Donhead House, Donhead St Andrew, Wiltshire SP7 9EB

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Historic Building Report - Amended Proposals for Natalie Massenet

January 2018 ii Donald Insall Associates | Donhead House, Donhead St Andrew, Wiltshire SP7 9EB Contents

1.0 Summary of Historic Building Report 1

2.0 Historical Background 8

3.0 Site Survey Descriptions 28

4.0 Commentary on the Proposals 64

Appendix I - Statutory List Descriptions 68

Appendix II - Planning Policy and Guidance 71

Appendix III - List of Plates and Endnotes 83

Contact information

Helen Ensor IHBC (Associate Director) E: [email protected] T: 020 7245 9888

Sarah Bridger (Historic Buildings Advisor) E: [email protected] T: 020 7245 9888

London Office 12 Devonshire Street London, W1G 7AB www.insall-architects.co.uk

This report and all intellectual property rights in it and arising from it are the property of or are under licence to Donald Insall Associates or the client. Neither the whole nor any part of this report, nor any drawing, plan, other document or any information contained within it may be reproduced in any form without the prior written consent of Donald Insall Associates or the client as appropriate. All material in which the intellectual property rights have been licensed to DIA or the client and such rights belong to third parties may not be published or reproduced at all in any form, and any request for consent to the use of such material for publication or reproduction should be made directly to the owner of the intellectual property rights therein. Checked by HXE. Ordnance Survey map with the site marked in red (reproduced under license 100020449) 1.0 Summary of Historic Building Report

1.1 Introduction

Donald Insall Associates were originally commissioned by Natalie Massenet in January 2017 to assist in the preparation of proposals for Donhead House, Donhead St Andrew, Wiltshire, SP7 9EB. Under references 17/06962/FUL and 17/07405/LBC, planning permission and listed building consent were granted for

Repair works including damp, roof, stonework, heating systems, providing a staircase, reinstating entrance to south façade and adjoining kitchen and dining room.

Due to the development of the design post-permission, a further application for listed building consent is now being made for a number of additional alterations to the building, including some minor changes to the approved scheme; this is as set out in Section 4 of this report and on the drawings/ Design and Access Statement provided by Archer Humpryes (lead architects).

This report has been prepared by Donald Insall Associates Historic Building Consultancy. It is a shortened version of our earlier report, and should be read alongside this document. Our original investigation comprised historical research, using both archival and secondary material, and a site inspection. An illustrated history of the site and building, with sources of reference and bibliography, is in Section 2; the site survey findings are in Section 3. The investigation has established the significance of the building, which is set out below. Section 4 provides a justification of changes to the approved scheme, according to the relevant planning policy and guidance.

1.2 The Building and its Legal Status

Donhead House is a Grade II-listed building located in the Donhead St Andrew Conservation Area in the county of Wiltshire. The building is within in the setting of the Grade-II* listed Church of St Andrew, which is located directly opposite the study building on the east side of St. Bartholomew’s Street.

Development which affects the special interest of a listed building or its setting, and development in a conservation area requires listed building consent and/or planning permission. The statutory list description is included in Appendix I and a summary of the relevant planning policy documents are in Appendix II.

The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 is the legislative basis for decision-making on applications that relate to the historic environment. Sections 66 and 72 of the Act impose a statutory duty upon local planning authorities to have ‘special regard to the desirability of preserving listed buildings, their settings or any features of special architectural or historic interest which they possess; and to pay special attention to the desirability of preserving or enhancing the character or appearance of conservation areas’.

1 In considering applications for listed building consent or planning permission, local authorities are also required to consider the policies on the historic environment set out in the National Planning Policy Framework. At the heart of the Framework is ‘a presumption in favour of sustainable development’ and there are also specific policies relating to the historic environment. The Framework requires local authorities to ‘recognise that heritage assets are an irreplaceable resource and conserve them in a manner appropriate to their significance’. The Glossary to the National Planning Policy Framework defines a heritage asset as:

A building, monument, site, place, area or landscape identified as having a degree of significance meriting consideration in planning decisions, because of its heritage interest. Heritage asset includes designated heritage assets and assets identified by the local planning authority (including local listing).

The Framework, in paragraph 128, states that:

In determining applications, local planning authorities should require an applicant to describe the significance of any heritage assets affected, including any contribution made by their setting. The level of detail should be proportionate to the assets’ importance and no more than is sufficient to understand the potential impact of the proposal on their significance.

Section 1.3 of this report – the assessment of significance – meets this requirement and is based on the research and site surveys presented in sections 2 and 3, which are of a sufficient level of detail to understand the potential impact of the proposals.

The Framework also, in paragraph 132, requires that local planning authorities, when considering the impact of a proposed development on the significance of a designated heritage asset, should give ‘great weight … to the asset’s conservation’ and that ‘the more important the asset, the greater the weight should be’. The Framework goes on to state that:

… significance can be harmed or lost through alteration or destruction of the heritage asset or development within its setting. As heritage assets are irreplaceable, any harm or loss should require clear and convincing justification.

Section 4 of this report provides this clear and convincing justification.

The Framework requires that local planning authorities categorise harm as either ‘substantial’ or ‘less than substantial’. Where a proposed development will lead to ‘substantial harm to or total loss of significance’ of a designated heritage asset, the Framework states, in paragraph 133, that:

… local planning authorities should refuse consent, unless it can be demonstrated that the substantial harm or loss is necessary to achieve substantial public benefits that outweigh that harm or loss, or all of the following apply: the nature of the heritage asset prevents all reasonable uses of the site; and no viable use of the heritage asset itself can be found in the medium term through appropriate marketing that will enable its conservation; and conservation by grant-funding or some form of charitable or public ownership is demonstrably not possible; and the harm or loss is outweighed by the benefit of bringing the site back into use.

2 Donald Insall Associates | Donhead House, Donhead St Andrew, Wiltshire SP7 9EB Where a development proposal will lead to ‘less than substantial harm’ to the significance of a designated heritage asset, the Framework states, in paragraph 134, that:

… this harm should be weighed against the public benefits of the proposal, including securing its optimum viable use.

The Framework requires local planning authorities to look for opportunities for new development within conservation areas and within the setting of heritage assets to enhance or better reveal their significance. Paragraph 137 states that:

… proposals that preserve those elements of the setting that make a positive contribution to or better reveal the significance of the asset should be treated favourably.

Concerning buildings which contribute to conservation areas it states, in paragraph 138, that:

Loss of a building (or other element) which makes a positive contribution to the significance of the Conservation Area or World Heritage Site should be treated either as substantial harm under paragraph 133 or less than substantial harm under paragraph 134, as appropriate, taking into account the relative significance of the element affected and its contribution to the significance of the Conservation Area or World Heritage Site as a whole.

1.3 Assessment of Significance

Donhead House originally served as the rectory for the Parish of Donhead St Andrew. A building is recorded on the site as early as 1674, but this early building appears to have been completely rebuilt or extensively remodelled and extended in c.1700-1720 with a southern range, which forms the present southern five-bay frontage of the building. Whilst some of the internal walls, particularly those towards the centre of the present plan may prove to be the remains of the house of the 17th century, there is nothing visible internally which is demonstrably of this early (i.e. 1674) date. Carved late-medieval timbers are incorporated in the basement of this building, which suggests that the early building may have been demolished and the timbers reused, indeed, the evidence certainly suggests that these timbers are not in their original location. If any ancillary medieval buildings were still in existence in the early-18th century when the house was re-built, they were also rebuilt in the later 18th and 19th centuries.

In the early-19th century (approximately 1820) the house appears to have been extended at the rear to form a square shaped plan and bay windows were also constructed on the southern elevation of the c.1700s range. In 1892 the building was extended and extensively refurbished by the architect Charles Edwin Ponting for the then owner Horace Chapman. Chapman had been the rector of the Church of St Andrew but in 1891 he converted to Roman Catholicism and bought the rectory as his private residence, which he renamed Donhead House.

Ponting, a successful local architect, designed extensions and alterations to Donhead House including the construction of a two-bay western extension adjoining the c.1700s southern range, an oval-shaped billiards room, a new porch and stained glass bay window to the east and the reconstruction of the northern service wing, which was extended to infill a historic courtyard. These were carried out in an eclectic variety of styles

3 which simultaneously employed elements of Arts and Crafts (particularly in the eastern entrance hall), but also of Queen Anne revival (the south front of the eastern extension) and Neo-Elizabethan/Jacobethan (the interior of the entrance hall and billiards room). In this sense his work at Donhead very typically late-nineteenth century, and travelling a stylistic road which was, by 1892, well-worn. Ponting also appears to have rebuilt the early-19th century canted bay windows on the southern elevation of the c.1700 range and provided a new stone doorcase, relocating the existing doorcase to a new doorway on the western elevation of the courtyard infill building. He also undertook extensive internal alterations, principally the construction of an atrium in the centre of the early-19th century extension; the insertion of a new secondary staircase to the rear of the atrium (above which originally sat a timber glazed cupola/ lantern, now missing) and the alteration of the main stair in the c.1700s range.

The house largely survives as it appeared after the work of 1892, though minor alterations were carried out in the late-20th century, primarily the insertion of new partitions in the ground floor north-west rear room of the early-19 th century extension (rooms G13-G15), the concealment of the enfilade through the southern rooms (rooms G08 and G10), the alteration of the 1892 northern service wing to form a garage (room G20) and the insertion of new partitions at first and second floor level together with the insertion of a new second floor staircase, which extended from the early- 19th century extension through the original rear wall of the c.1700s range (rooms 205 and 206).

Colour-coded ground and first floor plans illustrate the phased development of the building [Plates 1 and 2].Each phase of development has constituted a major scheme of works that have, on the whole, added to the interest and significance of the building, and there is clear potential for the next phase in the architectural life of the building to similarly add interest and reveal significance.

The significance of the building relates to its physical fabric in the following respects. Of the highest significance and particularly sensitive to change are:

• The c.1700s range comprising the south and east elevations and the original timber roof structure. The original plan form and internal fixtures and fittings, particularly on the ground and first floors but also including the former kitchen in B04, brick vaults in B05, the panelled interior in room G04 and six panelled doors and architraves on the ground and first floor. The altered staircase compartment is of lesser significance; • The original early-18th century doorcase on the west elevation; • The original early-18th century northern boundary wall and doorcase.

Of high significance and also sensitive to change are:

• The 1892 additions comprising the exteriors and interiors of the billiards room, the south and west elevations of the western two-bay extension and the eastern entrance porch and stained glass bay window. In addition, the altered interiors and secondary staircase in the early-19th century range, primarily in rooms G02, G03, G05, G11 and G26, are of interest as are the internal features including doors, architraves, windows, cornices, skirtings and chimneypieces. This is a well-preserved scheme of the late-19th century; although it this acknowledged that within the scheme there is variety of quality. This is discussed in more detail in the relevant descriptions in Section 3.0 below.

4 Donald Insall Associates | Donhead House, Donhead St Andrew, Wiltshire SP7 9EB Copyright: All rights reserved . This drawing must not be reproduced without permission. Only the original drawing should be relied upon . Contractors, subcontractors and suppliers must verify all dimensions on site before commencing any work or making any shop drawings. All shop drawings to be submitted to the architect for comment prior to fabrication.

This drawing is to be read in conjunction with the Architect's specification, bills of quantities / schedules, structural, mechanical & F electrical drawings and all discrepancies are to be reported to the architect. Do not scale from this drawing. Dimensions are in millimetres unless G otherwise stated.

revision / date / amendments

LEGEND

.33/34/35 .G Proposed Works W H A

B Existing Building Fabric C W .30/31/32 .G W.G .46

.26 J W Building Fabric to be demolished G27 .G .G D .47

.36/37/38 .G B W Demolition of Flooring

.28/29 W .G .G .48 W K Proposed Excavation

D G18A

C B A W Remove and retain in alternate location .G A D .49/50 A W

.G B C B .25/26/27 D C G01 .25 D.G .G G20 .27 2 2 Room Number D m ft G26 D .G.28

G18 D.G.08 Door Number

W.G.42 A Window Number

D A C W B .G B C .51/52 D Wall Number W.G .06 .39/40 .G

.24 IW C

.G D

.11

.G D D G19 D.G .G.13 .22

.23 .12 .G .G D D B G24 A W B BUILDING AGES D .G A .G .41 .43/44 .14 D A W .G .G D .45 .G W C .15 IW B B A D .G.02 W C A .G.42 C A D Early Georgian 1700-1720 D.G G16 D .21 B D G23 .G.16 C B IW B D IW A C D .24 .G.03 .G.04 .G C IW A .G W .05 D G15 C G17 Built by 1768 - largely re-built 19th century D .G.17 G22 B A D.G IW .18 C .19 B .G .G .20 D .01 D .G A D D B B .G.29 c. 1800 C C A D

.30 C .G G21 D G13 G12 D 1892-1893 by C. E. Ponting for H. E. Chapman D .32 .G .10 .31 C B .G .G G14 D D B D.G A .08 G11 C Built by 1920 A D A G25 G09 W .G.01/02/03 B D

B B C A A A D.G C .04 .23 D D .G.09 .G G07 W G03 B C A

D C D B A

.07 .04/05/06/07

.G .G D D G05 W

A B

.G .22 G10

.06

.G A D D B .08/09/10/11 .G

W A W.G .21 .20 .G C G02 W W.G B .19 B

.02 B C .G G08 D

.03 A W.G .G D .18 D

B F G01 .01 C .G A D G06

.17 D

C G

A B C G04

W D.G .G.16 .05

.15 .G W

W H .G

.14

D 0 1 2 3 5m

J W.G .13

.12 .G W

Archer Humphryes Architects P Joseph Basement K Central House 142 Central Street London, United Kingdom EC1V 8AR T : +44 (0) 20 7251 8555

project title DONHEAD HOUSE

drawing title scale date GROUND FLOOR PLAN 1:50 @A0 03.03.17 drawn checked LP DA drawing number revision AHA/ DSA / EX /100 -

1. Ground Floor Plan of Donhead House showing phases of the buildings construction (Archer Humphryes Architects)

Copyright: All rights reserved. This drawing must not be reproduced without permission. Only the original drawing should be relied upon. Contractors, subcontractors and suppliers must verify all dimensions on site before commencing any work or making any shop drawings. All shop drawings to be submitted to the architect for comment prior to fabrication.

Do not scale from this drawing. Dimensions are in millimetres unless G otherwise stated.

revision / date / amendments

LEGEND

W .1 .37 Proposed Works H

Existing Building Fabric

J Building Fabric to be demolished W .1 .38

B Demolition of Flooring

A K Proposed Excavation .36

.1 D W 114 B B C A Remove and retain in alternate location

C D 115 D .1.18 G01 m2 ft2 Room Number .17

.1 D C

B D.G.08 .35 D Door Number .1

W A .19 .1 D

W.G.42 112 Window Number C 113 A B B D Wall Number A C

C D

W .1.28/29/30

.39 .16 .1 .1 W B D BUILDING AGES .26/27 A .1 W .33/34 W .1 .31 .1 C W

W.1 .32 B Early Georgian 1700-1720

A .22 .1 W D C .1.40/41/42/43 W D .24/25 .1 Built by 1768 - largely re-built 19th century W 111 W .1.23 W .1.44 118 110 c. 1800 102 W .1.45 122 B D B .1.23

A A A

C C 1892-1893 by C. E. Ponting for H. E. Chapman 121 D D D A D.1 .21 B .25 D .1 C D.1 D .03 D B .22 D .1.01 .1 .1.20 C Built by 1920 D 119 A

D A B D .1.24 C D.1 D A .14 .1.02 B

D C 104 117 109 .1.15 .21 B .1 D .1.05 W 120 .13 D .46 .1 .1 C D A W C B B 101 D .12 D A .1 .09 A D .1 D 103 D.1 .04 D

.11

.1 A D W 116 B .1

.47 .20 .1 C W

D A W .1.01/02/03

W 105 .1.19 108 .18 .1 W W .1.17 D D .1.07 C B

.10 A .1 D B W .1.16

F .08 .1 D

.04/05/06/07

107 W W .1.15 W .1.08/09/10 .06 C .1 G D B W 106 .1.14 D D C A C

A B

W .1.13

W .1.12 H

W .1.11 D 0 1 2 3 5m

Archer Humphryes Architects P Joseph Basement K Central House 142 Central Street London, United Kingdom EC1V 8AR T : +44 (0) 20 7251 8555

project title DONHEAD HOUSE

drawing title scale date FIRST FLOOR PLAN 1:50 @A0 27.02.17 drawn checked LP DA drawing number revision AHA/ DSA / EX /101 -

2. First Floor Plan of Donhead House showing phases of the buildings construction (Archer Humphryes Architects)

5 • The staircase in the c.1700s range. This staircase seems to contain early eighteenth century fabric, but is not in its original location, and the fabric has clearly been altered. It appears to have taken apart, altered and reassembled in its current location in1892. The balusters have been set into new plinths and there is a new balustrade, whilst the treads and risers have been moved further apart. The staircase has also been removed from the first to second floor. Although altered, the staircase contains historic fabric and is therefore of high significance overall; • The east and west external elevations of the early-19th century extension, the modern windows are however of neutral significance; • The external elevations of the 1892 service wing, not including the late-20th century garage doors.

Of moderate significance and therefore broadly adaptable are:

• The north-west elevation of the building, which is composed of a myriad of extensions and additions of lesser architectural quality. • The surviving original plan form of the 1892 northern service wing, including the original western entrance, the ground floor chimneybreast in room G17 and the chimneypieces at first floor level in rooms 112 and 114. The altered modern interiors in this range are of neutral significance; • The late-19 th century landscaped gardens are generally of interest, although their appearance has been altered both deliberately by the insertion of new features (for example hedging and the tennis court) and by the passage of time. In this regard, of most significance are the views directly to the south of the south front.

Neutral features, neither contributing to nor detracting from the significance of the whole and therefore highly adaptable are:

• The modern northern service hatch in room G25; • The late-20th century garage in room G13 and the associated external garage doors; • The modern cupboard in room G08, which obscures a former enfilade across the southern rooms; • The altered interiors in the 1892 northern service wing. This area has been heavily altered with new partitions and new interiors but the original late-19th century chimneybreast in the former kitchen survives, as do two chimneypieces at first floor level and these are of moderate significance; • The modern in-built cupboards at second floor level in rooms 206 and 209; • The modern bathroom and kitchen fittings across the building; • The modern but traditional-style windows which are primarily located at first and second floor level in the early-19th century extension.

