John Jeremiah Cronin

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

John Jeremiah Cronin Department of History and Civilization THE IRISH ROYALIST ELITE OF CHARLES II IN EXILE, C. 1649-1660 John Jeremiah Cronin Thesis submitted for assessment with a view to obtaining the degree of Doctor of History and Civilization of the European University Institute Florence, May 2007 EUROPEAN UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE Department of History and Civilization THE IRISH ROYALIST ELITE OF CHARLES II IN EXILE, C. 1649-1660 John Jeremiah Cronin Thesis submitted for assessment with a view to obtaining the degree of Doctor of History and Civilization of the European University Institute Examining Board: Professor Laurence Fontaine, European University Institute, Supervisor Professor Bartolomé Yun-Casalilla, European University Institute Professor Toby Osborne, University of Durham Professor David Dickson, University of Dublin, Trintiy College © 2007, John Jeremiah Cronin No part of this thesis may be copied, reproduced or transmitted without prior permission of the author CRONIN, John Jeremiah (2007), The Irish Royalist Elite of Charles II In Exile, C. 1649-1660 European University Institute DOI: 10.2870/10360 Contents Acknowledgements iv Introduction 1 Section 1: The individual concerns and interests of the Irish royalist elite and the exile. Chapter 1: Exile: a necessity or a choice? 43 Chapter 2: Providing for themselves while on the Continent. 67 Chapter 3: The personal concerns of the Irish royalist elite and their contacts with their native countries. 110 Section 2: The exiled Stuart Court and the Irish royalist elite’s role as courtiers. Chapter 4: Companions and servants to a royal family: the Irish Courtiers and the organisation of life within the diverse households of the exiled Court. 145 Chapter 5: Acting as ministers and administrators to a royal family without a kingdom: the Irish courtiers’ role within a Court seeking to re-establish its political authority. 199 Chapter 6: Flourishing and floundering within the exiled Stuart Court: a case study of an individual’s behaviour within the exiled royal households. 252 Concluding remarks: The overall impact of the exile on the Stuart Court and its courtiers. 288 Section 3: International agents: The actions and behaviour of the Irish royalist elite as representatives of the Stuarts on the European political stage. Chapter 7: Representing the royalist cause to the Continental powers and communities. 301 Chapter 8: Representing the Stuart interest at home from abroad: the Irish Courtiers, the royalist Cause and the lost Stuart kingdoms. 358 ii CRONIN, John Jeremiah (2007), The Irish Royalist Elite of Charles II In Exile, C. 1649-1660 European University Institute DOI: 10.2870/10360 Concluding remarks General Conclusions: The significance of the exile for the Irish royalist elite. 397 Bibliography 410 Appendices 429 iii CRONIN, John Jeremiah (2007), The Irish Royalist Elite of Charles II In Exile, C. 1649-1660 European University Institute DOI: 10.2870/10360 Acknowledgements There are a number of people who have made this thesis possible. In fact, they come to a number which is too large to be reasonably dealt with here. Some people are going to be unjustifiably left out, and I only hope that they can forgive me. I am confident they will, however, because I have prior experience of how generous they can be. Let me begin by thanking my thesis supervisor, Professor Laurence Fontaine. Every time I came out of her office I was somewhat annoyed by her criticisms of my work. One day later, having thought about what she had said, I realised that I was fortunate to be working with her. After that, I can only say that any failings in this work are completely my own. No blame can or should be attached to her. If, on the other hand, there are praiseworthy elements in this thesis then they will undoubtedly bear her stamp. There are also others whose help must be acknowledged. My former supervisor from Galway, Professor Nicholas Canny, has likewise continued to be a pillar of support. Doctor Padraig Lenihan is another person whose assistance and friendship has proven to be invaluable and I am only too delighted to take the opportunity to thank him. These words of praise can also be extended to cover all of the academic staff at the EUI. Thanks should also be given to those who paid for my time in Florence. Their financial contribution gave me an invaluable life-enriching experience. Aside from the established academics I am fortunate to know, there have been fellow researchers in the EUI that have enriched my studies by sharing their expertise with me. I will single out three here for special mention in the hope that they will be allowed to stand for all the others as well; they are Sakari Saaritsa, Arnout