DOCSLIB.ORG

Ulllted States Patent [19] [11] Patent Number: 6,149,895 Kutsch [45] Date of Patent: Nov

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Ulllted States Patent [19] [11] Patent Number: 6,149,895 Kutsch [45] Date of Patent: Nov US006149895A Ulllted States Patent [19] [11] Patent Number: 6,149,895 Kutsch [45] Date of Patent: Nov. 21, 2000 [54] DENTAL BLEACHING COMPOSITIONS, 5,645,428 7/1997 Yarborough ........................... .. 433/215 KITS & METHODS 5,648,064 7/1997 Gaffar et a1. 424/53 5,713,738 2/1998 Yarborough 433/25 [75] Inventor: V_ Kim Kutsch, Jefferson, Oreg 5,785,527 7/1998 Jensen et al. ......................... .. 424/215 5,800,165 9/1998 KlISCll et al. ........................... .. 433/29 - _ - - - 5,858,332 1/1999 Jensen et al. 424/53 [73] Asslgnee' Kreatlv’ INC’ San Dlego’ Cahf' 6,036,493 3/2000 Sharma ................................. .. 433/216 [21] Appl. No.: 09/364,397 OTHER PUBLICATIONS [22] Filedi Jul- 30, 1999 Lee et al JL. Orthopedic Research 16(1) : 70—75 Lee et al _ _ Lasers In Surgery & Medicine 20(3):280—289, 1998, 1997. Related U‘S‘ Apphcatlon Data Geibel Dtsch 2 ahn aer 212 50 (3):248—251 Staehle et al 63 C t_ f _ t f 1_ f N PCT U898 02933 dtsch, Zahnarrltc 47(12): 832—835, 1992, 1995. [ ] Fgglilaallgggmpar 0 applcalon 0' / / ’ lfegllgazmeda et al Scanning Micro Scopy 6(4) :1061—1071, [51] Int. Cl.7 .............................. .. A61K 7/20; A61K 6/00 smigel, Irwin “Laser Tooth Whitening” Dentistry Today, [52] US. Cl. .. 424/53; 433/215 Aug 1996_ [58] Field of Search .............................. .. 427/53; 433/215 QuasarBrite Advertising plyer 19_1266_B_ [56] References Cited Primary Examiner—Shep K. Rose U'S' PATENT DOCUMENTS Attorney, Agent, or Fzrm—Lor1 M. Friedman H534 10/1988 Graham ................................. .. 524/315 [57] ABSTRACT 3’6O7’759 9/1971 Barth " 252/100 A composition and method for bleaching teeth is disclosed 3,966,669 6/1976 Wolfe . .... .. 260/37 h . dd . d. 1 d. 1 d b. d .h 4,180,467 12/1979 Barth . .. 252/99 W 5161“ r? V615 155‘? "e m a so V6“? 3“ Pom, “16 W1? 4 selwyn ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~ an Inert, IIIOI'gaIlIC CaI'I'IeI'. The COIIlpOSItIOIl 1S IIlIXed Chalr 4:444j746 4/1984 Hawey et a1_ 424/49 side by the dental practitioner, With a source of active 4,661,070 4/1987 Friedman ,, _ 433/203_1 oxygen to form a bleaching paste, Which is applied to 4,788,052 11/1988 Ng et al. 424/53 prepared teeth. Teeth coated With the paste are then exposed 5,032,178 7/ 1991 COTIIICIH ~: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- 106/35 to light of a visible Wavelength range of from 400—550 or an 57057048 10/1991 VaSS11_1ad15 ct a1~ 433/215 argon laser. When the active oxygen is spent, the bleaching 15193411? ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ " paste on the teeth turns colorless. The red dye greatly , , rencipe e a . ........................ .. - 5,281,141 1/1994 Kowalyk ......... .. 433/215 accelerates the bleach Mme‘ 5,430,074 7/1995 Barnes et al. 523/115 5,456,603 10/1995 Kowalyk et a1. ..................... .. 433/215 29 Claims, 1 Drawing Sheet U.S. Patent Nov. 21, 2000 6,149,895 6,149,895 1 2 DENTAL BLEACHING COMPOSITIONS, a source of active oxygen and the second component acti KITS & METHODS vates the bleaching activity of the ?rst component. The tWo components are maintained separately until the time of RELATED PATENT APPLICATION application to teeth. Besides the tWo components, there are various inactive components added to the dentifrice com This is a continuation-in-part patent application based on position. Among these are humectants, vehicles, surfactants, a PCT patent application Ser. No. PCT/US 98/02933 ?led thickeners, and colorants. The colorants may be pigments or Feb. 17, 1998 and entitled “Dental Bleaching Compositions, dyes and may be distributed uniformly throughout the a Kit, and Methods.” composition or be part of a striped dentifrice. In this case, it BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 10 is clear that the color moieties are present for cosmetic purposes only. The bleaching, or Whitening, of