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Muslim Nationalism, State Formation and Legal Representations of the Ahmadiyya Community in Pakistan
Politics of Exclusion: Muslim Nationalism, State Formation and Legal Representations of the Ahmadiyya Community in Pakistan by Sadia Saeed A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Sociology) in The University of Michigan 2010 Doctoral Committee: Professor George P. Steinmetz, Chair Professor Howard A. Kimeldorf Associate Professor Fatma Muge Gocek Associate Professor Genevieve Zubrzycki Professor Mamadou Diouf, Columbia University © Sadia Saeed 2010 2 Dedication This dissertation is dedicated to my parents with my deepest love, respect and gratitude for the innumerable ways they have supported my work and choices. ii Acknowledgements I would like to begin by acknowledging the immense support my parents have given me every step of the way during my (near) decade in graduate school. I have dedicated this dissertation to them. My ammi and baba have always believed in my capabilities to accomplish not only this dissertation but much more in life and their words of love and encouragement have continuously given me the strength and the will to give my research my very best. My father‘s great enthusiasm for this project, his intellectual input and his practical help and advice during the fieldwork of this project have been formative to this project. I would like to thank my dissertation advisor George Steinmetz for the many engaged conversations about theory and methods, for always pushing me to take my work to the next level and above all for teaching me to recognize and avoid sloppiness, caricatures and short-cuts. It is to him that I owe my greatest intellectual debt. -
The Review of Religions, May 1988
THE REVIEW of RELIGIONS VOL LXXXIII NO. 5 MAY 1988 IN THIS ISSUE EDITORIAL GUIDE POSTS • SOURCES OF SIRAT • PRESS RELEASE • PERSECUTION IN PAKISTAN • ISLAM AND RUSSIA • BLISS OF KHILAFAT > EIGHTY YEARS AGO MASJID AL-AQSA THE AHMADIYYA MOVEMENT The Ahmadiyya Movement was founded in 1889 by Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad, the expected world reformer and the Promissed Messiah whose advent had been foretold by the Holy Prophet Muhammad (peace be on him). The Movement is an embodiment of true and real Islam. It seeks to unite mankind with its Creator and to establish peace throughout the world. The present head of the Movement is Hazrat Mirza Tahir Ahmad. The Ahm-adiyya Movement has its headquarters at Rabwah, Pakistan, and is actively engaged in missionary work. EDITOR: BASHIR AHMAD ORCHARD ASSISTANT EDITOR: NAEEM OSMAN MEMON MANAGING EDITOR: AMATUL M. CHAUDHARY EDITORIAL BOARD B. A. RAFIQ (Chairman) A. M. RASHED M. A. SAQI The REVIEW of RELIGIONS A monthly magazine devoted to the dissemination of the teachings of Islam, the discussion of Islamic affairs and religion in general. \f The Review of Religions is an organ of the Ahmadiyya CONTENTS Page Movement which represents the pure and true Islam. It is open to all for discussing 1. Editorial 2 problems connected with the religious and spiritual 2. Guide Posts 3 growth of man, but it does (Bashir Ahmad Orchard) not accept responsibility for views expressed by 3. Sources of Sirat contributors. (Hazrat Mirza Bashir Ahmad) 4. Press Release 15 All correspondence should (Rashid Ahmad Chaudhry)' be forwarded directly to: 5. Persecution in Pakistan 16 The Editor, (Rashid Ahmad Chaudhry) The London Mosque, 16 Gressenhall Road, 6. -
The Detroit Address
The Detroit Address by Hadrat Mirza Tahir Ahmad rta Majlis Khuddamul Ahmadiyya USA The Detroit Address An English translation of the Friday Sermon delivered by by Hadrat Mirza Tahir Ahmad , Khalifatul-Masih IV rta on October 16th, 1987 at Detroit, Michigan, United States of America First published in USA, 1987 Republished in USA, 2018 © MKA USA Publications Ltd. Published by Majlis Khuddamul Ahmadiyya USA Isha‘at Department 15000 Good Hope Rd. Silver Spring, Maryland 20905, USA For further information please visit www.alislam.org. ISBN 978-0-9990794-1-6 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Contents About The Author ............................................... v Foreword ...........................................................vii The Detroit Address ................................... 