Factors which detract from the building’s significance and should therefore, wherever possible, be removed or re-worked are:

• The late-20th century partitions in rooms G13-G15, which subdivide the early-19th century ground floor rear room; • The late-20th century bulkhead obscuring the late-19th door and architrave in room G10; • The late-19 th century staircase in room 105, which cuts through the original rear wall of the c.1700s range and creates a confused and complicated layout;

6 Donald Insall Associates | Donhead House, Donhead St Andrew, Wiltshire SP7 9EB • The late-20th century first floor partitions and bathrooms in the 1892 northern service wing in rooms 112-115; • The late-20th century partition in rooms 110 and 111, which subdivide the early-19th century eastern first floor rear room; • The late-20th century partitions in rooms 103 and 104, which subdivide the early-19th century western first floor rear room; • The modern partitions at first floor level in rooms 116 and 117, which subdivide the original front room of the 1892 extension; • The late-20th century staircase in room 105, which cuts through the original rear wall of the c.1700s range; • The modern partitions and cupboards in rooms 206 and 209, which obscure the original location of the stairwell in the c.1700s range.

Donhead House is also situated in the Donhead St Andrew Conservation Area. The conservation area encompasses the village of Donhead St Andrew, which developed from the 12th century on the Naddar Valley, with the settlement lining St Bartholomew’s Street. Donhead House is one of the most important buildings in the conservation area; its principal contribution lies in its historical and physical relationship as the former rectory to the neighbouring Church of St Andrew, but it is also of significant architectural and historical interest in its own right, with late- 19th century alterations designed by the noted local Wiltshire architect Charles Edwin Ponting.

1.4 Summary of Proposals and Justification

Following the recent grant of listed building consent and as part of the normal design development process, listed building consent is sought for a number of changes to the approved scheme. Some of these are changes to items which have already had consent and some are new proposals not previously considered. The changes are grouped under the following headings: internal (minor changes to layout, changes to floor surfaces, changes to heating strategy) and external (alterations to extraction strategy for bathrooms and kitchen, creation of new roof maintenance access points, creation of new basement and a proposed new pizza oven flue). None of the proposals have any harmful impact on what it is significant about Donhead House and all are as a result of the need to implement the optimum viable use. The proposals are set out in detail in Section 4 below.

7 2.0 Historical Background

2.1 A Short History of Donhead St Andrew

The village of Donhead St Andrew is located in the south-west corner of Wiltshire. The lands and most of those belonging to the neighbouring parish, Donhead St Mary, once formed part of a single estate named Donhead.1 By the 12th century, the Church of St. Andrew had been constructed in Donhead St Andrew and it consequently broke off as its own parish. The land was owned by Shaftesbury Abbey until the Dissolution, at which point they transferred to the Crown, who subsequently granted them to Sir Thomas Arundell in 1544, the owner of the nearby Wardour Castle.

The Church of St Andrew, which sits at the centre of the parish, was constructed as early as the 12th century and the tall, narrow archway leading from the chancel into the vestry dates from this period. The nave arcade dates from the 14th century. During the 19th century, the parish church underwent restoration work: south aisle was restored in 1826, the chancel was rebuilt in 1838 and the west tower was rebuilt in 1893.

A map of Wiltshire drawn up in 1773 by Andrew and Dury show the villages of Donhead St Andrew and Donhead St Mary. At this time, the lands in the Parish in Donhead St Andrew amounted to 1,606 acres, 703 acres of which belonged to farms. The map shows scattered buildings and a network of lanes, which linked the settlements to the centre of the parish and the neighbouring parish of Donhead St Mary [Plate 3]. In 1801 the parish census recorded a population of 607.2

The Tithe Map of 1840 shows the land in the Parish of Donhead St Andrew divided into plots of ownership [Plate 4]. The map shows the settlement largely as it was in 1773, with buildings dispersed along St Bartholomew’s Street and Lower Street, surrounded by agricultural land. Donhead St Andrew was slow to develop, particularly in comparison to Donhead St Mary, where a greater number of buildings had been constructed by the publication of the first Ordnance Survey map in 1887 [Plate 5]. A small number of houses were constructed in the village in the late-19th and early-to-mid 20th century, but the census records show that the population has been in steady decline since 1911, with only 413 residents recorded in 2011. 3

2.2 The Building: Donhead House

2.2.1 The Original Rectory

The Wiltshire Glebe Terriers, a curious name for what are, in effect, schedules of the ownership of land, property and tithes drawn up by the clergy and churchwardens, record a rectory in the Parish of Donhead St Andrew by 1674.4 There is no surviving mapping evidence of exactly where this 17th century house was on the site, comparative to where the current house stands. No plans of the original building have been found in the archives but the building is described in the Glebe Terriers as ‘tiled, (and within) it a kitchen, hall, parlour, buttery, milkhouse, with other small rooms and chambers over and a long table in the hall that was given by Mr. George Pope, a former rector, to remain in the parsonage house.’5

8 Donald Insall Associates | Donhead House, Donhead St Andrew, Wiltshire SP7 9EB 3. Andrew and Dury, Map of Wiltshire (1773), Wiltshire and Swindon History Centre

4. Tithe Map (1841), Wiltshire and Swindon History Centre 5. Ordnance Survey Map, 1:2500 (1887), Promap

9 The record also describes a garden and a great thatched barn east of the main house, an old woodhouse, a brewhouse and a stable ‘one side of the roof tiled, the other thatched with a little orchard joining it and an old dovehouse, tiled.’6 This charming-sounding collection of buildings do not appear to have survived following subsequent redevelopment.

2.2.2 The Construction of the House in c.1700 and its Development in the 18th Century

The earliest evidence of a building on the site of the current Donhead House appears on a 1768 map of Donhead St Andrew drawn by George Ingman [Plate 6]. The map shows that the house was in the shape of an ‘H’ plan with a rectangular range to the south adjoined by a central rear projection, which connected to another rectangular range that fronted onto St Bartholomew Street. In examining the building, the southern range appears to be the earliest part of the extant building and stylistically it seems to date to c.1700-20. The Queen Anne style of the front elevation is clearly apparent behind the later ground floor canted bay windows, the porch, and the dormers. The original elevation is likely to have been faced in ashlar with symmetrical windows with keystones at ground and first floor level, matching those that survive on the first floor, with a small entrance canopy or porch and a pitched roof. The eastern end wall of the building also appears to have originally been articulated with windows, which were positioned either side of the chimneystack at ground and first floor level. These windows have since been blocked in but the outline of the openings and their keystones are visible in the stonework. The interior of the building has been much altered since it was constructed, but a panelled interior, which appears to date to the mid-18th century (c.1740-1750), survives on the ground floor (G04). This room is, however, something of a conundrum and is discussed in more detail in Section 3.0 below. Other surviving 18th century features - six-panelled doors and architraves on the ground and first floor and the original early-18th century timber roof structure – also survive

It is unclear if the medieval buildings described in the Wiltshire Glebe Terriers were demolished before the construction of the c.1700s range, or whether these were the northern ranges shown on Ingman’s map of 1768. The presence of carved medieval timbers in the basement (room B04) of the c.1700s range would suggest that, at the very least, a high status part of the medieval building such as the hall may have been demolished, with the timbers re-used in the basement of the current house. It is also possible that these timbers in the basement were brought into the house from a different building completely, much as the ceiling in the ground floor entrance hall (G02/ G03) seems to have been. The rear ranges marked on the map appear to have been virtually rebuilt during the course of the 19th century, and there is no archival evidence or surviving building fabric that would give an indication if they were medieval in origin, or were built together with, or shortly after, the c.1700s range. The current ground floor plan of the house shows two thick walls extending from the centre of the c.1700s range to the north [Plate 1]. These walls may correspond to the footprint of the central projection shown on the 1786 map, though the walls have been heavily altered with new openings and chimneybreasts, and opening up works would be required to confirm their date and construction. Regardless of the date of the northern ranges, it is likely they were used as service wings comprising of a kitchen, pantry, scullery, butlers room, housekeepers’ room, servants’ hall and servants’ bedrooms.

10 Donald Insall Associates | Donhead House, Donhead St Andrew, Wiltshire SP7 9EB Ingman’s map also shows that there was an outbuilding to the west of the house; most probably a stable or a barn, and gardens were situated to the east and south of the house. These are marked on the map as dots and show gardens bisected by formal avenues.

2.2.3 Extensions of the 19th Century

By the early-19th century Donhead House appears to have been extended at the rear, forming rooms either side of the central projection at ground and first floor level. The character of these elevations, constructed in ashlar stone with six-over-six sash windows with lambs tongue glazing bars, would suggest a date of the early-19th century. The building was shown with a square footprint by the publication of the 1841 Tithe Map, without the northern service range [Plate 7]. This could suggest that the service range had been demolished, however a range with a similar footprint is present on the 1887 Ordnance Survey map, and it seems more likely that it was drawn incorrectly on the Tithe Map [compare Plates 7 and 8]. This is not uncommon, as Tithes Maps vary in terms of their quality and accuracy dependant upon the competency of the person responsible for drawing them up. The ‘service wing’ extension was subsequently rebuilt and remodelled by Charles Edwin Ponting in in 1892, and there is no surviving fabric to provide a conclusive date for the original construction of this range.

The Tithe Map also shows that the building was adjoined to the west by a small uninhabited building. It is not clear what this building would have been used for, but it may have been a conservatory or garden folly that linked to the main house. A new L shaped barn had also been constructed to the north-west of the house and a metal screen/gate provided to create an eye-catcher towards the the river, and the rising land beyond, to the south.

The 1887 Ordnance Survey map shows that additional alterations were undertaken to the house between 1841 and 1887, including the construction of two canted bay windows on the southern elevation, which are likely to have replaced two sash windows with stone architraves. The bay windows are characteristic of the Regency period and may have been constructed together with, or shortly after the rear extension of the early-19 th century. A porch also appears to have been constructed on the eastern side of the house, which tied in with a new entrance path leading from the road to the main house. The small projection to the west of the house, shown on the 1841 Tithe Map, had been demolished by this date.

2.2.4 The Remodelling Works by Charles Edwin Ponting, 1892

In 1892 the rectory was purchased by Horace E. Chapman (1842-1907), who was rector of the Parish of St Andrew between 1875 and 1891.7 In 1891, Chapman resigned from his position as rector and subsequently converted to Roman Catholicism. During his time as rector of the parish, Chapman had introduced ritualistic practices which was described by his detractors as being in an attempt to ‘uproot Protestanism and spread the Catholic faith in the parish.’8 In 1877, Chapman had published a pamphlet on Ritualism and the following year, Sir Thomas Grove, resident of the nearby Ferne House, attempted to prosecute Chapman under the Public Worship Regulation Act of 1874 for the use of wafers, a mixed chalice and altar lights, all of which are typically associated with Roman Catholic, rather than Anglican, worship.9

As the son of a banker, Chapman was ‘wealthy and well connected’ and appears to have had ample funds to purchase of Donhead House.10 In 1892 Chapman employed the Wiltshire architect, Charles Edwin Ponting,

11 6. George Ingman, Map of plots in Donhead St Andrew showing Donhead 7. Detail of Tithe Map showing Donhead House and outbuildings outlined House and outbuildings outlined in red (1768), Wiltshire and Swindon in red (1841), Wiltshire and Swindon History Centre History Centre

8. Detail of 1887 Ordnance Survey Map showing Donhead House and 9. Detail of 1901 Ordnance Survey Map showing Donhead House and outbuildings outlined in red, Promap outbuildings outlined in red, Promap

12 Donald Insall Associates | Donhead House, Donhead St Andrew, Wiltshire SP7 9EB to remodel and extend the building and undertake an extensive scheme of refurbishment. Ponting’s alterations to Donhead House were constructed in an eclectic mix of styles including a Queen Anne frontage adjoining the southern range, with stone-faced elevations and canted bays to match the earlier building. He also constructed inspired Jacobethan oval shaped Billiard’s Room to the rear, an Arts and Crafts-esque new porch and stained glass bay window to the east and remodelled and extended the rear service wing, infilling the courtyard shown on the 1887 Ordnance Survey map with a two-storey range. Ponting also appears to have rebuilt the canted bay windows on the southern elevation of the c.1700 range and provided a new stone doorcase, relocating the existing to the west elevation of the courtyard infill building, which survives in this location today. He may also have provided the panelled interior in G04 in the style of the 1740s, or it may have been that he made alterations to panelling which he found already existing in this room. The new footprint of the house was illustrated on the 1901 Ordnance Survey map [Plate 9].

Although Ponting’s drawings for Donhead do not seem to have survived, he also appears to have been responsible for an extensive refurbishment of the interior of the building, remodelling much of the early-19th century extensions. Here, Ponting constructed a Neo-Elizabeth entrance hall in the rear ground floor room (room G03), with reused 16th century timber beams, new timber panelling and a stained glass bay window [Plate 10]. The stained glass windows featured the coat of arms of Chapman and his wife Adelaide Maria Fletcher, daughter of Sir Henry Fletcher, 3rd Bart, and the Virgin Mary, the latter of which was presumably a nod to Chapman’s religious conversion [Plate 11 and Plate 12].

In the central room (G05) Ponting appears to have constructed a new atrium with a glazed roof. At ground floor level the room was timber panelled with fluted ionic pilasters, the decoration continuing through to the new western extension [Plate 13]. To the rear of the atrium a secondary staircase was inserted, or replaced, with a medieval-inspired splat baluster staircase. The main staircase in the c.1700s range also appears to have been altered. The stair appears to have been taken down and reassembled to extend further forward in the staircase compartment, with the balusters re-set into new plinths, the treads and risers moved further apart and the balustrade provided with a new handrail. The reasons for the construction of the stair appear to have been to link the stair to the landing of the early-19th extension in room 101, which was at a lower floor level, and to create head height into the wide opening into room G05, which was presumably also constructed in the late-19th century. New doors, architraves and panelling were also fitted across the building. The character of the alterations in the existing building matched Ponting’s interiors the western extension [Plate 14].

Chapman also built a walled garden in the grounds of Donhead House and re-landscaped the park and field to the south-west to include two lakes [Plate 9].11

13 10. The Lounge Hall, Sale Catalogue for Donhead House (1952), Wiltshire and Swindon History Centre

11. Stained glass panel depicting the Virgin Mary in room G03 (2017), DIA 12. Stained glass panel depicting heraldic crest in room G03 (2017), DIA

14 Donald Insall Associates | Donhead House, Donhead St Andrew, Wiltshire SP7 9EB 13. Inner Hall, Sale Catalogue for Donhead House (1952), Wiltshire and Swindon History Centre

14. The Drawing Room, Sale Catalogue for Donhead House (1952), Wiltshire and Swindon History Centre

15 2.2.5 Early 20th Century Development

In 1907 Chapman died and the house passed to Sir James Pender, 1st Bart., a British businessman and Tory politician. The 1925 Ordnance Survey map shows that the building’s footprint remained the same during the early 20th century, with the exception of a small extension to the rear of Ponting’s billiard room [Plate 15]. In 1927, after Pender’s death, the house was valued for his widow Lady M. R Pender at a gross rateable value of £150 per annum.12

Plans of the house made in 1948 by the architect G. Blair Imrie show proposals to convert the house into three private dwellings for Brigadier Forbes and Col. Mortimer [Plates 16 and 17]. Although the scheme was not implemented the plans show the ground floor plan during this period.13

At ground floor level, the rectangular footprint of the c.1700s house was clearly discernible with two south facing rooms and the original hallway and stair compartment located between these two rooms (G04 and G08) [Plate 16]. A short flight of steps just north of the staircase in the c.1700s range led down into the central atrium, which was presumably created by Ponting in 1892 (G05). Beyond the central atrium was the secondary staircase and to the east was the Neo-Elizabethan entrance hall. The rear of the ground floor service range was subdivided into rooms typical of the layout of late-19th century servants’ accommodation and included a kitchen to the east with a large chimneystack and a glazed skylight over (G17). At the rear was a small staircase, which was presumably used to access servants’ bedrooms above (now G20). To the west of the main house the floor plan appears to have been as it was when it was constructed by Ponting, with two south-facing front rooms that were linked to the c.1700s range by a northern enfilade (G10 and G25). At the rear there was a short corridor leading to the billiards room, and another staircase providing a more direct access route to the west end of the house (G09 and G23). There also appears to have been an external staircase leading down to a basement under the western extension.

The 1948 plans also provide the earliest evidence of the layout of the first floor [Plate 17]. The plans show that the first floor occupied most of the ground floor area with the exception of rooms over the billiard room and north east kitchen area. The north-west wing consisted of two south-facing rooms and a corridor which ran from the rear of the western staircase into the rear room of the early-19th century extension (now 110 and 112). To the north of the house, the plans show a doorway leading from the servants’ accommodation into the rear room of the early-19th century extension, but it seems likely that the servants’ accommodation was originally constructed as a self-contained wing and the doorway was inserted at a later date. To the east of the house, the early-19th century extension had been remodelled with much the same layout as that on the ground floor with a rear staircase and central atrium with radiating rooms. Access into the c.1700s range, which was at a higher floor level, was via a new staircase situated in the atrium onto the landing of the main stair, though an additional staircase had also been constructed to the east through the rear wall of the c.1700s building.

16 Donald Insall Associates | Donhead House, Donhead St Andrew, Wiltshire SP7 9EB 15. Detail of 1925 Ordnance Survey Map showing Donhead House and outbuildings outlined in red, Promap

16. Ground Floor Plan of Donhead House (1948), Wiltshire and Swindon History Centre

17 17. First Floor Plan of Donhead House (1948), Wiltshire and Swindon History Centre

18 Donald Insall Associates | Donhead House, Donhead St Andrew, Wiltshire SP7 9EB 2.2.6 Post-war Development

In 1952 the house, cottages, land, stablings and garage were all sold at auction. The sale catalogue provides descriptions of the rooms in the house and includes photographs of the interior [Plates 10, 13, 14]. These provide a record of the interior of the house at this time and confirm that the alterations commissioned by Chapman have remained unaltered since this time. The inner hall, room G05, is described ‘with panelled walls and fluted columns, polished wood block floor and excellent oak staircase leading to gallery at first floor level’.14 The sale catalogue also confirms that the rear servants’ wing was still in use by this date, primarily as a ‘butlers flat’. The cover image used for the catalogue shows the south elevation of Donhead House with a large turret at roof level [Plate 18]. The turret appears to be situated over the central atrium and was probably added by Ponting in 1892, but it is not clear when it was removed. The sale catalogue also records ancillary buildings in the grounds of the house such as a dairy, drying room, laundry and store room.15

It is not clear who purchased the house following the auction but the former British Prime Minister, Anthony Eden 1st Earl of Avon, spent a year at Donhead House following the Suez Crisis of 1956, when Israel, the United Kingdom and France invaded Egypt.