teeth is a subject of much QuasarBrite, manufactured by Interdent, Inc. is advertised current interest in the dental community. Besides the plea as a combination of 35% hydrogen peroxide With thermal surable effects of White teeth, discoloration of non-vital teeth absorption crystals in a translucent, semi-viscous bleaching is often a consequence of endodontic treatment or in trau 15 gel. It is advertised as complementary to the Argon laser. matiZed teeth Which have experienced a loss of pulpal There is no mention of color change or any other indication vitality. Vital teeth may become stained due to tetracycline of process completion. prescribed for the patient for various medical reasons. Other Another composition for bleaching teeth comprises aque causes of stained teeth may be drinking Water With a high ous hydrogen peroxide and a multiplicity of components mineral content, caffeine drinks, and the use of tobacco 20 Which are combined to treat the teeth in response to the products. Stains caused by these materials are not alWays application of optical energy as disclosed by Cornell in US. removable by conventional prophylactic treatment. Conven Pat. No. 5,032,178. This patent teaches the use of a gelling tional cleaning includes tooth brushing and/or the use of agent, an accelerator, a plasticiZer/thickening agent, and a dental rinses. means for establishing a ?xed time period for treating teeth There has been much recent interest in dentistry to Whiten 25 in response to the application of optical energy. A redox teeth. As discussed in Reality, The Information Source for indicator changes from green to colorless, indicating When Esthetic Dentistry 1996 edition, the available types of bleaching is complete. It also indicates if the peroxide is still bleaching materials can be classi?ed into three categories. poWerful enough to use for bleaching. The indicator is not These categories are poWer bleaching, assisted bleaching, said to accelerate, activate or in any Way enhance the and home bleaching. 30 bleaching ability of the peroxide. PoWer bleaching materials contain high concentrations of Recent technology in the dental bleaching art includes hydrogen peroxide or other source of active oxygen. Most Work by Jensen et al in US. Pat. Nos. 5,785,527 and dental bleaches are applied as gels or pastes Which are 5,858,332. In both of these patents, the storage stability of freshly prepared as needed in the dental operatory. Since the activated bleaching composition is emphasiZed. Various hydrogen peroxide is a liquid, a poWder is mixed With it for 35 other ingredients are present in the bleaching compositions thickening. There may also be other ingredients present, to help provide consistency and potency. There is no ingre such as catalysts or indicators. Light or heat is usually part dient mentioned as a color change or other visual indicator of poWer bleaching. of completion of bleaching. In US. Pat. No. 5,240,415, Haynie discloses a dental Smigel, in an article in the August 1996 issue of Dentistry 40 bleaching system With separately compartmented hydrogen Today discusses laser tooth Whitening in detail. In this peroxide and fumed silica. Haynie is concerned With trays article, he mentions that hydrogen peroxide is dif?cult to and storage compartments for the peroxide and carrier. break doWn and unleash its full potential for tooth Whiten There is no mention of any substances other than hydrogen ing. peroxide and silica for bleaching. There is also no mention 45 Prior to the present invention, compositions and methods of heat or light in the bleaching process. for Whitening teeth required a signi?cant amount of chair US. Pat. No. 5,645,428 to Yarborough utiliZes peroxide time for the patient. There Was also a higher cost to the mixed With a ?rst catalyst applied to the tooth, after Which dental practice in terms of special equipment, time and the tooth is exposed to light from an argon laser. Next, a supplies necessary for tooth Whitening. mixture of peroxide and a second catalyst are again applied 50 to the tooth and irradiated With a carbon dioxide