DOCSLIB.ORG

Zooplankton of Two Arms in the Morava River Floodplain in Slovakia

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Zooplankton of Two Arms in the Morava River Floodplain in Slovakia Biologia, Bratislava, 61/5: 531—539, 2006 Section Zoology DOI: 10.2478/s11756-006-0087-8 Zooplankton of two arms in the Morava River floodplain in Slovakia Marta Illyová Institute of Zoology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9,SK–84506 Bratislava, Slovakia; e-mail: [email protected] Abstract: The species composition, seasonal dynamic of biomass and density of zooplankton were studied in two arms with a different hydrological regime. The samples were collected in two hydrologically different years – extremely wet in 2002 and extremely dry in 2003. In the first arm the mean annual chlorophyll-a concentration was 31.6 µgL−1 (2002) and relatively high 64.7 µgL−1 during 2003. Mean seasonal zooplankton wet biomass was low and varied: 11.6 g m−3 (2002) and 2.93 g m−3 (2003). Total zooplankton density was high (7,370 N L−1) in 2002, when rotifers predominated in an open water zone and contributed up to 81% of the total zooplankton biomass and 83% of the total zooplankton density. In medial and littoral zone, in total, 22 cladoceran and 15 copepod species were identified. In the second arm the mean annual concentration of chlorophyll-a was high: 74.8 µgL−1(2002) and 61.4 µgL−1 (2003). Mean seasonal zooplankton wet biomass varied from 92.5 g m−3 (2002) and 44.10 g m−3 (2003). In 2002 the planktonic crustaceans predominated; their mean biomass was 87.1 gm−3 and B. longirostris formed more than 91% of this value. In 2003, the zooplankton density was high (15,687 N L−1), when rotifers contributed up to 94% of this value. The boom of rotifers (58,740 N L−1) was recorded in June 2003. In total, 45 cladoceran and 14 copepod species were recorded in the medial and littoral zones. During observation we concluded that the structure of zooplankton, particularly species composition, abundance, biomass and seasonal dynamics are affected by the fluctuation of water levels in the arms of the rivers’ inundation areas. This unstable hydrological regime prevented the development of planktonic crustaceans. Key words: River arms, chlorophyll-a, zooplankton, seasonal dynamic, Morava River, Slovakia. Introduction were published only recently (Illyová, 1999; Illyová & Kubíček, 2002; Illyová & Némethová, 2002). The river bodies of the plesiopotamal type are of- The aim of this study is to present the results of ten characterized by a high diversity of planktonic a two-year study of zooplankton in the medial zone: crustaceans (Gulyás, 1994; Bothár, & Ráth, 1994; comparison of species composition, seasonal changes in Hudec, 1999) and high quantitative attributes of zoo- biomass, and density in two arms of a different hydro- plankton. These properties of zooplankton depend on logical regime that are situated in the inundation of the abiotic factors, food resources and also on fish stock Morava River. (Hrbáček, 1962; Brooks & Dodson, 1965). In the floodplain area, floods can affect the composition of Study sites zooplankton of the water bodies. The study of biota in the waters of river inundation areas has a long tradi- Two study areas are situated between Malé Leváre and Stu- Straškraba, tion in the Czech Republic (e.g., 1965; pava villages, between 60 and 12 r. km, respectively, in the Ošmera, 1973; Pechar et al., 1996; Kopecký & Záhorie lowland. Koudelková, 1997). Šrek arm (M1) is a plesiopotamal type of water body Also in Slovakia studies of zooplankton in