Ethnologue report for () Page 1 of 15

Languages of Indonesia (Kalimantan)

See map.

Indonesia (Kalimantan). 11,331,558 (2000 census). 4 . Information mainly from A. A. Cense and E. M. Uhlenbeck 1958; R. Blust 1974. The number of listed for Indonesia (Kalimantan) is 83. Of those, all are living languages.

Living languages

Ahe [ahe] 30,000 (1990 UBS). Alternate names: Ahe Dayak, Dayak Ahe. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Land Dayak

More information. Ampanang [apg] 30,000 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). East central, southeast of Tunjung, around Jambu and Lamper. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Barito, Mahakam More information. Aoheng [pni] 2,630 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). North central near border. Alternate names: Penihing. : Lexical similarity 69% with Kereho, 67% with Hovongan. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Kayan- Murik, Muller-Schwaner 'Punan' More information. Bahau [bhv] 3,200 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). Northeast, north, and southeast of Busang. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo- Polynesian, Kayan-Murik, Kayan More information. Bakumpai [bkr] 100,000 (2003). Kapuas and Barito rivers, northeast of Kualakapuas. Alternate names: Bara-Jida. Dialects: Bakumpai, Mengkatip (Mangkatip, Oloh Mengkatip). Related to Ngaju, Kahayan, Katingan. Lexical similarity 75% with Ngaju, 45% with Banjar. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Barito, West, South More information. Banjar [bjn] 5,000,000 in Indonesia (2001 Johnstone and Mandryk). Population total all countries:

http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=IDK 2/28/2008 Ethnologue report for Indonesia (Kalimantan) Page 2 of 15

5,900,000. Around in the south and east, and one pocket on east coast south of the mouth. Also spoken in (). Alternate names: Banjarese, Bandjarese, Banjar Malay. Dialects: Kuala, Hulu. Lexical similarity 45% with Bakumpai, 35% with Ngaju. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Malayic, Malayan, Local Malay More information. Basap [bdb] 17,000 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). Eastern Kalimantan, scattered throughout Bulungan, Sangkulirang, and . Dialects: Jembayan, Bulungan, Berau, Dumaring, Binatang, Karangan. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Northwest, Rejang-Sajau More information. Bekati' [bei] 4,000 (1986 UBS). Northwestern near Sarawak border, around Sambas and Selvas. Alternate names: Bakatiq. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Land Dayak

More information. Benyadu' [byd] 45,000 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). Northwestern near Sarawak border, around Tan, Darit. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Land Dayak More information. Biatah [bth] 8,484 in Indonesia (2000 WCD). Northwest Kalimantan, on Sarawak border. Mainly in Sarawak. Alternate names: Bideyu, Siburan, Lundu, Landu, Pueh. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo- Polynesian, Land Dayak More information. Bolongan [blj] 15,000 (1989). Northeast, around Tanjungselor, lower . Alternate names: Bulungan. Dialects: May be a of Tidong or Segai. Classification uncertain. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo- Polynesian, Northwest, North Sarawakan, Dayic, Murutic, Tidong More information. Bukar Sadong [sdo] Alternate names: Sadong, Tebakang, Buka, Bukar, Serian, Sabutan. Dialects: Bukar Sadong, Bukar Bidayuh (Bidayuh, Bidayah). Classification: Austronesian, Malayo- Polynesian, Land Dayak

http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=IDK 2/28/2008 Ethnologue report for Indonesia (Kalimantan) Page 3 of 15