laser. This SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION method employs a variety of other ingredients, including The present invention relates to poWer bleaching and it buffers, desensitiZers, thickeners and the like. It also men includes neW dental bleaching compositions, kits containing tions the use of magnesium sulfate as a photocatalyst. There these compositions, and methods of use. The bleaching is no component of this bleaching composition With pro 55 composition of this invention is mixed With an aqueous vides a distinct color change When the bleaching process is solution providing active oxygen to form a paste that is complete for that tooth. applied to teeth. The paste is then exposed to light energy. A A non-laser method for bleaching stained teeth by apply red dye in the bleaching composition greatly accelerates ing a concentrated solution of peroxide to stained teeth and Whitening of the teeth upon a brief exposure to the light. focusing a beam of light at the teeth has been patented by 60 Furthermore, the dye changes color to indicate When the Friedman in US. Pat. No. 4,661,070. The focused beam bleaching process is completed. contains the combination of ultraviolet and infrared energy This invention has several features, no single one of for activating the peroxide solution. There is no other Which is solely responsible for its desirable attributes. With chemical substance besides hydrogen peroxide in the Fried out limiting the scope of this invention as expressed by the man patent. 65 claims that folloW, its more prominent features Will be Gaffar et al in US. Pat. No. 5,648,064 disclose a tWo discussed here brie?y. After considering this discussion, and component Whitening dentifrice in Which one component is particularly after reading the section entitled “DETAILED 6,149,895 3 4 DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED A kit is used to conveniently organiZe for the dental EMBODIMENTS,” one Will understand hoW this invention practitioner the bleaching materials and application tools.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A Thesis Entitled Phor, Phop and Mshc
    A Thesis entitled PhoR, PhoP and MshC: Three essential proteins of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by Erica Loney Submitted to the Graduate Faculty as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Science Degree in Chemistry __________________________________ Dr. Donald R. Ronning, Committee Chair __________________________________ Dr. John J. Bellizzi, Committee Member __________________________________ Dr. Ronald Viola, Committee Member __________________________________ Dr. Patricia R. Komuniecki, Dean College of Graduate Studies The University of Toledo May 2014 Copyright 2014, Erica Loney This document is copyrighted material. Under copyright law, no parts of this document may be produced without the expressed permission of the author. An Abstract of PhoR, PhoP and MshC: Three essential proteins of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by Erica Loney Submitted to the Graduate Faculty as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Science Degree in Chemistry The University of Toledo May 2014 The tuberculosis (TB) pandemic is responsible for 1.6 million deaths annually, most of which occur in developing nations. TB is treatable, though patient non- compliance, co-infection with HIV, and the long, 6-9 month treatment regimen have resulted in the emergence of drug-resistant TB. For these reasons, the development of novel anti-tuberculin drugs is essential. Three proteins – PhoR, PhoP, and MshC – of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb), the causative agent of TB, are the focus of this thesis. The PhoPR two-component system is a phosphorelay system responsible for the virulence of M.tb. The histidine kinase PhoR responds to a yet-unknown environmental stimulus and autophosphorylates a conserved histidine. The phosphate is transferred to an aspartate of the response regulator PhoP, which then forms a head-to-head homodimer and initiates the transcription of 114 virulence genes.
