.ex D.Don) Bilaspur - - Durg Pant 20278 Raipur Verma 23670 Ambikapur - - 32 Echinops echinatus (Roxb.Fl.) Bilaspur Panigrahi 8810 Durg - - Raipur Verma 17620 Ambikapur G. Sengupta 15832 33 Eclipta alba (L.) Bilaspur Murti 19501 Durg Pant 29288 Raipur Verma 17230 Ambikapur G. Sengupta 18896 34 Elephantopus scaber (L.) Bilaspur - - Durg - - Raipur Verma 23649 Ambikapur - - 35 Emilia sonchifolia (L.) Bilaspur Panigrahi 8711 Durg - - Raipur Verma 23660 Ambikapur - - 36 Enhydra fluctuans (Lour Fl.) Bilaspur Panigrahi 8918 Durg - - Raipur - - Ambikapur - - 37 Erigenon asteroides (Roxb.Fl.) Bilaspur Panigrahi 8927 Durg - - Raipur Verma 23933 Ambikapur G. Sengupta 18982 38 Galinsoga parviflora Cav.Ic. Bilaspur - - Durg - - Raipur - - Ambikapur - - 39 Glososcardia bosvallea (L.f) DC. Bilaspur Murti 19478 Durg Pant 29274 Raipur - - (12) Ambikapur G. Sengupta 12927 40 Glossogyne bidens (Retz.) Bilaspur Panigrahi 3916 Durg Pant 20212 Raipur Verma 17688 Ambikapur - - 41 Gnaphalium luteoalbum L. Bilaspur - - Durg - - Raipur - - Ambikapur G. Sengupta 18849 42 Gnaphalium polycaulon pers. Bilaspur - - Durg - - Raipur - - Ambikapur - - 43 Goniocaulon glabrum Cass. Bilaspur - - Durg - - Raipur Verma 17783 Ambikapur - - 44 Grangea maderaspatana L. Poir Bilaspur - - Durg - - Raipur - - Ambikapur G. Sengupta 18853 45 Guizotia abyssnica L.f. Bilaspur Panigrahi 12708 Durg - - Raipur Verma 25786 Ambikapur - - 46 Lagascea mollis Cav. Bilaspur - - Durg - - Raipur Verma 24900 Ambikapur G. Sengupta 20012 47 Laggera alata (D.Don) C. Bilaspur Murti 15209 Durg - - Raipur Verma 23875 Ambikapur - - 48 Launea procumbens (Roxb.) Bilaspur - - Durg - - Raipur - - Ambikapur - - 49 Oligochaeta ramosa (Roxb.) Bilaspur Panigrahi 15482 Durg - - Raipur - - (13) Ambikapur - - 50 Parthenium hysterocarpus L. Bilaspur - - Durg - - Raipur Verma 17794 Ambikapur G. Sengupta 24003 51 Pantanema indicum L. Bilaspur - - Durg - - Raipur - - Ambikapur - - 52 Pulicaria angustifolia Bilaspur - - Durg - - Raipur Verma 24830 Ambikapur - - 53 Pulicaria foliolosa DC. Bilaspur Panigrahi 15489 Durg - - Raipur - - Ambikapur - - 54 Pulicaria wightiana DC. Bilaspur - - Durg - - Raipur - - Ambikapur G. Sengupta 20024 55 Senecio nudicaulis Buch-Ham. Bilaspur Panigrahi 8527 Durg - - Raipur - - Ambikapur G. Sengupta 24154 56 Sigesbekia orientalis L. Bilaspur Murti 19181 Durg - - Raipur - - Ambikapur - - 57 Sonchus oleraceus L. Bilaspur Panigrahi 16854 Durg - - Raipur - - Ambikapur - - 58 Sonchus wightianus DC. Bilaspur Panigrahi 13340 Durg - - Raipur - - Ambikapur - - 59 Solidago sp. Bilaspur - - Durg - - Raipur - - (14) Ambikapur G. Sengupta 24196 60 Sphaeranthus indicus L. Bilaspur - - Durg Pant 20101 Raipur Verma 23533 Ambikapur - - 61 Spilanthes iabadiceasis DC. Bilaspur - - Durg - - Raipur - - Ambikapur - - 62 Tagetes erecta L. Bilaspur - - Durg - - Raipur - - Ambikapur - - 63 Tagetes patula L. Bilaspur - - Durg - - Raipur - - Ambikapur G. Sengupta 20011 64 Tridax procumbens L. Bilaspur - - Durg Pant 29184 Raipur Verma 24813 Ambikapur - - 65 Vernonia cinerea L. Bilaspur Panigrahi 13090 Durg - - Raipur Verma 23514 Ambikapur G. Sengupta 24034 66 Vernonia divergens Roxb. Bilaspur Panigrahi 13299 Durg - - Raipur - - Ambikapur G. Sengupta 24208 67 Vernonia pyramidale D.Don Bilaspur Panigrahi 12888 Durg - - Raipur Verma 25160 Ambikapur - - 68 Wedelia urticifolia DC. Bilaspur - - Durg - - Raipur Verma 25129 Ambikapur G. Sengupta 18856 69 Xanthium indicum (Roxb.) Bilaspur Arora 6055 Durg - - Raipur Verma 23789 (15) In table 2, the habitat and phenology of the family Asteraceae in Raipur District of Chhattisgarh has been highlighted. The observation is based on the studies of the present worker. Table-2. Habitat and phenology of family Asteraceae in Raipur district of Chhattisgarh during the year 2014-15 S. Name of Plant Area of Habitat Flowering Habit No. collection and Fruting 1 Acanthospermum hispidum DC. Kurra Wasteland July-Nov. Annual herb 2 Ageratum conyzoides L. Uparwara Wasteland Throughout Annual herb the year. 3 Artemisia nilagirica (Clarke) Sankra plantation Oct-Sept Perrennial herb Pampan. area 4 Artemisia parviflora Mandar Rocky area Nov- Feb Perrenial Shrub Buch-Hump. 5 Bidens biternata (Lour)Merr. Charoda Roadside Jan-Feb Annual herb 6 Blainvillea acmella (L.) Charoda Wasteland Aug-Nov Annual herb Philipson 7 Blepharispermum subsessile Siliari Dry area Aug Perrenial Shrub 8 Blumea bifoliata (L.)DC. Kumhari Roadside May Annual herb 9 Blumea eriantha DC. Siliari
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