1 Publisher’s Note ................................................37 Glossary ............................................................41 Hadrat Mirza Tahir Ahmad Khalifatul-Masih IV rta About The Author Hadrat Mirza Tahir Ahmad (December 18th, 1928 – April 19th 2003), Khalifatul-Masih IV rta, was the supreme head of the worldwide Ahmadiyya Muslim Community. He was elected as the fourth successor of Hadrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad as, the Promised Messiah, on June 10th 1982. Hadrat Mirza Tahir Ahmad passed away on April 19th, 2003. His successor, Hadrat Mirza Masroor Ahmad atba, is the present Head of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community. Hadrat Mirza Tahir Ahmad was born on December 18th, 1928, in Qadian, India, to Hadrat Mirza Bashir-ud-Din Mahmood Ahmad ra and Hadrat Syeda Maryam Begum. He received his early schooling in Qadian before immigrating to Pakistan, where he completed his Shahid Degree with dis- tinction from Jamia‘ [Theological Academy] Ahmadiyya Rabwah and an Honors degree in Arabic from Punjab viii The Detroit Address University. -
Founding of the Ahmadiyya Anjuman Isha`At Islam Lahore: Centenary Talk
www.ahmadiyya.org/cont-ahm.htm Founding of the Ahmadiyya Anjuman Isha‘at Islam Lahore, March – May 1914 Main points from a Talk by Dr Zahid Aziz at Darus Salaam, Wembley, U.K. on 2nd March 2014 to commemorate the centenary of its establishment 1. Muslim spiritual orders founded by saints existed all over the Indian subcontinent, long before the Ahmadiyya Movement. Usually these were centred around the tomb of the saint. Three flaws had developed in previous movements and sects: a. The headship and control of the movements had passed into the hands of the descendants of the saints. These descendants were capitalising on the repute of the saint to receive homage from the public as well as donations which they used for personal ends. b. These heads of spiritual orders were revered and regarded as holy by their followers because of their descent. They took people into their discipleship and the disciples obeyed them unquestioningly, looking upon them as the gateway to God. c. Leaders of various sects denounced other sects as unbelievers. 2. Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad set up a system of running the Ahmadiyya movement after him which avoided these pitfalls. 3. Two and a half years before his death he published his Will in December 1905 and laid down how the movement would be run after him. a. Instead of one spiritual leader who would have all members as his personal disciples, he wrote that after him any forty Ahmadis could choose a venerable person from among them as being fit and suitable to bring newcomers into the Movement by taking bai’at from them in the name of Hazrat Mirza sahib. -
35 Ahmadiyya
Malaysian Journal of International Relations, Volume 6, 2018, 35-46 ISSN 2289-5043 (Print); ISSN 2600-8181 (Online) AHMADIYYA: GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF A PERSECUTED COMMUNITY Abdul Rashid Moten ABSTRACT Ahmadiyya, a group, founded in 19th century India, has suffered fierce persecution in various parts of the Muslim world where governments have declared them to be non-Muslims. Despite opposition from mainstream Muslims, the movement continued its proselytising efforts and currently boasts millions of followers worldwide. Based on the documentary sources and other scholarly writings, this paper judges the claims made by the movement's founder, Mirza Ghulam Ahmad, analyses the consequences of the claims, and examines their proselytizing strategies. This paper found that the claims made by Mirza were not in accordance with the belief of mainstream Muslims, which led to their persecution. The reasons for their success in recruiting millions of members worldwide is to be found in their philanthropic activities, avoidance of violence and pursuit of peace inherent in their doctrine of jihad, exerting in the way of God, not by the sword but by the pen. Keywords: Ahmadiyya, jihad, Mirza Ghulam Ahmad, Pakistan, philanthropy INTRODUCTION The Qur’an categorically mentions that Muhammad is the last in the line of the Prophets and that no prophet will follow him. Yet, there arose several individuals who claimed prophethood in Islam. Among the first to claim Prophecy was Musailama al-Kazzab, followed by many others including Mirza Hussein Ali Nuri who took the name Bahaullah (glory of God) and formed a new religion, the Bahai faith. Many false prophets continued to raise their heads occasionally but failed to make much impact until the ascendance of the non-Muslim intellectual, economic and political forces particularly in the 19th century A.D. -