    [Show full text]
  • The International Pharmacopoeia
    The International Pharmacopoeia THIRD EDITION Pharmacopoea internationalis Editio tertia Volume 4 Tests, methods, and general requirements Quality specifications for pharmaceutical substances, excipients, and dosage forms World Health Organization Geneva 1994 WHO Library Cataloguing in Publication Data The International Pharmacopoeia.- 3rd ed. Contents: v. 4. Tests, methods, and general requirements 1. Drugs -analysis 2. Drugs -standards ISBN 92 4 154462 7 (NLM Classification: QV 25) The World Health Organization welcomes requests for permission to reproduce or translate its publica- tions, in part or in full. Applications and enquiries should be addressed to the Of£ice of Publications, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, which will be glad to provide the latest information on any changes made to the text, plans for new editions, and reprints and translations already available. O World Health Organization, 1994 Publications of the World Health Organization enjoy copyright protection in accordance with the provi- sions of Protocol 2 of the Universal Copyright Convention. All rights reserved. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers' products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the World Health Organization in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted, the names of proprietary products are distin- guished by initial capital letters.
    [Show full text]
  • Third Supplement, FCC 11 Index / All-Trans-Lycopene / I-1
    Third Supplement, FCC 11 Index / All-trans-Lycopene / I-1 Index Titles of monographs are shown in the boldface type. A 2-Acetylpyridine, 20 Alcohol, 80%, 1524 3-Acetylpyridine, 21 Alcohol, 90%, 1524 Abbreviations, 6, 1726, 1776, 1826 2-Acetylpyrrole, 21 Alcohol, Absolute, 1524 Absolute Alcohol (Reagent), 5, 1725, 2-Acetyl Thiazole, 18 Alcohol, Aldehyde-Free, 1524 1775, 1825 Acetyl Valeryl, 562 Alcohol C-6, 579 Acacia, 556 Acetyl Value, 1400 Alcohol C-8, 863 ªAccuracyº, Defined, 1538 Achilleic Acid, 24 Alcohol C-9, 854 Acesulfame K, 9 Acid (Reagent), 5, 1725, 1775, 1825 Alcohol C-10, 362 Acesulfame Potassium, 9 Acid-Hydrolyzed Milk Protein, 22 Alcohol C-11, 1231 Acetal, 10 Acid-Hydrolyzed Proteins, 22 Alcohol C-12, 681 Acetaldehyde, 10 Acid Calcium Phosphate, 219, 1838 Alcohol C-16, 569 Acetaldehyde Diethyl Acetal, 10 Acid Hydrolysates of Proteins, 22 Alcohol Content of Ethyl Oxyhydrate Acetaldehyde Test Paper, 1535 Acidic Sodium Aluminum Phosphate, Flavor Chemicals (Other than Acetals (Essential Oils and Flavors), 1065 Essential Oils), 1437 1395 Acidified Sodium Chlorite Alcohol, Diluted, 1524 Acetanisole, 11 Solutions, 23 Alcoholic Potassium Hydroxide TS, Acetate C-10, 361 Acidity Determination by Iodometric 1524 Acetate Identification Test, 1321 Method, 1437 Alcoholometric Table, 1644 Aceteugenol, 464 Acid Magnesium Phosphate, 730 Aldehyde C-6, 571 Acetic Acid Furfurylester, 504 Acid Number (Rosins and Related Aldehyde C-7, 561 Acetic Acid, Glacial, 12 Substances), 1418 Aldehyde C-8, 857 Acetic Acid TS, Diluted, 1524 Acid Phosphatase
    [Show full text]
  • FCC 10, Second Supplement the Following Index Is for Convenience and Informational Use Only and Shall Not Be Used for Interpretive Purposes
    Index to FCC 10, Second Supplement The following Index is for convenience and informational use only and shall not be used for interpretive purposes. In addition to effective articles, this Index may also include items recently omitted from the FCC in the indicated Book or Supplement. The monographs and general tests and assay listed in this Index may reference other general test and assay specifications. The articles listed in this Index are not intended to be autonomous standards and should only be interpreted in the context of the entire FCC publication. For the most current version of the FCC please see the FCC Online. Second Supplement, FCC 10 Index / Allura Red AC / I-1 Index Titles of monographs are shown in the boldface type. A 2-Acetylpyrrole, 21 Alcohol, 90%, 1625 2-Acetyl