By the early 1960’s Donhead House was no longer in use as a private residence. Correspondence held at Wiltshire and Swindon History Centre confirms that the house was used as a residential training college for the food company Rank Hovis McDougall Ltd.16 A ground floor plan of the house showing alterations by Brian A.W Savage in 1966-68 illustrate that only minor alteration were needed to the convert the building to a training college. A telephone kiosk was inserted at the rear of the main staircase in the c.1700s range (G06) and new partitions were inserted in the north- west rear room in the early-19th century extension and the 1892 service extension to create cloakrooms, W.Cs and a house keepers office (G13-15 and G20) [Plate 19]. A new fire resisting partition was constructed in the 1892 western extension and the north-west staircase is noted as being extended. The rear wall of the building was also extended around the billiards room, where there was previously a window lighting the staircase and a secondary entrance into the building. In addition, a new doorway was constructed from the corridor into the south-west front room, labelled as a conference room, and a new wall was constructed adjacent to the billiard room, the latter of which was provided with a new bar. Curiously, some of the alterations marked on the 1948 ground floor plan appear to have been implemented, although it is clear the scheme was not fully completed. These alterations included the blocking of the southern enfilade from the c.1700s range into the 1892 extension, and the creation of two new doorways to the north and south of the north-west rear room in the early- 19th century extension (G13-5).

By 1969 the building had been purchased by the National Trade Development Association, a joint organisation of Brewers and Retailers to ‘teach skills of modern inn keeping.’17 Development plans show the ground floor plan was maintained with the exception of a new counter and bar inserted in the billiard room (G26) and front room of the western extension (G25) and the removal of the secondary staircase in the northern service wing, together with the insertion of new partitions in this room (now G20) [Plate 20].

The first floor of the building was however substantially altered in 1969 [Plate 21]. All of the four south facing rooms had been subdivided to form smaller bedrooms and a new partition wall had been erected on the

19 southern landing in the c.1700s range to accommodate a bathroom, which required the doorway to the west room to be relocated (now 106-8, 116 and 120). In the north-west room in the early-19th century extension, the existing doorway was blocked and a new partition was inserted to create a corridor through to the former service wing, the latter of which was also subdivided with new partitions (110 and 111).

A second floor plan was also provided, which is the earliest depiction of the layout of this floor [Plate 22]. As would be expected of the top floor of a building of this date, the rooms were subdivided to form smaller bedrooms, most likely used as guest bedrooms, servants’ bedrooms and nursery rooms. The original staircase in the c.1700s range appears to have been removed by this date and a new staircase inserted from the early-19th century extension through the rear wall of the building (205). The layout of the early-19th century appears to have been altered by Ponting in 1892 to align with the floor plan of the lower floors, including constructing a central atrium, rear staircase and corridor and staircase into the western extension. It is clear that a number of partitions in these areas were not original, or indeed likely to have been inserted in the late-19th century, as several sat on the chimneybreasts or formed smaller bathrooms more characteristic of the early-to-mid 20th century. In 1969, the alterations to the second floor were limited to inserting partitions in the main rooms of the c.1700s range and constructing a new staircase through the original rear wall of the building (205 and 206).

The 1969 plans also provide the earliest basement plan for Donhead House. The plan shows that the basement occupied the area of the original c.1700s range with a long corridor extending to the north under the central projection [Plate 23]. As described in Section 2.2.2, the date of this range is unclear, but on-site inspections have shown that the character of this area of the basement is suggestive of the early-18th century, with a stone staircase and brick walls, now painted.

20 Donald Insall Associates | Donhead House, Donhead St Andrew, Wiltshire SP7 9EB 18. South Elevation Donhead House, Sale Catalogue for Donhead House (1952), Wiltshire and Swindon History Centre

19. Ground Floor Plan of Donhead House showing late-20th century alterations (1966-68), Wiltshire and Swindon History Centre

21 20. Ground Floor Plan of Donhead House showing late-20th century alterations (1969), Wiltshire and Swindon History Centre

21. First Floor Plan of Donhead House showing late-20th century alterations (1969), Wiltshire and Swindon History Centre

22 Donald Insall Associates | Donhead House, Donhead St Andrew, Wiltshire SP7 9EB 22. Second Floor Plan of Donhead House showing late-20th century alterations (1969), Wiltshire and Swindon History Centre

23. Basement Plan of Donhead House showing late-20th century alterations (1969), Wiltshire and Swindon History Centre

23 2.3 Relevant Planning History

Ref: S/1996/0258

21/02/1996

Approve with conditions

Rebuild and relocate wall to enclose approved parking area for plot

Ref: S/1996/1778

27/11/1996

Refused

Removal of 3 sash windows to provide 2 double garage door sets and resiting of feature rainwater downpipes. Removal of dividing wall.

Ref: S/2002/2105

22/10/2002

Approve with conditions

Tennis court in garden at property

Ref: 17/07405/LBC and 17/06962/FUL

20/07/2017

Approve with conditions

Repair works including damp, roof, stonework, heating systems, providing a staircase, reinstating entrance to south façade and adjoining kitchen and dining room.

2.4 Notable Residents of Donhead House

Horace Edward Chapman (1842-1907)

Horace Edward Chapman was the second eldest son of the banker, David Barclay Chapman (a partner in the bank that became Barclay and Co Ltd in 1896) and Maria Chatfield, daughter of Reverend Robert Chatfield. In 1863 he married Adelaide Maria Fletcher, daughter of Sir Henry Fletcher, 3rd Baronet. Chapman held the office of Justice of the Peace and was rector to the Parish of Donhead St Andrew between 1875 and 1891. Chapman resigned from this position in 1891 when he converted to Roman Catholicism. Prior to his resignation he had been reported to have been introducing ritualistic practices to Donhead St Andrew, an act which led Sir Thomas Grove of the nearby Ferne House to attempt to prosecute Chapman under the Public Worship Act of 1874.18 Chapman’s only child, Adelaide Mabel Chapman, married Field Marshal Edmund Henry Hynman Allenby, 1st Viscount Allenby of Megiddo in 1896.19 Chapman died in 1907.

Sir James Pender, 1st Baronet (1841-1921)

Sir James Pender was a British businessman, yachtsman and Tory politician. He sat for the House of Commons from 1895 until 1900. He was the eldest son from Sir John Pender’s (founder of the Eastern Telegraph Company) first marriage to Marion Cairn. Throughout his career he held a number of prestigious positions, becoming the director of Telegraph Construction and Maintenance Company, Globe Telegraph Trust, United States Cable Company and Eastman Kodak. In 1897 he was made a

24 Donald Insall Associates | Donhead House, Donhead St Andrew, Wiltshire SP7 9EB baronet of Thornby Hall in the County of Northampton. Pender married Mary Rose Gregge-Hopwood of Hopwood Hall, Manchester. Pender died in 1927, and is buried with his wife at St Andrew’s Church in Donhead St Andrew.

Anthony Eden 1st Earl of Avon (1897-1977)

Anthony Eden was born at Windlestone Hall, Ferryhill, co. Durham on 12 June 1897. Eden attended Eton College from 1911 and in the autumn of 1919 he entered Christ Church College, Oxford, to read oriental languages, specializing in Persian and Arabic. He obtained first-class honours in 1922.

Prior to his entry into Oxford, Eden enlisted with the 21st battalion, the yeoman rifles, of the King’s Royal Rifle Corps and experienced some fighting in the trenches of the western front. In June 1917 he was awarded the Military Cross for his selfless rescue of his wounded sergeant under fire at Ploegsteert.

Sir Anthony Eden carved out a career in the Foreign Office, serving as Foreign Secretary 3 times during important periods in the Second World War and the Cold War. He was acknowledged by many as Winston Churchill’s successor and took over as Prime Minister in April 1955 at the age of 57. He immediately called a general election and on 5 May 1955 increased the Conservative majority from 17 to 60.

During his time in office, The Cold War was at its peak, and the preoccupation of maintaining the country’s great power status was at a time when the British economy could no longer afford such commitments. This led Britain, under Sir Anthony Eden’s leadership, to miss out on important developments in Western Europe. His controversial handling of the Suez crisis in 1956 roved to be his downfall. After the nationalisation of the Suez canal by the Egyptian nationalist Colonel Abdul Nasser, Sir Anthony Eden, fearing a new Arab alliance would cut off oil supplies to Europe, conspired with France and Israel in order to retake the canal. Following a badly performed invasion, widespread international condemnation from the United Nations, the Soviet Union, the Commonwealth and the threat of sanctions from the United States, Sir Anthony Eden was forced into a humiliating retreat, during which he stayed at Donhead House. Sir Anthony Eden was created Earl of Avon in 1961 and died in January 1977.20

2.5 Architect Biography: Charles Edwin Ponting (c. 1850-1932)

Charles Edwin Ponting was born at Collingbourne Ducis, Wiltshire. He began his architectural career in 1864 in the office of Samuel Overton, whose daughter Ponting married in 1872. In 1883 Ponting was made Diocesan Surveyor for the Wiltshire portion of the Salisbury Dioceses. This role expanded to take in part of the Bristol Diocese in 1887 and Dorset in 1892, giving Ponting the largest district of any diocesan surveyor in the country.21

Ponting was, to a large extent, a self-trained architect and according to The Builder ‘established himself not only as a designer, but as one peculiarly practical and unusually well qualified from a constructional point of view, which qualities he found of particular value as his gifted aptitude for dealing with church restoration came into prominence.’22 As an avid member of the Society of Antiquaries and enthusiasm for ancient architecture, his knowledge of churches and kindred buildings was ‘probably unsurpassed.’23 Ponting was responsible for restorations

25 to some 225 churches, including churches in Australia, Bucharest and Oporto. He was also responsible for underpinning the foundations and repairing the spire at Salisbury Cathedral. In addition to churches, Ponting designed important houses and other civic buildings such as Marlborough Town Hall and Dauntsey’s Agricultural School at West Lavington. Upon his death in February 1932, The Builder stated ‘the architectural profession loses an exceptionally capable exponent and the Society of Antiquaries one of its most distinguished members.’24 His work at Donhead should be seen in the context of his wider oeuvre and is clearly of significance as such.

2.6 Sources and Bibliography

Wiltshire and Swindon History Centre

Sale Catalogue for Donhead House (1952)

Wiltshire and Swindon History Centre G9/77-/51, Donhead House, Rating and Valuations

Plans of Donhead House, 1948, 1968, 1969

Maps

Andrew and Dury, Map of Wiltshire (1773)

George Ingman, Map of plots in Donhead St Andrew showing Donhead House and outbuildings outlined in red (1768)

Tithe Map (1841)

Ordnance Survey Map, (1887, 1901, 1925)

RIBA Library

Biographical File for C.E Ponting

‘Obituary’, The Builder, February 5, 1932

British Library Maps Collection

Published Sources

Websites

J. Freeman and J. H Stevenson, ‘Parishes: Donhead St Andrew’, in A History of the County of Wiltshire: Volume 13, South-West Wiltshire: Chalke and Dunworth Hundreds, ed. D A Crowley (London, 1987), pp. 126- 138. British History Online [http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/wilts/ vol13/pp126-138, accessed 21 January 2017]

D. R. Thorpe, ‘Eden, (Robert) Anthony, first earl of Avon (1897–1977)’, Ox- ford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, May 2011 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/31060, accessed 9 February 2017]

‘Wiltshire Community History’, Wiltshire Council [https://history.wiltshire. gov.uk/community/getcensus.php?id=92, accessed 9 February 2017]

‘The Peerage’ [http://www.thepeerage.com/p451.htm#i4504, accessed 9 February 2017]

26 Donald Insall Associates | Donhead House, Donhead St Andrew, Wiltshire SP7 9EB Books and articles

S. Hobbs, Wiltshire Glebe Terriers 1588-1827, Vol. 56 (Wiltshire Record Society)

N. Pevsner, Buildings of England: Wiltshire (Middlesex: Harmondsworth, 1975)

M. Coward, The Donheads: Past & Present (Salisbury: Hobnob, 2007)

27 3.0 Site Survey Descriptions

3.1 The Setting of the Building and the Conservation Area Context

Donhead House is located in the village of Donhead St Andrew in Wiltshire, which was designated as a conservation area in 1992. The village is located west of Salisbury towards the southern border of the county and originally formed part of Donhead St Mary, situated further west, until becoming its own parish in the 12th century. The village has been developed along the Nadder Valley and is intrinsically linked with the course of the River Nadder. The houses in the village line St Bartholomew’s Street, which runs north to south from Semley to Brook Hill. There is very little development beyond this route, the land being predominantly parkland or farmland.

The village is comprised of about 210 houses which vary in age, size and character. Other significant larger houses in the area include the Grade- II listed Beauchamp House, situated north of Donhead House and also attributed to the architect C. E Ponting (1892), Donhead Lodge, unlisted, and further south Ferne House, which was rebuilt by Quinlan Terry in 2001. Opposite Donhead House on the east side of St Bartholomew Street is the Grade-II* listed Church of St Andrew, which dates from the 12th century but altered in the 14th and 19th centuries. The building is constructed in the local limestone and has a nave with north and south aisles, a western tower and a southern porch. The close proximity of the church and Donhead House is a reminder of the historical relationship between the two buildings.

Donhead House is enclosed from St Bartholomew’s Street by a stone wall which runs continuously along the road towards the south-west entrance gate. A gravelled path leads up to the east elevation entrance. Donhead House faces south-west, looking towards a vast stretch of open land.

3.2 The Building Externally

Whilst planning permission and listed building consent were granted in July 2017 for a comprehensive scheme of repair and alteration, these proposals have not yet been implemented and therefore the description of the building remains as per our earlier report.

3.2.1 Front Elevation

The front or south elevation of Donhead House is faced in limestone and is of three storeys over a basement and eight bays [Plate 24]. The five eastern-most bays form part of the early-18th century house, most probably constructed between c.1700-1720, and the three western-most bays form part of the 1892 extension by Charles Edwin Ponting.

The c.1700s range is defined by two rusticated piers located at either end of the building and a projecting central bay. At ground floor level there are two late-19 th century bay windows with stone parapets and central arched tripartite sash windows with one over one sashes at the corners. On the inside corners of the bay windows there are two downpipes that are embossed with the date 1892. In the central bay is the original entrance

28 Donald Insall Associates | Donhead House, Donhead St Andrew, Wiltshire SP7 9EB 24. Front or south elevation of Donhead House (2017), DIA

29 to the house though the rusticated porch and canopy appear to have been replaced in 1892 and the original entrance canopy relocated to the west elevation. Above the portico is a Latin inscription ‘Deus nobis haec Otia fecit’ which translates into ‘God gave us this peace’ [Plate 25]. At first floor level there are two original early-18th century six-over-six sash windows with stone-moulded architraves and keystones either side of the central bay. In the central bay there is an arched sash window with a stone moulded surround and apron. At roof level there is a timber cornice and a central stone pediment outlined with timber boarding, which is supported with paired stone corbels. The roof of the building is pitched and clad with clay tiles with three dormer windows. The outer dormers have six casement windows and central timber pediments and the central dormer has two casement windows and is adjoined by a detracting extract pipe.

The western range, constructed in 1892, is of a similar style to the original building. At ground floor level, in the eastern and central bays, there is a two-over-four sash window in the eastern bay and an original door in the central bay with a two-pain overlight. At first floor level there are two six-over-six sash windows with plain stone architraves. The western bay projects forward from the east and at the corner of the junction there is an original downpipe. At ground and first floor level there is a canted bay window; at ground floor level there is an original door with a shell-motif hood supported on large curved corbels. At the corners there are six- over-six sash windows with stone moulded architraves. At first floor level there are two narrow windows in the centre of the bay windows, both four-over-four sashes, and six-over-six sashes at the corner matching those in the bays below. At roof level there is a stone-faced pediment outlined with moulded timber boarding. In the centre of the pediment there is a dormer window with three casement windows, a timber dentil cornice and decorative scrolled stonework to the sides. The roof of the building is pitched with clay tiles and there is a large dormer to the east with four casements and a semi-circular timber pediment.

3.2.2 Rear Elevation

The rear elevation is contained in the north-west courtyard and is composed of several different ranges; to the north is the service wing constructed by Ponting in 1892, to the centre is a section of the early-19th century extension, which is adjoined by several late-19th century additions that return to the north-west.

The west elevation of the 1892 service wing is constructed of limestone and is of two storeys [Plate 26]. The ground floor was altered post 1969 when two timber-boarded garage doors were inserted. The 1948 ground floor plan shows that there were originally three windows in this location and two chimneybreasts in the interior, which were demolished to facilitate the garage doors. The southern doorway incorporates an early-18th century doorcase that is likely to have been relocated from the front elevation of the c.1700s range during Ponting’s remodelling of 1892 [Plate 27]. The chimneystack survives at first floor level and is flanked by two six- over-six sash windows with stone triangular pediments.

To the centre of the west elevation is a small section of the early-19th century extension, which has been heavily altered and largely concealed behind the extensions constructed in 1892. There appears to be one original window in the southern corner at second floor level, but the rest of the windows appear to have been inserted or replaced by Ponting in 1892, the sashes matching the windows used on his extensions.

30 Donald Insall Associates | Donhead House, Donhead St Andrew, Wiltshire SP7 9EB 25. Southern entrance porch with Latin inscription (2017), DIA 27. Rear elevation with early-18th century entrance porch relocated from the south elevation of the c.1700s building to the 1892 service extension (2017), DIA

26. Rear elevation of the 1892 northern service wing extension with modern garage doors at ground floor level (2017), DIA

31 The elevation returns to the north-west where there are a series of additions added by Ponting in 1892 [Plate 28]. At the corner of the early- 19th century range there is a hipped extension with a clay tiled roof with a small dormer window. At ground floor and first floor level there are two small four-over-four sash windows and to the west there is a large six-light stone mullion and transom window with leaded lights that turns the corner. In front of the building there is a stone staircase which provides access into a small basement, currently filled with water tanks and plant. Attached to the elevation are several downpipes. Behind is the roof of the western extension, which is faced in limestone with sash windows and a slated hipped roof. Further west is the end bay of the western extension, which has a stone million and transom window at ground floor level with leaded lights, fair-faced stone to the first floor and at roof level there is a gable end with pebble dash render and central three-light casement window. The gable end is outlined with a timber barge board.

3.2.3 East Elevations

The east-facing elevation illustrates three building phases at Donhead House; to the south is the c.1700s range, in the centre the 1892 porch and to the north the first floor elevation of the early-19th century extension [Plate 30]. The elevation of the c.1700s range is articulated with a central stone chimneystack and a stone-faced gable end terminating the southern range. At basement level there are two presumably original window openings, the window to the north with later modern glazing and the window to the south has a timber-boarded door. At ground and first floor level there are blocked windows either side of the central chimneystack, each with flat headers with stone-moulded keystones. The windows appear to have been blocked shortly after they were constructed with the exception of the top left window, which has clearly been blocked with later stone.

