Through Healthy Food and Fitness Policies
Student Wellness: A Healthy Food and Physical Activity Policy Resource Guide
Produced by
California School Boards Association
and
California Project LEAN (Leaders Encouraging Activity and Nutrition)
2006
Copies of the Guide are available for $20. To order, contact:
California School Boards Association 3100 Beacon Blvd. West Sacramento, CA 95691 (800) 266-3382 Fax: (916) 371-3407 email: [email protected] www.csba.org
© 2006, California School Boards Association and California Project LEAN. This material may not be reproduced or disseminated without prior written permission from the California School Boards Association.
For a list of reviewers see Appendix A. A. Appendix see of reviewers alist For LUZ GUERRA-WALTER CYNDI BERENDS VICTORIA AGRON PEGGY Staff Project LEAN Project California J GREENE DIANE M Staff Project CSBA P. PLOTKIN SCOTT CLEGG KERRY DR. P KINLEY KATHY DR. RIVERA LUAN Committee Executive 2006 CSBA STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT udy aul ARTIN GONZALEZ ARTIN Marketing Specialist Consultant Marketing Manager Program Chief Counsel Legal Director, and Assistant Update Services Policy Senior Consultant Director, Executive Assistant Governance Services and Policy Director Executive Immediate PastPresident PresidentVice President-elect President M
chat cias AR Í A RODRIGUEZ RODRIGUEZ A m an
4 5 6 6 7 17 19 21 71 10 79 81 75 97 33 52 42 73 87 85 22 22 95 67 77 56 83 99 60 48 64 44 111 117 112 113 114 116 118 123 102 109 108 106 104 100 ...... ON NUTRITION AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY ...... M ...... STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE ...... ENT PREHENSIVE PROGRA Food Service/Child Nutrition Program Student Wellness Student
Goals for the School the District for Goals Contracts Physical Education Physical Other Food Sales Free and Reduced-Priceand Free Meals Education Health Comprehensive M M
...... School Health Policies and Programs Study Programs School and Policies Health Nutrition and Youth Health Statistics Health Youth Nutrition and Food School High Fast Survey California School Councils Health Nutrition, Physical Activity Physical Nutrition, Achievement Academic and In-School Marketing to Children and Youth and Children to Marketing In-School School Program Health Coordinated Creative School Fundraising Ideas School Fundraising Creative Good Habits Promoting Rewards: Classroom Constructive Prevalence and Specifics of Districtwide Beverage Contracts in California’s Largest School Districts School Largest California’s in Contracts Beverage Districtwide of Specifics and Prevalence Physical Activity and Youth Health Statistics Health ActivityPhysical Youth and Food and Beverage Marketing on High School Campuses Survey School on High Campuses Food Marketing Beverage and PLE BOARD POLICIES 8. 2. 5. 12. 1. 4. 11. 9. 10. 13. The New Nutrition Standards: Implications for Student Wellness Student for Implications The New Nutrition Standards: 13. School Boards for School-Based Implications Food of Beverages: and 14. Marketing 6. 3. 7. Appendix Glossary B. 3550 BP/AR BP 5030 Capistrano Unified School District:Capistrano on Ban SoftFood DrinksJunk and Folsom Cordova Unified School District: School FolsomHealthier Meals Cordova Appendix C. Fact Sheets Fact Appendix C. Appendix A. Recognition Special Impact Activity Physical of Achievement on Academic Health Impact Emotional and Social on Physical, Extent Problem the of Schools for Implications Nutrition Policy Worksheet Development ActivityPhysical Policy Worksheet Development BP 0200 The Board’s Role in Policy Role in The Board’s What DistrictsWhat Do Can Preface Impact Achievement Nutrition on Academic of Eureka City Unified School District: Nutritional Standards for All FoodsCampus SoldStandards on Unified City School District: Nutritional Eureka Vista Unified School District: Healthier Foods and Beverages in Vending Machines VistaVending Unified School District: in Foods Beverages and Healthier What School Boards Can Do School Can What Boards Oakland Unified School District:Oakland on Ban SoftFood DrinksJunk and Sales BP 3312 Los Angeles Unified School District: Ban on Soft Drink and Junk Food Sales, Improving Physical Education Physical Improving Sales, Food Junk and Drink Soft on Ban District: School Unified Angeles Los 6142.7 BP/AR Eastside Food School High District: Union Activity Physical Sales and Competitive Opportunities San Francisco Unified School District: Comprehensive Policy Nutrition UnifiedComprehensive School District: San Francisco 3554 BP/AR 3553 BP/AR 6142.8 BP/AR Policy Process Development M
V. CASEV. STUDIES VII. APPENDIX VI. RESOURCES IV. SAIV. III. POLICY DEVELOP II. PROVIDING A CO I. INTRODUCTION Table of ContentsTable Firebaugh-Las Deltas UnifiedSchool District Sablan Oscar Santee School District Ryan Barbara Dixie Elementary School District Reagan Mark Oak Park UnifiedSchool District Iceland Jan Lucia Mar UnifiedSchool District (deceased) Harvey Carol Grant Joint Union High School District Jr. Paul Green, San Juan UnifiedSchool District Glover Thomaysa Castro Valley UnifiedSchool District Friesen Janice Siskiyou County Office of Education Crawford Sherry following board members: by CSBA Past President Marilyn Buchi, and included the Children’s Health Task Force. The task force was chaired Policy Resource Guide” was the participation of CSBA’s Invaluable to the development of the “Healthy Food case studies and fact sheets. wellness and physical activity resources, sample policies, Resource Guide.” It includes new information on local revised and expanded version of the “Healthy Food Policy Food and Physical Activity Policy Resource Guide” is a Policy Resource Guide.” This “Student Wellness: A Healthy The result was the 2003 publication of the “Healthy Food sample policies to support a healthy school environment. provide districts or school board members with tools and physical activity, health and academic achievement, and to board members on the critical link between nutrition, Encouraging Activity and Nutrition) to educate school into a partnership with California Project LEAN (Leaders In 2000, the California School Boards Association entered Preface STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT Pennsylvania and Washington), graciously allowed its other state school boards associations (Illinois, Maine, Learning Project, a joint effort of CSBA and four extensive review of the Guide. The Targeting Student Services, California Obesity Prevention Initiative for its as well as to the California Department of Health administrative regulations available for this Guide, Servicesfor staff making sample board policies and Special thanks are also extended to CSBA’s Policy UnifiedIrvine School District Wakeham Margie Acalanes Union High School District Tobias Margot Petaluma City Elementary and High School District Sauvé Camille csba.org/ps/hf.htm or at www.CaliforniaProjectLEAN.org. PolicyActivity Resource Guide” can be found at www. Updates to “Student Wellness: Healthy Food and Physical Disease Control and Prevention and Health Services Block Grant from the Centers for Reprints are being made possible by Preventive Health as funds from the California Endowment. the health and nutrition of California consumers as well Law Section, from litigation settlement funds to improve grant from the California Department of Justice, Antitrust The 2005 revisions to the Guide were made possible by a (U.S.D.A.). U.S.D.A. is an equal opportunity employer. Food Stamp Program, U.S. Department of Agriculture Network for Healthy, Active Families; and the National the California Endowment; the California Nutrition Department of Health Services, Cancer Research Section; under Grant Agreement 01-15552 with the California This Guide was originally made possible by funds received Special Recognition.) Guide and giving us valuable feedback. (See Appendix A: we would like to thank our partners for reviewing the “Maximizing School Board Leadership.” In addition, Board’s Role in Policy is based on CSBA’s publication, the Policy Development worksheets. The section on the work on policy development to be adapted to create INTRODUCTION 6 7 5 6 10 Academic Achievement...... and Emotional Health...... Academic Achievement...... INTRODUCTION Impact of Nutrition on Extent of the Problem ...... Impact on Physical, Social Implications for Schools ...... Impact of Physical Activity on 12 6 9
11 4 8 3
7 5 10 Increases in participation in the School Breakfast Breakfast School the in participation in Increases academic in increases with associated are Program and participation class attendance, daily scores, test absenteeism. and tardiness in reductions a as such meal, well-balanced a eat children When energy sustained higher have they breakfast, school or one only from foods select who children than levels fat. or sugar in high often are that groups food two problems of children in the United States. Iron Iron States. United the in children of problems attention shorten fatigue, increase can deficiency resistance reduce capacity, work decrease span, performance. intellectual impair and infection, to on poorly do to tend children anemic Consequently, tests. other and reading vocabulary, in increase general a show breakfast eat who Students attention, increased scores, reading and grades math behaviors. improved and visits nurse reduced without day school their begin who Children have morning, late the in attention less pay breakfast less attain and schoolwork toward attitude negative a class. in lower energy levels. Undernourished students have have students Undernourished levels. energy lower to likely more are and infection resist to ability less in resulting school, miss therefore and sick, become schools. to revenues reduced children, of behavior the impacts Undernourishment to ability their and performance school their tasks. complex perform and concentrate short-term by diminished is function brain Children’s missing by caused malnutrition or hunger periodic or meals. skipping or deprives groups food key of consumption Inadequate proteins and fats minerals, vitamins, essential of children function. cognitive optimal for necessary are that lower with associated been has intake protein Low scores. achievement nutritional prevalent most the of one is deficiency Iron ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ Furthermore, research shows a direct relationship relationship direct a shows research Furthermore, educational and breakfast nutritious a between that demonstrated repeatedly have Studies achievement. also but learning, enhances only not school at breakfast Some attendance. daily improves and tardiness reduces indicate: findings research important
Recent Recent STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE 2 IC M — Jack O’Connell Jack — 1 State Superintendent of Public Instruction Public of Superintendent State ENT M Chronically undernourished children attain lower lower attain children undernourished Chronically more are tests, achievement standardized on scores have and concentrating difficulty have irritable, PACT OF NUTRITION ON ACADE healthier lifestyles.’’ healthier ‘’Even during difficult budget times, nutrition nutrition times, budget difficult during ‘’Even schools all for priority a be should fitness and exceptional an have schools Our districts. and toward children our guide to opportunity ➣ M ACHIEVE can have a detrimental effect on children’s cognitive cognitive children’s on effect detrimental a have can adulthood. in productivity on and development that: evidence compelling provides research class, and better able to take advantage of educational educational of advantage take to able better and class, childhood during nutrition Inadequate opportunities. Nutrition is an essential first step toward a student’s student’s a toward step first essential an is Nutrition are children well-nourished Healthy, learn. to readiness and school attend to likely more learn, to prepared more I among schools, families and communities. and families schools, among health challenge. The report recommends approaches in in approaches recommends report The challenge. health school include to education beyond extend that schools links and environment, social and physical school the policy, Decrease Overweight and Obesity” encourages changing changing encourages Obesity” and Overweight Decrease national the address help to key a as environment school the physical activity habits. activity physical and Prevent to Action to “Call 2001 General’s Surgeon The examines the implications of these findings for schools. It schools. for findings these of implications the examines learn to students prepare better can schools that clear is and eating healthy practice and develop them helping by the link between nutrition, physical activity and academic academic and activity physical nutrition, between link the and health; student on statistics presents achievement; the needs of the whole child that influence academic academic influence that child whole the of needs the impact tremendous a has health Student achievement. of evidence provides chapter This learning. student on achievement. Schools do this by providing a high-quality high-quality a providing by this do Schools achievement. to attention paying by also but program, instructional I. Introduction academic foster to is schools of responsibility primary The schools. eating habits had smaller gains in test scores than did other do not routinely engage in physical activity and healthy California schools with high percentages of students who have a positive impact on mood. A recent study found that to flow through the brain, and releases endorphins, which flow to the brain, which allows more oxygen and glucose Research also indicates that physical activity increases blood increased levels of alertness, mental function and learning. Studies suggest a connection between physical activity and role in creating an optimal learning condition for the brain. achievement. Physical activity is important because it plays a Physical activity can also have a positive impact on student I ACADE STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT M ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ development of our youngsters.” youngsters.” of our development cognitive and status nutritional improve the which policies and programs into knowledge new this incorporate nowto is challenge “The PACT OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY ON ON ACTIVITY PHYSICAL OF PACT common childhood ailments. can help prevent colds and the flu,two of the most immune function. Coupled with good nutrition, it Moderate physical activity has a positive effect on towards school and superior academic performance. exhibit better attendance, a more positive attitude Students participating in daily physical education supports learning. adults and children found that physical activity to physical activity led to higher mathematics scores. 240 minutes per week from class time for academics to increased test scores. In one program, redirecting Providing more opportunity for physical activity leads reduces the time for academics. behavior, even when time for physical education classes reading and writing test scores, and reduced disruptive include increased concentration, improved mathematics, see positive effects on academic achievement. These Schools that offer intense physical activity programs A review of results from nearly 200 studies including 13 Some additional research indicates that: M —Ernesto Pollitt, Ph.D., Professor of Pediatrics, IC ACHIEVE IC 16 M University of California, Davis ENT ENT 18 14 15 17
E I leled the rising rates of obesity. An increase in 2 diabetestype among children has paral stroke and diabetes. fitness-related chronic diseases: heart disease,cancer, thirds of all deaths in California result from four nutrition/ annual excess adult deaths in the United States. childhood obesity. expectancies than their parents due to the rapid rise in generation of children in America may have shorter life activity. For the first timetwo in centuries, the current part, due to poor nutrition and inadequate physical The general health of children and youth is at risk, in Illnesses Chronic M M ➣ ➣ to take powerful leadership roles in this effort.” School board members are uniquely positioned achievement. Healthy kids make better students. nutrition, physical activity and academic “Studies indicate important links between in our nation.” behaviors to help reduce the burden of obesity working with health partners to foster healthy rate, becoming obese. CDC is committed to inactive, unfit, eating poorly, and at an alarming of young people that is in large measure this image is a troubling reality — a generation nation focused on healthy lifestyles, but behind “We like to think of ourselves as a youthful for Children’s Health, Harvard School of Public Health PACT ON PHYSICAL, SOCIAL AND AND SOCIAL PHYSICAL, ON PACT
—William Potts-Datema, M.S., Director, Partnerships OTIONAL HEALTH HEALTH OTIONAL particularly at higher fitness levels. and fitness is greater in mathematics than in reading, particularly at higher fitness levels. demonstrated higher achievement levels than males, fitness for fifth-, seventh- and ninth-graders. Females Higher achievement is associated with higher levels of The relationship between academic achievement —Dr. Julie Gerberding, M.D., M.P.H., Director Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 21 Obesity is associated with 112,000 23 As many As as 30,000 19 20 22 Two- -
- - - 33 32 35,36 34 31 M lines for Americans which recommend that children two children that recommend which Americans for lines nutrient-dense of consisting diet a eat older and years fat, in low are that foods eating includes This foods. vegetables fruits, of variety a eating sodium, and sugar low-fat or fat-free consuming and grains, whole and harm can that patterns Alarming products. milk or milk and obesity, research also indicates a higher than antici than higher a indicates also research obesity, and recent A life. of quality and self-esteem on impact pated Medical American the of Journal the in reported study well-being social and emotional that found Association average; above rises weight child’s a as soon as decreases children. obese severely to limited not are results the self- lower include health emotional on obesity of Effects health Social depression. and image body negative esteem, discrimina stereotyping, negative stigma, include impacts marginalization. social and bullying, and teasing tion, imposed stigmatization social of stress psychological The medical the as damaging as just be may children obese on life of quality a exhibit children obese Severely morbidities. chemotherapy. undergoing children of that as bad as EXTENT OF THE PROBLE Poor Nutrition Guide Dietary the meet to fail generally students Today’s Social and Emotional Health overweight with associated risks health the to addition In in acute infections, dental pain and tooth loss. This not only only not This loss. tooth and pain dental infections, acute in and alert remain to ability the also but class, in time affects health oral Poor environment. learning a in while engaged poor performance, school decreased to related been has life. in later success less and relationships social 5- ages youth of percent 50 over affect caries Dental drinks soft sugar-sweetened to exposure Frequent 17. decay, tooth of severity and for risk increases candy and Americans Association. Dental American the to according sugar of teaspoons 33 to 20 of equivalent the consume drinks. soft in is it of percent 30 about day; per person per childhood chronic common most single the are caries Dental asthma. than common more times five are and disease -
This This 29 28 If left If STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE 30
26
27 Being overweight overweight Being 25 One in three children born in 2000, 2000, in born children three in One 24 untreated, dental disease in childhood can and does result result does and can childhood in disease dental untreated, More than 51 million hours of school time are lost lost are time school of hours million 51 than More illnesses. dental-related of because year every any deficiencies later in life. life. in later deficiencies any Dental Caries later in life. Since prevention occurs by reaching optimal optimal reaching by occurs prevention Since life. in later up make to possible not is it adolescence, during mass bone Weight-bearing exercise and the consumption of calcium- of consumption the and exercise Weight-bearing to critical are adolescence and childhood during foods rich osteoporosis of risk the reduce and mass bone peak ensure is important because by the age of 17, approximately 90 90 approximately 17, of age the by because important is established. been has mass bone children’s of percent bones). According to the United States Department Department States United the to According bones). has consumption drink soft per-capita Agriculture, of years. 50 past the over percent 500 almost increased as calcium and vitamin D, which are needed for bone bone for needed are which D, vitamin and calcium as (porous osteoporosis prevent to help can and development When children and adolescents replace milk with soft soft with milk replace adolescents and children When such nutrients valuable fewer consume they drinks, habits that they can maintain throughout their lives. their throughout maintain can they that habits Increased Risk for Osteoporosis programs that encourage children and adolescents to to adolescents and children encourage that programs activity physical and eating healthy sustain and develop Because chronic illnesses in adulthood result from habits habits from result adulthood in illnesses chronic Because ways effective most the of one life, in early acquired and policies establish to is diseases chronic prevent to cholesterol, triglycerides, insulin or blood pressure; 25 25 pressure; blood or insulin triglycerides, cholesterol, factors. risk more twoor have percent obese children ages 5-10 years have at least one risk risk one least at have years 5-10 ages children obese total elevated as such disease, cardiovascular for factor Risk factors for chronic diseases often are developed in in developed are often diseases chronic for factors Risk of percent 60 approximately example, For childhood. conditions in school-aged children, including asthma, joint joint asthma, including children, school-aged in conditions cho high pressure, blood high diabetes, 2 type problems, apnea. sleep and depression/anxiety lesterol, type 2 diabetes during their lifetime. their during diabetes 2 type medical chronic of variety a exacerbate or trigger can children have non-insulin-dependent diabetes that was was that diabetes non-insulin-dependent have children adults. to limited once develop to expected are color, of children all of half and than ever. Research indicates that: of the week. However, children are less physically active least one hour each day on most, but preferably all days that children yearstwo and older be physically active at The 2005 Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend cardiovascular disease, diabetes and colon cancer. with long-term health consequences including obesity, increased anxiety, stress and depression. sequences such as high blood pressure, poor self-esteem, Physical inactivity among youth can cause short-term con Activity Physical Declining perform in school are: children’s health and deter their ability to successfully STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣
for students in all grades in the school. education or its equivalent for the entire school year high schools across the nation provide daily physical middle/junior high schools and 6 percent of senior Eight percent of elementary schools, 6 percent of age or grade in school increases. Participation in all types of physical activity declines as California state-mandated 200 minutes. over 10 days engaged in physical education versus the Children ages 9-11 spend an average of 152 minutes activity per day. recommended minimum of one hour of physical years. Soda consumption has almost doubled in the last 20 recommendations. teenagers met five key diet and physical activity A California study found that only 2 percent of consuming five or more fruits or vegetables per day. the California Department of Health Services’ goal of adolescents (47 and 40 percent, respectively) meet Fewer than half of California’s children and servings of milk products. consuming the recommended number of daily intake for calcium, with only about one in 10 Females ages 9-19 do not meet the recommended regular soft drinks, candy, cookies, piessidered and cakes.to be junk food, such as deep-friedAbout food,25 percent desserts, of the food that adolescents eat is con Only 29 percent of adolescents report getting the 41 43 40 38 45 Also see Figure 1. 42 It is also linked 46 44
37 39 - - Figure 1 than tripled for children aged 6-11 years. Nine million years and adolescents aged 12-19 years, and it has more has more than doubled for preschool children aged 2-5 Over the past three decades, the childhood obesity rate at risk of becoming overweight based on their BMI. period (11 percent in 1988-1994); another 15 percent are 2002, a 45 percent increase over the previous reporting ages 6-19 years were classified as overweight in 1999- ally, an estimated 16 percent of children and adolescents children and adolescents are of public concern. Nation Continuing increases in the number of overweight medical care. and overweight cost California more than $21.7 billion in had risen to 20-24 percent. lation was obese in 1991. In 2003, California obesity rates 1991 and 2003. In California, 10-14 percent of the popu Figure 2 shows the obesity trends among U.S. adults in Overweight/Obesity ➣ ➣ ➣ Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Surveillance Summaries,1 June 28, 2002. Activities that caused sweating and hard breathing for at least 20 minutes on 3 of the 7 days. areas of the test. Only about half met the minimum meet the state’s minimum fitness standards for all six physical fitness test in 2004, 73 percent failed to nine who were tested with the state’s mandated Among California children in grades five, seven and respectively). levels than females (70 percent and 56 percent, at higherparticipate in vigorous physical activities in the previous month.any Males vigorous activity 63Only percent of California report adolescents physically fit. Nearly 40 percent of California children are not standard for aerobic capacity. 51
48 49
50 Physical inactivity, obesity, 47 52,53 -
-
60 Asian/Other Asian/Other Latino Latino African- African- American African- African- American White White
Center for Weight and Health and Weight for Center —University California Berkeley, California —University Females Females Males Males Body Mass Index = 85th percentile and above and percentile 85th = Index Mass Body Body Mass Index = 85th percentile and above and percentile 85th = Index Mass Body State 1 1 2002 August Revised Institute, Health Public Source: State 1 1 2000 Institute, Health Public Source: promising strategies for preventing obesity.” preventing for strategies promising “Decreasing soda consumption is one of the most most the of one is consumption soda “Decreasing Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure For a person already meeting his/her caloric need, one one need, caloric his/her meeting already person a For translate can day every calories) (250 soda 20-ounce regular 120- a For year. per weight of pounds 27 extra an into exercises and diet healthy a has who adolescent pound to walking moderate of hours two take would it regularly, consumed. soda each for calories extra the off burn
57 54 STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE 25% ≥
58 ■ 15%–19% ■
20%–24%
10%–14% ■ ■
59
<10% ■
15%–19%
California Department of Health Services’ Services’ Health of Department California ■
55 NoData
■ SOURCE: MOKDAD A H, et al. J Am Med Assoc 1999; 282; 16, 2001; 286: 10 286: 2001; 16, 282; 1999; Assoc Med Am J al. et H, A MOKDAD SOURCE: SOURCE: MOKDAD A H, et al. J Am Med Assoc 1999; 282; 16, 2001; 286: 10 286: 2001; 16, 282; 1999; Assoc Med Am J al. et H, A MOKDAD SOURCE: Consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages, such such beverages, sugar-sweetened of Consumption with associated is drinks, fruit-flavored and soda as children. in obesity More than one out of three Latino adolescents in in adolescents Latino three of out one than More overweight. for risk at or overweight were California preschool overweight of one-third Approximately school-aged overweight of half about and children adults. overweight become children Latino adolescents were most likely to be overweight. overweight. be to likely most were adolescents Latino Other findings indicate: findings Other 56 ➣ ➣ ➣ overweight or at risk for overweight (see Figures 3 and and 3 Figures (see overweight for risk at or overweight 4). surveys indicate that as many as 34 percent of children children of percent 34 as many as that indicate surveys are olds year 12-17 of percent 21 and years 9-11 ages The trend in California is similar. One 2002 study found found study 2002 One similar. is California in trend The are children California’s of quarter one than more that overweight. children over the age of 6 were considered obese. considered were 6 of age the over children Figure 2 Figure 10 million school-age students ate a school breakfast. During In 2003-04, about 15 percent of California’s nearly 6.3 educational standing. probability that children will eat breakfast and improve theirpublic schools throughout the academic year increases the Research suggests that the availability of meal programs in offering and promoting a nutritious school breakfast. Schools can enhance the quality of students’ diets by Meals School the acquisition of lifetime dietary habits. significant role in feeding children and thus contribute to opportunity to be physically active. Schools also play a foods and beverages high in fat and sugar, and little cannot practice what they learn if they are offered mostly healthy foods and being physically active. Students more than educating youth on the importance of eating ment they need to adopt healthy lifestyles. This requires give students the skills, opportunities and encourage should provide education and an environment that per year. California school district could potentially lose $160,000 children miss just one day per month, an average size achievement are likely due to increased absenteeism. If ciation between weight problems and lower academic Kids, states that emerging research suggests an asso A report from a national organization, Action for Healthy as improvements in school health environments. address the crisis is through a community approach, such of three Californians surveyed believe the best way to the problem of childhood obesity is serious. Two out showed that nearly all Californians (92 percent) believe A Field Research Corporation study released in 2004 I STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT M
shown behavior and physiological improvement.” nutrition and physical activity programs have Food on the Run, SPARK, and other school-based the positive effects schools can make. CATCH, students’ lives outside of school doesn’t negate “The prevalence of high-fat and sugary foods in PLICATIONS FOR SCHOOLS FOR PLICATIONS 62 School Health, American Academy of Pediatrics To better prepare students to learn, schools —Howard Taras, M.D., Chair, Committee on 64 63 61 - - According to the California Department of Education’s The quality of these school meal programs is improving. participate in the National School Lunch Program. than 2.8 million of California’s K-12 students (45Participation percent) in school lunch programs is much higher: More meals served daily can contribute to learning year-round. tious meals to students on test days. However, nutritious higher achievement on standardized tests and offer nutri Many schools realize the relationship between breakfast and did not offer breakfast. for free and reduced-price meals who attended schools that schools. This equates to 145,656 students who were eligibleschools that did not offer breakfast represent over 1,283 nia offered a school breakfast program. The 17 percent of the 2003-04 school year, 83 percent of schools in Califor program, causing schools to lose potential revenues from These unhealthy foods compete with the school meal viduals and teachers. Parent Teacher Association, athletics department, or indi different entities including the Associated Student Body, be sold by the food service department, as well as by many sugar and calories, while low in nutrients. These foods may stores, and as fundraisers tend to be high in fat, added foods offered in school vending machines, snack bars, required to meet nutrition standards. These competitive that are not part of the school meal program and are not and beverages, sometimes known as “competitive foods,” breakfast or lunch and purchase other a la carte foods Unfortunately, many students do not eat the school A La Carte Foods and Beverages not eat school lunch. school are less likely to be overweight than girls who do income families who consume a lunch provided by their and less sugar and soda than other students. Girls from low- their schools consume more fruits, vegetables and calcium, nutritional standards. Students who eat lunches provided by from fat. lunches have no more than 30 percent of calories coming the school menus analyzed met the federal standard that States Dietary Guidelines for Americans, about half of 1998-2003 survey on schools’ implementation of the United 67 More meals at school need to meet school meal 68 65
66 - - - 11 - 76 School board board School 75 74 (i.e., fruits, vegetables, low-fat milk), establishing minimum minimum establishing milk), low-fat vegetables, fruits, (i.e., and school, in sold foods fast for standards nutritional in advertisements soda and food monitoring and limiting carte la a banning of supportive more were They school. 2001. in than 2004 in sales food fast and sales food California by 2004 in policies district school of Tracking California of percent 10 than more that found LEAN Project have school high one least at maintaining districts school during the designated testing months. testing designated the during Think? Members Board School Do What board school of majority a that found survey California A on nutrition good supporting policies believe members student of reduction the to contribute can campuses school percent) (70 future the in risks disease heart and cancer and overweight of number the of reduction the and related activity physical while percent); (62 students obese cancer student of reduction the to contribute can policies (71 disease heart and percent) (68 diabetes percent), (50 believed percent) (75 majority A future. the in percent) the to contribute can basis daily a on activity physical most The students. obese and overweight of reduction school at eating healthier to barriers reported frequently program food the of impact and preferences student were school at activity physical to barriers while budget, the on requirements. academic and budgets were schools in options food healthy providing support members Schools have a unique opportunity to teach students about about students teach to opportunity unique a have Schools adequate with them providing while fitness, of value the daily a on active physically be to facilities and space time, and periods recess classes, education physical in basis provide can Schools programs. after-school and before- physical practice to students for opportunities multiple education physical in only not participation through activity rec and sports programs, intramural through but class, with links and athletics, interscholastic clubs, reation programs. recreation and sports community-based to policies and programs implement also can Schools provide should Schools school. to biking or walking support regular for needs students’ ensure to plan concrete a This year. school the throughout met be will activity physical grades designated in students all that ensure should plan test fitness health-related mandated the in participate will 72 STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE 73
70 Additional findings indicate that if that indicate findings Additional 69 Additionally, a study by the Public Health Institute Institute Health Public the by study a Additionally, 71 minutes, and increasing the frequency, intensity and time of of time and intensity frequency, the increasing and minutes, benefits. health more even bring can activity the promote cognitive learning related to lifelong participation participation lifelong to related learning cognitive promote physical of intensity the on Depending activity. physical in 45 to 15 from ranges day per time minimum a activity, be provided with enjoyable experiences that build self- build that experiences enjoyable with provided be and activity; physical of amounts significant provide efficacy; should be developmentally appropriate and give students students give and appropriate developmentally be should needed confidence and skills motivation, knowledge, the should adolescents and Children activity. physical lifelong for physical activity behaviors. When developing physical physical developing When behaviors. activity physical curricula education physical youth, for programs activity Physical Activity and Physical Education students’ influencing in role powerful a have Schools that limit school district control over the beverages sold at at sold beverages the over control district school limit that choices. nutritional students’ affecting directly school, responding districts reported selling fast food as a la carte carte la a as food fast selling reported districts responding items. provisions contain contracts beverage district that found versus healthy options offered to students at school outside outside school at students to offered options healthy versus of percent Ninety-five program. nutrition child the of The California Fast Food Survey and School Health Policies Policies Health School and Survey Food Fast California The foods fast of prevalence high a found Survey Programs and curricula. It is important to develop a school policy that sets sets that policy school a develop to important is It curricula. campus. on sold foods all for standards nutrition Additionally, the readily available access of unhealthy unhealthy of access available readily the Additionally, nutrition and health in taught lessons with conflicts foods 2001), (2) a la carte sales are eliminated, (3) menu offerings offerings menu (3) eliminated, are sales carte la a (2) 2001), to adequate are time and facilities (4) and appealing, are needs. meal student meet provided that: (1) all non-food service venues are compliant compliant are venues service non-food all (1) that: of provided Statutes 913, (Chapter 19 SB in standards food with of quality and appeal. and quality of sales, service non-food with compete meals reimbursable significantly revenues improve still can service food then in sites that completely eliminated a la carte food sales, sales, food carte la a eliminated completely that sites in standard reasonable a meet items menu the that provided federal meal reimbursements as part of the National School School National the of part as reimbursements meal federal Berkeley U.C. from study A Programs. Breakfast and Lunch seen were increases revenue meal greatest the that showed 12 home, such as walking and biking. that encourage active ways of getting between school and Additionally, schools should develop policies and programs lessons that meet the needs and interests of all students. programs and other physical activity clubs, programs and school, including intramural and interscholastic sports expand the physical activity opportunities available through of daily physical activity while in school. Schools should so that students can attain the recommended amount nature of the physical activity opportunities that are offered IOM also recommends that schools improve the extent and during mealtime. knowledge of nutrition and how to sensitively assist childrenactivities, and supervising adults who are trained in the basic pleasant dining room environments with minimal conflicting provide adequate time for students to consume meals, activities and other school events. School policy must vending machines, school stores, snack bars, fundraising available to children in all school-related settings, includingand vegetables. Healthy food choices should be made snack foods and encouraging greater consumption of fruits model healthy eating by limiting the sale of fast foods and situation with other food options in school. habits and not be placed in a profit-making or competitive serve as a learning laboratory for developing healthful eatingSchool Health recommends that school meal programs The Institute of Medicine’s Committee on Comprehensive Recommendations and Summary increasing physical education time (12 percent). ties (23 percent), increasing recess time (13 percent) and percent), increasing teams sports or intramural activi making changes in the physical education curriculum (31 promoting walking or biking to school (35 percent), study, schools most frequently reported that they were lished longer lunch periods (5 percent). had removed vending machines (8 percent) or estab reducing access to vending machines (30 percent). Few changing vending machine selections (30 percent) and including changing lunch menus/choices (47 percent), taken a number of actions to improve student nutrition, A 2004 national online survey found that schools had developed or are developing healthier nutrition policies. STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT 81 78 In the same 80 Schools can 79 - - 77 physical education limited to a few team sports). of daily activities for personal fitness (as opposed to education programs that emphasize and model learning Regarding physical activity, recommends AAP physical health problems as a result of overconsumption. restricts the sale of soft drinks to safeguard against ally, recommends AAP a districtwide school policy that bars, and school stores for school revenue. Addition decrease the dependence on vending machines, snack foods and beverages with little nutritional value and to the community on ways to decrease the availability of administrators to work with pediatricians and others in The American Academy of Pediatrics encourages school M students. for healthy, foods offering appealing are schools sound, financially remaining While such as dancing and martial arts.” martial and dancing as such students, for opportunities activity physical “ M — Peggy Agron, M.A., R.D., Chief, California Project any schools have also integrated unique unique have integrated any also schools any schools are meeting the challenge. challenge. the meeting are any schools LEAN, California Department of Health Services 82 83
- 13 ------2001 2001 Journal of of Journal , 1999, 1999, , , Llmarinen Llmarinen , . 2005. . , March 2000, March , Child Health Child Research Research , New York, NY: NY: NewYork, , Journal of School School of Journal Journal of Sport and of Journal Diabetes , 1997, 9: 113-126; and and 113-126; 9: 1997, , Diabetes Care Diabetes Children and Sport and Children , 1999, 70(2): 127-134. See 127-134. 70(2): 1999, , . 2005; 293:1861-7. 2005; . , Series 3, No. 13, “ Does Exercise Alter Alter DoesExercise “ 13, No. 3, Series , . 1997; 19(3):249-77. 1997; . , Sacramento, CA, 2002. Sacramento, , New England Journal of Medicine of Journal England New Pediatric Exercise Science Exercise Pediatric 1997, 67(6): 220-227. See also Kolbe, L.J., Green, L., L., Green, L.J., Kolbe, Seealso 220-227. 67(6): 1997, Research Digest Research Flegal KM, Graubard BI, Williamson DF, Gail MH. Gail DF, BI,Williamson KM,Graubard Flegal California Department of Education, “The Relationship Relationship “The Education, Departmentof California Rosenbaum, A.L., Joe, J.R., and Winter, W.R., “Emerging “Emerging W.R., Winter, and J.R., A.L., Joe, Rosenbaum, President’s Council on Physical Fitness and Sports, and Fitness June Physical on Council President’s Child Nutrition and Food Distribution Division, California California Division, Food Distribution and Nutrition Child Symons, C.W., Cinelli, B., James, T.C., and Groff, P., “Bridg P., Groff, and T.C., James, B., Cinelli, C.W., Symons, Etnier Jl, Salazaw W, Landers DM, Petreuzzello SJ, Han M, Han SJ, Landers Petreuzzello DM, W, Salazaw Jl, Etnier Sallis, J.F., et al., “Effects of health-related physical educa physical health-related of “Effects al., et J.F., Sallis, Hanson, T.L. and Austin, G.A. (2003). “Are Student Health Health Student “Are G.A. Austin, (2003). and T.L. Hanson, California Department of Education. April 2005. “Califor 2005. April Education. Departmentof California Ludwig, D. D. Ludwig, National Association for Sport and Physical Education/ SportPhysical Association and for National 21. 21. 22. Association Medical American 23. youth,” in type of diabetes 2 epidemic Association, “Type Diabetic American Seealso 345-354. 2292: adolescents,” and children in diabetes 2 381-389. 23(3): PFT/SAT-9 Study PFT/SAT-9 tion on academic achievement: Project SPARK,” Project SPARK,” achievement: academic on tion Sport and Exercise Quarterly for activity physical academic and “Curricular R.J., Shephard, also performance,” J.C., Jequier, R., LaBarre, H., Lavallee, M., Volle, R.J., Shepard, activity grades: physical academic and “Required M., Rajic, and study,” longitudinal controlled A 58-63. 1984, Berlin, Verlag, Springer Eds., Valimaki, and 16. upon exercise and fitness physical of influence “The P. Nowell meta-analysis.,” a functioning: cognitive Physiology Exercise 17. education “Physical Children, for Education Physical of Council 2001. education.” complete a to critical is 18. 2001 Infections?” Respiratory and Function Immune 19. Between Relationship the of Study A Test: Fitness Physical nia Using California in Achievement Academic and Fitness Physical CA. http://www.cde.ca.gov/ Sacramento, Results.” 2004Test ta/tg/pf/documents/2004pftresults.doc. 20. Achievement,” Academic and Fitness Between Physical 95(10): 1134-1139. Minnesota Department of Children, Families Families Children, Departmentof Minnesota 1134-1139. 95(10): Class the Energizing Programs Breakfast “School Learning, and 1998. MN: Paul, St. room,” 12. Section, Nutrition “Better Child and Education, Departmentof Super Office of State Washington Learning,” Better Breakfast, Instruction,1994. Public of intendent 13. Aca the Assets to Impediment Resilience and Low Risksand Survey Kids Healthy (California Schools?” of Progress demic CA:WestEd. Alamitos, Los 3). sheet Fact 14. through achievement academic and risks health student ing programs,” health school comprehensive Health education health of functions “Appropriate al., et Foreyt,J., In performance,” cognitive and health Improving schools: in Eds., M., Cataldo, and J., Arasteli, N., Krairweer, Perspective Pediatrics Behavioral A Behavior: 1986. Wiley, John 15.
