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Towards Holistic Panchayat Raj, Mani Shankar Aiyar

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Towards Holistic Panchayat Raj, Mani Shankar Aiyar TOWARDS HOLISTIC PANCHAYAT RAJ Twentieth Anniversary Report of the Expert Committee on Leveraging Panchayats For Efficient Delivery of Public Goods and Services VOLUME I POLICY ISSUES National Panchayat Raj Day 24 April 2013 i IN TRIBUTE TO THE FOUNDERS Shri Mani Shankar Aiyar Chairman Prof Thomas Isaac Shri Peelipose Thomas Smt Nirmala Buch Member Member Member Shri M.N Roy Shri Joe Madiath Dr M.V. Rao Member Member Member v Towards Holistic Panchayat Raj Mani Shankar Aiyar Mani Shankar Aiyar, former Union Minister of Panchayati Raj (2004-09) served as Joint Secretary to Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi (1985-88) during which period he was in- volved with the drafting of the Constitution amendment relating to Panchayati Raj. Subsequently, after being elected to Parliament in 1991, he served on the Joint Select Committee that prepared the 73rd amendment, now enshrined in the Constitution as Part IX (‘Panchayats’). He was born in Lahore on 10 April 1941 and after his educa- tion at The Doon School, St. Stephen’s College and Cambridge University joined the Indian Foreign Service in 1963 where he served for 26 years before seeking voluntary retirement in 1989 to take up an alternative career in politics and the media. He has served in the 10th, 13th and 14th Lok Sabhas and is now a nominated Member of the Rajya Sabha. He was conferred the Outstanding Parliamentarian Award, 2006. He has written widely on Panchayat Raj for the general press and learned journals, and has spoken on the subject from several platforms. He has an honorary doctorate from the Indian Institute of Mines and has been elected an Honorary Fellow of his Cambridge college, Trinity Hall. He has authored seven books and is a popular columnist and TV guest on current affairs and news. Prof. Thomas Isaac Prof. Thomas Isaac was a Fellow at the Centre for Development Studies, Thiruvanantha- puram. His specialisation has been in Political Economy, Labour Studies, Public Finance and Traditional Industries. He has authored ‘Modernization and Employment: The Coir Indus- try in Kerala’ (along with P. A. Van Stuijuenberg and K.N. Nair) Sage, 1993; ‘Democracy at work in an Industrial Cooperative: The story of Kerala Dinesh Beedi Cooperative’ (along with Richard Franke and Pyarelal Raghavan) Coenell University Press, 1998 and ‘Local De- mocracy and Development: The Kerala Peoples Campaign for Decentralized Planning’ (along with Richard Franke), Leftward Books, 2002. He has also authored more than two dozen books in Malayalam. ‘Kerala Land and People’ Kerala Sastra Sahitya Parishad, 1989, won the Kerala Sahitya Academy Award for the year 1989. He was a member of Kerala State Planning Board (1996-2001) and played a leading role in conceptualizing, designing and implementing Peoples Campaign for decentralized Planning, one of the most radical decentralization programmes in the country. He represented Mararikulam Constituency (2001-2011) and currently represents the Alappuzha Constituency in the Kerala Legislative Assembly. He was the finance minister in Kerala government (2006-2011). He is a Central Committee member of CPI (M). vi Towards Holistic Panchayat Raj Peelipose Thomas Born in October 1949 Peelipose Thomas was an active student leader. He was elected President of Kerala University Students Union which had 117 affiliated colleges in 1974. He completed his LL.B. from Government Law College, Trivandrum. He was elected as President of Koipuram Gram Panchayat in 1979. He served as President of Alleeppey District Panchayats Association (an association of Gram Panchayats) during 1979-1984. Peelipose Thomas was nominated as a member of the Kerala State Planning Board in 2005, where he was in charge of decentralized planning and local self-governments. He also served as member of the State Level Co-ordination committee for decentral- ized planning during his term as planning board member. He is a practicing Lawyer at District court at Pathanamthitta with 38 years standing, he had served as President of Pathanamthitta District Bar Association for two terms. Nirmala Buch Mrs. Nirmala Buch joined the Indian Administrative Service in 1960 and retired at the end of October 1993 after a long and distinguished service. She served as Devel- opment Commissioner cum Principal Secretary, Rural Development, Madhya Pradesh; Secretary, Rural Development, Government of India and Chief Secretary of Madhya Pradesh. At present she is President of the Mahila Chetna Manch, Bhopal and Mem- ber Executive of the Centre for Women’s Development Studies, New Delhi. She did her post graduation in English from Banaras Hindu University and was a Parvin Fellow in Woodrow Wilson School of Public Affairs, Princeton University, USA. She is an ex- pert in matters relating to Panchayat Raj and women empowerment. She has written extensively on issues of governance, public administration, functioning of Panchayat Raj and empowerment of women. Her publications include, (i) ‘The Law of Two Child Norm in Panchayats (five states)’, Concept, New