At the corner of the c.1700s range and 1892 porch there is a late- 19th century downpipe with initials H C for Horace Chapman who commissioned the extensions of 1892-3 [Plate 31]. The porch and stained-glass bay window sit in front of the early-19th century range. The porch is constructed in limestone and is of three storeys. At ground floor level there is an arched entrance porch with a central keystone flanked by fluted ionic pilasters and two stone plaques displaying the initials of Horace Chapman and the date of C. E Ponting’s completion of works: 1893 [Plate 32]. Between the ground and first floor there is a stone band with a metal hanging lantern. At first floor level there is a central eight-light stone mullion and transom window with leaded metal lights, either side of the window are two spear-heads carved into the stone. At the corners of the bay there are six light stone mullion and transom window with leaded metal lights. At second floor level there are four stone mullion windows on the front elevation and three on each side, all with the original leaded lights. At roof level there is a tall stone parapet with one final to the north, the finial to the south has presumably been lost, and a central triangular pediment.

The porch is adjoined by a single-storey stained glass bay window of the same date that presumably extended from the early-19th century rear wall. The bay is constructed of limestone and is of two bays to the front with eight-light stone mullion and transom windows in each bay, the bottom window with original leaded lights and the top window with original stained glass. Between each bay there are fluted ionic pilasters. The bay returns to the north and here there is a three light stone mullion and transom window following the same pattern as the windows on the front.

32 Donald Insall Associates | Donhead House, Donhead St Andrew, Wiltshire SP7 9EB 28. Rear elevation showing the 1892 northern service extension on the left, the early-19th century extension in the centre and the 1892 western extensions to the right (2017), DIA

29. Rear elevation of the 1892 western extensions and billiards room (2017), DIA

30. East elevation showing c.1700s building on the left, the 1892 porch extension in the centre and the early-19th century extension to the right (2017), DIA

33 Above the 1892 bay window is the east elevation of the early-19th century extension. It is of two bays and there are two six-over-six sash windows at first floor level and three over three at second floor level, all with simple stone cills and inset keystones. At the corners of the elevation there are two downpipes dating to 1892; these are embossed with the date of construction and the initial of Horace Chapman.

North of the early-19th century range is the east elevation to the former kitchen. The extension meets the external wall which encloses the house from St Bartholomew’s Street. The elevation is faced in limestone and is of a single storey; it originally had two windows which have since been blocked, the keystone headers of the windows remain in the stonework. The modern glazed roof is visible over the elevation.

3.2.4 West Elevations

The west elevation is comprised of the side elevation of the 1892 western extension and the adjoining billards room. The elevation of the main house is faced in limestone and is of three bays with two six-over-six sash windows at ground and first floor level positioned either side of a central projecting chimneystack [Plate 33]. Between the ground and first floor there are two stone stringcourses. At second floor level there is a timber cornice and the chimneystack projects above the roof; the chimneystack is curved at the sides and in the centre there is a stone plaque depicting the initials of Horace Chapman. Behind the chimneystack is an original dormer with four casement windows.

To the north the elevation is adjoined by the billards room, which was also constructed by Ponting in 1892. The billards room is constructed in limestone and is oval-shaped in plan, to the south there is a Doric colonnade and a small entrance porch with a fixed-glazed window; the elevation behind is covered in pebble dash render [Plate 34]. The rear of the billiards room was altered in the early-20th century when a small projection was added; this has rusticated stone piers and stone mullion windows to the side, but is otherwise faced in pebble dash render.

3.2.5 Roof

The roofs of the c.1700s range and western 1892 extension are pitched with red clay tiles. To the rear, there are flat roofs over the 1892 link buildings between the early-19th century extension and the main extension. The roof of the early-19th century extension is pitched with a central flat roof with an octagonal lantern [Plate 35]. Further north, there is a pitched roof over the 1892 two-storey service range with a flat roof over the kitchen with a central glazed lantern. The roof over the billiards room is th flat with a central pitched and hipped lantern. 35. Roof over the early-19 century extension (2017), DIA

34 Donald Insall Associates | Donhead House, Donhead St Andrew, Wiltshire SP7 9EB 31. Detail of hopper head showing the date of the construction of the 32. 1892 eastern entrance porch (2017), DIA porch, 1892, and the patrons initals, H.C for Horace Chapman (2017), DIA

33. West elevation of the 1892 extension (2017), DIA 34. West elevation of the 1892 billiards room (2017), DIA

35 3.3 The Building Internally

The extant building is comprised of four principal phases of construction:

• C.1700-1720 • Early-19 th century, most likely c.1800-1820 • Late-19 th century. Extensions and alterations of 1892 carried out by C.E. Ponting • 1968-9 and subsequent modern alterations and additions

The following description refers to the date of each room, and the fixtures and fittings within them, according to the phases of construction outlined above. Unless otherwise stated, the floor finishes are unknown, being concealed under modern carpet or lino, and all of the door ironmongery is modern.

This section should be read in conjunction with the existing plans and room numbers, which are included at the start of each section.

3.3.1 Basement

B01

Marked on the historic maps as built by 1768. 18th century stone staircase, modern door at the bottom of the staircase which is of no significance. Brick walls now concealed under modern paint. Detracting modern pipes to the underside of the ceiling, which significantly reduce the head height in this room. Stone staircase to the south into the raised floor of the c.1700s range, most probably also 18th century in date. Floor concealed under substantial basement flooding at the time of survey.

B02

Part of c.1700s building. Lobby. Original brick walls, walls to the east and west have been tanked, all are painted. Detracting modern pipes the underside of the ceiling which also block the top of the entrance to B05. Quarry tiled floor.

B03

Part of c.1700s building. Original timber plank door with original strap hinge at the bottom and a late-19th century replacement strap hinge at the top [Plate 36]. Original brick-arched entrance and barrel vaulted brick store with stone wall to the south. Detracting modern service pipe fixed to the underside of the ceiling. Quarry tile floor.

B04

Part of c.1700s building. Presumably a former kitchen of the original building [Plate 37]. Stone walls to the east, south and half of the west wall, brick walls to the north and north-west [Plate 38]. Original arched brick doorway to the west, no door. Ceiling with 16th century carved timber beams, generally boxed in with modern plasterboard [Plates 39 and 40]. The beams appear to have been reused, perhaps from the original medieval building on site, and they of a higher status than one would expect of a basement room. Early-18th century floor joists underneath, also concealed behind modern plasterboard, though the original lath and

36 Donald Insall Associates | Donhead House, Donhead St Andrew, Wiltshire SP7 9EB Copyright: All rights reserved. This drawing must not be reproduced without permission. Only the original drawing should be relied upon. Contractors, subcontractors and suppliers must verify all dimensions on site before commencing any work or making any shop drawings. All shop drawings to be submitted to the architect for comment prior to fabrication.

Do not scale from this drawing. Dimensions are in millimetres unless G otherwise stated.

revision / date / amendments

LEGEND

Proposed Works H

Existing Building Fabric

J Building Fabric to be demolished

B Demolition of Flooring

K Proposed Excavation

Remove and retain in alternate location

G01 m2 ft2 Room Number

D.G.08 Door Number

W.G.42 Window Number

C A B D Wall Number C

W.G D .03 .B.04 BUILDING AGES

Early Georgian 1700-1720

D B06

A Built by 1768 - largely re-built 19th century

B C c. 1800

B07 1892-1893 by C. E. Ponting for H. E. Chapman A

B C Built by 1920

D .B.01 A

B01 A

B C

B05 B B02 A A D B .02

.B C D B D C

D F .B.03

C D

B C

D A

A B .01

G B03 B04 C

.02

D 0 1 2 3 5m

Archer Humphryes Architects P Joseph Basement K Central House 142 Central Street London, United Kingdom EC1V 8AR T : +44 (0) 20 7251 8555

project title DONHEAD HOUSE

drawing title scale date BASEMENT PLAN 1:50 @A0 27.02.17 drawn checked LP DA drawing number revision AHA/ DSA / EX /099 -

Basement floor plan (Archer Humphryes Architects)

36. Original early-18th century timber plank 40. Original early-18th century timber floor 41. Part of c.1700s building, original early-18th door with original strap hinge at the bottom and joists in room B04 showing lath and plaster century brick wine vault in room B05 (2017), DIA late-19 th replacement strap hinge at the top, marks (2017), DIA room B03 (2017), DIA

37 37. Part of the c.1700s building, presumably the former kitchen, room B04 (2017), DIA

38. Original early-18th century stone and brick wall to the west of B04 (2017), DIA

39. Presumably re-used 16th century timber beams in room B04, now largely concealed behind modern plasterboard (2017), DIA

38 Donald Insall Associates | Donhead House, Donhead St Andrew, Wiltshire SP7 9EB plaster marks remain on the joists. The ceiling is supported with modern steel supports. Original stone chimneystack to the west flanked by two original window openings, the opening to the north has a detracting modern window and fan and the opening to the south has a modern timber hatch. Quarry tiled floor.

B05

Part of c.1700s building. Late-19th century metal door, usually used for a safe or ‘strong room’. Original barrel-vaulted brick cellar with stone wall to the east. Original brick wine vaults [Plate 41]. Modern paint to brickwork. York stone floor.

B06 and B07

Part of 1892 extension. Basement accessed from an external staircase. Brick walls and stone floor original to 1892. Modern water tanks block access to the rear of the basement in B07.

39 Ground Floor

G01

Part of 1892 extension. Entrance porch, all fittings date to 1892. Stone barrel-vaulted room with ribbed ceiling, cornice, corbels and stone-flag floor. Main entrance doors are original but have later glazed top panels; inner double doors are intricately carved with a festooned timber inset above [Plate 42].

G02 and G03

Part of the early-19th century extension; heavily re-modelled in 1892 as a Neo-Elizabethan entrance hall, which is of high significance [Plate 43].

Room G03 with re-used 16th century timber beams with carved rosettes, 1892 floor joists and floorboards above. The beams at the corners of the room date to 1892 but replicate the style of the 16th century beams. Three-quarter height timber panelling and narrow timber floorboards, both of which date to 1892. To the east is a stained glass bay constructed by Ponting in 1892 beyond the early-19th century rear wall of the building, a downstand survives with 1892 timber panelling. The bay has stone mullion and transom windows with leaded lights and stained glass panels in the toplights. The panels depict the Virgin Mary and the coat of arms of the patron of the extensions, Horace Chapman and his wife Adelaide Maria Fletcher, daughter of Sir Henry Fletcher, 3rd Baron. To the west there is a stone chimneypiece with carved volute scrolls to the sides and a decorative pulvinated mantelpiece [Plate 44]. Raised stone hearth, all dating to 1892.

To the south there is a downstand, presumably the rear wall of the early- 19th century room, which visually separates the entrance corridor to the main reception room. Here there is a plain panelled ceiling and timber cornice of 1892, and the timber wall panelling in G03 is also continued. To the west there is a double archway, presumably constructed in 1892, with steps into G05.

G04

Part of c.1700s building. Full-height panelled interior either early-18th century in date or good-quality scholarly replica work of the late-19th century (presumably by Ponting) [Plate 45]. On first inspection this panelling appears to be a complete scheme of the 1740s or 1750s; however, if the staircase is not in its original location (see description for G06 below) then the doorway from G04 to G06 also cannot be in its original location. This door opening , which has an original six-panelled door and architrave, would appear to have been relocated from the southern end of the ground floor, presumably when the staircase in G06 was altered. However, there are no marks in the panelling to suggest that the door has been moved and it is also unclear how the windows on the east elevation (visible externally as having been blocked in) would have been incorporated with this panelled room. This suggest two possibilities: if this is panelling of the second or third quarter of the 18th century, it has been altered very carefully in areas such that it is no longer possible to see these alterations; or the whole panelling scheme was installed at or after 1892 to recall the appearance of a panelled room from the 1740s.

Original dentil cornice, original wide floorboards, both compatible with the early 18th century. To the north there is a decorative niche which forms part of the panelled interior and to the east there is an original or late-19th century chimneypiece with a pulvinated frieze and stone inset. The stone

40 Donald Insall Associates | Donhead House, Donhead St Andrew, Wiltshire SP7 9EB Copyright: All rights reserved . This drawing must not be reproduced without permission. Only the original drawing should be relied upon . Contractors, subcontractors and suppliers must verify all dimensions on site before commencing any work or making any shop drawings. All shop drawings to be submitted to the architect for comment prior to fabrication.

revision / date / amendments

LEGEND

.33/34/35 .G Proposed Works W H A

B Existing Building Fabric C W .30/31/32 .G W.G .46

.26 J W Building Fabric to be demolished G27 .G .G D .47

.36/37/38 .G B W Demolition of Flooring

.28/29 W .G .G .48 W K Proposed Excavation

D G18A

C B A W Remove and retain in alternate location .G A D .49/50 A W

.G B C B .25/26/27 D C G01 .25 D.G .G G20 .27 2 2 Room Number D m ft G26 D .G.28

G18 D.G.08 Door Number

W.G.42 A Window Number

D A C W B .G B C .51/52 D Wall Number W.G .06 .39/40 .G

.24 IW C

.G D

.11

.G D D G19 D.G .G.13 .22

.30 C .G G21 D G13 G12 D 1892-1893 by C. E. Ponting for H. E. Chapman D .32 .G .10 .31 C B .G .G G14 D D B D.G A .08 G11 C Built by 1920 A D A G25 G09 W .G.01/02/03 B D

B B C A A A D.G C .04 .23 D D .G.09 .G G07 W G03 B C A

D C D B A

.07 .04/05/06/07

.G .G D D G05 W

A B

.G .22 G10

.06

.G A D D B .08/09/10/11 .G

W A W.G .21 .20 .G C G02 W W.G B .19 B

.02 B C .G G08 D

.03 A W.G .G D .18 D

B F G01 .01 C .G A D G06

.17 D

C G

A B C G04

W D.G .G.16 .05

.15 .G W

W H .G

.14

D 0 1 2 3 5m

J W.G .13

.12 .G W

Archer Humphryes Architects P Joseph Basement K Central House 142 Central Street London, United Kingdom EC1V 8AR T : +44 (0) 20 7251 8555

project title DONHEAD HOUSE

drawing title scale date GROUND FLOOR PLAN 1:50 @A0 03.03.17 drawn checked LP DA drawing number revision AHA/ DSA / EX /100 -

Ground floor plan (Archer Humphryes Architects)

42. 1892 timber-carved entrance doors in 43. Neo-Elizabethan entrance hall created in 1892 with re-used 16th century timber beams, room room G01 (2017), DIA G03 (2017), DIA

41 44. 1892 stone chimneypiece and hearth in room G03 (2017), DIA

45. Part of the c.1700s building, full height timber panelling either early-18th century in date or good quality historicist work of 1892, room G04 (2017), DIA

46. Marked on the historic maps as built by 1768, presumably altered in the early-19th century and heavily re-modelled in 1892 with a central atrium and full-height timber panelling with fluted Ionic pilasters, room G05 (2017), DIA

42 Donald Insall Associates | Donhead House, Donhead St Andrew, Wiltshire SP7 9EB hearth is a modern replacement. To the south is a bay window, marked on the 1887 ordnance survey map but seemingly reconstructed in 1892. The walls of the bay window have been panelled to match the rest of the room. The bay window otherwise has a cornice, narrow floorboards and three sash windows with two-panelled shutters and linings, all dating to 1892.

G05

Marked on the historic maps as built by 1768, presumably altered in the early-19 th century and heavily re-modelled in 1892 with a central atrium and full-height timber panelling with fluted Ionic pilasters, which continues into G07 [Plate 46]. To the north is a two-panelled door to G11, which forms part of the 1892 panelled interior. To the east there is an arched opening to G02 and to the south a wide opening to G06, both of which appear to have been created in 1892. The opening to G06 is lined with timber panelling with paired Doric pilasters. 1892 parquet flooring.

G06

Part of c.1700s building. Original entrance and stairwell. The ground-to- first floor flight of the staircase appears to have been reassembled and extended further forward in the stairwell, most probably carried out in 1892. The reasons for the reconstruction of the stair appear to be twofold:

• th To link the stair to the landing of the 19 century extension in room 101, which is at a lower floor level. The creation of the new landing appears to have required the staircase to be pushed further forward in the stair compartment. • To create head height into the wide opening into room G05, presumably constructed in the late-19th century.

The staircase also appears to have been altered during its reconstruction. The balusters have been cut at the bottom and inserted into square plinths, and, most obviously, the handrail has been replaced [Plate 47]. In addition, the risers do not sit on the tread ends, as would be expected of an early-18th century stair, and the staircase has been extended at the bottom by three curved treads [Plate 48] to form a large curtail. The staircase and stairwell also appear to have later dado panelling, most probably inserted in 1892.

The reconstruction of the stair appears to have blocked the entrance into the western ground floor room, room G08, and this is perhaps the reason why both of the entrances to the front rooms appear to have been relocated to the rear of the building. Indeed, in a building of this date it would be highly unusual for the entrances to these rooms to have been originally positioned at the rear, or for the bottom of the stair to be so close to the entrance door.

Within the stairwell, there is otherwise a later, presumably 1892, cornice. There are generally original early-18th century floorboards, though those under the stair are late-19th century replacements, presumably relating to the relocated ground floor staircase or removal of a basement stair in this location. To the east and west there are original architraves and six- panelled doors, most likely relocated, and to the south there is an original entrance door and lock with a moulded architrave and panelled shutters (painted shut).

43 47. Early-18 th century extension reassembled 48. Detail of the early-19th century staircase with the original risers now sitting off the tread ends in 1892 together with three new treads at the below (2017), DIA bottom, balusters re-set onto new plinths and a new balustrade, room G06 (2017), DIA

49. 1892 bolection moulded chimneypiece in room G08 (2017), DIA 50. Part of the 1892 extension, all fittings date to 1892 including the plain chimneypiece (2017), DIA

44 Donald Insall Associates | Donhead House, Donhead St Andrew, Wiltshire SP7 9EB G07

Part of the early-19th century extension; heavily re-modelled in 1892. 1892 full-height timber panelling with fluted Ionic pilasters continuing from G05. A short flight of stairs to the west which provide access into the raised extensions constructed in 1892. 1892 parquet flooring.

G08

Part of c.1700s building. Original six-panelled door and architrave, possibly relocated from the southern end of the room. Original early-18th century egg and dart cornice. This room otherwise appears to have been heavily remodelled in 1892 with a thick dado rail, skirting, floorboards and pulvinated chimneypiece to the west wall with a modern marble hearth [Plate 49]. To the south there is a bay window marked on the 1887 ordnance survey map but seemingly reconstructed in 1892. There is a cornice that that closely resembles the early-18th century cornice in the main room, though there are subtle differences in the make-up of the mouldings. Bay with three sash windows with two-panelled shutters and panelled linings, all dating to 1892. To the north-west there is a six-panelled door and architrave. This doorway appears to have been constructed in the 1892 to link the c.1700s building to the new extension. The doorway was blocked and converted into a cupboard in the late-20th century, the cupboard is of no significance.

G09

Part of 1892 extension. Lobby together with G21. All fittings date to 1892. Panelled interior with staircase to the north with turned timber balusters and a ball finial newel post. Timber floorboards. Six-panelled doors and architraves to G10, G22 and small cupboard under the stair, the latter now locked shut. Multi-panelled door to G25.