Mertens and Balazs Apor. The latter character can also be described as a reasonably prominent actor in my social life while in Florence. He was not the only one. Euan MacDonald, Lorenzo Zucca, Srdjan Cvijic, Joe Corkin, Stefan Imhof, Andrew Glencross, Simon Boucher and everyone else who ever donned a jersey with the EUI soccer team or drank a beer in Bar Fiasco ( I think Euan and Balazs may have drank at least one there) have helped me pass what would have otherwise been wasted hours pleasurably. They have been ably aided and abetted in entertaining me (in my more megalomaniac moments I have imagined that this was their sole function in life) by many others. Fabian, Guido, Massimo, Clemens, iv CRONIN, John Jeremiah (2007), The Irish Royalist Elite of Charles II In Exile, C. 1649-1660 European University Institute DOI: 10.2870/10360 Eva, Dragana, Mehreen, Maria, Chris, Fadi and Sarah-Jane are names that spring to mind in this regard. Jesse Scott and Jennifer Hendry should be remembered here as well, and hopefully always will be. Others too, who are unfortunately unnamed here, can similarly take a bow. I ask all of them, be they named or unnamed, to remember that I am aging and I grow increasingly senile (and grumpy) every day. So, once again, please forgive me if I do not pay you all the respect that is due to you. Having paid tribute to my friends, permit me to acknowledge the contribution of my family. Maureen, Patrick and Samantha (my Mother, my Father and my sister) have always been pillars and their constant encouragement has always been appreciated. Other family members as well, particularly my brother-in-law David McGettrick and my nieces, Sasha and Tara were also generous to a fault and I thank them unreservedly. Finally, I shall finish up with a special word of praise for Evelyn. God knows how and why she has put up with me for the last number of years, but I am grateful that she has. Her companionship, love and encouragement (which, I hasten to add, took many forms and some of these forms did severe damage to my ear at times, but I know that it deserved it) have been a great gift to me. I look forward to enjoying them for many more years to come. v CRONIN, John Jeremiah (2007), The Irish Royalist Elite of Charles II In Exile, C. 1649-1660 European University Institute DOI: 10.2870/10360 Introduction & Section One I CRONIN, John Jeremiah (2007), The Irish Royalist Elite of Charles II In Exile, C. 1649-1660 European University Institute DOI: 10.2870/10360 Introduction This thesis on Irish elite exiles in Continental Europe, from c.1649-1660 will be a study of those politically, militarily, and socially influential Irish royalists, who are described as Ormondist in the existing historiography and who, in the wake of the victory of English Parliamentary forces in the civil wars of England, Scotland and Ireland of the 1640s and early 1650s, chose to follow the Court of the Stuart claimant to the thrones of those three kingdoms, Charles II, into exile on the Continent. The purpose of this thesis is to establish and advance a number of solutions to a particular set of questions. Principally, it will be concerned with assessing the extent of the impact that the exile had, if any, upon their lives. The thesis will examine what the particular problems that exile posed for this body of émigrés were and it will seek to look at how they attempted to deal with the difficulties that their predicament during these years forced upon them. As part of this, it will seek to resolve how being removed from patrimonies and their traditional zones of influence affected the way they handled their own personal concerns and interests, as well how it impacted upon the way they behaved in those other spheres of activity which were traditionally dominated by such an elite; namely governance and administration, court society and diplomacy. Aside from this, this work will also attempt to ascertain why exactly they ultimately chose exile in the first place and why they chose to use exile as a political and survival strategy. It is hoped to achieve a number of goals through the analysis of this group. As part of achieving these objectives, it is my intention to further illuminate the experience of Irish migrants on Continental Europe in the Early Modern period through the detailed examination of a relatively tightly knit, politically active and yet religiously diverse group of persons, who were also generally of high social status, had close associations with a royal Court and were comparatively cohesive in terms of their outlook on the political and military events of the 1640s. In other words, this assemblage of persons was in many ways different from those other Irish on the Continent at the time and will provide an interesting comparison with their Early Modern compatriots.