More information. Bukat [bvk] 400 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). North central near Sarawak border, , southeast of Mendalam, 3 areas. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Kayan- Murik, Muller-Schwaner 'Punan' More information. Bukitan [bkn] 573 in Indonesia (2000 WCD). Population total all countries: 862. Iwan River, on the Sarawak border. Also spoken in Malaysia (Sarawak). Alternate names: Bakitan, Bakatan, Beketan, Mangkettan, Manketa, Pakatan. Dialects: Punan Ukit, Punan Busang. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo- Polynesian, Northwest, Melanau-Kajang, Kajang More information. Burusu [bqr] 6,000 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). Northeast, around Sekatakbunyi, north of Sajau Basap language. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Northwest, Rejang-Sajau More information. Dayak, Land [dyk] 57,619 (1981). Western Kalimantan. Dialects: Karagan (Karangan), Sidin (Siding, Sinding), Meratei (Meretei), Sau (Sauh, Biratak), Sermah (Bionah), Berang, Sabungo, Santan, Gurgo, Sinan, Sumpo, Budanoh, Sering, Gugu, Matan, Temila, Behe, Ipoh, Manyukai (Menjuke, Menyukai, Manyuke, Manukai), Punan (Bunan, Murang Punan, Penyabung Punan, Busang, Djuloi), Kati, Beta. There may be several languages represented among the dialects listed. All Land Dayak in Sarawak are covered by separate listings. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo- Polynesian, Land Dayak More information. Djongkang [djo] 45,000 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). Northwest, south of Balai Sebut. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo- Polynesian, Land Dayak More information. Dohoi [otd] 25,000 (2003). Extensive area south of the Schwaner Range on the upper reaches of south rivers. The Ulu Ai' are on the Mandai River with 7 villages. Alternate names: Ot Danum, Uut Danum, Uud Danum, Malahoi.

http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=IDK 2/28/2008 Ethnologue report for Indonesia (Kalimantan) Page 4 of 15

Dialects: Ot Balawan, Ot Banu'u, Ot Murung 1 (Murung 1, Punan Ratah), Ot Olang, Ot Tuhup, Sarawai (Melawi), Dohoi, Ulu Ai' (Da'an), Sebaung, Kadorih. Lexical similarity 70% with Siang, 65% with Kohin, 60% with Katingan, 50% with Ngaju. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Barito, West, North More information. Dusun Deyah [dun] 20,000 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). Southeast, northeast of Bongkang. Alternate names: Deah, Dejah. Dialects: Lexical similarity 53% with Lawangan, 52% with Tawoyan. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Barito, East, Central-South, Central More information. Dusun Malang [duq] 4,500 (2003). Population includes 2,000 Bayan. East central, west of Muarainu, northeast of Muarateweh. Dialects: Bayan, Dusun Malang. Closest to Ma'anyan, Paku, Dusun Witu, Malagasy. Lexical similarity 90% between Dusun Malang and Bayan. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo- Polynesian, Barito, East, Central-South, South More information. Dusun Witu [duw] 5,000 (2003). Southeast, regions of Pendang and Buntokecil; south of Muarateweh. Dialects: Dusun Pepas, Dusun Witu. Closest to Ma'anyan, Paku, Dusun Malang, Malagasy. Lexical similarity 75% with Ma'anyan, 73% with Paku. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo- Polynesian, Barito, East, Central-South, South More information. Embaloh [emb] 10,000 (1991 NTM). West central, Hulu Kapuas Regency, just south of the Sarawak border, upper Kapuas River: Embaloh, Leboyan, Lauh, Palin, Nyabau, Mandai, and Kalis tributaries. Alternate names: Mbaloh, Maloh, Malo, Memaloh, Matoh, Pari, Palin, Sangau, Sanggau. Dialects: Kalis (Kalis Maloh, Kalis Dayak). Kalis may be a separate language. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, , , Bugis, Tamanic More information. Hovongan [hov] 1,000 (1991 NTM). North central near Sarawak border, 2 areas. Alternate names: Punan Bungan. Dialects: Hovongan, Semukung Uheng. Lexical similarity 69% with

http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=IDK 2/28/2008 Ethnologue report for Indonesia (Kalimantan) Page 5 of 15