river (sensu WARD et al., 2002). This side arm is situated near the branches were carried out, namely from the Danube confluence of the Danube and the Morava rivers, abreast of ◦ ◦ River (Vranovský, 1985, 1997) and from the Výcho- river km 11.5–14.5 (48 16 24 N, 16 57 18 E). The arm doslovenská nížina lowland – Uh River basin (Hudec & is 1400 m in length, 60 m width and 1.5 m deep, with Stano, 1997) and the Latorica River (Terek, 1990). gravel ground. The water level depends on the hydrologi- cal conditions of the Morava and Danube rivers and varies The Slovak part of the Morava River floodplain is from 0.0 to 1.5 m. When the water stages (Fig. 1) are over the territory, where the diversity of original aquatic 400 cm – measured at the profile of Záhorská Ves village biotopes has been preserved since World War II. The (by SHMU – Slovak Hydrometerological Institute) – the systematic study of this area began only in 1994 and whole area is flooded. Conversely it dries up when the wa- the first records of zooplankton in the Morava alluvium ter stages are low. Every year the natant vegetation Nuphar c 2006 Institute of Zoology, Slovak Academy of Sciences 532 M. Illyová 450 I 400 350 300 250 200 150 Water stage (cm) stage Water 100 50 0 IV VI VIII X IV VI VIII X 2002 Months 2003 Fig. 1. The water stages measured at the profile of Záhorská Ves village (by SHMU) in 2002 and 2003. Table 1. Mean values of some physical and biological parameters in open water of two arms in production period 2002 and 2003. Sites Šrek arm (M1) Stará Morava arm (M2) Unit Year 2002 2003 2002 2003 Water temperature ( ◦C) 17.3 15.2 15.9 17.4 Oxygen (mg L−1) 5.2 7.1 11 13.4 Chlorophyll-a (µgL−1) 31.6 64.7 74.8 61.4 Rotifera (N L−1) 6,173 1,618 3,189 14,815 Cladocera (N L−1) 7 76 2,081 414 B. longirostris (N L−1) 3.8 65 1,985 324 Copepoda (N L−1) 1,190 1,131 692 458 Total density of zooplankton (N L−1) 7,370 2,824 5,963 15,687 lutea is formed and in marginal parts Phragmites australis column. Zooplankton was concentrated using a phosphor- also forms. bronze sieve (40–50 µm mesh size) and preserved in for- Stará Morava arm (M2) is a plesiopotamal type of malin. Zooplankton density (N L−1) was assessed in a 1- water body – prolonged oxbow lakes, the remnant of a ml Sedgwick-Rafter chamber. Biomass (g m−3)wasestab- river meander, situated at river km 57.0–57.9 (48◦3151 lished as wet weight calculated from the mean recorded N, 16◦5710 E). The arm length is 1,500 m, the width 100 body lengths and from the body length/biomass ratio us- m and the ground is formed by clay with sand. Maximum ing tables compiled from several bibliographic sources by depth can reach 2 m. In the littoral zone submersed vege- MORDUCHA˘I-BOLTOVSKO˘I (1954), ULOMSKI˘I (1951, 1961), tation is formed by the Hydrocharition association; Cerato- NAUWERCK (1963), DUSSART¨ (1966). Frequency of occur- phyllum demersum and Carex sp. were common. The arm is rence was evaluated according to LOSOS et al. (1984). Wa- commonly overflowed in spring and during big floods (Au- ter temperature ( ◦C), oxygen saturation (mg L−1)and gust 2002). chlorophyll-a (chl-a) concentration (µgL−1) were recorded. Oxygen according to the Winkler method was measured. Chl-a, by ISO Standard method (ISO 10260:1992) was mea- Methods sured; phytoplankton, identification and enumeration, was not analysed in detail. The samples were collected during the growing season from Cluster analyses were used to compare the community March (April) to November (December), during the years structure of Cladocera by means of the computer program 2002 and 