- - - - , , , 1998, 1998, , School School , 1995, 1995, , STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE ERIC Digest ERIC , 1995, 95(10): 95(10): 1995, , 1989 (1,Spring): 17-21. (1,Spring): 1989 American Journal of Clinical Nutrition Clinical of Journal American , Tufts University, Medford, MA, 1994. Medford, University, Tufts , MA, 1994. Medford, University, Tufts , , Tufts University, Medford, MA, 1995. MA, Medford, University, Tufts , American Journal of Diseases of Children of Diseases of Journal American Archives of Pediatric Adolescent Medicine Adolescent Pediatric of Archives Journal of the American Dietetic Association Dietetic American the of Journal Statement on the Link Between Nutrition and Cognitive Cognitive Between and Link Nutrition the on Statement Cognitive Between and Link Nutrition the on Statement Statement on the Link Between Nutrition and Cognitive Cognitive and Nutrition Between Link the on Statement Public Media Center and California Food Policy Advocates, California and Center Media Public Meyers, A.F., et al., “School breakfast program and school and program breakfast “School al., et A.F., Meyers, Tufts University, Center on Hunger, Poverty, and Nutrition Nutrition and Poverty, Hunger, on Center University, Tufts Tufts University, Center on Hunger, Poverty, and Nutrition Nutrition and Poverty, Hunger, on Center University, Tufts Troccoli, K.B.,”Eat to Learn, Learn to Eat: The Link Between Link The Eat: to Learn Learn, to K.B.,”Eat Troccoli, Position of American Dietetics Association, 2004.Dietetics American of Position Pollitt, E., “Does breakfast make a difference in school?” school?” in difference a make breakfast “Does E., Pollitt, Minnesota Department of Children, Families and Learning, Learning, and Families Children, Departmentof Minnesota “Schools Chief O’Connell issues the Superintendent’s Chal Superintendent’s the issues O’Connell Chief “Schools Nutrition and Cognitive Development in Children. Policy State Policy Children. in Development Cognitive and Nutrition American School FoodSchoolAmerican Service Association (ASFSA). “Impact 1):24-30. Pollitt, E., “Does breakfast make a difference in in difference a make breakfast “Does E., Pollitt, 1):24-30. school?” fornia Healthy Kids Survey Factsheet 1). WestEd. Los Alamitos, Alamitos, Los WestEd. Factsheet1). Survey Kids Healthy fornia academic and breakfast “Diet, etal. RE, Kieinman CA:2002. 46(suppl Metab2002; Nutrition Ann children,” in performance functioning: cross-sectional and longitudinal observations in observations in longitudinal cross-sectional and functioning: 1998; Med. Adolesc Pediatr Arch sample,” school inner-city an risks, health GA. TL, “Students, Hanson Austin 152:899-907. (Cali California,” in Performance Academic the and resilience, for Best Practices. “Improving Performance by Meeting Student Student Meeting by Performance Best“Improving Practices. for “The al. JM,et Murphy 2. 2000,p. October 13, Needs,” Health academic and psychosocial to breakfast school of relationship and Education: A randomized Trial of the Effects of Rural EffectsRural the of of Trial randomized A Education: and PrimaryChildren,” School Association Governors (NGA) Center National 68(4):873-79. 11. 11. performance,” “Nutrition CA, al. et Powell Seealso 1234-1239. 143: 1989, Paul, MN:1998. Paul, 10. 1998. Hungry Minds,” First,Food for “Breakfast 152, 899-907. 152, 9. St. Classroom,” the Energizing Programs Breakfast “School Urbana, IL, ED369579, June 1994. See also Murphy, J., Pagano, Pagano, J., Murphy, Seealso 1994. June IL, ED369579, Urbana, “The R., Kleinman, and S., Kane, P., Sperling, J., Nachmani, M., academic and psychosocial to breakfast school of relationship functioning,” tion Consortium, Washington, DC, 1993. A summary appears summary A 1993. DC, Washington, Consortium, tion Childhood Early Elementaryand on Clearinghouse ERIC in: learning,” and nutrition “Children’s Education, Board FoodBoard ServiceReview Research 8. Health/Educa National Children,” in Learning and Nutrition Development in Children in Development 7. achievement.” student on malnutrition and hunger of ment. Medford, MA: Tufts University of School and Nutrition; Nutrition; and School of University Tufts MA: Nutrition Medford, and ment. Poverty, Hunger, on Center University, Tufts 1995. Policy, Journal of the American Dietetic Association Dietetic American the of Journal 1134-1139. 6. Policy, Policy, Children in Development 5. Development in Children in Development 3. 4. 22, 2003. 22, 2. Policy, REFERENCES 1. May Release, Press Education, Departmentof California lenge,” 14 dia Highlights,” Public Health Institute, Berkeley, 2000. CA, 43. cise Nutrition Survey.” M., and Sugarman, S. 1998 “California Teens Eating and Exer 42. 1977-1996. 41. cise Nutrition Survey.” M., and Sugerman, S., 1998 “California Teens Eating and Exer 40. CHIS 2001,” Sacramento, May 2004. California’s Adults, Adolescents, and Children: Findings from 39. guidelines for Americans,” 38. 1991, 12: 309-333. on adolescentEffects health,” 37. 2003, 289. quality of life of severely children obese and adolescents.” 36. prevention of pediatric overweight and obesity.” 2003. 35. Health in the Balance,” 2005. 34. January 5, 2005, 293: 70-76. 33. sociation, December 2001, www.ada.org. on Certain Drink School Soft Contracts,” American Dental As 32. 31. Epidemic,” www.dentalhealthfoundation.org/topics/children. 30. May 1998. Milk Now forMatters Children and Teens, Washington, DC, man Development, Childhood and Adolescent Nutrition: “Why Institutes of Health, National Institute of Child Health and Hu 29. Lancet, 2001, 357: 505-508. and Achildhood prospective, observational analysis,”obesity: tionship consumption between of sugar-sweetened drinks 28. ity of life of severely obese children and adolescents.”27. 2003, 289. MFoundationUSDHHS 2004. 2001. JAMA “The disease burden associated with overweight and obesity.” 26. sociation 25. Prevention, April 2002. 24. STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT
Journal of American Medical Association Meredith, C.N., and Dwyer, J.T., “Nutrition and exercise: USDA Continuing Survey of Intake Food by Individuals, Ibid. U.S. ofDepartment Health and Human National Services, California ofDepartment “Health Health Services, of Williams, J., American American Academy of Pediatrics. “Policy statement on Venkat Narayan BoyleKM JP et al. Must A, SpadanoMust A, J, Coakley E, ColditzField A, G, W. Dietz Journal of American Medical Association “The Oral Health of California’s Children: A Neglected Ibid. alsoSee “Profiling Body Weight and Tobacco Use-Me “Report Supports American Dental Association’s “Report Supports Stance Ludwig, D.S., Peterson, K.E., and Gortmaker, S., “Rela Foerster, S.B., Fierro, M.P., Gregson, J., Hudes, M., Oppen, Unpublished data from the Centers for Disease Control and Crane, N.T., “National nutrition and objectives the dietary Institute of Medicine, “Preventing Childhood Obesity: Foerster, S.B., Fierro, M.P., Gregson, J., Hudes, J. Oppen, . October 1999;. October 282(16):1523-1529. also:See HIHC . 2003;290:1884-1890. Journal of the American Medical Association Nutrition Today Annual Review of Public Health Journal of Medical As . “Health related qual , March-April 1998. . “Health related - - - - , - - - , - - 51. for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, 2005. 50. CHIS 2001,”Sacramento, May 2004. California’s Adults, Adolescents, and Children: Findings from 49. Districts,” Davis, 2002. CA, demic: andOverweight Unfit Children in California Assembly 48. cde.ca.gov. students,” Release News #04-102, November 24, www. 2004, O’Connell announces physical 2004 fitness results for California 47. Disease and Prevention, 2000. 46. Health: “A of theReport Surgeon General, July 1996.” ters for Disease Control and Prevention, and Physical Activity 45. 44. for Weight and Health, 2001. –Overweight What Should Be Done?” U.C. Berkeley, Center Masch, M., Ikeda, J. Position Paper, “Prevention of Childhood 60. Lancet, 2001, 357: 505-508. and childhood obesity: A prospective, observational analysis,” tionship between consumption of sugar-sweetened drinks 59. Young Children: and Impact Intervention.” August 2004. 58. Fact Sheet, UCLA Center for Health Policy Research, Aprilof 2005. Three Latino Adolescents Overweight or At Risk,” Health57. Policy Health Institute, Berkeley, 2000. CA, ing WeightBody and Tobacco Highlights,” Use-Media Public Teens Eating and Exercise Nutrition Survey.” alsoSee “Profil J., Hudes, M., Oppen, M., and Sugerman, S., “1998 California revised August 2002; and Foerster, S.B., Fierro, M.P., Gregson, vey,” The California Endowment, May Los Angeles, CA, 2001, California Children’s Healthy Eating and Exercise Practices Sur 56. Districts,” Davis, 2002. CA, demic: andOverweight Unfit Children in California Assembly 55. Health in the Balance, 2005.” 54. Data Show,” Press Release, 6, 2004. October ter for Health Statistics, “Obesity Still a Major Problem, New 53. Children and Adolescents: United States, 1999-2002.” Center for Health Statistics, “Prevalence of Among Overweight 52. 2005.Health Services, inOverweight California Adults.” California ofDepartment Rodriguez, M., Kane, M., Alonzo-Diaz, L. Flores, G. “One Out California ofDepartment Education, “State Schools Chief “The Economic Costs of Physical Inactivity, Obesity, and Ludwig, D.S., Peterson, K.E., and Gortmaker, S., “Rela California ofDepartment “Health Health Services, of California Center for Public Health Advocacy, “An Epi Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Cen U.S. ofDepartment Health and Human Cen Services, Division of Nutrition and Physical Activity, National Center “A Implicationson SpecialPolicy Report from the 1999 Ritchie, L., Crawford, P., G., Woodward-Lopez, Ivey, S., Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National National Institute for Healthcare Management. “Obesity in “School Health Policies and Programs Study,” Centers for Institute of Medicine, “Preventing Childhood Obesity: California Center for Public Health Advocacy, “An Epi Ibid. ------15 ------STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE California Proj California , October 1995, October , 1995, , July 2001 – June 2004. June – 2001 July , Pollitt, E., “Does breakfast make a difference in school?” school?” in difference a make breakfast “Does E., Pollitt, “Soft Drinks In Schools,” Policy Statement, American Policy Statement, Schools,” In Drinks “Soft Ibid. The Learning Connection, “The Value of Improving Nutri Improving of Value “The Connection, Learning The Allensworth, D., Lawson, E., Nicholson, L., and Wyche, J., J., Wyche, and L., Nicholson, Lawson, E., Allensworth,D., Ibid. The Center for Health and Health Care in Schools, Nutri Schools, in Care Health and Health for Center The Prevention of Pediatric Overweight and Obesity, Policy Obesity, Overweightand Pediatric of Prevention Reich, J. “The State of the Plate: A School Meal Primer for for Primer Meal School A Plate: the of State “The J. Reich, Surgeon General’s Report, 2001. General’s Surgeon Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, (1997) “Guide (1997) Prevention, and Control Disease for Centers Ibid. “Linking Education, Activity and Nutrition, Fiscal Impact Fiscal Activity Nutrition, and Education, “Linking Ibid. Ibid. California State Board of Education Policy #99-03, Education of Physical Board State California Ibid. “Prevalence and Specifics of Districtwide Beverage Contracts Contracts Beverage Districtwide of Specifics and “Prevalence Craypo, L., Purcell., Samuels, S., and Agron, P., “Fast “Fast P., Agron, and S., Samuels, Purcell., L., Craypo, Field Research Corporation, 2004. Corporation, Research Field McCormack-Brown, K.; Pitt Barnes, S., Reyes, L. Berends, V.; V.; Berends, L. Reyes, S., Barnes, Pitt K.; McCormack-Brown, California School Board Nutrition Policy ProjectNutrition “Summary Board School California California Department of Education, “School Meal Nutri Meal “School Education, Departmentof California 83. 83. 2003. Pediatrics, of Academy American Statement, 81. 81. 82. 2004. Pediatrics, of Academy 80. Acad National Medicine, of Institute Health, and Schools Eds., 1997. DC, Washington, Press, emy School?” Survey Results, 2004. Results, Survey School?” 79. ectLEAN 78. Your in Happening Obesity: and “What’s Exercise, Physical tion, 76. 76. 77. Outcomes.” Activities, and Goals, Plan Work of 75. 75. Examination for Results Survey Member Board “School P; Agron, 2004.” Policymakers Affecting Factors Communication of Department of Health and Human Services. Human and Health Departmentof 74. 1999. June Requirements, Education 73. 73. Lifelong Promote to Programs Community and School for lines GA:U.S. Atlanta, People..” Activity Physical Young Among 72. 72. Recommenda and Findings Districts: School Largest California’s 2002. in April CA, Berkeley, Institute, Health Public tions,” Health, 2002, 72(2): 78-82. See also “School Health Policies Policies Health 78-82.“School Seealso 72(2): 2002, Health, Control Disease for Centers “ (SHPPS), Survey Programs and 2000. Prevention, and 71. 71. 2000 the from Results Campuses: School High Food on Sales School of Journal Food Survey,” Fast School High California 69. 69. 2005. Berkeley, U.C. Report,” 70. 67. 67. CA, October . 2005 Sacramento, Report,” Analysis tion 68. California.” California Food 2005. Policy Advocates, California California.” 66. Journal of the American Dietetic Association Dietetic American the of Journal 1134-1139. 95(10): 65. Kids, 2005. www.ActionForHealthyKids.org 2005. Kids, 63. 64. 61. 61. 62. Healthy Action for “ Activity Schools, Physical Our and in tion COMPREHENSIVE PROVIDING A PROGRAM
PROVIDING A COMPREHENSIVE PROGRAM ON NUTRITION AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY What Districts Can Do...... 17 What School Boards Can Do...... 19 17 machines, school stores and other venues that that venues other and stores school machines, pre- grades, all in meals school healthy with compete 12. grade through kindergarten provided are foods and snacks healthy that Ensure venues other and stores school machines, vending in cost should options These control. district’s the within alternatives. unhealthy than less or same the Ensure that nutrition and physical activity policies are are policies activity physical and nutrition that Ensure annually. evaluated and implemented marketing and tasting selection, the in students Involve students. to appeal that beverages and foods healthy of fruits, as such options, food of variety a Provide are which foods, dairy and grains whole vegetables, sugars. added and fat in low to appeal that choices healthy of variety a Offer favorites. ethnic and cultural including students, child available in participating to schools all Commit after- lunch, breakfast, including programs, nutrition service. food summer and care child snacks, school to, attached stigma social any eliminate to Work are who students of, overidentification prevent and meals. reduced-price and free for eligible vending in foods unhealthy to access student Restrict Establish a vision and goals for the district’s child child district’s the for goals and vision a Establish programs. education physical and nutrition beverages and foods all ensure that policies Adopt events school at and campuses school on available patterns eating toward contribute fundraisers and school the with consistent minimum, a at are, that Extend law. federal and state in standards food high and middle to apply to standards nutrition appropriate. where schools K-12 grades in students ensure that policies Adopt to encouragement and support opportunities, have basis. daily a on active physically be and professionals service food well-trained Retain reinforce who instructors education physical certified physical and eating healthy of adoption students’ habits. activity Monitor a la carte food sales. food carte la a Monitor Ensure quality school meals. school quality Ensure
➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ . . 2 3
STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE (See Appendix C: C: Appendix (See Providing a Comprehensive Physical Activity Program on Nutrition and Emphasize proper nutrition and physical activity as a priority.
1. To provide a comprehensive nutrition and physical activity physical and nutrition comprehensive a provide To steps: following the consider should districts program, develop effective policies on nutrition and physical activity. physical and nutrition on policies effective develop WHAT DISTRICTS CAN DO school boards in promoting healthy eating and physical physical and eating healthy promoting in boards school boards help to information provides III Chapter and activity, “Coordinated School Health Program.”) Health School “Coordinated of role the at closely more looks section subsequent The to establish and maintain a Coordinated School Health Health School Coordinated a maintain and establish to health, school of components all addresses that Program chapter. this in addressed not are which Activity’s Model Local School Wellness Policies on Physical Physical on Policies Wellness School Local Model Activity’s encouraged are districts School Nutrition. and Activity for Disease Control and Prevention’s School Health Index, Index, Health School Prevention’s and Control Disease for Changing Agriculture’s of Department States United the and Nutrition for Alliance National the and Scene the These recommendations have been adapted from the the from adapted been have recommendations These Centers the Change, for Prescription General’s Surgeon This chapter presents eight successful ways to support a support to ways successful eight presents chapter This environment. activity physical and nutrition school healthy lifelong healthy eating and physical activity behaviors. By activity behaviors. physical and eating healthy lifelong ensure schools and districts programs, effective adopting priority. top a is students of health the that and optimal health by providing the skills, social support support social skills, the providing by health optimal and adopt necessaryto reinforcement environmental and A comprehensive school nutrition and physical activity physical and nutrition school comprehensive A potential academic full attain students help can program spend so much of their time at school or at school-related school-related at or school at time their of much so spend solution. the of part vital a be can schools activities, activity-related needs of students. However, because the the because However, students. of needs activity-related activity physical nutrition, health, between relationship people young because and strong, so is learning and Schools alone cannot meet all the nutrition and physical physical and nutrition the all meet cannot alone Schools II.
18 5 4 STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT . . ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣
education. nutritionSupport education and physical health. Provide an environment conducive to good healthy eating and physical activity behaviors. development so students are able to learn and adopt education specialists focus on knowledge and skill Ensure that qualified nutrition education and physical Standards for California Public Schools. California’s Physical Education Model Content Provide physical education that is consistent with school students. minutes/10400 days are required for middle and high education are required for elementary students and At a minimum, 200 minutes/10 days of physical sequential, comprehensive, standards-based program. pre-kindergarten through grade 12, as part of a education and daily physical education in all grades, Offer adequate time in the curriculum for nutrition “safe routes to school” program. school. Explore funding availability of the federal it easier and safer for students to walk and bike to Assess and make needed improvements to make interscholastic athletics. as physical activity clubs, intramural programs, or Offer extracurricular physical activity programs, such recess for elementary school students. Allow sufficient time during the day for supervised where feasible. school, on weekends, and during school vacations physical activity facilities before, during and after Make available adequate and safe access to school day.school and convenient for to throughout students use the Ensure that drinking fountains are operable, clean comfortable and inviting place. of time to eat their food and socialize in a safe, lunch lines are not too long and students have plenty periods at reasonable hours around midday. Ensure students to eat school meals, and schedule lunch Allow an adequate amount of time and space for 6 7 . . ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣
Explore revenue-generating alternatives. activity. Promote healthy eating and physical Rewards.”) erasers). alternatives (e.g., inexpensive stickers, pencils or the classroom, and instead encourage non-food for good behavior or academic performance candy or high-fat foods) as an incentive or reward Discourage the use of unhealthy foods (e.g., soda, physical education class time. to vigorous physical activity at least 50 percent of Assess whether students are engaging in moderate food service staff and teachers. and in the classroom, with coordination between Offer nutrition education in the school dining area, Ideas” at www.CaliforniaProjectLEAN.org.) (See Chapter V: Case Studies and visit CPL’s “Bright on the sale of unhealthy foods and beverages. Explore how some districts are able to be less reliant School Fundraising Ideas.”) and other food outlets. foods in vending machines, snack bars, student stores support their activities through the sale of unhealthy clubs and Parent Teacher Associations do not have to so food service programs, booster clubs, student Continually seek other sources of revenue for schools “Commercial Activities in Schools.”) unhealthy foods and beverages. Discourage the promotion and advertising of promote less nutritious food choices. on campus that encourage healthy eating and do not Conduct promotional campaigns in the cafeteria and teachers, administrators and the community. eating and physical activity to students, parents, Use a variety of strategies to actively promote healthy low-fat yogurt or salads for class parties. Serve healthy foods such as smoothies, fat-free or activity (recess, physical education) as punishment. pushups) or withholding of opportunities for physical Disallow the use of physical activity (e.g., running laps, (See Appendix C: “Constructive Classroom (See Appendix C: “Creative (See Appendix C:
19 (See Chapter III: Chapter (See
Adopt curriculum. curriculum. Adopt The eating habits and activity patterns of children children of activity patterns and habits eating The among collaboration by influenced positively be can As public organizations. community and agencies students, of needs the represent to elected officials encourage to position powerful a in are boards school community. the within approach coordinated a The board adopts guidelines for curricula, and thus thus and curricula, for guidelines adopts board The healthy about students teach efforts to support can activity. physical and eating programs. district to resources Allocate so in and, budget district the adopts board The the reflect priorities budget that ensure must doing, statement. vision its in forth set priorities and goals physical and programs food education, nutrition If to allocated be must funds priority, a are education funds include may These activities. those support grants. government and foundations from accountability. program Ensure holds and outcomes program monitors board The role, this fulfill To accountable. superintendent the information periodic request to want may board the education nutrition choices, food students’ to related activity opportunities. physical and those needs. The district should consider having a having consider should district The needs. those well-being physical and nutritional the address to plan officials federal and state Because students. its of nutritional children’s impact that decisions make also influence to opportunities seek can board the health, well. as issue this on bodies regulatory and legislative policy. Adopt direction provides and expectations sets board The of variety a on policies of adoption the through districtwide a adopt to required is board The topics. the of 204 Section with accordance in policy wellness Act WIC Reauthorization and Nutrition Child Federal manual policy district’s the review can and 2004, of healthier promote to opportunities other for look to activity. physical and habits eating Development.) Policy approaches. collaborative Encourage
. . . . . 4 5 6 7 3 - STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE (See Chapter Chapter (See (See Chapter VI: Resources.) VI: Chapter (See (See Chapter VI: Resources.) VI: Chapter (See Access other resources to develop sound policies for for policies sound develop to resources other Access Health School Coordinated a of components other program. Develop a shared vision and an action plan to achieve achieve to plan action an and vision shared a Develop it. models. school-based successful Review www. at Ideas” “Bright CPL’s visit and Studies Case V: CaliforniaProjectLEAN.org.) spend time with students and staff to learn what what learn to staff and students with time spend drinking. and eating are students administrators, staff, school parents, students, Involve the assessing in leaders community and nutritionists environment. activity physical and eating school’s Visit the school cafeteria for breakfast and lunch and and lunch and breakfast for cafeteria school the Visit nutrition. Set a vision for good nutrition and good good and nutrition good for vision a Set health. Assess the district’s nutrition and physical physical and nutrition district’s the Assess program. activity The board has the responsibility to provide leadership leadership provide to responsibility the has board The draw can Boards community. the and schools the in schools and students the of needs the to attention address necessaryto support the garner help and for supporting student health. Goals and objectives objectives and Goals health. student supporting for outcomes desired specific include can district the of activity. physical and eating healthy to related and health good for advocates Become In a district’s vision statement or in its mission and and mission its in or statement vision district’s a In priority its emphasize can board a statement, goals
➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ . . 1. as a governance team, can enhance good nutrition and and nutrition good enhance can team, governance a as ways: following the in students for well-being physical enhance student health. health. student enhance superintendent the with closely working board, school The ship in the community. Thus, the board is in a powerful powerful a in is board the Thus, community. the in ship that programs facilitate and encourage to position schools. This involves setting a direction for the district, district, the for direction a setting involves This schools. support, providing action, for structure a establishing leader providing and accountable system the holding WHAT WHAT SCHOOL BOARDS CAN DO community’s the govern to elected are boards School 8 2 DEVELOPMENT POLICY
POLICY DEVELOPMENT The Board’s Role in Policy...... 21 Policy Development Process...... 22 Nutrition Policy Development Worksheet...... 22 Physical Activity Policy Development Worksheet...... 33 21 Policies help ensure decisions are made thoughtfully, thoughtfully, made are decisions ensure help Policies direction policy larger the mind in keeping while avoid districts help can process This district. the of decisions individual with precedent a setting into taking without made hastily be may which implications. long-term the consideration making it possible to provide coherent rather than than rather coherent provide to possible it making staff. the to messages policy fragmented or action initiate can boards policies, creating By and appropriate an in stakeholders district to respond way. systematic framework structural a provides manual policy A helps and district, the organize and guide to and roles the as well as philosophy district clarify and superintendent the board, the of responsibilities staff. evaluation and adoption development, Policy operations district which by mechanisms the are members, board in changes through stable remain staff. or superintendent effective an through policies sound of Development that showing by confidence public increases process a with operated and governed being is district the of parameters the within learning, student on focus practices. business sound with accordance in and law, Voting on a policy provides clear direction to the the to direction clear provides policy a on Voting agree, all not may members Board superintendent. process adoption and development policy the but agreement, to comes board the of majority a ensures ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ The public entrusts school boards with responsibility for for responsibility with boards school entrusts public The best the do schools public community’s the sure making student learning. Policies are also adopted to communicate communicate to adopted also are Policies learning. student the regarding community and board the of expectations the district. the throughout schools in climate overall and anticipate fix, out, reach help, to want Boards To community. school the in present issues to respond system a utilize to important is it goals, these accomplish and democracy and stability access, equal provides that board’s working a of nature collective the recognizes responsibility. and authority legal work to important is it that reasons many are There policies: through - STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE will not be less restrictive than federal policy; and policy; federal than restrictive less be not will wellness the of effectiveness the measuring for plan a one least at of designation the including policy, that ensure and activities the oversee to person policy. wellness local the meet schools determines is appropriate; is determines campus on sold food all for guidelines nutrition and health promote to efforts in day, the during obesity; childhood reduce meals school for guidelines nutrition that assurance goals for nutrition education and physical activity activity physical and education nutrition for goals district the that manner a in wellness promote that ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ actions taken by district staff support the district vision for for vision district the support staff district by taken actions One of the board’s most effective tools for establishing establishing for tools effective most board’s the of One by is accountable system the holding and expectations its that ensure to policies adopt boards School policy. setting THE BOARD’S ROLE IN POLICY The information below, and throughout this guide, can can guide, this throughout and below, information The of review the in stakeholders its and board the assist policy. appropriate of development the and issues these At a minimum, the policy must address: must policy the minimum, a At required to include parents, students, school food service food school students, parents, include to required and members board administrators, school professionals, policy. the of development the in public the of members school boards establish local wellness policies by the the by policies wellness local establish boards school is district The 2006-07 year. the school of beginning to improving student health has been increased by a by increased been has health student improving to Child Federal the of 204 Section under requirement that 2004 Actof WIC Reauthorization and Nutrition community’s priority on student health and wellness. and health student on priority community’s approach comprehensive a adopting of urgency The material in this chapter as a starting point, to ensure that that ensure to point, starting a as chapter this in material and board’s the reflect and date to up are policies district hensive manner based on relevant research and putting the the putting and research relevant on based manner hensive that recommended is It first. youth and children of needs the using policies, existing their at look hard a take districts related to student health, nutrition and physical activity. activity. physical and nutrition health, student to related compre a in developed been have not may or may These III. Policy Development place in policies of number a have already may Districts 22 board policies and administrative regulations. data and for making recommendations on the relevant the necessary actions and responsibilities for collecting school boards, administrators, and staff others determine Part III development or revision of current policies or regulations. physical in activity order to determine the need for the and administrative regulations related to nutrition and istrators, and staff others assess existing board policies Part II achievement. this relationship issue and its student with learning and board’s discussion and to of an develop understanding ofprovides designedto aseries questions facilitate the I Part board policies and administrative regulations. district and staff others to develop and review related provide a guide for school boards, superintendents, and Physical Policy Activity Development Worksheet The following Nutrition Policy Development Worksheet DEVELOP POLICY actions will result from the adoption of the policy. the same time or located together so it is clear what succeed. Regulations and policies are often adopted at and enforceable steps that are needed to make the policy policy. The superintendent knows the specific practical member drafts administrative regulations based on the Subsequently, the superintendent or assigned staff the board’s policy intent and then to adopt the policy. responsibility first to ensure the language clearly reflects usuallystaff drafts the policy language, the board has the from a new law or a change in existing law. While district directive from the board or superintendent, a mandate developed and recommended to the board based on a The policies that are in a district policy manual are often behalf of the community. authority to make decisions in the public policy arena on locally elected school boards, that are vested with the policy direction and parameters can be done only by possible job of providing a quality education. Setting STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT of each worksheet introduces of topic each and worksheet the policy uses a series of questions to help boards, admin suggests a policy development process to help M ENT PROCESS ENT - and then to proceed accordingly. is important is for districts to find what works for them, will follow the same policy development process. What recognized that it is unlikelyvery that any districts two issue and its impact on student learning. However, it is the greatest opportunity for a full understanding of the in this section is resource intensive. such, As it provides The policy review and development process described deadlines. assist in the planning of the policy work and to establish A regulations. and developing new board policies and administrative Part IV 2 1. the relationship between nutrition and student learning. questions are intended to focus your district’s discussion on Relationship to student learning: Topic of Discussion Initial I: Part WORKSHEET DEVELOP POLICY NUTRITION
.
Workplan and Timeline What does your governance team see as the learning in your district? relationship between nutrition and student learning? Why is nutrition important to student provides a format for completing policy revisions form is also provided to The following M ENT ENT 23 What are the district’s goals for nutrition education? education? nutrition for goals district’s the are What level? grade each in taught currently is What What are your community’s and board’s expectations expectations board’s and community’s your are What foods all of value nutritional the to regard with grounds? school on available student by differ children of needs nutritional the Do group? age education at all grade levels. grade all at education The district’s curriculum includes nutrition nutrition includes curriculum district’s The
➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ .
2 - STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE Below are the basic compo basic the are Below
What does research show about the relationship relationship the about show research does What learning? student and nutrition between The board recognizes that proper that recognizes board The the maximizing for necessary is nutrition learn. to child a opportunityfor improved student learning? student improved How will policies on nutrition contribute to to contribute nutrition on policies will How
➣ . 1. are questions that may help guide the board’s discussion discussion board’s the guide help may that questions are component. the of interests that your board would want to address in a in address to want would board your that interests statement component each Under topic. this on policy component statement is a key concept related to the the to related concept key a is statement component component Each itself. language policy the not but topic, and concerns identify or issue an frame to intended is in policy or administrative regulations. Component Component regulations. administrative or policy in Each language. policy be to intended not are statements in policy on student nutrition. Some components are are components Some nutrition. student on policy in reflect others and learning, student to related directly include to important also are that issues compliance legal Policy topic components: topic Policy address and/or understand should board a that nents 3 24 STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ each grade level? Is this sufficient? How much time is spent on nutrition education at Who teaches nutrition at the various grade levels? the California Department of Education? Is it aligned to the nutritional competencies issued by Does it follow a prescribed scope and sequence? 3 . ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣
federal and state nutrition standards. The district’s food services program meets standards being implemented? are not less restrictive than federal policy? Are the Has the board assured that district nutrition guidelines What are the federal and state nutrition standards? education? What courses might be able to incorporate nutrition parents or students involved in the process? How are foods selected for school menus? Are price school lunch and breakfast programs? students eligible for the national free and reduced- Does the food service program adequately serve all 25 - these items are made available? available? made are these items Does the district have contractual obligations that that obligations contractual have district the Does contracts (e.g., consideration into taken be to need companies)? beverage with existing arrange by generated are resources What food/beverage What competitive ments for sales? consists of district’s the budget of percentage private-sector specificallycommercial contributions, activities pertaining non-nutritious and foods to about student show does What research beverages? when beverages and foods healthier of purchases How can the district ensure that other food sales do do sales food other that ensure district the can How food district’s the in participation student impair not program? service for approved items food specific are process what By machines? vending or fundraisers in sale ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE What are the community’s and board’s expectations expectations board’s and community’s the are What the use of “junk foods” for fundraisers? Do these these Do fundraisers? for foods” “junk of use the grade or age the on depending vary expectations consistent? be they should or students, of level regarding: (a) the availability of soda on campus? (b) (b) campus? on soda of availability the (a) regarding: all food sold on campus during the day? Do these these Do day? the during campus on sold food all health? student promote guidelines Has the district established nutrition guidelines for for guidelines nutrition established district the Has What are the legal requirements regarding food food regarding requirements legal the are What vending and/or fundraisers for sales beverage and machines? What do your district collective bargaining bargaining collective district your do What education/food nutrition about say agreements service?
Other food sales in district schools (e.g., (e.g., schools district in sales food Other encourage machines) vending fundraisers, habits. eating healthy
➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ . 4 26 5 STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT . ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣
habits. district’s toefforts promote healthy eating messages at schools do not undermine the Advertisements and other commercial board’s approval be required? circumstances, if any, should the superintendent’s or decisions regarding commercial activities? Under what individual school sites be allowed to make their own or other commercial activities? To what extent should and approving specific requests for advertisements What is the district’s current process for reviewing on the grade levels of the students in the school? sugar)? Should the criteria/restrictions vary depending nutritional value (e.g., soft drinks, foods high in fat or advertisements of foods and beverages of minimal Should the board ban or place any restrictions on content of advertisements aimed at students? What criteria should be established regarding the funds, products, materials or equipment? the district to advertise as a condition for receiving Do existing business partnerships or contracts require children and youth to commercial persuasion? What does research show about the susceptibility of 6 . ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣
The district shall regularly evaluate the programs. effectiveness of its nutrition policies and become critically aware consumers? instruction in media literacy which helps students to Does the district’s educational program include product? taken to clarify that the district is not endorsing a of the product by the district? What steps can be Do advertisements in schools imply an endorsement receive, and how often? What type of reports does the board expect to programs? effectiveness of the district’s nutrition policies and What indicators will be used to measure the implementation of the district’s wellness policy? Who has the superintendent assigned to oversee the 27 Does the policy reflect current legal legal current reflect policy the Does Are the administrative regulations regulations administrative the Are regulations? administrative requirements? consistent with the board policy? board the with consistent policy/ with comply practice district Does
. . . . 5 4 3 - - STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE Does the policy include a focus on student student on focus a include policy the Does How? learning? List your board policy or policies related to to related policies or policy board your List nutrition.
. 2 1. the policy components identified in Part I. in identified components policy the education based on the following questions. The assess The questions. following the on based education all include policies your whether determine should ment Review your current board policy and administrative regu administrative and policy board current your Review nutrition and sales food service, food to related lations Part II: Assessment of Existing Policy Those components should be listed here (e.g., physical physical (e.g., here listed be should components Those etc.): safety, food gardens, school education, As part of your discussion of the above policy components components policy above the of discussion your of part As additional identify may board your nutrition, to related community. and district your in components policy related 28 7 district documents. alignment of policy, other key work of boards and other issues that require further attention to ensure the consideration. In addition, items 7 and 8 may identify related to, but not directly part of the policy topic under Note: 6 STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT . .
for future review or action? policy assessment raised any policy issues Has your board’s policy discussion and/or current policy? to develop new policy, or delete or revise Part II, in what areas does your board need and assessment of policy just completed in As a result of the board discussion in Part I
Items 7 and 8 are intended to identify issues 8 1. the district and the community. include opportunities for input from affected parties in analysis and recommendations. The process also should and the assignment of responsibility for data collection, allocation of resources for data collection and analysis, mining where the data may be available, the appropriate effectively address this policy topic. This includes deter ernance team should determine the data needed to part ofAs the policy development process, your gov Process Development Policy III: Part . ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣
a. Internal data sources: Based on your discussion and assessment, review or revisions? do other district documents require future nutrition-related policies? What data do you need in order to develop
Other Student handbook Staff development plan Employee handbooks School improvement plans Strategic plan Collective bargaining agreements District budget Administrative regulations - - 29 Your board should identify the the identify should board Your completed in Part II identify any additional additional any identify II Part in completed in wants board the components content policy? revised or new Which of the policy components listed listed components policy the of Which key by recommended those and I Part in the does III) Part in (identified stakeholders revised or new a in included want board policy?
. Does the assessment of existing policy policy existing of assessment the Does . 2 Part IV: Board Policy Content Directions decisions: Content on based policy revised or new of components content Parts I in input and analysis assessment, discussion, the questions: following the of review a III and through 1. STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE What are the recommendations of staff staff of recommendations the are What data? the of analysis an on based What are the recommendations from the from recommendations the are What above? listed individuals other interested community members)? community interested other process (e.g., food service director, food food director, service food (e.g., process health and education physical staff, service department, health dietitians, teachers, professionals, care health and health public students, parents, administrators, school be involved in the policy development development policy the in involved be Who beyond the governance team should should team governance the beyond Who b. External data sources: data External b.
. . . 4 3 2 30 be revisited before the policy is formally adopted. or all of the questions in I Parts through mayIV need to draft policy. If any significant revisions are required,some questions should be used to guide the board’s review of consideration at a public board meeting. The following legal review of the policy, and bring it to the board for designees should prepare a draft policy, arrange for intendent, policy committee and/or other appropriate completed the process described previously, the super Review of draft policy: 4 3 STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT . .
revised policy? components the board wants in new or III reveal any additional (or new) content in new or revised policy? existing policy that should not be included Has the board identified anycontent in Do the data and input developed in Part After the board has - 6 5 . .
Does public or staff input add any new communicate the board’s direction? should the policy be revised to better the board’s intent? In what ways, if any, Does the draft policy accurately reflect issues that need to be addressed? 31 - STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE Following adoption of the policy by the board, the the board, the by policy the of adoption Following include for periodic review and evaluation? and review periodic for include What provisions does the draft policy policy draft the does provisions What What criteria will the governance team use team governance the will criteria What achieves policy this whether determine to results? desired the
. .
and modeling the behavior called for in policy. policy. in for called behavior the modeling and the board’s responsibility to support it by providing the the providing by it support to responsibility board’s the considering adopted, is budget a when funding necessary decisions, bargaining collective of implications policy the of these groups so people receive the information of of information the receive people so groups these of is it adopted, been has policy a Once them. to use most be communicated, the individuals, groups and media media and groups individuals, the communicated, be when and, communication, the receive to organizations each for messages the tailor that strategies appropriate, implement the policy. The plan could include agreement agreement include could plan The policy. the implement to messages key outreach, community goals, the on Note: Note: communicat for plan a develop should superintendent to plan a as well as parties, interested to policy the ing 8 7 32
Part IV: Part III Part II Part I: Activity NUTR
STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT i
: : TION POLICY WORKPLAN AND TI AND WORKPLAN POLICY TION
District and community input recommendation Communication of new policy Second reading and adoption Legal review of revised policy Drafting of revised policy, if necessary for public input Modify policy Modify based on review and evaluation Review and evaluation Implementation by superintendent and staff Professional analysis staff and Data collection and analysis First reading: board initial opportunity Legal review Drafting of recommended policy Board content directions Introduction of topic and Assessment of existing policy initial board discussion of broad issues Specifically: (list)
M ELINE
______Responsible Person ______
Deadline 33 How will the district measure the impact of the the of impact the measure district the will How learning? student on program activity physical with regard to the schools’ responsibility to provide provide to responsibility schools’ the to regard with activity? physical promote and activity? physical for goals district’s the are What activity physical promoting for strategies different Are socioeconomic gender, ages, students’ on based needed resources? community of availability or status What does research show about the relationship relationship the about show research does What learning? student and health activity, physical between expectations board’s and community’s your are What The board recognizes that physical physical that recognizes board The the maximizing for necessary is activity learn. to child a opportunityfor
➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ concept related to the topic, but not the policy language language policy the not but topic, the to related concept or issue an frame to intended is component Each itself. want would board your that interests and concerns identify component each Under topic. this on policy a in address to board’s the guide help may that questions are statement component. the of discussion 1. - ENT M STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE The following The following The following are the basic basic the are following The How will policies on physical activity activity physical on policies will How learning? student improved to contribute student learning in your district? your in learning student What does your governance team see as the as see team governance your does What and activity physical between relationship Why is physical activity important to to important activity physical is Why learning? student
. . be policy language. Each component statement is a key key a is statement component Each language. policy be related to student learning, and others reflect legal compli legal reflect others and learning, student to related or policies in include to important also are that issues ance to intended not are statements Component regulations. components that a board should understand and/or address address and/or understand should board a that components directly are components Some activity. physical on policy in Policy topic components: topic Policy 3 2 1. questions are intended to focus your district’s discussions district’s discussions your focus to intended questions are between activity physical on relationship the student and learning. Part I: Initial Discussion of Topic Relationship to student learning: PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY DEVELOP WORKSHEET 34 2 STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT . ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣
education at all grade levels. The district’s curriculum includes physical excluded from physical education? Who and why? Are some students temporarily or permanently substitutions for physical education be permitted? physical education requirements of the district? Should Do marching band classes and similar activities satisfy Are the physical activities age and culturally appropriate? students spending on physical activity? Is it sufficient? What percentage of class time are each grade level? Does this meet legal requirements? How much time is spent on physical education at framework for physical education? Is the district’s curriculum aligned to the state’s successful physical education program? What does research show are the components of a at each grade level? Do the students find it enjoyable? What types of physical education are currently taught ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ adequate? education? What is the student/teacher ratio? Is this What are the qualifications of staff teaching physical excessive physical assertion? students with a physical disability that may restrict Are appropriate alternative activities provided for safety standards? physical activities meet or exceed recommended Do playgrounds, sports fields and other facilities for fitness topics? a comprehensive, coordinated approach to physical district’s nutrition and/or health curriculum to provide Is the physical education curriculum linked to the planning and in assisting individual students? by the State Board of Education, used in program the annual physical performance testing designated graded? How are these evaluations, plus the results of How is students’ physical performance assessed and 35 What types of state and/or federal resources are are resources federal and/or state of types What programs state and/or federal which In available? participate? current district the does reducing television viewing? How are parents involved involved parents are How viewing? television reducing the at offered programs education physical the in sites? school various partnerships local in involved currently district the Is activity physical for opportunities provide to working other What community? the in youth and children for community or businesses organizations, agencies, local expand or initiate to approached be might leaders fitness? and health children’s on focused collaboratives To what extent is physical activity incorporated into into incorporated activity physical is extent what To child or programs after-school district-operated, any programs? care to schools for available are opportunities What in involvement community and parent promote by as such behavior, sedentary children’s reducing effort to promote students’ physical physical students’ promote to effort day. school the beyond activity The district engages in a collaborative collaborative a in engages district The
➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ . 4 STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE equipment available as necessary? as available equipment What provisions are necessary to maximize the the maximize to necessary are provisions What protective Is athletes? student of safety and health What are the qualifications of coaches in the district? the in coaches of qualifications the are What Is the district’s program free from discrimination? discrimination? from free program district’s the Is both for opportunities equivalent provide it Does equity” “gender does What females? and males programs? athletic of terms in mean How is eligibility for participation in interscholastic interscholastic in participation for eligibility is How requirements Are determined? programs athletic other for as same the eligibility academic for activities? extracurricular/co-curricular principles and rules? and principles What are the legal requirements and California California and requirements legal the are What rules and principles Federation Interscholastic Is programs? athletic interscholastic to applicable laws, those with consistent program district’s the Interscholastic athletic programs, if any, are are any, if programs, athletic Interscholastic program educational the with integrated good and fitness physical promote and sportsmanship.
➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ . 3 36 4 3 2 1. fied in I. Part whether your policies include all the components identi following questions. The assessment should determine regulations related to physical based activity on the Review your current board policies and administrative Policy Existing of Assessment II: Part STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT . . .
administrative regulations? consistent with board policy? Are the administrative regulations learning? How? Does the policy include a focus on student physical activity. List your board policy or policies related to Does district practice comply with policy/ - 6 5 8 7 district documents. alignment of policy, other key work of boards and other issues that require further attention to ensure the consideration. In addition, items 7 and 8 may identify related to, but not directly part of the policy topic under Note: . . . . ❏ ❏ ❏ ❏ ❏ ❏ ❏ ❏
Based on your discussion and assessment, Has your board’s policy discussion and/or current policy? to develop new policy, or delete or revise Part II, in what areas does your board need and assessment of policy just completed in As a result of the board discussion in Part I requirements? Does the policy reflectcurrent legal future review or revisions? what other district documents require for future review or action? policy assessment raised any policy issues Other ______Student handbook Staff development plan School improvement plans Strategic plan Collective bargaining agreements District budget Administrative regulations Items 7 and 8 are intended to identify issues 37 - After the board has completed completed has board the After Your board should identify the the identify should board Your content components the board wants in in wants board the components content policy? revised or new in content any identified board the Has included be not should that policy existing policy? revised or new in content new) (or additional any reveal III or new in wants board the components policy? revised Which of the policy components listed in Part Part in listed components policy the of Which stakehold key by recommended those and I want board the does III) Part in (identified ers policy? revised or new a in included additional any identify II Part in completed Part in developed input and data the Do Does the assessment of existing policy policy existing of assessment the Does
. . . committee and/or other appropriate designees should should designees appropriate other and/or committee the of review legal for arrange policy, draft a prepare a at consideration for board the to it bring and policy, should questions following The meeting. board public If policy. draft of review board’s the guide to used be the of all or some required, are revisions significant any revisited be to need IV may through Parts I in questions adopted. formally is policy the before 3 4 policy: draft of Review policy superintendent, the above, described process the Part IV: Board Policy Content Directions directions: Content on based policy revised or new of components content Parts I in input and analysis assessment, discussion, the questions. following the of review a III and through 1. 2 - STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE External data sources: data External Internal data sources: data Internal
based on an analysis of the data? the of analysis an on based What are the recommendations of staff, staff, of recommendations the are What What are the recommendations from the from recommendations the are What above? listed stakeholders care professionals, parents, students, county/ students, parents, professionals, care representatives, recreation and parks city members)? community interested other involved in the policy development process process development policy the in involved teachers, health and education physical (e.g., health and health public department, health b. be should team governance the beyond Who What data do you need in order to develop develop to order in need you do data What activity? physical to related policy a.
. . . 4 3 2 1. tions. The process also should include opportunities for input input for opportunities include should also process The tions. community. the and district the in parties affected from for data collection and analysis, and the assignment of of assignment the and analysis, and collection data for recommenda and analysis collection, data for responsibility team should determine the data needed to effectively effectively to needed data the determine the should where team determining includes This topic. policy this resources of address allocation appropriate the available, be may data Part III: Policy Development Process governance your process, development policy the of part As 38 8 7 6 5 STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT . . . .
include for periodic review and evaluation? What provisions does the draft policy the desired results? to determine whether this policy achieves What criteria will the governance team use issues that need to be addressed? Does public or staff input add any new communicate the board’s direction? should the policy be revised to better the board’s intent? In what ways, if any, Does the draft policy accurately reflect the behavior called for in the policy. cations of collective bargaining decisions, and modeling when a budget is adopted, considering the policy impli sibility to support it by providing the necessary funding Once a policy has been adopted, it’s the board’s respon use to them. these groups so people receive the information of most appropriate, strategies that tailor the messages to each of organizations to receive the communication; and, when be communicated; the individuals, groups and media on the goals; community outreach; key messages to implement the policy. The plan could include agreement ing the policy to interested parties, as well as a plan to superintendent should develop a plan for communicat Note: Following adoption of the policy by the board, the - - - 39
Deadline
______PersonResponsible ______ELINE M
STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE
Specifically: (list) Specifically: initial board discussion of broad issues broad of discussion board initial of draft policy, opportunity for public input public for opportunity policy, draft of Drafting of revised policy, revised of Drafting Review and evaluation and Review review on based Modifypolicy evaluation and Board content directions content Board Introduction of topic and topic of Introduction policy existing of Assessment analysis and collection Data recommendation and staff analysis Professional input community and District policy recommended of Drafting review Legal consideration initial board reading: First if necessary if policy revised of review Legal adoption and reading Second policy new of Communication superintendent by Implementation staff and
:
:
Part IV: Part Part III Part Part IIPart Part I:Part PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY WORKPLAN AND TI Activity
BOARD POLICIES SAMPLE
SAMPLE BOARD POLICIES BP 0200 Goals for the District ...... 42 BP 3312 Contracts...... 44 BP/AR 3550 Food Service/Child Nutrition Program ...... 48 BP/AR 3553 Free and Reduced-Price Meals...... 52 BP/AR 3554 Other Food Sales ...... 56 BP 5030 Student Wellness ...... 60 BP/AR 6142.7 Physical Education ...... 64 BP/AR 6142.8 Comprehensive Health Education ...... 67 41 - CSBA’s sample policies and administrative regula administrative and policies sample CSBA’s Note: Note: check Please revised. and reviewed regularly are tions most the have you ensure to Services Policy CSBA’s with the to Revisions 266-3382. (800) calling by version recent regulations administrative and policies above-referenced www.csba.org/ps/hf.htm. at posted be will ServicesusPolicy visit CSBA’s about more learn To www.CSBA.org/ps. at - - - STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE eals M Goals for the School DistrictSchool the for Goals Contracts Program Nutrition Service/Child Food Reduced-price and Free OtherFoodSales Wellness Student Education Physical Education Health Comprehensive
consideration. Drafts are produced and reviewed by CSBA policy staff. counsel. legal CSBA’s by reviewed are drafts Final their for districts client to distributed are Samples opinions, education research or best practices, and/or and/or practices, best or research education opinions, other and governance effective on philosophy CSBA’s topics. current are experts and gathered are materials Background consulted. CSBA’s Policy Review Committee identifies policies for for policies identifies Committee Review Policy CSBA’s legislation, new of result a as revision or development general attorney or judicial changes, regulatory ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ BP0200 included in this guide: this in included The following sample board policies and administrative administrative and policies board sample following The are nutrition and health student to relating regulations changes to the samples in order to reflect local circum local reflect to order in samples the to changes board the to policies draft the take finally, and, stances, adoption. and deliberation consideration, for BP3312 3550 BP/AR 3553 BP/AR 3554 BP/AR BP5030 6142.7 BP/AR 6142.8 BP/AR on the need for each sample policy provided, gather gather provided, policy sample each for need the on necessary any make necessary, if research additional CSBA’s materials are samples. Districts are encouraged to to encouraged are Districts samples. are materials CSBA’s circumstanc and needs own their fit to policies the tailor staff reflect district that recommends strongly CSBA es. following process: fornia relyPolicy on CSBA’s Services to meet their policy needs. CSBA develops sample policies using the IV. SampleIV. Board Policies More than 80 percent of the school districts in Cali 42 4. (cf. 6146.5 - Elementary/Middle School(cf. Graduation 6146.1 Requirements) - High School Graduation Requirements) (cf. 6011 - Academic Standards) 3. (cf. 6030 - Integrated Academic and Vocational Instruction) (cf. 6000 - Concepts and Roles) 2. (cf. 5144 - Discipline) (cf. 0450 - Comprehensive Safety Plan) 1. The district’s goals are to: (cf. 0400 - Comprehensive Plans) quate, regular progress toward the district’s long-term goals. interim objectives and comprehensive plans to ensure ade The Superintendent or designee may establish short-term, (cf. 9000 - Role of the Board) (cf. 6010 - Goals and Objectives) (cf. 0500 - Accountability) (cf. 0100 - Philosophy) (cf. 0000 - Vision) ably achievable establishedwithin timelines. goals. Goals shall be in numberlimited so as to be reason can be used to determine if the isdistrict meeting these as clear performance standards and benchmarks which achieving the district’s overall vision for its schools as well The Governing Board shall adopt long-term goals for GOALS FOR SCHOOL THE DISTRICT 0200BP Comprehensive Plans and Philosophy-Goals-Objectives CSBA Sample Board Policy below with their own locally developed goals. Note: Districts are encouraged to replace the list of goals STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT
students Provide for the needs specialized of identifiedgroups of in essential areas of and skill knowledge thatEnsure studentsall achieve academic proficiency and responding to individual student needs academic and career goals of students by identifying Provide appropriate instruction to meet the varied learning Maintain safe and orderly campuses which promote - - 6. (cf. 6145.2 - Athletic Competition) (cf. 6142.8 - Comprehensive Health Education) (cf. 6142.7 - Physical Education) (cf. 3554 - Other Food Sales) (cf. 3553 - Free and Reduced-price Meals) (cf. 3550 - Food Service/Child Nutrition Program) 5. (cf. 6175 - Migrant Education Program) (cf. 6174 - Education for English Language Learners) (cf. 6172 - Gifted and Talented Student Program) (cf. 6171 - Title I Programs) (cf. 6164.6 - Identification and Education under Section 504) (cf. 6164.4 - Identification of Individuals for Special Education) (cf. 6163.4 - Student Use of Technology) (cf. 6162.7 - Use of Technology in Instruction) (cf. 4040 - Employee Use of Technology) (cf. 0440 - District Technology Plan) 10. (cf. 2000 - Concepts and Roles) (cf. 0420.5 - School-Based Decision Making) 9. (cf. 3460 - Financial Reports and Accountability) (cf. 3400 - Management of District Assets/Accounts) (cf. 3100 - Budget) 8. (cf. 4331 - Staff Development) (cf. 4231 - Staff Development) (cf. 4131 - Staff Development) 7. (cf. 6141.6 - Multicultural Education) (cf. 5137 - Positive School Climate)
responsibility of personal sense and for diversity appreciation for others, respect Develop each student’s self-respect, enhance readiness for learning Promote student health and nutrition in order to teaching and noninstructional operations Employ technology in ways that enhance learning, better support the education of students structure andmaking capabilities of the to district Improve the organization, management and decision- Maintain integrityfiscal forthe district and professional development for staff all Provide time and resources for collaboration, planning 43
(10/95 2/98) 3/03 2/98) (10/95
51002 Local development of programs based on stated stated on based programs of development Local 51002 goals and philosophy goal of Definition 51020 objective of Definition 51021 2003 Guide, Resource Policy Food Healthy 1996 Vision, Leadership: Board School Maximizing http://www.csba.org CSBA: EDUCATION CODE EDUCATION PUBLICATIONS CSBA WEBSITES Legal Reference: Management Resources: UPDATE Reference ServicePolicy ©California Copyright by 2005 SchoolBoards Association, Sacramento, CaliforniaWest 95691 Allrights reserved. STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE achievement with clear performance standards and and standards performance clear with achievement consequences and emotional needs are met are needs emotional and student for accountability shared of system a Provide Collaborate with other public agencies and private private and agencies public other with Collaborate social physical, children’s that ensure to organizations Maintain positive relations with parents/guardians parents/guardians with relations positive Maintain and communication emphasizing community, the and schools the in participation inviting Provide and maintain facilities to meet the needs of of needs the meet to facilities maintain and Provide students future and present
(cf. 9400 - Board Self-Evaluation) Board - 9400 (cf. (cf. 4215 - Evaluation/Supervision) - 4215 (cf. Evaluation/Supervision) - 4315 (cf. Assessment) Student - 6162.5 (cf. (cf. 0510 - School Accountability Report Card) Report Accountability School - 0510 (cf. Superintendent) the of Evaluation - 2140 (cf. Evaluation/Supervision) - 4115 (cf. (cf. 0500 - Accountability) - 0500 (cf. 14. (cf. 1020 - Youth Services) Youth - 1020 (cf. and Agencies Governmental Other between Relations - 1400 (cf. Schools) the 13. (cf. 6020 - Parent Involvement) Parent - 6020 (cf. (cf. 1220 - Citizen Advisory Committees) Advisory Citizen - 1220 (cf. Assistance) Volunteer - 1240 (cf. Schools) the and Industry Private between Relations - 1700 (cf. 12. (cf. 7000 - Concepts and Roles) and Concepts - 7000 (cf. Plan) Master Facilities - 7110 (cf. 11. 44 Code 12990) collective orbargaining other agreement. (Government obligations to labor organizations with which they have a tors and subcontractors to give written notice of their nation clause shall contain a provision contracrequiring nation by contractors or subcontractors. The nondiscrimi contain a nondiscrimination clause prohibiting discrimi by the fordistrict public works or for goods or services shall When required by law, contracts and subcontracts made (cf. 9124 - Attorney) (cf. 4312.1 - Contracts) (cf. 2121- Superintendent’s Contract) designee. prepared under the direction of the Superintendent or shall conform to standards required by law and shall be contractsAll between the anddistrict outside agencies (cf. 3400 - Management of District Assets/Accounts) (cf. 3314 - Payment for Goods and Services) (cf. 3300 - Expenditures/Expending Authority) Code 17604) must be approved and/or ratified bythe Board. (Education an enforceable obligation against the contractsall district, Superintendent or designee. To be valid or to constitute Board may, by a majority vote, delegate powerthis to the power to enter into contracts on behalf of the thedistrict, Whenever state law invests the Governing Board with the CONTRACTS 3312BP Operations Noninstructional and Business CSBA Sample Board Policy compliance with law. district legal counsel review construction contracts to ensure tracts under certain circumstances. It is recommended that sections of law that must be included in construction con included in all construction contracts. There are also other or a summary of Public Contract Code 20104.50 must be Note: Pursuant to Public Contract Code 20104.50, the text delegation of authority. paragraph may be revised to specify any desired limits to this until it is approved and/or ratified by theBoard. The following contract. A contract made under this delegation is not valid tendent wherever the Board is invested with the power to to delegate authority to enter into contracts to the Superin Note: Education Code 17604 authorizes the Governing Board STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT - - - - - not enter into or renew a contract for the sale of foods that Effective July 1, 2007, the ordistrict a schooldistrict shall Contracts for Non-Nutritious Foods or Beverages the contracting party. (Education Code 35182.5) school employee from thedisparaging goods or services of The shalldistrict not enter into a contract that prohibits a (cf. 0410 - Nondiscrimination in District Programs and Activities) after after the end of the school day and/or off school premises. specifiesthat such occursaleswill laterthan one-half hour standards in Education Code 49431.5 unless the contract for the sale of beverages that do not meet the nutritional or a schooldistrict shall not enter into or renew a contract In accordance with the dates inspecified law,the district (cf. 3554 - Other Food Sales) tion Code 49431, 49431.2) end of the school day and/or off school premises. (Educa that such sales occur laterwill than one-half hour after the tion Code 49431 or 49431.2 unless the contract specifies do not meet the nutritional standards inspecifiedEduca 1, 2007, it should modify the following paragraph accordingly. If the Board wishes to implement the standards prior to July see AR 3550 - Food Service/Child Nutrition Program. middle, junior high, and high schools, effective July 1, 2007; Education Code 49431.2 to specify nutritional standards for foods that may be sold at elementary schools, and added tion Code 49431, which specifies nutritional standards for Note: SB 12 (Ch. 235, Statutes of 2005) amended Educa paragraph to specify the applicable date. high schools prior to July 1, 2007, it may modify the following Sales. If the Board wishes to implement the standards at school day or off school premises; see AR 3554 - Other Food if the sales occur later than hour one-half after the end of the able to sell beverages that do not meet these standards only middle schools, junior high schools, and high schools will be dards. Vending machines, student stores, and cafeterias in beverages sold beginning July 1, 2009, meet these stan percent of beverages sold beginning July 1, 2007, and all high schools, the standards will be phased in so that 50 and junior high schools are effective January 1, 2006. For all grade levels. Beverage standards for elementary, middle, (Ch. 237, Statutes of 2005), contains beverage standards for Note: Education Code 49431.5, as amended by SB 965 - - - - 45 the contract does not limit the ability of student and and student of ability limitthe not does contract the fund-raising operate and plan to organizations parent activities. guardians, students, staff, and interested community community interested and staff, students, guardians, the regarding recommendations make to members the how to as recommendations including contract, public benefits that manner a in spent will funds be education. shall Board the contract, the ratifying to Prior will that activities and programs specific the designate consider and contract the of proceeds the by funded be goals. and vision district’s the reflects contract the how report, contractor the specifythat shall contract The designee or Superintendent the to basis, quarterly a on withinthe sold beverages or items food of number the sales. the by raised money of amount the districtand these report shall designee or Superintendent The basis. regular a on Board the to amounts that ensure shall designee or Superintendent The The Superintendent or designee may involve parents/ involve may designee or Superintendent The
Note: Optional items #1-4 below are not required by law, law, by required not are below #1-4 items Optional Note: to consider to Board the for factors additional present but in education public benefit raised funds the that ensure help list following The 35182.5. Code Education with accordance practice. district reflect to modified be should (cf. 1230 - School-Connected Organizations) School-Connected - 1230 (cf. Students) by and from Funds of Solicitation - 1321 (cf. (cf. 1220 - Citizen Advisory Committees) Advisory Citizen - 1220 (cf. 2. Vision) - 0000 (cf. Philosophy) - 0100 (cf. District) School the for Goals - 0200 (cf. 3. 4. In addition, the contract may specify whether contractor contractor whether specify may contract the addition, In not but including districtfacilities, permittedareon logos logos such If equipment. other and scoreboards limitedto equipment the present shall contractor permitted,the are the by accepted be giftmay gift.The a as Board the to administrative and policy Board with accordance in Board regulation. Bequest) and Grants Gifts, - 3290 (cf. district benefit contract the by raised funds that ensure To students: and schools 1. - - - - - STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE Procedures to ensure that district personnel do not not do districtpersonnel that ensure to Procedures contract The site. school the at product or cash handle and machines the stock vendor the specifythat shall for check, a with along accounting, cash provide shall office. control the to directly districtproceeds of management. of Control procedures that produce accurate and reliable reliable and accurate produce that procedures Control safeguard time, same the at and, statements financial every of integrity and resources, financial assets, the property. or money handling for responsible employee and evaluated systematically be shall systems Control responsibilities changing the with pace keep to revised
by the district. the by “internal controls” as recommended by the California As California the by recommended as controls” “internal should and (CASBO), Officials Business School of sociation developed controls internal specific the reflect to modified be Note: Education Code 35182.5 does not define the term “in term the define not does 35182.5 Code Education Note: suggested on based are below #1-2 Items controls.” ternal however, these contracts may not be renewed if they conflict conflict they if renewed be not may contracts these however, 35182.5. Code Education with raised will benefit public education, and that the contracts contracts the that and education, public benefit will raised entered Contracts basis. competitive a on into entered are effect; in remain 2004, 1, January to prior districts by into non-nutritious food unless it has adopted a policy, at a public a at policy, a adopted has it unless food non-nutritious in controls internal has district the that ensuring hearing, funds the that funds, public of integrity the protect to place Note: Education Code 35182.5 mandates that the Board not not Board the that mandates 35182.5 Code Education Note: advertis or sales exclusive grants that contract a into enter or beverages, non-nutritious beverages, carbonated for ing 2. (cf. 3400 - Management of District Assets/Accounts) District of Management - 3400 (cf. Accountability) and Reports Financial - 3460 (cf. (cf. 3100 - Budget) - 3100 (cf. 1. internal control procedures to protect the integrity of of integrity the protect to procedures control internal not but include may controls internal Such funds. public following: the limitedto be The Superintendent or designee shall develop the district’s district’s the develop shall designee or Superintendent The in place to protect the integrity of public funds and to and funds public of integrity the protect to place in benefit contract the of result a as raised funds that ensure 35182.5) Code (Education education. public ages, or non-nutritious food as defined in law, the Board the law, in defined as food non-nutritious or ages, controls internal sufficient districthas the that ensure shall Before the district or a district school enters into or renews renews or into enters districtschool a districtor the Before advertis nonexclusive or exclusive grants that contract a bever non-nutritious beverages, carbonated of sale or ing 46 programs. (Education 35182.5) ers to student participation in school breakfast and lunch additives in the food and beverages and barri discussed; grown and organic produce; the amount of fat, sugar, and and in grains school meals and snacks, including locally the within the district; availability of fresh fruit, vegetables, cussion of the nutritional value of food and beverages sold The public hearing shall include but not be tolimited a dis (cf. 9323 - Meeting Conduct) (cf. 9322 - Agendas/Meeting Materials) cation Code 35182.5) agenda the contract to be atdiscussed the meeting. (Edu manner recognizable to the general public, identify in the Education Code 35182.5. The Board shall clearly, and in a scheduled board meeting or as otherwise authorized by the contract at a public hearing held during a regularly of the public have had an opportunity to comment on tious food until parents/guardians, students, and members bonated beverages, non-nutritious beverages, or non-nutri grants exclusive or nonexclusive advertising or sale of car The Board shall not enter into or renew a contract that (cf. 3311 - Bids) 35182.5) the issuance of a Request for Proposal. (Education Code basis pursuant to Public Contract Code 20111 or through The contract shall be entered into on a competitive bid be revised to reflect districtpractice. and through vending machines. The following paragraph may sold as full meals, as fundraisers, through competitive sales, and beverages on campuses, including food and beverages discuss existing and potential contracts for the sale of food and beverages, or (2) an annual public hearing to review and 49433 that has contract review authority for the sale of food Advisory Committee established pursuant to Education Code a public hearing by a Child Nutrition and Physical Activity following paragraph by either (1) a review of the contract at satisfy the public hearing requirement described in the Note: Pursuant to Education Code 35182.5, the Board may contracts, see AR 3311 - Bids. specified in law. For adetailed procedure for the bidding of vertisements for contracts for services exceeding an amount 20111 requires districts to seek competitive bids through ad issuance of a Request for Proposal. Public Contract Code basis pursuant to Public Contract Code 20111 or through the ensure that the contract is entered into on a competitive Note: Education Code 35182.5 mandates that Board policy STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT ------products or services that requires the dissemination of The Board shall not enter into a contract for electronic Contracts for Electronic Products or Services (cf. 1340 - Access to District Records) contract public. (Education Code 35182.5) ordistrict a schooldistrict from anymaking ofpart the include a confidentiality clausethat would preventthe The contract shall be accessible to the public and may not (cf. 5030 - Student Wellness) 5. 4. (cf. 1325 - Advertising and Promotion) 3. (cf. 6162.7 - Use of Technology in Instruction) (cf. 0440 - District Technology Plan) 2. (cf. 9320 - Meetings and Notices) 1. 35182.5) advertising to students, unless the Board: (Education Code added by the district. should be modified to reflect anyadditional requirements unless the following conditions are satisfied. This section vices that require dissemination of advertising to students, from entering into contracts for electronic products or ser Note: Education Code 35182.5 prohibits districts or schools
parents/guardians at any time. or longer if specified, but may bewithdrawn bythe honored for the school year in which it is submitted, that contains the advertising. Any request shall be thatwriting their child not be exposed to the program Offers parents/guardians the opportunity to request in classroom or other center.learning written notice that the advertising be will used in the communication to parents/guardians, provides As ofpart the district’s normal, ongoing students. contracts to permit dissemination of advertising to provide the electronic product or service unless it Makes a thatfinding the district cannotafford to of students. is or would be an integral component of the education Makes a thatfinding the electronic product or service the Board. Enters into the contract at a noticed, public hearing of - 47 - -
STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE (11/99 11/03) 11/05 11/03) (11/99
California Association of School Business Officials: http:// Officials: Business School of Association California www.casbo.org Student Wellness: A Healthy Food and Physical Activity Activity Physical and Food Healthy A Wellness: Student 2005 rev. Guide, Resource Policy http://www.csba.org CSBA: tion; award to lowest responsible bidder responsible lowest to award tion; Payments Progress Construction 20104.50 retentions Performance 22300 discrimination IX, Title 1681-1688 4100-4114 Subletting and subcontracting fair practices fair subcontracting and Subletting 4100-4114 hazardous of discovery excavations; for Contracts 7104 waste affidavit Noncollusion 7106 construc for contracts $50,000; over Contracts 20111 53260 Contract provision re maximum cash settlement cash maximum re provision Contract 53260 of administrative with contracts of Ratification 53262 ficers violations for Penalties 1775 hours Working 1810-1813 685.010 Rate of interest of Rate 685.010 employment compliance and Nondiscrimination 12990 programs 14505 Provisions required in contracts for audits for contracts in required Provisions 14505 Contracts 17595-17606 prohibitions Contract 35182.5 service consulting management for Contracts 45103.5 service food to related standards Nutritional 49431-49431.5 200-262.4 Prohibition of discrimination on the basis of of basis the on discrimination of Prohibition 200-262.4 sex WEBSITES CSBA PUBLICATIONS CSBA UNITEDTITLECODE, STATES 20 PUBLICCONTRACT CODE LABORCODE GOVERNMENTCODE CODE OF CIVIL OF PROCEDURECODE EDUCATION CODE EDUCATION West Sacramento, CaliforniaWest 95691 Allrights reserved. Policy Reference UPDATE Reference ServicePolicy ©California Copyright by 2005 SchoolBoards Association,
Management Resources: Legal Reference: 48 (cf. 6142.8 - Comprehensive Health Education) (cf. 5141.32 - Health Screening for School Entry) (cf. 5030 - Student Wellness) (cf. 3554 - Other Food Sales) (cf. 3553 - Free and Reduced Price Meals) (cf. 3551 - Food Service Operations/Cafeteria Fund) (cf. 3312 - Contracts) 5. 4. 3. 2. 1. the district’s food service program shall: goodtain health. Foods and beverages available through equate, nourishing food in order to grow, learn, and main The Governing Board thatrecognizes students need ad PROGRAM NUTRITION FOOD SERVICE/CHILD 3550BP Operations Noninstructional and Business CSBA Sample Board Policy ness for language fulfilling this mandate. of the school year after July 2006; see BP 5030 - Student Wellto adopt a districtwide student wellness policy by the beginning(42 USC 1771-1791), including the SchoolProgram Breakfast (42 Program, USC 1751-1769) or the Childmandates Nutrition any Actdistrict of 1966 participating in the National School LunchChildren (WIC) Reauthorization Act of 2004 (42 USC 1751Note: The Note) Federal Child Nutrition and Women, Infants and 3554 - Other Food Sales. through vending machines, or at student stores), see BP/AR service program (e.g., by student and adult organizations, district practice. For food sales outside the district’s food Note: The following policy may be revised as desired to reflect STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT
Be sold at reasonable prices Be served in age-appropriate portions eating habits retain nutritive quality, and foster lifelong healthful Be prepared in ways that appeal will to students, and administrative regulation Meet or exceed nutritional standards inspecified law nutritional well-being and the prevention of disease Be carefully selected so as to contribute to students’ - - - sanitation and safety requirements of the California Uni food preparation. School cafeterias shall comply with the the adequacy of school facilities for cafeteria eating and The Superintendent or designee shall periodically review participation in school meal programs. transportation schedules shall be designed to encourage and space to eat meals. To the extent possible, school and The Board desires to provide students with adequate time tional quality for school menus. parents/guardians in the selection of foods of good nutri designed to encourage the participation of students and The Superintendent or designee shall develop strategies and federal nutrition standards for foods and beverages. the Board regarding the district’s compliance with state The Superintendent or designee shall annually report to (cf. 4231 - Staff Development) include nutrition education and safe food handling. Professional development for food service personnel shall (cf. 7110 - Facilities Master Plan) (cf. 3517- Facilities Inspection) (cf. 1312.4 - Williams Uniform Complaint Procedures) Safety Code 113700-114455. form Retail Food Facilities Law as set forth in Health and and should be revised to reflect districtpractice. program. The following optional paragraph reflects this intent activities to involve students and parents/guardians in the National School Lunch Program are encouraged to promote Note: Pursuant to 7 CFR 210.12, districts participating in the nutrition standards. that the Board annually review the district’s compliance with amended and added by SB 12 (Ch. 235, Statutes of 2005), intent expressed in Education Code 49431 and 49431.2, as Note: The following optional paragraph reflects legislative - - 49 -
(3/03 11/03) 11/05 11/03) (3/03
California Department of Education, Nutrition Services Division: http://www.csba.org Division: CSBA: Services Nutrition Education, of Department California http://www.cde.ca.gov/ls/nu http://www.california Center: Resource Kids Healthy California and healthykids.org Activity Encouraging (Leaders LEAN Project California http://www.CaliforniaProjectLEAN.org Nutrition): http://www.cdc.gov Prevention: and Control Disease for Centers http://www.dairycouncilofca.org California: of Council http://www. Dairy Education: of Boards State of Association National nasbe.org http://www.nsba.org Association: Boards School National http://www.schoolnutrition.org Association: Center Nutrition Information School Nutrition and Food Agriculture, of Dept. U.S. http://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic (FNIC): WEBSITES Policy Reference UPDATE Reference ServicePolicy ©California Copyright by 2005 SchoolBoards Association, Sacramento, CaliforniaWest 95691 Allrights reserved.
STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE Fit, Healthy and Ready to Learn, 2000 Learn, to Ready and Healthy Fit, 2005 Americans, for the Guidelines Changing Dietary Services, Nutrition and Food to Guide A Nutrition, Team Environment: Nutrition School the Improving Scene, 2000 Action, Local School Health Index for Physical Activity and Healthy Eating: A Eating: Healthy and Activity Physical for Index Middle/ Health and School Elementary for Guide Planning and Self-Assessment 2004 Schools, High The New Nutrition Standards: Implications for Student Wellness Wellness Student for Implications Standards: Nutrition New The 2005 November Policies, Policy Activity Physical and Food Healthy A Wellness: Student 2005 rev. Guide, Resource 210.1-210.31 National School Lunch Program Program Lunch School National Program 210.1-210.31 Breakfast School National 220.1-220.21 15550-15565 School lunch and breakfast programs breakfast and lunch School 15550-15565 including: programs, lunch School 1751-1769h policy wellness Local Note 1751 especially: nutrition, Child 1771-1791 program breakfast School 1773 49570 National School Lunch Act Lunch School National 49570 Law Facilities Food Retail Uniform California 113700-114455 students needy for meals Mandatory 15510 education Nutrition 15530-15535 49530-49536 Child Nutrition Act Act Nutrition Child 49530-49536 program food care Child services 49540-49546 nutrition Comprehensive 49547-49548.3 students needy for Meals program pilot 49550-49560 Start Fresh California 49565-49565.8 49430-49436 Pupil Nutrition, Health, and Achievement Act Act Achievement restrictions and Health, Nutrition, Pupil 49430-49436 2001 programs of lunch and breakfast School 49490-49493 meals School 49500-49505 Nutrition 49510-49520 38080-38103 Cafeteria, establishment and use and establishment Cafeteria, services; 38080-38103 consulting management for Contracts 45103.5 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE PUBLICATIONS OF DEPARTMENT U.S. EDUCATION PUBLICATIONS EDUCATION NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF STATE BOARDS OF OF BOARDS STATE ASSOCIATIONOF NATIONAL CENTERSDISEASEPUBLICATIONS CONTROL FOR CSBA POLICYBRIEFSCSBA U.S. CODE OF FEDERAL OF CODE REGULATIONS, U.S. TITLE 7 UNITEDTITLECODE, STATES 42 CODE OF REGULATIONS, TITLE OF CODE 5 HEALTHAND SAFETY CODE EDUCATION CODE EDUCATION CSBA PUBLICATIONS CSBA Management Resources: Legal Reference: 50 in Education Code 38085. (Education Code 38085) regular school hours shall be from the nutritious foods listed cent of the food sold by the district on school grounds during federally reimbursable meal programs, a minimum of 50 per Until July 1, 2007, for foods not reimbursed through the (cf. 3533 - Free and Reduced Price Meals) (42 USC 1758, 1773) age or grade group, required by 7 CFR 210.10 and 220.8. as well as the nutrient and calorie levels for students of each 1769h and 1771-1791 shall meet the nutritionalor School standards, Breakfast Program pursuant to 42 USC 1751- Schools participating in the National School Lunch Program Nutritional Standards for Foods PROGRAM NUTRITION FOOD SERVICE/CHILD 3550AR Operations Noninstructional and Business Administrative Regulation CSBA Sample meal programs in the following paragraph. Program, may delete the reference to federally reimbursable 1966 (42 USC 1771-1791), including the School Breakfast Program (42 USC 1751-1769) or the Child Nutrition Act of Districts that do not participate in the National School Lunch the following section to reflect districtpractice. 49431.2 prior to July 1, 2007; such districts should modify choose to adopt the standards in Education Code 49431 and 235, Statutes of 2005). At their discretion, districts may 49431 and 49431.2, as amended and added by SB 12 (Ch. replaced by the nutritional standards in Education Code are applicable until July 1, 2007, at which time they will be nutritional standards contained in Education Code 38085 Note: The following paragraph is for use by all districts. The pate in the federal meal program(s). to apply at all district schools, even those that do not partici such districts may choose to revise the following paragraph Program pursuant to 42 USC 1757 and 1773. If desired, participate in the National School Lunch or School Breakfast Note: The following paragraph is for use by districts that or at student stores), see BP/AR 3554 - Other Food Sales. student and adult organizations, through vending machines, sales outside the district’s food service program (e.g., by sales through the district’s food service program. For food Note: The following administrative regulation applies to food STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT
- - 1. 49431) sold if it meets ofall the following criteria: (Education Code individually sold or dairy whole foodgrain item may be vegetables that have not been deep fried, and legumes. An ters, seeds, eggs, cheese packaged for individual sale, fruit, mealsfull and individually sold portions of nuts, nut but student at an elementary school during the school day are JulyBeginning 1, 2007, the only foods that may be sold to a (cf. 5030 - Student Wellness) (cf. 3554 - Other Food Sales) 1. 49430, 49431.2) shall meet the following standards: (Education Code served as ofpart a federally reimbursable meal program, schools, junior high schools, and high schools, except foods JulyBeginning 1, 2007, foods sold to students in middle 4. 3. 2. requirements of Education Code 38085. 1, 2007. On that date, these standards will supersede the standards for foods sold at elementary schools, effective July by SB 12 (Ch. 235, Statutes of 2005), establishes nutritional elementary schools. Education Code 49431, as amended Note: Items #1-4 below are for use by districts maintaining of Education Code 38085 effective July 1, 2007. establishes standards which will supersede the requirements 49431.2, as added by SB 12 (Ch. 235, Statutes of 2005), to reflect the type(s) ofschools maintained. Education Code middle, junior high, or high schools and should be revised Note: Items #1-2 below are for use by districts maintaining
Not more than 35 percent of its total calories is from c. b. a. Each entree item shall: Its total calories do not exceed 175 calories. added sugar. composed of sugar, including naturally and occurring Not more than 35 percent of its total weight is saturated fat. Not more than 10 percent of its total calories is from fat.
School Lunch or School Breakfast program Be categorized as an entree item in the National calories Contain no more than four grams of fat per 100 Not exceed 400 calories - 51
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than 42 grams of added sweetener per 20-ounce serving 20-ounce per sweetener added of grams 42 than Fruit-based drinks that are composed of no less than less no of composed aredrinks Fruit-based that sweetener added no have and juice fruit percent 50 less no of composed aredrinks that Vegetable-based added no have and juice vegetable percent 50 than sweetener sweetener added no Drinkingwith water soy nonfat; or fat, 2-percent fat, 1-percent is Milkthat milk similar nondairy other milk,milk, or rice more no contain that beverages replacement Electrolyte
Note: As amended by SB 965 (Ch. 237, Statutes of 2005), 2005), of Statutes 237, (Ch. 965 SB by amended As Note: that beverages of types the restricts 49431.5 Code Education phased are requirements These schools. high at sold be may district the If 2009. 1, July through 2007 1, July beginning in it dates, these to prior standards these implement to chooses accordingly. paragraph following the modify should Note: Items #1-5 below are for use by districts that maintain maintain that districts by use for are below #1-5 Items Note: schools. high junior or schools middle Policy Reference UPDATE Reference ServicePolicy ©California Copyright by 2005 SchoolBoards Association, Sacramento, CaliforniaWest 95691 Allrights reserved.. Beginning July 1, 2007, at least 50 percent of the beverages beverages the of percent 50 least at 2007, 1, BeginningJuly the before hour one-half from students school high to sold of end the after hour one-half until day school the startof above. #1-5 items specified in those be shall day school the high to sold beverages the allof 2009, 1, BeginningJuly the startof the before hour one-half from students school school the of end the after hour one-half until day school above. #1-5 items specified in standards the meet shall day 49431.5) Code (Education The only beverages that may be sold to middle school or or school middle to sold be may that beverages only The the before hour one-half from students school high junior of end the after hour one-half until day school the startof 49431.5) Code are:(Education day school the 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. - - STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE shall be composed of sugar, including naturally naturally including sugar, of composed be shall or fruits excluding sugar, added occurring and fried. deep been not have that vegetables calories. 250 exceed not shall calories total Its Not more than 35 percent of its total calories calories total its of percent 35 than more Not or fried, deep been not have that vegetables fruits, legumes. shall calories total its of percent 10 than more Not cheese or eggs excluding fat, saturated from be sale. individual for packaged weight total its of percent 35 than more Not shall be from fat, excluding nuts, nut butters, butters, nut nuts, excluding fat, from be shall sale, individual for packaged cheese eggs, seeds,
milk, rice milk, or other similar nondairy milk similar nondairy other milk,milk, or rice than 50 percent vegetable juice and have no added added no have and juice vegetable percent 50 than sweetener sweetener added no Drinkingwith water soy nonfat; or fat, 2-percent fat, 1-percent is Milkthat Fruit-based drinks that are composed of no less than less no of composed aredrinks Fruit-based that sweetener added no have and juice fruit percent 50 less no of composed aredrinks that Vegetable-based d. For each snack item that supplements a meal: a supplements that item snack each For a. b. c.