Kereho, 67% with Aoheng. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Kayan- Murik, Muller-Schwaner 'Punan' More information. Iban [iba] Western and northern Kalimantan. Alternate names: Sea Dayak. Dialects: Batang Lupar, Bugau, Seberuang, Kantu', Desa, Ketungau (Air Tabun, Sigarau, Sekalau, Sekapat, Banjur, Sebaru', Demam, Maung). Classification: Austronesian, Malayo- Polynesian, Malayic, Malayic-Dayak, Ibanic More information. Kahayan [xah] 45,000 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). Kapuas and Kahayan rivers, south central, northeast of Ngaju. Alternate names: Kahaian, Kahajan. Dialects: Kapuas. Related to Ngaju, Bakumpai. Lexical similarity 73% with Katingan. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo- Polynesian, Barito, West, South More information. Katingan [kxg] 45,000 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). Katingan River, south central. Dialects: Katingan Ngawa, Katingan Ngaju. Related to Bakumpai. Lexical similarity 72% with Ngaju, 69% with Kohin, 65% with Dohoi. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo- Polynesian, Barito, West, South More information. Kayan [xay] 1,300 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). North Mahakam central, , 2 areas. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo- Polynesian, Kayan-Murik, Kayan More information. Kayan, Busang [bfg] 3,000 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). On the upper Mahakam, Oga, and Belayan rivers. Alternate names: Kajan, Kajang, Busang. Dialects: Mahakam Busang, Belayan, Long Bleh. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo- Polynesian, Kayan-Murik, Kayan More information. Kayan, Kayan [xkn] 2,000 (1981 Wurm and River Hattori). Northeast, Kayan River, 2 areas. Alternate names: Kayan River Kajan, Kajang. Dialects: Uma Lakan, Kayaniyut Kayan. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo- Polynesian, Kayan-Murik, Kayan More information.

http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=IDK 2/28/2008 Ethnologue report for Indonesia (Kalimantan) Page 6 of 15

Kayan, [xkd] 1,500 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). North Mendalam central, northeast of Putus Sibau, Mendalam River. Alternate names: Mendalam Kajan. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo- Polynesian, Kayan-Murik, Kayan More information. Kayan, Wahau [whu] 500 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). Northeast, north of Muara Wahau. Alternate names: Wahau Kajan. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Kayan-Murik, Kayan More information. Kelabit [kzi] 636 in Indonesia (2000 WCD). Remote mountains, on Sarawak border, northwest of Longkemuat. Mainly in Sarawak. Alternate names: Kalabit, Kerabit. Dialects: Lon Bangag. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo- Polynesian, Northwest, North Sarawakan, Dayic, Kelabitic More information. Kembayan [xem] 45,000 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). Northwest, near Sarawak border, around Balaikarangan, Kembayan, Landak River. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo- Polynesian, Land Dayak More information. Kendayan [knx] 150,000 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). Kalimantan Barat, northeast of Bengkayang in the Ledo area, extending into the jungle area of Madi and Papan. Alternate names: Baicit, Kendayan-Ambawang, Kendayan Dayak. Dialects: Ambawang, Kendayan. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Malayic, Malayic-Dayak More information. Keninjal [knl] 35,000 (1990 UBS). West central, Sayan and Melawi rivers, around Nangapinoh, Nangaella, Nangasayan, Gelalak. Alternate names: Kaninjal Dayak, Dayak Kaninjal, Kaninjal. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo- Polynesian, Malayic, Malayic-Dayak More information. Kenyah, Bahau [bwv] 1,500 (1981 Wurm and River Hattori). Northeast, on Sarawak border, around Longkemuat, Iwan River. Alternate names: Kenya. Dialects: Long Atau, Long Bena, Long Puyungan. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Northwest, North Sarawakan, Kenyah, Main Kenyah

http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=IDK 2/28/2008 Ethnologue report for Indonesia (Kalimantan) Page 7 of 15