2003. No samples were collected from the Šrek arm PC ORD (MCCUNE &MEFFORD, 1999). The Jaccard and in 2002 during March, August, and October because the arm Ward’s method, narrow width and double spaced methods was overflowing; and in 2003 during September because the were used. The hierarchical clustering method used the cor- biotope had dried up. relation dissimilarity coefficient on the density of 16 clado- Zooplankton samples for the qualitative analysis were ceran species from the Šrek arm and 21 cladoceran species taken from the open water zone by vertical tows from the from the Stará Morava arm. Cladoceran species detected in bottom of plankton net (60–70 µm mesh size). Complete quantitative samples of the arms’ medial were used as the qualitative zooplankton samples were collected from sev- input data for a cluster analyses. eral littoral locations. At the taxa level all Cladocera and Results Copepoda species were identified; from Rotatoria only the dominant species, found in quantitative samples, were iden- tified. For the quantitative analysis a Patalas type plankton The inundation area of the Morava River is typical for sampler took the samples and 10 L were taken from a water its high water in spring (Fig. 1). Zooplankton in river arms 533 Temperature M1 Temperature M2 Oxygen M1 Oxygen M2 30 16 ) C) 14 -1 o 25 12 20 10 15 8 10 6 4 5 2 L Oxygen (mg Temperature ( Temperature 0 0 4.9. 27.3. 24.4. 14.5. 11.6. 27.6. 23.7. 30.9. 4.12. 20.3. 16.4. 14.5. 16.6. 24.7. 18.8. 22.9. 23.10. 13.11. 2002 2003 Fig. 2. Seasonal changes of water temperature and oxygen in Šrek arm (M1) and Stará Morava arm (M2) in 2002 and 2003. 70 300 60 250 ) ) -1 -3 50 200 40 150 30 100 20 Zooplankton (g m (g Zooplankton 10 50 Chlorophyll- a (µg L 0 0 4.9. 24.4. 13.5. 12.6. 27.6. 23.7. 30.9. 4.12. 20.3. 16.4. 14.5. 16.6. 24.7. 18.8. 22.9. 23.10. 13.11. 2002 2003 Rotatoria Cladocera Copepoda Chlo-a Fig.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Rivers and Lakes in Serbia
    NATIONAL TOURISM ORGANISATION OF SERBIA Čika Ljubina 8, 11000 Belgrade Phone: +381 11 6557 100 Rivers and Lakes Fax: +381 11 2626 767 E-mail: [email protected] www.serbia.travel Tourist Information Centre and Souvenir Shop Tel : +381 11 6557 127 in Serbia E-mail: [email protected] NATIONAL TOURISM ORGANISATION OF SERBIA www.serbia.travel Rivers and Lakes in Serbia PALIĆ LAKE BELA CRKVA LAKES LAKE OF BOR SILVER LAKE GAZIVODE LAKE VLASINA LAKE LAKES OF THE UVAC RIVER LIM RIVER DRINA RIVER SAVA RIVER ADA CIGANLIJA LAKE BELGRADE DANUBE RIVER TIMOK RIVER NIŠAVA RIVER IBAR RIVER WESTERN MORAVA RIVER SOUTHERN MORAVA RIVER GREAT MORAVA RIVER TISA RIVER MORE RIVERS AND LAKES International Border Monastery Provincial Border UNESKO Cultural Site Settlement Signs Castle, Medieval Town Archeological Site Rivers and Lakes Roman Emperors Route Highway (pay toll, enterance) Spa, Air Spa One-lane Highway Rural tourism Regional Road Rafting International Border Crossing Fishing Area Airport Camp Tourist Port Bicycle trail “A river could be an ocean, if it doubled up – it has in itself so much enormous, eternal water ...” Miroslav Antić - serbian poet Photo-poetry on the rivers and lakes of Serbia There is a poetic image saying that the wide lowland of The famous Viennese waltz The Blue Danube by Johann Vojvodina in the north of Serbia reminds us of a sea during Baptist Strauss, Jr. is known to have been composed exactly the night, under the splendor of the stars. There really used to on his journey down the Danube, the river that connects 10 be the Pannonian Sea, but had flowed away a long time ago.
