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Autorité Maritime, Portuaire Et Ferroviaire (AMPF–BURUNDI)

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Autorité Maritime, Portuaire Et Ferroviaire (AMPF–BURUNDI) Autorité Maritime, Portuaire et Ferroviaire (AMPF–BURUNDI) PROJET DE DEVELOPPEMENT DU CORRIDOR DE TRANSPORT SUR LE PORT DE BUJUMBURA ET DU LAC TANGANYIKA ET LA REHABILITATION DES VOIES D’ACCES AU PORT ETUDE D’IMPACT ENVIRONNEMENTAL ET SOCIAL ET DU PLAN DE GES- TION ENVIRONNEMENTALE ET SOCIALE Août, 2019 TABLE DES MATIERES ACRONYMES ................................................................................................................................... vi RESUME EXHAUSTIF ..................................................................................................................... vii LISTE DES FIGURES ..................................................................................................................... xxxii LISTE DES TABLEAUX ................................................................................................................. xxxiv 1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................... 1 1.1. Contexte et justification de l’étude ........................................................................................ 1 1.2. Approche méthodologique générale ..................................................................................... 2 2. DESCRIPTION DU PROJET ........................................................................................................... 3 2.1. Situation géographique, historique et importance du Port de Bujumbura. ....................... 3 2.2. Situation géographique et état des voies d’accès au Port de Bujumbura. .......................... 4 2.3. Justification du projet .............................................................................................................. 5 2.3. Contexte général ..................................................................................................................... 6 2.4. Activités prévues dans le cadre du projet .............................................................................. 6 2.4.1. Réhabilitation d‘ouvrages .................................................................................................... 6 2.4.1.1. Quai cargo ou quai sud ..................................................................................................... 7 2.4.1.2. Quai dit « conteneur 2» ou quai Nord ; ........................................................................... 8 2.4.2.1.3. Jetée Nord .................................................................................................................... 10 2.4.2. Construction d’ouvrages .................................................................................................... 11 2.4.2.1. Digue à talus .................................................................................................................... 11 2.4.2.3. Quais de la darse de la Marine ....................................................................................... 12 2.4.2.4. Quai passagers / Roro. .................................................................................................... 13 2.4.3. Travaux de dragages, d’excavation ................................................................................... 14 2.4.4. Travaux de terrassements .................................................................................................. 15 2.4.5. Démolition d’ouvrages ....................................................................................................... 16 2.4.6. Equipements, navires et outillages .................................................................................... 18 2.4.7. Réhabilitation/aménagement des voies d’accès au Port de Bujumbura ........................ 20 2.5. Autres Projets dans le Corridor ............................................................................................. 21 2.5.1. Projet de Facilitation du Commerce dans la Région des Grands-Lacs (PFCGL-II). .......... 21 2.5.2. Projet d’extension et de modernisation du Port de Bujumbura financé par JICA ......... 22 2.5.3. Projet d’acquisition d’un Ferry-boat sur le lac Tanganyika ............................................. 22 2.5.4. Projet de développement des infrastructures autour du Lac Tanganyika ...................... 23 2.5.5. Projet de recherche et de sauvetage sur le Lac Tanganyika ........................................... 23 2.5.6. Projet de Gestion Environnementale du bassin du lac Tanganyika, Lake Tanganyika Environnemental Management Project (LTEMP) ....................................................................... 24 2.5.7. Projet de Gestion Intégrée des Ressources Transfrontalières en Eau dans le Bassin du Lac Tanganyika- Projet ENABEL .................................................................................................... 25 2.5.8. Projet des voies de contournement de la ville de Bujumbura ......................................... 26 3. ANALYSE DES VARIANTES ET ALTERNATIVES AU PROJET ....................................................... 28 i 3.1. Alternative ‘Sans Projet’ ........................................................................................................ 28 3.2. Alternative ‘avec Projet’ ........................................................................................................ 28 3.3 Alternative retenue et justification ....................................................................................... 29 4. CADRE POLITIQUE, INSTUTIONNEL ET JURIDIQUE EN MATIÈRE D’ENVIRONNEMENT ........ 30 4.1.. Cadre politique en matière de gestion de l’environnement au Burundi ........................... 30 4.1.1. Politique sectorielle de l’environnement au Burundi ....................................................... 30 4.1.2. Stratégie Nationale de l’Environnement du Burundi (SNEB) ........................................... 30 4.1.3. Approche nationale en matière de restauration .............................................................. 31 4.2. Cadre institutionnel en matière de gestion de l’environnement au Burundi ................... 31 4.3. Cadre juridique national ........................................................................................................ 32 4.3.1. Code de l’environnement .................................................................................................. 32 4.3.2. Décret n°100/22 du 07 octobre 2010 portant mesures d’application du code de l’environnement en rapport avec la procédure d’étude d’impact environnemental ............... 33 4.3.3. Code foncier ........................................................................................................................ 33 4.3.4. Code de l’eau et ses textes d’application .......................................................................... 34 4.3.5. Code minier......................................................................................................................... 35 4.3.6. Loi n°1/11 du 16 mai 2010 portant code de navigation et de transport lacustre .......... 36 4.3.7. Code du travail .................................................................................................................... 36 4.4. Politiques de Sauvegardes Intégrées de la BAD : Sauvegardes Opérationnelle ................. 37 4.4.1. Évaluation environnementale et sociale (SO1) ................................................................. 37 4.4.2. Réinstallation involontaire (SO2) : Acquisition de terres, déplacements de populations et indemnisation ........................................................................................................................... 39 4.4.3. Sauvegarde opérationnelle 3 (SO3)- Biodiversité, ressources renouvelables et services ............................................................................................................ 39 4.4.4. Sauvegarde opérationnelle 4 (SO4) – Prévention et contrôle de la pollution, matières dangereuses et utilisation efficiente des ressources .................................................................. 40 4.4.5. Sauvegarde opérationnelle 5 (SO5) ‑ Conditions de travail, santé et sécurité ............... 41 4.5. Conventions, accords et traités internationaux ratifiés par le Burundi .............................. 41 5. DESCRIPTION DE L’ETAT INITIAL DE L’ENVIRONNEMENT DE LA ZONE DU PROJET .............. 43 5.1. Environnement physique ...................................................................................................... 43 5.1.1. Situation géographique et découpage administratif de la zone d’influence du projet .. 43 5.1.2. Caractéristiques physiques ................................................................................................ 45 5.2. Caractéristiques biologiques ................................................................................................. 51 5.2.1. Flore .................................................................................................................................... 51 5.2.2. Faune ................................................................................................................................... 51 5.3. Environnement socio-économiques et culturel. .................................................................. 53 5.3.1. Données démographiques ................................................................................................. 53 5.3.2. Situation économique ........................................................................................................ 54 5.3.2.1.
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