Floodplain Assessment on Selected Tributaries

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Floodplain Assessment on Selected Tributaries Danube Floodplain A 3.3 Floodplain assessment on selected tributaries D 3.3.1 Map of floodplains on selected tributaries D 3.3.2 List of floodplains, their characteristics, restoration/preservation potential and associated measures D 3.3.3 Recommendations for floodplain assessment on tributaries including the description of implemented methods and classification criteria October 26, 2020 Activity Leader: DRSV – Slovenian Water Agency, Ljubljana, Slovenia WP WP3: Floodplain evaluation Activity Activity 3.3 Deliverable D 3.3.1 Map of floodplains on selected tributaries D 3.3.2 List of floodplains, their characteristics, restoration/preservation potential and associated D 3.3.3 Recommendations for floodplain assessment on tributaries including the description of implemented methods and classification criteria Activity-leader DRSV Deliverable prepared by Jurij Krajčič, Marjan Jarnjak, DRSV Involved partners All partners from the countries with pre- selected tributaries – VUVH, MRBA, KOTIVIZIG, JCI, CW, MWF, NARW, NIHWM, DRBD, USZ and BOKU Connection with other deliverables/outputs WP5 2 Table of Contents 1. Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 8 2. Map of floodplains on selected tributaries ..................................................................................... 10 2.1. Methodology ......................................................................................................................... 10 2.1.1. Krka .................................................................................................................................... 10 2.1.2. Yantra ................................................................................................................................ 21 2.1.3. Desnăţui ............................................................................................................................. 27 2.1.4. Morava .............................................................................................................................. 30 2.1.5. Tisza (HU) ........................................................................................................................... 34 2.1.6. Tisa (RS) ............................................................................................................................. 38 2.1.7. Sava (RS) ............................................................................................................................ 41 2.2. Results ................................................................................................................................... 46 2.2.1. Krka .................................................................................................................................... 46 2.2.2. Yantra ................................................................................................................................ 48 2.2.3. Desnăţui ............................................................................................................................. 49 2.2.4. Tisza (HU) ........................................................................................................................... 50 2.2.5. Tisa (RS) ............................................................................................................................. 51 2.2.6. Morava .............................................................................................................................. 52 2.2.7. Sava (HR) ............................................................................................................................ 54 2.2.8. Sava (RS) ............................................................................................................................ 55 3. List of floodplains, their characteristics, restoration/preservation potential and associated measures 56 3.1. Methodology ......................................................................................................................... 56 3.2. Floodplain evaluation, classification and ranking on tributaries .............................................. 58 3.2.1. Krka .................................................................................................................................... 59 3.2.2. Yantra ................................................................................................................................ 64 3.2.3. Desnăţui ............................................................................................................................. 64 3.2.4. Tisza (HU) ........................................................................................................................... 65 3.2.5. Tisa (RS) ............................................................................................................................. 66 3.2.6. Morava .............................................................................................................................. 68 3.2.7. Sava (HR) ............................................................................................................................ 69 3.2.8. Sava (RS) ............................................................................................................................ 70 3.3. Final Ranking .......................................................................................................................... 72 3.3.1. Krka .................................................................................................................................... 73 3.3.2. Yantra ................................................................................................................................ 73 3.3.3. Desnăţui ............................................................................................................................. 74 3.3.4. Tisza (HU) ........................................................................................................................... 74 3 3.3.5. Tisa (RS) ............................................................................................................................. 74 3.3.6. Morava .............................................................................................................................. 