More information. Kenyah, [boc] 1,485 in Indonesia (2000 Bakung WCD). Northeast, near the Sarawak border, Oga River and southeast of Datadian, and around Kubumesaai. Also spoken in Malaysia (Sarawak). Alternate names: Bakung, Bakung Kenya, Bakong. Dialects: Boh Bakung, Oga Bakung, Kayan River Bakung. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Northwest, North Sarawakan, Kenyah More information. Kenyah, Kayan [knh] 6,000 (1981 Wurm and River Hattori). Northeast, Apo Kayan highlands where Kayan River begins, Iwan River, and around Longbia. Alternate names: Kayan River Kenya, Kenya, Kenja, Kenyah, Kinjin, Kindjin, Kehja. Dialects: Lower Kayan Kenyah, Longbia, Kayaniyut Kenyah, Long Nawan, Long Kelawit. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo- Polynesian, Northwest, North Sarawakan, Kenyah, Main Kenyah More information. Kenyah, [xkl] 1,200 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). Northeast, Kelinyau Kinjau River, around Long Laes, and . Alternate names: Kelinyau, Kelinjau, Kenja, Kenyah, Kenya, Kinjin, Kindjin, Kehja. Dialects: Uma Bem, Uma Tau, Lepo' Kulit, Uma Jalam. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo- Polynesian, Northwest, North Sarawakan, Kenyah, Main Kenyah More information. Kenyah, [xkm] 7,000 (1981 Wurm and Mahakam Hattori). Northeast, east of Bahau, and on Mahakam River, 5 areas. Alternate names: Mahakam Kenya, Kenya, Kenja, Kenyah, Kinjin, Kindjin, Kehja. Dialects: Mahakam Kenyah, Boh. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Northwest, North Sarawakan, Kenyah, Main Kenyah More information. Kenyah, Upper [ubm] 636 in Indonesia (2000 WCD). Border Baram with Sarawak, northwest of Longkemuat. Alternate names: Upper Baram Kenja, Kenja, Kenyah, Kinjin, Kanyay, Kindjin. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Northwest, North Sarawakan, Kenyah, Main Kenyah More information. Kenyah, [whk] 1,000 (1981 Wurm and

http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=IDK 2/28/2008 Ethnologue report for Indonesia (Kalimantan) Page 8 of 15

Wahau Hattori). Northeast, north of Muara Wahau and Wahau Kayan. Alternate names: Wahau Kenya. Dialects: Uma Timai. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Northwest, North Sarawakan, Kenyah More information. Kereho-Uheng [xke] 500 (2003). North central near Sarawak border, south of Bukat and Hovongan. Alternate names: Keriau Punan. Dialects: Seputan. Lexical similarity 69% with Hovongan, 69% with Aoheng. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Kayan- Murik, Muller-Schwaner 'Punan' More information. Kohin [kkx] 8,000 (2003). , Kotawaringin Timur District, along the central and northern Seruyan River. 10 villages. Alternate names: Seruyan, Bahasa Seruyan. Dialects: Lexical similarity 69% with Katingan, 60% to 65% with Dohoi, 50% to 62% with Ngaju. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo- Polynesian, Barito, West, North More information. Lara' [lra] 8,272 in Indonesia (2000 WCD). Upper Lundu and Sambas rivers, around Bengkayang east of Gunung Pendering, and farther north, Pejampi and two other villages. Alternate names: Luru. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Land Dayak More information. Lawangan [lbx] 100,000 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). Around the Karau River in east central Kalimantan. Alternate names: Luwangan, Northeast Barito. Dialects: Ajuh, Bakoi (), Bantian (Bentian), Banuwang, Bawu (Bawo), Kali, Karau (Beloh), Lawa, Lolang, Mantararen, Njumit, Purai, Purung, Tuwang, Pasir, Benua. At least 17 dialects. Tawoyan may be inherently intelligible. Lexical similarity 77% with Tawoyan, 53% with Dusun Deyah. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo- Polynesian, Barito, East, North More information. Lengilu [lgi] 3 to 4 (2000 Wurm). Northeast, between Sa'ban and Lundayeh. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Northwest, North Sarawakan, Dayic, Kelabitic Nearly extinct. More information.

http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=IDK 2/28/2008 Ethnologue report for Indonesia (Kalimantan) Page 9 of 15