Items #1-4 below are for use by districts maintaining elemen maintaining districts by use for are below #1-4 Items schools. tary 237, Statutes of 2005), establishes nutritional standards for for standards nutritional establishes 2005), of Statutes 237, levels. grade all for beverages Note: Education Code 49431.5, as amended by SB 965 (Ch. (Ch. 965 SB by amended as 49431.5, Code Education Note: schools to provide K-12 students with fruits and vegetables vegetables and fruits with students K-12 provide to schools fried. deep been not have that not participate in the program. The program promotes the the promotes program The program. the in participate not school-age by vegetables and fruits nutritious of consumption encourage to funds reimbursement provides and children 49565-49565.8, added by SB 281 (Ch. 236, Statutes of of Statutes 236, (Ch. 281 SB 49565-49565.8,by added do that districts by adapted or used but also may but 2005), Note: The following optional paragraph reflects the purposes purposes the reflects paragraph optional following The Note: Code Education Program, Pilot Start Fresh California the of 3. 4. 1. 2. The only beverages that may be sold to elementary stu elementary to sold be may that beverages only The Code are:(Education day, of time the of regardless dents, 49431.5) Nutritional Standards for Beverages for Standards Nutritional The district’s food service program shall give priority to to priority give shall program service food district’s The fruits fresh and ingredients and foods serving unprocessed fried. deep been not have that vegetables and 2. 52 as provided by law. (Education Code 49558) or reduced price meal program shall be confidential except applicationsAll and records related to eligibility for the free (Education Code 49557) to the California Department of Education for approval. Upon approval of the Board, planthis shall be submitted (cf. 5145.3 - Nondiscrimination/Harassment) (cf. 0410 - Nondiscrimination in District Programs and Activities) peers. differently from other students or easily identified bytheir receive free or reduced price meals andare not milk treated Board approval a plan that ensures that students eligible to The Superintendent or designee shall recommend for criteria. meals for students whose meetfamilies federal eligibility provide nutritionally adequate free and reduced price their children. In accordance with law, the shall district mayfamilies be unable to provide breakfast and lunch for essential to child development and andlearning that some The Governing Board thatrecognizes adequate nutrition is MEALS REDUCED-PRICE AND FREE 3553BP Operations Noninstructional and Business CSBA Sample Board Policy Programs pursuant to 42 USC 1757 and 1773. imbursement via the National School Lunch or School Breakfast ment pursuant to Education Code 49490-49494 and federal re reduced price meals. The district may seek state reimburse day to students who meet federal eligibility criteria forvide free at andleast one nutritionally adequate meal during each schoolNote: Education Code 49550-49560 require the district to pro STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT - - - (cf. 6190 - Evaluation of the Instructional Program) (cf. 6171 - Title I Programs) (cf. 6162.51 - Standardized Testing and Reporting Program) (cf. 5125 - Student Records) (cf. 0520.2 -Title I Program Improvement Schools) 2. 1. the purpose of: (Education Code 49558) eligibility for any free and reduced price meal program for employees to use individual torecords student pertaining In accordance with law, the Board authorizes designated ing a student’s participation in the program (e.g., household student may be shared for this purpose. Information regard Schools. Only the name and meal eligibility status of a services. See BP/AR 0520.2 - Title I Program Improvement eligible for school choice and supplemental educational Left Behind Act), to use this information to identify students program improvement, pursuant to 20 USC 6316 (No Child Education Code 49558 also allows districts with schools in As amended by AB 1636 (Ch. 321, Statutes of 2004), or the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP). including elements of the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB), this purpose only when it is in connection with either Title I, free and reduced price meal records may be shared for ment data. However, in accordance with federal guidelines, gram for the purpose of disaggregation of academic achieve students participating in the free and reduced price meal pro district employees to use the name and eligibility status of Note: Education Code 49558 authorizes Boards to allow Cal program under the conditions described below. to the local agency that determines eligibility under the Medi- release information on the School Lunch Program application Note: Pursuant to Education Code 49558, districts may lation for additional language implementing this mandate. employee access. See the accompanying administrative regu for these purposes are mandated to adopt a policy authorizing Districts wishing to use free and reduced price meal records is confidential. size and income, the record of meals served to that student)
identified for programimprovement and supplemental educational services in any school Identification of students eligible for school choice Disaggregation of academic achievement data - - - - 53 - -
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CSBA: http://www.csba.org CSBA: Division: Nutrition Education, of Department California http://www.cde.ca.gov/ls/nu http://www. Center: Resource Kids Healthy California californiahealthykids.org http://www.CaliforniaPro LEAN: Project California jectLEAN.org Ser Nutrition and Food Agriculture, of Department U.S. http://www.fns.usda.gov/cnd vice: WEBSITES Policy Reference UPDATE Reference ServicePolicy ©California Copyright by 2005 SchoolBoards Association, Sacramento, CaliforniaWest 95691 Allrights reserved. - STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE the Scene, Improving the School Nutrition Environment: A Environment: Nutrition School the Improving Scene, the 2000 Action, Local to Guide 0325.98 Education Code Section 49558 LO:1-98 49558 Section Code Education 0325.98 2003 Guide, Resource Policy Food Healthy Changing Services, Nutrition and Food Nutrition, Team 1771-1791 Child nutrition Child 1771-1791 and free for eligibility of Determination 245.1-245.13 meals price reduced 1232g Federal Educational Rights and Privacy Act Privacy and Rights Educational Federal 1232g programs I Title 6301-6514 programs lunch National 1751-1769 49547-49548.3 Comprehensive nutrition service nutrition Comprehensive 49547-49548.3 students needy for Meals 49550-49560 students needy for meals Mandatory 15510 education Nutrition 15530-15535 programs breakfast and lunch School 15550-15565 48980 Notice at beginning of term of beginning at Notice 48980 programs lunch and breakfast School 49490-49494 meals School 49500-49505 Nutrition 49510-49520 1974 of Act Nutrition Child 49530-49536 CSBA PUBLICATIONS CSBA PUBLICATIONS USDA CDE LEGAL CDE ADVISORIES CODE OF FEDERAL OF CODE REGULATIONS, TITLE 7 UNITEDTITLECODE, STATES 42 UNITEDTITLECODE, STATES 20 CODE OF REGULATIONS, TITLE OF CODE 5 EDUCATION CODE EDUCATION Management Resources: Legal Reference: (cf. 5141.6 - Student Health and Social Services) Social and Health Student - 5141.6 (cf. that the student is approved for free meals and the par the and meals free for approved is student the that as information of sharing the to consents ent/guardian 49557.2. Code Education by provided The Board further authorizes the release of information on on information of release the authorizes further Board The agency local the to application program lunch school the provided eligibility, program Medi-Cal determines that 54 (Education Code 49557; 7 CFR 245.5) school day and shall contain the following statements: be available to students at times all during the regular Applications for free or reduced-price meal programs shall (cf. 5145.6 - Parental Notifications) 49520, 48980; 7 CFR 245.5) whenever a new student is enrolled. (Education Code dures. This form and information shall also be provided ity standards, application procedures, and appeal proce each school year, together with information about eligibil be distributed to parents/guardiansall at the of beginning An application form for free or reduced-price meals shall Applications (cf. 5145.3 - Nondiscrimination/Harassment) (cf. 0410 - Nondiscrimination in District Programs and Activities) (Education Code 49557; 7 CFR 245.8) as is milk available to those students who pay the price.full offered, the students shall have the same choice of meals or When more than one lunch, breakfast, or of is type milk 4. 3. 2. 1. meals shall ensure the following: (Education Code 49557)The district’s plan for students receiving free or reduced-price MEALS REDUCED-PRICE AND FREE 3553AR Operations Noninstructional and Business Administrative Regulation CSBA Sample STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT
consume their meals orat milk a different time. area, dining go through a separate entrance, or The students shall not be required to use a separate meals or for milk. The students shall not be required to work for their any other means. students by the use of special tokens or tickets or by There shall be no overt identification ofany ofthe by law. School Breakfast Programs, unless otherwise provided purpose other than the National School Lunch and posted, or announced in any manner, or used for any The names of the students shall not be published,
- - 2. 1. The application packet also shall contain: 2. 1. (cf. 5141.6 - Student Health and Social Services) 6. 5. 4. 3. tion packet or notification of eligibility. following information into the School Lunch Program applica authorizes, but does not require, districts to incorporate the or revised to reflect districtpractice. EducationCode 49557.2 Note: Items #1-6 below are optional and should be deleted
A request for the applicant’s consent for the student, or reduced-cost health insurance coverage reduced-price meals, then he/she may qualify for free A notificationthat, if a student qualifies for free or areas, ordining by any other means. speciallines, serving separate entrances, separate identified bythe use of special tokens, specialtickets, and School Breakfast notPrograms will be overtly Students participating in the National School Lunch submitted at any time during a school day. Applications for free or reduced-price meals may be confidentiality requirements rights and responsibilities, and privacy and including available services, program requirements, Information regarding the Medi-Cal program, verify information provided by the applicant Social Security Administration, except as necessary to the federal Department of Homeland Security and the shared with other government agencies, including theadminister Medi-Cal program andnot will be be used only by the state and local agencies that A notificationthat the applicationinformation will other than the administration of the Medi-Cal program with any other governmental agency for any purpose use in health program enrollment, will not be shared with the exception of forwarding the information for A notification that the application is confidential and, eligibility without the parent/guardian’s consent application to the agency that determines Medi-Cal A notificationthat the will district not forwardthe that determines eligibility under the Medi-Cal program school lunch application shared with the local agency Medi-Cal program and to have the information on the if eligible for free school lunches, to participate in the - 55 - -
(6/98 3/03) 11/04 3/03) (6/98 Information collected regarding individual students students individual regarding collected Information reduced-price or free the in participate certified to longer no when destroyed be shall program meal purpose. intended its for needed
Note: AB 1636 (Ch. 321, Statutes of 2004) amended Educa amended 2004) of Statutes 321, (Ch. 1636 AB Note: confiden additional following the require to 49558 Code tion provision. tiality 4. UPDATE Reference ServicePolicy ©California Copyright by 2005 SchoolBoards Association, Sacramento, CaliforniaWest 95691 Allrights reserved. - - - STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE All other confidentiality provisions required by law law by required provisions confidentiality Allother met. be shall Information regarding individual student student individual regarding Information meal reduced-price or free the in participation released. publicly be not shall program No individual indicators of participation in the free or or free the in participation of indicators individual No in maintained be shall program meal reduced-price otherwise not if student any of records permanent the law. by allowed
the designated employee(s) in the space provided below, such such below, provided space the in employee(s) designated the Coordinator. I Title or Coordinator Site Test as ment of Education recommends that the Board designate by by designate Board the that recommends Education of ment for records use to authorized employee(s) the title job or name of title specific the identify should Districts purposes. these 0520.2 - Title I Program Improvement Schools. Schools. Improvement Program I Title - 0520.2 Depart California the (0325.98), 1-98 LO: Advisory Legal In educational services, as required for districts with schools in in schools with districts for required as services, educational Child No the 6316, USC 20 to pursuant improvement program BP/AR and policy Board accompanying the See Act. Behind Left disaggregation of academic achievement data and, as amended amended as and, data achievement academic of identification disaggregation the for 2004), of Statutes 321, (Ch. 1636 AB by supplemental and choice school public for eligible students of adopted a policy, pursuant to Education Code 49558, allowing allowing 49558, Code Education to pursuant policy, a adopted eligible students of records individual use to employees district of purpose the for program meal reduced-price and free the for Note: The following section is for use by districts that have have that districts by use for is section following The Note: 3. (cf. 4119.23/4219.23/4319.23 - Unauthorized Release of of Release Unauthorized - 4119.23/4219.23/4319.23 (cf. Information) Confidential/Privileged 2. (cf. 5125 - Student Records) Student - 5125 (cf. 1. tions shall be satisfied: (Education Code 49558) Code (Education satisfied: be shall tions (title or position) or (title condi following the purposes, such for records the using In improvement school eligible for school choice and supple and choice school for eligible school improvement 6316: USC 20 to pursuant services educational mental the purpose of disaggregation of academic achievement achievement academic of disaggregation of purpose the program any in students of identification the for or data The Governing Board designates the following district following the designates Board Governing The pertaining student records to individual use to employee for program meal reduced-price or free the in participation Confidentiality/Release of Records of Confidentiality/Release 56 (cf. 5030 - Student Wellness) service program. shall not reduce student participation in the district’s food in law, Board policy, and administrative regulations and service program shall meet nutritional standards specified obesity. Any food sales conducted outside the district’s food day should promote student health and reduce childhood sold to students on school campuses during the school The Governing Board believes that foods and beverages FOOD OTHER SALES 3554BP Operations Noninstructional and Business CSBA Sample Board Policy satisfied; see theaccompanying administrative regulation. of items sold, and the preparation of the food must also be ing the nutritional quality of foods and beverages, the number provided in the following paragraph. Other conditions regard delegate this authority to the Superintendent or designee as sale of food items by student organizations. The Board may 5 CCR 15500 and 15501 require the Board to approve the - Food Service/Child Nutrition Program. sales by food service or cafeteria programs, see BP/AR 3550 fulfilling the student wellness mandate.. For policy addressing wellness policy. See BP 5030 - Student Wellness for language ning of the school year after July 2006, a districtwide student including the School Breakfast program, adopt, by the begin 1769) or the Child Nutrition Act of 1966 (42 USC 1771-1791),pating in the National School Lunch program (42 USC 1751- 2004 (42 USC 1751 Note) mandates that each district partici Women, Infants and Children (WIC) Reauthorization Act of lunch programs. In addition, the Federal Child Nutrition and control the sale of food in competition with the breakfast or Programs are mandated to establish rules or regulations to participating in the National School Lunch or School Breakfast organizations. Pursuant to 7 CFR 210.11 and 220.12, districts as food sales on school premises by student and/or adult ing the use of vending machines and student stores as well outside of the district’s food service/cafeteria program, includ Note: The following policy addresses food and beverage sales STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT - - - - (cf. 1321 - Solicitations of Funds from and by Students) (cf. 1230 - School-Connected Organizations) accordance with Board policy. (Education Code 51520) and charitable, and the solicitation has been approved in organization, the purpose of the solicitation is nonpartisan nization is legally organized as a nonpartisan, charitable one hour before and after school hours, unless the orga Food sales are prohibited during school hours, and within (cf. 3553 - Free and Reduced Price Meals) (cf. 3551 - Food Service Operations/Cafeteria Fund) (cf. 3550 - Food Service/Child Nutrition Program) purposes. sales at secondary school student stores for fundraising organizations, sales through vending machines, and/or food service program, including sales by student or adult prove the sale of foods and beverages outside the district’s The Board authorizes the Superintendent or designee to ap (cf. 3312 - Contracts) school facilities. may be placed at school sites, offices,district or other ignee shall determine how and where vending machines student or adult organization, the Superintendent or des When vending machines are sponsored by the ordistrict a - - - 57 -
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CSBA: http://www.csba.org http://www. CSBA: Officials: Business School of Association California Division: casbo.org Services Nutrition Education, of Department California http://www.cde.ca.gov/ls/nu http://www.califor Center: Resource Kids Healthy California and niahealthykids.org Activity Encouraging (Leaders LEAN Project California http://www.CaliforniaProjectLEAN.org Nutrition): http://www.dairycouncilofca.org California: of Council Dairy http://www. Team: Assistance Management and Crisis Fiscal (NASBE): fcmat.org Education of Boards State of Association National http://www.nasbe.org http://www.nsba.org Association: Boards Center School Information National Nutrition and Food Agriculture, of Dept. U.S. http://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic (FNIC): WEBSITES UPDATE Reference ServicePolicy ©California Copyright by 2005 SchoolBoards Association, Sacramento, CaliforniaWest 95691 Allrights reserved. - - STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE Fit, Healthy and Ready to Learn, 2000 Learn, to Ready and Healthy Fit, the Changing Services, Nutrition and Food to Guide A Nutrition, Team Environment: Nutrition School the Improving Scene, 2000 Action, Local High Schools, 2000 Schools, High Refer Desk and Manual Accounting Body Student Associated 2002 ence, Student Wellness: A Healthy Food and Physical Activity Policy Policy Activity Physical and Food Healthy A Wellness: Student 2005 rev. Guide, Resource A Eating: Healthy and Activity Physical for Index Middle/ Health and School Elementary for Guide Planning and Self-Assessment The New Nutrition Standards: Implications for Student Wellness Wellness Student for Implications Standards: Nutrition New The 2005 November Policies, 1751-1769h National School Lunch Act, including: Act, Lunch School National 1751-1769h policy wellness Local Note 1751 nutrition Child 1771-1791 Program Lunch School National Program 210.1-210.31 Breakfast School National 220.1-220.21 113700-114455 California Uniform Retail Food Facilities Law, Law, Facilities Food Retail Uniform California 113700-114455 including: machines Vending 114200-114245 49430-49436 Pupil Nutrition, Health, and Achievement Act Act Achievement and Health, Nutrition, Pupil 49430-49436 2001 of solicitations prohibited premises; School 51520 schools elementary in sales Food schools 15500 high junior and schools high in Sales 15501 38085 Sale of specified food items food specified of Sale 38085 food of sale and Authorization 48931 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE PUBLICATIONS OF DEPARTMENT U.S. NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF STATE BOARDS OF EDU OF BOARDS STATE ASSOCIATIONOF NATIONAL PUBLICATIONS CATION TEAMPUBLICATIONS FISCALCRISIS AND MANAGEMENT ASSISTANCE CENTERSDISEASEPUBLICATIONS CONTROL FOR CSBA PUBLICATIONS CSBA CSBA POLICYBRIEFSCSBA CODE OF FEDERAL OF CODE REGULATIONS, TITLE 7 UNITEDTITLECODE, STATES 42 HEALTHAND SAFETY CODE CODE OF REGULATIONS, TITLE OF CODE 5 EDUCATION CODE EDUCATION Management Resources: Legal Reference: 58 (cf. 5030 - Student Wellness) (cf. 3550 - Food Service/Child Nutrition Program) (cf. 1321 - Solicitations of Funds from and by Students) (cf. 1230 - School-Connected Organizations) 49431.5) inspecifiedEducation Code 49431.5. (EducationCode Beverage sales shall be subject to the nutritional standards Code 38085, 49431, 49431.2) schools, junior high schools, and high schools. (Education ementary schools and Education Code 49431.2 for middle the standards described in Education Code 49431 for el side the district’s food service program shall comply with tion Code 38085. July Beginning 1, 2007, food sales out comply with the nutritional standards inspecifiedEduca Food sales outside the district’s food service program shall Nutritional Standards for Foods and Beverages FOOD OTHER SALES 3554AR Operations Noninstructional and Business Administrative Regulation CSBA Sample further information regarding these standards. See AR 3550 - Food Service/Child Nutrition Program for should modify the following section to reflect districtpractice. 49431.2, and 49431.5 prior to July 1, 2007. Such districts standards for foods or beverages in Education Code 49431, At their discretion, districts may choose to adopt the nutrition and July 1, 2009. high schools which will be phased in between July 1, 2007 the list of allowable beverages and to establish standards for utes of 2005) amended Education Code 49431.5 to modify tained in Education Code 49431.5. SB 965 (Ch. 237, Stat Nutritional standards for beverages sold to students are con contingent upon state funding. amended, no longer makes compliance with the standards (Ch. 235, Statutes of 2005). Education Code 49431, as high, and high schools, as amended and added by SB 12 schools and Education Code 49431.2 for middle, junior standards specified in EducationCode 49431 for elementary ning July 1, 2007, these standards will be replaced by the are contained in Education Code 38085. However, begin Note: Nutritional standards for food items currently in effect STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT
------2. 1. (Education Code 49431, 49431.5) school and the sale meets one of the following conditions: ing event, only when the items are sold by students of the atpermitted an elementary school, as ofpart a fundrais beverages that do not comply with those standards may be Code 49431 and 49431.5 are effective, the sale of foods or When the food and beverage standards in Education 2. 1. lowing (Education circumstances: Code 49431.5) junior high school as ofpart a school event under the fol standards in law may be atpermitted a middle school or Beverage sales that do not comply with the nutritional 3. 2. 1. (Educationes: Code 49431.2) school, or high school in any of the following circumstanc effective, may be atpermitted a middle school, junior high tritional standards in Education Code 49431.2, when The sale of food items that do not comply with the nu type(s) of schools in the district. Education Code 49431.2, schools and should be revised as necessary to reflect the maintaining middle schools, junior high schools, and/or high Note: The remainder of this section is for use by districts elementary schools. Note: Items #1-2 below are for use by districts maintaining following paragraph. nutritional standards may be permitted, as provided in the circumstances under which food sales that do not meet as added by SB 12 (Ch. 235, Statutes of 2005), specifies
school day. It takes place at least one-half hour after the end of the It takes place off and away from school premises. school day. are used later than one-half hour after the end of the Vending machines, student stores, and cafeterias hour after the end of the school day. takes place at the location of the event at least one-half The sale occurs during a school-sponsored event and activity after the end of the school day. The sale occurs during a school-sponsored student half hour after the end of the school day. The sale takes place on school premises at least one- premises. The sale takes place off and away from school - - - - 59 -
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Superintendent or designee. or Superintendent not are day school regular the during sold items Food premises. the on prepared food district’s the in sold those not are sold items food The day. school that during school that at program service The food sold is not one sold in the district’s food food district’s the in sold one not is sold food The day. school that during school that at program service on sale food a conducts organization student one Only more no sells organization the and day school given a except items, beverage or food threetypes than of be may year school the during days four to up that organizations of number any which on designated items. food any of sale the conduct may the by approved items are food nutritious specific The
Note: Items #1-4 below are for use by districts that maintain maintain that districts by use for are below #1-4 Items Note: schools. high junior or schools high 3. 4. UPDATE Reference ServicePolicy ©California Copyright by 2005 SchoolBoards Association, Sacramento, CaliforniaWest 95691 Allrights reserved. 7. Meals) Price Reduced and Free - 3553 (cf. organi student a schools, high junior and schools high In after or during items food sell to approved be may zation (5 met: are conditions following the allof if day school the 15501) CCR 1. 2. - - - - STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE The food sold is a dessert-type food, such as pastry, ice ice pastry, as such dessert-typefood, a is sold food The items prepared on the premises. the on prepared items per year per sales such four than more no are There school. fruit. or cream, The specific nutritious food item is approved by the the by approved is item food nutritious specific The designee. or Superintendent the of close the after until begin not does sale The period. service food midday scheduled regularly food of not is day school regular the during sale The The student organization may sell one food item per item food one sell may organization student The sale.
Note: Items #1-7 below are for use by districts that maintain maintain that districts by use for are below #1-7 Items Note: K-8. grades of any service areas during breakfast and lunch periods. periods. lunch and breakfast during areas service rules and regulations prohibit the sale of foods of minimal minimal of foods of sale the prohibit regulations and rules Appen or 210, Part B, Appendix in listed as value, nutritional food in Regulations, Federal of Code the of 220, Part B, dix Note: 7 CFR 210.11 and 7 CFR 220.12 mandate that district district that mandate 220.12 CFR 7 and 210.11 CFR 7 Note: subject to the requirements described below. This section section This below. described requirements the to subject the in participating not districts by use for adapted be may discretion. their at programs meal federal Note: In addition to the requirements in the previous sec previous the in requirements the to addition In Note: or Lunch School National the in participating schools tion, are 1773, and 1757 USC 42 to pursuant Programs, Breakfast 5. 6. 3. 4. 1. 2. grades K-8 that is participating in the National School School National the in participating is that K-8 grades follow the allof when except Program, Lunch or Breakfast 15500) CCR (5 met: are conditions ing The Superintendent or designee shall not permit the sale sale the permit not shall designee or Superintendent The of any with school a in organizations student by foods of 210, Appendix B, and 7 CFR 220, Appendix B, shall be sold sold be shall B, Appendix 220, CFR 7 and B, Appendix 210, periods. lunch and breakfast during areas service food in 220.12) 210.11, CFR (7 No foods of minimal nutritional value, as listed in 7 CFR 7 listedin as value, minimal nutritional of foods No the sale. (7 CFR 210.11, 220.12) 210.11, CFR (7 sale. the the sale of approved foods or drinks from vending ma drinks vending or from foods approved of sale the food school the school, the of benefit the to accrues chines, sponsoring organization(s) student the or program, service The sale of foods during meal periods in food service areasservice food in periods meal during foods of sale The including sale, the from allincome if only allowed be shall Additional Requirements for Schools Participating Participating Schools for Requirements Additional Program Breakfast or Lunch School National the in 60 and parent/guardian and community involvement. promotion for staff, a safe and healthy school environment, services, psychological and counseling services, health education, physical education, health services, nutrition that supports and reinforces health literacy through health designee shall build a coordinated school health system cal activity for students.district The Superintendent or hensive program promoting healthy eating and physi health and andlearning desires to provide a compre The Governing Board the recognizes between link student WELLNESS STUDENT 5030BP Students CSBA Sample Board Policy revised to reflect districtpractice. Health Framework for California Public Schools, and may be mended in the California Department of Education’s (CDE) components of a coordinated school health approach recom The following paragraph links student wellness with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). to provide information and technical assistance through the in 42 USC 1751 requires the U.S. Secretary of Agriculture the development of the wellness policy. In addition, the Note ment, and contains other resources that may be useful in student achievement, provides worksheets for policy develop the relationship between nutrition and physical activity and Activity Policy Resource Guide summarizes research on CSBA’s Student Wellness: A Healthy Food and Physical Health Education. - Physical Education, and BP/AR 6142.8 - Comprehensive Price Meals, BP/AR 3554 - Other Food Sales, BP/AR 6142.7 Child Nutrition Program, BP/AR 3553 - Free and Reduced including BP 3312 - Contracts, BP/AR 3550 - Food Service/ consider reviewing other related policies for consistency, should be revised to reflect districtpractice. Districts should July 2006. The following policy fulfills this mandate and fiedcomponents by thebeginning of theschool year after to adopt a districtwide school wellness policy with speci USC 1771-1791), including the School Breakfast Program, (42 USC 1751-1769) or the Child Nutrition Act of 1966 (42 district participating in the National School Lunch Program Note, added by P.L. 108-265, Section 204) mandates each Children (WIC) Reauthorization Act of 2004 (42 USC 1751 Note: The Federal Child Nutrition and Women, Infants and STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT - - - - - (cf. 6164.2 - Guidance/Counseling Services) (cf. 6142.1 - Sexual Health and HIV/AIDS Prevention Education)(cf. 5146 - Married/Pregnant/Parenting Students) (cf. 5142 - Safety) (cf. 5141.6 - Student Health and Social Services) (cf. 5141.32 - Health Screening for School Entry) (cf. 5141.31 - Immunizations) (cf. 5141.3 - Health Examinations) (cf. 5141.23 - Infectious Disease Prevention) (cf. 5141 - Health Care and Emergencies) (cf. 5131.63 - Steroids) (cf. 5131.62 - Tobacco) (cf. 5131.61 - Drug Testing) (cf. 5131.6 - Alcohol and Other Drugs) (cf. 3514 - Environmental Safety) (cf. 3513.3 - Tobacco-Free Schools) (cf. 0200 - Goals for the School District) (cf. 0000 - Vision) selors, and/or others interested in school health issues. nurses, health educators, physical education teachers, coun include district administrators, health professionals, school of the above groups. The council or committee may also council or other committee consisting of representatives The Superintendent or designee may appoint a school health (42 USC 1751 Note) trators, Board representatives, and members of the public. students, school food service professionals, school adminis developed with the involvement of parents/guardians, The Board’s policy related to student wellness shall be School Health Council/Committee optional and may be revised to reflect districtpractice. procedural requirements. The following two paragraphs are with the Brown Act but must comply with other, less complex the Superintendent or designee are not required to comply mittees. In general, advisory committees that are created by laws (the Brown Act); see AR 1220 - Citizen Advisory Com mittees appointed by the Board are subject to open meeting Public Schools. Pursuant to Government Code 54952, com recommended in the CDE’s Health Framework for California could be through the creation of a school health council, as Note: One method to achieve involvement of those groups members of the public. sionals, school administrators, Board representatives, and parents/guardians, students, school food service profes wellness policy must be developed with the involvement of Note: Pursuant to the Note in 42 USC 1751, the district - - - - - 61 ------Note: The Note in 42 USC 1751 mandates that the district’s district’s the that mandates 1751 USC 42 in Note The Note: below. specified as guidelines, nutrition include policy wellness language policy details section this of remainder The Note: to revised be should and topic mandated this address to practice. district reflect The Board believes that foods and beverages available to stu to available beverages and foods that believes Board The curriculum health the support should schools district at by dents adopted standards Nutrition health. optimal includ promote and students, to sold beverages and foods all for district food the district’s the through provided beverages and foods ing fundrais machines, vending stores, student program, service federal and state exceed or meet shall venues, other or ers, standards. nutrition (cf. 1113 - District and School Web Sites) Web School and District - 1113 (cf. Involvement) Parent - 6020 (cf. BoardThe prohibits the marketing and advertising of non-nutritious foods andbeverages through signage, vending machine fronts,scoreboards, logos, sup school plies, advertisements in publications, school coupon or incentive programs, or other means. Promotion) and Advertising - 1325 (cf. School at Available Foods for Guidelines Nutrition the by selected guidelines nutrition adopt shall Board The the during campus each on available allfoods districtfor health student promoting of objectives the with day, school Note) 1751 USC (42 obesity. childhood reducing and The Superintendent or designee shall encourage staff to encourage shall designee or Superintendent The and promote shall He/she models. role positive as serve activity physical regular for opportunities provide may employees. among strat instructional include shall development Professional promote skills and and knowledge assesshealth that egies behaviors. healthy Development) Staff 4131- (cf. Development) Staff 4331- (cf. the between messages health consistent encourage To or Superintendent the environment, school and home parents/ to information health disseminate may designee hand newsletters, school districtor guardiansthrough school districtor the meetings, parent/guardian outs, par to Outreach communications. other and site, web between relationship the emphasize shall ents/guardians performance. academic and health student - - - - STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE
address this mandated topic and should be revised to reflect reflect to revised be should and topic mandated this address practice. district Note: The remainder of this section details policy language to to language policy details section this of remainder The Note: wellness policy include goals for nutrition and physical activ physical and nutrition for goals include policy wellness below. specified as ity, Note: The Note in 42 USC 1751 mandates that the district’s district’s the that mandates 1751 USC 42 in Note The Note: (cf. 6142.7 - Physical Education) Physical - 6142.7 (cf. Activities) Cocurricular and Extracurricular - 6145 (cf. Competition) Athletic - 6145.2 (cf. grams, extracurricular programs, before- and after-school after-school and before- programs, extracurricular grams, activities. unstructured and structured other and programs, to be physically active on a regular basis. Opportunities Opportunities basis. regular a on active physically be to provided be shall activity physical vigorous to moderate for pro athletic school recess, education, physical through (cf. 6142.8 - Comprehensive Health Education) Health Comprehensive - 6142.8 (cf. opportunities provided be shall K-12 grades in students All shall be integrated into core academic subjects and offered and subjects academic core into integrated be shall programs. after-school and before- through Nutrition education shall be provided as part of the health health the partof as provided be shall education Nutrition appropriate, as and, K-12 grades in program education (cf. 6010 - Goals and Objectives) and Goals - 6010 (cf. Standards) Academic - 6011 (cf. Study) of Courses - 6143 (cf. works, and designed to build the skills and knowledge that that knowledge skills and the build to designed and works, lifestyle. healthy a maintain to need allstudents The district’s nutrition education and physical education education physical and education nutrition district’s The the with consistent research, on based be shall programs frame curriculum state’s the in established expectations district determines appropriate. (42 USC 1751 Note) 1751 USC (42 appropriate. district determines The Board shall adopt goals for nutrition education, physi education, nutrition for goals adopt shall Board The are that activities school-based other and activity, cal the that manner a in wellness student promote to designed Nutrition Education and Physical Activity Goals Goals Activity Physical and Education Nutrition discretion of the Superintendent or designee, the council’s council’s the designee, or Superintendent the of discretion activities implementing and planning include may charges community. or school withinthe health promote to The school health council or committee shall assist with assist shall committee or council health school The health- districton the advise and development policy the At programs. and policies, activities, issues, related (cf. 1220 - Citizen Advisory Committees) Advisory Citizen - 1220 (cf. Representatives) Board - 9140 (cf. 62 Program Implementation and Evaluation (cf. 3553 - Free and Reduced Price Meals) the extent possible. National School Lunch and School Breakfast Programs, to in available federal school nutrition programs, including the tious meals and snacks, all district schools shall participate In order to maximize the district’s ability to provide nutri schools. (42 USC 1751 Note) 1758(f)(1), 1766(a), and 1779(a) and (b), as they apply to regulations and guidance issued pursuant to 42 USC able school meal programs shall meet or exceed federal Foods and beverages provided through federally reimburs Guidelines for Reimbursable Meals the lunch period when possible. per party. Class orparties celebrations shall be held after nutritional standards to no more than one food or beverage andparties by foods limiting or beverages that do not meet ing any snacks which they may donate for occasional class program by considering nutritional quality when select volunteers to support the district’s nutrition education School shall staff encourage parents/guardians or other (cf. 1230 - School-Connected Organizations) demic performance, accomplishments, or classroomthe use of non-nutritious behavior. foods as a reward for students’ aca ing purposes. He/she also shall encouragezations school to staff use tohealthy avoid food items or non-foodThe Superintendent items for fundraisor designee shall encourage school organi(cf. 6300 - Preschool/Early Childhood Education) (cf. 5148 - Child Care and Development) (cf. 3554 - Other Food Sales) (cf. 3550 - Food Service/Child Nutrition Program) (cf. 3312 - Contracts) provided in the following paragraph. monitor implementation of the district’s wellness policy, as tation of the policy, including designating persons who will wellness policy establish a plan for measuring the implemen Note: The Note in 42 USC 1751 mandates that the district’s reflect districtpractice. to address this mandated topic and should be revised to Note: The remainder of this section details policy language specified below. wellness policy include guidelines for reimbursable meals, as Note: The Note in 42 USC 1751 mandates that the district’s STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT ------programs; anyprograms; sales of non-nutritious foods and bever of meals served; student participation rates in school meal but not be to,limited an analysis of the nutritional content and at each school.district These measures shall include, to measure the implementation of the policy districtwide Board approval specific qualityindicators that bewill used The Superintendent or designee shall recommend for (cf. 0500 - Accountability) (42 USC 1751 Note) the school sites implement the district’s wellness policy. is charged with operational responsibility for thatensuring least one person thewithin anddistrict at each school who tation of the policy. The Superintendent shall designate at The Board shall establish a plan for measuring implemen California Department of Education. physical activity laws and regulations prepared by the Each school shall also post ofa summary nutrition and tion Code 49432) school cafeterias or in other central eating areas. (Educa on nutrition and physical activity in public view all within Each school shall post the district’s policies and regulations Posting Requirements physical activity.and nutrition to related policies Board any other and policy of this implementation on the years two every at least Board the to report shall ordesignee The Superintendent guardians, students, and other appropriate persons. school administrators, the school health council, parents/ meal andprograms; feedback from food service personnel, ages in orfundraisers other venues outside the district’s reflect districtpractice. to address this mandated topic and should be revised to Note: The remainder of this section details policy language optional. cal activity laws and regulations. The following paragraph is public schools to post a summary of nutrition and physi Note: Education Code 49432 authorizes but does not require - - - - 63 -
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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): Prevention and Control Disease for Centers http://www.cdc.gov http://www.dairycouncilofca.org California: of Council Dairy http://www. Activity: and Nutrition for Alliance National cspinet.org/nutritionpolicy/nana.html Education: of Boards State of Association National http://www.nasbe.org http://www.nsba.org Association: Boards School National http://www.schoolnutrition.org Association: Nutrition School http://www.sne.org Education: Nutrition for Society http://www.fns.usda.gov/tn/ Agriculture: of Department U.S. Healthy/wellnesspolicy_steps.html Fit, Healthy and Ready to Learn, 2000 Learn, to Ready and Healthy Fit, 2005 Americans, for the Guidelines Changing Dietary Services, Nutrition and Food to Guide A Nutrition, Team Environment: Nutrition School the Improving Scene, 2000 Action, Local http://www.csba.org Division: CSBA: Services Nutrition Education, of Department California http://www.cde.ca.gov/ls/nu California Department Services: Health of http://www.dhs.ca.gov California Kids Healthy Center: http://www. Resource and californiahealthykids.org Activity Encouraging (Leaders LEAN Project California http://www.CaliforniaProjectLEAN.org Nutrition): NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF STATE BOARDS OF EDU OF BOARDS STATE ASSOCIATIONOF NATIONAL (NASBE) PUBLICATIONS CATION AGRICULTURE PUBLICATIONS OF DEPARTMENT U.S. WEBSITES UPDATE Reference ServicePolicy ©California Copyright by 2005 SchoolBoards Association, Sacramento, CaliforniaWest 95691 Allrights reserved.
STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE School Health Index for Physical Activity and Healthy Eating: A Eating: Healthy and Activity Physical for Index Middle/ Health and School Elementary for Guide Planning and Self-Assessment 2004 Schools, High Healthy Children Ready to Learn, January 2005 January Learn, to Ready Children Kindergarten Healthy Schools, Public California for Framework Health 2003 Twelve, Grade Schools, Through Public California for Framework Education Physical 1994 12, Grade Through Kindergarten The New Nutrition Standards: Implications for Student Wellness Wellness Student for Implications Standards: Nutrition New The 2005 November Policies, Policy Activity Physical and Food Healthy A Wellness: Student 2005 rev. Guide, Resource 210.1-210.31 National School Lunch Program Lunch School National Program 210.1-210.31 Breakfast School National 220.1-220.21 1751-1769 National School Lunch Program, especially: Program, Lunch School National 1751-1769 policy wellness Local Note including: 1751 Act, Nutrition Child 1771-1791 Program Breakfast School Act 1773 Nutrition Child regulations, and Rules 1779 7 TITLE REGULATIONS, FEDERAL OF CODE 15500-15501 Food sales by student organizations student by sales Food 15500-15501 students needy for meals Mandatory 15510 education Nutrition programs breakfast 15530-15535 and lunch School 15550-15565 49550-49560 Meals for needy students needy for Meals program pilot 49550-49560 Start Fresh California 49565-49565.8 Act Lunch School National 49570 education Physical 51222 schools elementary education, Physical 51223 49490-49493 School breakfast and lunch programs lunch and breakfast School 49490-49493 meals School 49500-49505 Nutrition 49510-49520 Act Nutrition Child 49530-49536 program food care Child services 49540-49546 nutrition Comprehensive 49547-49548.3 49430-49436 Pupil Nutrition, Health, and Achievement Health,and Achievement Pupil Nutrition, 49430-49436 2001 of Act CENTERSDISEASEPUBLICATIONS CONTROL FOR CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION PUBLICATIONS CSBA PUBLICATIONS CSBA CSBA POLICYBRIEFSCSBA UNITEDTITLECODE, STATES 42 CODE OF REGULATIONS, TITLE OF CODE 5 EDUCATION CODE EDUCATION Management Resources: Legal Reference: 64 (cf. 6164.6 - Identification and Education Under Section 504) sive physical exertion. students with a physical disability that may restrict exces An appropriate alternative activity shall be provided for (cf. 6143 - Courses of Study) as well as aesthetic movement forms, such as dance. of kinesthetic activities, including team and individual sports, cation program. The district’s program shall include a variety The Board shall approve the components of the physical edu (cf. 6190 - Evaluation of the Instructional Program) (cf. 6146.1 - High School Graduation Requirements) (cf. 6145.2 - Athletic Competition) (cf. 6142.8 - Comprehensive Health Education) (cf. 5121 - Grades/Evaluation of Student Achievement) achievement of common goals. activities should teach students how to cooperate in the achievement and a positive self-image, physical education physical activity. Besides promoting high levels of personal and skills encourages students’ lifelong fitnessthrough program that builds interest and proficiencyin movement ment. The Board desires to provide a physical education physical activity for student health and academic achieve The Governing Board therecognizes positive benefits of PHYSICAL EDUCATION 6142.7BP Instruction CSBA Sample Board Policy required objectives and criteria. should ensure that the program in its entirety meets legally ties as ofpart the physical education program, the Board court. If the district classifies marchingband or similaractivi not concur with this opinion, which has not been tested in credential. In its memorandum of April 18, 1989, the CDE did tests, and is taught by a teacher holding a physical education prepares students for state physical education performance objectives and criteria of Education Code 51220, adequately provided that the entire program substantially meets the to be included as ofpart the physical education program Ops.Cal.Atty.Gen. 230 (1970)) allows marching band classes physical education program. An Attorney General opinion (53 cation Framework describes components of a comprehensive Note: The California Department of Education’s Physical Edu STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT - - - - - 1. lowing conditions: exemption from physical education under any of the fol The Superintendent or designee may grant temporary Exemptions (cf. 3516 - Emergencies and Disaster Preparedness Plan) lution episodes, hot weather or other inclement conditions.or type of physical exercise required of students duringPhysical air pol education staff shall appropriately limit the amount (cf. 6146.11 - Alternative Credits Toward Graduation) (cf. 6145.2 - Athletic Competition) (Education Code 51242) oncarried wholly or after regular partially school hours. regular school-sponsored interscholastic athletic program student from physical education if he/she is engaged in a The Superintendent or designee may exempt a high school time involved. (Education Code 52316) such attendance results in hardship because of the travel or program from attending physical education courses if grades 10-12 who attends a regional occupational center The Superintendent or designee may excuse any student in courses during grades 10-12. (Education Code 51241) their consent, from any two years of physical education The Superintendent or designee may exempt students, with 3. 2. the Board wishes to grant. the grade levels offered by the district and the exemptions ing section or may select the paragraphs below that reflect who meet specifiedcriteria. TheBoard maydelete the follow permanent exemptions from physical education to students Note: State law authorizes the Board to grant temporary or described in the following paragraph. performance test as a condition of receiving the exemption that a student in grades 10-12 pass the ninth-grade physical tion Code 51241 to delay until July 1, 2007 a requirement Note: SB 78 (Ch. 459, Statutes of 2003) amended Educa
The student is orill injured and a modified program training. training. (Education Code 51222) clock hours in order to participate in automobile driver The student in grades 10-12 is excused for up to 24 (Education Code 51241) The student is enrolled for one-half time or less. Code 51241) to meet his/her needs cannot be provided. (Education - - - - 65 -
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National Association of State Boards of Education of Boards State of Association National http://[email protected] (NASBE): Prevention and Control Disease for Centers (CDC):http://www.cdc.gov School Health Index for Physical Activity and Healthy Eat Healthy and Activity Physical for Index Health School Elementary for Guide Planning and Self-Assessment A ing: 2000 Schools, Middle/High and 2000 Learn, to Ready and Healthy Fit, http://www.csba.org CSBA: California: Division/SHAPE Services Nutrition CDE, http://www.cde.ca.gov/nsd Health School Services, Health of Department California schoolhealth dhs.ca.gov/ http://www. Connections: Activity Encouraging (Leaders LEAN Project California CaliforniaProjectLEAN.org http://www. Nutrition): and Center: Resource Kids Healthy California http://www.californiahealthykids.org Association: Boards School National http://[email protected] CDC PUBLICATIONS CDC PUBLICATIONS NASBE WEBSITES UPDATE Reference ServicePolicy CaliforniaCopyright © by 2005 SchoolBoards Association, Sacramento, CaliforniaWest 95691 Allrights reserved. - STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE Jump Start Teens, 1997 Teens, Start Jump 1999 Game, Policy the Playing 2000 Kit, Mini Resource and Idea School Physical Education Framework for California Public Public California for Framework Education Physical 1996 12, Grade Through Kindergarten Schools: 1989 18, April Education, Physical 0418.89 53 Ops.Cal.Atty.Gen. 230 (1970) 230 Ops.Cal.Atty.Gen. 53 2003 Guide, Resource Policy Food Healthy 3051.5 Adapted physical education for individuals with with individuals for education physical Adapted 3051.5 needs exceptional pro education physical school high for Criteria 10060 grams 504 Section 1973, of Act Rehabilitation 794 program participants program classes education physical attending from Excuse 52316 test performance Physical 60800 test performance Physical 1041-1046 51220 Course of study, grades 7-12 grades study, of Course 51220 education Physical 51222 schools elementary education, Physical 51223 physical from exemption permanent or Temporary 51241 education athletic for education physical from Exemption 51242 33350 CDE responsibilities re: physical education physical re: responsibilities CDE 33350 class education physical Grades; 49066 1-6 grades study, of Course 51210 Age 16 years or older and has been enrolled in grade grade in enrolled been has and older or years 16 Age years academic more or one for 10 student postgraduate a as Enrolled forestry or camp ranch, home, juvenile a in Enrolled exercise and recreation scheduled with school camp
CDHS PUBLICATIONS CDHS CDE PROGRAM ADVISORIES PROGRAM CDE CDE PUBLICATIONS CDE CSBA PUBLICATIONS CSBA UNITEDTITLECODE, STATES 29 ATTORNEYGENERAL OPINIONS CODE OF REGULATIONS, TITLE OF CODE 5 EDUCATION CODE EDUCATION Management Resources: Legal Reference: 2. 3. 1. The Superintendent or designee may grant permanent permanent grant may designee or Superintendent The is who student a to education physical from exemptions 51241) Code (Education either: 66 (Education Code 51210, 51222) minutes each 10 school days for students in grades 7-12. school days for students in grades 1-6 and not less than 400 total period of time of not less than 200 minutes each 10 Instruction in physical education shall be provided for a OPTION 3: school days. (Education Code 51222) total period of time of not less than 400 minutes each 10 Instruction in physical education shall be provided for a OPTION 2: school days. (Education Code 51210, 51223) total period of time of not less than 200 minutes each 10 Instruction in physical education shall be provided for a OPTION 1 PHYSICAL EDUCATION 6142.7AR Instruction CSBA Sample Administrative Regulation maintain high schools. Note: The remainder of this section is for use by districts that offered by the district. The following options should be modified to reflect grade levels exclusive of recesses and the lunch period. schools of not less than 200 minutes each 10 school days, grades 7-8 that matches the requirement for other elementary shall provide instruction in physical education for students in 51223, elementary school districts maintaining grades 1-8 each 10 school days. However, pursuant to Education Code attend courses of physical education for at least 400 minutes exempted pursuant to Education Code 51241, be required to 51222 provides that all students, except students excused or cesses and the lunch period. For grades 7-12, Education Code for at least 200 minutes each 10 school days, exclusive of re study for grades 1-6 to include instruction in physical education Note: Education Code 51210 requires the adopted course of STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT : (Elementary Districts with Any of Grades 1-8)
(Unified SchoolDistricts) (High School Districts) - dents in grades 5, 7 and 9 shall undergo the physical per theDuring month of February, March, April or May, stu Physical Performance Testing school day of 180 minutes. (Education Code 51241,pursuant to Education 52316) Code 52316 shall haveprogram a minimum or center who are exempted from physical educationcal education course. Students in a regional occupationalclasses than they would have attended if enrolled in anot physi be permitted to attend fewer total hours of courseseducation and pursuant to Education Code 51241(b)(1)Students inor grades(c) shall 10-12 who are exempted from physical All rights reserved. rights All 95691 WestCalifornia Sacramento, Association, School Boards 2005 by© Copyright California Policy Service Reference UPDATE (cf. 5125 -Student Records) 1044) shall be included in his/her cumulative record. (5 CCR Each student’s scores on the physical performance test testing. (Education Code 60800) results may be provided orally as the student completes the after completing the physical performance testing. The test Students shall be provided with their individual results (cf. 6162.5 - Student Assessment) (Education Code 60800) as much of the test as their physical condition permit. will are physically unable to take ofall the test shall undergo tion. Students with a physical disability and students who formance designatedtesting by the State Board of Educa lowing paragraph accordingly. 10-12. Districts that choose to do so should modify the fol ninth-grade physical performance test to students in grades Code 51241, the district may also choose to administer the grade levels offered by the district. Pursuant to Education Note: The following paragraph should be modified to reflect their test results orally as students complete the testing.Statutes of 2003), authorizes districts to provide studentsNote: Education with Code 60800, as amended by SB 78 (Ch. 459, (6/96 3/03) 11/03
- - - - - 67 ------Note: The following optional paragraph should be revised as as revised be should paragraph optional following The Note: Educa district. the by offered levels grade reflect to necessary for study of course adopted the that requires 51210 Code tion in instruction including health, in instruction include 1-6 grades commu and family, individual, of practices and principles the that requires 51202 Code Education addition, In health. nity appropriate the at addressed be topics health-related certain the by determined as levels, grade secondary and elementary pro be students that requires 51934 Code Education district. middle in once least at instruction prevention HIV/AIDS vided school. high in once least at and school high junior or school Sexual - 6142.1 BP/AR and Study of Courses - 6143 AR See Instruction. Prevention HIV/AIDS and Health education health comprehensive a in addressed be to Topics the and 51890 Code Education both in detailed are program administra accompanying the see Framework; Health CDE’s regulation. tive (cf. 5141.32 - Health Screening for School Entry) School for Screening Health - 5141.32 (cf. Reporting) and Prevention Abuse Child - 5141.4 (cf. Services) Social and Health Student - 5141.6 (cf. Safety) - 5142 (cf. Students) Married/Pregnant/Parenting - 5146 (cf. Services) Guidance/Counseling - 6164.2 (cf. The district shall provide a planned, sequential, research- sequential, planned, a provide districtshall The curriculum education health age-appropriate and based, instruc health of content The K-12. grades in students for policy, Board law, with accordance in offered be shall tion state with aligned be shall and regulation, administrative frameworks. curriculum Study) of Courses - 6143 (cf. coor a partof be to education health for intends Board The and links district,school, that system health school dinated health the promote to services and programs community students. of well-being and Services) Youth - 1020 (cf. Schools) Tobacco-Free - 3513.3 (cf. Safety) Environmental - 3514 (cf. Program) Nutrition Service/Child Food - 3550 (cf. Sales) Food Other - 3554 (cf. Workplace) Alcohol-Free and Drug - 4020 (cf. Drugs) Other and Alcohol - 5131.6 (cf. Steroids) - 5131.63 (cf. Prevention) Disease Infectious - 5141.23 (cf. Examinations) Health - 5141.3 (cf. ------STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE wellness policy, the district must establish goals for nutrition nutrition for goals establish must district the policy, wellness Student - 5030 BP See education. physical and education mandate. this fulfilling language for Wellness and adopt a districtwide school wellness policy by the begin the by policy wellness school districtwide a adopt and process a through 2006, July after year school the of ning student the of part As stakeholders. specified involves that trict participating in the National School Lunch program (42 (42 program Lunch School National the in participating trict including 1966 of Act Nutrition Child the or 1751-1769) USC develop to 1771-1791) USC (42 Program Breakfast School the Children (WIC) Reauthorization Act of 2004 (42 USC 1751 1751 USC (42 2004 of Act Reauthorization (WIC) Children dis each requires 204) Section 108-265, P.L. by added Note, Note: The Federal Child Nutrition and Women, Infants and Infants Women, and Nutrition Child Federal The Note: Education’s Health Framework for California Public Schools. Public California for Framework Health Education’s Note: The following optional policy reflects four “unifying ideas ideas “unifying four reflects policy optional following The Note: the throughout emphasized be should that literacy” health of of Department California the to according curriculum health (cf. 6142.1 - Sexual Health and HIV/AIDS Prevention Educa Prevention HIV/AIDS and Health Sexual - 6142.1 (cf. tion) Education) Physical - 6142.7 (cf. (cf. 5030 - Student Wellness) Student - 5030 (cf. Standards) Academic - 6011 (cf. oped in accordance with Board policy. Such goals shall shall goals Such policy. Board with accordance in oped education nutrition for goals limitedto, be not but include, activity. physical and Goals for the district’s health education program shall be shall program education health district’s the for Goals devel be shall and wellness student promote to designed ment, and informed use of health-related information, information, health-related of use informed and ment, services. and products, ity for one’s own lifelong health, respect for and promotion promotion and for respect health, lifelong own one’s for ity develop and growth of process the others, of health the of foster the knowledge, skills, and behaviors that students students that behaviors skills,and knowledge, the foster district’s The lives. productive healthy, lead to order in need responsibil personal teach shall program education health The Governing Board believes that health education should should education health that believes Board Governing The BP 6142.8 COMPREHENSIVEHEALTH EDUCATION CSBA Sample Board Policy Board Sample CSBA Instruction 68 Legal Reference: Legal (cf. 0500 - Accountability) fectiveness of the district’s health education program. reports to the Board regarding the implementation and ef The Superintendent or designee shall provide periodic STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT CODE OF REGULATIONS, TITLE 5 CODE OF TITLE REGULATIONS, EDUCATION CODE 11800-11801 District health education plan AIDS prevention education 51930-51939 Comprehensive sexual health and HIV/ 51920 Inservice training, health education 51913 District health education plan 51890-51891 Comprehensive health education programs 51513 Personal beliefs tion inservice 51265 Gang violence and drug and alcohol abuse preven 51260-51269 Drug education 51220.5 Parenting areasskills; of instruction 51210 Areas of study drugs 51203 Instruction on alcohol, narcotics and dangerous 51202 Instruction in personal and public health and safety 49500-49505 School meals 49490-49493 School breakfast and lunch programs Act of 2001 49430-49436 Pupil Nutrition, Health and Achievement 49413 First aid training 35183.5 Sun protection 8850.5 Family relationships and parenting education - - Management Resources: Management All rights reserved. rights All 95691 WestCalifornia Sacramento, Association, School Boards 2005 by© Copyright California Policy Service Reference UPDATE WEB SITES WEB TIONS DEPARTMENT PUBLICA OF HEALTH CALIFORNIA CATIONS DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATIONCALIFORNIA PUBLI CSBA PUBLICATIONS California Healthy Kids Resource Center: http://www. tions: http://www.mch.dhs.ca.gov/programs/shc/shc.htm California Department of Health, School Health Connec http://www.cde.ca.gov/ci/he California Department of Education, Health Education: CSBA: http://www.csba.org Jump Start Teens, 1997 garten Through Grade Twelve, 2003 Health Framework for California Public Schools: Kinder Policy Resource Guide, rev. 2005 Student Wellness: A Healthy Food and Physical Activity hearingconservation.org National Hearing Conservation Association: http://www. http://www.cdc.gov Control Prevention: and Centers for Disease and Nutrition): http://www.CaliforniaProjectLEAN.org California Project LEAN (Leaders Encouraging Activity californiahealthykids.org (3/03 11/03) 11/05
- - - - 69 ------Exercise, rest, and posture and rest, Exercise, anemia cell sickle including disorders, and Diseases disorders diseasesand genetic related and safety and health Environmental health Community
optional paragraph may be revised to reflect district practice. district reflect to revised be may paragraph optional Education added 2004) of Statutes 896, (Ch. 2525 AB Note: his/her excuse to parent/guardian a authorize to 51240 Code conflicts instruction the when education health from child beliefs. religious his/her with Note: Although Education Code 51890 does not specifically specifically not does 51890 Code Education Although Note: com a in included be to topic a as prevention injury list is prevention injury program, education health prehensive con major a as Framework Health CDE’s the in included 51940, Code Education to pursuant addition, In area. tent distributed curricula use basis, voluntary a on may, districts focuses that Center Resource Kids Healthy California the by following The injuries. cord spinal and brain of prevention on tional activity. tional Professionals Health of Involvement designed be shall program education health district’s The professional including community, the involve actively to (Educa evaluation. course in personnel, safety and health 51913) Code tion Instruction also shall include injury prevention and safety, safety, and prevention injury include shall also Instruction brain of prevention limitedto be not but include may which avoid and conservation, hearing injuries, cord spinal and sun. to overexposure of ance Safety) - 5142 (cf. Instruction Health from Exemption shall student a parent/guardian, a from request written Upon instruction health school’s the of part any from excused be in beliefs, and training religious his/her with conflicts that 51240) Code (Education convictions. moral personal cluding Responsibilities) and Rights Parent Education) - 5020 (cf. Prevention HIV/AIDS and Health Sexual - 6142.1 (cf. educa alternative an given be shall excused so Students 7. Education) Physical - 6142.7 (cf. 8. Prevention) Disease Infectious - 5141.23 (cf. 9. 10. - - STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE AR 6142.8 Nutrition, which may include related topics such as such topics related include may which Nutrition, Oral health, vision, and hearing and vision, health, Oral prevention diabetes and obesity Family health and child development, including the the including development, child and health Family of responsibilities and aspects financial and legal parenthood and marriage Mental and emotional health and development and health emotional and Mental and tobacco including drugs, misuseof and Use alcohol The use of health care services and products and services care health of use The
on or before March 1, 2008. 1, March before or on AB 689 (Ch. 645, Statutes of 2005) added Education Code Education added 2005) of Statutes 645, (Ch. 689 AB contingent Education, of Board State the require to 51210.8 education health in standards content adopt to funding, upon Code 51890. The district may revise or expand the following list list following the expand or revise may district The 51890. program. Code district’s the in addressed be to topics the reflect to Education’s Health Framework for California Public Schools also also Schools Public California for Framework Health Education’s are that education health of areas content major describes Education in specified components the to similar substantially 51890. These components are required for districts seeking seeking districts for required are components These 51890. pursu development staff related for reimbursement of state Department California The 51920. Code Education to ant Note: Items #1-10 below reflect components of a comprehen a of components reflect below #1-10 Items Note: Code Education in specified program education health sive (cf. 5030 - Student Wellness) Student - 5030 (cf. 5. 6. (cf. 5146 - Married/Pregnant/Parenting Students) Married/Pregnant/Parenting - 5146 (cf. 4. (cf. 5131.63 - Steroids) - 5131.63 (cf. 3. Schools) Tobacco-Free - 3513.3 (cf. Drugs) Other and Alcohol - 5131.6 (cf. 2. (cf. 1020 - Youth Services) Youth - 1020 (cf. Services) Social and Health Student - 5141.6 (cf. 1. instruction to aid students in making decisions in matters matters in makingindecisions students aid to instruction the including health, community and family personal, of 51890) Code (Education topics: following The district’s health education program shall include include shall program education health district’s The COMPREHENSIVEHEALTH EDUCATION Instruction of Content CSBA Sample Board Policy Board Sample CSBA Instruction 70 2. 1. be allowed: (Education Code 51890) product or service. However, the following activities may is intended to encourage persons to purchase or use the communicating about a product or service in a way that a voluntary initiative with the are district prohibited from health care providers, and other entities participating in Health care professionals, health care service plans, (Education Code 51913) agencies; and other appropriate community resources. public and private health, safety, and community service with managed health care and health care providers; local fields of health care,including voluntary collaborations sionals shall represent, at the district’s option, the varied education plan and in course evaluation. Such profes development and implementation of the district’s health Health care professionals also shall be involved in the STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT
health care insurance programs activities relating to federal, state, or county-sponsored Outreach, application assistance, and enrollment voluntary initiative organization, if provided in coordination with the name of a health care service plan or health care in a brochure or pamphlet that contains the logo or Health care or health education information provided (11/03) 11/05 - CASE STUDIES 71 77 79 81 75 85 73 83 ...... : ...... : ...... dova Unified School District School Unified dova r eka City Unified School District r ista Unified School District: CASE STUDIES Capistrano Unified School District: Eu V Eastside Union High School District: Los Angeles Unified School District: Oakland Unified School District: San Francisco Unified School District: Folsom Co Folsom 71 - - “I think the lesson to be learned is that when you feel feel you when that is learned be to lesson the think “I will you feelings, your share and issue an about strong you,” with agree people many how find to surprised be be limb, a on out going are you “When Davey. said your support that statistics and information with armed position.” said close,” darn pretty but perfect yet, not “We’re Davey. coordinators, in conjunction with the purchasing director, director, purchasing the with conjunction in coordinators, school the to justification and intent their presented then approved unanimously and receptive was which board, vending in soda all banned resolution That resolution. the drinks fruit juices, water, only offer now which machines, standards beverage and food meet that sports drinks and resolution This 2001). of Statutes 913, (Chapter 19 SB in 2003), of Statutes 415, (Ch. 677 SB to prior passed was in soda banned it that in law the than stricter was and day. school entire the during schools high and middle available snacks only the 2004, August of as Additionally, the meet that those are machines vending school the in 2001). of Statutes 913, (Chapter standards food 19 SB Challenges and Solutions in progressive “very as CUSD characterizes who Davey, more be would this thought “We said, thinking,” its pleasantly were We was. really it than challenge a of surprised.” “We knew about the law and of the obesity problem in in problem obesity the of and law the about knew “We rep education secondary the with met we so nation, our informa and statistics with him provided and resentative co-coordinator Davey, Dawn said topics,” these on tion Services. Nutrition and Food of Christina co-coordinator, her and she said Davey “we’re that philosophy same the have both Sangster, to need we and system, education an of part educators, is.” meal balanced healthy, a what of example an set at only were CUSD at machines vending the Because met coordinators service food the schools, secondary with met then who representatives, school high with vending school the used who principals school high The activities. extracurricular for fundraiser a as machines service food The idea. the of supportive were principals
STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE Orange County Orange Closed campus Closed Student ethnicity: 73 percent Caucasian; 18 percent percent 18 Caucasian; percent 73 ethnicity: Student Third largest school district in Orange County with with County Orange in district school largest Third reduced- and free for qualify students of percent 16 price meals price African percent 2 Asian; percent 5 Hispanic; Multiple, percent 1 Filipino; percent 1 American; Islander Pacific or Native Indian/Alaska American more than 49,745 students enrolled students 49,745 than more
➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ Statutes of 2001). of Statutes department about offering only healthy foods in vending vending in foods healthy only offering about department 913, (Chapter 19 SB in standards food per machines with Pepsi Bottling Company was expiring and the district district the and expiring was Company Bottling Pepsi with school the when again bid to out go to preparing was purchasing the with talking started directors service food Background contract beverage District’s School Unified Capistrano Region: Region: Demographics: BAN ON SOFT DRINKS AND JUNK FOOD V. CaseV. Studies CAPISTRANO UNIFIED SCHOOL DISTRICT: 72 www.capousd.k12.ca.us [email protected] (949) 489-7375 Capistrano UnifiedSchool District Nutrition Services Dawn Davey, Co-Coordinator of Food and For more information, contact: vending machines. CUSD’s to efforts promote healthy foods go beyond the the changes were made. vending commissions are equal to what they were before There was an initial decrease in revenues, but now to implement than other districts with open campuses.” district has closed campuses so this may have been easier she said. “Water has become popularvery now. Our and they will buy whatever is in the vending machines,” that have occurred,” Davey said. “I think they are thirsty “The students have been positivevery about the changes Results STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT other alternatives that could raise money.” raise could that alternatives other about make and do to suggestions we’re trying what about them to we talk Kremes, Krispy sell to wanting them about we hear When fundraising. to alternatives different with PTA the provide to We’re trying Association. Teacher Parent We’re the on working district. the through sold allfoods at looking “We’re Co-Coordinator of Food and Nutrition Services Capistrano Unified SchoolDistrict — Dawn Davey
73 After the district revamped its a la carte menu, menu, carte la a its revamped district the After fresh and bagels yogurt, like offerings food healthier minimal of foods and percent 76 by increased fruit eliminated. were value nutritional machines vending district in offered foods healthy The items added district the as percent 65 by increased machines. the to bars granola and pretzels like ➣ ➣ toward realizing their physical fitness goals. The district district The goals. fitness physical their realizing toward the of all incorporated that curriculum P.E. a developed also instruction. P.E. for standards state’s Challengescontext and a Solutions within activity physical and nutrition “Addressing pose can face districts school that issues other many so of issues “Competing Martinez-Roach. said challenge,” big a mental alcohol, drugs, crime, resources, limited include Martinez- poverty.” and abuse pregnancy, teen health, the of support the have to important it’s said Roach issues addresses that policy pass to trying when community activity. physical and nutrition as such Results and nutrition the improve effortsits to of Because the district, school its in activity environment physical Winner Challenge Superintendent a named was ESUHSD new the of results the of some are Below 2004. in Committee: the of work the from came that policies developed, reviewed, and modified by school site councils, councils, site school by modified and reviewed, developed, PTA councils, student staff, committees, advisory district also ESUHSD partners. health and groups student and reduced- and free and breakfast school the for policy set state to according prepared be to programs lunch price of stigma the alleviate To guidelines. nutrition federal and Committee the meals, reduced-priced or free receiving district The system. card meal electronic an implemented thereafter and week, one for lunches free offered then $2.50. at competitively them priced drafted also district the policy, nutrition addressing Besides self- and innovative integrates that policy activity physical a program Education Physical the into concepts competitive active physically be to students for opportunities provide to maintain to students requires It classes. P.E. of outside progress their record and plans fitness physical lifetime STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE physical
and VE FOOD SALES i opportunities
Santa Clara County Clara Santa PETIT 4.6 percent African American; 1 percent Pacific Pacific percent 1 American; African percent 4.6 Indian. American percent 0.4 and Islander; campus Closed More than 24,000 students enrolled in grades 9-12 9-12 grades in enrolled students 24,000 than More reduced- or free for qualify students of percent 26 meals priced percent 26.8 Hispanic; percent 42.2 ethnicity: Student Filipino; percent 9.7 Caucasian; percent 15.2 Asian; M ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ Relations Committee (Committee) conducted and reviewed reviewed and conducted (Committee) Committee Relations was policy draft A parents. and staff students, of surveys of junk food sold at fundraising activities. activities. fundraising at sold food junk of Board Student district’s the Martinez-Roach, with Working passed a policy during the 2003-2004 academic year that that year academic 2003-2004 the during policy a passed amount the decreased and sales food competitive limited board member Patricia Martinez-Roach, and involved involved and Martinez-Roach, Patricia member board Nutrition Child and partners health staff, parents, students, District School High Union Eastside the staff, Services Background by championed was that effort grass-roots a by Driven Demographics: Region: Region: activity EASTSIDE UNION HIGH SCHOOL DISTRICT: CO 74 www.eastside.k12.ca.us [email protected] (408) 347-5068 East Side Union High School District Physical Education Coordinator David Brown, Grant Coordinator For more information, contact: STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣
importantly, equal access for student learning.” student for access equal importantly, most and campuses safer food, healthy include should policies These language. and diversity cultural our address which policies include We must met. are needs and rights students’ “As apolicymaker, my ensure to is it job comprehensive high schools. Physical Activity/Education Policy in five of its 11 White Physical Education Grant and piloted a ESUHSD applied for and received a Carol M. Students’ Fitnessgram scores increased. 2001) (e.g., water, juices, fruit drinks andmeet sportsthe standardsdrinks). in SB 19 (Chapter 913, Statutesadministration. of Soda has been replaced with drinks contractthat with Pepsi that was approved under a previousSoda availability was reduced by 40 percent in spite47 percent. of a The average number of school lunches sold grew by Eastside Union High School District — Patricia Martinez-Roach, School Board Member
75 - - - - - percent fruit juices, and sport drinks or fruit-based drinks drinks fruit-based or sportdrinks and juices, fruit percent juice fruit percent 50 than less no of composed are that sweeten added no have and nectars) for percent 35 (or be students that requires policy the Additionally, ers. schools at sold foods the of selection the in involved cultural and ethnic students’ that notes specifically and offered. be should favorites Superintendent Scott said the district really wanted to to wanted really district the said Scott Superintendent that not “It’s model. role nutritional good a serveas cur no-smoking the modeling from different much of terms in model role good a be to wanting or riculum added. he recycling,” nutrition 19 SB incorporated policy nutrition ECUSD’s also policy The schools. at sold foods all for standards of comprised committee advisory nutrition a established staff school and members community parents, students, implemented. being was policy new the that ensure to is policy our into written component evaluation an “Having imple being are things ensure to part important an really the of co-chair Martin, Melissa said planned,” as mented very a have “We Committee. Nutrition School City Eureka under They district. school open-minded and progressive success.” academic and nutrition between link the stand be to beverages healthy only for calls policy ECUSD The 100 milk, water, hours: school during campus on sold lunches and breakfast,” said Superintendent James Scott. Scott. James Superintendent said breakfast,” and lunches startdoing.” let’s talking, enough decided finally “We and students after forward moved policy nutrition The school the of assessment an presented advocates nutrition presented students The ECUSD. at environment nutrition that requested and board school the to findings their campuses. all on sold be options food healthier nutrition students’ improving that clear is research “Current academic on impact immediate and positive a has status al “Students R.D. Hayes, Joyce Trustee said performance,” and school attend to likely more are nourished well are who member board a As learn. to motivated and prepared more the were statistics these Committee, the of member and our in change create to desire the behind force driving system.” service food district
STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE PUS STANDARDS FOR ALL FOODS M Humboldt County Humboldt Student ethnicity: 3 percent African American; 14 14 American; African percent 3 ethnicity: Student percent American Indian/Alaska Native; 7 percent percent 7 Native; Indian/Alaska American percent 10 Filipino; percent 1 Caucasian; percent 63 Asian; Pacific percent 1 Other; percent 1 Hispanic; percent Islander. campuses Open Largest school district in Humboldt County with with County Humboldt in district school Largest students 5,000 approximately reduced- or free for qualify students of percent 54 meals priced utritional ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ “We’d been lamenting the fact that we hadn’t acted hadn’t we that fact the lamenting been “We’d of value nutritional the and services food improving on districtwide School Nutrition Committee (Committee) to to (Committee) Committee Nutrition School districtwide 2003. July in adopted was that policy nutrition a develop junk food, soda and candy sales on its school campuses, campuses, school its on sales candy and soda food, junk a appointed District School Unified City Eureka the With awareness of the growing obesity problem at an an at problem obesity growing the of awareness With machine vending in increase dramatic a and high all-time Background Demographics: Region: Region: EUREKA CITY UNIFIED SCHOOL DISTRICT: N SOLD ON CA 76 lum throughout all grade levels. to food choices, and the inclusion of a nutrition curricu machine sales, quality of food toserved students, access and united the district around the issues of vending Trustee Hayes said the policy has provided the direction Results she added. ongoing conversations with the clubs about the policy,” compliance with the policy. “There just need to be more the student groups to bring the high schools into total the Committee has discussed how best to work with are so used to selling food to raise money. Martin said — especially at the high school level as student clubs is the need for ongoing communication about the policy Martin said that one of the district’s biggest challenges do things.” preneurial spirit of Americans always finds a new way to to fundraising,” said Superintendent Scott. “ The entre products are only limited by their own creativity in regard “The service clubs that relied on the sale of those alternative fundraisers. candy in Eureka” no longer sells food and is exploring cally run a student store that had the “best selection of students. For example, one business class that has histori that do not involve the sale of junk food and soda to challenges, it believes there are alternative fundraisers While the school board is concerned about fundraising concerns about the policy. Martin said. Student groups that raised funds also voiced the policy, but it had no impact on the board’s decision,” the policy. “The soda companies came to testify against Martin said the soda industry went on record opposing While the policy was adopted without much controversy, Solutions and Challenges service is making most of their food from scratch.” said. “It’s just being completed and utilized. Now, food ized kitchen that is a state-of-the-art facility,” Martin processed foods. “They’ve decided to go with a central more foods from scratch and reduce dependence on to hire a consultant to help determine how to prepare Recently, the district received bond money which it used STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT - - - - education with a “renewed commitment.” nutrition throughout the curriculum, and address physical trict’s stepsnext are to fine-tune thepolicy, incorporate been implemented. Superintendent Scott said the dis recently completed its evaluation of how the policy has said Martin, who, with the rest of the Committee, “Everyone is feeling so good about what’s going on,” (Chapter 913, Statutes of 2001). it began selling only foods that meet SB 19 standards department has increased its sales dramatically since Another welcome result is that the school food service www.eurekacityschools.org [email protected] Phone: (707) 445-5326 CoastNorth Project LEAN Eureka City Schools Nutrition Committee Nancy Kinziger, RD For more information, contact:
people who have who this.” on worked hard so people of the proud crisis? pretty I’m anational is obesity that fact the and practices nutritional good are what against you argue can “How — Dr. James Scott, Superintendent Eureka City Unified SchoolDistrict -
77 - 700. Point of sale locations have been increased and offer offer and increased been have locations sale of Point 700. students sure make to meals school reimbursable only lines. long in wait to having without lunch eat can $200,000 losing was FSD the changes, the to Prior and $400,000 a reserve, has FSD the Currently, annually. 1995 in million $1.75 from gone has budget annual the revenues. increased to due 2002 in million $3.5 to in the cafeteria. A variety of fresh school meals were were meals school fresh of variety A cafeteria. the in a including standards, nutrition USDA met that provided cheese and pepperoni fat lower salads, lunch of variety teriyaki wraps, pasta, homemade sandwiches, pizza, bowls. noodle and rolls sushi bowls, rice chicken to renovated was cafeterias school high older the of One with carts steel stainless in investing by stations food create department business The $50,000. of cost a at awnings red Palm- years. five in back paid was that loan a FSD the gave students where installed were keypads computerized sized lunch. their for pay and numbers ID their in punch could deducted was it and lunch their for prepaid students Some anony lunch free a got others while account, their of out of piece a entree, an of choice a have Students mously. $2.50. for milk flavored non-fat or low-fat and fruit, Results its to daily entrees 125 sell to used School High Cordova School High 800.Folsom sells now and students 1,850 sells now and students 2,100 its to entrees 85 sell to used Challenges and Solutions or free for eligible students changes, the to Prior their receive to line one in stood lunch reduced-price among choose to separately up lined others while meal High, Cordova At pizza. and fries burgers, as such items only district, the in schools high lower-income the of one reduced-price or free for eligible 500students the of 125 stand to demeaning was it because it eating were lunch needy. the for identified clearly line, the in separate a in stand students needy make schools “When they afford, can’t they that pizza Domino’s sell or line believe “I Schieder. said kids,” poor against discriminate is child the grounds, school on teenager a humiliate we if life.” for scarred sales carte la a and soda food, junk eliminated FSD The STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE EALS M CORDOVA UNIFIED SCHOOL Sacramento County Sacramento M Asian; 2 percent Filipino; 1 percent Other percent 1 Filipino; percent 2 Asian; campus Closed enrolled reduced- or free for qualify students of percent 33 meals price percent 11 Caucasian; percent 70 ethnicity: Student percent 7 American; African percent 9 Hispanic; Suburban school district with over 19,000 students students 19,000 over with district school Suburban ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ DISTRICT: HEALTHIER SCHOOL adopted a new philosophy, adapted to cultural changes and and changes cultural to adapted philosophy, new a viability. adopted fiscal and integrity nutritional maintain to sought school nutrition programs through changes necessary to to necessary changes through programs nutrition department school the district, the in children of health the promote provide students with nutritious foods. A new food service service food new A foods. nutritious with students radical provide most the made and in stepped Schieder, Al steer director, to Determined history. department’s the in changes vending machine contracts to feed students in the district. district. the in students feed to contracts machine to vending failing and red the in operating was department The For several years, the Folsom Cordova Unified School District District School Unified Cordova Folsom the years, several For high-fat on relying was (FSD) Department and Service items Food snack foods, frozen foods, fast sugar-laden and Background Region: Region: Demographics: FOLSO 78 www.fcusd.k12.ca.us [email protected] (916) 355-1180 Folsom Cordova UnifiedSchool District Al Schieder, Food Service Director For more information, contact: by giving them healthy, foods tasty that they will eat.” complain but toI try apply their criticism constructively, “We see kids as our customers. They will always STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT food back into the center of our operation.” obvious solutions. We need to learn how to put “Sometimes we close our eyes to the simple and Folsom Cordova Unified SchoolDistrict — Al Schieder, Food Service Director
79 - - With regards to the Obesity Prevention Motion, there there Motion, Prevention Obesity the to regards With policy the communicating effectively to challenges are parents including members community school all to of sale the through fundraise who clubs student and challenge additional An beverages. and foods unhealthy with market” “black a of development the been has school. at items food banned of sale unauthorized the Challenges and Issues needed losing feared parents and officials school Some received Schools banned. was soda if schools for funding soda The sales. drink soft from commissions larger concerned reassuring by this countered authors motion’s selling money make would schools that individuals 50 than less no and milk water, as such drinks healthier sweeteners. added no with juices fruit percent what buy they’ll game, football a at thirsty are people “If “They’re Hayes. Genethia member board said have,” you people Mainly, thirsty. be and game a at sit to going not under without revenue of loss a about worried were available.” what’s buy will people that standing that argued also she said Canter Marlene member Board an not health, a was schools in sales soda of issue the OK it’s that saying be we’d “Otherwise, issue. economics, for money made they as long as things unhealthy sell to schools.” our LAUSD campuses. After a lengthy discussion on the pros pros the on discussion lengthy a After campuses. LAUSD unanimously board school the ban, soda the of cons and all from sales drink sugary and soda all ban to voted hour one-half until and during before, campuses LAUSD 2004. January in starting day school the of end the after which passed was Motion Prevention Obesity an 2003, In for called and campus on food junk of sale the banned all out phasing schools, all to bars salad of expansion the motion The companies. food fast branded with contracts offerings vegetable and fruit unlimited for called also pilot, milk soy a cafeteria, the in bread grain whole and and education nutrition on emphasis increased an and of creation the for called policy The education. physical and compliance monitor to mechanism enforcement an counter to schools for information fundraising alternative revenue. in drop anticipated actan STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE Los Angeles County Angeles Los Student ethnicity: 71 percent Hispanic, 12 percent percent 12 Hispanic, percent 71 ethnicity: Student campus Closed Second largest school district in the nation with more more with nation the in district school largest Second or free for eligible are students of percent 75 African American, 10 percent Caucasian, 4 percent percent 4 Caucasian, percent 10 American, African Islander, Pacific percent 1 Filipino, percent 2 Asian, Native Indian/Alaskan American than 735,000 students enrolled students 735,000 than meals reduced-price
PROVING PHYSICAL EDUCATION ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ M outline their concerns. School board members authored authored members board School concerns. their outline all from drinks sugary other and sodas ban to motion a over this practice and met one-on-one with school board one-on-oneboard met school and with practice this over to meetings board school at testified and members to provide beverages for sale in vending machines in an an in machines vending in sale for beverages provide to advocates, Health schools. their for money raise to effort concern strong voiced parents, and students including Principals in the Los Angeles Unified School District District School Unified Angeles Los the in Principals companies drink soft with contracts into entering were Background Demographics: Region: Region: LOS ANGELES UNIFIED SCHOOL DISTRICT: BAN ON SOFT DRINK AND JUNK FOOD SALES, I 80 promoting healthy foods. student body leaders and health classes in selecting and is partnering with local business schools and engaging to get healthier food in the cafeteria. Lastly, the district secondary level in recent years. Food Service is working the school meal program has more than doubled at the ing in large, overcrowded high schools. Participation in in the school meal program; this is especially challeng have sufficient time to eat and to increase participation The district is looking for ways to ensure all students education classes. rate of the Fitnessgram and lower class size for physical educators, improve the administration and passage increase professional development for physical activity develop an instructional guide. The advisor is working to A central physical education advisor has been hired to will also provide a plan to address any revenue issues. education for both students and parents. This work group programs in the areas of physical education and nutrition procedures for competitive food sales, and develop food policies and enforcement of such policies, develop The board established a work group to review current Results school campuses. nities, farmers’ markets are being piloted on eight high revenues and access to fresh healthy foods in all commu since the implementation of the policies. To increase sizeable signing bonus that may cover all revenues lost profit margins forschools in the district.It will bring in a numbers and negotiate to lower prices and increase contract. This central contract will leverage power in for proposal for a districtwide central healthy beverage manager and Associated Student Body to issue a request an innovative partnership was formed with the business as anticipated, sales are slowly bouncing back. However, The dip has been greater for snacks than beverages, but A final challenge hasbeen the dip insales and revenue. STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT - - [email protected] Los Angeles UnifiedSchool District Marlene Canter, School Board Member For more information, contact: Prevention Motion For LAUSD Healthy Beverage Resolution and Obesity www.lausd.k12.ca.us the next frontier.” next the are allcommunities for food healthy to access expanding and food cafeteria of the quality nutritional improve to the governments federal and state the with partnering — steps first the were education physical and nutrition moting pro and campus on sold is food healthy only —ensuring policies nutrition progressive our of interms edge cutting the on is Angeles “Los — Marlene Canter, School Board Member visit www.csba.org Los Angeles Unified SchoolDistrict -