18 September 2019 PRESS RELEASE 37TH MAJLIS
18 September 2019 PRESS RELEASE 37TH MAJLIS ANSARULLAH IJTEMA UK CONCLUDES WITH ADDRESS BY HEAD OF AHMADIYYA MUSLIM COMMUNITY Hazrat Mirza Masroor Ahmad says the example set by elders should “guide the youth upon the right path.” On 15 September 2019, the World Head of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community, the Fifth Khalifa (Caliph), His Holiness, Hazrat Mirza Masroor Ahmad delivered the concluding address at the 37th National Ijtema (Annual Gathering) of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Elders Association UK (Majlis Ansarullah). The 3-day event of Majlis Ansarullah, which comprises of male members of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community above the age of 40, was attended by more than 4,600 people from across the UK and was held at the Country Market in Kingsley. During his address His Holiness spoke in detail about the standards of spirituality that the members of Majlis Ansarullah should strive to attain as outlined by the Founder of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community, His Holiness Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad, the Promised Messiah (peace be upon him). His Holiness highlighted the heavy responsibility that lay upon the members of Majlis Ansarullah to lead by example and said that the young will learn from their elders and follow in their footsteps and thus they should seek to set the best of examples. Hazrat Mirza Masroor Ahmad said: “As the membership of Majlis Ansarullah increases and the organisation progresses, the members of the organisation must self-evaluate to see if they are living up to the expectations laid out by the Promised Messiah (peace be upon him).” -
Zaheeruddin V. State and the Official Persecution of the Ahmadiyya Community in Pakistan
Minnesota Journal of Law & Inequality Volume 14 Issue 1 Article 5 June 1996 Enforced Apostasy: Zaheeruddin v. State and the Official Persecution of the Ahmadiyya Community in Pakistan M. Nadeem Ahmad Siddiq Follow this and additional works at: https://lawandinequality.org/ Recommended Citation M. N. Siddiq, Enforced Apostasy: Zaheeruddin v. State and the Officialersecution P of the Ahmadiyya Community in Pakistan, 14(1) LAW & INEQ. 275 (1996). Available at: https://scholarship.law.umn.edu/lawineq/vol14/iss1/5 Minnesota Journal of Law & Inequality is published by the University of Minnesota Libraries Publishing. Enforced Apostasy: Zaheeruddin v. State and the Official Persecution of the Ahmadiyya Community in Pakistan M. Nadeem Ahmad Siddiq* Table of Contents Introduction ............................................... 276 I. The Ahmadiyya Community in Islam .................. 278 II. History of Ahmadis in Pakistan ........................ 282 III. The Decision in Zaheerudin v. State ................... 291 A. The Pakistan Court Considers Ahmadis Non- M uslim s ........................................... 292 B. Company and Trademark Laws Do Not Prohibit Ahmadis From Muslim Practices ................... 295 C. The Pakistan Court Misused United States Freedom of Religion Precedent .............................. 299 D. Ordinance XX Should Have Been Found Void for Vagueness ......................................... 314 E. The Pakistan Court Attributed False Statements to Mirza Ghulam Almad ............................. 317 F. Ordinance XX Violates -
Ikorodu Ilorin