75 3.3.7. Sava (HR) ............................................................................................................................ 75 3.3.8. Sava (RS) ............................................................................................................................ 75 3.4. Analysis of the results ............................................................................................................ 75 4. Recommendations for floodplain assessment on tributaries including the description of implemented methods and classification criteria ........................................................................................................ 77 3.5.1 Krka (Floodplain Krakovski gozd – Kostanjevica na Krki) ...................................................... 78 3.5.2 Desnatui (Floodplain Bistret on the Danube junction area) ................................................. 78 3.5.3 Tisza (HU) ........................................................................................................................... 78 3.5.4 Morava .............................................................................................................................. 79 3.5.5 Yantra ................................................................................................................................ 80 3.5.6 Sava and Tisa (RS) ............................................................................................................... 80 5. Conclusions ................................................................................................................................... 81 6. Sources .......................................................................................................................................... 83 4 Table of Figures Figure 1: Danube river basin with the six selected tributaries .................................................................. 9 Figure 2: Krka river basin ....................................................................................................................... 11 Figure 3: Krka river basin Gauging stations in the Krka river basin .......................................................... 12 Figure 4: Hydrography of the Krka river basin with indicated main directions of subsurface karstic flow 13 Figure 5: Locations of applied hydrographs for the modeling domain 1 – Floodplain SLO1 (Soteska) and Floodplain SLO2 (Prečna) ....................................................................................................................... 14 Figure 6: Applied hydrograph for the inflow 1 – Soteska – Krka, actual flood plains (AF) (Qn100) – narrow type (small volume) flood wave was used .............................................................................................. 14 Figure 7: Applied hydrograph for the inflow 2 – Radeščica, actual flood plains (AF) (Qn100) – narrow type (small volume) flood wave was used ..................................................................................................... 15 Figure 8: Applied hydrograph for the inflow 3 – Prečna, actual flood plains (AF) (Qn100)– narrow type
Recommended publications
  • Vegetation FORESTS
    CROATIA Climate and vegetation Geographic position of Croatia- Central European-mediterranean country Basic information about Croatia The land area 56594 km2 The teriritorial waters 31.067 km2 Lenght of coast 1777 km Number of islands, islets and reefs 1185 The highest point above the sea level 1831 m Number of countys 21 Number of cities and municiplalities 127 - 429 Population 4.290.612 Population on km2 78,1 Number of inhabited islands 48 Language Croatian Script Latin Political system Parliamentary democracy GDP per capita in 2012 10203 Breaking up Croatia into Counties Natural-geographic areas of Croatia Panonian-peripanonian region(includes 55% of the territory and 66% of the population) Mediterranean or Croatian coastal region(includes 31% of the territory and 31% of the population) Mountainous or Dinaric region (includes 14% of the territory and 3% of the population) Climate Climactic characteristics of Croatia are a result of its location in the mid-latitude, the influence of the Mediterranean and Atlantic seas as well as the shape and relief (mountains along the coast and Panonian plain). - moderate continental climate - Mediterranean climate - mountainous climate Vegetation FORESTS (climazonal vegetation) Mediterannean region covers approximately 40% of Croatia’s surface, here we find 17 forest communities; Eurosiberian-North American region covers about 60% of Croatia’s surface, where there are 45 forest communities. NON-FOREST VEGETATION Created by human activity – lawns, meadows, pastures, underbrush Spatial distribution
    [Show full text]
  • Final Report Land Use Analyses
    The relevance of farming and farmland for maintaining the landscape and biodiversity of the Sava floodplains Final report of Task C of the Life 3 rd countries project Protection of Biodiversity of the Sava River Basin Floodplains Wageningen International December 2009 WageningenInternational The relevance of farming and farmland for maintaining the landscape and biodiversity of the Sava floodplains Final report of Task C of the Life 3 rd Countries Program Protection of Biodiversity of the Sava River Basin Floodplain (LIFE06 TCY INT 246 ) The following report is based on the reports of the Land Use Working Group The editors of the three country reports are: Croatia- Ivana Ilijas, Jasna Jeremic, Andreja Ribaric State Institute for Nature Protection of Croatia Serbia- Alen Kis, Laslo Galambos, Dejan Bakovic, Klara Szabados and Milos Vukelic; Institute for Nature Conservation Serbia Bosnia and Herzegovia- Tihomir Predic- Agricultural Institute Banja Luka ABSTRACT Author(s) Zingstra, Henk ( final edit), Alen Kis, Andreja Ribaric, Dejan Bakovic, Ivana Ilijas, Jasna Jeremic, Laslo Galambos, Klara Szabados, Milos Vukelic, Tihomir Predic ; The relevance of farmland and farming for the protection of the landscape and biodiversity of the Sava Floodplains, Final Report of Task C of the EU-LIFE06 TCY INT 246 Project. Photos: Institute for Nature Conservation of Croatia, Agricultural Institute Banja Luka. Keywords: Land use, agriculture, agri environment, flood protection, nature conservation. © 2009 Wageningen International P.O. Box 88; 6700 AB Wageningen; The Netherlands No part of this publication may be reproduced or published in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system without the written permission of Wageningen International.