Lundayeh [lnd] 25,000 in Indonesia (1987). Population total all countries: 38,100. Interior about 4 degrees north from Brunei Bay to headwaters of Padas River, to headwaters of Baram, and into Kalimantan, Indonesian mountains where tributaries of arise. Also spoken in Brunei, Malaysia (Sarawak). Alternate names: Southern Murut, Lun Daye, Lun Dayah, Lun Daya, Lun Dayoh, Lundaya. Dialects: Lun Daye, Papadi, Lun Bawang (Long Bawan, Sarawak Murut). Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Northwest, North Sarawakan, Dayic, Kelabitic More information. Ma'anyan [mhy] 150,000 (2003). South around Tamianglayang area of the drainage of Patai River. Alternate names: Maanyak Dayak, Ma'anjan. Dialects: Samihim (Buluh Kuning), Sihong (Siong), Dusun Balangan. Related to Malagasy in . Lexical similarity 77% with Paku, 75% with Dusun Witu. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo- Polynesian, Barito, East, Central-South, South More information. Malay, Berau [bve] 20,000 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). East central coastal area, Tanjungreder and Muaramalinau in the north to Sepinang in the south. Alternate names: Berau, Merau Malay. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo- Polynesian, Malayic, Malayan, Local Malay More information. Malay, Bukit [bvu] 50,000 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). Southeastern, Sampanahan River, northwest of Limbungan. Alternate names: Bukit, Meratus. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Malayic, Malayan, Local Malay More information. Malay, Kota [mqg] 80,000 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). Central Bangun Kutai Mahakam River basin. Dialects: Not intelligible with Tenggarong Kutai Malay. May be intelligible with Northern Kutai. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Malayic, Malayan, Local Malay More information. Malay, [vkt] 210,000 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). Tenggarong Population includes 100,000 in Tenggarong, Kutai 60,000 in Ancalong, 50,000 in Northern Kutai. Mahakam River basin, east central

http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=IDK 2/28/2008 Ethnologue report for Indonesia (Kalimantan) Page 10 of 15

coastal area, from Sepinang and Tg. Mangkalihat in the north to Muarabadak and in the south. Alternate names: Kutai, Tenggarong. Dialects: Tenggarong Kutai, Ancalong Kutai, Northern Kutai. Many dialects. Tenggarong and Kota Bangun are not inherently intelligible. Shares phonological innovations with Berau Malay, Banjar, and Brunei. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo- Polynesian, Malayic, Malayan, Local Malay More information. Malayic Dayak [xdy] 520,000 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). Population includes 300 Tapitn, 100,000 Banana', 100,000 Kayung, 200,000 Delang, 10,000 Semitau, 10,000 Suhaid, 20,000 Mentebah-Suruk. Western Kalteng and much of KalBar. Banana' and Tapitn are western, between Singakawang, Bengkayang, Darit, and Sungairaya; Kayung and Delang are southern, between Sandai, Muarakayang, Pembuanghulu, Sukamara, and Sukaraja; Semitau, Suhaid, and Mentebah-Suruk are eastern, southeast of Kapuas River from Sintang to Putus Sibau. Dialects: Tapitn, Banana', Kayung (Kayong), Delang, Semitau, Suhaid, Mentebah-Suruk, Arut (Sukarame), Lamandau (Landau Kantu), Sukamara (Kerta Mulya), Riam (Nibung Terjung), Belantikan (Sungkup). The listed dialects form a chain and may constitute 3 or more languages. Related to Selako, Kendaya, and Keninjal. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Malayic, Malayic-Dayak More information. Modang [mxd] 15,300 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). Around Segah, Kelinjau, and Belayan rivers in northeast Kalimantan, 5 areas. Dialects: Kelingan (Long Wai, Long We), Long Glat, Long Bento', Benehes, Nahes, Liah Bing. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo- Polynesian, Kayan-Murik, Modang More information. Mualang [mtd] 10,000 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). Along the Ayak and Belitang rivers, about 200 miles upstream from . Dialects: Close to Iban. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo- Polynesian, Malayic, Malayic-Dayak, Ibanic More information. Ngaju [nij] 800,000 (2003). Kapuas, Kahayan, Katingan, and Mentaya rivers, south. Alternate

http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=IDK 2/28/2008 Ethnologue report for Indonesia (Kalimantan) Page 11 of 15