Recommended publications
  • Siochru-Atrocity
    The Past and Present Society Atrocity, Codes of Conduct and the Irish in the British Civil Wars 1641-1653 Author(s): Micheál Ó. Siochrú Source: Past & Present, No. 195 (May, 2007), pp. 55-86 Published by: Oxford University Press on behalf of The Past and Present Society Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/25096669 Accessed: 28-03-2017 16:22 UTC JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at http://about.jstor.org/terms Oxford University Press, The Past and Present Society are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Past & Present This content downloaded from 98.228.179.226 on Tue, 28 Mar 2017 16:22:58 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms ATROCITY, CODES OF CONDUCT AND THE IRISH IN THE BRITISH CIVIL WARS 1641-1653* To introduce the principle of moderation into the theory of war itself would always lead to logical absurdity. Clausewitz1 In Ireland, Oliver Cromwell's name will for ever be associated with the storming of the towns of Drogheda and Wexford in the autumn of 1649. The massacre of troops and civilians in both cases shocked contemporary Irish opinion and left a deep legacy of bitterness towards English colonial rule.
    [Show full text]
  • Hard-Rock Mining, Labor Unions, and Irish Nationalism in the Mountain West and Idaho, 1850-1900
    UNPOLISHED EMERALDS IN THE GEM STATE: HARD-ROCK MINING, LABOR UNIONS AND IRISH NATIONALISM IN THE MOUNTAIN WEST AND IDAHO, 1850-1900 by Victor D. Higgins A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in History Boise State University August 2017 © 2017 Victor D. Higgins ALL RIGHTS RESERVED BOISE STATE UNIVERSITY GRADUATE COLLEGE DEFENSE COMMITTEE AND FINAL READING APPROVALS of the thesis submitted by Victor D. Higgins Thesis Title: Unpolished Emeralds in the Gem State: Hard-rock Mining, Labor Unions, and Irish Nationalism in the Mountain West and Idaho, 1850-1900 Date of Final Oral Examination: 16 June 2017 The following individuals read and discussed the thesis submitted by student Victor D. Higgins, and they evaluated his presentation and response to questions during the final oral examination. They found that the student passed the final oral examination. John Bieter, Ph.D. Chair, Supervisory Committee Jill K. Gill, Ph.D. Member, Supervisory Committee Raymond J. Krohn, Ph.D. Member, Supervisory Committee The final reading approval of the thesis was granted by John Bieter, Ph.D., Chair of the Supervisory Committee. The thesis was approved by the Graduate College. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The author appreciates all the assistance rendered by Boise State University faculty and staff, and the university’s Basque Studies Program. Also, the Idaho Military Museum, the Idaho State Archives, the Northwest Museum of Arts and Culture, and the Wallace District Mining Museum, all of whom helped immensely with research. And of course, Hunnybunny for all her support and patience. iv ABSTRACT Irish immigration to the United States, extant since the 1600s, exponentially increased during the Irish Great Famine of 1845-52.