Thiazole, 18 Alcohol, Absolute, 1624 Abbreviations, 7, 3779, 3827 Acetyl Valeryl, 608 Alcohol, Aldehyde-Free, 1625 Absolute Alcohol (Reagent), 5, 3777, Acetyl Value, 1510 Alcohol C-6, 626 3825 Achilleic Acid, 25 Alcohol C-8, 933 Acacia, 602 Acid (Reagent), 5, 3777, 3825 Alcohol C-9, 922 ªAccuracyº, Defined, 1641 Acid-Hydrolyzed Milk Protein, 22 Alcohol C-10, 390 Acesulfame K, 9 Acid-Hydrolyzed Proteins, 22 Alcohol C-11, 1328 Acesulfame Potassium, 9 Acid Calcium Phosphate, 240 Alcohol C-12, 738 Acetal, 10 Acid Hydrolysates of Proteins, 22 Alcohol C-16, 614 Acetaldehyde, 11 Acidic Sodium Aluminum Phosphate, Alcohol Content of Ethyl Oxyhydrate Acetaldehyde Diethyl Acetal, 10 1148 Flavor Chemicals (Other than Acetaldehyde Test Paper, 1636 Acidified Sodium Chlorite
    [Show full text]
  • (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 6,521,185 B1 Groger Et Al
    USOO6521185B1 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 6,521,185 B1 Groger et al. (45) Date of Patent: Feb. 18, 2003 (54) FLUORESCENT PROBES BASED ON THE Material Safety Data Sheet for Oxazine 750 Perchlorate, AFFINITY OF A POLYMER MATRIX FOR Exciton, Inc. (no date). AN ANALYTE OF INTEREST (75) Inventors: Howard P. Groger, Gainesville, FL (List continued on next page.) (US); Shufang Luo, Blacksburg, VA (US); K. Peter Lo, Blacksburg, VA (US); Martin Weiss, New Port Richey, Primary Examiner Jill Warden FL (US); James M. Sloan, Abingdon, (74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm-James Creighton Wray; MD (US); Russell J. Churchill, Meera P. Narasimhan Radford, VA (US) (57) ABSTRACT (73) Assignee: American Research Corporation of Virginia, Radford, VA (US) A highly-Sensitive, rapid response fluorescent probe is based on the affinity of a polymer matrix for an analyte of interest. (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this The probe includes a polymer matrix and a dye immobilized patent is extended or adjusted under 35 in the matrix. The polymer matrix has an affinity for an U.S.C. 154(b) by 1159 days. analyte of interest and the dye has little or no Sensitivity to the analyte of interest when excited by an excitation Source (21) Appl. No.: 08/553,773 in a free State but has significant Sensitivity to the analyte of (22) Filed: Oct. 23, 1995 interest when excited by the excitation Source when immo bilized in the matrix. Sensors incorporating the polymer/ (51) Int. Cl." ................................................ G01N 21/64 fluorophore probes of the present invention have the Sensi (52) U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Test Solutions 5321
    Accessed from 128.83.63.20 by nEwp0rt1 on Tue Jun 12 01:19:55 EDT 2012 First Supplement to USP 35±NF 30 Solutions / Test Solutions 5321 any necessary correction. Each mL of 0.1 N sodium thiosul- Acid Ferric Chloride TSÐMix 60 mL of glacial acetic fate is equivalent to 24.97 mg of CuSO4 ´ 5H2O. Adjust the acid with 5 mL of sulfuric acid, add 1 mL of ferric chloride final volume of the solution by the addition of enough of TS, mix, and cool. the mixture of hydrochloric acid and water so that each mL Acid Ferrous Sulfate TSÐSee Ferrous Sulfate, Acid, TS. contains 62.4 mg of CuSO4 ´ 5H2O. Acid Stannous Chloride TSÐSee Stannous Chloride, Acid, Ferric Chloride CSÐDissolve about 55 g of ferric chloride TS. (FeCl3 ´ 6H2O) in enough of a mixture of 25 mL of hydro- Acid Stannous Chloride TS, StrongerÐSee Stannous chloric acid and 975 mL of water to make 1000 mL. Pipet Chloride, Acid, TS. 10 mL of this solution into a 250-mL iodine flask, add 15 Albumen TSÐCarefully separate the white from the yolk mL of water, 3 g of potassium iodide, and 5 mL of hydro- of a strictly fresh hen's egg. Shake the white with 100 mL of chloric acid, and allow the mixture to stand for 15 minutes. water until mixed and all but the chalaza has undergone Dilute with 100 mL of water, and titrate the liberated iodine solution; then filter. Prepare the solution fresh. with 0.1 N sodium thiosulfate VS, adding 3 mL of starch TS Alcohol±Phenol TSÐDissolve 780 mg of phenol in alco- as the indicator.