    [Show full text]
  • Investing to Integrate Europe & Ensure Security of Supply PE
    11/20/2014 Public enterprise "Electric power industry of Serbia" Europe‘s 8th energy region: Investing to integrate Europe & ensure security of supply Brussels, 19th November 2014 PE EPS is nearly a sole player in the Serbian electricity market Hydro power 2,835 MW plants Thermal power 5,171 MW* 3,936 MW** plants Combined heat and power 353 MW plants Total 8,359 MW* 7,124 MW** Electricity 37.5 TWh** Production Number of 3.5 mil ** customers Number of 33,335** employees Last power plant built in 1991. *With K&M ** Without K&M, end of 2013 As of June 1999 PE EPS does not operate its Kosovo and Metohija capacities (K&M) 2 1 11/20/2014 EPS facing 1200MW capacity decommissioning until 2025 Due to aging fleet and strict EU environmental regulations1 Net available EPS generation capacity, MW Successful negotiation about 8,000 -1,218 MW LCPD and IED implementation 20 eased the timing of lignite 7,239 25 111 decommissioning 208 210 630 100 6,021 6,000 20 25 280 Old gas-fired CHP capacity decommissioning 612 • Current Novi Sad gas/oil CHP (210 MW) and EPS small HPPs 1,200 Zrenjanin gas/oil CHP (111 MW) to terminate CHP SREMSKA MITROVICA - 321 MW 1,230 production CHP ZRENJANIN 4,000 CHP NOVI SAD 1,560 TPP MORAVA Old lignite-fired capacity decommissioning 1,239 (capacities to be closed in 2023 latest and to operate TPP KOLUBARA 211 20ths hours in total between 2018-20231) 211 TPP KOSTOLAC B TPP KOSTOLAC A 1,126 • Kolubara A1-3, A5 (208 MW) 1,126 2,000 • Nikola Tesla A1-2 (360 MW) TPP NIKOLA TESLA B • Kostolac A1-2 (280 MW) TPP NIKOLA TESLA A HPP
    [Show full text]
  • Morava River Basin (Slovakia)
    WWF Water and Wetland Index –Critical issues in water policy across Europe November 2003 Results overview for the Morava river basin (Slovakia) This fact sheet summarises the results of the Water and Wetland Index for the Slovakian part of the Morava river basin. Information about the project and the different issues presented in this fact sheet can be found in the WWF Report “Water and Wetland Index - Critical issues in water policy across Europe” (2003). Water Resources in the Slovakian Morava Some 2,227 km2 out of the total 26,658 km2 of the Morava river basin belong to the Slovak republic on its lowermost course. The river itself is a boundary river with the Czech republic and then, on the very Poland lower course, with Austria. The Slovakian stretch has a length of 114 Czech Republic km and a mean annual discharge of 120 m3/s. The area of the river basin is mainly used for agricultural purposes, while forests are in marginal mountain ranges (Little Carpathians and White Carpathians) and partly also in the central flat part. Most of the basin has a lowland Slovakia Ukraine character. Austria Hungary Romania Application of Integrated River Basin Management principles Public participation in water management Information provision Most of the available information is presented in adequate language and form, though its level of Existence of detail should be improved in some aspects. There is relatively good potential for being informed, 1 but information flow towards some stakeholders (environmental NGOs) is sometimes found to be arrangements insufficient. Adequacy2 Public consultation The law provides the legal framework for most of the stakeholders (industry, water supply, Existence of farmers) to be consulted on specific documents in the decision-making process.
    [Show full text]
  • Evaluation of Wetlands and Floodplain Areas in the Danube River Basin Final Report May 1999
    DANUBE POLLUTION REDUCTION PROGRAMME EVALUATION OF WETLANDS AND FLOODPLAIN AREAS IN THE DANUBE RIVER BASIN FINAL REPORT MAY 1999 Programme Coordination Unit UNDP/GEF Assistance prepared by WWF Danube-Carpathian-Programme and WWF-Auen-Institut (Germany) DANUBE POLLUTION REDUCTION PROGRAMME EVALUATION OF WETLANDS AND FLOODPLAIN AREAS IN THE DANUBE RIVER BASIN FINAL REPORT MAY 1999 Programme Coordination Unit UNDP/GEF Assistance prepared by WWF Danube-Carpathian-Programme and WWF-Auen-Institut (Germany) Preface The "Evaluation of Wetlands and Flkoodplain Areas in the Danube River Basin" study was prepared in the frame of the Danube Pollution Reduction Programme (PRP). The Study has been undertaken to define priority wetland and floodplain rehabilitation sites as a component of the Pollution reduction Programme. The present report addresses the identification of former floodplains and wetlands in the Danube River Basin, as well as the description of the current status and evaluation of the ecological importance of the potential for rehabilitation. Based on this evaluation, 17 wetland/floodplain sites have been identified for rehabilitation considering their ecological importance, their nutrient removal capacity and their role in flood protection. Most of the identified wetlands will require transboundary cooperation and represent an important first step in retoring the ecological balance in the Danube River Basin. The results are presented in the form of thematic maps that can be found in Annex I of the study. The study was prepared by the WWF-Danube-Carpathian-Programme and the WWF-Auen-Institut (Institute for Floodplains Ecology, WWF-Germany), under the guidance of the UNDP/GEF team of experts of the Danube Programme Coordination Unit (DPCU) in Vienna, Austria.