    [Show full text]
  • Ocm08458220-1808.Pdf (13.45Mb)
    1,1>N\1( AACHtVES ** Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2009 with funding from University of Massachusetts, Boston http://www.archive.org/details/pocketalmanackfo1808amer ; HUSETTS ttttter UnitedStates Calendar; For the Year of our LORD 13 8, the Thirty-fecond of American Independence* CONTAINING . Civil, Ecclrfaflirol, Juiicial, and Military Lids in MASSACHUSE i'TS ; Associations, and Corporate Institutions, tor literary, agricultural, .nd amritablt Purpofes. 4 Lift of Post-Towns in Majfacjufetts, with the the o s s , Names of P r-M a ters, Catalogues of the Officers of the GENERAL GOVERNMENT, its With feveral Departments and Eftabiifhments ; Tunes of jhc Sittings ol the feveral Courts ; Governors in each State ; Public Duties, &c. USEFUL TABLES And a Variety of other intereftiljg Articles. * boston : Publiflied by JOHN WEtT, and MANNING & LORING. Sold, wholesale and retail, at their Book -Stores, CornhUl- P*S# ^ytu^r.-^ryiyn^gw tfj§ : — ECLIPSES for 1808. will eclipfes .his THERE befiv* year ; three of the Sun, and two of the Moon, as follows : • I. The firit will be a total eclipfe of the Moon, on Tuefday morning, May io, which, if clear weather, will be viiible as follows : H. M. Commencement of the eclipfe 1 8^ The beginning or total darknefs 2 6 | Mean The middle of the eciiple - 2 53 )> iimc Ending of total darkneis - 3 40 | morning. "Ending of the eclipfe 4 ^8 J The duration of this is eclipfe 3 hours and 30 minutes ; the duration of total darkneis, 1 hour 34 minutes ; and the cbfcunty i8| digits, in the fouthern half of the earth's (hatiow.
    [Show full text]
  • 10 January 1977 – 21 December 1977
    MINUTES OF QUARTERLY MEETING OF WEXFORD BOROUGH COUNCIL HELD IN THE COUNCIL CHAMBER MUNICIPAL BUILDINGS WEXFORD ON MONDAY 10th JANUARY 1977 The members p resen t were Her Worship the Mayor, Councillor Mrs. Avril Doyle, p r e s id in g . Aldermen James Mahoney, Philip Corish, Peter Roche, Fergus Byrne. Councillors : K. Morris, John Roche, J. Furlong, Thomas C arr, J. Jenkins, T .F . Byrne. In attendance Mr. Michael N. Dillon, County Manager, Mr. Eamon Lacey, Acting Borough Surveyor, Mr. John Kennedy, Borough Accountant, Mr. Frank Kavanagh, Town Clerk. VOTES OF SYMPATHY The members passed a v o te o f sympathy w ith the w ife and relatives of the late Mr. T. Cullimore, Storekeeper, and the late Mr. Lorcan Kiernan, Staff Officer, Wexford County Council. The County Manager, on behalf of the staff, wished to be associated with the vote of sympathy. ADOPTION OF MINUTES On the proposition of Councillor T.F. Byrne and seconded by Her Worship the Mayor, the Council adopted the Minutes of the Adjourned Statutory Estimates Meeting held on 6th December 1976 and the Monthly Meeting held on 6th December 1976. INTERVIEWING FACILITIES AT MUNICIPAL BUILDINGS The following motion in the name of Alderman Philip Corish and seconded by Alderman P e te r Roche was adopted ’’That private interviewing facilities be provided in the Municipal Buildings for those making enquiries of a personal nature". The County Manager inform ed the members th at a N o tic e Board would be erected identifying the various offices. A member o f the p u b lic could then s ta te the nature o f t h e ir business to the Receptionist and would be directed to the appropriate office.
    [Show full text]
  • The Irish Catholic Episcopal Corps, 1657 – 1829: a Prosopographical Analysis
    THE IRISH CATHOLIC EPISCOPAL CORPS, 1657 – 1829: A PROSOPOGRAPHICAL ANALYSIS VOLUME 1 OF 2 BY ERIC A. DERR THESIS FOR THE DEGREE OF PHD DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY NATIONAL UNIVERISTY OF IRELAND MAYNOOTH SUPERVISOR OF RESEARCH: DR. THOMAS O’CONNOR NOVEMBER 2013 Abstract This study explores, reconstructs and evaluates the social, political, educational and economic worlds of the Irish Catholic episcopal corps appointed between 1657 and 1829 by creating a prosopographical profile of this episcopal cohort. The central aim of this study is to reconstruct the profile of this episcopate to serve as a context to evaluate the ‘achievements’ of the four episcopal generations that emerged: 1657-1684; 1685- 1766; 1767-1800 and 1801-1829. The first generation of Irish bishops were largely influenced by the complex political and religious situation of Ireland following the Cromwellian wars and Interregnum. This episcopal cohort sought greater engagement with the restored Stuart Court while at the same time solidified their links with continental agencies. With the accession of James II (1685), a new generation of bishops emerged characterised by their loyalty to the Stuart Court and, following his exile and the enactment of new penal legislation, their ability to endure political and economic marginalisation. Through the creation of a prosopographical database, this study has nuanced and reconstructed the historical profile of the Jacobite episcopal corps and has shown that the Irish episcopate under the penal regime was not only relatively well-organised but was well-engaged in reforming the Irish church, albeit with limited resources. By the mid-eighteenth century, the post-Jacobite generation (1767-1800) emerged and were characterised by their re-organisation of the Irish Church, most notably the establishment of a domestic seminary system and the setting up and manning of a national parochial system.