    [Show full text]
  • Test Solutions 1069
    Accessed from 128.83.63.20 by nEwp0rt1 on Sat Dec 03 02:50:54 EST 2011 USP 35 Solutions / Test Solutions 1069 that the colorimetric reference solution and that of the spec- For the preparation of Test Solutions, use reagents of the imen under test are treated alike in all respects. The com- quality described under Reagents. parison of colors is best made in layers of equal depth, and Acetaldehyde TSÐMix 4 mL of acetaldehyde, 3 mL of viewed transversely against a white background (see also alcohol, and 1 mL of water. Prepare this solution fresh. Visual Comparison under Spectrophotometry and Light-Scatter- Acetate Buffer TSÐDissolve 320 g of ammonium acetate ing 〈851〉). It is particularly important that the solutions be in 500 mL of water, add 5 mL of glacial acetic acid, dilute compared at the same temperature, preferably 25°. with water to 1000.0 mL, and mix. This solution has a pH Cobaltous Chloride CSÐDissolve about 65 g of cobaltous between 5.9 and 6.0. chloride (CoCl2 ´ 6H2O) in enough of a mixture of 25 mL of Acetic Acid, Glacial, TSÐDetermine the water content hydrochloric acid and 975 mL of water to make 1000 mL. of a specimen of glacial acetic acid by the Titrimetric Method Pipet 5 mL of this solution into a 250-mL iodine flask, add 5 (see Water Determination 〈921〉). If the acid contains more mL of hydrogen peroxide TS and 15 mL of sodium hydrox- than 0.4% of water, add a few mL of acetic anhydride, mix, ide solution (1 in 5), boil for 10 minutes, cool, and add 2 g allow to stand overnight, and again determine the water of potassium iodide and 20 mL of dilute sulfuric acid (1 in content.
    [Show full text]
  • A Dissertation Entitled Structural and Enzymatic Studies of Essential
    A Dissertation entitled Structural and Enzymatic Studies of Essential Enzymes in Mycobacterium tuberculosis by Jared J. Lindenberger Submitted to the Graduate Faculty as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy Degree in Chemistry _________________________________________ Dr. Donald R. Ronning, Committee Chair _________________________________________ Dr. James T. Slama, Committee Member _________________________________________ Dr. Steven J. Sucheck, Committee Member _________________________________________ Dr. John J. Bellizzi, Committee Member _________________________________________ Dr. Patricia R. Komuniecki, Dean College of Graduate Studies The University of Toledo August 2015 Copyright 2015, Jared J. Lindenberger This document is copyrighted material. Under copyright law, no parts of this document may be reproduced without the expressed permission of the author. An Abstract of Structural and Enzymatic Studies of Essential Enzymes in Mycobacterium tuberculosis by Jared J. Lindenberger Submitted to the Graduate Faculty as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy Degree in Chemistry The University of Toledo August 2015 Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a global health threat. The World Health Organization estimates that nearly 8.6 million new TB cases were reported, and 1.3 million people succumbed to the disease in 2013. The persistence of TB globally is due in part to the hardiness of the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb), the etiological agent of TB, and the ability of M. tb to enter a dormant phase that complicates treatment. Typical therapeutic regimens to treat M. tb infections require at least 6 months of anti-tubercular drugs and patient non-compliance during this treatment period is thought to contribute to the selection of antibiotic resistant strains. In 2012, 1 in 5 cases of TB were multiply drug resistant (MDR-TB), while nearly 1 in 10 of these MDR-TB cases was also extensively drug resistant (XDR-TB).