G10

Part of 1892 extension, all fittings date to 1892. Six-panelled door, panelled lining and architrave, the top of the door is truncated by a detracting modern bulkhead. Main room with cornice, picture rail, skirting, eastern chimneybreast with plain timber surround and stone hearth, southern sash window and door, both with panelled shutters and architraves [Plate 50].

G11

Marked on the historic maps as built by 1768, presumably altered in the early-19 th century but heavily re-modelled in 1892 and all fittings date to this period. Secondary staircase either inserted or replaced in 1892 with splat-balusters and ball-finial newel posts [Plate 51]. Panelled door to underside of stair enclosing basement staircase with later glazed panel.

To the north there are modern timber doors to G16. To the west there is a timber-glazed partition to G12, inserted in 1892, and a section of architrave above the door opening to G13, now blocked and truncated by later additions. It is not clear what opening this architrave would have originally related to and it is of no significance overall.

G12

Marked on the historic maps as built by 1768, presumably altered in the early-19 th century but heavily re-modelled in 1892. Timber-glazed partition and door, most probably inserted in 1892, some glazing is blocked with plyboard. All modern shelving and fixtures and fittings of no significance

45 51. 1892 secondary staircase in room G11 52. Marked on the historic maps as built by 1768 but appears to have been substantially rebuilt with splat balusters and ball-finial newel posts in 1892. Former servants’ kitchen, generally all modern fixtures and fittings aside from stone (2017), DIA chimneypiece to the south (2017), DIA

53. Part of 1892 extension with original stone 54. Part of 1892 extension with original stone rear wall of the early-19th century extension to the rear wall of the early-19th century extension right with an original sash window, room G19 (2017), DIA to the left with a modern window, room G18 (2017), DIA

46 Donald Insall Associates | Donhead House, Donhead St Andrew, Wiltshire SP7 9EB aside from the northern window, which is an early-19th century two-over- six sash window with later glass, positioned in the rear wall of the early- 19th century extension. The window has splayed linings to all but the west which is truncated by the partition to the stair in G11.

G13, G14 and G15

Rear room of early-19th century extension, originally one room which was subdivided in 1968 to form three small rooms. All modern partitions and fixtures and fittings of no significance including modern doorway from G19 to G15. Blocked and truncated chimneybreast to the east of G15.

G16

Marked on the historic maps as built by 1768 but appears to have been substantially rebuilt in 1892. Apparently the former lobby to the service range but all walls/partitions have been subsequently demolished and only columns and downstands remain. There are otherwise all modern fixtures and fittings including a detracting modern glazed lean-to roof to the east, meeting the arched entrance to G19, and modern lino flooring. Due to the level of alteration this space, together with G17 and G18, is of limited significance.

G17

Marked on the historic maps as built by 1768 but appears to have been substantially rebuilt in 1892. Former servants’ kitchen, generally all modern fixtures and fittings including a dado rail, skirting and lino flooring [Plate 52]. To the north there is a modern cupboard truncating a late-19 th century louvered window, and modern built-in cupboards of no significance. To the east there are two blocked windows and to the south there is a late-19th century large stone chimneypiece with a moulded mantelpiece. At roof level there is a late-19th century timber-framed skylight.

G18

Part of 1892 extension. The 1948 ground floor plan shows that in the late- 19th century this area is likely to have formed a corridor to the northern secondary staircase [plate 17]. Subdivided in 1968 to form a kitchenette. Modern partition to the north to G18A and to the south to G16, which are of no significance. To the east there is a stone wall that appears to be 18th century in date with a modern window in what is presumably an 18th century window opening [Plate 53]. This wall may well be the former rear wall of the house, fronting the east side of the courtyard, shown on the 1768 and 1878 maps. To the west is the rear wall of G20, constructed in 1892. Modern lino flooring.

G18A

Part of 1892 extension. Modern W.C with modern door and architrave of no significance. Early-20th century metal-framed casement to the north and modern bathroom fittings of no significance. All brick walls, which suggest that if the earlier wall to the east of G18 was the former rear wall of the house, this either did not extend further north or was rebuilt in 1892. Modern lino flooring.

47 G19

Part of 1892 extension. Side entrance corridor with late-19th century multi-panelled door and leaded overlight. 1892 partition to the north with modern door and architrave to G20 that are of no significance. 1892 partition in the centre of the corridor with a moulded architrave and timber-glazed door.

To the south is the original rear wall of the early-19th century extension, constructed in stone with some later brick infill to the west, which perhaps conceals the location of a former door. To the east is a modern entrance door to G15, which is of no significance, and an early-19th century two- over-six sash window, which is original to this wall of the building [Plate 54]. There are detracting service boxes, wiring and downpipes attached to the wall.

The floor level in the corridor is stepped to accommodate the change in levels at the west end of the building, modern lino floor.

G20

Part of 1892 extension. The 1948 ground floor plan shows that this area was originally subdivided into two rooms with a servants’ stair to the north [plate 17]. It was converted into an open-plan garage in the late-20th century with two large timber doors to the west. Room was inaccessible at the time of survey.

G21

Part of 1892 extension. Lobby together with G09. All fittings date to 1892 [Plate 55]. Panelled walls with original staircase to the north with turned timber balusters and a ball finial newel post. Timber floorboards. Six- panelled doors and architraves to G10, G22 and small cupboard under the stair, the latter now locked shut. Multi-panelled door to G25.

G22

Part of 1892 extension. Timber-panelled door and architrave and two timber casements to the north dating to 1892, otherwise all modern bathroom fittings of no significance.

G23

Part of 1892 extension, corridor to Billiards Room [Plate 56]. All fittings date to 1892 unless otherwise mentioned. Timber-panelled door to the east with glazed toplights and leaded overlight above, with modern security bars to the outer face in G09. Glazed roof, now boarded over, with decorative metal roof truss. Full-height panelling; the panelling to the south appears to be earlier in date and has clearly been taken apart and reassembled in this room as some areas do not fit together properly. There is also a modern service hatch in the centre to G25. The panelling to the north most probably dates to 1892 and there is a modern timber- panelled entrance door to G04 flanked by two windows, now boarded over, and an 1892 six-panelled door to a small cupboard. Double timber doors to G26. Parquet flooring.

G24

Part of 1892 extension, originally a secondary entrance. The rear wall was extended out in 1968-9 to form a small store, removing an original window to extend with the void under the stairs in G21. Modern timber panelled door with glazed toplights flanked by two windows, now boarded over. Interior of room inaccessible at time of survey.

48 Donald Insall Associates | Donhead House, Donhead St Andrew, Wiltshire SP7 9EB 55. Part of 1892 extension with fluted pilasters in room G21 (2017), DIA 56. Part of 1892 extension, corridor to billiards room with original glazed roof (now boarded over) with metal roof truss, room G23(2017), DIA

57. Part of 1892 extension with timber-panelled walls and ceiling, modern kitchen fittings of no significance, room G25 (2017), DIA

49 G25

Part of 1892 extension, formerly a drawing room, now a kitchen [Plate 57]. All fixtures and fittings date to 1892 aside from the modern kitchen island and units, which are of no significance. Multi-panelled timber door and architrave, three-quarter height timber panelling and timber-panelled ceiling with some modern spot lights. Modern service hatch to the north, cut into panelling, bay window to the south with moulded brackets, central door flanked by sash windows with panelled linings. To the west there are two sash windows, both with panelled linings, and a central concave- moulded chimneypiece to the west with an egg and dart cornice and stone hearth [Plate 58]. Timber floorboards.

G26 and G27

Billards room constructed in 1892, the northern projection G27 constructed slightly later in the early-20th century.

G26 with all fixtures and fittings dating to 1892 including raised and fielded six-panelled double doors to the south. Central room with barrel-vaulted ceiling with central timber-framed skylight, the latter appears to have been recently refurbished, picture rail, skirting and parquet flooring - some areas of which are water damaged [Plate 59]. To the east there is a timber chimneypiece with Corinthian pilasters, a reeded mantelpiece and a glazed-tiled fireback, no grate [Plate 60]. Flanking the chimneypiece are two in-built timber cupboards with panelled doors. To the west are stone- mullion and transom windows with leaded lights.

G27 with early-20th century timber architrave, half-height timber panelling; the panelling to the west appears to be a later replacement with boxed out seating, the panelling to the east, with timber seating supporting on timber balusters, is likely to be original to the early-20th century. Apparently later timber strap-panelling above. To the north there is an early-20th century stone chimneypiece with a later bracketed timber mantelpiece. Glazed- tiled fireback with arts and crafts illustrations of birds and flowers, stone and brick hearth [Plate 61]. To the east and west there are three-light stone million windows with leaded lights, the window to the east has been blocked.

58. 1892 chimneypiece in room G25 with egg and dart cornice and stone hearth (2017), DIA

50 Donald Insall Associates | Donhead House, Donhead St Andrew, Wiltshire SP7 9EB 59. Part of 1892 extension, billiards room with stone mullion and transom windows and parquet flooring, room G26 (2017), DIA

60. 1892 timber chimneypiece with Corinthian pilasters in room G26 61. Early-20th century extension to the 1892 billiards room with a stone (2017), DIA chimneypiece and glazed-tile fireback, room G27 (2017), DIA

51 First Floor

101

Part of the early-19th century extension but heavily re-modelled in 1892 with a central atrium and timber balustrade around the opening. Fittings date to 1892 including Doric pilasters to the walls with arched in ceiling above. Two three-panelled doors and architraves to 102 and panelled doorway to 106.

102

Part of the early-19th century extension but heavily re-modelled in 1892 with a replacement or inserted secondary staircase, which has splat balusters and ball finial newel posts. The staircase is generally lit with late- 19th century sashes but there is one early-19th century sash at the top of the stair.

To the west is a small room with an 1892 three-panelled door and architrave, which has been re-hung, modern timber panelling to the walls and two sash windows to the north inserted in 1892.

103 and 104

Part of the early-19th century extension, presumably originally one room now subdivided with a modern bathroom in 104, which has also truncated the chimneybreast to the north, now blocked. Modern built-in cupboards to the north of no significance.

Room 103 with 1892 bolection moulded architrave and modern door. No cornice and a modern skirting, to the east there are two early-19th century sash windows with panelled shutters (painted shut) and architraves, the latter of which have been truncated by modern cills.

Room 104 is a later insertion of no significance with a modern door and bolection moulded architrave to match the 1892 ones used elsewhere. Modern sash to the north wall and modern bathroom fittings.

105

Part of 1892 extension over porch. All fittings date to 1892 including the door and bolection moulded architrave, cornice, skirting and stone mullion and transom windows with leaded casements. To the south there is a blocked chimneybreast and an early-19th century staircase through the external wall of the c.1700s range into room 106.

106

Part of c.1700s building. Original raised and fielded six-panelled door and architrave, relocated further north from an original opening, the marks of which are visible in the dado panelling. 1892 cornice and dado panelling with raised and fielded panels [Plate 62]. To the north there is an early- 19th century four-panelled door and architrave providing access to the staircase in 105. To the east there is an 1892 chimneypiece with a timber surround, with an early-18th century stone insert and marble hearth [Plate 63]. To the south there are two original early-18th century windows with panelled shutters, linings and aprons. In front of the aprons are modern radiators.

52 Donald Insall Associates | Donhead House, Donhead St Andrew, Wiltshire SP7 9EB Copyright: All rights reserved. This drawing must not be reproduced without permission. Only the original drawing should be relied upon. Contractors, subcontractors and suppliers must verify all dimensions on site before commencing any work or making any shop drawings. All shop drawings to be submitted to the architect for comment prior to fabrication.

Do not scale from this drawing. Dimensions are in millimetres unless G otherwise stated.

revision / date / amendments

LEGEND

W .1 .37 Proposed Works H

Existing Building Fabric

J Building Fabric to be demolished W .1 .38

B Demolition of Flooring

A K Proposed Excavation .36

.1 D W 114 B B C A Remove and retain in alternate location

C D 115 D .1.18 G01 m2 ft2 Room Number .17

.1 D C

B D.G.08 .35 D Door Number .1

W A .19 .1 D

W.G.42 112 Window Number C 113 A B B D Wall Number A C

C D

W .1.28/29/30

.39 .16 .1 .1 W B D BUILDING AGES .26/27 A .1 W .33/34 W .1 .31 .1 C W

W.1 .32 B Early Georgian 1700-1720

A .22 .1 W D C .1.40/41/42/43 W D .24/25 .1 Built by 1768 - largely re-built 19th century W 111 W .1.23 W .1.44 118 110 c. 1800 102 W .1.45 122 B D B .1.23

A A A

C C 1892-1893 by C. E. Ponting for H. E. Chapman 121 D D D A D.1 .21 B .25 D .1 C D.1 D .03 D B .22 D .1.0 .1 .1.20 1 C Built by 1920 D 119 A

D A B D .1.24 C D .1.14 D.1 A .02 B

D C 104 117 109 .1.15 .21 B .1 D .1.05 W 120 .13 D .46 .1 .1 C D A W C B B 101 D .12 D A .1 .09 A D .1 D 103 D.1 .04 D

.11

.1 A D W 116 B .1

.47 .20 .1 C W

D A W .1.01/02/03

W 105 .1.19 108 .18 .1 W W .1.17 D D .1.07 C B

.10 A .1 D B W .1.16

F .08 .1 D

.04/05/06/07

107 W W .1.15 W .1.08/09/10 .06 C .1 G D B W 106 .1.14 D D C A C

A B

W .1.13

W .1.12 H

W .1.11 D 0 1 2 3 5m

Archer Humphryes Architects P Joseph Basement K Central House 142 Central Street London, United Kingdom EC1V 8AR T : +44 (0) 20 7251 8555

project title DONHEAD HOUSE

drawing title scale date FIRST FLOOR PLAN 1:50 @A0 27.02.17 drawn checked LP DA drawing number revision AHA/ DSA / EX /101 -

First floor plan (Archer Humphryes Architects)

62. 1892 timber chimneypiece in room 106, which is in the c.1700s 63. Early-19 th century sash with panelled shutters and linings in room 106 building (2017), DIA (2017), DIA

53 107

Part of c.1700s building, original stairwell. Original early-18th century egg and dart and acanthus leaf cornice, 1892 century skirting. The staircase appears to have been altered in 1892 when the west side of the landing was lowered to accommodate the level change in the early-19th century extension [Plate 64]. Original balusters, re-set into plinths and with a replacement handrail, both of which date to 1892.

To the east and west are two original early-18th century raised and fielded six panel doors and architraves. The door openings have been re-located further north and the architraves also appear to have been truncated. To the south is an original early-18th century arched sash window with panelled shutters, a panelled apron and a moulded architrave. The arch above the window is decorated with plasterwork rosettes. Detracting modern boxing out either side of the window that crash into the window architrave. Detracting service riser in the south-west corner, which cuts through the original cornice.

108

Part of the c.1700s building. Original early-18th century raised and fielded six-panelled door and architrave, relocated further north from an original opening. Appears to be 1892 replacement cornice and skirting. To the south there are two original early-18th century sash windows with raised and fielded panelled shutters (painted shut) and linings. Modern detracting plain aprons. To the west there is an 1892 chimneypiece with floral inserts at the sides and timber hooks above [Plate 65]. Glazed-brick fireplace and simple metal grate. The marble hearth may be early-18th century in date. To the south of the chimneypiece there is an 1892 door and architrave to the 1892 extension, room 116, and to the north there is a modern built-in cupboard.

109

Part of the early-19th century extension but heavily re-modelled in 1892 as a corridor to the 1892 extensions. To the north is an 1892 three-panelled door and bolection moulded architrave to room 110, modern two panelled door of no significance and re-used 1892 bolection moulded architrave to room 111. To the west, 1892 staircase to the second floor.

110 and 111

Part of early-19th century extension, originally one room which was subdivided in 1969 to form a new corridor to the 1892 northern service range.

Room 110 with 1892 three-panelled door and bolection moulded architrave. Detracting modern suspended ceiling. No cornice, modern skirting. Detracting modern partition to the east, two 1892 sash windows to the west.

Room 111 with modern door of no significance and reused architrave. Detracting modern suspended ceiling. Modern steps to the north through the original external wall of the 1892 service range. Blocked chimneybreast to the east and modern skirting. A section of 1892 picture rail survives on the east wall.

54 Donald Insall Associates | Donhead House, Donhead St Andrew, Wiltshire SP7 9EB 64. Part of c.1700s building, original stairwell. 65. 1892 timber chimneypiece in room 108, which is in the c.1700s building (2017), DIA Original early-18th century egg and dart and acanthus leaf cornice. The staircase appears to have been altered in 1892 when the west side of the landing was lowered to accommodate the level change in the early- 19th century extension, room 107 (2017), DIA

66. 1892 chimneypiece in the northern service wing extension, room 112 67. Modern bathroom of no significance in the northern service wing (2017), DIA extension, room 113, (2017), DIA

55 112

Part of 1892 service wing extension. 1892 bolection moulded architrave, modern door of no significance. No cornice, plain skirting. 1892 corner chimneypiece with a fluted surround and metal grate, the fireplace has been boarded over [Plate 66]. 1892 sash to the west.

113

Part of 1892 service wing extension. Modern bathroom inserted in the 1969 [Plate 67]. Aside from the 1892 sash to the east the partitions and fixtures and fittings are modern and of no significance.

114 and 115

Part of 1892 service wing extension. Two rooms created in 1969. 1892 bolection moulded architraves have been reused but both rooms have modern doors. No cornices, modern skirtings, 1892 sash windows. In room 114 there is an 1892 chimneypiece in the south-west corner with Greek- key motifs and a bolection moulded frieze. In the centre of the fireplace is the top half of a metal grate with sunflower motifs, the lower section of the grate has been removed and the fireplace boarded over [Plate 68]. To the north of room 115 is a modern section of floor where the original staircase was removed and floored over.

116

Part of 1892 extension. Dressing room with 1892 cornice to the south and west and modern cornice to the north and east, modern skirting. Blocked chimneybreast to the east. 1892 door to the east through the original external wall of the c.1700s range. Two 1892 sash windows to the south.

117

Part of 1892 extension. 1892 panelled door lining and five-panelled door from room 119, cornice and skirting. Modern built-in cupboards to the east concealing a blocked chimneybreast, modern bathroom fittings and marble floor of no significance.

118

Part of 1892 extension. 1892 three-panelled door and architrave. No cornice, modern skirting, modern bathroom fittings of no significance. 1892 sash to the north.

119

Part of 1892 extension. 1892 staircases to the north and east with matching timber balustrades. Staircase to the north lit by stone mullion and transom windows with leaded casements. 1892 three-panelled door and architrave to northern tank cupboard.

120

Part of 1892 extension. Bedroom. 1892 architrave and modern six- panelled door. All fittings date to 1892 including moulded cornice and skirting, bay window to the south with timber sashes and sash to the west with a splayed lining and architrave. Presumably there is a blocked chimneybreast to the west.