BULLETIN JULY 2016 | VOLUME 2, ISSUE 6 TREE National AHMADIYYA PLANTING Waqar- CONDEMNS D Etai ls inside e Amal FRANCE IKORODU CHURCH APATA ATTACKS ILORIN OSHOGBO AL-IRFAN BULLETIN JULY, 2016 | PAGE 2 LAGOS WORKSHOP MAJLIS ADVOCATES OFFERING SUBJECTS ON AHMADIYYA IN SCHOOLS Majlis Khuddam-ul-Ahmadiyya, Lagos State has urged the schools owned by Ahmadiyya Muslim Jama’at or its auxiliaries to devise a mechanism allowing students/pupils offer a subject or course that is strictly about Ahmadiyya and value system. his is one of the resolutions made at the State Officers’ Workshop T held between 8th July and 10th July, 2016 at Ahmadiyya Muslim Jama’at Headquarters, Ojokoro, Lagos. In a communique issued at the end of the 3-day programme, the Majlis also encouraged all officers at all levels to maintain a permanent focus in their respective departments and work based on the requirements of the guidelines as contained in the MKA Constitution and the MKAN Handbook. Moreso, as the nation is The workshop was attended by a total currently striving to get back to of 77 participants. Participants cut It also agreed that Members of the economic growth and across 9 Dil’at (Districts) of the Majlis Majlis at all levels should come development in the face of the in Lagos. Also in attendance were the together based on their present economic challenges, Naib Sadr, Admin, MKAN, Bro Saheed professional and occupational the Majlis urged the government Aina; Naib Sadr, South-West, Bro A.G. preference and put resources to make qualitative education a Omopariola; other Mulk Officers; together on business ventures major consideration in the National Isha’at Secretary and using the Majlis as a rider to gain journey to economic Coordinator, Muslim Television access to wide opportunities. -
Bulletin 2015 National Officers' Workshop Held At
A MONTHLY NEWSLETTERAL-IRFAN OF MAJLIS KHUDDAM-UL-AHMADIYYA NIGERIA BULLETIN EM C BE E R 2015 NATIONAL OFFICERS’ D WORKSHOP HELD AT JAMIA 2015 I S S : 3 AHMADIYYA, ILARO, OGUN STATE U E N O REPORTS FROM SADR’S OFFICE AMSA 1 Sadr’s Trip to South-Africa. 4 Transition to a new executive MAJLIS STORIES CHILDREN’S CORNER News from Ilaqas and Dilas. Happenings around Drawing Challenge 2 the country 5 JAMA’AT NEWS News from the worldwide Ahmadiyya 3 community. AL-IRFAN BULLETIN Volume: 2 Issue: 8 DECEMBER 2015 MKAN URGED TO IMPLEMENT SCHEME OF WORK Owing to low level of interest and zeal towards learning among youths, Majlis Khuddam-ul-Ahmadiyya, Nigeria has been urged to sincerely adopt and implement the Majlis’ scheme of work contained in the Brochure at its various local, district and state levels. his plea is contained to ignorance and illiteracy, in the Communique the communique issued by the encouraged members Organization at the to adopt programmes end of a 3-day National as a means of Officers’T Workshop held at propagating Islam, Jamia Ahmadiyya, Ilaro, Ogun adding that youths State between 25th and 27th cannot progress December, 2015 with the theme intellectually “Training the Officers for Optimum without developing Preformance”. constant reading The programme, declared open culture. by the Sadr, MKAN, Bro Abdur It also mobilized full Rafi’ Abdul Qadir, witnessed moral, financial and 291 participants across six spiritual supports of Southwestern states. Topics members for Ahmadi treated include “Roles of Members Youths All African Games towards AYAAG Programmes, (AYAAG), where more than 25 “Health Talk on Preventive countries are invited, holding in Healthcare”, “Officers’ Trainings February and March for successful on Majlis’ Scheme of Work and hosting. -
Gazzette MBBS 4Th Prof Ann 2016.Pdf
KHYBER MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, PESHAWAR BACHELOR OF MEDICINE & BACHELOR OF SURGERY (MBBS) FOURTH PROFESSIONAL ANNUAL EXAMINATION 2016 EXAMINATION HELD IN OCT - NOV 2016 RESULT DECLARED ON FEBRUARY 03, 2017 MAX MARKS: 1000 NOTIFICATION NO. MBBS (4th Prof -A16)-1 Roll Reg.No. Name Father's Name Result No. Khyber Medical College, Peshawar 43001 2012/KMU/KMC/72 JAWAD ROYAIDAR BAKHT ROYAIDAR 633 43002 2012/KMU/KMC/73 KAINAT EMEL KHAN 752 43003 2012/KMU/KMC/74 KAINAT RIAZ KHAN RIAZ AHMAD KHAN 771 43004 2012/KMU/KMC/283 KAMILAH AZAM ZULFIQAR AZAM Re: Path 43005 2012/KMU/KMC/75 KARISHMA REHMAN HIDAYAT UR REHMAN 753 43006 2012/KMU/KMC/212 KASHIF RASHID DR.GUL RASHID 669 43007 2012/KMU/KMC/76 KHADEEJA ANWAR DR. ANWAR ZADA 731 43008 2012/KMU/KMC/77 KHADIJA KHUSH BAKHT JAMANDOS KHAN 707 43009 2012/KMU/KMC/270 KIFAYAT HUSSAIN QAZALBASH MUHAMMAD HABIL 696 43010 2012/KMU/KMC/78 KIRAN HABIB SYED HABIB ULLAH SHAH 760 43011 2012/KMU/KMC/213 KIRAN KHAN AMJAD ALI KHAN SHINWARI 709 43012 2012/KMU/KMC/79 KIRAN MUSLIM MUSLIM DIN 735 43013 2012/KMU/KMC/80 LAIBA AZHAR AZHAR KHAN 732 43014 2012/KMU/KMC/81 LAILA HAZRAT MUHAMMAD HAZRAT 765 43015 2012/KMU/KMC/82 LAILA NOWSHAD AMIR NOUSHAD 668 43016 2012/KMU/KMC/275 LAYLA ALI AKBAR ALI 669 43017 2012/KMU/KMC/233 MAHAM BABAR SAEED NAWAZ BABAR 729 43018 2012/KMU/KMC/234 MAHNOOR AZHAR AZHAR PERVEZ 691 43019 2012/KMU/KMC/235 MAHNOOR INAMULLAH 761 43020 2012/KMU/KMC/83 MAHNOOR KHAN KHWAJA MUHAMMAD 765 43021 2012/KMU/KMC/24 ASAD JAHANGIR GANDAPUR MUHAMMAD JAHANGIR 750 43022 2011/KMU/KMC/134 MUHAMMAD ADNAN MUHAMMAD SULTAB 731 -