    [Show full text]
  • Hic Sunt Leones? the Morava Valley Region During the Early Middle Ages: the Bilateral Mobility Project Between Slovakia and Austria
    Volume VIII ● Issue 1/2017 ● Pages 99–104 INTERDISCIPLINARIA ARCHAEOLOGICA NATURAL SCIENCES IN ARCHAEOLOGY homepage: http://www.iansa.eu VIII/1/2017 A look at the region Hic sunt leones? The Morava Valley Region During the Early Middle Ages: The Bilateral Mobility Project between Slovakia and Austria Mária Hajnalováa*, Stefan Eichertb, Jakub Tamaškoviča, Nina Brundkeb, Judith Benedixb, Noémi Beljak Pažinováa, Dominik Repkaa aDepartment of Archaeology, Faculty of Arts, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Štefánikova 67, 949 74 Nitra, Slovakia bDepartment of Prehistory and Historical Archaeology, Faculty of Historical and Cultural Studies at the University of Vienna, Franz-Klein-Gasse 1, 1190 Wien, Austria ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article history: Cross-border cooperation is very important for understanding the cultural-historical development of Received: 25th January 2017 the border regions of modern day states. These areas, today, are often considered as “peripheries”. Accepted: 20th June 2017 However, in the past they usually had a very different function and status. This article introduces one bilateral mobility project between the archaeological departments at the University of Vienna DOI: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.24916/iansa.2017.1.7 and the Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, aimed at facilitating more focused early medieval archaeological research in the region along the lower stretches of the Morava River. The Key words: article introduces the region, its history and state of research and describes the role of the project, the bilateral project team and the project results obtained up to date. Early Medieval Period Slovakia Austria cross-border cooperation 1. Introduction with the cultural and historical developments of the early medieval period, but all are based on data almost exclusively “Hic sunt leones” is a two-year bilateral mobility project either from Slovakia or from Austria (cf.
    [Show full text]
  • Water Quality in the Danube River Basin
    Water Quality in the Danube River Basin - 2016 TNMN – Yearbook 2016 ICPDR / International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River / www.icpdr.org Imprint Published by: ICPDR – International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River Overall coordination and preparation of the TNMN Yearbook and database in 2017 & 2018: Lea Mrafkova, Slovak Hydrometeorological Institute, Bratislava in cooperation with the Monitoring and Assessment Expert Group of the ICPDR. Editor: Igor Liska, ICPDR Secretariat © ICPDR 2018 Contact ICPDR Secretariat Vienna International Centre / D0412 P.O. Box 500 / 1400 Vienna / Austria T: +43 (1) 26060-5738 / F: +43 (1) 26060-5895 [email protected] / www.icpdr.org ICPDR / International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River / www.icpdr.org Table of content 1. Introduction 4 1.1 History of the TNMN 4 1.2 Revision of the TNMN to meet the objectives of EU WFD 4 2. Description of the TNMN Surveillance Monitoring II: Monitoring of specific pressures 5 2.1 Objectives 5 2.2 Selection of monitoring sites 5 2.3 Quality elements 10 2.3.1 Priority pollutants and parameters indicative of general physico-chemical quality elements 10 2.4 Analytical Quality Control (AQC) 11 2.5 TNMN Data Management 12 3. Results of basic statistical processing 13 4. Profiles and trend assessment of selected determinands 16 4.1 Mercury in fish 33 4.2 Macrozoobenthos saprobic index 36 4.3 Sava and Tisza Rivers 37 5. Load Assssment 40 5.1 Introduction 40 5.2 Description of load assessment procedure 40 5.3 Monitoring Data in 2016 40 5.4 Calculation Procedure 42 5.5 Results 44 6.