names: Ngadju, Ngaju Dayak, Biadju, Southwest Barito. Dialects: Pulopetak, Ba'amang (Bara-Bare, Sampit), Mantangai (Oloh Mangtangai). Related to Katingan, Kahayan, Bakumpai. Lexical similarity 75% with Bakumpai, 72% with Katingan, 62% with Kohin, 50% with Dohoi, 35% with Banjar. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo- Polynesian, Barito, West, South More information. Nyadu [nxj] 9,000. West and , Landak, tributary of . Alternate names: Njadu, Balantiang, Balantian. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo- Polynesian, Land Dayak More information. Okolod [kqv] 3,393 in Indonesia (2000 WCD). Population total all countries: 4,971. Northeast along Sabah border, east of Lumbis, north of Lundayeh. Primarily Kalimantan and Sarawak, some in Sabah. Also spoken in Malaysia (Sarawak). Alternate names: Kolod, Kolour, Kolur, Okolod Murut. Dialects: Lexical similarity 82% with Okolod of Sabah, 70% with Pensiangan Murut (Tagal), 34% with Lundayeh. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Northwest, North Sarawakan, Dayic, Murutic, Murut More information. Paku [pku] 3,500 (2003). Southeast, south of Ampah. Dialects: Closest to Ma'anyan, Malagasy, Dusun Malang, Dusun Witu. Lexical similarity 77% with Ma'anyan, 73% with Dusun Witu. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo- Polynesian, Barito, East, Central-South, South More information. Punan Aput [pud] 370 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). Northeast, west, and north of Mt. Menyapa. Alternate names: Aput. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Kayan-Murik, Muller- Schwaner 'Punan' More information. Punan Merah [puf] 137 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). Northeast, Mahakam River, east of Ujohhilang. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo- Polynesian, Kayan-Murik, Muller-Schwaner 'Punan' More information.

http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=IDK 2/28/2008 Ethnologue report for Indonesia (Kalimantan) Page 12 of 15

Punan Merap [puc] 200 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). Northeast, east of Longkemuat. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Northwest, Rejang-Sajau More information. Punan Tubu [puj] 2,000 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). Northeast, Malinau, Mentarang, and Sembakung rivers, 8 locations. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo- Polynesian, Northwest, North Sarawakan, Kenyah More information. Putoh [put] 6,000 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). Northeast, east of Lundayeh and Sa'ban, Mentarang River, around Longberang, Mensalong, and Bangalan. Dialects: Pa Kembaloh, Abai. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Northwest, North Sarawakan, Dayic, Kelabitic More information. Ribun [rir] 45,000 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). Northwest, south of Kembayan. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo- Polynesian, Land Dayak More information. Sa'ban [snv] 848 in Indonesia (2000 WCD). Northeast on Sarawak border, south of Lundayeh. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo- Polynesian, Northwest, North Sarawakan, Dayic, Kelabitic More information. Sajau Basap [sjb] 6,000 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). Northeast, northeast of Muaramalinau. Alternate names: Sajau, Sujau. Dialects: Punan Sajau, Punan Basap, Punan Batu 2. Related to Basap. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo- Polynesian, Northwest, Rejang-Sajau More information. Sanggau [scg] 45,000 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). Northwestern, around Sanggau, Kapuas River. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Land Dayak More information. Sara [sre] 200. Near Sanggau-Ledo northeast of Ledo. Dialects: Some dialect differences, but one written form can serve. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Land Dayak

http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=IDK 2/28/2008 Ethnologue report for Indonesia (Kalimantan) Page 13 of 15

More information. Seberuang [sbx] 20,000 (1993 UBS). Kapuas River. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo- Polynesian, Malayic, Malayic-Dayak, Ibanic More information. Segai [sge] 2,000 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). Northeast, Kelai River and around Longlaai. Dialects: Kelai, Segah. Bolongan may be a dialect. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Kayan-Murik, Modang More information. Selako [skl] 100,000 in Indonesia (1981 Wurm and Hattori). Population total all countries: 103,800. Northwest, around Pemangkat. Also spoken in Malaysia (Sarawak). Alternate names: Selako Dayak, Salakau, Silakau. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo- Polynesian, Malayic, Malayic-Dayak More information. Selungai Murut [slg] 636 in Indonesia (2000 WCD). Population total all countries: 1,009. Along the upper reaches of the , east of Lumbis. Also spoken in Malaysia (Sabah). Classification: Austronesian, Malayo- Polynesian, Northwest, North Sarawakan, Dayic, Murutic, Murut More information. Semandang [sdm] 30,000 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). West central, around Balaiberkuwak, north of Sandai. Dialects: Semandang, Gerai, Beginci, Bihak. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo- Polynesian, Land Dayak More information. Sembakung [sbr] 3,181 in Indonesia (2000 WCD). Along the Murut Sembakung River in northern Kalimantan, from the mouth, into Sabah. Alternate names: Simbakong, Sembakoeng, Sembakong, Tinggalan, Tinggalum, Tingalun. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Northwest, North Sarawakan, Dayic, Murutic, Tidong More information. Siang [sya] 60,000 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). Central, east of Dohoi. Alternate names: Ot Siang. Dialects: Siang, Murung 2. Related to Dohoi. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo- Polynesian, Barito, West, North More information.