56 Donald Insall Associates | Donhead House, Donhead St Andrew, Wiltshire SP7 9EB 121

Part of 1892 extension. All fittings date to 1892 including corridor with panelled archway from F19, cornice and skirting. Sash to the north, architraves to F23 and F24, three-panelled door to F23, but apparently modern six-panelled door to F24.

122

Part of 1892 extension. Bathroom. All fittings date to 1892 including architrave and three-panelled door, cornice, dado panelling and skirting. 1892 sash to the west with a splayed lining and panelled architrave and a timber chimneypiece and grate with a blue glazed tiled fire back and hearth [Plate 69]. Modern floor and bathroom fittings of no significance.

68. 1892 chimneypiece in the northern service 69. Part of 1892 extension, bathroom in room 122 with 1892 timber chimneypiece with blue wing extension, room 114 (2017), DIA glazed-tile fireback and hearth (2017), DIA

57 Second Floor

201

Part of the early-19th century extension but heavily re-modelled in 1892 with a central atrium and timber balustrade around the opening, octagonal timber-framed rooflight [Plate 70]. Reused early-18th century six-panelled door to 205, plain modern door to 202, both with 1892 architraves with decorative Doric pilasters. 1892 picture rail.

202

Part of the early-19th century extension, heavily re-modelled in 1892. Secondary staircase inserted or replaced in 1892 with arched opening and 1892 sash in the north wall. Two 1892 bolection moulded architraves to 201 and 205, early-18th century raised and fielded six-panel door to 205 and plain modern door to 201, the latter of which is of no significance [Plate 71]

203 and 204

Part of the early-19th century extension, presumably subdivided in 1892 or later with a cupboard, W.C and small room to the west. Cupboard with 1892 architrave and modern door, W.C with 1892 architrave and modern door, modern bathroom fittings of no significance. West room with 1892 architrave and modern door and early-19th century three-over-three sash to the north wall with moulded architrave, panelled apron and lining. The window is partially truncated by the later partition to the central W.C [Plate 72]

205

Originally part of the early-19th century extension which was altered in 1892 with the addition of the south-east porch. Apparently reused early- 18th century raised and fielded six-panel doors and architraves to 201 and 202. Modern ceiling, generally replacement skirting though some original sections survive on the east wall. Blocked chimneybreasts to the north, south and west, that to the north forming a recessed section in the wall. Original early-19th century three-over-three sash, moulded architrave and panelled lining to the north-east wall, the panelled apron has been lost. 1892 sash windows and architraves to the north and south-east walls.

1892 porch with archway, which was most likely created out of the external wall of the early-19th century, extension. 1892 stone mullion and transom windows with leaded casements and skirting.

206

Part of c.1700s building. Modern staircase from 205 constructed in 1969 cutting through the original rear wall of the c.1700s range. Access into roof hatch over 301.

East room of c.1700s range with modern door and staircase to the north to 205 together with modern cupboards. Original early-18th century chimneybreast to the east that has been blocked and truncated at the top. 1892 dormer to the south with timber casements and 1892 four-panelled door to the west to 207. Original early-18th century exposed timber rafters and tie beams with carpenters marks [Plate 73]. Sections of original early- 18th century plain skirting on the east and west walls.

58 Donald Insall Associates | Donhead House, Donhead St Andrew, Wiltshire SP7 9EB Copyright: All rights reserved. This drawing must not be reproduced without permission. Only the original drawing should be relied upon. Contractors, subcontractors and suppliers must verify all dimensions on site before commencing any work or making any shop drawings. All shop drawings to be submitted to the architect for comment prior to fabrication.

Do not scale from this drawing. Dimensions are in millimetres unless G otherwise stated.

revision / date / amendments

LEGEND

Proposed Works H

Existing Building Fabric

J Building Fabric to be demolished

B Demolition of Flooring

K Proposed Excavation

Remove and retain in alternate location

G01 m2 ft2 Room Number

D.G.08 Door Number

W.G.42 Window Number

C A B D Wall Number C

BUILDING AGES .28

W Early Georgian 1700-1720 W .3.22 W D .3.29

W .3.30 Built by 1768 - largely re-built 19th century

.27

.3 W W .21 .3.31 .3 W W .3.26 B A c. 1800 A D W.3 B .32 .25 C B

.17 .3 .2 A C W D D 204 C A A 1892-1893 by C. E. Ponting for H. E. Chapman D D 213 D .2.03 D B B 214 C B .04 A C .2 D.2 D .02 Built by 1920 C .24 W .3 .3.23 D 211 W D .2.18 203 202 .20 D.2 A

.05 .20 212 D .2 .3 .2 C .19 D W 201 D .2.0 B 1 B D .33 A A .3 W C D D C B .2.16 C

D A D A B .2.15 205 210

.06

.2 D .34 .3

W C .3.19 B

D D.2 .07 W A .2.01/02/03 209 D C .2.11 W .3.18 .14 .2 B D B .13 D .2 D A D .2.10 C F 207 D B .2.12 C D .04/05/06/07 A .09 .2 .2 B D W

D W D .3.15/16/17 A .2.0 8 W .3.08/09/10

G 208 C 206

W C .3.14

D A

H W .3.11/12/13

D 0 1 2 3 5m

Archer Humphryes Architects P Joseph Basement K Central House 142 Central Street London, United Kingdom EC1V 8AR T : +44 (0) 20 7251 8555

project title DONHEAD HOUSE

drawing title scale date SECOND FLOOR PLAN 1:50 @A0 27.02.17 drawn checked LP DA drawing number revision AHA/ DSA / EX /102 -

Second floor plan (Archer Humphryes Architects)

70. Part of early-19th century extension, heavily re-modelled in 1892 with 71. Part of early-19th century extension, heavily remodeled in 1892. Two a central atrium octagonal skylight, room 201 (2017), DIA 1892 bolection moulded architraves to rooms 201 and 205 (2017), DIA

59 207 and 208

Part of c.1700s building. This area presumably contained the original first- to-second floor staircase which has been removed, floored over and the space subdivided to form two rooms.

In 207 there are modern cupboards that are of no significance and in 208 there is a modern bathroom with a modern four-panelled door and an 1892 dormer with a timber casement. Both rooms with modern lowered ceilings of no significance.

209

Part of c.1700s building. 1892 hatch opening through the original external wall to the 1892 extension in room 210. Modern six-panelled door to 207. Modern built-in cupboard to the north, inserted in 1969, 1892 dormer to the south and original early-18th century chimneybreast to the west that has been blocked and truncated at the top. Original early-18th century exposed timber rafters and tie beams with carpenters marks. A fire appears to have damaged and soot-blackened some of the beams in the centre of the room and the structure has been supported with a modern beam, visible in the north-west corner [Plate 74]. Sections of original plain skirting on the east and west walls.

210

Part of 1892 extension. All fittings date to 1892 including bolection moulded architrave and five-panelled door, skirting, built-in cupboard to the north and access hatch to the east, the latter through the original external wall of the c.1700s range. 1892 dormer with timber casements to the south.

211

Part of 1892 extension. No door. Bedroom with exposed 1892 roof timbers. All fittings date to 1892 including casement windows to the north south and west. Blocked chimneybreast to the west. Central partition with exposed timber studs and boloection moulded architrave. To the north there is a modern access hatch into the side of the roof with the 1892 hatch retained behind.

To the north-east there is a corridor with 1892 skirting and a modern three-over-three pane sash.

212

Part of the early-19th century extension but heavily re-modelled in 1892 as a corridor to the 1892 extensions. 1892 three panelled door and apparently re-used early-18th century architrave to 213 and 1892 skirting.

213

Part of the early-19th century extension but heavily re-modelled in 1892. 1892 three panelled door and apparently re-used early-18th century architrave. Modern suspended ceiling and modern skirting of no significance. Blocked chimneybreast to the east, early-19th century panelled cupboard in south-east corner [Plate 75]. Early-19 th century four-over-four sash with splayed lining and moulded architrave to the west; 1892 sash inserted to the north-west, also with a splayed lining and moulded architrave.

60 Donald Insall Associates | Donhead House, Donhead St Andrew, Wiltshire SP7 9EB 72. Part of early-19th century extension, heavily remodeled in 1892. Early- 73. Part of c.1700s building, original early-18th century timber roof truss 19th century sash to the north now truncated by a later wall, room 204 with carpenters marks, room 206 (2017), DIA (2017), DIA

74. Part of c.1700s building, original early-18th century timber roof truss, 75. Part of early-19th century extension, heavily remodeled in 1892 but room 209 (2017), DIA with early-19th century panelled corner cupboard, room 213 (2017), DIA

61 214

Part of 1892 extension. Modern six-panelled door and architrave of no significance. Two early-19th century windows otherwise modern bathroom fittings of no significance.

Third Floor

301

Part of early-19th century extension. Accessed via modern stair in 205/206. Early-19th century timber purlin roof truss with late-19th century metal queen post supports, modern skylights.

302

Part of the early-19th century extension but heavily re-modelled in 1892 as a corridor to the 1892 extensions. 1892 metal spiral staircase and glazed ceiling/floor with intricate glazing bar pattern [Plate 76].

62 Donald Insall Associates | Donhead House, Donhead St Andrew, Wiltshire SP7 9EB Copyright: All rights reserved. This drawing must not be reproduced without permission. Only the original drawing should be relied upon. Contractors, subcontractors and suppliers must verify all dimensions on site before commencing any work or making any shop drawings. All shop drawings to be submitted to the architect for comment prior to fabrication.

Do not scale from this drawing. Dimensions are in millimetres unless G otherwise stated.

revision / date / amendments

LEGEND

Proposed Works H

Existing Building Fabric

J Building Fabric to be demolished

B Demolition of Flooring

K Proposed Excavation

Remove and retain in alternate location

G01 m2 ft2 Room Number

D.G.08 Door Number

W.G.42 Window Number

C A B D Wall Number C

BUILDING AGES

Early Georgian 1700-1720

D Built by 1768 - largely re-built 19th century

c. 1800

1892-1893 by C. E. Ponting for H. E. Chapman

Built by 1920

A 302 A D

B C

B C 301

D 0 1 2 3 5m

Archer Humphryes Architects P Joseph Basement K Central House 142 Central Street London, United Kingdom EC1V 8AR T : +44 (0) 20 7251 8555

project title DONHEAD HOUSE

drawing title scale date THIRD FLOOR PLAN 1:50 @A0 27.02.17 drawn checked LP DA drawing number revision AHA/ DSA / EX /103 -

Third floor plan (Archer Humphryes Architects)

76. Part of the early-19th century extension but heavily re- modelled in 1892 as a corridor to the 1892 extensions. 1892 metal spiral staircase and glazed ceiling/floor with intricate glazing bar pattern to room 301 (2017), DIA

63 4.0 Commentary on the Proposals

4.1 Description of the Proposals and their Impact on the Listed Building and Conservation Area

As part of the normal design development process, minor alterations are proposed to the building, which fall into three categories: new proposals which were not part of the earlier consented scheme; slight adjustments to items which have already been approved as part of the earlier consented scheme and the omission of certain proposed alterations which have been consented.

The proposals for which consent is now sought are as follows:

Internal

• Ground floor, Room G17

Minor alterations are proposed to the previously approved openings in this room (to be used as a boot room) which have no impact on the significance of the room and are more respectful of the existing fabric.

• Floor finishes to the ground floor

It is proposed to change the floor finishes to a number of the ground floor rooms. Most of these changes are in areas where there is no historic floor finish at the moment, and the introduction of new stone floors would either be entirely appropriate or would have no impact. Within G01, G02, G03, G04, G05 and G06 (where historic floor surfaces survive and are in good condition and of interest), these will be restored. Within room G08 the historic floor surface does survive but it is in poor and patchy condition and is not of particular interest as it appears to be late 19th century in date. Here it is proposed to lay new timber parquet flooring, which would be of a higher and more uniform quality.

The parquet floor in G26/27 (formerly the billiard room and adjoining inglenook, referred to in the current plans as the Great Room and Snug) is in a very poor condition and has suffered from many years of damp ingress, including a recent and more severe flood. It has been concluded that it is not going to be possible to restore this floor and therefore a new parquet floor is proposed. New parquet floors are also proposed in G25 (labelled on the proposal drawings as G12 the family kitchen), G10 (formerly a drawing room, now a family dining room) and G09 (the back stair compartment).

• Replacement/ relocation of radiators and underfloor heating/ heated cills

As part of the necessary investment into the fabric and services of the building it is proposed to replace and in some cases relocate radiators, and where floors are being taken up and replaced, to provide underfloor heating. The relocated radiators would all be placed such that they have no impact on significant internal features. The build-up of the floor as a result of the

64 Donald Insall Associates | Donhead House, Donhead St Andrew, Wiltshire SP7 9EB installation of underfloor heating is minimal (c. 35-40mm) and would be achieved by notching into the existing joists such that the finished floor level would be the same as existing and there will be no impact on doors, skirtings or panelling.

In addition to the underfloor heating, a number of new underfloor radiators are proposed within the existing floor voids on the ground floor, as shown on the drawings this report accompanies. They will be finished with cast iron grilles, flush to the finished floor, in a Victorian style sympathetic to the character of the house.

Heated window cills are proposed in G12 and G05 with radiators concealed behind the window apron. These are only proposed where the joinery is not historic.

External External

• Roof level dormers

Two new access points onto the roof are proposed. These are level with the existing roof line and will not be visible from the grounds or surrounding viewpoints. They are not full height dormers, but somewhere between a velux rooflight and dormer. They are lead clad to match the ‘character’ of the building’s retained dormers. They do not allow full access to the roof, but allow for ‘maintenance only’ style access. These replace the existing poorly maintained and constructed, non-compliant roof access.

• Inverted dormers kitchen extract/ intake

In order for the kitchen to function, a kitchen extract and intake is required. Considerable thought has been put into the best way of ensuring that this has a minimal impact on the appearance of the building. It is proposed to take the duct internally, through the modern garage area, and to extract at roof level where it would not be visible. The roof slates in this location will have open joints equivalent to approximately 0.130m2 free area as shown on the drawings which this report accompanies. The ducts are 150mm in diameter and would not visible, or heard, from any viewpoints.

• Pizza oven flue

The pizza flue can be see from some elevations, as it is exposed rather then hidden within an inverted dormer. Careful consideration has been given its placement within the overall composition of the elevations, and its specification it terms of noise, colour and function. It will have a minimal visual impact, principally from the garage court of the house.

• Bathrooms/ WCs extracts

At present there is either no or inadequate venting / extracting from bathrooms and WCs. The new extract locations and their termini are shown on the drawings which this report accompanies. Any wall mounted grilles would be decorative cast iron 300mm x150mm in keeping with the existing character of the grilles found around the property. In the second floor Bedrooms wood burning stoves require extracts, and most locations would be concealed below the roof line; however two would still be visible. This is not considered to be harmful to the building’s character, and in the majority of cases it is proposed to re-use existing service routes.

65 The house has been poorly serviced for many years and all existing, and now redundant, services routes will be stripped away which is a benefit of the proposals.

• Revised Basement layout

As per our recent pre-application consultation, a small area of new basement in proposed in the north-west courtyard. This allows the existing basements to be used for more suitable purposes (storage, larder and laundry), rather than attempting to re-purpose a poorly suited technical plant area for these uses. A new set of steps is also proposed, replacing the existing non- compliant and hazardous ones. In addition to this, a small services trench (carefully positioned to avoid the retained hallway flooring) would be dug to join the services of the existing and proposed basements. This proposal has no impact on the significance of the listed building.

The alterations which are set out in this report and the documents which it accompanies have been carefully conceived to ensure that the significance of the building is the driver behind the proposed changes. The proposals have been designed so that they do not compromise the importance of the building and its setting, and seek to ensure the continued viable use of the house for the future. In our view these alterations should be seen as the next phase in the re-imagining of the building, and indeed this is something which has already happened several times over the course of the centuries. The early 18th century saw the old house swept away in favour of polite Georgian gentility; the early 19th century saw fashion add bays and bows; the late 19th century was perhaps more heavy handed and re-imagined the house as a medieval, Baronial hall – an aesthetic which appears not to have been inspired by what was found at Donhead, but by a notion of ‘Old England’ which may – probably – never existed here. The 1960s were characteristically charmless and saw the building rather as square footage to be occupied. It is intended that the next chapter will be informed and inspired by this thorough understanding of the history and development of the house, and that it will contribute to the overall significance of the house as well as providing it with both investment and a use to last another generation.

4.2 Benefits

The benefits of the scheme remain broadly as they were in the original application, namely:

• Reinstatement of original layout and features; • Repair of the house to a high standard to secure its use and performance as a family home for the coming years, including repairs to the roof, guttering, cellars, locating sources of damp ingress, stonework and replacement of the heating system and long-term investment in the maintenance of the building; • Refurbishment and restoration of the areas which have yet to be restored; • Repairs to the billiard room, which is currently in a poor and deteriorating condition; • Dismantling the staircase from its current position, uncomfortably close to the southern entrance, and relocating it further back into the stair compartment, in what we assume was its original location in the early 18th century;

66 Donald Insall Associates | Donhead House, Donhead St Andrew, Wiltshire SP7 9EB • Provision of a large family and kitchen and adjoining dining room suitable for modern family living; • Alterations to improve the rear elevation of the building and to provide an appropriate and logical link to the billiard room and the to western terrace/ outdoor dining area • Allowing the house to continue to function in its ‘optimum viable use’.

4.3 Conclusion

It is the conclusion of this report the proposals cause no harm to the significance of the listed building, and do not come into conflict with either the Act or any local or nation policies. Therefore paragraphs 132 and 134 of the NPPF are not engaged.

The NPPG which accompanies the NPPF makes is clear that ‘heritage benefit’ are a form of public benefit in and of themselves. Notwithstanding the fact that no harm is caused, this report has identified that there are a number of heritage (and therefore public) benefits which would accrue from this proposal, and these are listed above. The alterations proposed are the minimum necessary to achieve the public benefits offered by the scheme, including securing the building’s optimum viable use.

In our view the proposals should be welcomed as being thoughtful, sensitive and resulting in a scheme of investment which would be most beneficial to the listed building.

67 Appendix I - Statutory List Descriptions

Donhead House

Grade: II

Date first listed: 6 July 1987

List Entry:

Rectory, now training centre for Brewers’ Society. Early C18, altered 1892 for Horace Chapman, probably by C.E. Ponting, and enlarged early C20, for James Pender.