    [Show full text]
  • River and Environmental Processes in the Wetland Restoration of the Morava River
    Transactions on Ecology and the Environment vol 50, © 2001 WIT Press, www.witpress.com, ISSN 1743-3541 River and environmental processes in the wetland restoration of the Morava river K. ~olubova'8: M. J. ~isickJ '~~drologyDepartment, Water Research Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia 2~~~~~~o~l~gyand Monitoring Department, Institute of Zoology SAS, Bratislava, Slovakia Abstract fiver engineering works and other man-induced changes may adversely affect natural character of the river system. In many cases they have caused major morphological and ecological instability problems which can seriously impair the conservation and amenity value of the riverine environment. The results of two projects focused at the restoration of the Morava wetland ecosystem are presented in this paper. Impact of the river regulation is analysed on the basis of defined river processes and ecology evaluation. Monitoring of biotic and abiotic changes provided background information for evaluation of efficiency of the former meander's restoration. As implemented restoration measures were not so effective as it was expected some alternatives of improvements are discussed with regard to the results of field observations, numerical and physical modeling. An optimal solution to protect the oxbow system against successive degradation and restore some extinct river functions is presented. 1 Introduction The Morava river is one of the largest Danube tributaries. The lower part of the Morava basin creates a natural wetland ecosystem with valuable floodplain landscape, which is unique in Central Europe. lkspart of the river floodplain is bordered by the Dyje river, which is the main tributary of the Morava river and by confluence with the Danube river.
    [Show full text]
  • Modelling the Environmental Concerns of Constructing the Danube-Morava-Vardar-Thessaloniki Canal Using General Morphological Analysis
    Journal of Sustainable Development of Transport and Logistics journal home page: https://jsdtl.sciview.net Hussain, N., Jovanović Popović, D., & Milinčić, M. (2018). Modelling the environmental Scientific Platform concerns of constructing the Danube-Morava-Vardar-Thessaloniki Canal using General Morphological Analysis. Journal of Sustainable Development of Transport and Logistics, 4(1), 6-16. doi:10.14254/jsdtl.2019.4-1.1. ISSN 2520-2979 Modelling the environmental concerns of constructing the Danube-Morava-Vardar-Thessaloniki Canal using General Morphological Analysis Nasir Hussain *, Dejana Jovanović Popović ** , Miroljub Milinčić *** * Strategy Foresight Ltd, c/o: Bulman A Husain & Co, 258 Merton Road, London SW18 5JL, United Kingdom [email protected] ** Faculty of Security Studies, University of Belgrade, 50 Gospodara Vučića St., 11000 Belgrade, Serbia [email protected] *** Faculty of Geography, University of Belgrade, 3/III Studentski trg, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia [email protected] Abstract: The problem structuring method of General Morphological Analysis was used to explore the factors and uncertainties to be considered in the proposed building of a Article history: canal linking the Morava and Vardar Rivers, which in recent Received: January 28, 2019 years has taken on greater importance given its possible link in 1st Revision: February 19, China’s one belt initiative. Facilitated workshop sessions 2019 identified five main factors – investors, risks, the motivation to Accepted: March 29, 2019 invest, type of investment and long-term benefits – and 19 conditional states resulting in 1440 unique scenarios. Using specialist software and input from subject matter specialists DOI: from the fields of geography, environment and security, 81 10.14254/jsdtl.2019.4-1.1 scenarios were isolated.
    [Show full text]
  • Traditional Agriculture and Rural Living in Croatia: Compatible with the New Common Agricultural Policy?
    Traditional Agriculture and Rural Living in Croatia: Compatible with the new Common Agricultural Policy? by Katarina Laura Dominkovi A dissertation submitted to the faculty of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Anthropology Chapel Hill 2007 Approved by Carole Crumley, Advisor Glenn Hinson, Reader Paul Leslie, Reader Silvia Tomášková, Reader Bruce Winterhalder, Reader UMI Number: 3257567 UMI Microform 3257567 Copyright 2007 by ProQuest Information and Learning Company. All rights reserved. This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest Information and Learning Company 300 North Zeeb Road P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, MI 48106-1346 © 2007 Katarina Laura Dominkovi ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT KATARINA LAURA DOMINKOVI4: Traditional Agriculture and Rural Living in Croatia: Compatible with the new Common Agricultural Policy? (Under the direction of Carole L. Crumley) This research explores the issues of family farming and sustainable practices at two levels. On one level, it compares and contrasts the sustainable farming practices of farming families in Štitar, Croatia with the smallholders as described by the theory of cultural ecology. On another level, it contrasts the European Union’s (EU) Common Agricultural Policy’s (CAP) vision of sustainability to that posited by cultural ecologists and it seeks to understand the reaction of Štitar farmers to the CAP. My research goal is to explore how the social, economic and environmental health and status of the village, which is influenced by local traditional ethics and agricultural practices, fits with the CAP goals of rural preservation and agricultural sustainability.