Delhi 2006, (ii) ‘From Oppression to Assertion: Women and Panchayats in India’, Routlege 2010. M.N. Roy M.N. Roy was a member of the Indian Administrative Service and he retired from the service as Additional Chief Secretary of the Government of West Bengal in the year 2012. He did his M.Tech from Calcutta University before joining the IAS and after- wards did his Ph.D from the Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai. He was District Magistrate of Jalpaiguri and also of undivided Midnapore district, where he led the largest literacy movement of the country and also pioneered in organising a people’s movement on public health and sanitation. He served as Secretary/Principal Secretary vii Towards Holistic Panchayat Raj of several departments of the Government of West Bengal including the Panchayat & Rural Development Department. During his long tenure of more than eight years in the Panchayat & Rural Development Department, he was instrumental in deepen- ing the process of decentralisation in rural governance and strengthening the Pan- chayati Raj system in the State through several legal and administrative changes. He has served as member of many committees of the MoRD and the MoPR of the Govern- ment of India and the Task Force for Preparation of a Manual for District Planning of the Planning Commission. Shri Joe Madiath Joe Madiath is the Founder Executive Director of Gram Vikas, working in Odisha since 1979, in the areas of water and sanitation, renewable energy, education and environ- ment. Gram Vikas uses water and sanitation for 100% inclusive growth for all people. At present Gram Vikas is working in more than 1200 villages with a population of over 400,000 people. Quite a large proportion of its constituency comprises the in- digenous people. Joe Madiath is a founder member of the Voluntary Action Network India (VANI) and the Orissa Development Action Forum (ODAF). He currently serves on the Governing Board of several institutions including Council for Advancement of People’s Action and Rural Technologies (CAPART), Society for Participatory Research in Asia (PRIA) and BASIX. He has been a part of various consultative committees of the Central and State governments. He was the chairman of the working committee on Water and Sanitation for preparation of the 12th Five Year Plan. Dr. M.V. Rao Dr. M.V.Rao, is an IAS officer of 1988 batch and has considerable field experience in rural and tribal development. Dr. Rao has earlier served as Commissioner, Rural Devel- opment and Secretary, Govt. of West Bengal. He has also served as District Magistrate, Midnapore and Malda and as Senior Consultant, UNICEF. He did his Ph.D in Develop- ment Administration.Currently, he is working as Director General, National Institute of Rural Development, Hyderabad, a premier institute under the Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India. Dr. Rao has been working with the community for many years on innovative, practical and action oriented ideas for participatory development of the people at the grassroots. He has a number of published works to his credit: Persistence and Change in Tribal India – Saga of Tribal People of West Mid- napore (2012); Community Health in Community Hands (2003), and Development for the People: Innovations in Administration (2002). viii Towards Holistic Panchayat Raj PREFACE The 73rd and 74th amendments of the Constitution were passed by Parliament on 22/23 December 1992. After securing the endorsement of half the States of the Union and the consent of the President, as required by the Constitution, Part IX (‘The Panchayats’) was notified in the Gazette of India on 24 April 1993. Part IX A (‘The Municipalities’) followed a month later. In this Twentieth Anniversary Year of Constitutional Panchayat Raj, that is, Panchayat Raj with Constitutional sanction, status and sanctity, the Government of India in the Ministry of Panchayati Raj constituted an Expert Committee, with • Shri Mani Shankar Aiyar, MP (Rajya Sabha) and former Union Minister for Panchayati Raj (2004-09) as Chairman; and, as Members, • Prof. Thomas Isaac, former Kerala Minister of Finance; • ShriPeelipose Thomas, former Member, Kerala State Planning Board; • Smt. Nirmala Buch, IAS (Retd.), former Chief Secretary, Madhya Pradesh and Secretary, Rural Development, Government of India; • Shri Joe Madiath, Executive Director, Gram Vikas, Odisha • Shri Manabendra Nath Roy, IAS (Retd.) and former Principal Secretary, Panchayat Raj, West Bengal; and • Dr. M.V. Rao, Director-General, National Institute of Rural Development, as Member-Secretary. to examine how Panchayat Raj Institutions might be leveraged to secure the more effi- cient delivery of public goods and services. Although the Expert Committee was notified in the Gazette of India on 27 August 2012, it took the Chairman a few weeks, as a Member of Parliament, to secure from the Joint Committee on Offices of Profit the required clearance to take up his duties as Chairman. Accordingly, the Expert Committee held their inaugural meeting in New Delhi on 16 Oc- tober 2012 and their first substantive meeting at the National Institute of Rural Develop- ment, Hyderabad, on 18-19 November 2012.
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