Exterior: Dressed limestone, tiled roof, ashlar stacks with moulded cappings. L-plan C18 house with additions to north and east. Two-storey, 5-windowed C18 south-west front has late C19 glazed door in projecting centre bay with Gibbs surround and flat stone hood on consoles, either side is early C20 canted bay with plate glass sashes, first floor has two 12- pane sashes in moulded architraves with keystones either side of central round-arched sash with keystone and imposts to shouldered architrave, open pediment over, wooden cornice with rosettes, chanelled rusticated quoins, attic has three early C20 dormers with casements. Coped verges to roof. Attached to left is late C19 range in similar style with 2-storey canted bay and sashes, French windows with large shell hood, gabled attic to left. Right return has external stack and blocked sashes, 1890s three-storey porch in Elizabethan style with round-arched doorway and mullioned windows, square bay to right with mullioned and transomed windows, first floor has two 12-pane sashes, cast-iron rainwater heads dated HC/1892. Left return of 1890s range has sashes in moulded architraves, large stack with carved panel inscribed HC and AM, attached to left is early C20 billiard room with loggia on south sides. Rear 2-storey service wing with sashes, 1890s additions.

Interior: Some original C18 fittings including full fielded panelling and door with 6 fielded panels and dentilled ceiling cornice in south east drawing room. Dining room has reset C16 moulded cross-beams with rosettes and, cusped decoration, reset C17 panelling in corridors and 1890s range. 1890s open well stairs top-lit by glazed lantern. House ceased to be rectory in 1891 when Horace Chapman converted to private residence and built a new rectory, Beauchamp House (q.v.) further up the hill. Anthony Eden lived here for a year following the Suez Crisis of 1956.

68 Donald Insall Associates | Donhead House, Donhead St Andrew, Wiltshire SP7 9EB Listed buildings located within the setting of Donhead House include:

Church of St Andrew

Grade: II*

Date first listed: 6 January 1966

List Entry:

Anglican parish church. C12, C14 and C15, south aisle restored 1826, tower restored 1893, general restorations 1838 and 1875.

Dressed limestone, tiled roofs. Plan: nave with north and south aisles, south porch, west tower, chancel and north vestry. Gabled porch, probably C14, has diagonal buttresses, moulded pointed doorway with hoodmould. South aisle is C15 with 4-light square- headed windows with ogee lights and hoodmoulds, diagonal buttresses to sides and string course to battlemented parapet, east window is 3-light pointed with hoodmould. Nave clerestory has three C19 two- light square-headed windows, south side of nave to right of aisle has tall C19 two-light pointed window. Chancel has 2-light square- headed Perpendicular window to south and north sides, 5-light Perpendicular window with hoodmould to east, diagonal buttresses and battlemented parapet with saddleback coping. Flat- roofed vestry has pointed east doorway and-2-light windows to north, battlemented parapet. North aisle has two 3-light square-headed restored C15 windows with hoodmoulds, battlemented parapet, nave clerestory has three windows as south side. West ends of aisles have C19 four-light Perpendicular windows. Three-stage west tower has diagonal buttresses, string courses and polygonal stair turret attached to north side, double- chamfered pointed west doorway with 3-light Perpendicular windows over, second stage has 2-light mullioned window, bellstage has 2-light square-headed louvred windows, moulded string course with gargoyles to battlemented parapet with broken corner pinnacles.

Interior: porch has medieval floor tiles with star motif, collar- rafter roof, double cyma-moulded Perpendicular doorway with C19 door. Nave has C19 4½-bay queen-post roof with cusping and arch- braced collars to half-bays, 3-bay aisle C15 arcades with double cyma-moulded arches on cavetto-moulded piers with attached shafts, western responds with carved heads and angels holding shield of Instruments of the Passion, the south one restored. C15 cyma- moulded tower arch on C19 responds, north wall of tower contains reset fragments of C14 and C15 tracery, chamfered pointed doorway to stairs. C15 cyma-moulded chancel arch on attached shafts, chancel has C19 three-bay hammer beam roof, C19 tiled floor by Godwin. North vestry probably on site of former chapel is reached from chancel through C12 round-arched opening, C19 arch from north aisle with blocked pointed archway to right to former rood loft, vestry contains arched aumbry. Fittings: C19 pews, limestone cylindrical font and octagonal panelled wooden pulpit, wrought-iron and brass candelabras, 1850s stained glass in chancel by W. Wailes, east window of south aisle is c1890. Wall tablets include baroque stone and marble tablet with composite columns and segmental pediment with cartouche to John Gummage died 1690 and a classical marble with skull to Matthew Bowles died 1737 in north aisle. Marble in south aisle with Ionic pilasters to Richard Fezzard died 1713, large marble to John Cooke, Captain of HMS Bellepheron, killed at Trafalgar in 1805. Bells include two of 1425 and 1713. (N. Pevsner, The Buildings of England; Wiltshire, 1975; Building News, 1857, 331.)

Listing NGR: ST9145624839

69 Pender Monument in the Churchyard, about 10 Meters South of the Church of St Andrew

Grade: II

Date first listed: 6 July 1987

Chest tomb. Sir James Pender died 1921. Yellow limestone, formerly in railed enclosure. Large Edwardian Baroque monument on wide plinth, convex sides with inscription cartouches end panels, with high relief carved cartouche of arms, enriched diagonal volutes to foliage carved cornice of wide flat top. James Pender lived at Donhead House (q.v.) and was M.P. for Mid-Northants 1895- 1900.

Listing NGR: ST9146824831

70 Donald Insall Associates | Donhead House, Donhead St Andrew, Wiltshire SP7 9EB Appendix II - Planning Policy and Guidance

Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990

The Act is legislative basis for decision making on applications that relate to the historic environment.

Sections 66 and 72 of the Act impose a statutory duty upon local planning authorities to consider the impact of proposals upon listed buildings and conservation areas.

Section 66 of the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 states that:

in considering whether to grant permission for development which affects a listed building or its setting, the local planning authority, or as the case may be the Secretary of State shall have special regard to the desirability of pre––serving the building or its setting or any features of special architectural or historic interest which it possesses.

Similarly, section 72(I) of the above Act states that:

… with respect to any buildings or other land in a conservation area, special attention shall be paid to the desirability of preserving or enhancing the character or appearance of a conservation area.

National Planning Policy Framework

Any proposals for consent relating to heritage assets are subject to the policies of the NPPF (2012). This sets out the Government’s planning policies for England and how these are expected to be applied. With regard to ‘Conserving and enhancing the historic environment’, the framework requires proposals relating to heritage assets to be justified and an explanation of their effect on the heritage asset’s significance provided.

The NPPF has the following relevant policies for proposals such as this:

14. At the heart of the National Planning Policy Framework is a presumption in favour of sustainable development, which should be seen as a golden thread running through both plan- making and decision-taking.

The NPPF sets out twelve core planning principles that should underpin decision making (paragraph 17). Amongst those are that planning should: • not simply be about scrutiny, but instead be a creative exercise in finding ways to enhance and improve the places in which people live their lives; • proactively drive and support sustainable economic development to deliver the homes, business and industrial units, infrastructure and thriving local places that the country needs. Every effort should be made objectively to identify and then meet the housing, business and other development needs of an area, and respond positively to wider opportunities for growth. Plans should take account of market signals, such as land prices and

71 housing affordability, and set out a clear strategy for allocating sufficient land which is suitable for development in their area, taking account of the needs of the residential and business communities; • always seek to secure high quality design and a good standard of amenity for all existing and future occupants of land and buildings; • support the transition to a low carbon future in a changing climate, taking full account of flood risk and coastal change, and encourage the reuse of existing resources, including conversion of existing buildings, and encourage the use of renewable resources (for example, by the development of renewable energy); • conserve heritage assets in a manner appropriate to their significance, so that they can be enjoyed for their contribution to the quality of life of this and future generations;

With regard to the significance of a heritage asset, the framework contains the following policies:

129. Local planning authorities should identify and assess the particular significance of any heritage asset that may be affected by a proposal taking account of the available evidence and any necessary expertise. They should take this assessment into account when considering the impact of a proposal on a heritage asset, to avoid or minimise conflict between the heritage asset’s conservation and any aspect of the proposal.

In determining applications local planning authorities are required to take account of significance, viability, sustainability and local character and distinctiveness. Paragraph 131 of the NPPF identifies the following criteria in relation to this: • the desirability of sustaining and enhancing the significance of heritage assets and putting them to viable uses consistent with their conservation; • the positive contribution that conservation of heritage assets can make to sustainable communities including their economic vitality; and • the desirability of new development making a positive contribution to local character and distinctiveness.

With regard to potential ‘harm’ to the significance designated heritage asset, in paragraph 132 the framework states the following:

…great weight should be given to the asset’s conservation. The more important the asset, the greater the weight should be. Significance can be harmed or lost through alteration or destruction of the heritage asset or development within its setting. As heritage assets are irreplaceable, any harm or loss should require clear and convincing justification.

Where a proposed development will lead to ‘substantial harm’ to or total loss of significance of a designated heritage asset paragraph 133 of the NPPF states that:

72 Donald Insall Associates | Donhead House, Donhead St Andrew, Wiltshire SP7 9EB • the nature of the heritage asset prevents all reasonable uses of the site; and • no viable use of the heritage asset itself can be found in the medium term through appropriate marketing that will enable its conservation; and • conservation by grant-funding or some form of charitable or public ownership is demonstrably not possible; and • the harm or loss is outweighed by the benefit of bringing the site back into use.

With regard to ‘less than substantial harm’ to the significance of a designated heritage asset, of the NPPF states the following;

134. Where a development proposal will lead to less than substantial harm to the significance of a designated heritage asset, this harm should be weighed against the public benefits of the proposal, including securing its optimum viable use.

In relation to the consideration of applications for development affecting the setting of a designated heritage asset, paragraph 137 of the document states the following:

Proposals that preserve those elements of the setting that make a positive contribution to or better reveal the significance of the asset should be treated favourably.

With regards to the loss of a building (or other element) which makes a positive contribution to a Conservation Area, paragraph 138 states this should be treated:

…As substantial harm under paragraph 133 or less than substantial harm under paragraph 134, as appropriate, taking into account the relative significance of the element affected and its contribution to the significance of the Conservation Area…as a whole.

National Planning Practice Guidance

The planning practice guidance was published on the 6th March 2014 to support the National Planning Policy Framework and the planning system. It includes particular guidance on matters relating to protecting the historic environment in the section: Conserving and Enhancing the Historic Environment. The relevant guidance is as follows:

Paragraph 3: What is meant by the conservation and enhancement of the historic environment?

The conservation of heritage assets in a manner appropriate to their significance is a core planning principle. Heritage assets are an irreplaceable resource and effective conservation delivers wider social, cultural, economic and environmental benefits.

Conservation is an active process of maintenance and managing change. It requires a flexible and thoughtful approach to get the best out of assets as diverse as listed buildings in everyday use to as yet undiscovered, undesignated buried remains of archaeological interest.

73 In the case of buildings, generally the risks of neglect and decay of heritage assets are best addressed through ensuring that they remain in active use that is consistent with their conservation. Ensuring such heritage assets remain used and valued is likely to require sympathetic changes to be made from time to time. In the case of archaeological sites, many have no active use, and so for those kinds of sites, periodic changes may not be necessary.

Where changes are proposed, the National Planning Policy Framework sets out a clear framework for both plan-making and decision-taking to ensure that heritage assets are conserved, and where appropriate enhanced, in a manner that is consistent with their significance and thereby achieving sustainable development.

Part of the public value of heritage assets is the contribution that they can make to understanding and interpreting our past. So where the complete or partial loss of a heritage asset is justified, the aim then is to capture and record the evidence of the asset’s significance which is to be lost, interpret its contribution to the understanding of our past, and make that publicly available.

Paragraph 7 states:

There are three dimensions to sustainable development: economic, social and environmental. These dimensions give rise to the need for the planning system to perform a number of roles: • an economic role – contributing to building a strong, responsive and competitive economy, by ensuring that sufficient land of the right type is available in the right places and at the right time to support growth and innovation; and by identifying and coordinating development requirements, including the provision of infrastructure; • a social role – supporting strong, vibrant and healthy communities, by providing the supply of housing required to meet the needs of present and future generations; and by creating a high quality built environment, with accessible local services that reflect the community’s needs and support its health, social and cultural well-being; and an environmental role – contributing to protecting and enhancing our natural, built and historic environment; and, as part of this, helping to improve biodiversity, use natural resources prudently, minimise waste and pollution, and mitigate and adapt to climate change including moving to a low carbon economy.

Paragraph 8: What is “significance”?

“Significance” in terms of heritage policy is defined in the Glossary of the National Planning Policy Framework.

In legislation and designation criteria, the terms ‘special architectural or historic interest’ of a listed building and the ‘national importance’ of a scheduled monument are used to describe all or part of the identified heritage asset’s significance. Some of the more recent designation records are more helpful as they contain a fuller, although not exhaustive, explanation of the significance of the asset.

74 Donald Insall Associates | Donhead House, Donhead St Andrew, Wiltshire SP7 9EB Paragraph 9: Why is ‘significance’ important in decision- taking?

Heritage assets may be affected by direct physical change or by change in their setting. Being able to properly assess the nature, extent and importance of the significance of a heritage asset, and the contribution of its setting, is very important to understanding the potential impact and acceptability of development proposals

Paragraph 13: What is the setting of a heritage asset and how should it be taken into account?

The “setting of a heritage asset” is defined in the Glossary of the National Planning Policy Framework.

A thorough assessment of the impact on setting needs to take into account, and be proportionate to, the significance of the heritage asset under consideration and the degree to which proposed changes enhance or detract from that significance and the ability to appreciate it.

Setting is the surroundings in which an asset is experienced, and may therefore be more extensive than its curtilage. All heritage assets have a setting, irrespective of the form in which they survive and whether they are designated or not.

The extent and importance of setting is often expressed by reference to visual considerations. Although views of or from an asset will play an important part, the way in which we experience an asset in its setting is also influenced by other environmental factors such as noise, dust and vibration from other land uses in the vicinity, and by our understanding of the historic relationship between places. For example, buildings that are in close proximity but are not visible from each other may have a historic or aesthetic connection that amplifies the experience of the significance of each.

The contribution that setting makes to the significance of the heritage asset does not depend on there being public rights or an ability to access or experience that setting. This will vary over time and according to circumstance.

When assessing any application for development which may affect the setting of a heritage asset, local planning authorities may need to consider the implications of cumulative change. They may also need to consider the fact that developments which materially detract from the asset’s significance may also damage its economic viability now, or in the future, thereby threatening its ongoing conservation.

Paragraph 15: What is a viable use for a heritage asset and how is it taken into account in planning decisions?

The vast majority of heritage assets are in private hands. Thus, sustaining heritage assets in the long term often requires an incentive for their active conservation. Putting heritage assets to a viable use is likely to lead to the investment in their maintenance necessary for their long-term conservation.

By their nature, some heritage assets have limited or even no economic end use. A scheduled monument in a rural area may preclude any use of the land other than as a pasture, whereas a listed building may potentially have a variety of alternative uses such as residential, commercial and leisure.

75 In a small number of cases a heritage asset may be capable of active use in theory but be so important and sensitive to change that alterations to accommodate a viable use would lead to an unacceptable loss of significance.

It is important that any use is viable, not just for the owner, but also the future conservation of the asset. It is obviously desirable to avoid successive harmful changes carried out in the interests of repeated speculative and failed uses.

If there is only one viable use, that use is the optimum viable use. If there is a range of alternative viable uses, the optimum use is the one likely to cause the least harm to the significance of the asset, not just through necessary initial changes, but also as a result of subsequent wear and tear and likely future changes.

The optimum viable use may not necessarily be the most profitable one. It might be the original use, but that may no longer be economically viable or even the most compatible with the long-term conservation of the asset. However, if from a conservation point of view there is no real difference between viable uses, then the choice of use is a decision for the owner.

Harmful development may sometimes be justified in the interests of realising the optimum viable use of an asset, notwithstanding the loss of significance caused provided the harm is minimised. The policy in addressing substantial and less than substantial harm is set out in paragraphs 132 – 134 of the National Planning Policy Framework.

Paragraph 20: What is meant by the term public benefits?

Public benefits may follow from many developments and could be anything that delivers economic, social or environmental progress as described in the National Planning Policy Framework (Paragraph 7). Public benefits should flow from the proposed development. They should be of a nature or scale to be of benefit to the public at large and should not just be a private benefit. However, benefits do not always have to be visible or accessible to the public in order to be genuine public benefits.

Public benefits may include heritage benefits, such as: • sustaining or enhancing the significance of a heritage asset and the contribution of its setting • reducing or removing risks to a heritage asset • securing the optimum viable use of a heritage asset

76 Donald Insall Associates | Donhead House, Donhead St Andrew, Wiltshire SP7 9EB Historic England: Historic Environment Good Practice Advice in Planning (March 2015)

The purpose of the Good Practice Advice note is to provide information on good practice to assist in implementing historic environment policy in the National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) and the relate guidance given in the National Planning Practice Guide (NPPG).

Note 2 ‘Managing Significance in Decision-Taking’

The Assessment of Significance as part of the Application Process

Paragraph 7 emphasises the need to properly assess the nature, extent and importance of the significance of a heritage asset and the contribution of its setting early in the process, in order to form a successful development, and in order for the local planning authority to make decisions in line with legal objectives and the objectives of the development plan and the policy requirements of the NPPF.25

8. Understanding the nature of the significance is important to understanding the need for and best means of conservation. For example, a modern building of high architectural interest will have quite different sensitivities from an archaeological site where the interest arises from the possibility of gaining new understanding of the past.

9. Understanding the extent of that significance is also important because this can, among other things, lead to a better understanding of how adaptable the asset may be and therefore improve viability and the prospects for long term conservation.

10. Understanding the level of significance is important as it provides the essential guide to how the policies should be applied. This is intrinsic to decision-taking where there is unavoidable conflict with other planning objectives.

11. To accord with the NPPF, an applicant will need to undertake an assessment of significance to inform the application process to an extent necessary to understand the potential impact (positive or negative) of the proposal and to a level of thoroughness proportionate to the relative importance of the asset whose fabric or setting is affected.

Historic England: Conservation Principles and Assessment (2008)

Conservation Principles (2008) explores, on a more philosophical level, the reason why society places a value on heritage assets beyond their mere utility. It identifies four types of heritage value that an asset may hold: aesthetic, communal, historic and evidential value. This is simply another way of analysing its significance. These values can help shape the most efficient and effective way of managing the heritage asset so as to sustain its overall value to society.26

Cumulative Impact

28 The cumulative impact of incremental small-scale changes may have as great an effect on the significance of a heritage asset as a larger scale change. Where the significance of a heritage asset has been compromised in the past by unsympathetic development to the asset itself or its setting, consideration still needs to be given to whether additional change will further detract from, or can enhance, the significance of the asset in

77 order to accord with NPPF policies. Negative change could include severing the last link to part of the history of an asset or between the asset and its original setting. Conversely, positive change could include the restoration of a building’s plan form or an original designed landscape.