    [Show full text]
  • Report No. 25 GIS-Related Monthly Balance of Water Availability And
    Weltdatenzentrum Abfluss Global Runoff Data Centre (GRDC) Bundesanstalt für Gewässerkunde Federal Institute of Hydrology (BfG) Koblenz, Deutschland Koblenz, Germany Report No. 25 GIS-related monthly Balance of Water Availability and Water Demand In Large River Basins Case study for the River Danube Irina Dornblut June 2000 P.O.Box 20 02 53 Am Mainzer Tor 1 D-56002 Koblenz D-56068 Koblenz Phone: (49 261) 1306-5224; Fax: (49 261) 1306-5280; E-Mail: [email protected];http://www.bafg.de/grdc.htm GIS-RELATED BALANCE OF WATER AVAILABILITY AND WATER DEMAND IN LARGE RIVER BASINS , CASE STUDY FOR THE RIVER DANUBE Table of contents Summary 1 Introduction 2 Background 3 Objectives 4 Challenges of balancing water availability versus demand in large river basins 5 Basic features of the program system ArcGRM 6 Pilot study: Water-management balance of the River Danube 6.1 Hydrological input data 6.2 Anthropogenic impacts on the hydrological system 6.3 Definition of water demands 6.4 ArcGRM Danube model set-up 6.5 Outputs and scenario computations 7 Discussion 8 Outlook 9 References and recommended reading Figures Tables 2 GIS-RELATED BALANCE OF WATER AVAILABILITY AND WATER DEMAND IN LARGE RIVER BASINS , CASE STUDY FOR THE RIVER DANUBE List of Figures Figure 1 Flow-chart of the water-resources balance with the program system ArcGRM (WASY GMBH 1999) Figure 2 Long-term mean streamflow along the River Danube Figure 3 Mean streamflow at major gauges on the Danube Figure 4 The main tributaries to the River Danube Figure 5 Mean streamflow and mean discharge per
    [Show full text]
  • Country Compendium
    Country Compendium A companion to the English Style Guide July 2021 Translation © European Union, 2011, 2021. The reproduction and reuse of this document is authorised, provided the sources and authors are acknowledged and the original meaning or message of the texts are not distorted. The right holders and authors shall not be liable for any consequences stemming from the reuse. CONTENTS Introduction ...............................................................................1 Austria ......................................................................................3 Geography ................................................................................................................... 3 Judicial bodies ............................................................................................................ 4 Legal instruments ........................................................................................................ 5 Government bodies and administrative divisions ....................................................... 6 Law gazettes, official gazettes and official journals ................................................... 6 Belgium .....................................................................................9 Geography ................................................................................................................... 9 Judicial bodies .......................................................................................................... 10 Legal instruments .....................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • West Morava and Tamis Sub-River Basins Infrastructure Programme for Integrated Water Management
    West Morava and Tamis Sub-River Basins Infrastructure Programme for Integrated Water Management Project Financing WBIF Grant WB18-SRB-ENV-02 € 1,200,000 Other Sources Other Sources € 46,400,000 EIB Loan € 56,000,000 National contribution Own Contribution € 9,300,000 Total € 112,900,000 Total Grants € 1,200,000 Total Loans € 56,000,000 Project Description The Republic of Serbia is facing severe challenges related to frequent flood events affecting the great part of the territory. In the last 10 years, four (4) extreme high-water level occurrence on the various water streams affected different areas, caused the loss of human lives, great material and environmental damage. Significant flood events happened in years 2006 and 2013 within Danube river basin, in the year 2006 within the basin of the rivers Tisza and Tamiš, 2010 in the Morava river basin and within the various sub-catchments in the south of Serbia. The most severe flood event with catastrophic consequences happened in May 2014 Due to extreme hydro-meteorological conditions flooding happened within the protected areas in the sub-catchments of the rivers Sava, Drina, West Morava, and Great Morava. Infrastructure program for integrated water management in West Morava and Tamiš sub-river basins should phase out the problems of protection against harmful effects of water, environmental protection and spatial planning in an integral manner. A large number of inhabitants are at risk on these basins of floods and other residual risks. The overall objective of the Infrastructure program is improving the quality of life of citizens by enhancing water management in the part of the Republic of Serbia for more than 400,000 citizens.
    [Show full text]