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(Muğl ) O Ho Kly Ġġ Ġ Ġcġl NK NĠ Ġ Ġ N ĠLĠML Ġ N Ġ OK O Ġ G LL K KÖ ĠN (MUĞL ) O HO K L Y Ġġ Ġ ĠCĠLĠĞĠ Y PIL N L K (Dicentrarchus labrax) ÇĠPU (Sparus aurata) LIKL IN ULUN N K OP Ġ L ĠN LĠ L NM Ġ Quyet PHAN VAN U NL Ġ N ĠLĠM LI ANKARA 2020 Her hakkı saklıdır Ö DOKTORA TEZI G LL K KOR Z N (MUĞLA) O SHOR KA SL R Y T ŞT R C L Ğ YAPILAN L VR K (Dicentrarchus labrax) V ÇIPURA (Sparus aurata) ALIKLARIN A ULUNAN KTOPARAZ TL R N L RL NM S Quyet PHAN VAN Ankara niversitesi Fen ilimleri nstit s Su r nleri Ana ilim alı anı man: Prof r Hijran YAVUZCAN u tez alı masında, G ll k Körfezinde ulunan off-shore kafeslerde yeti tiricili i yapılan levrek (Dicentrarchus labrax) ve ipura (Sparus aurata) alıklarında ulunan ektoparazitler mevsimsel olarak incelenmi tir Çalı mada 175 adet levrek ve 175 ipura olmak zere toplam 35 alık incelenmi tir alıklarda yapılan incelemeler soncunda genel parazit prevalansı levrek alıklarında %97 14, ipura alıklarında ise %5 8 olarak elirlenmi tir Levrek alıklarında tespit edilen ektoparazitlerden Diplectanum aequans, Lernanthropus kroyeri ve Amyloodinium ocellatum t rlerinin prevalansı sırasıyla %82.28, %58 85 ve %4 57 olarak elirlenmi tir Levrek alıklarında parazitlere ait ortalama bolluk de erleri; D. aequans i in 4 61± 56, L. kroyeri i in 1 33± 15 ve A. ocellatum i in 0.10± 4 olarak saptanmı tır Levrek alıklarında parazitlerin ortalama yo unlukları, D. aequans i in 5 61± 56, L. kroyeri i in 6± 17 ve A. ocellatum i in 37± 73 olarak elirlenmi tir Çipura alıklarında, iki ektoparazit parazit t r ; Sparicotyle chrysophrii ve D. aequans saptanmı tır, u t rlerin prevalansı sırasıyla %4 85 ve %4 7 olarak saptanmı tır Çipurada parazitlere ait ortalama bolluk de erleri; S. chrysophrii i in 4± 51 ve D. aequans i in ±0.10 olarak elirlenmi tir Ortalama yo unlukları ise S. chrysophrii i in 5 4± 96 ve D. aequans i in 3 ± 85 olarak elirlenmi tir Parazitlerin ortalama uzunlukları, A. ocellatum'da 21.25±4.25 µm, D. aequans ta 494 8±51.73 µm, S. chrysophrii'de 870.22±76.11 µm olarak öl lm t r i i L. kroyeri parazit t r n n ortalama uzunlu u 1233.42±49.51 µm, erkek L. kroyeri parazit t r n n ise 1 4 50±34 5 µm olarak öl lm t r alıkların solunga larında gözlemlenen klinik elirtilerden soluk renk, kanamalar, mukus salgısında artı ve filamentlerde erozyonlar en ok rastlanan belirtilerdir elirtiler arasında solunga larda kanama ve a ırı mukus salgısının daha yaygın oldu u gör lm t r Genel olarak ektoparazit prevalansı levrek alıklarında ok y ksek ulunsa da ipura alıklarında saptanan parazit prevalansı da önemli d zeyde y ksektir ktoparazitlerden D. aequans levrek zerinde en fazla ulunan t r iken S. chrysophrii, ipurada ulunan yaygın t r olarak tespit edilmi tir Kasım 2020, 112 sayfa Anahtar Kelimeler: Levrek (Dicentrarchus labrax), ipura (Sparus aurata), off-shore yeti itiricilik, ektoparazit ii ABSTRACT Ph.D. Thesis ASSESSING THE ECTOPARASITES OF SEA BASS (Dicentrarchus labrax) AND SEA BREAM (Sparus aurata) IN O SHOR CAG S IN TH G LL K AY (MUĞLA) Quyet PHAN VAN Ankara University Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries Supervisor: Prof.Dr. Hijran YAVUZCAN In the present study, European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and sea bream (Sparus aurata) cultured in off-shore sea cages in G ll k ay, Mu la were studied for the occurence of ectoparasites seasonally. A total of 350 fish including 175 sea bass and 175 sea bream from off shore cages were examined. The overall prevalence value of ectoparasites was 97.14% for sea bass and 50.28% for sea bream. In sea bass, the overall prevalences of Diplectanum aequans, Lernanthropus kroyeri and Amyloodinium ocellatum were 82.28%, 58.85% and 4.57%, respectively; the mean abundance of D. aequans was 4.61± 56, L. kroyeri 1.33± 15 and A. ocellatum 0.10±0.04; the mean intensity values of D. aequans, L. kroyeri and A. ocellatum were 5.61± 56, 2.26± 17 and 2.37± 73, respectively. In sea bream, the prevalences of Sparicotyle chrysophrii and D. aequans were 42.85% and 4.72%, respectively. The mean abundance values of S. chrysophrii and D. aequans were 2.24± 51 and 0.22± 1 , respectively, and the mean intensities were 5.24± 96 and 3.00± 85, respectively. The mean lengths of A. ocellatum, D. aequans and S. chrysophrii were 21.25±4.25, 494.08±51.73 and 870.22±76.11 µm, respectively The mean lengths of L. kroyeri female (1233.42±49.51 µm) was higher than that of L. kroyeri male individuals (1042.50±34.50 µm) The four main clinical signs of the fish gills (pale color, haemorragie, excessive mucus and erosions in gill filaments) were observed, but the incidence of haemorragie and excessive mucus on the gills were more common in both fish species. In conclusion, it was concluded that the infestation rate of ectoparasites was higher in sea bass and relatively lower in sea bream. Among the ectoparasites