The Role of Islamic Organisations in the Growth of Islam in Bayelsa State, 1996-2015
International Journal of Humanitatis Theoreticus. Vol. 3. (Issue: 1); May, 2020 The Role of Islamic Organisations in the Growth of Islam in Bayelsa State, 1996-2015. By Professor T. A. Varvar Department of History GSM: 07030559633. S. I. Ugbegili, PhD Nathaniel B. Gimba Luka Department of History, Benue State Department of History, Adamawa State University, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria. University, Mubi Adamawa State, Nigeria. E-mail: [email protected]. E-mail: [email protected] GSM: 08035098734. GSM: 08037462359. Abstract This paper examines the role of Islamic organisations in the growth of Islam in Bayelsa from 1996- 2015. By this period, many indigenes of Bayelsa area had peacefully accepted Islam and made frantic efforts particularly through the establishment of Islamic organisations to ensure that the religion gained more adherents in the state. It is important to note that unlike in the Northern part of Nigeria where there was a recorded incessant religious motivated violence, Muslims in Bayelsa have enjoyed moderate harmonious relations with their Christian counterpart. The paper argues that while it is evident that there was never a time both Christians and Muslims got entangled in a religious motivated conflict in Bayelsa, the age long struggle for doctrinal dominance among the Muslims was inevitable in the area. The paper, however, discovered a growing but salient rivalry among the Izalah group in Nigeria that had snowballed into the Bayelsa state chapter. The study relies on primary evidences from interviews and also sourced information from secondary sources of data. The paper finally argues that, though ideological difference are inevitable among a group or more or among religious faithful, it should not be allowed to take a center stage else observed growth of Islam in Bayelsa could be hampered. -
April 2003, Vol.98, No.4
Contents April 2003, Vol.98, No.4 An Obituary of Hadhrat Mirza Tahir Ahmad – Rafiq Ahmad Hayat – Amir UK. 2 The Beginning of Khilafa in the Ahmadiyya Community – An excerpt from The Will about the Divine promise of the Second Manisfestation of His Power: Hadhrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad(as) . 6 Two Memorable Quotations – Quotations from Hadhrat Khalifatul Masih III and Hadhrat Khalifatul Masih IV regarding the Divine protection of the continuation of Khilafat: . 13 Milestones in a Life lived to the Full – A brief look at the life of the extraordinary life of Hadhrat Mirza Tahir Ahmad (Khalifatul Masih IV): . 14 Man of God – Extract from the book of the same name detailing the amazing journey from Pakistan to the UK by Hadhrat Khalifatul Masih IV in the wake of the country’s President ordering his immediate arrest: Iain Adamson. 30 Life Sketch and Services of Hadhrat Mirza Masroor Ahmad – Khalifatul Masih V: A brief introduction to the new Head of the worldwide Ahmadiyya Movement and his election as the new Khalifa to lead the Community: . 51 The First Address of Hadhrat Khalifatul Masih V – The English translation of a speech given in Urdu just before the inaugural pledge of allegiance and allegiance at the hands of the new Khalifa .. 61 Chief Editor and Manager Chairman of the Management Board Mansoor Ahmed Shah. Naseer Ahmad Qamar Basit Ahmad Special contributors: All correspondence should Bockarie Tommy Kallon Amatul-Hadi Ahmad be forwarded directly to: Farina Qureshi Daud Mahmood Khan The Editor Fareed Ahmad Proof-reader: Review of Religions Fazal Ahmad Shaukia Mir The London Mosque Fauzia Bajwa Mansoor Saqi Design and layout: 16 Gressenhall Road Mahmood Hanif Tanveer Khokhar London, SW18 5QL Mansoora Hyder-Muneeb United Kingdom Publisher: Navida Shahid Al Shirkatul Islamiyyah © Islamic Publications, 2002 Sarah Waseem ISSN No: 0034-6721 Saleem Ahmad Malik Distribution: Tanveer Khokhar Muhammad Hanif Views expressed in this publication are not necessarily the opinions of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community.