    [Show full text]
  • O'brien Cahirmoyle LIST 64
    Leabharlann Naisiúnta na hÉireann National Library of Ireland Collection List No. 64 PAPERS OF THE FAMILY OF O’BRIEN OF CAHIRMOYLE, CO. LIMERICK (MSS 34,271-34,277; 34,295-34,299; 36,694-36,906) (Accession No. 5614) Papers of the descendents of William Smith O’Brien, including papers of the painter Dermod O’Brien and his wife Mabel Compiled by Peter Kenny, 2002-2003 Contents Introduction 7 The family 7 The papers 7 Bibliography 8 I. Land tenure 9 I.1. Altamira, Co. Cork 9 I.2 Ballybeggane 9 I.3. Bawnmore 9 I.4. Cahirmoyle 9 I.5. Clanwilliam (Barony) 11 I.6. Clorane 11 I.7. The Commons, Connello Upper 11 I.8. Connello (Barony) 11 I.9. Coolaleen 11 I.10. Cork City, Co. Cork 11 I.11. Dromloghan 12 I.12. Garrynderk 12 I.13. Glanduff 12 I.14. Graigue 12 I.15. Killagholehane 13 I.16. Kilcoonra 12 I.17. Killonahan 13 I.18. Killoughteen 13 I.19. Kilmurry (Archer) 14 I.20. Kilscannell 15 I.21. Knockroedermot 16 I.22. Ligadoon 16 I.23. Liscarroll, Co. Cork 18 I.24. Liskillen 18 I.25. Loghill 18 I.26. Mount Plummer 19 I.27. Moyge Upper, Co. Cork 19 I.28. Rathgonan 20 2 I.29. Rathnaseer 21 I.30. Rathreagh 22 I.31. Reens 22 I.32 Correspondence etc. relating to property, finance and legal matters 23 II. Family Correspondence 25 II.1. Edward William O’Brien to his sister, Charlotte Grace O’Brien 25 II.2. Edward William O’Brien to his sister, Lucy Josephine Gwynn (d.
    [Show full text]
  • Documents from the Thomond Papers at Petworth House Archive1 [With Index]
    Luke McInerney Documents from the Thomond Papers at Petworth House Archive1 [with index] The Petworth House Archive (PHA) is an important and under-exploited repository for research into seventeenth and eighteenth-century Co. Clare. Petworth House, the historic seat of the earls of Egremont, holds primary source material relating to the estates of the earls of Thomond in North Munster, chiefly for Co. Clare but also Co. Limerick and Co. Tipperary. The material preserved at Petworth contains a range of material includ- ing estate management documentation, correspondence, accounts, legal papers, military, parliamentary papers, family history, maps and surveys.2 Only a small proportion of the tens of thousands of documents in the archive relate to the earls of Thomond’s Irish estates and the surviving ‘Thomond papers’ probably represent only a fraction of the original col- lection, loss and damage having taken its toll. Not all of the Thomond material is listed in the current Petworth catalogue; a large portion of the material is still available only in an unpublished early nineteenth-century manuscript catalogue. For historians of Gaelic Ireland the Thomond papers are notewor- thy as they contain detail on landholding at different social levels; key legal instruments such as inquisitions post mortem of Connor O’Brien (1581) third earl of Thomond, and Donough O’Brien (1624) fourth earl of Thomond, are preserved in the archive, along with petitions and leases of Gaelic freeholders. Freeholders of sept-lineages petitioned for restoration of their lands as they were increasingly disenfranchised in the new land- holding matrix of seventeenth century Co.