    [Show full text]
  • Combined Compendium of Food Additive Specifications
    ISSN 1817-7077 F A O J E C F A M o n o g r a p h s 1 COMBINED COMPENDIUM OF FOOD ADDITIVE SPECIFICATIONS Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives All specifications monographs from the 1st to the 65th meeting (1956–2005) Volume 4 Analytical methods, test procedures and laboratory solutions used by and referenced in the food additive specifications ISSN 1817-7077 F A O J E C F A M o n o g r a p h s 1 COMBINED COMPENDIUM OF FOOD ADDITIVE SPECIFICATIONS Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives All specifications monographs from the 1st to the 65th meeting (1956–2005) Volume 4 Volume 1 Analytical methods, test procedures and laboratory solutions used by and referenced in the food additive specifications FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Rome, 2006 The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. ISBN 92-5-105569-6 All rights reserved. Reproduction and dissemination of material in this information product for educational or other non-commercial purposes are authorized without any prior written permission from the copyright holders provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of material in this information product for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without written permission of the copyright holders.
    [Show full text]
  • Organic & Inorganic
    Contents Analytical Reagents and Standards 9 Conductivity Standard Solutions 11 pH-buffer Solutions 12 Primary pH-buffer Solutions 12 Secondary pH-buffer Solutions 12 Colour Coded pH-buffer Solutions 13 Reference pH-buffer Solutions 13 Standards of Ethanol in Water 14 Analytical Volumetric Solutions 14 Concentrated Volumetric Solutions 18 Karl Fischer Standards 19 Reagents 19 European Pharmacopoeia Products 21 Opalescence and Coloration Solutions 23 Clarity and degree of opalescence of liquids 23 Degree of coloration of liquids 23 Solutions for Absorbtion Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet and Visible 24 European Pharmacopoeia 25 Reagents 25 Standard Solutions 31 Buffer Solutions33 Primary standards for volumetric solutions 36 Volumetric solutions 36 Residual solvents 38 U.S. Pharmacopoeia Products 41 Reagents, Indicators, and Solutions 43 Solutions acc. to Reagent Specifications 43 Buffer Solutions 44 Colorimetric Solutions (CS) 46 Indicator Solutions 46 Volumetric Solutions 46 Test Solutions (TS) 48 Indicators and Test Papers 54 General Tests for Reagents 54 7 British Pharmacopoeia Products 55 Appendix I A. General Reagents 57 Appendix I B. Volumetric reagents and solutions 66 Primary standards 66 Volumetric solutions 66 Appendix I C. Standard solutions 68 Appendix I D. Buffer solutions 71 Appendix IV A. Clarity of Solution 75 Appendix IV B. Colour of Solution 75 Primary solutions 75 Standard Solutions 75 Japanese Pharmacopoeia Products 77 Standard Solutions for Volumetric Analysis 79 Standard Solutions 80 Matching Fluids for Color 81 Reagents, Test Solutions 82 Indian Pharmacopoeia Products 97 Standard Buffer Solutions 99 General reagents 100 Indicators and indicators test papers 106 Standard solutions 107 Volumetric reagents and solutions 108 Molar Solutions 108 Preparation and Standardisation of Volumetric Solutions 108 Primary Standards 110 International Pharmacopoeia Products 111 General sales terms and conditions 129 8 Analytical Reagents and Standards 9 Conductivity Standard Solutions Produced and calibrated acc.