detected, D. aequans was the most found species in sea bass and S. chrysophrii was highly common in sea bream. November 2020, 112 pages Key Words: sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), sea bream (Sparus aurata), off-shore cages, ectoparasite iii ġ KK oktora programına a ladı ım g nden iti aren, ilgisini, eme ini, samimiyetini ve yardımlarını esirgemeyen danı man hocam sayın Prof r Hijran YAVUZCAN a, T K yeleri, sayın Prof r Hasan H seyin ATAR a ve Prof r Kenan NG N e ve Ankara niversitesi Ziraat ak ltesi Su r nleri M hendisli i Ö retim yeleri ile personeline te ekk r ederim G ll k körfezi kafes yeti tiricili i i letmesinde yardımlarını esirgemeyen Hasan KÖST KÇI, Önur K NKÇ ve Özlem ALP R e, AK-YA Veteriner Klini i itim anı manlık Hizmetlerinden Özge OTGUCUOĞLU ve ilara ÇAM a te ekk r or bilirim. Laboratuvar alı malarımda ve tez yazım s recinde yardımlarını görd m de erli r Tolga COŞKUN a, r G l ŞAH N TAN R, r Adayı A dolsaleh QARANJIKI, Murat PARLAK a ve Ara tırma görevlisi de erli ilgenur HARMANSA a da kranlarımı sunarım Son olarak doktora e itim hayatıma önem ve destek veren, akademik alı malar yapmam i in eni s rekli te vik eden ve yönlendiren ailem ve sevgili e ime i ten te ekk rlerimi sunarım u tez alı ması, ‘ Zostera spp , Sekonder Meta olitlerinin Sitotoksik Aktivitesini alık Hastalıklarının Kontrol nde Kullanımı Potansiyeli: Meta olitlerin in vitro Anti- Parazitik Crustacea Kapasitesinin elirlenmesi tarafından desteklenmi tir Quyet PHAN VAN Ankara, Kasım 2020 iv ĠÇĠN KĠL TEZ ONAYI ĠK ................................................................................................................................. i Ö ...................................................................................................................... .......... ii ABSTRACT........................................................................................................... ......... iii ġ KK ........................................................................................................... ........ iv ĠMG L Ġ ĠNĠ............................................................................................. ....... viii ġ KĠLL Ġ ĠNĠ............................................................................................... ........ ix ÇĠ LG L Ġ ĠNĠ......................................................................................... ......... x 1. GĠ Ġġ.................................................................................................................. ......... 1 2. K YN K Ö L Ġ...................................................................................... ......... 5 2.1 Protozoa............................................................................................................ ......... 7 2.1.1 Amyloodinium ocellatum....................................................................................... 8 2.2 Monogenea........................................................................................................ ....... 11 2.2.1 Diplectanum aequans..................................................................................... ...... 12 2.2.2 Sparicotyle chrysophrii.................................................................................. ..... 16 2.3 Parazitik Crustacealar..................................................................................... ....... 19 2.3.1 Lernanthropus kroyeri................................................................................... ..... 20 3. M Y L YÖN M............................................................................. ....... 24 3.1 Materyal............................................................................................................ ....... 24 3.1.1 ÇalıĢma bölgesi.............................................................................................. ....... 24 3.1.2 alık örneklemesi.......................................................................................... ....... 25 3.1.3 alıklarda ektoparazit incelemesi................................................................ ...... 26 3.2 Yöntem............................................................................................................... ...... 27 3.2.1 Parazitlerin tanımlanması............................................................................. ...... 27 3.2.2 Epidemiyolojik hesaplamalar....................................................................... ...... 28 3.2.2.1 Prevalans...................................................................................................... ...... 28 3.2.2.2 Ortalama yoğunluk..................................................................................... ...... 28 3.2.2.3 Ortalama bolluk.........................................................................................
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