    [Show full text]
  • The Politics of Catholic Versus Protestant and Understandings of Personal Affairs in Restoration Ireland
    Studi irlandesi. A Journal of Irish Studies, n. 5 (2015), pp. 171-181 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.13128/SIJIS-2239-3978-16344 The Politics of Catholic versus Protestant and Understandings of Personal Affairs in Restoration Ireland Danielle McCormack Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań (<[email protected]>) Abstract: Between 1641 and 1652, Ireland was ravaged by war and monarchy was replaced by the Cromwellian Commonwealth and Protector- ate regimes. The armies of Oliver Cromwell conquered Ireland and Catholic landowners were dispossessed and transplanted. The res- toration of the Stuarts in 1660 opened up the prospect that these changes might be undone. Catholics set the tone for debate in the 1660s, challenging Protestant dominance. Catholic assertiveness led to panic throughout the Protestant colonies, and the interpretation of domestic strife and personal tragedy in the context of competition between Catholic and Protestant. This article will recreate the climate of mistrust which obtained within the community before moving to a unique analysis of the impact which this could have on the family. Keywords: Early modern Ireland, marriage, political history, sectari- anism, Stuart restoration On 29 May 1660, the Stuart monarchy was officially restored in Ireland, Scotland and England, following eleven years of Interregnum. Throughout the Interregnum, the monarch, Charles II, who had been crowned king of the three kingdoms by the Scots in 1649, had been in exile on the European con- tinent. Officially, the Stuart restoration marked a return to the status quo ante and the obliteration of the constitutional changes that had been wrought dur- ing the 1650s by the Cromwellian Commonwealth and Protectorate regimes.
    [Show full text]
  • JOHN SHOVLIN History Department New York University 53 Washington Square South New York, NY 10012 [email protected] 212-998-8
    JOHN SHOVLIN History Department New York University 53 Washington Square South New York, NY 10012 [email protected] 212-998-8639 ACADEMIC POSITIONS New York University, History Department, Associate Professor, 2008–present; Assistant Professor, 2005–08. Harvard University, Center for European Studies, Visiting Scholar, 2009–10. Institut National d’Études Démographiques (INED), Paris, Visiting Scholar, associated with project “Production et diffusion des savoirs économiques, 1750-1950,” fall 2006. Hobart and William Smith Colleges, History Department, Associate Professor, 2004–05; Assistant Professor, 1998–2004; lecturer, 1997–98. EDUCATION Ph.D., in history, with distinction, University of Chicago, 1998. Thesis: “Luxury, Political Economy, and the Rise of Commercial Society in Eighteenth- Century France.” Advised by William H. Sewell, Jr., Jan E. Goldstein, and Colin Lucas. M.A., in history, University of Chicago, 1992. A.B., summa cum laude, concentration in history, Harvard University, 1991. Thomas T. Hoopes Prize for undergraduate honors thesis, May 1991. AWARDS AND FELLOWSHIPS National Endowment for the Humanities Fellowship, 2015–16. Prix Brives Cazes, Académie Nationale des Sciences Belles-Lettres et Arts de Bordeaux, awarded for the best work on Bordeaux’s regional history, 2014. Humanities Initiative Grant, New York University, 2012–13. Minda de Gunzburg Center for European Studies, Harvard University, Visiting Scholar, 2009–10. Remarque Institute Faculty Fellow, New York University, spring 2007. Visiting Scholar, Institut National d’Études Démographiques (INED), Paris, associated with project “Production et diffusion des savoirs économiques, 1750-1950,” fall 2006. Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Faculty Research Grant, 1998–02. National Endowment for the Humanities, summer fellowship, 2001. Andrew W.