    [Show full text]
  • Eflunomide IDENTIFICATION of SMALL MOLECULE INHIBITORS
    IDENTIFICATION OF SMALL MOLECULE INHIBITORS OF POLYOMAVIRUS REPLICATION by Sandlin Preecs Seguin B.S. Biochemistry, Western Washington University, 2006 Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Arts and Sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Pittsburgh 2011 eflunomide UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH SCHOOL OF ARTS AND SCIENCES This dissertation was presented by Sandlin Preecs Seguin It was defended on June 29, 2011 and approved by Karen M. Arndt, Ph.D., Professor, Biological Sciences Ole Gjoerup, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine James M. Pipas, Ph.D., Professor, Biological Sciences Anthony M. Schwacha, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Biological Sciences Dissertation Advisor: Jeffery L. Brodsky, Ph.D., Professor, Biological Sciences ii Copyright © by Sandlin Seguin 2011 iii IDENTIFICATION OF SMALL MOLECULE INHIBITORS OF POLYOMAVIRUS REPLICATION Sandlin P. Seguin, Ph.D. University of Pittsburgh, 2011 Polyomaviruses (PyVs) are ubiquitous DNA viruses that are not generally associated with pathogenicity. However, in immunosuppressed populations, PyVs can cause diseases, including BK Virus associated nephropathy, hemorrhagic cystitis and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. There is currently no PyV specific inhibitor for these diseases. Because all PyVs express a conserved large T antigen (TAg) that is essential for viral replication, I hypothesized that inhibitors of the model TAg from Simian Virus 40 (SV40) would inhibit the replication of PyVs in general. TAg has multiple essential activities, but my work focused on the ATPase activity of TAg, which provides the helicase activity during viral replication. Two high throughput screens were performed on purified TAg to identify inhibitors of TAg ATPase activity.
    [Show full text]
  • Aldrich Dyes, Indicators, Nitro and Azo Compounds
    Aldrich Dyes, Indicators, Nitro and Azo Compounds Library Listing – 1,229 spectra Aldrich FT-IR spectral library related to dyes, indicators, alkynes, nitro and azo compounds. The Aldrich Material-Specific FT-IR Library collection represents a wide variety of the Aldrich Handbook of Fine Chemicals' most common chemicals divided by similar functional groups. These spectra were assembled from the Aldrich Collection of FT-IR Spectra and the data has been carefully examined and processed by Thermo. The molecular formula, CAS (Chemical Abstracts Services) registry number, when known, and the location number of the printed spectrum in The Aldrich Library of FT-IR Spectra are available. Aldrich Dyes, Indicators, Nitro and Azo Compounds Index Compound Name Index Compound Name 158 (2-(4- 37 1,1-DINITROETHANE (30% NITROPHENYL)ALLYL)TRIMETHY SOLUTION IN ETHYLENE LAMMONIUM IODIDE, 95% CHLORIDE) 138 (2R,3R)-(+)-3-(4- 363 1,1-DIPHENYL-2- NITROPHENYL)GLYCIDOL, 98% PICRYLHYDRAZINE, 97% 139 (2S,3S)-(-)-3-(4- 331 1,2,3-TRICHLORO-4- NITROPHENYL)GLYCIDOL, 98% NITROBENZENE, 97% 856 (4-BUTYLPHENYL)(4- 336 1,2,3-TRICHLORO-5- METHOXYPHENYL)DIAZENE NITROBENZENE, 96% MONOOXIDE, MIXTURE OF 1- 330 1,2,3-TRIFLUORO-4- OXIDE NITROBENZENE, 99% 157 (4- 369 1,2,4-TRICHLORO-5- NITROBENZYL)TRIMETHYLAMMO NITROBENZENE, 97% NIUM CHLORIDE, 98% 367 1,2,4-TRIFLUORO-5- 500 (R)-(+)-1-OCTYN-3-OL, 99% NITROBENZENE, 99% 151 (R)-ALPHA-METHYL-4- 229 1,2-(METHYLENEDIOXY)-4- NITROBENZYLAMINE NITROBENZENE, 98% HYDROCHLORIDE, 97% 425 1,2-DICHLORO-3- 603 (R,R)-(-)-N,N'-BIS(3,5-DI-TERT- NITRONAPHTHALENE-BIS(HEXA-
    [Show full text]