81 - groups are seeking revenue-generating alternatives so alternatives revenue-generating seeking are groups to foods unhealthy of sale the on rely to have don’t they activities. school support of selection healthier a offering continue to effort an In at bars salad implement to tried has OUSD the foods, proper of lack and funding however, schools; elementary not does Services Food obstacles. been have facilities purchase to funding or necessaryequipment the have serve enjoyable foods from diverse cultures; (4) improve improve (4) cultures; diverse from foods serveenjoyable nutrition integrate (5) jobs; service food of quality the a establish (6) and program; education district’s the into Board. Advisory Nutrition Challenges and Issues affected, groups and schools of number sheer the With put to procedure a developing is challenge biggest the to how discussing NAB The is action. into policy this and policy the following are schools which determine The policy. the of violation in those approach to how staff and community seek to continue will advisoryboard policy the as board school the to back report and input, implemented. is especially factor, major a be to continues also Funding food subsidize cannot and deficit a in is that district a in the of Opponents money. lose to continues it if service will programs school that fear decision board’s school school However, policy. new the under money lose ing to poor student health, including childhood obesity, obesity, childhood including health, student poor to ing to led outcry Community decay. tooth and diabetes 2 type Advisory Nutrition the force, task official an of creation the health members, board school included which (NAB), Board educators. and activists community specialists, and meetings discussion, public of year a than more After decided board school the NAB, the by research intensive approved instead and offer million $3.2 Pepsi’s reject to of sale the banned that policy nutrition comprehensive a high-sugar and soda) (including drinks soft carbonated cafeterias, in products” “similar and candy beverages, on-site for and events athletic at machines, vending in the by adopted policy nutrition The fundraisers. school that insure (1) principles: and goals six contains board nutri the improve (2) hungry; goes student OUSD no (3) students; OUSD servedto food all of quality tional - STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE
Alameda County Alameda 30 percent Hispanic, 16 percent Asian, 6 percent percent 6 Asian, percent 16 Hispanic, percent 30 Native percent 1 Islander, Pacific percent 2 Caucasian, American campus Open Sixth largest school district in California, with more more with California, in district school largest Sixth enrolled students 53,000 than reduced- or free for qualify students of percent 51 meals price American, African percent 45 ethnicity: Student ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ community leaders and local health advocates raised raised advocates health local and leaders community contribut were campus on sales soda how about concerns they generated. It appeared that a districtwide contract was was contract districtwide a that appeared It generated. they parents, of group vocal but small a until signed be to going and hopefully generate more revenue for the district. It It district. the for revenue more generate hopefully and school on were machines vending many how unclear was revenue what and machines, these owned who campuses, superintendent introduced the concept of consolidating consolidating of concept the introduced superintendent control more have to level district the at sales beverage Background deputy services business District’s School Unified Oakland Demographics: Region: Region: OAKLAND UNIFIED SCHOOL DISTRICT: SCHOOL UNIFIED OAKLAND SALES FOOD JUNK AND DRINKS SOFT ON BAN 82 the California Endowment. food sales in nine schools as part of a grant awarded by piloting the SB 19 (Chapter 913, Statutes 2001) compliant daily. During the fournext years, the OUSD will be fruit and/or vegetable is available on the lunch menu available daily on the K-12 lunch menu and at least one eliminated from a la carte sales. A vegetarian option is and chicken nuggets. Also, all Hostess products were all traditionally fried items are baked, such as french fries In 2003, all fryers were removed from the schools. Now flavored milk and drinks with 50percent or more juice. as a la carte foods include fruit, shaker salads, 1 percent sizes of products such as chips. Healthy foods offered to eliminate carbonated beverages and reduce portion vendors that offer healthier options. The firststep was the a la carte program and will continue to identify The district is beginning to add healthier foods to extends the policy to middle and high schools. standards to apply to all foods served on campus and sugar drinks. sports OUSD’s policy expands nutritional completely bans caffeinated drinks and some high- unhealthy foods and beverages after school, this policy Unlike some school regulations that allow sales of kind in the state and among the strictest in the nation. Adopted in December 2001, this policy is the first of its Results students and parents until sales can support labor costs. also an issue so initially the salad bars will be operated by business sponsorships or other general funds. Labor is in order to obtain the needed funds, including local new equipment. Various options are being explored
STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT [email protected] (510) 879-8344 Oakland UnifiedSchool District Jennifer LeBarre, Food Service Director For more information, contact: For OUSD Nutrition Policy visit www.csba.org www.ousd.k12.ca.us about making money than good health.” then the message is clear that we care more time we make money by selling unhealthy foods, concerned about their health and at the same thing we do teaches. If we tell them that we are experience life through adult hypocrisy. Every improving the health of our students. Students “Adopting a nutrition policy furthers our goals of — Dan Siegel, School Board Member Oakland Unified SchoolDistrict -
83 (Chapter 913, 913, (Chapter SFUSD’s nutrition standards not only only not standards nutrition SFUSD’s meet district standards. district meet nutrition the of passage the to prior that said Wynns school in and items carte la a as sold foods junk policy, sold food the of half for accounted machines vending the passed, policy the Since district. the throughout for revenue in dip slight a saw department service food back went sales then and months, of couple first the SFUSD’s nutrition policy. “We wanted all of the food to to food the of all wanted “We policy. nutrition SFUSD’s profit not will schools Our them. for good be actually foods.” empty nutritionally selling from co- Kelly Dan Dr. and Wynns members board School childhood address to resolution policy the sponsored youth. among fitness physical of lack and obesity the foods, of content nutritional the addressing Besides types the limits and sizes portion reduces also policy 100 and milk, water, to sold be can that beverages of sweeteners containing beverages No juice. fruit percent sports out rules This sold. be may – artificial or natural – soft- and waters, “vitamin” and flavored most drinks, blends. milk of lines companies’ drink campuses, on machines vending keep may schools While meet that foods with stocked be must machines the cereal, cold include snacks Vended standards. new the or cashews of bags kits, salad chicken or tuna yogurt, and fruit cherries, dried of boxes crisps, soy almonds, which crackers, animal and pretzels jerky, beef bars, grain “We believe it is our role to set a standard,” said Board Board said standard,” a set to role our is it believe “We should school “A Wynns. Jill Commissioner Education of is foods unhealthy eating that message the send never good.” than stringent more are standards nutrition SFUSD’s 19 SB in outlined standards nutrition 2001). Statutes require also but sugar and fat for levels maximum set every at sold foods all in nutrients of levels minimum school. high through elementary – school chips, regular than fat less have example, for chips, Baked their than minerals or vitamins more no contain but SFUSD in sold not are they so counterparts high-calorie bad be not foods the that enough not was “It schools. write helped who parent a Woldow, Dana said kids,” for STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE San Francisco County Francisco San PREHENSIVE NUTRITION POLICY closed campus is left to each school to decide. to school each to left is campus closed Other Non-white/Asian; 10 percent Caucasian; 6.6 6.6 Caucasian; percent 10 Non-white/Asian; Other percent 0.9 Japanese; percent 0.9 Filipino; percent Indian American percent 0.6 Korean; high open some and closed some has district The or open an be to decision The campuses. school More than 58,000 students enrolled students 58,000 than More reduced- or free for qualify students of percent 52 meals priced percent 24 Chinese; percent 31 ethnicity: Student percent 12 American; African percent 15 Latino; M ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ schools. schools. in 2003, also serves as an impetus for expanding and and expanding for impetus an servesas also 2003, in SFUSD activity in physical for opportunities improving Unified School District’s Board of Education unanimously unanimously Education of Board District’s School Unified new bold a set that policy districtwide a approved passed policy, The school. servedat foods for standard Background Francisco San the Calories,” Empty “No of motto a With Region: Region: Demographics: SAN FRANCISCO UNIFIED SCHOOL DISTRICT: CO 84 things and they’re going to the school site councils seekinghealthy foods,” she said. “Now, coaches are selling other“I think we’ve changed the culture of our schools by selling nutrition policy. teams by selling sodas are pretty much on board with the Wynns said that even coaches who were funding their toward an end-of-the-year banquet.” weren’t able to pay for the choir. The funds raised went have to look deeply into these issues. It’s not that they the end of the year,” Wynns said. “Our experience is you clubs were selling foods so they could have a banquet at “Through investigation, we found out that most of these involve the sale of unhealthy foods or beverages. has developed a list of ideas for fundraisers that do not that the district has established an advisory committee that habit of selling foods to fund their activities.” She addedthe schools, but it’s the issue of school clubs that are in saidthe Wynns. “It’s not that they want junk food put back in “We do have some push back from students on this issue,” clubs’ reliance on selling junk food to fund their activities. Another challenge SFUSD must address is the school violating our policy.” at serving less healthy foods. We’re not going to start figuring out how to deal with that, but we’re not looking service work forces in the state. We’re in the process of have increased and we have one of the highest-paid food foods,” said Wynns. “It’s because food costs, in general, service deficit. “But it’s notbecause we’reserving healthy One major challenge SFUSD faces is a growing food Solutions and Challenges schools are now saying, ‘I like our food. I want to eat it.’” ‘coins,’ which are little rounds of potato. The kids in our banned French fries and instead bakedserve potato bigger and bigger and we set limits on them. We also “For instance, the hamburger products were getting “We stopped super-sizing our products,” said Wynns. decreased the amount of fat, sugar, and salt in its foods. this is a positive change as the school lunch program has lunch program has increased. School officials note that up, Wynns said. Additionally, participation in the school STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT will change with the passage of Proposition H, which elementary schools for 30 years,” Wynns said. But that soon address. “There have been no P.E. teachers in our Physical is activity another topic that the district will statistics,” she added. policy first within the district. “We’ve gotsome great student test scores in schools that piloted the nutrition And, indeed, the district has seen the largest gains in “We think making healthier kids makes smarter kids.” policy is a key part of our educational plan,” said Wynns. “I think the most important thing is that the nutrition Results gone a long way to prove that it’s not true.” they could get money was to sell junk food and now we’ve other funds. People had been convinced that the only way http://portal.sfusd.edu [email protected] 415-241-6427 San Francisco UnifiedSchool District Jill Wynns, Board Member For more information contact: save the future.” our elementary schools,” Wynns said. “This is how we preschool and the“We’ll arts. have P.E. teachers back in San Francisco’s public schools – including libraries, sports, provides $20 million in city funding for enrichment of sell junk food and other commercial messages.” their ability to do this with vending machines that dental hygiene in school. Now, we undermine — like learning about the importance of good teachers helped provide basic lessons to kids of the learning environment. It used to be that environments, so nutrition needs to be a part want kids to be healthy and develop in healthy health risks. The fundamental issue is that we against the harm we’re doing to kids in terms of our budget goals, then we have to balance this “If selling junk food to kids is a way to support SFUSD Board of Education — Dr. Dan Kelly, Member,
85 - - generated while selling healthier options. Owning the the Owning options. healthier selling while generated required and expensive become did machines vending operation the make To maintenance. of amount fair a supplied being now are machines efficient, more even CNS allows which company vending independent an by The offered. beverages and food types of the control to vending the and enclosures security the provides vendor a allows This manufacturers. preferred from machines previously. This resulted in a decrease in soda sales. sales. soda in decrease a in resulted This previously. the of percent 68 for accounted sportdrinks and Water smoothies and milk juice, percent 100 sales; beverage percent. 12 only were sodas and percent; 20 were included that CNS with contract a offered was school The it what to similar commission a and perks the of many year first The vendors. private with received previously the than sales in more $200,000 generated school the com in $15,000 nearly received school The year. previous contract. old the under $9,000 versus missions district’s the at program vending the started CNS Recently, the experiencing is It school. high comprehensive second School. High Vista at program vending the as success same Challenges and Issues concern overcoming been has challenge main The school for money losing fear who officials school from the However, changes. the of result a as programs be can funds more that evidence provided school pilot the contracts from other school groups. Contracts were were Contracts groups. school other from contracts the interviews, Student expired. they as CNS by over taken new, what determined availability market and tests taste offered. were products healthier pur by School High Vista at program the piloted CNS to campus on machines vending 17 placing and chasing lunch 33-minute one during students 3,500 servethe not could who students those feed helped This period. lines. lunch long the through get offered they sold, foods the over control had CNS When cheese, cream and bagels as such options, healthier cheese mix, trail fruit, fresh salads, granola, and yogurt bars cream ice fat lower fruit, dried nuts, crackers, and about in only but offered still were Sodas bars. fruit and percent 66 to compared slots vending the of percent 20 - - STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE
ACHINES M San Diego County Diego San Caucasian, 7 percent African American, 3 percent percent 3 American, African percent 7 Caucasian, 2 Islander, Pacific percent 1 Filipino, percent 2 Asian, Other percent high open some and closed some has district The campuses. school Large school district with 25,000 students enrolled students 25,000 with district school Large reduced- or free for qualify students of percent 49 meals price percent 42 Hispanic, percent 43 ethnicity: Student ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ intendent of business services and the director of CNS CNS of director the and services business of intendent manage to began and sales vending district consolidated sound and striving to become the first “junk food-free” food-free” “junk first the become to striving and sound super assistant The area. Diego San the in district school bursable school meal program in the Vista Unified School School Unified Vista the in program meal school bursable was program (CNS) Services Nutrition Child The District. fiscally keeping while foods, these with compete to trying High-fat and sugar-laden foods such as candy, chips and and chips candy, as such foods sugar-laden and High-fat reim the of outside students to sold being were soda Background Demographics: Region: Region: VISTA UNIFIED SCHOOL DISTRICT: HEALTHIER FOODS AND BEVERAGES IN VENDING 86 www.vusd.k12.ca.us/cns [email protected] (760) 726-2170 2217ext. Vista UnifiedSchool District Enid Hohn, R.D., Director of Child Nutrition Services For more information, contact: around campus and it gives CNS more service stations. nates injuries associated with transporting heavy carts to secure mobile food service equipment which elimi over product selection and price. The vendor can be used department fills the machines and has complete control offered, pricing and selections available. Now the CNS The new vending partnerships have improved the services profit of $700 a day with the new, healthier options. money when it was managed by the students to making a CNS to operate the student store, which went from losing beverages sell for $1.00. This success prompted support andfor $1.50, ice cream products cost 50-55 cents, and all than the local stores. Food items cost between 75 cents One of the keys to this success was keeping prices lower Results buy healthier options. reduction in soft drink sales indicates that students will who fought to keep sodas on campus. However, the Another challenge was the initial opposition by students to get started without the huge initial capital outlay. district that wants to “self operate” a vending program STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT that will last alifetime.” will last that habits eating healthy instill to able is services food and foods, healthier drinking and eating are money, more students making the are company vending and schools —the parties all for rewarding been has arrangement “The — Enid Hohn, R.D., Director, Child Nutrition Services Vista Unified SchoolDistrict -
RESOURCES RESOURCES...... 87 87
Western Division Western 110 Ste. Dr., Oaks Gateway 2720 95833-4304 CA Sacramento, 924-3232 DIABETES (916) (800) or 924-0529 (916) Fax: www.diabetes.org Office DC Washington, 480 Ste. NW, Ave., Connecticut 1120 20036 DC Washington, 877-0877 (800) 775-8284 (202) Fax: www.eatright.org American Cancer Society California Division Division SocietyCancerAmerican California Office St. Webster 1710 94612 CA Oakland, 893-7900 (510) or 227-2345 (800) 835-8656 (510) Fax: www.cancer.org AssociationDiabetesAmerican American HeartAmericanCenter Association National Ave. Greenville 7272 TX 75231-4596 Dallas, 242-8721 (800) 259-6891 (650) Fax: www.americanheart.org American Dietetic Association Dietetic American Headquarters 2000 Ste. Plaza, Riverside South 120 IL60606-6995 Chicago, 877-1600 (800) 899-4739 (312) Fax: Hotline) Nutrition (Consumer 366-1655 (800) American Diabetes AssociationDiabetesAmerican Center Service National St. North Beauregard 1701 22311 VA Alexandria, 549-1500 (703) or 342-2383 (800) 549-6995 (703) Fax: www.diabetes.org STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE
examines the impact of the root causes root the impact of the examines “The Learning Connection: The Value of of “TheValue Connection:The Learning Our Activity in Physical and Nutrition Improving Schools” obesity. childhood of Washington, DC Office DC Washington, 800 NWSte. Ave., Massachusetts One 20001 D.C. Washington, www.actionforhealthykids.org Action for Healthy Kids Healthy for Action (800) 227-2345 or (404) 320-3333 (404) or 227-2345 (800) www.cancer.org National Office National NE Rd., Clifton 1599 30329 GA Atlanta, www.aahperd.org/aahe SocietyCancerAmerican (800) 213-7193 ext 437 213-7193 (800) 476-6638 (703) Fax: 1900 Association Dr. Association 1900 20191-1598 VA Reston, www.ipausa.org Education Health AssociationAmerican for Hempstead, NY11549 Hempstead, 463-5176 (516) 463-6275 (516) Fax: American Association for the Child’s Right to Play to Right Child’s the AssociationAmerican for University Hofstra 220 Skokie, IL60076 Skokie, (800)-416-5136 Headquarters Kids Healthy for Action Ste.806 Rd., Golf West 4711 for updates on this resource list. resource this on updates for Kids Healthy for Action nutrition, physical activity and student learning. Readers Readers learning. student activity and physical nutrition, www.csba.org at site Web CSBA’s visit to encouraged are VI. Resources on information for resources of variety a are Following 88 www.publichealthadvocacy.org Fax: (530) 297-6200 (530) 297-6000 Davis, CA 95617 P.O. Box 2309 California Center for Public Health Advocacy www.cahperd.org Fax: (916) 922-0133 (916) 922-3596 Sacramento, CA 95815-2748 1501 El Camino Ave., Ste. 3 Education, Recreation and Dance California forAssociation Health, Physical www.canfit.org Fax: (510) 644-1535 (510) 644-1533 Berkeley, CA 94704 2140 Shattuck Ave., Ste. 610 Program California Adolescent Nutrition and Fitness www.ashaweb.org Fax: (330) 678-4526 (330) 678-1601 Kent, OH 44240 P.O. Box 708 7263 State Route 43 American School Health Association STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT data on overweight and unfit children. in California(2002) Districts,” Assembly “An Epidemic: Overweight and Unfit Children mendations for competitive food standards. Standards,”Food “School (1999) programs in schools and communities. ofstudies nutrition andoutreach physical activity ProgramsActivity for Youth” for “Recipes Success: Nutrition and Physical provides case provides recom provides - www.cde.ca.gov Fax: (916) 319-0100 (916) 319-0791 Sacramento, CA 95814 1430 N St. California of EducationDepartment model healthy eating habits for their students. suggests strategies schools and districts can use to overview of a healthy nutrition environment and Nutrition…By“School Design!” forth key skills and knowledge at each grade level. offer in the instruction of physical education. Sets provides a framework for programs that a school may Standards for California Public Schools” “California’s Physical Education services into a coordinated school health system. resources, and specific actions for integrating nutrition “Eat Well, Learn Well” rooms, and throughout the school environment nutrition messages in child nutrition programs, classsuccess of California children by providing consistenttainable strategies to improve the health and academic“Strategies For Success, Parts I and II” www.cde.ca.gov/nsd/ls/nu/he/shape.asp Fax: (916) 327-0503 (916) 323-7311 or (800) 952-5609 Sacramento, CA 95814 560 J St., Rm. 270 Nutrition Services Division (Shaping in Education)HealthPartners As CaliforniaSHAPE www.cde.ca.gov/ls/nu/ Fax: (916) 327-0503 (800) 952-5609 Sacramento, CA 95814 1430 N St., Rm. 1500 NutritionDivision Services
provides practical ideas, M represents an odel Content showcase sus - - 89 - - - is a tested is provides informa provides ini Kit”ini calculates if foods meet meet foods if calculates is a booklet that that booklet a is provide data on California California on data provide provides interactive and and interactive provides serves as a roadmap for implementing implementing for roadmap a servesas “Playing the Policy Game” Policy the “Playing that activity policies physical and nutrition highlights guidance. adult with pursue can teens Brochure” Parent Run teenagers. the for on “Food activity physical and eating healthy on tion Calculator” Standards “Food 235). (Chapter SB19 in standards nutritional Fax: (916) 552-9912 (916) Fax: www.dhs.ca.gov/ps/cdic/copi/ Project LEAN (Leaders Encouraging California ActivityNutrition) and 7211 MS. 997413, Box P.O. 95899-7413 CA Sacramento, 552-9907 (916) 552-9909 (916) Fax: www.CaliforniaProjectLEAN.org Policies: LocalImplement Wellness to Guide “A Activity Policies Physical and PuttingNutrition Practice” to healthy a achieve to policies wellness school local environment. school Teens” Start “Jump eat to students encouraging lessons crosscurricular action. take and moving keep healthy, Fax: (916) 449-5414 (916) Fax: www.dhs.ca.gov/ps/cdic/cpns “School Idea and Resource M vegetable and consump fruit increase to curriculum activity physical tion and fourth- among levels and fifth-gradechildren. Nutrition and Exercise Eating, Teen “California Chil “California the Survey”(CaITEENS) and Practices Exercise and Eating Healthy dren’s Survey”(CaICHEEPS)” activity habits. physical and eating children’s Initiative Obesity Prevention California 7211 MS. 997413, Box P.O. 95899-7413 CA Sacramento, 552-9889 (916) - -
provide provide STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE provides provides (916) 449-5400 (916) California Nutrition Network and California Networkand Nutrition California 5-a-Day-PowerPlay! Section Nutrition and Prevention Cancer 7204 MS 997413, Box P.O. 94234-7320 CA Sacramento, Sacramento, CA 95899-7413 CA Sacramento, 552-9888 (916) 552-9988 (916) Fax: www.caldiabetes.org California Diabetes Prevention and Control and Prevention Diabetes California Program 7211 MS. 997413, Box P.O. Framework for California’s Public Schools” (1994), (1994), Schools” Public California’s for Framework Education, of Board State the by adopted devel the in districts by used recommendations content programs. and curriculum of opment Fax: (916) 445-7367 (916) Fax: wvvw.cde.ca.gov/cyfsbranch/isp/health Public California’s for Framework Health “The Framework Health “The (2004),” Schools” Education Physical “The and (2002) Addendum” School Health Connections Health School 6408 Ste. St., N 1430 95814 CA Sacramento, 319-0914 (916) “Better Breakfast Better Learning” specific actions school members, superinten board a offer to can take administrators dents, site and program. school breakfast successful Sacramento, CA 95899-7413 CA Sacramento, 440-7400 (916) wvvw.dhs.ca.gov California Department of Health ServicesDepartment Health of California 997413 Box P.O. Fax: (510) 670-4582 (510) Fax: www.californiahealthykids.org 313 W. Winton Ave. Winton W. 313 94544 CA Hayward, 670-4583 (510) California Healthy Kids Resource Center Center KidsResource Healthy California 90 points, case studies, fact sheets and additional resources. to develop policy, answers to legal questions, and talking marketing to children and youth through schools, key steps on school campuses. The tool kit includes information on the issues of marketing unhealthy foods and beverages “Captive Kids: Selling Obesity and Schools” activity policy; and provides sample policies and resources. ommendations for a comprehensive nutrition and physical successfully offer healthy foods and beverages; offers rec status of children and youth; highlights school districts thatnutrition, physical activity and learning; addresses the healthhealthy eating habits. The Guide outlines the link between school environment so students can develop and practice nance leaders with a step-by-step approach to enhance the Policy ResourceActivity Guide” “Student Wellness: A Healthy andFood Physical physical environment. activity reference for high-profile subjects in theschool nutrition/ What Schools Do,”Can “California’s Crisis: Focus onObesity Solutions, students, community members and school decision-makers.district policy on soda and other sugary drinks with parents,resources that can be utilized when discussing school“Taking the Fizz Out of Soda Contracts” school campuses. ties of food and beverage marketing and promotionSchool on Campuses Survey” “Food and Beverage analysis of exclusive beverage contracts in CaliforniaDistricts: schools. Findings & Recommendations” Beverage Contracts in California’s Largest School “2001 Prevalence and Specifics of Districtwide STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT student access to healthy foods at school. of fast foods on California high school campuses andand Recommendations” “California High School Fast Food Survey: Findings M arketing on California High Policy Briefs presents the types and quanti examines the prevalence provides school gover provide a quick provides presents an addresses - - - California Dietetic Association Fax: (916) 651-9709 www.mch.dhs.ca.gov/schoolhealth (916) 653-7746 or 657-1347 Sacramento, CA 95814 714 P St., Rm. 750 Maternal and Child Health Branch School Health Connections www.dhs.ca.gov/epic/sr2s/ www.caphysicalactivity.org Fax: (916) 552-9939 (916) 324-2233 or (888) 393-0353 Sacramento, CA 95899-7413 P.O. Box 997413, MS. 7211 to School Initiative California Center for Physical - SafeActivity Routes www.cfpa.net Fax: (415) 777-4466 (415) 777-4422 San Francisco, CA 94105 116 New Montgomery St., Ste. 530 California Policy Food Advocates www.caelectedwomen.org Fax: (916) 278-3872 (916) 278-3870 Sacramento, CA 95819-6100 J St.,6000 Foley Hall #205 Education and Research California Women’s Elected forAssociation www.dietician.org Fax: (310) 823-0264 (310) 822-0177 Playa Del Rey, CA 90293-8499 7740 W. Manchester Ave., Ste. 102 and appealing food choices. es used by food service directors to provide healthy Service” A Best Practices Guide for Healthy School Food “Improving physical programs. activity building innovative and cost-effective nutrition and “Healthy Education Alternatives” highlights a few of the innovative approach M eal Quality in California’s Schools: is a tool for - 91 Matters provides background background provides outlines children’s children’s outlines explains new state standards for for standards state new explains arketing of Foods and Beverages: Beverages: and Foods of arketing M arket Obesityarket to Children” “Pestering Parents: Food How Companies M types the venues of marketing, food exposure to learning; addresses the health status of children and and children of status health the addresses learning; offer successfully that districts school highlights youth; recommendations offers beverages; and foods healthy policy; activity physical and nutrition comprehensive a for resources. and policies sample provides and “School-based Schools” for Implications critical Policy highlights and activities commercial on information considerations. policy for Implications Standards. Nutrition New “The Wellness” Student suggests and school at provided beverages and food renew they as consider should boards that issues policies. proposed Washington, D.C. 20009-5728 D.C. Washington, 332-9110 (202) 265-4954 (202) Fax: www.cspinet.org 1804 W. Burbank Blvd. Burbank W. 1804 91506 CA Burbank, 842-3040 (818) 843-7423 (818) Fax: www.csfsa.org Society Recreation and Parks State California Blvd. Freeport 7971 95832-9701 CA Sacramento, 665-2777 (916) 655-9149 (916) Fax: Policy Improvement Health for Center 100 Ste. St., 21st 1330 95814 CA Sacramento, 930-9200 (916) 930-9010 (916) Fax: www.healthpolicycoach.org Interest Public the in Science for Center 300 Ste. NW., Ave., Connecticut 1875 California School Nutrition Association Nutrition School California
describes describes STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE eal Primer provides school school provides explores the core core the explores provides information on all aspects of all on information provides aximizing School Board Governance: Policy Governance: BoardSchool Maximizing Activity Policy Resource Guide” Guide” Resource Policy Activity approach step-by-step a with leaders governance can students so environment school the enhance to Guide The habits. eating healthy practice and develop and activity physical nutrition, between link the outlines looks at the board’s role in encouraging and facilitating facilitating and encouraging in role board’s the at looks the in providers services children’s among collaborations community. Physical & Food Healthy A Wellness: “Student “ Adoption” and Development board. the of responsibilities and roles Role” Board’s School The Kids: for “Collaborations the underlying factors that contribute to weight problems problems weight to contribute that factors underlying the the examines and adolescents, and children among child on have obese and overweight being that effects costs. healthcare on and health adolescent and “Overweight Kids: Why Should We Care?” Care?” We Should Why Kids: “Overweight “The State the of Plate - A SchoolM for California” paperwork. to funding to nutrition meals--from school Fax: (916) 669-3351 (916) Fax: www.csba.org West Sacramento, CA 95691 CA Sacramento, West 371-4691 (916) California School BoardsAssociationSchool California Blvd. Beacon 3100 Fax: (916) 654-5829 (916) Fax: www.library.ca.gov Sacramento, CA 95814 CA Sacramento, 653-7843 (916) California Research Bureau Research California II Building Courts and Library 300 Rm. 900St., N Fax: (213) 620-1411 (213) Fax: www.capta.org Los Angeles, CA 90015 CA Angeles, Los 620-1100 (213) California Parent Teacher Association Teacher Parent California St. Georgia 930 92 www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/dash Fax: (404) 639-3111 (404) 639-3311 Atlanta, GA 30333 1600 Clifton Rd. Division of Adolescent and School Health forCenters ControlDisease and Prevention www.cnr.berkeley.edu/cwh Fax: (510) 642-4612 (510) 642-2915 Berkeley, CA 94720-3100 3 Giannini Hall, #3100 Natural Resources University of California Berkeley College of Center for Weight and Health
STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT “ the Child Nutrition and WIC Reauthorization Act of 2004.Activity and Nutrition” National Alliance for Nutrition and Activity, marketing of foods low-nutrition to children. and recommendations for to schools reduce the of that marketingeffect children’s on food choices, and techniques to used market food to children, the community in improving school services. plan and involve teachers, parents, students and the nutrition policies and programs, develop an action and weaknesses of their physical and activity Guide,” Healthy Eating: A Self-Assessment and Planning “School Health Index for Physical Activity and and high schools. 913, Statutes of 2001) standards in piloted middle impacts of the implementation of SB 19 (Chapter Report” Impact “Linking Education,and Food: Fiscal Activity active. ties for young people to eat healthy and be physically ing and mobilizing communities to create opportuni designed to facilitate local-level action by empower Communities Do Can About It” “Children and Weight: What Schools and M odel Local School Wellness Policies on Physical enables schools to identify the strengths provides an evaluation of the fiscal provides model policies to meet is a “how-to” kit
- - Sacramento CA 95834-1901 1101 National Dr., Ste. B Main Office CouncilDairy of California www.ccsso.org Fax: (202) 408-8072 (202) 408-5505 Washington, DC 20001-1431 One Massachusetts Ave., NW, Ste. 700 Council of Chief State School Officers www.nasbe.org Fax: (703) 836-2313 (703) 684-4000 Alexandria, VA 22314 277 South Washington St., Ste. 100 National ofAssociation State ofBoards Education www.iom.edu Fax: (202) 334-1412 (202) 334-2352 Washington DC, 2001 Fifth500 St., NW Institute of www.frac.org Fax: (202) 986-2525 (202) 986-2200 Washington, DC 20009 1875 Connecticut Ave., NW, Ste. 540 Research Food and Action Center www.dairycouncilofca.org Fax: (916) 263-3566 (916) 263-3560 or (866) 572-1359 eating and physical among activity youth. gies most likely to be effective in promoting healthy Activity” Promote Lifelong Healthy Eating and Physical “Guidelines for School Health Programs to of obese children and youth in the United States. IOM to present an action plan to decrease the number Balance,” 2005, “Preventing Childhood Obesity: Health in the M provides recommendations for strate edicine responds to Congress’ charge to the - 93 (703) 390-4599 (703) 476-0988 (703) Fax: www.thesociety.org Fax: (510) 285-5501 (510) Fax: www.phi.org Association Nutrition School 30 Ste. St., Washington South 700 22314 VA Alexandria, 739-3900 (703) 739-3915 (703) Fax: www.schoolnutrition.org Education Nutrition Society for 300 Ste. Dr., Winton 7150 IN46268 Indianapolis, 235-6690 (800) or 328-4627 (317) 280-8527 (317) Fax: www.sne.org DirectorsPhysical Health, of SocietyState of Recreation and Education 100 Ste. Dr., Association 1900 20191-1599 VA Reston, Nutrition.gov across information nutrition portal to a is Nutrition.gov online for allows It agencies. government federal the nutrition. on information government federal to access www.nutrition.gov Sports and Fitness Physical on President’sCouncil 738H Rm. SW, Ave., Independence 200 20201-0004 DC Washington, 690-9000 (202) 690-5211 (202) Fax: www.fitness.gov Institute Health Public Floor 10th St., 12th - 555 94607 CA Oakland, 285-5500 (510) STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE provides an an provides anagement Institute Management “Fit, Healthy and Ready to Learn” to Ready and “Fit,Healthy policies school of development the for tool excellent and eating healthy activity, physical of areas the in prevention. use tobacco Fax: (703) 683-7590 (703) Fax: www.nsba.org Alexandria, VA 22314 VA Alexandria, 838-6722 (703) National School BoardsAssociationSchool National St. Duke 1680 (240) 629-3255 (240) 629-3246 (240) Fax: www.nhlbi.nih.gov P.O. Box 30105 Box P.O. 208-24-0105 MD Bethesda, National Heart, National BloodInstitute and Lung, Center Information (800) 321-3054 (800) 321-3061 (800) Fax: www.nfsmi.org or www.olemiss.edu/depts/nfsmi P.O. Drawer 188 188 Drawer P.O. 38677-0188 MS University, National FoodService National Mississippi of University The Dr. Phillips Jeanette 6 www.5aday.gov Bethesda, MD 20892-7332 MD Bethesda, 496-8520 (301) 496-6637 (301) Fax: National Cancer Institute Cancer National 7332 MSC 4050, EPN Blvd., Executive 6130 www.ncpie.org 5-A-Day National Program Fairfax, VA, 22030 VA, Fairfax, 359-8973 (703) 359-0972 (703) Fax: Education Education 91A Ste. Highway, Lee Old 3929 National Coalition for Parent Involvement in in Involvement Parent for Coalition National 94 www.usda.gov Fax: (703) 305-2276 (202) 720-8732 Washington, DC 20250 14th and Independence Ave., SW Food and Nutrition Services United Statesof AgricultureDepartment www.nutrition.tufts.edu Fax: (617) 636-3737 (617) 636-3223 Boston, MA 02111 150 Harrison Ave. Science and Policy Gerald J. and Dorothy FriedmanR. School of Nutrition Tufts University Nutrition Navigator www.preventioninstitute.org/strategic.html Fax: (510) 663-1280 (510) 444-7738 Oakland, CA 94611 265 29th St. Preventionc/o Institute Environments Strategic Alliance for Healthy andFood Activity STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT ments on a local level. designed to improve nutrition and environ activity gies Tool” (ENACT) “Environmental Nutrition andStrate Activity www.usda.gov/cnpp Fax: (202) 208-2322 (202) 418-2312 Washington, DC 20036 Ste. 200, Lobby North 1120 20th St. NW Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion provides a menu of strategies - - For information on local wellness policies on physical www.fns.usda.gov/tn Fax (703) 305-2549 (703) 305-1624 Alexandria, VA 22302 3101 Park Center Dr., Rm. 632 Team Nutrition, andFood Nutrition Services www.nal.usda.gov/fnic Fax: (301) 504-6409 (301) 504-5719 Beltsville, MD 20705-2351 10301 Baltimore Ave. National Agricultural Library, Room 105 Agricultural Research Service, USDA andFood Nutrition Information Center and beverages sold outside of federal meal programs. tive strategies to improve the nutritional quality of foods districts across the United States to implement innova Stories” “ usda.gov/tn ment. The kit can be ordered online at www.fns. environment and identify areas needing improve als and the community look at their school nutrition school administrators, school food service profession Action” Nutrition Environment: A Guide to Local “Changing the Scene, Improving the School usda.gov/tn/Healthy/wellnesspolicy.html. ReauthorizationWIC Act of 2004, visit www.fns. andactivity nutrition to meet the Child Nutrition and M aking it Happen: School Nutrition Success tells the stories of 32 schools and school is an action kit to help parents, teachers, - - - APPENDIX 95 99 97 ...... n ...... s ...... y Appendix C. Fact Sheet Appendix B. Glossar APPENDIX Appendix A. Special Recognitio 95 PH,R.D. M .S.,R.D. .P.H. M M .A.,R.D. M cWey agnusson, Magnusson, M Cancer Prevention and Nutrition Section Nutrition and Prevention Cancer Services Health of Department California Member Board School District School Unified Vista Los Angeles Unified School District School Unified Angeles Los Services Nutrition Child Director, District School Unified Vista Coordinator Policy Access Food Advocates Policy Food California Consultant, Education Nutrition Division Services Nutrition Education of Department California Consultant Nutrition Health Public Section Nutrition and Prevention Cancer Services Health of Department California Consultant Education Nutrition Food Service Director Service Food District School Unified Monte El Member Board School Former District School Unified Joint Grant Programs Health School Director, Association Boards School National Director Service Food District School Charter Kingsburg Member Board School Enid Hohn, R.D. Hohn, Enid Wanda Grant Wanda Green, Jr. Paul BrendaZ. Greene Grumbles,R.D., SFNS Lynnelle Hayes Genethia Letha LeConté, J. Dill, Dill, LeConté, J. Lewis, Jan ThereseLlanes, Helen - STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE .B.A.,R.D. M .S.,R.D. M PH M Executive Director Executive Advocacy Health Public for Center California School Health Connections Health School Services Health of Department California Member Board School District School Unified Juan San Co-coordinator, Food ServiceFood Co-coordinator, District School Unified Capistrano Initiative Prevention Obesity California School Board Member Board School District School Unified Grove Elk Los Angeles Unified School District School Unified Angeles Los Services Nutrition and Food Director, District School Unified Diablo Mt. California Department of Education Education of Department California Member Board School District School Unified Natomas Member Board School Safe and Healthy Schools Project Director Project Schools Healthy and Safe Education of Boards State of Association National Superintendent Deputy Harold Goldstein,Dr.P.H. Harold Thomaysa Glover Thomaysa Dawn Davey Dawn Priscilla Cox Priscilla Teri Burns Burns Teri Jim Bogden, Jim review and feedback in the development of the “Healthy “Healthy the of development the in feedback and review Guide: this as well as Guide” Resource Policy Food CSBA and California Project LEAN extend their apprecia LEAN their Project extend California and CSBA collaboration, extensive for partners following the to tion VII. Appendix APPENDIX A: SPECIAL RECOGNITION NancyGelbard, Kathleen Corrigan Corrigan Kathleen arlene Canter Marlene 96 Caroline Roberts, Caroline Roberts, Julie Stauss, California Regions LEAN Project Cindy Wong Estelle Werve SpradlingNancy Terri R.D. Soares, Dan Siegel, ESQ. Al Schieder Barbara Ryan Roberson Katy Bill Potts-Datema,
STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT California Department of Health Services California Nutrition Network Nutrition Education Coordinator, Oakland UnifiedSchool District School Board Member Folsom Cordova UnifiedSchool District Food Service Director Santee UnifiedSchool District School Board Member California Department of Education School Health Connections Administrator Coronado UnifiedSchool District School Board Member Harvard School of Public Health Director, Partnerships for Children’s Health Bay Area: Holly Weber Gold Country: Melissa Guajardo California State Parent Teacher Association Vice President, Health Commission San Juan UnifiedSchool District School Board Member United States Department of Agriculture Nutritionist Team Nutrition/CND/FNS California School Nurses Organization Executive Director M PH, R.D. PH, M M PH, R.D. PH, S North Coast:North Joyce Houston and Melissa Martin Central Valley: MinamiPatty Thornton and Andrea Giancoli Los Angeles: Johanna Asarian-Anderson, Shirley Gold Coast: Susan Klucker and Susan Horne Great South: Jeanne Silberstein and Elaine McFadden CentralNorth Coast: Janine Nunez-Robinette Southern Coast: Naomi Butler and Joan Rupp Sierra-Cascade: Karen Bellacera 97 - - - - food items items food -
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inimal Nutritional Value (F Value Nutritional inimal - foods that provide calories primarily through through primarily calories provide that foods -
M Emphasizes fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and fat-free fat-free and grains, whole vegetables, fruits, Emphasizes products; milk and milk low-fat nuts; or and eggs beans, fish, poultry, meats, lean Includes salt and cholesterol, fats, trans fats, saturated in low Is sugars. added and (sodium) ➣ ➣ ➣ providing less than 5 percent of the U.S. Recommended Daily Daily Recommended U.S. the of percent 5 than less Regula providing serving. per nutrients specified eight for Allowances carbonated as (such items these of sale the prohibit tions candies) hard most and ices water gum, chewing served. beverages, being are meals school while area service food the noncar in chips, of sale the restrict not do regulations area These service food the in bars candy most and drinks bonated contribute to the educational objectives of the school. the of objectives educational the to contribute Pyramid Guide “My Food renamed Pyramid Guide Food the 2005, in recom dietary Agriculture includes You,” Healthier a to Steps It age. Pyramid, of years 2 over public general the for fruits, mendations grains, of servings daily recommended the physical includes and salt sugars, fats, beans, meats, milk, vegetables, activity. sport, in Intramurals participate to students all for opportunities school. provide own their within activities recreational and fitness athletics Interscholastic school. one than more involve that sports team and Food Junk vitamins of amounts minimal have and sugars added or fats minerals. and of Foods promotion for staff; 6) counseling and psychological services; services; psychological and counseling 6) staff; for promotion parent/community 8) and environment; school health 7) involvement. Caries Dental decay. tooth bacteria; of action Americans for Guidelines Dietary that: one as diet activities and Extracurricular education regular supplement that programs voluntary - - STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE - Centers for Disease Control Control Disease for Centers - - the development of intelligence, intelligence, of development the - - a ratio of children’s heights and and heights children’s of ratio a - - a disease of the heart or blood blood or heart the of disease a - I) M - foods sold in competition with the the with competition in sold foods - Disease School Health School Foods - a waxy substance made by the liver and also also and liver the by made substance waxy a - - the amount of calcium in a given amount of of amount given a in calcium of amount the - Development - the sale of individual food items in snack bars, bars, snack in items food individual of sale the - - a condition in which the blood is deficient in red red in deficient is blood the which in condition a - ass Index (B Index ass ass M M la carte carte la
nated school health program: 1) health education; 2) physical physical 2) education; health 1) program: health health school 5) nated services; nutrition 4) services; health 3) education; agencies work together to maintain the well-being of young young of well-being the maintain to together work coordi agencies a of components eight the are following The people. Coordinated many Coordinated where facility critical a provide schools which in model periods, including foods of minimal nutritional value (FMNV) (FMNV) value nutritional minimal of foods including periods, candy. certain and soda as such Competitive Competitive Breakfast School the and Program Lunch School National breakfast or lunch designated school’s the during Program conscious thought and problem-solving ability that begins in in begins that ability problem-solving and thought conscious infancy. down and sometimes blocking blood flow to the heart. the to flow blood blocking sometimes and down Cognitive in artery walls. The cholesterol or plaque build-up causes causes build-up plaque or cholesterol The walls. slowing artery in flexible, less and harder thicker, become to arteries poultry, fish and dairy products. High cholesterol is a leading leading a is cholesterol High products. dairy and fish in poultry, cholesterol Excess disease. heart coronary for factor risk deposit) hard thick, (a plaque form can bloodstream the Cholesterol meats, Cholesterol as such products animal through diet the in supplied Cardiovascular Cardiovascular vessels. considered at risk if they are between the 85th and 95th 95th and 85th the between are they if risk at considered percentiles. historic population references. Children are defined as over as defined are Children references. population historic percentile 95th the above or at age for BMI a with are and weight Charts, Growth Control Disease for Centers the of Body Body against compared and sex, and age for plotted weights Bone Bone bone. Anemia Anemia volume. total in or hemoglobin in cells, blood school stores and vending machines that compete with with compete that machines vending and stores school money. and time appetites, students’ for meals school APPENDIX B: GLOSSARY A 98 the consumption of calcium-rich foods during childhoodOsteoporosis kg/m2 or greater. ered obese if he or she has a body mass index (BMI) ofObesity 30 campuses during the school day. campuses at any time and anywhere on middle school beverages from being sold anywhere on elementary schoolAdditionally, state law bans soda and other non-nutritiousthere are no nutrition standards for the foods on thesold list.must come from a list of nutritious options, however,nutrition program by requiring that 50 percent ofState any foodlaw limits food that may be sold outside of theC, federaliron, calcium and energy when analyzed over onethird week. of the RDAs, respectively, for protein, vitaminsand lunches A and must be planned to provide one fourth andless onethan 10 percent of the total calories.) School30 percentbreakfasts of the total calories with saturated fatetables. providing (Guidelines for fat limit it to providinglower no morein fat than and sodium and offered more fruits andGuidelines, veg schools began offering healthier meals enhancedthat were in 1995. In accordance with the U.S. Dietarystandards for the National School Lunch Program werethe nutritional content of foods and beverages. NutritionNutrition Standards USDA nutrition services for some nonprofit private throughschools. state educational agencies or through regionaland Nutrition Service of the U.S. Department of AgricultureNational School Lunch Program is administered by thelished” Food price for lunches. Like the Food Stamp program,by local theschool officials to be unable to pay the “fullAdditional estab assistance is provided for children determinedSchool Lunch Act of 1946) for all children at moderatean adequate cost. supply of foods” (P.L. 79-396, the ofNational the nation’s children by assisting the states- indesigned providing “to help safeguard the health and well-beingNational School Lunch Program/School service area during meal time. that at a minimum, prohibit the sale of FMNV in theor food campus at any time. USDA requires schools to setor thepolicies, sale of any food in other areas of the school building STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT
– a high amount of body fat. A person is consid
– porous bones. Weight-bearing exercise and
– federal, state or local guidelines for M eal Program - - - Soft Drink memory problems, weight gain, impotency, and headaches.cause high blood pressure and other cardiovascularand disease, often for a minute or longer. Untreated, sleeptheir apnea sleep, can sometimes hundreds of times during thewith night untreated sleep apnea stop breathing repeatedlySleep during Apnea Overweight does not always mean over-fat. Body weight comes from fat, muscle, bone and body water.height. It is defined as a body mass index of 25 toOverweight 30 kg/m2. is not possible to make up any deficiencies lateroccurs in life. by reaching optimal bone mass during adolescence,reduce theit risk of osteoporosis later in life. Sinceand adolescenceprevention are critical to ensure peak bone mass and Well Nourished sweating and hard breathing. Vigorous Physical Activity abilities. in delays in cognitive development and problem-solvingor assimilate nutrients properly. Under-nutritionresulting can result from lack of food or failure of the bodyUndernourishment to absorb developing type 2 diabetes. of children and adolescents who are overweight are 2also diabetes commonly occurs in adults, an increasingfollow number a healthy program of diet and exercise. Althoughto inject type insulin or take medicine along with continuinglosing weight to through diet and exercise. They maytype also 2 diabetes need may be able to control their conditionthis by type of diabetes are overweight. Therefore, peoplenot usewith the insulin they make. Most of the people butwho eitherhave do not make enough insulin or their bodiestype 2 dodiabetes. People with type 2 diabetes produce insulin,About 90 to 95 percent of people who have diabetes have2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes mellitus.dependent diabetes mellitus” or “adult-onset diabetes.”Type 2 Diabetes Type drinks and sports drinks.