    [Show full text]
  • Royal House of Thomond Y-DNA Descendants' Tree
    Royal House R - L226 – Irish Type 3 – The Dal gCais Clan The DNA Haplogroup known as R-L226 dates back to the earliest times of Celtic Ireland. Recent research has shown that R- of R-FGC5659 YFS231286 dates from around the 12th Century. However, because Brian Bóruma mac of the known connection between King Brian Boru and the current Thomond R-DC782 Cennétig - Prince of Thomond, Baron Inchiquin, we can now claim that any male with the YFS231286 haplogroup in their DNA make-up is Y-DNA Descendants’ R-Y5610 King Brian Boru certainly a descendant of the Royal House of Thomond. Tree Line cont’d for 15 generations till (941 – 1014) 1400’s. R-DC1 R-YFS231286 R-DC1344 R- FT120219 Morrissey family R-DC311 Co. Limerick King Torlough VI O’Brien Toirdhealbhach Donn mac Taidhg Ó Briain c. 1455 d. 1528 King Murrough Ó Briain R-BY5212 King Conor IV O’Brien c. 1485 d.1543 c. 1480 d. 1539 O’Dea families R-FGC13418 R-DC768 Co. Clare R-DC1542 (After 1500) R- DC344 L226 Pre 500AD FGC5659 Pre 900AD DC782 Bet 900 – 1050AD Line continues for 8 generations till 1773 1773 till generations 8 for continues Line This line splits within 2 Y5610 Bet 900 – 1200AD generations DC1 Bet 1000 – 1150AD Family Family Family O’Brien families YFS231286 Bet 1150 – 1300AD settled in stayed in settled in of Ennis, Clare L226 Pre 500AD USA Ireland Australia DC1344 Bet 1300 – 1400AD FT120219 Bet 1300 – 1400AD R-DC310 BY5212 Bet 1400– 1550AD FGC13418 Post 1500AD Split sometime of Smithtown, Co.
    [Show full text]
  • The Development of the Study of Seventeenth-Century History Author(S): C
    The Development of the Study of Seventeenth-Century History Author(s): C. H. Firth Source: Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, Vol. 7 (1913), pp. 25-48 Published by: Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Royal Historical Society Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/3678415 Accessed: 26-06-2016 17:12 UTC Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at http://about.jstor.org/terms JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Cambridge University Press, Royal Historical Society are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Transactions of the Royal Historical Society This content downloaded from 128.110.184.42 on Sun, 26 Jun 2016 17:12:47 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE STUDY OF SEVENTEENTH-CENTURY HISTORY By Professor C. H. FIRTH, LL.D., F.B.A., President (1913). Read May 15, 1913. MY purpose is to trace the development of the study of one particular century in our national history, to show how the knowledge we now possess of it was acquired; how gradually the darkness which overhung the time was dissipated and the truth part by part revealed, and finally by what hands this work was achieved; and by what general causes its progress was promoted or retarded.
    [Show full text]
  • James I and Gunpowder Treason Day.', Historical Journal., 64 (2)
    Durham Research Online Deposited in DRO: 01 October 2020 Version of attached le: Accepted Version Peer-review status of attached le: Peer-reviewed Citation for published item: Williamson, P. and Mears, N. (2021) 'James I and Gunpowder treason day.', Historical journal., 64 (2). pp. 185-210. Further information on publisher's website: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0018246X20000497 Publisher's copyright statement: This article has been published in a revised form in Historical Journal https://doi.org/10.1017/S0018246X20000497. This version is published under a Creative Commons CC-BY-NC-ND. No commercial re-distribution or re-use allowed. Derivative works cannot be distributed. c The Author(s) 2020. Additional information: Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. Durham University Library, Stockton Road, Durham DH1 3LY, United Kingdom Tel : +44 (0)191 334 3042 | Fax : +44 (0)191 334 2971 https://dro.dur.ac.uk JAMES I AND GUNPOWDER TREASON DAY* PHILIP WILLIAMSON AND NATALIE MEARS University of Durham Abstract: The assumed source of the annual early-modern English commemoration of Gunpowder treason day on 5 November – and its modern legacy, ‘Guy Fawkes day’ or ‘Bonfire night’ – has been an act of parliament in 1606.
    [Show full text]