http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=IDK 2/28/2008 Ethnologue report for Indonesia (Kalimantan) Page 14 of 15

Tagal Murut [mvv] 2,000 Alumbis in Indonesia. Along the Pegalan Valley, Alumbis River. Alternate names: Sumambu-Tagal, Sumambu, Sumambuq, Semembu, Semambu. Dialects: Rundum (Arundum), Tagal (Tagol, North Borneo Murut, Sabah Murut), Sumambu (Semembu, Sumambuq), Tolokoson (Telekoson), Sapulot Murut (Sapulut Murut), Pensiangan Murut (Pentjangan, Tagul, Taggal, Lagunan Murut), Alumbis (Lumbis, Loembis), Tawan, Tomani (Tumaniq), Maligan (Mauligan, Meligan, Bol Murut, Bole Murut). Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Northwest, North Sarawakan, Dayic, Murutic, Murut More information. Taman [tmn] 6,214 (2000 WCD). North central, Kapuas River in the area directly upriver from Putussibau, and the Mendalam and Sibau tributaries. Alternate names: Taman Dayak, Dayak Taman. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Sulawesi, South Sulawesi, Bugis, Tamanic More information. Tausug [tsg] 12,000 in Indonesia (1981 Wurm and Hattori). Settlements along the coast of northeastern Kalimantan, immigrants from the Sulu Archipelago in the . Alternate names: Taw Sug, Sulu, Suluk, Tausog, Moro Joloano, Sooloo, Taosug, Joloano Sulu. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo- Polynesian, Meso Philippine, Central Philippine, Bisayan, South, Butuan-Tausug More information. Tawoyan [twy] 20,000 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). East Central around Palori. Alternate names: Tawoyan Dayak, Tewoyan, Taboyan, Tabuyan, Tabojan, Tabojan Tongka. Dialects: Lexical similarity 77% with Lawangan, 52% with Dusun Deyah. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo- Polynesian, Barito, East, North More information. Tidong [tid] 15,082 in Indonesia (2000 WCD). Population total all countries: 24,882. Population center is along Sembakung and Sibuka rivers of eastern Kalimantan, coast and islands around and interior, Malinau River. Also spoken in Malaysia (Sabah). Alternate names: Camucones, Tidung, Tedong, Tidoeng, Tiran, Tirones, Tiroon, Zedong. Dialects: Nonukan (Nunukan),

http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=IDK 2/28/2008 Ethnologue report for Indonesia (Kalimantan) Page 15 of 15

Penchangan, Sedalir (Salalir, Sadalir, Saralir, Selalir), Tidung, Tarakan (Terakan), Sesayap (Sesajap), Sibuku. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Northwest, North Sarawakan, Dayic, Murutic, Tidong More information. Tunjung [tjg] 50,000 (1981 Wurm and Hattori). East central, between Adas, Dempar, Melak, and east around the lake; south around Muntaiwan. Alternate names: Tunjung Dayak. Dialects: Tunjung (Tunjung Tengah), Tunjung Londong, Tunjung Linggang, Pahu. Classification: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Barito, Mahakam More information.

This web edition of the Ethnologue contains all the content of the print edition and may be cited as: Gordon, Raymond G., Jr. (ed.), 2005. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Fifteenth edition. Dallas, Tex.: SIL International. Online version: http://www.ethnologue.com/.

http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=IDK 2/28/2008