– includes soda, fruit-flavored and part-juice
– condition of being too heavy for one’s
- Literally means “without breath.” People
– being properly nourished. – previously known as “noninsulin-
– the state of inadequate nutrition
– activities that bring about 99 STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE ough Healthy Food and Fitness Policies Fitness and Food Healthy ough Thr APPENDIX C: FACT SHEETS 100 breakfast and educational achievement. Research shows a direct relationship between a nutritious School Breakfast ties. Studies demonstrate: class, and able to take advantage of educational opportuni more prepared to learn, more likely to attend school and Research shows that healthy, well-nourished children are for students to learn and practice healthy eating habits. to learn and achieve. Schools continue to be a core place and fitness needs are met, they have the cognitive energy on academic achievement. When children’s basic nutritional Improved nutritional status has a positive and direct impact Nutrition Achievement Academic and Activity Physical Nutrition, STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ math grades and reading scores, increased attention, Students who eat breakfast show a general increase in reading and other tests. anemic children tend to do poorly on vocabulary, and impair intellectual performance. Consequently, decrease work capacity, reduce resistance to infection, deficiency can increase fatigue, shorten attention span, problems of children in the United States. Iron Iron deficiency is one of the most prevalent nutritional that are necessary for optimal cognitive function. children of essential vitamins, minerals, fats and proteinsInadequate consumption of key food groups deprives skipping meals. periodic hunger or malnutrition caused by missing or Children’s brain function is diminished by short-term orconcentrate and perform complex tasks. their school performance and their ability to Undernourishment impacts the behavior of children, schools. therefore miss school, resulting in reduced revenues to resist infection and are more likely to become sick, and levels. Undernourished students have less ability to have difficulty concentrating, and have lower energy on standardized achievement tests, are more irritable, Chronically undernourished children attain lower scores 2
4
6 3
5 1 - Research indicates that: increased levels of alertness, mental function and learning. Studies suggest a connection between physical activity and Physical Activity www.CaliforniaProjectLEAN.org California LEAN Project For more information, contact ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ reductions in absenteeism and tardiness. scores, daily attendance and class participation, and Program is associated with increases in academic test Increases in participation in the School Breakfast attitude toward schoolwork, and attain less in class. pay less attention in the late morning, have a negative Children who begin their school day without breakfast reduced nurse visits and improved behaviors. particularly at higher fitness levels. demonstrated higher achievement levels than males, fitness for fifth-, seventh- and ninth-graders. Females Higher achievement is associated with higher levels of common childhood ailments. can help prevent colds and the flu,two of the most immune function. Coupled with good nutrition, it Moderate physical activity has a positive effect on school, and superior academic performance. better attendance, a more positive attitude towards Students participating in daily physical education exhibit learning. adults and children found that physical activity supports A review of results from nearly 200 studies including academics. physical education classes reduces the time for reduced disruptive behavior, even when time for mathematics, reading and writing test scores, and These include increased concentration, improved see positive effects on academic achievement. Schools that offer intense physical activity programs 11
10 13
14 9 12 7 8 101 - - Journal Journal Journal Journal . 1997; 19(3):249-77. 1997; . , Series 3, No. 13 “Does Exercise Exercise “Does 13 No. 3, Series , , New York, NY: John Wiley, 1986. Wiley, John NY: NewYork, , Child Health Behavior: A Behavioral Behavioral A Behavior: Health Child 1997, 67(6): 220-227. See also Kolbe, Kolbe, Seealso 220-227. 67(6): 1997, Research Digest Research Symons, C.W., Cinelli, B., James, T.C., and Groff, P., P., Groff, and T.C., James, B., Cinelli, C.W., Symons, achievement academic and risks health student “Bridging programs,” health school comprehensive through Health School of functions “Appropriate al., et Foreyt, J., L., Green, L.J., and health Improving schools: in education health of and J., Arasteli, N., Krairweer, In performance,” cognitive Eds., M., Cataldo, Perspective Pediatrics S.J., Petreuzzello, D.M., Landers, W., Salazaw, J.l., and fitness Etnier physical of influence “The P. Nowell, & M., Han, meta-analysis.” a functioning: cognitive upon exercise Physiology Exercise and Sport of Between Physical Fitness and Academic Achievement Achievement Academic and Fitness Between Physical Sacramento, Results.” 2004 Test Using California in CA.http://www.cde.ca.gov/ta/tg/pf/documents/ 2004pftresults.doc. National Association for Sport and Physical Education/ SportPhysical Association and for National edu “Physical Children. for Education Physical of Council 2001. education.” complete a to critical is cation Sports, and Fitness June Physical on Council President’s 2001 Infections?” Respiratory and Function Immune Alter “Cali 2005. April Education. Departmentof California Relationship the of Study A Test: Fitness Physical fornia
10. 11. 12. 13. 14. - - - - , STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE 1998; 1998; , 1995, 95(10): 95(10): 1995, , , 1998, 152, 152, 1998, , American Journal of Clinical Nutri Clinical of Journal American , Urbana, IL, ED369579, June 1994. 1994. June IL, ED369579, Urbana, , Journal of the American Dietetic Asso Dietetic American the of Journal American Journal of Diseases of Children of Diseases of Journal American ERIC Digest ERIC , 1995, 95(10): 1134-1139. Minnesota Department of of Department Minnesota 1134-1139. 95(10): 1995, , 68(4):873-79. National Governors Association (NGA) (NGA) Association Governors National 68(4):873-79. Alamitos, CA: 2002. Kieinman, R.E., et al. “Diet, breakfast breakfast “Diet, al. et R.E., Kieinman, 2002. CA: Metab Alamitos, Nutrition Ann children.” in performance a academic make and breakfast “Does E., Pollitt, 1):24-30. 46(suppl 2002; school?” in difference ciation Programs Breakfast “School Learning, and Families Children, 1998. MN: Paul, St. Classroom,” the Energizing 2. Murphy J.M., et al. The relationship of school breakfast breakfast school of relationship The al. et J.M., Murphy 2. cross-sectional functioning: academic and psychosocial to sample. school inner-city an in observations longitudinal and Medicine Adolescent and Pediatrics of risks, Archives health “Students GA. Austin TL, Hanson 152:899-907. California” in Performance Academic the and Los resilience, WestEd. 1). Factsheet Survey Kids Healthy (California 1989, 143: 1234-1239. See also Powell C.A., et al., “Nutrition “Nutrition al., et performance,” C.A., Powell also See 1234-1239. 143: 1989, Rural of Effects the of Trial Randomized A Education: and Children.” School Primary tion Performance Academic “Improving Practices. Best for Center p. 13,2000, October Needs.” Health Student Meeting by Minnesota Department of Children, Families and Learning, Learning, and Families Children, Departmentof Minnesota St. Classroom,” the Energizing Programs Breakfast “School 1998. MN: Paul, Food Policy Advocates, California and Center Media Public 1998. Hungry Minds,” First,Food for “Breakfast school and program breakfast “School al., et A.F., Meyers, learning,” learning,” Sperling, J., Nachmani, M., Pagano, J., Murphy, Seealso school of relationship “The R., Kleinman, and S., Kane, P., functioning,” academic and psychosocial to breakfast Medicine Adolescent Pediatric of Archives 899-907. University, Medford, MA, 1995. Medford, University, Link The Eat: to Learn Learn, to “Eat K.B., Troccoli, National Children,” in Learning Betweenand Nutrition A 1993. DC, Washington, Health/EducationConsortium, Elementary on Clearinghouse ERIC appearsin: summary and nutrition “Children’s Education, Childhood Early and Journal of the American Dietetic Association Dietetic American the of Journal 1134-1139. Policy Children. in Development Cognitive and Nutrition and School University of MA: Tufts Medford, Statement. Pov Hunger, on Center University, Tufts 1995. Nutrition; Between Link the on “Statement Policy, Nutrition and erty, Tufts Children,” in Development Cognitive and Nutrition Position of American Dietetics Association, 2004.Dietetics American of Position Nutri and Poverty, Hunger, on Center University, Tufts Between Nutrition Link the on “Statement Policy, tion University, Tufts Children,” in Development Cognitive and MA, 1994. Medford, school?” in difference a make breakfast “Does E., Pollitt, Bogden, J.F., “Fit, Healthy, and Ready to Learn: A School A Learn: to Ready and Healthy, “Fit, J.F., Bogden, Boards AssociationState of National Policy Guide,” Health 2000. VA, Alexandria, Education, of
9. 8. 7. 6. 5. 4. 2. 3. References 1. 102 Overweight and Obesity Consumption Habits Statistics Health Youth and Nutrition STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ obesity in children. as soda and fruit-flavored drinks, is associated with Consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages, such children become overweight adults. children and about half of overweight school-aged Approximately one-third of overweight preschool California were overweight or at risk for overweight. More than one out of three Latino adolescents in Latino adolescents were most likely to be overweight. overweight. More than one quarter of California’s children are has more than tripled for children aged 6-11 years. aged 2-5 years and adolescents aged 12-19, and it rate has more than doubled for preschool children Over the past three decades, the childhood obesity overweight based on their BMI. 1994); another 15 percent are at risk of becoming the previous reporting period (11 percent in 1988- overweight in 1999-2002, a 45 percent increase over and adolescents ages 6-19 years were classified as Nationally, an estimated 16 percent of children adult deaths in the United States. Obesity is associated with 112,000 annual excess California more than $21.7 billion in medical care. Physical inactivity, obesity, and overweight costs diet and physical activity recommendations. Only 2 percent of teenagers in California met five key soft drinks, candy, cookies, pies and cakes. junk food, such as deep-fried foods, desserts, regular About 25 percent of what adolescents eat is considered resemble the Food Guide Pyramid. respectively), and only 1 percent eat diets that from added fat and sugar (35 percent and 15 percent, American children obtain 50 percent of their calories 9 12 6,7 5
1
11 2 3 4
8 10 Osteoporosis Diabetes www.CaliforniaProjectLEAN.org California LEAN Project For more information, contact Dental Caries ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ number of daily servings of milk products. with only about 1 in 10 consuming the recommended 19) do not meet the recommended intake for calcium, Female adolescents and young adult women (ages 9- diabetes during their lifetime. children of color, are expected to develop type 2 One in three children born in 2000, and half of all that was once limited to adults. 30,000 children have non-insulin-dependent diabetes paralleled the rising rates of obesity. An increase in type 2 diabetes among children has success later in life. performance, poor social relationships and less Poor oral health has been related to decreased school candy increases risk for and severity of tooth decay. Frequent exposure to sugar-sweetened soft drinks and every year because of dental-related illnesses. 17. More than 51 million hours of school time are lost Dental caries affect over 50 percent of youths ages 5- deficiencies later in life. during adolescence, it is not possible to make up any prevention occurs by reaching optimal bone mass to prevent osteoporosis (porous bones). Since are needed for bone development and can help nutrients such as calcium and vitamin D, which milk with soft drinks, they consume fewer valuable 20 years. Soda consumption has almost doubled in the last 17 When children and adolescents replace 20 15 14
13 As many as 16 18 19 103 American Journal of of Journal American , 1992, 82(12): 163-168. 82(12): 1992, , Gift, H.C., Reisine, S.T., and Larach, D.C., “The social social “The D.C., Larach, and S.T., Reisine, Gift,H.C., visits,” and problems dental impactof Health Public stance Association’s Dental Americansupporting “Report Dental American contracts,” certainsoftschool drink on Association,www.ada.org. Neglected A Children: California’s of Health Oral “The Epidemic,”www.dentalhealthfoundation.org/topics/children.
24. 19. 20. - - - , - - , 1997, 1997, , Diabetes STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE , March-April , Pediatrics Journal of Medical of Journal . 2005; 293:1861-7. 2005; . Annual Review of Public Public of Review Annual Nutrition Today Nutrition . 2003; 290:1884-1890. 2003; . , 1991, 12: 309-333. 12: 1991, , Crane, N.T., “National nutrition objectives and the Dietary objectivesthe and nutrition “National N.T., Crane, Americans,” for Guidelines 1998. 1977-1996. March 2000, 23(3): 381-389. 2000,23(3): March Control Disease for Centers the from data Unpublished 2002. April Prevention, and al. et J.P., Boyle, ,K.M., Narayan Venkat Association ship between consumption of sugar-sweetened drinks and and drinks sugar-sweetened of between consumption ship obesity:analysis,” observational prospective, childhood A 505-508. 357: 2001, Lancet, “Emerg W.R., Winter, and J.R., A.L., Joe, Rosenbaum, Care, Diabetes youth,” in type of diabetes 2 epidemic ing Association, Diabetes American 345-354. 2292: 1999, Adolescents,” and Children in Diabetes 2 “Type “One Out of Three Latino Adolescents Overweight or At At Overweightor Adolescents Latino Three of Out “One Health for UCLA Sheet, Center Policy Fact Health Risk,” 2005. April PolicyResearch, in “Obesity Management. Healthcare for Institute National 2004. August Intervention.” Impact and Children: Young “Relation S., Gortmaker, and K.E., Peterson, D.S., Ludwig, Institute of Medicine, “Preventing Childhood Obesity: Childhood “Preventing Medicine, of Institute 2005. Balance,” the in Health Epidem “An Advocacy, Health Public for Center California Assembly California in Children Unfit Overweightand ic: CA, 2002. Davis, Districts,” G. Flores, Alonzo-Diaz,& L., M., Kane, M., Rodriguez, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Cen National Prevention, and Control Disease for Centers OverweightAmong of “Prevalence Statistics, Health for ter 1999-2002.” States, United Adolescents: and Children National Prevention, and Control Disease for Centers Problem, Major a Still “Obesity Statistics, Health for Center October2004. 6, Release, Press Show,” NewData “The Economic Costs of Physical Inactivity, Obesity, and and Obesity, Inactivity, Physical of Costs Economic “The Departmentof California Adults.” California Overweightin Services, Health 2005. M.H. Gail, & D.F., Williamson, B.I., Graubard, K.M., Flegal, Association Medical American of Journal Meredith, C.N., and Dwyer, J.T., “Nutrition and exercise: exercise: and “Nutrition J.T., Dwyer, and C.N., Meredith, health,” Effectsadolescent on Health Oppen, M., Hudes, J., Gregson, M.P., Fierro, S.B., Foerster, and Eating Teens California “ 1998 S., Sugerman, and M., Survey.” Nutrition Exercise Munoz, K.A., Krebs-Smith, S.M., Ballard-Barbash, R., and and R., Ballard-Barbash, S.M., K.A., Krebs-Smith, Munoz, adoles and children US of intakes “Food L.E., Cleveland, recommendations,” with compared cents 323-329. 100: “Continuing Survey of Food Intake by Individuals,” USDA USDA Individuals,” by Food Intake of Survey “Continuing
17. 17. 16. 14. 15. 13. 12. 11. 10. 9. 8. 7. 6. 5. 4. 3. 2. References 1. 104 Overweight/Obesity Physical Activity Rates Physical Fitness Statistics Health Youth and Activity Physical STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ overweight based on their BMI. 1994); another 15 percent are at risk of becoming the previous reporting period (11 percent in 1988- overweight in 1999-2002, a 45 percent increase over and adolescents ages 6-19 years were classified as Nationally, an estimated 16 percent of children adult deaths in the United States. Obesity is associated with 112,000 annual excess California more than $21.7 billion in medical care. Physical inactivity, obesity, and overweight cost respectively). levels than females (70 percent and 56 percent, participate in vigorous physical activities at higher any vigorous activity in the previous month. Males Only 63 percent of California adolescents report age or grade in school increases. Participation in all types of physical activity declines as California state-mandated 200 minutes. over 10 days engaged in physical education versus the Children ages 9-11 spend an average of 152 minutes activity per day. recommended minimum of one hour of physical Only 29 percent of adolescents report getting the standard for aerobic capacity. areas of the test. Only about half met the minimum meet the state’s minimum fitness standards for all six physical fitness test in 2004, 73 percent failed to nine who were tested with the state’s mandated Among California children in grades five, seven and physically fit. Nearly 40 percent of California children are not 1 6 3 2 9 5 8 4 7 Fore Fore more information, contact www.CaliforniaProjectLEAN.org California LEAN Project ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ children become overweight adults. children and about half of overweight school-aged Approximately one-third of overweight preschool has more than tripled for children aged 6-11 years. aged 2-5 years and adolescents aged 12-19, and it rate has more than doubled for preschool children Over the past three decades, the childhood obesity California were overweight or at risk for overweight. More than one out of three Latino adolescents in Latino adolescents were most likely to be overweight. overweight. More than one quarter of California’s children are 11 13 10 12 105 - - - Journal Journal STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE An Epidemic: Epidemic: An . Public Health Institute, Institute, Health Public . Profiling Body Weight Weight Body Profiling . 2005; 293:1861-7. 2005; . , UCLA Center for Health Health for UCLA , Center . See also Seealso . 1998 California Teens Eating and and Eating Teens California 1998 Preventing Childhood Obesity: Childhood Preventing , 2005. , , Davis, CA, 2002. Davis, , Health Policy Sheet Health Fact Flegal Rodriguez, M., Kane, M., Alonzo-Diaz, G. L. Flores, M., Kane, M., Rodriguez, Flegal At Overweightor Adolescents Latino Three of Out “One Risk,” 2005. April PolicyResearch, in “Obesity Management. Healthcare for Institute National 2004. August Intervention.” Impact and Children: Young New Data Show,” Press Release, October2004. 6, Release, Press Show,” NewData Medicine, of Institute Balance the in Health Advocacy, Health Public for Center California Assembly California in Children Unfit Overweightand Districts of American Medical Association Medical American of Cen National Prevention, and Control Disease for Centers OverweightAmong of “Prevalence Statistics, Health for ter See 1999-2002.” States, United Adolescents: and Children National Prevention, and Control Disease for Centers also Problem, Major a Still “Obesity Statistics, Health for Center California’s Adults, Adolescents, and Children: Findings Findings Children: and Adolescents, Adults, California’s 2004. May Sacramento, 2001, CHIS from Eco Services.“The Health 2005. Department of California Overweight and Obesity, Inactivity, Physical of Costs nomic CA. Sacramento, Adults.” California in MH. Gail DF, BI,Williamson KM,Graubard Flegal Berkeley, CA, 2000. Berkeley, Ibid. Services, Centers Human and Health Departmentof U.S. Activity and “Physical Prevention. and Control Disease for 1996. July General.” Surgeon Reportthe A of Health: Services, of Health Health Departmentof California California students,” News Release #04-102. November News#04-102. Release students,” California 2004, www.cde.ca.gov. 24, Oppen, J. Hudes, J., Gregson, M.P., Fierro, S.B., Foerster, S. Sugarman, and M., Survey Nutrition Exercise Use-Media Highlights Tobacco and California Center for Public Health Advocacy. “An Epidem “An Advocacy. Health Public for Center California Assembly California in Children Unfit Overweightand ic: CA, 2002. Davis, Districts,” Chief Schools “State Education. Departmentof California for results fitness 2004 physical announces O’Connell
13. 12. 10. 11. 9. 8. 7. 6. 4. 5. 3. 2. 1. 106 • • • • • • • • Youth and Children to Marketing In-School STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT
marketers spend at least $15 billion a year targeting children shot from $6.2 billion to $12 billion. TodayFrom 1992-1997 the amount spent marketing to food product. and behaviors among children toward the advertised associated with more favorable attitudes, preferences, Studies suggest that food advertising and marketing is and youth. profile of new foods and beverages targeted to children calories, sugar, or fat and low in nutrients dominated theOverall, in the period 1994-2004, products high in total percent), and fruit and vegetables (3.4candy percent). (16.8 percent), cereal (6.8 percent),made by children, fast foods representing (3.6 snack Foodfoods accounts (23.9 percent),for over half (54.5 percent) of total requestsrequests, purchases and diets. beverages to children influences their preferences, There is strong evidence that marketing of foods and and calories. before with marketing for foods high in sugar,United fat, salt,States (US), yet US children are targetedChildhood as never obesity is a major public health problem in the without being asked or told. buy the products and brands that their children prefer determined by children, is when parents know and of the nearly $500 billion in 1997 household spending influence, which accounted for as much as $300 billion children’s requests, hints, and demands. Indirect direct and indirect influence. Direct influence describes Children determine parental spending in two ways: 12-14 year olds, and $90 billion for 15-17 yearyear olds.olds, $65 billion for 9-11 year olds, $80 billionwith for age: $15 billion for 3-5 year olds, $45 billion forEach 6-8 year the purchase influence of children increases children and youth in America. $10 billion per year marketing foods and beverages to children. And, the food industry spends an estimated • • • • • • • •
- - - - bottlers, and fast food restaurants, are among the Candy and snack food manufacturers, soft drink will be in their best interest. are asked to believe that what they are taught in school because in schools children are a captive audience and Marketing to children in schools is especially problematic consumption and relatively unhealthy studentsdietary choices. and using food as a reward canAdvertising encourage andover- marketing less healthful food products to selections at school. school campuses have an effect on student’s food Studies have shown that labeling and signage on Marketing exploits children’s developmental vulnerabilities.favors the company or its economic agenda.” of the sponsor’s product or service or a position that plete, “promoting a viewpoint that favors consumption materials found nearly 80 percent to be biased or incom A review of 77 corporate-sponsored classroom kits and million students nationwide. shows ads for soda, candy, fast food, and chips to eight Channel One, in more than 12,000 schools, regularly Among California high schools: companies that market most heavily in schools.
placement as advertising. children fail sometimes to recognize product commercials and program content. Even older Very young children can’t distinguish between stand advertising’s persuasive intent. Until the age of about eight children do not under boards or signs (31 percent), and posters (23 percent).ments are on vending machines (48 percent), score The most common fast food or beverage advertise such advertising. beverages on campus, while only 13 percent prohibit Nearly 72 percent allow advertising for fast food and - - - - 107 - - Education Policy Studies Studies Policy Education Health, School of Journal Available at: http://www. at: Available
Institute of Medicine of the National Academies. (2004). (2004). Academies. National the of Medicine of Institute Craypo, L., Purcell, A., Samuels, S., and Agron P., Fast Food Food Fast P., Agron and S., Samuels, A., Purcell, L., Craypo, Consumers Union. (1998), Captive Kids: a report on com on report a Kids: Captive (1998), Union. Consumers Reid, L. and Gedissman, A. (2000, November). Required TV Required November). (2000, A. Gedissman, and L. Reid, Molnar, Alex. (2003, June). School Commercialism, Student Student Commercialism, School June). (2003, Alex. Molnar, Campaign for a Commercial Free Childhood, Marketing to to Marketing Childhood, Free Commercial a for Campaign US Department of Health and Human Services. (2001). (2001). Services. Human and Health of Department US Preventing Childhood Obesity: Health in the Balance. Washington Washington Balance. the in Health Obesity: Childhood Preventing Medicine. of Institute DC: 19. www.commericalfreechildhood.org Overview, An Children: Health, and the Pressure To Do More With Less. Commercialism in in 13. Commercialism Less. With More Do To Pressure the and Health, (CERU). Unit Research Leader Education Educational of Division Education. of College Laboratory. University. State Arizona Studies. Policy and ship 14. California 2000 the from Results Campuses: School High on Sales Survey,” Food Fast School High 78-82. 72(2): 2002, 15. News. AAP choices. lifestyle poor encourages schools in program Pediatrics of Academy American aap.org/advocacy/reid1100.htm Consumers 16. DC: Washington, school. in kids on pressure mercial 3. Union 17. Prevention issue. health public major A obesity: and Overweight 16. Report, 18. ------STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE Statement. Statement. Education Policy Studies Studies Policy Education Safety Guidelines for for Guidelines Safety the American Medical As Medical American the 2006. Science, Review, Nutrition and Science, 2006. Science, Review, Nutrition and 2006. Science, Special Section, Legal Ap Legal Section, Special
Centre for Social Marketing. Social for Centre
Marketers often use older children’s desire to fit in in fit to desire children’s older use often Marketers against rebel to tendency a and peers their with products. their for points selling as figures authority
Molnar, Alex. (2003, June). School Commercialism, Student Student Commercialism, School June). (2003, Alex. Molnar, “Does Food Promotion Influence Children? A Systematic Re Systematic A Children? Influence Promotion Food “Does US Department of Health and Human Services. Health Re Health Services. Human and Health of Department US - “Food Marketing to Children and Youth: Threat or Opportu or Threat Youth: and Children to Marketing “Food “Food Marketing to Children and Youth: Threat or Opportu or Threat Youth: and Children to Marketing “Food Kraak, Vivica and Pelletier, David L. (1998). The Influence of Influence The (1998). L. David Pelletier, and Vivica Kraak, Ogden, C.L., Flegal, K.M., Carroll, M.D. & Johnson, C.L. (2002). (2002). C.L. Johnson, & M.D. Carroll, K.M., Flegal, C.L., Ogden, Kraak, Vivica and Pelletier, David L. (1998). The Influence of Influence The (1998). L. David Pelletier, and Vivica Kraak, American Public Health Association. (2003). Food Marketing Marketing Food (2003). Association. Health Public American McNeal, James U. (1998, April). Tapping the Three Kids’ Mar Kids’ Three the Tapping April). (1998, U. James McNeal, Linn, Susan E. (2004). Food Marketing to Children in the the in Children to Marketing Food (2004). E. Susan Linn, “Food Marketing to Children and Youth: Threat or Opportu or Threat Youth: and Children to Marketing “Food Laboratory. College of Education. Division of Educational Leader Educational of Division Education. of College Laboratory. University. State Arizona Studies. Policy and ship Health, and the Pressure To Do More With Less. Commercialism in in 12. Commercialism Less. With More Do To Pressure the and Health, (CERU). Unit Research Education Schools. Available at http://www.nationalguidelines.org/guideline. at Available Schools. cfm?guideNum=5-10 11. Health 11. Child and Maternal Administration. Services and sources and Health, Mental Health, Bureau. ket. American Demographics, 20 (4). (4). 20 Demographics, American ket. Agency; 10. Standards Food Hastings; G. 2004; Evidence.” the of view Strathclyde of University 11(3): 15-24. 11(3): 9. Commercialism on the Food Purchasing Behavior of Children and and 8. Children of Behavior Purchasing Food the on Commercialism Economics Family Youth. Teenage sociation, 288: 1728-32. 288: sociation, Institute 7. DC), (Washington, Press, Academies National The nity?” of Academies National Medicine of Prevalence and trends in overweight among US children and and 6. children US among overweight in trends and Prevalence of Journal 1999-2000. adolescents, Association News. Available at http://www.apha.org/legislative/ at Available News. Association policy/2003/2003-017.pdf 5. 5. Impli Adolescents: and Children at Directed Advertising and 11(3): 15-24. 11(3): Institute 4. DC), (Washington, Press, Academies National The nity?” of Academies National Medicine of Commercialism on the Food Purchasing Behavior of Children and and 3. Children of Behavior Purchasing Food the on Commercialism Economics Family Youth. Teenage nity?” The National Academies Press, (Washington, DC), Institute Institute 2. DC), (Washington, Press, Academies National The nity?” of Academies National Medicine of Context of a Marketing Maelstrom. Journal of Public Health Policy: Policy: 1. Health Public of Journal Maelstrom. Marketing a of Context Institute Advocacy Health Public 24-35. 3/4: Numbers 25 Epidemic, Obesity the to proaches References 03/06 cations for Overweight. Policy Policy Overweight. for cations 108 Findings: tions are based on responses from both of the surveys. Food Survey. “ The following findings and recommenda described by the initial “2000 California High School Fast campuses, and (2) identify new issues that were not determine the extent of fast food sales on high school food choices. The primary research objectives were to (1) ment in which California high school students make tion that described the forces that shape the environ The purpose of the 2003 survey was to gather informa and 2003 “California High School Fast Food Surveys.” Encouraging andActivity Nutrition) on both the 2000 sociates to work with California (Leaders Project LEAN The Public Health Institute commissioned Samuels & As Research and Methods: Survey Food Fast School High California STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ brands (24 percent). Domino’s Pizza (25 percent), and school district percent), Pepsi (32 percent), Taco Bell (26 percent), beverages sold through food service were Coke (36 The most frequently reported brands of foods and and soda (71 percent). percent), cookies (72 percent), burritos (71 percent), school campuses were chips (75 percent), pizza (73 The most frequent a la carte items sold on high programs (17 percent). extracurricular activities (20 percent), and athletic facilities and equipment improvements (30 percent), school operations including food service (70 percent), Fast food profits are used to support a variety of their food service operating budgets. pizza, chips, and soda generated up to 60 percent of 63 percent reported that a la carte items such as the red (29 percent). percent) and 2) fast foods keep food service out of selling fast foods are: 1) students like fast foods (65 The two primary reasons that school districts report selling fast foods as a la carte items. 95 percent of responding school districts reported - - - - Recommendations: California LEAN. Project For more information, contact Food Survey. Visit www.CaliforniaProjectLEAN.org and search for Fast Full Reports: ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ beverage company promotions. Examine the use of schools as a channel for food and meet state nutrient standards. Eliminate the sale of foods and beverages that do not foods. revenue that are not based on the sale of unhealthy Explore new opportunities to generate support and 50 percent. rates in the National School Lunch Program are below 67 percent reported that overall student participation fast food or beverage companies. 18 percent reported contracting promotion rights to campus to decrease competition. Give food service control over all food sales on and beverages they can sell. school districts more control over the types of foods beverage advertising at school, which will in turn give vendors in order to decrease unhealthy food and Eliminate exclusive contracts with food and beverage
109 Minimize the amount given back to outside outside to back given amount the Minimize organizations. and businesses more have students ensure that policies district ones. school Set unhealthy to than beverages healthy to access events promotional and advertising school Eliminate beverages. unhealthy promote that per student population, the location, hours of hours location, the of population, per student times. all at be stocked to inventory and operation the can limit that language Some contracts contain can be disclosed legally that information of amount public. the to company soda and district school the both Because beverages of volume the to directly tied are income greater the sold, beverages more the campus, on sold company. soda the and district the for revenue the they so adequately activities student and schools Fund consumption drink soft children’s on rely to have not do needs. extracurricular and educational fund to 100 like beverages healthy for prices lower Set milk. low-fat and water juice, fruit percent money the that ensure utilized, are fundraisers When community and families students, by provided school. the to goes overwhelmingly members control over the beverages sold at school, directly directly school, at sold beverages the over control choices. nutritional students’ affecting a included examined contracts five the of one Only students. to available products the of analysis nutrient through students to advertise companies Soda but including, contracts by dictated mediums various programs, software donations, product to, limited not and clothing, signage, marquees, and scoreboards supplies. school their through mandate, Some soda companies required machines vending of contracts, number the ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ Advertising and Promotion Recommendations Financial Factors STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE report contain provisions that limit school district district school limit that provisions contain report contracts varied in terms of sales and advertising advertising and sales of terms in varied contracts by governed not are contracts These characteristics. general a by or policies statewide comprehensive administrators. district among consensus this in examined contracts beverage district The school-level contracting. school-level to tactics of variety a use companies drink Soft setting. school the onto sales soda incorporate company soda same the found study the Although the contracts, districtwide five the of four holds Soda is available to students in all of the school school the of all in students to available is Soda and district-level through responded that districts ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ Findings contracts and seeks to explain provisions that could have have could that provisions explain seeks to and contracts health. children’s for ramifications of and the large dollar sums involved in districtwide in involved sums dollar large the and of districtwide five the at looksclosely report this contracts, soda availability to individual school site administrators. administrators. site school individual to availability soda soda manage to contracts districtwide utilize districts Five nature high-profile the of Because students. to sales school-controlled contracts and soda sales agreements. agreements. sales soda and contracts school-controlled for responsibility delegate districts school cases, 15 In an 80 percent response rate. All districts indicated that that indicated districts All rate. response 80percent an through district the within students to available was soda contracts, districtwide as such mechanisms, various state’s 6 million student population. population. student million 6 state’s for questionnaire the completed 20 districts, 25 the Of 2001, surveyed the state’s 25 largest school districts with with districts school largest 25 state’s the surveyed 2001, the of one-third representing enrollment combined a better understand how soda consumption and sales sales and consumption soda how understand better school public California’s of landscape the affecting are in conducted study, The health. children’s and system California Project LEAN (Leaders Encouraging Activity Encouraging LEAN Project (Leaders California to study comprehensive a conduct to Nutrition) and Research and Method and Research Public the commissioned Endowment California The with work to Associates & Samuels and Institute Health School Districts Prevalence and Specifics of Districtwide Beverage Contracts in California’s Largest 110 California LEAN Project For more information, contact study. Visit www.CaliforniaProjectLEAN.org and search for soda Full Reports: Beverage Contract Administration School District Control STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ district’s overall child nutrition program Administer beverage contracts as a part of the school evaluate and improve school district beverage policy. parents and community health professionals to Establish a committee of school personnel, students, needs. cancellation of the contract to meet student health review of the contract, including changes or Set contract provisions that allow for yearly public associated with their beverage contracts. districts from sharing with the general public all facts Eliminate confidentiality clauses that prohibit school and school districts. entering into a beverage contract at individual schools Widely publicize and solicit public comment before and advertising at school. company control, over all aspects of beverage sales Establish autonomous school district control, not soda athletes. provides adequate re-hydration for most student Educate school personnel and students that water
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Encouraged products include foods that children should eat eat should children that foods include products Encouraged Discouraged products include foods that children should eat eat should children that foods include products Discouraged Ninety-four percent of the marketing activities activities marketing the of percent Ninety-four associated companies by conducted were reported foods. sugar high fat, high with district a reported schools the of Forty-five percent these of none but marketing, addressed that policy of marketing banned or limited explicitly policies beverages. and foods unhealthy represent schools high public 20 assessed survey The in backgrounds economic and ethnic of variety a ing California. throughout counties 13 Less than 28 percent of all posters and signage for for signage and posters all of percent 28 than Less “encouraged for were products beverage and food products.” ads vending the of (65%) three of twoout Nearly sports or drinks. beverages sweetened soda, for were on displayed logos the of percent Seventy-one as such beverages sweetened for were equipment the of percent eight only while sports drinks and soda brand-name for were equipment on displayed logos water.
References sodium, and sugar 1. fat, trans fat, saturated fat, in high are cookies, of, less candy, chips, include: Examples nutrients. in low are and beverages. sweetened other and drinks sports soda, sodium, and sugar 2. fat, trans fat, saturated fat, in low are of, more vegetables, fruits, include: Examples nutrients. in high are and water. and dairy low-fat grains, whole School Board Policies Board School • Survey the About • Reports: Full for search and www.CaliforniaProjectLEAN.org Visit study. marketing LEAN Project California contact information, more For • • • • - STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE More than half (60%) of the posters and signage for for signage and posters the of (60%) half than More “discouraged for were products beverage and food and soda candy, like beverages and food – products” chips. Corporate incentive programs incentive Corporate adver beverages and food types of of Descriptions location each in tised Market research activities such as surveys, focus focus surveys, as such activities research Market panels tasting and groups curriculum corporate-sponsored of Presence Print advertising in newsletters, school papers and and papers school newsletters, in advertising Print yearbooks product as such events marketing beverage and Food tests taste and coupons give-aways, coolers), sports/band uniforms, cups, napkins, book napkins, cups, sports/band uniforms, coolers), supplies school other and covers radio school One, Channel on advertising Electronic sites Web school and stations walls, scoreboards and sports arenas and scoreboards walls, machines vending on Advertising such accessories or equipment on logos or Advertising beverage (including equipment education physical as: The survey tool was developed and utilized to assess assess to utilized and developed was tool survey The marketing beverage and food types of following the campuses: school high on including facilities school on displayed Advertisements To identify the types of food and beverage marketing marketing beverage and food types of the identify To campuses. school high on present advertising and
Key Findings Key • Survey Tool Survey • Survey Goal Survey • Finding and Recommendations Food and Beverage Marketing on California High School Campuses Survey: • • • • • • • • • • 112 Food Services from the SHPPS conducted in 2000. district, school and classroom levels. Following are results the school health policies and programs at the state, SHPPS is a national survey periodically conducted to assess Research Study Program and Policies Health School STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ elementary school teachers who provided nutrition Among teachers of required health education, and other baked goods that are not low in fat. juice; salty snacks that are not low in fat; and cookies sports drinks, or fruit juices that are not 100 percent food or beverages — most commonly soft drinks, canteen or snack bar where students can purchase have either a vending machine or a school store, junior high, and 98.2 percent of senior high schools 43.0 percent of elementary, 73.9 percent of middle/ and minerals) in these settings. added sugars and have minimal amounts of vitamins food that provides calories primarily through fats or stands; 12.4 percent of schools prohibit junk food (i.e.,student parties, after-school programs, and concession be offered at settings outside the cafeteria, such as 20.8 percent of schools require fruits or vegetables to taste tests with students. content of foods available, and 34.7 percent conducted students with information on the nutrition and caloric school food service program, 40.5 percent provided percent collected suggestions from students about the During the 12 months preceding the study, 54.9 20 minutes to eat lunch once they are seated. 19.7 percent of schools usually give students less than pizza, hamburgers, or sandwiches (56.2 percent). baked goods that are not low in fat (59.2 percent); and 100 percent fruit or vegetable juice (62.9 percent); carte are fruits or vegetables (73.6 percent of schools); The foods and beverages most commonly offered a la whole milk. these schools in a typical week is either 2 percent or level, on average 62.8 percent of all milk ordered by Among schools in which food is ordered at the school
Activity Physical Education/ Physical Control and Prevention at www.cdc.gov/shpps For more information visit the forCenters Disease ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ elementary schools; 225 minutes per week for middle/ education or its equivalent (150 minutes per week for percent of senior high schools provide daily physical 5), 6.4 percent of middle/junior high schools, and 5.8 consistently lower than those for grades 1 through kindergarten, which has requirements that are 8 percent of elementary schools (excluding teachers spent a median of five hours. spent a median of four hours, and senior high school teaching the topic, middle/junior high school teachers education spent a median of five hours per school year school vacations. school, after school, evenings, weekends, or during during one or more of the following times: before of schools and for adults in 56.6 percent of schools unsupervised programs for children in 71.6 percent sponsored sports teams, classes, “open gym,” or Physical activity facilities are used for community- and participation in vocational training. in other school courses, participation in school sports, participation in community service activities, enrollment activities, participation in community sports activities, competency test scores, participation in other school or more of the following reasons: high physical from required physical education courses for one percent of senior high schools exempt students 25.3 percent of middle/junior high schools and 40 and participation in community service activities. activities, participation in community sports activities, competency test scores, participation in other school or more of the following reasons: high physical from required physical education courses for one 16.7 percent of elementary schools exempt students year for students in all grades in the school. junior and senior high schools) for the entire school 113
from a play) a from (goods, auction silent or live a with fundraiser Dinner talents) and services fee) exhibit an (charge fair job Community names donor engraved with Bricks sales Candles/crafts/books/plant for sold insurance ($1 insurance Halloween Usually Halloween. after day the cleanup guaranteed tipped.) volunteers and ups clean minimal (sell events sporting at cushions seat Sell businesses) local for cushions on advertisements sale rummage or clothing School involved or sports in kids with (parents nights Bingo tables) the man organizations in Catering (district food service department caters caters department service food (district Catering events) Workshop/class Conference hunt hunt/scavenger Treasure competition Tennis/horseshoe trees cans/bottles/paper/Christmas Recycling tournament Golf mow gardens, water leaves, (rake Rent-a-teen-helper dog) wash lawns, in money place to students for jars money or Auction increments, set at kids for something does (teacher scene a out act cheers, do cheerleader, a as dress e.g. ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣
For more information, contact information, more For Project LEAN California Health Public County Shasta from excerpted Ideas Department Things that involve the community the involve that Things STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE School event planners (includes all school event dates) event school all (includes planners event School assembled by students). Check your local laws laws local your Check students). by assembled raffles. governing T-shirts/caps end money, raise to jobs odd for volunteer Students volunteers for held dance and dinner day “work” of Magic show Magic portraits Family/glamour quarters +5, nickels point, +1 (pennies wars Penny wins) points most with team +25, baskets theme bags, theme passes, (movie Raffle Carnivals (Halloween, Easter) (Halloween, Carnivals Hawkins) Sadie family, father/daughter, (kids, Dances night/bowl-a-thon Bowling night/skate-a-thon Skate activity) silly a do (teachers Raffles to the center gets half of the money sold.) money the of half gets center the to telegrams Singing businesses (local contest shows/recital/lip-sync Talent raffle) for items donate fairs science bees; spelling Read-a-thon; bagels and juice) and bagels plays team hockey (A rink” the at puck a “Chuck the of periods 3rd and 2nd the between game this $1. for sold and numbered is puck Each game. hockey closest one the and ice the on them throws Everyone a-thon for $40 team a (charge tournament basketball 3-on-3 prizes) donate businesses local entrance; per pledges for ask gifts, as tickets (pre-sell wash Car coffee, with stand food a operate advance, in car Gift wrapping, such as gift wrapping for donations at at donations for wrapping gift as such wrapping, Gift holidays during bookstore child each (pre-kindergarten: walk-a-thon runs; Fun 8 to up – walked lap each for sponsorship gets sled- jump-rope-a-thon; bike-a-thon; lap); per laps/$1 ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ Things to do to Things Creative School Fundraising Ideas 114 ing in the school meal programs. a punishment for any child enrolled in a school participat Department of Agriculture prohibits withholding meals as be withheld as a means of punishing children. The U.S. and a healthy body weight. In addition, food should not activities that are important for maintaining wellness children with physical might activity lead them to avoid things that are used as punishments. Thus, penalizing as running laps or pushups. Children often learn to dislike punishment is forcing children to do physical such activity nities for physical activity. Another counter-productive education classes reduces their already-scarce opportu Punishing children by taking away recess or physical not be linked to punishment Physical activity and food should unhealthy eating or obesity. ing themselves with food behaviors associated with and can instill lifetime habits of rewarding or comfort children to eat treats even when they are not hungry connects food to mood. This practice can encourage Providing food based on performance or behavior children The harm in using food to reward classroom parties. using foods of poor nutritional quality, including at mance. At a minimum, children should not be rewarded to reward children for good behavior or academic perfor academic performance. The best policy is not to use food provide positive reinforcement for children’s behavior and A wide variety of alternative rewards can be used to diets and health and reinforce unhealthful eating habits. candy and other foods that can undermine children’s Rewarding children in the classroom need not involve While Protecting Children’s Health Habits Good Promoting Rewards: Classroom Constructive STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT - - - - 2 worth as a person. mean a lot. ofThese types social rewards affirm a child’s praise (including in front of others), nods, or smiles can food. Simple gestures like pats on the shoulder, verbal are often more highly valued by children than a toy or “Social rewards” involve attention, praise, or thanks and 1. Inexpensive — Rewards forExamples of BeneficialChildren — and 3 . . ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣
Recognition Social rewards Privileges achievement or a sticker with an affirming message Trophy, plaque, ribbon, or certificate in recognition of Taking care of the class animal for a day Writing or drawing on the blackboard/whiteboard Designing a class or hall bulletin board Taking a walk with the principal or teacher Going to the library to select a book to read Listening with a headset to a book on tape or CD Eating lunch with a teacher or principal Helping in another classroom Reading the school-wide morning announcements Reading to a younger class Playing an educational computer or other game Teaching the class “No homework” pass Having an extra few minutes of recess with a friend Helping the teacher Choosing a class activity Going first his or her achievement A note from the teacher to the student commending guardians commending a child’s accomplishment A phone call, email, or letter sent home to parents or the school A photo recognition board in a prominent location in morning announcements and/or the school’s website Recognizing a child’s achievement on the school-wide (e.g., “Great job”)
115 STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE
Bookmarks Highlighters chalk) sidewalk (e.g., Chalk Markers books Coloring Notepads/notebooks crayons of Boxes Stencils Stamps scissors Plastic A book read aloud to the class by the teacher the by class the to aloud read book A decorations other or logos, with colored, Pencils: Pens Erasers Extra art, music, PE, or reading time reading or PE, music, art, Extra working while music to Listening music to Dancing together puzzle a doing or game a Playing day the of end the at time choice” “Free Extra recess Extra outdoors lunch Eating first lunchroom the to Going outdoors Reading outdoors class Holding Allowing a child to choose an extra recess activity for for activity recess extra an choose to child a Allowing birthday his/her on class the School supplies School Rewards for a class a for Rewards
➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ . .
Excerpted from the Center for Science for Center the from Excerpted Interest Public the in www.cspinet.org 5 4 116 strengthened in this coordinated, concentrated effort. eliminate duplication and gaps. Resources and energy are the health of young people in a school setting and to and community working in a coordinated way to support component model involves the entire school system, home students can be in the classroom and learning. The eight- to fulfill youngpeople’s over-all health* needsso that essential components, with the ultimate goal being between health and education. It contains eight The coordinated school health aproach embraces the link Program Health School Coordinated STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT The 8 components of coordinated health physically active for life. knowledge, attitudes and confidence to be that provides students with the skills, School-based instructional program Physical education ment for learning. plant and a healthy, supportive environ social climate, providing a safe physical The school’s physical, emotional and Healthy school environment young people. and expertise in supporting the health of community groups to maximize resources Partnerships among schools, parents and Family and community involvement dimensions of health. physical, mental, emotional and social Classroom instruction that addresses the Health education -
students. working its parts, to benefit the health and well-being of The result is a cohesive team that has a sum greater than the school and home. emotional, behavioral and social needs in Activities that focus on cognitive, services Psychological and counseling health of students. and chronic health conditions to ensure care, referral and management of acute Preventive services, education, emergency Health services ties for school faculty and staff. Assessment, education and wellness activi Health promotion for staff tious, affordable and appealing meals. eating behaviors and integration of nutri nutrition education, promotion of healthy Reinforcement of classroom-based Nutrition services functioning and well-being. and functioning emotional and social, mental, physical, involves health optimal of disease; absence the simply than more much is Health sense. broadest inthe used is “health” term * The —World Health Organization, 1996 - - 117 - - Sources: Kinder Schools: Public California for Framework Health Califor the by Adopted – Twelve Grade Through garten (2003) Education of Board State nia Health School to Guide A Health: School “Improving Society Cancer American Councils,” contact information, more For Connections Health School ServicesDepartment Health of California www.dhs.ca.gov/schoolhealth STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE evaluation, accountability, and quality control. quality and accountability, evaluation, program planning; program advocacy; planning; fiscal agencies; state and county district, with liaison and implementation; policy and intervention direct ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ ➣ and youth. and are interrelated, school health councils are a useful useful a are councils health school interrelated, are support to members community and schools for forum children of achievement academic and health optimum School board members are called upon to address many many address to upon called are members board School issues social and health many that Given issues. health health councils include, but are not limited to: limited not are but include, councils health concerned about school health. school about concerned school to assigned commonly are that roles of Examples physical education teachers, counseling and psychological psychological and counseling teachers, education physical and in interested others and students, parents, services, health and include public health and community-based community-based and health public include and health health nurses, school volunteers, and professionals staff, services nutrition administrators, school educators, are appointed by the school district. Ideally, members members Ideally, district. school the by appointed are school coordinated of components varying the represent Nutrition and WIC Reauthorization Act of 2004. Actof WIC Reauthorization and Nutrition council health school a of members the Generally, health councils have been a recommended approach approach recommended a been have councils health Child the by required policies wellness developing for The concept of school health councils has been been has councils health school of concept The most organizations, leadership of number a by supported school Recently, Society. Cancer American the notably collectively to provide advice to the school district on on district school the to advice provide to collectively activities. and programs issues, health-related council, is an advisory group of individuals who represent represent who individuals of group advisory an is council, acts group The community. and school the of segments School health councils are useful in addressing all eight eight all addressing in useful are councils health School health school A health. school coordinated of areas advisory health school a called sometimes council, School Health Councils 118 sheets and other resources for policy development. which summarizes relevant research and provides work Healthy andFood Physical Activity Policy Resource Guide and recently updated its publication that fulfills the federal mandate for a wellnesspolicy, tions to provide further guidance and sample language several sample board policies and administrative regula proposed policies. CSBA is reissuing (November 2005) issues that boards should consider as they review foods and beverages provided at schools, and suggests This policy brief explains the new state standards for and physical activity. dinated approach to encouraging healthy eating practices guidelines are one component of a comprehensive, coor wellness” policy as described below. These nutrition the school day must be incorporated into a “student guidelines for all foods available on each campus during authorized by the federal Child Nutrition Act, nutrition Program, School Breakfast Program, or other programs If the district participates in the National School Lunch that board policies meet or exceed the standards. and others beginning July 1, 2007. Boards must ensure some of which are effective beginning January 1, 2006, need to be knowledgeable about the new requirements, Board members, district staff, and school health councils do not aply to charter schools and private schools. schools, and all students in grades K-12. The provisions authored by Senator Escutia, impact all districts, all schools. SB 12 (Ch. 235) and SB 965 (Ch. 237), both stronger standards for foods and beverages sold at enhance student learning, new state legislation creates childhood obesity, improve children’s health, and part ofAs a larger state and national effort to curb wellness student for Implications standards: nutrition new The STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT Student Wellness: A - - -
2. determines is appropriate. promote student wellness in a manner that the district and other school-based activities that are designed to 1. wellness that, at a minimum: a federal nutrition program adopt a policy on student 42 USC 1751) mandates that any district participating in Children Reauthorization (WIC) Act of 2004 (Note in The Federal Child Nutrition and Women, Infants and for Wellness Policy Background: Federal Mandate public hearing and adequate review by the board. Thus, mended policy. Sufficient time must alsobe allowed for research the issues and build consensus around recom time for the school health council or other committee to members of the public. Districts need to allow sufficient sionals, school administrators, board representatives, and parents/guardians, students, school food service profes through an inclusive process involving, at a minimum, 07 school year, the wellness policy must be developed Required to be in place by the beginning of the 2006- machines, student stores, fundraisers, or other venues. cafeterias, as well as other food sales through vending including foods and beverages available through school nutrition guidelines for foods and beverages sold at schools, This policy brief focuses on component #2 pertaining to responsibility for ensuring that this policy is implemented.in the district or at each school charged with operational policy, including the designation of one or more persons 4. apply to schools. 42 USC 1758(f)(1), 1766(a) and 1799(a) and (b), as they than federal regulations and guidance issued pursuant to for reimbursable school meals will not be less restrictive 3. reducing childhood obesity. day, with the objectives of promoting student health and for all foods available on each campus during the school Includes goals for nutrition education, physical activity, Establishes a plan for measuring implementation of the Provides an assurance that the district’s guidelines Includes nutrition guidelines selected by the district
- - 119 Not more than 35 percent of its total calories is from from is calories total its of percent 35 than more Not cheese eggs, seeds, butters, nut nuts, excluding fat, that vegetables fruits, sale, individual for packaged legumes. or fried, deep been not have from is calories total its of percent 10 than more Not for packaged cheese or eggs excluding fat, saturated sale. individual is weight total its of percent 35 than more Not and occurring naturally including sugar, of composed have that vegetables or fruits excluding sugar, added fried. deep been not calories. 250 exceed not do calories Itstotal Not more than 35 percent of its total weight is is weight total its of percent 35 than more Not and occurring naturally including sugar, of composed sugar. added calories. 175 exceed not do calories Itstotal calories. program. Breakfast School or Lunch School It contains no more than four grams of fat per 100 100 per fat of grams four than more no contains It It is categorized as an entree item in the National National the in item entree an as categorized is It Its total calories do not exceed 400 calories. 400 calories. exceed not do calories Itstotal
following criteria: following 1. the adopt to choose may districts discretion, their At adopt may and/or 2007, 1, July to prior standards above in law, state by required those exceed that standards students. to benefit maximum the provide to order Food standards for middle, junior high, and high schools, schools, high and high, junior middle, for standards Food sold item entree each that require 2007, 1, July effective the meet must program meal reimbursable the outside criteria: following 1. 2. 3. ensure must also schools high and high, junior Middle, the meets meal a supplements that item snack each that 2. 3. 4. 3. 4. - - STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE Not more than 35 percent of its total calories is from from is calories total its of percent 35 than more Not fat. from is calories total its of percent 10 than more Not fat. saturated
dairy or whole grain food item may be sold if it meets all all meets it if sold be may item food grain whole or dairy criteria: following the of 1. packaged for individual sale, fruit, vegetables that have have that vegetables fruit, sale, individual for packaged sold individually An legumes. and fried deep been not that may be sold to a student at an elementary school school elementary an at student a to sold be may that individually and meals full are day school the during cheese eggs, seeds, butters, nut nuts, of portions sold school districts, and increased meal reimbursements. reimbursements. meal increased and districts, school foods only the effect, into go standards new the Once that compliance with the standards was contingent upon upon contingent was standards the with compliance that policy nutrition for budget state the in appropriations to assistance technical and support grants, development by the standards established by SB 12 in Education Code Code Education in 12 SB by established standards the by provision the eliminated also 12 SB 49431.2. and 49431 What changes are coming, and when? Education in standards food the 2007, 1, July Beginning replaced be will meals non-reimbursable for 38085 Code school grounds during regular school hours must be from from be must hours school regular during grounds school 38085. Code Education in listed foods nutritious the are effective until July 1, 2007. In accordance with these these with accordance In 2007. 1, July until effective are on sold food the of percent 50 of minimum a standards, For foods that are not reimbursed through the federal meal meal federal the through reimbursed not are that foods For 38085 Code Education in listed standards the programs, the National School Lunch Program or School Breakfast Breakfast School or Program Lunch School National the CFR 7 in contained are standards detailed These Program. 220.8. and 210.10 Federal regulations establish nutritional standards, nutrient nutrient standards, nutritional establish regulations Federal under schools by provided meals for levels calorie and levels Nutritional Standards for Foods for Standards Nutritional What are the current standards? policy must be informed about the changes in state nutri state in changes the about informed be must policy aligned. be can policies district that so standards tional and timelines they will follow. The school health council/ health school The follow. will they timelines and wellness the recommending with charged committee in order to meet the deadline established by federal law, law, federal by established deadline the meet to order in devel policy the in engaged be already should districts process the established have least at or process opment 2. 120 2. 4. 3. items #1-5 above. Beginning July 1, 2009, 100 percentafter of the end of the school day must be those specified in hour before the start of the school day until one-half hour beverages sold to high school students from one-half so that, beginning July 1, 2007, at least 50 percent beginningof the July 1, 2007. The standards will be phased inSB 965 also extends these standards to high schools 5. 1. beverages that may be sold at school are: end of the school day. Under these standards, the only the of start the school day until one-half hour after the junior high school students from one-half hour before students regardless of the time of day, and to middle or These standards apply to beverages sold to elementary nonfat and low-fat products. the of types milk that may be provided, emphasizing addition of vegetable-based drinks and a limitation on schools, effective January 1, 2006. Changes include the Code 49431.5 for elementary, middle, and junior high SB 965 revised the standards for beverages in Education when? and coming, are changes What schools may offer an electrolyte replacement beverage. no added sweetener. In addition, middle and junior high based drinks that are at least 50 percent fruit juice with include water, any kind of milk, fruit juices, and fruit- schools (Education Code 49431.5). Allowable beverages 2004, apply only to elementary, middle, and junior high Current standards for beverages, in effect since July 1, standards? current the are What Beverages Nutritional Standards for STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT
For middle and junior high schools, electrolyte replace 50 percent fruit juice and have no added sweetener. Fruit-based drinks that are composed of no less than of added sweetener per 20-ounce serving. ment beverages that contain no more than 42 grams milk, rice milk, or other similar nondairy milk. Milk that is 1-percent fat, 2-percent fat, or nonfat; soy Drinking water with no added sweetener. sweetener. than 50 percent vegetable juice and have no added Vegetable-based drinks that are composed of no less - level as a fundraising event, it is not necessary that they When foods or beverages are sold by students at any grade outside the school or outside the normal school day. the state nutritional standards, but only if such sales occur some sales of foods and beverages that do not comply with State law (as amended by SB 12 and SB 965) does allow tritional standards applicable to the food service program. student stores) generally must comply with the same nu (e.g., through school organizations, vending machines, Food sales outside of the district’s food service program Outside Food Sales standards prior to these dates. When feasible, districts may choose to implement the after the end of the school day must meet these standards. hour before the start of the school day until one-half hour the beverages sold to high school students from one-half CSBA’s sample board policies and administrativecontent regulations of the policy and must ensure compliance otherwith law. committee, the board is ultimately responsibledeveloped for the with the involvement of a school health councilthose standards or become effective. Even when the policyfor is alignment with new law, on or before the datestaining that nutritional guidelines are reviewed and updatedBoards need to ensure that existing districtBoards for policiesConsiderations Policy con ments, district legal counsel should be law.consulted. If a contract provision is in conflictwith the withnutritional the new requirestandards within thethat timelines foods and specified beverages in sold in vendingthose machines contracts comply and begin negotiations foodin order or beverages make sure in vending machines Districtsmay need thatto examine have contracts with a thirdend of party the school for day. the sale of stores, and cafeterias until later than one-half hour after sellthe non-nutritious beverages in vending machines, student of the school day. Middle and junior high schools cannot during a school-sponsored student activity after the end school need not meet nutritional standards if the sale occurs In addition, a food sale at a middle, junior high or high least one-half hour after the end of the school day. place off and away from school premises, or takes place at comply with state nutritional standards if the sale takes - - - 121 - -
Has the superintendent identified persons at the the at persons identified superintendent the Has implementa monitor to levels site school and district policy? wellness district’s the of tion Do district schools currently have vending machines, machines, vending have currently schools district Do beverage and food for venues other or stores, student students to sold are beverages and foods What sales? snacks? healthy offer they Do venues? these through broader, a of part as perceived standards nutritional Are In health? student to approach comprehensive more accomplished? linkages are ways what policies its all updating and reviewing district the Is BP/AR Contracts, - 3312 (BP nutrition student to related Other - 3554 BP/AR Nutrition, Service/Child Food - 3550 as well as Wellness), Student - 5030 BP Sales, Food (BP/ education health comprehensive to related policies 6142.7)? (BP/AR education physical and 6142.8) AR staff district or council/committee health school the Has the implementing to challenges potential identified strategies recommended it Has standards? nutritional parents/guardians and students with communicate to devel staff Will policy? wellness district’s the regarding to others and staff services food to provided be opment policy? wellness the of implementation in assist Do they exceed state standards? If so, in what way(s)? what in so, If standards? state exceed they Do state new that ensure policy recommended Does frames time the within implemented be will standards implement district the should or Can law? by required sooner? standards the need that Does obligations contract district the have contracts with (e.g., consideration into be taken to those When contracts will companies)? beverage expire? Are menus? school for selected currently foods are How in involved students or parents/guardians process? the child available in participating schools district all Are after- lunch, breakfast, including programs, nutrition food summer and service, food care child snacks, school not? why not, If service?
• • • • • • • • • - - - - STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE
istrators, health professionals, school nurses, health health nurses, school professionals, health istrators, counselors, teachers, education physical educators, issues)? health school in interested others and/or health school the by recommended standards the Do standards? state applicable with align council/committee public in the development of policies pertaining to nutri to pertaining policies of development the in districts public for law federal by required as standards, Are tional programs? meal reimbursed federally in participating their of because involved be should who others there admin district (e.g., perspectives diverse or expertise research student wellness issues and develop recommen develop and issues wellness student research district? the of behalf on dations parents/guardians, from input sought district the Has ad school professionals, service food school the students, of members and representatives, board ministrators, Has the district established clear goals or expectations for for expectations or goals clear established district the Has council/committee? health school the of work the made been information and resources adequate Have to council/committee health school the to available
• school health council/committee, the board might consider consider might board the council/committee, health school questions: following the When developing or updating policy related to nutritional nutritional to related policy updating or developing the When from recommendations policy reviewing or standards, The above referenced policies are available at at available are policies referenced above The www.csba.org/ps/nutrition_phys_resources.cfm. BP 5030 - Student Wellness Student - 5030 BP Education Physical - 6142.7 BP/AR Education Health Comprehensive - 6142.8 BP/AR BP/AR 3550 - Food Service/Child Nutrition Program Nutrition Service/Child Food - 3550 BP/AR Sales Food Other - 3554 BP/AR tailor them to meet local needs and goals: and needs local meet to them tailor Contracts - 3312 BP that related concepts will appear in multiple district policies. policies. district multiple in appear will and concepts materials related that following the review to encouraged are Districts programs, these nutritional guidelines should be incorporated incorporated be should guidelines though nutritional even these However, programs, policy. likely “wellness” is it district’s policy, the into wellness overarching an have may district the health, rather than reviewing nutritional standards in isolation. isolation. in standards nutritional meal reviewing than federal in rather health, participating districts those for above, noted As have been updated to reflect the new nutritional standards. standards. nutritional new the reflect to council/ updated health been have school and board the that student recommended improving is It for picture” “big the at look committee • • • 122 4. 3. 2. Healthy Children Ready to Learn, January 2005 Education of Department California www.cde.ca.gov/ls/nu garten Through Grade Twelve, 2003 Health Framework for California Public Schools, Kinder Healthy Children Ready to Learn, January 2005 Education of Department California www.csba.org/ps/nutrition_phys_resources.cfm Policy Resource Guide, rev. 2006 Student Wellness: A Healthy andFood Physical Activity Additional Resources 1. can support and reinforce its policy in contentthe following of foods ways: and beverages availableIn addition at schools, to adopting the board policy to improveOther the Board nutritional Actions CSBA STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT
identify desired outcomes that can be clearly measured,perintendent and/or school health council/committeeation to of the district’s wellness policy. Work withEnsure the suaccountability for the implementation and evaludevelop coordinated approaches to student health. collaborate with other agencies and organizations non-foodto items for fundraisers. As community leaders,at home. Encourage school organizations to use for class parties and to reinforce healthy eatingEncourage practices parents/guardians to provide healthy snacksthe use of non-nutritious foods as classroom rewards.students through their own behaviors and by avoidingEncourage employees to serve as positive role modelsBecome for advocates for good health and nutrition. sources that do not compromise student health. impact on the budget and explore alternative fundingcontracts for non-nutritious foods or beverages, trackon studentthe nutrition. If the district will not be renewingEnsure that the district’s budget supports the priorityhealthy eating. health, including specific desired outcomes related to emphasize the board’s priority on supporting student In setting the vision and goals for the district, district’s progress. and schedule periodic reports to the board on the
- - - www.dairycouncilofca.org California of Council Dairy www.cspinet.org/nutritionpolicy/nana.html CDC National Alliance for Nutrition and Activity www.cdc.gov ementary and Middle/High Schools, 2004 Eating: A Self-Assessment and Planning Guide for El School Health Index for Physical Activity and Healthy Prevention and Control Disease for Centers www.CaliforniaProjectLEAN.org Food Standards Calculator LEAN Project California www.cde.ca.gov/ls/nu garten Through Grade Twelve, 2003 Health Framework for California Public Schools, Kinder improve the health and nutrition of California consumers.Antitrust Law Section, from litigation settlement fundsby a togrant from the California Department of Justice,CSBA’s student wellness program activities are made possible www.actionforhealthykids.org Kids Healthy for Action see also: www.teamnutrition.usda.gov www.fns.usda.gov/tn/healthy/wellnesspolicy_steps.html A Guide to Local Action, 2000 the Scene, Improving the School Nutrition Environment: Team Nutrition, andFood Nutrition Services, Changing Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2005 Agriculture of Department U.S. www.sne.org Education Nutrition for Society www.schoolnutrition.org Association Nutrition School www.nsba.org Association Boards School National www.nasbe.org Fit, Healthy and Ready to Learn, 2000 (NASBE) Education of Boards State of Association National
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123 - -
- - A study of of study A 2 Another Another However, However, 3 7 5
8 Commercial dollars dollars Commercial 6 4 food, and fundraisers and food, adver beverage and food as such advertising, direct scoreboards, publications, school through tisements posters and edu corporate-sponsored as such advertising, indirect incentive and sports sponsorships, programs, cational coupons and contests using programs product sales through vending machines, exclusive exclusive machines, vending through sales product fast branded companies, drink soft with contracts
stakes, and contests; $2 billion is spent on youth-targeted youth-targeted on spent is billion $2 contests; and stakes, packaging on spent is billion $3 and relations; public advertise television of half than More children. for designed beverages and food promote children at directed ments and drinks, soft foods, snack food, fast candy, as such fat, and calories in high are that cereals breakfast sweetened nutrients. essential other and fiber in low and schools in activities Commercial marketing to credibility adds schools through Marketing product and name company’s the associating by activities teachers. or schools trusted with to goes that money the of fraction small a constitute percent. one than less usually schools, public reportOffice Accountability Government U.S. a 2000, in increased had schools in activities commercial that found decade. previous the in visibility in include: schools in activities Commercial • difference between information and advertising. and information between difference advertising to exposure that found children school primary like. to claimed children foods which influenced vending a on signage and labeling that showed study secondary by bought was what on effect an had machine students. school beverage and food that surprising be not may it reach to Thus, year a billion $12 to billion $10 spend on advertisers spent is billion $1 than more that, Of youth. and children primarily them reaches that children to advertising media youth- on spent is billion $4.5 than more television; through sweep coupons, premiums, as such promotions targeted • • - - - - - STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE Perhaps most important to marketers, marketers, to important most Perhaps 1 cial promotion because they lack the skills to understand the the understand to skills the lack they because promotion cial While all children and youth are subject to the persuasive persuasive the to subject are youth and children all While those especially children, younger advertising, of influence commer to vulnerable uniquely be to appear years, 8 under building brand awareness and brand loyalty among children children among loyalty brand and awareness brand building adulthood. in habits buying their influences a year nationally. They also influence $500 billion of family family of billion $500 influence also They nationally. year a year. per purchases Companies recognize the tremendous value of marketing marketing of value tremendous the recognize Companies spending considerable have Youth youth. and children to billion $140 to $25 between varying estimates with power, critical policy considerations. considerations. policy critical youth and children to Marketing policies. This policy brief is intended to provide back provide to intended is brief policy This policies. highlight to and discussion such for information ground school boards and superintendents to engage in thought in engage to superintendents and boards school and pros the on communities their with discussions ful board related review to and activities commercial of cons aging Activity and Nutrition) in the Successful Students Students Successful the in Nutrition) Activity and aging encourages campaign, Policies Food Healthy Through The California School Boards Association, as part of its of part as Association, Boards School California The Encour LEAN Project (Leaders California with partnership the product presents a message that is inconsistent with with inconsistent is that message a presents product the program. education nutrition district’s the beverage of minimal nutritional value, school boards have have boards school value, nutritional minimal of beverage marketing such of impact the consider to responsibility a marketing whether and well-being, and health student on coming under scrutiny from parents, teachers, advocacy advocacy teachers, parents, from scrutiny under coming or food a is product the When others. and groups, services to schools. schools. to services are schools in activities commercial however, Increasingly, materials, sales through vending machines, branded fast fast branded machines, vending through sales materials, and corporations beverage with contracts exclusive food, or products, cash, supplementary provide activities similar cial sources of funding. Advertisements on school buses buses school on Advertisements funding. of sources cial educational corporation-sponsored of use scoreboards, or As school districts face budgetary constraints and seek seek and constraints budgetary face districts Asschool commer to turn many resources, their enhance to ways School-based marketing of food and beverages:Policy implications for school boards 124 • • • members (26 percent) and superintendents (44 percent) However, in the same survey, a minority of board contract with superintendents reported that vendors had an exclusive district; percent 48 of board members and percent 64 of beverage vendors had an exclusive contract with their and 41 percent of superintendents reported that perintendents, 32 percent of responding board members In a survey of California school board members and su • schools with soft drink contracts: have a contract with a company to sell soft drinks. Of those junior high schools, and 38.2 percent of elementary schools that 71.9 percent of high schools, 50.4 percent of middle/are the fastest growing venture. Of all product sales in schools, exclusive soft drink contracts baked goods that are not low in fat. fruit juices that are not 100 percent juice, and salty snacksMost commonlyor these include soft drinks, sports drinks, snack bar where students can purchase food or beverages. either a vending machine or a school store, canteen or high schools and 43 percent of elementary schools have percent of senior high schools, 73.9 percent of middle/juniorfoods that students purchase and consume at school: 98.2 meal programs represent a significant share of the availableFood and beverages served or sold outside the school’s beverages and food competitive sales: Product elementary school enterprise. although coupon redemption programs are largely an vending machines, display of corporate advertising), Most commercial activities occur in high schools (e.g., • STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT
91.7 percent receive a specificpercentage of soft and taste tests market research through student surveys, sampling, school buses 2.2 percent allow advertising by the company on school grounds 27.7 percent allow advertising by the company on school building 37.6 percent allow advertising by the company in the drink sales receipts at least one school 9 11 A national survey in their district. 10
13 12
found - • must meet the nutritional standards specified in Education Currently, food sales outside the school’s meal programs (81 percent). vending machines meet national nutritional guidelines at least 50 percent of the food and beverages sold in in elementary schools (65 percent) and requiring that board members supported banning fast food sales This same survey reported that a majority of school terminate any soda contracts. more, 13 percent said their school board had decided to board decided not to renew any soda contracts. Further in the last three years, and 21 percent said their school members said they had rejected a soda contract offer vendors. In a followup survey, 22 percent of school board agreed with the practice of having exclusive beverage • Research shows that, among California high schools: Advertising the school day. school premises or at least one-half hour after the end of machines, student stores and cafeterias) need to occur off such food or beverages (including sales through vending may be sold. In general, these laws provide that sales of beverages that do not meet the nutritional standards These laws establish conditions under which food or July 1, 2007, and July 1, 2009. standards for high schools which will be phased in between to modify the list of allowable beverages and to establish 49431.5. SB 965 (2005) amended Education Code 49431.5 Beverage standards are contained in Education Code added by SB 12 (2005). for middle, junior high and high schools, as amended and 49431 for elementary schools and Education Code 49431.2 be replaced by the standards contained in Education Code Code 38085. Beginning July 1, 2007, these standards will
(23 percent). boards or signs (31 percent), and posters ments are on vending machines (48 percent), score The most common fast food or beverage advertise such advertising. beverages on campus, while only 13 percent prohibit Nearly 72 percent allow advertising for fast food and 15 14
- - 16 - 125 ------foods, or other food/beverages of minimal nutritional nutritional minimal of food/beverages other or foods, edu the with conflict arrangements these Do value? well-being? student and/or program cational the of endorsement an imply sales product Do endorse implied the Does district? the by product food unhealthy of consumption encourage ment beverages? and/or permit advertising, product sales, and/or other com other and/or sales, product advertising, permit of forms acceptable specify they Do activities? mercial Are restrictions? any establish activity or commercial beverages and foods for advertisements commercial way? any in restricted reviewing for process existing district’s the is What or advertisements for requests specific approving and established board the Has activities? commercial other and ads proposed screens Who approval? for criteria material? other evaluate to place in are processes and criteria What determine to materials instructional classroom products specific endorse materials such whether the to held materials donated Are names? brand or materials? curriculum other as standards same the in schools across vary activities commercial Do consideration? a age/grade student Is district? place in currently are arrangements contractual What to products sell to corporations/businesses with fast drinks, soft sell to agreements including students, Do the district’s existing policies and regulations regulations and policies existing district’s the Do
CSBA provides sample board policies and administrative administrative and policies board sample provides CSBA Advertis 1325 (BP/AR advertising to related regulations 3554 (BP/AR sales food competitive Promotion), and ing to pertain they as contracts and Sales), Food Other Contracts). 3312 (BP beverages and food non-nutritious tailor to encouraged strongly are districts However, develop Policy values. and needs local meet to policies coopera close in done be should issues these on ment opportu ample provide and superintendent the with tion members community parents, staff, from input for nities students. and related policy developing or revising reviewing, When the consider might board the activities, commercial to questions: following • • • • • • - -
STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE 17 18 from using these items as rewards as items these using from 14.3 percent allow promotion of these products products these of promotion allow percent 14.3 events school of sponsorship through products these of promotion allow percent 7.7 publications school through staff and faculty discourage or prohibit percent 24.8 23.3 percent allow promotion of candy, fast foods, foods, fast candy, of promotion allow percent 23.3 coupons through drinks soft and
their own adherence to established policies when they they when policies established to adherence own their corporations. with contracts ratify and approve policy. These processes need to be clearly communicated communicated clearly be to need processes These policy. ensure also must Boards staff. by to adhered and to under which specific activities will be approved. The approved. be will activities specific which under clear establish staff should district and superintendent board with consistent processes approval and review ity to determine the extent to which commercial activities activities commercial which to extent the determine ityto circumstances and criteria the as well as allowed, be will ment, and other considerations? considerations? other and ment, responsibil a has board the policymakers, district’s Asthe by-case basis depending on the product being promoted, promoted, being product the on depending basis by-case advertise the to exposed being students the of age the on the food or beverages sold? Should the district allow allow district the Should sold? beverages or food the on equipment facilities, district on advertisements prohibit or case- a on decided be activities these Should buses? and Will the district approve vending machines on some or all all or some on machines vending approve district the Will placed be should restrictions what so, if and campuses, However, school districts have considerable discretion discretion considerable have districts school However, activities. commercial many regarding decisions make to materials. In addition, any food sales conducted outside outside conducted sales food any addition, In materials. nutritional meet must program services food district’s the above. discussed as law, in specified standards of commercial activities in schools, such as exposure to to exposure as such schools, in activities commercial of instructional in logos company or products, names, brand Policy issues Policy types certain on restrictions some places law California significant percentages (57 percent) would even go so far far so go even would percent) (57 percentages significant advertisements. such ban to as The large majority of California board members members board California of majority large The and limiting support survey a to responding percent) (80 and schools, in advertisements soda and food monitoring Among schools in a national survey: survey: national a in schools Among • • • • 126 • • • • • • • • STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE RESOURCE POLICY ACTIVITY PHYSICAL AND FOOD HEALTHY A WELLNESS: STUDENT
of advertisement viewed as acceptable while others with regard to commercial activities? Are some types What are the board’s, staff’s, and community’s values at students? offer to private businesses in lieu of advertising aimed educationalsupports objectives? What can the district relationships with the private sector in a way that How can the board and develop staff positive aware consumers? media literacy which helps students become critically Does the district’s curriculum include instruction in established (e.g., newspapers and magazines)? in instruction, what reasonable exceptions should be the board decides that advertising should not be used (e.g., use of logos for identification purposes only)? If company logos, what restrictions should be established If the board decides to accept advertisements or beverages? new nutritional standards for sales of food and What changes will need to be made to comply with ways might the district finance its programs? consists of private-sector contributions? In what other ments? What percentage of the district’s budget What resources are generated by existing arrange products, materials or equipment? district to advertise as a condition for receiving funds, Do existing school-business partnerships require the best interests are the top priority? addressed? How can the board ensure that students’ what ethical, legal, and educational issues must be In developing or revising policy on these issues, are not (e.g., yearbook ads vs. ads on school buses)? - Schools, 2006 California Project LEAN, infobrief/issue15.html. No. 15, November 1998, www.ascd.org/publications/ Supporting Students or Selling Access? Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development, following resources: Further information may be found through the org and www.CaliforniaProjectLEAN.org. Project LEAN, 2003, revised 2006. Also see www.csba. Policy Resource Guide Student Wellness: A Healthy Food and Physical Activity taining to nutrition and physical activity is presented in the A comprehensive discussion of policy development per Resources Crisis: Focus on Solutions. of related policy briefs in its series Public Health Institute, www.phi.org. Produces a number www.consumersunion.org. Commercial onKids at Pressures School Consumers Union, cialism trends. cations include annual on reports schoolhouse commer located at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee). Publi Center for the Analysis of Commercialism in Education University, www.asu.edu/educ/epsl/ceru.htm (formerly Commercialism in Education Research Unit, Arizona State January 2005. Responsible Marketing to Children Center for Science in the Public Interest, children, www.commercialexploitation.com. coalition of individuals fighting against marketing to Campaign for a Commercial-Free Childhood, a national tions 2006, www.CaliforniaProjectLEAN.org. School Campuses Survey: Findings and Recommenda . Food and Marketing on California High Captive Kids: A Report on Captive Kids: AReport published by CSBA and California Captive Kids: Selling Obesity at , Washington, DC, California’s Obesity , Infobrief Issue , 1998, Guidelines for
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- - - 127 , , , , School School School School California California School Board School , 2000, www.phi.org. Reported 2000,www.phi.org. , Preventing Childhood Obesity: Health in the Balance the Obesity: in Childhood Health Preventing McCormack Brown, K., Akintobi, T.H., and Pitt, S., Pitt, S., and T.H., Akintobi, K., Brown, McCormack McCormack Brown, K., Pitt, S. and Reyes, L., L., Reyes, Pitt,and S. K., Brown, McCormack Samuels & Associates and Public Health Institute, Institute, Health AssociatesPublic & and Samuels Ibid. McCormack Brown, K., Akintobi, T.H., and Pitt, S., Pitt, S., and T.H., Akintobi, K., Brown, McCormack Wechsler et al., 2001, as reported in Institute of Medicine, Medicine, of Institute reported in as 2001, al., et Wechsler Member Survey Results: Nutrition and Physical Activity the for Physical and Nutrition MemberResults: Survey Factors Affecting Policymakers Communication of Examination California Project LEAN, 2001. August California 13. 13. the for Results Survey Superintendent MemberBoard and Factors Affecting Policymakers Communication of Examination Project LEAN, 2001. August California 14. Project LEAN, 2004. November California 15. 16. Food SurveyFast School High on Focus Obesity Crisis: “California’s Institute, Health Public in 2004. March Policy Brief, Do,” Can Schools What Solutions, 17. Fact obesity,” childhood preventing in role a play can “Schools Sheet, 2004. September 18. the for Results Survey Superintendent MemberBoard and FactorsAffecting Policymakers Communication of Examination ------, 71, 71, ,
, Food Journal of of Journal STUDENT WELLNESS: A HEALTHY FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY RESOURCE GUIDE American American , V.C., “Children “Children V.C., , Commercial Ac Commercial Public Education: Education: Public Commercial Activi Commercial Preventing Childhood Childhood Preventing , Policy Brief, March 2004. March Policy , Brief, Strasburger Journal of School Health School of Journal , 2001, 22: 185-187. Reported Reported 185-187. 22: 2001, , , September 2000. September , , September 2004. September , , Policy Brief, March 2004. March Brief, Policy , California’s Obesity Crisis: Focus on Solu on Focus Crisis: Obesity California’s Public Education: Commercial Activities Activities Commercial Education: Public , August 2004 (www.gao.gov/new.items/ 2004 August , , 1998, 20: 37-41; and and 37-41; 20: 1998, , , September 2000(www.gao.gov/new.items/ September , , November 2003, Center for Science in the Public Public the in Science for Center 2003, November , Preventing Childhood Obesity: Health in the Balance the Obesity: in Childhood Health Preventing Wechsler et al., 2001, as reported in Institute of Medicine, Medicine, of Institute reported in as 2001, al., et Wechsler Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, School Health Health School Prevention, and Control Disease for Centers U.S. Public Education: Commercial Activities in Schools. in Activities Commercial Education: Public U.S. , August 2004. August , Report the of American Psychological Association Task Ibid. U.S. Government Accountability Office, Accountability Government U.S. Pestering Parents: How Food Companies Market Obesity Market Food How Companies Parents: Pestering Hastings, G., “Does food promotion influence children? A children? influence promotion food “Does G., Hastings, Institute of Medicine, “Advertising, Marketing and the Me the and Marketing “Advertising, Medicine, of Institute U.S. Government Accountability Office, Accountability Government U.S. McNeal, J., “Tapping the three kids’ markets,” markets,” kids’ three the “Tapping J., McNeal, Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development, Development, Curriculum Supervision Associationand for September 2004. September 12. 12. Fact obesity,” childhood preventing in role a play can “Schools Sheet, 11. 11. Accounting General U.S. requesters. ReportCongressional to 2000. Office, GAO/HEHS-00-156, 10. 10. 2000, Study Programs and Policies 2001. September ties in Schools: Use of Student Data Is Limited and Additional Additional and Limited Is Data Student of Use Schools: in ties DistrictsHelp DevelopPoli Could Guidance of Dissemination cies 8. Schools in Activities Commercial 9. 7. 7. 15, No. Issue Infobrief Access?, Selling or SupportingStudents 1998. November Interest, www.cspinet.org, cited in Public Health Institute, Institute, Health Public in cited www.cspinet.org, Interest, Do They Youth: and Children to Marketing and Advertising Food Purchases? Unhealthy Influence Obesity: Health in the Balance the Obesity: in Health 6. Children to 4. 5. In Sheet, Fact Messages,” Improving dia: 3. 3. Agency, Food Standards evidence,” the of review systematic Marketing. Social for Centre Strathclyde Universityof tions, What Schools Can Do Can Schools What tions, 2. Force on Advertising February and Children, 2004. 20, and TV advertising: Nowhere to run, nowhere to hide,” hide,” to nowhere run, to Nowhere advertising: TV and Pediatrics Behavioral Developmental Institute, Health Public in References 1. Demographics in Schools in he00156.pdf). Develop Policies Develop and d04810.pdf), U.S. Government Accountability Office, Office, Accountability Government U.S. Ad and Limited Is Data Student of Use Schools: in tivities Districts Help Could Guidance of Dissemination ditional