Listed Building Consent Regime

29. Change to heritage assets is inevitable but it is only harmful when significance is damaged. The nature and importance of the significance that is affected will dictate the proportionate response to assessing that change, its justification, mitigation and any recording which may be needed if it is to go ahead. In the case of listed buildings, the need for owners to receive listed building consent in advance of works which affect special interest is a simple mechanism but it is not always clear which kinds of works would require consent. In certain circumstances there are alternative means of granting listed building consent under the Enterprise & Regulatory Reform Act 2013.

Opportunities to Enhance Assets, their Settings and Local Distinctiveness

52. Sustainable development can involve seeking positive improvements in the quality of the historic environment. There will not always be opportunities to enhance the significance or improve a heritage asset but the larger the asset the more likely there will be. Most conservation areas, for example, will have sites within them that could add to the character and value of the area through development, while listed buildings may often have extensions or other alterations that have a negative impact on the significance. Similarly, the setting of all heritage assets will frequently have elements that detract from the significance of the asset or hamper its appreciation.

Design and Local Distinctiveness

53. Both the NPPF (section 7) and PPG (section ID26) contain detail on why good design is important and how it can be achieved. In terms of the historic environment, some or all of the following factors may influence what will make the scale, height, massing, alignment, materials and proposed use of new development successful in its context: • The history of the place • The relationship of the proposal to its specific site • The significance of nearby assets and the contribution of their setting, recognising that this is a dynamic concept • The general character and distinctiveness of the area in its widest sense, including the general character of local buildings, spaces, public realm and the landscape, the grain of the surroundings, which includes, for example the street pattern and plot size • The size and density of the proposal related to that of the existing and neighbouring uses • Landmarks and other built or landscape features which are key to a sense of place • The diversity or uniformity in style, construction, materials, colour, detailing, decoration and period of existing buildings and spaces

78 Donald Insall Associates | Donhead House, Donhead St Andrew, Wiltshire SP7 9EB • The topography • Views into, through and from the site and its surroundings • Landscape design • The current and historic uses in the area and the urban grain • The quality of the materials

Note 3 ‘The Setting of Heritage Assets’

This note provides guidance on the setting of heritage assets, which is separate to issues of curtilage, character or context.

The Extent of Setting

4. The setting of a heritage asset is the surroundings in which a heritage asset is experienced. Its extent is not fixed and may change as the asset and its surroundings evolve. Elements of a setting may make a positive or negative contribution to the significance of an asset.

The setting of a heritage asset may reflect the character of the wider townscape or landscape in which it is situated, or be quite distinct from it. Extensive heritage assets can include many heritage assets and their nested and overlapping settings, as well as having a setting of their own. I.e. A conservation area will include the settings of listed buildings and have its own setting.

Views and Setting

5. The contribution to the setting of a heritage asset can be expressed through a wide variety of views.

6. Views which contribute more to understanding the significance of the heritage asset include: • those where relationships between the asset and other historic assets or places or natural features are particularly relevant; • those with historical associations, including viewing points and the topography of battlefields; • those where the composition within the view was a fundamental aspect of the design or function of the heritage asset; and • those between heritage assets and natural or topographic features, or phenomena such as solar and lunar events.

Even if recent unsympathetic development has affected the setting or views of a heritage asset, consideration will still be given to whether developments would further detract or enhance the significance of the asset.

Setting and the Significance of Heritage Assets

9. Setting is not a heritage asset, nor a heritage designation, though land within a setting may itself be designated. Its importance lies in what it contributes to the significance of the heritage asset, which may vary from asset to asset….Therefore, implications of development affecting the setting of heritage assets should be considered on a case-by-case basis.

79 Setting and urban design

The numbers and proximity of heritage assets in urban areas mean that the protection and enhancement of setting is intimately linked to townscape and urban design considerations, and often relate to townscape attributes such as lighting, trees, and verges, or the treatments of boundaries or street surfaces.

Setting and economic and social viability

Sustainable development under the NPPF can have important positive impacts on heritage and their settings, for example by bringing an abandoned building back into use or giving a heritage asset further life. However, the economic and social viability of a heritage asset can be diminished if accessibility from or to its setting is reduced by badly designed or insensitively located development.

A staged approach to proportionate decision-taking

10. Protection of the setting of heritage assets need not prevent change; indeed change may be positive, for instance where the setting has been compromised by poor development.

80 Donald Insall Associates | Donhead House, Donhead St Andrew, Wiltshire SP7 9EB Wiltshire Local Policy

The following policies from Wiltshire Core Strategy (2014) are relevant to the proposals referred to in this report:

Core Policy 57 Ensuring high quality design and place shaping

A high standard of design is required in all new developments, including extensions, alterations, and changes of use of existing buildings. Development is expected to create a strong sense of place through drawing on the local context and being complementary to the locality. Applications for new development must be accompanied by appropriate information to demonstrate how the proposal will make a positive contribution to the character of Wiltshire through: i. enhancing local distinctiveness by responding to the value of the natural and historic environment, relating positively to its landscape setting and the existing pattern of development and responding to local topography by ensuring that important views into, within and out of the site are to be retained and enhanced ii. the retention and enhancement of existing important landscaping and natural features, (e.g. trees, hedges, banks and watercourses), in order to take opportunities to enhance biodiversity, create wildlife and recreational corridors, effectively integrate the development into its setting and to justify and mitigate against any losses that may occur through the development iii. responding positively to the existing townscape and landscape features in terms of building layouts, built form, height, mass, scale, building line, plot size, elevational design, materials, streetscape and roofl ines to effectively integrate the building into its setting iv. being sympathetic to and conserving historic buildings and historic landscapes v. the maximisation of opportunities for sustainable construction techniques, use of renewable energy sources and ensuring buildings and spaces are orientated to gain maximum benefit from sunlight and passive solar energy, in accordance with Core Policy 41 (Sustainable Construction and Low Carbon Energy) vi. making effi cient use of land whilst taking account of the characteristics of the site and the local context to deliver an appropriate development which relates effectively to the immediate setting and to the wider character of the area vii. having regard to the compatibility of adjoining buildings and uses, the impact on the amenities of existing occupants, and ensuring that appropriate levels of amenity are achievable within the development itself, including the consideration of privacy, overshadowing, vibration, and pollution (e.g. light intrusion, noise, smoke, fumes, effl uent, waste or litter) viii. incorporating measures to reduce any actual or perceived opportunities for crime or antisocial behaviour on the site and in the surrounding area through the creation of visually attractive frontages that have windows and doors located to assist in the informal surveillance of public and shared areas by occupants of the site

81 ix. ensuring that the public realm, including new roads and other rights of way, are designed to create places of character which are legible, safe and accessible in accordance with Core Policy 66 (Strategic Transport Network) x. the sensitive design of advertisements and signage, which are appropriate and sympathetic to their local setting by means of scale, design, lighting and materials xi. taking account of the needs of potential occupants, through planning for diversity and adaptability, and considering how buildings and space will be used in the immediate and long term future xii. the use of high standards of building materials, finishes and landscaping, including the provision of street furniture and the integration of art and design in the public realm xii. the case of major developments, ensuring they are accompanied by a detailed design statement and masterplan, which is based on an analysis of the local context and assessment of constraints and opportunities of the site and is informed by a development concept, including clearly stated design principles, which will underpin the character of the new place xiii. meeting the requirements of Core Policy 61 (Transport and New Development).

Core Policy 58 Ensuring the conservation of the historic environment

Development should protect, conserve and where possible enhance the historic environment. Designated heritage assets and their settings will be conserved, and where appropriate enhanced in a manner appropriate to their signifi cance, including: i. nationally signifi cant archaeological remains ii. World Heritage Sites within and adjacent to Wiltshire iii. buildings and structures of special architectural or historic interest iv. the special character or appearance of conservation areas v. historic parks and gardens vi. important landscapes, including registered battlefi elds and townscapes. Distinctive elements of Wiltshire’s historic environment, including non-designated heritage assets, which contribute to a sense of local character and identity will be conserved, and where possible enhanced. The potential contribution of these heritage assets towards wider social, cultural, economic and environmental benefi ts will also be utilised where this can be delivered in a sensitive and appropriate manner in accordance with Core Policy 57 (Ensuring High Quality Design and Place Shaping).

Heritage assets at risk will be monitored and development proposals that improve their condition will be encouraged. The advice of statutory and local consultees will be sought in consideration of such applications.

82 Donald Insall Associates | Donhead House, Donhead St Andrew, Wiltshire SP7 9EB Appendix III - List of Plates and Endnotes

List of Plates

1. Ground Floor Plan of Donhead House showing phases of the buildings construction (Archer Humphryes Architects)

2. First Floor Plan of Donhead House showing phases of the buildings construction (Archer Humphryes Architects)

3. Andrew and Dury, Map of Wiltshire (1773), Wiltshire and Swindon History Centre

4. Tithe Map (1841), Wiltshire and Swindon History Centre

5. Ordnance Survey Map, 1:2500 (1887), Promap

6. George Ingman, Map of plots in Donhead St Andrew showing Donhead House and outbuildings outlined in red (1768), Wiltshire and Swindon History Centre

7. Detail of Tithe Map showing Donhead House and outbuildings outlined in red (1841), Wiltshire and Swindon History Centre

8. Detail of 1887 Ordnance Survey Map showing Donhead House and outbuildings outlined in red, Promap

9. Detail of 1901 Ordnance Survey Map showing Donhead House and outbuildings outlined in red, Promap

10. The Lounge Hall, Sale Catalogue for Donhead House (1952), Wiltshire and Swindon History Centre

11. Stained glass panel depicting the Virgin Mary in room G03 (2017), DIA

12. Stained glass panel depicting heraldic crest in room G03 (2017), DIA

13. Inner Hall, Sale Catalogue for Donhead House (1952), Wiltshire and Swindon History Centre

14. The Drawing Room, Sale Catalogue for Donhead House (1952), Wiltshire and Swindon History Centre

15. Detail of 1925 Ordnance Survey Map showing Donhead House and outbuildings outlined in red, Promap

16. Ground Floor Plan of Donhead House (1948), Wiltshire and Swindon History Centre

17. First Floor Plan of Donhead House (1948), Wiltshire and Swindon History Centre

18. South Elevation Donhead House, Sale Catalogue for Donhead House (1952), Wiltshire and Swindon History Centre

19. Ground Floor Plan of Donhead House showing late-20th century alterations (1966-68), Wiltshire and Swindon History Centre

20. Ground Floor Plan of Donhead House showing late-20th century alterations (1969), Wiltshire and Swindon History Centre

83 21. First Floor Plan of Donhead House showing late-20th century alterations (1969), Wiltshire and Swindon History Centre

22. Second Floor Plan of Donhead House showing late-20th century alterations (1969), Wiltshire and Swindon History Centre

23. Basement Plan of Donhead House showing late-20th century alterations (1969), Wiltshire and Swindon History Centre

24. Front or south elevation of Donhead House (2017), DIA

25. Southern entrance porch with Latin inscription (2017), DIA

26. Rear elevation of the 1892 northern service wing extension with modern garage doors at ground floor level (2017), DIA

27. Rear elevation with early-18th century entrance porch relocated from the south elevation of the c.1700s building to the 1892 service extension (2017), DIA

28. Rear elevation showing the 1892 northern service extension on the left, the early-19th century extension in the centre and the 1892 western extensions to the right (2017), DIA

29. Rear elevation of the 1892 western extensions and billiards room (2017), DIA

30. East elevation showing c.1700s building on the left, the 1892 porch extension in the centre and the early-19th century extension to the right (2017), DIA

31. Detail of hopper head showing the date of the construction of the porch, 1892, and the patrons initals, H.C for Horace Chapman (2017), DIA

32. 1892 eastern entrance porch (2017), DIA

33. West elevation of the 1892 extension (2017), DIA

34. West elevation of the 1892 billiards room (2017), DIA

35. Roof over the early-19th century extension (2017), DIA

36. Original early-18th century timber plank door with original strap hinge at the bottom and late-19th replacement strap hinge at the top, room B03 (2017), DIA

37. Part of the c.1700s building, presumably the former kitchen, room B04 (2017), DIA

38. Original early-18th century stone and brick wall to the west of B04 (2017), DIA

39. Presumably re-used 16th century timber beams in room B04, now largely concealed behind modern plasterboard (2017), DIA

40. Original early-18th century timber floor joists in room B04 showing lath and plaster marks (2017), DIA

41. Part of c.1700s building, original early-18th century brick wine vault in room B05 (2017), DIA

42. 1892 timber-carved entrance doors in room G01 (2017), DIA

43. Neo-Elizabethan entrance hall created in 1892 with re-used 16th century timber beams, room G03 (2017), DIA

44. 1892 stone chimneypiece and hearth in room G03 (2017), DIA

84 Donald Insall Associates | Donhead House, Donhead St Andrew, Wiltshire SP7 9EB 45. Part of the c.1700s building, full height timber panelling either early-18 th century in date or good quality historicist work of 1892, room G04 (2017), DIA

47. Early-18 th century extension reassembled in 1892 together with three new treads at the bottom, balusters re-set onto new plinths and a new balustrade, room G06 (2017), DIA

48. Detail of the early-19th century staircase with the original risers now sitting off the tread ends below (2017), DIA

49. 1892 bolection moulded chimneypiece in room G08 (2017), DIA

50. Part of the 1892 extension, all fittings date to 1892 including the plain chimneypiece (2017), DIA

51. 1892 secondary staircase in room G11 with splat balusters and ball-finial newel posts (2017), DIA

52. Marked on the historic maps as built by 1768 but appears to have been substantially rebuilt in 1892. Former servants’ kitchen, generally all modern fixtures and fittings aside from stone chimneypiece to the south (2017), DIA

53. Part of 1892 extension with original stone rear wall of the early- 19th century extension to the left with a modern window, room G18 (2017), DIA

54. Part of 1892 extension with original stone rear wall of the early- 19th century extension to the right with an original sash window, room G19 (2017), DIA

55. Part of 1892 extension with fluted pilasters in room G21 (2017), DIA

56. Part of 1892 extension, corridor to billiards room with original glazed roof (now boarded over) with metal roof truss, room G23(2017), DIA

57. Part of 1892 extension with timber-panelled walls and ceiling, modern kitchen fittings of no significance, room G25 (2017), DIA

58. 1892 chimneypiece in room G25 with egg and dart cornice and stone hearth (2017), DIA

59. Part of 1892 extension, billiards room with stone mullion and transom windows and parquet flooring, room G26 (2017), DIA

60. 1892 timber chimneypiece with Corinthian pilasters in room G26 (2017), DIA

61. Early-20th century extension to the 1892 billiards room with a stone chimneypiece and glazed-tile fireback, room G27 (2017), DIA

62. 1892 timber chimneypiece in room 106, which is in the c.1700s building (2017), DIA

63. Early-19 th century sash with panelled shutters and linings in room 106 (2017), DIA

85 64. Part of c.1700s building, original stairwell. Original early-18th century egg and dart and acanthus leaf cornice. The staircase appears to have been altered in 1892 when the west side of the landing was lowered to accommodate the level change in the early-19 th century extension, room 107 (2017), DIA

65. 1892 timber chimneypiece in room 108, which is in the c.1700s building (2017), DIA

66. 1892 chimneypiece in the northern service wing extension, room 112 (2017), DIA

67. Modern bathroom of no significance in the northern service wing extension, room 113, (2017), DIA

68. 1892 chimneypiece in the northern service wing extension, room 114 (2017), DIA

69. Part of 1892 extension, bathroom in room 122 with 1892 timber chimneypiece with blue glazed-tile fireback and hearth (2017), DIA

70. Part of early-19th century extension, heavily re-modelled in 1892 with a central atrium octagonal skylight, room 201 (2017), DIA

71. Part of early-19th century extension, heavily remodeled in 1892. Two 1892 bolection moulded architraves to rooms 201 and 205 (2017), DIA

72. Part of early-19th century extension, heavily remodeled in 1892. Early-19 th century sash to the north now truncated by a later wall, room 204 (2017), DIA

73. Part of c.1700s building, original early-18th century timber roof truss with carpenters marks, room 206 (2017), DIA

74. Part of c.1700s building, original early-18th century timber roof truss, room 209 (2017), DIA

75. Part of early-19th century extension, heavily remodeled in 1892 but with early-19th century panelled corner cupboard, room 213 (2017), DIA

76. Part of the early-19th century extension but heavily re-modelled in 1892 as a corridor to the 1892 extensions. 1892 metal spiral staircase and glazed ceiling/floor with intricate glazing bar pattern to room 301 (2017), DIA

86 Donald Insall Associates | Donhead House, Donhead St Andrew, Wiltshire SP7 9EB Endnotes

1 J. Freeman and J. H Stevenson, ‘Parishes: Donhead St Andrew’, in A History of the County of Wiltshire: Volume 13, South-West Wiltshire: Chalke and Dunworth Hundreds, ed. D A Crowley (London, 1987), p. 126.

2 ‘Wiltshire Community History’, Wiltshire Council, https://history. wiltshire.gov.uk/community/getcensus.php?id=92

3 ‘Wiltshire Community History’, Wiltshire Council,http://history. wiltshire.gov.uk/community/getcensus.php?id=92

4 S. Hobbs ed., Wiltshire Glebe Terriers 1588-1827, no. 285, p.149

5 Hobbs, Wiltshire Glebe Terriers, p.149

6 Hobbs, Wiltshire Glebe Terriers, p.149

7 Freeman and Stevenson, ‘Donhead St Andrew’, p. 135

8 Freeman and Stevenson, ‘Donhead St Andrew’, p. 136

9 Freeman and Stevenson, ‘Donhead St Andrew’, p.136

10 M. Coward, The Donheads: Past & Present (Salisbury, 2007)

11 Coward, Donheads: Past & Present.

12 Wiltshire and Swindon History Centre G9/77-/51, Donhead House, Rating and Valuations. (Hereafter WSHC)

13 WSHC G9/760/78, Proposed conversion to Donhead House (1948)

14 WSHC G9/770/51, Donhead House Sale Catalogue (1952)

15 Ibid.

16 WSHC 3467-150/9, Donhead House (1969)

17 WSHC B20/295/1/8, Donhead House (1969)

18 Freeman and Stevenson, ‘Donhead St Andrew’, p.136

19 ‘The Peerage’, http://www.thepeerage.com/p451.htm#i4504, accessed 9 February 2017.

20 D. R. Thorpe, ‘Eden, (Robert) Anthony, first earl of Avon (1897– 1977)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, May 2011 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/ view/article/31060, accessed 9 February 2017.

21 Gray, Edwardian Archive, RIBA Biographical File for C.E Ponting

22 ‘Obituary’, The Builder, February 5 1932

23 ‘Obituary’, The Builder, February 5 1932

24 ‘Obituary’, The Builder, February 5 1932

25 Historic England. Historic Environment Good Practice Advice in Planning: Note 2 – Managing Significance in Decision-Taking (2015) p3

26 Historic England. Historic Environment Good Practice Advice in Planning: Note 2 – Managing Significance in Decision-Taking (2015) p5