    [Show full text]
  • Rivers and Lakes in Serbia
    NATIONAL TOURISM ORGANISATION OF SERBIA Čika Ljubina 8, 11000 Belgrade Phone: +381 11 6557 100 Rivers and Lakes Fax: +381 11 2626 767 E-mail: [email protected] www.serbia.travel Tourist Information Centre and Souvenir Shop Tel : +381 11 6557 127 in Serbia E-mail: [email protected] NATIONAL TOURISM ORGANISATION OF SERBIA www.serbia.travel Rivers and Lakes in Serbia PALIĆ LAKE BELA CRKVA LAKES LAKE OF BOR SILVER LAKE GAZIVODE LAKE VLASINA LAKE LAKES OF THE UVAC RIVER LIM RIVER DRINA RIVER SAVA RIVER ADA CIGANLIJA LAKE BELGRADE DANUBE RIVER TIMOK RIVER NIŠAVA RIVER IBAR RIVER WESTERN MORAVA RIVER SOUTHERN MORAVA RIVER GREAT MORAVA RIVER TISA RIVER MORE RIVERS AND LAKES International Border Monastery Provincial Border UNESKO Cultural Site Settlement Signs Castle, Medieval Town Archeological Site Rivers and Lakes Roman Emperors Route Highway (pay toll, enterance) Spa, Air Spa One-lane Highway Rural tourism Regional Road Rafting International Border Crossing Fishing Area Airport Camp Tourist Port Bicycle trail “A river could be an ocean, if it doubled up – it has in itself so much enormous, eternal water ...” Miroslav Antić - serbian poet Photo-poetry on the rivers and lakes of Serbia There is a poetic image saying that the wide lowland of The famous Viennese waltz The Blue Danube by Johann Vojvodina in the north of Serbia reminds us of a sea during Baptist Strauss, Jr. is known to have been composed exactly the night, under the splendor of the stars. There really used to on his journey down the Danube, the river that connects 10 be the Pannonian Sea, but had flowed away a long time ago.
    [Show full text]
  • Investing to Integrate Europe & Ensure Security of Supply PE
    11/20/2014 Public enterprise "Electric power industry of Serbia" Europe‘s 8th energy region: Investing to integrate Europe & ensure security of supply Brussels, 19th November 2014 PE EPS is nearly a sole player in the Serbian electricity market Hydro power 2,835 MW plants Thermal power 5,171 MW* 3,936 MW** plants Combined heat and power 353 MW plants Total 8,359 MW* 7,124 MW** Electricity 37.5 TWh** Production Number of 3.5 mil ** customers Number of 33,335** employees Last power plant built in 1991. *With K&M ** Without K&M, end of 2013 As of June 1999 PE EPS does not operate its Kosovo and Metohija capacities (K&M) 2 1 11/20/2014 EPS facing 1200MW capacity decommissioning until 2025 Due to aging fleet and strict EU environmental regulations1 Net available EPS generation capacity, MW Successful negotiation about 8,000 -1,218 MW LCPD and IED implementation 20 eased the timing of lignite 7,239 25 111 decommissioning 208 210 630 100 6,021 6,000 20 25 280 Old gas-fired CHP capacity decommissioning 612 • Current Novi Sad gas/oil CHP (210 MW) and EPS small HPPs 1,200 Zrenjanin gas/oil CHP (111 MW) to terminate CHP SREMSKA MITROVICA - 321 MW 1,230 production CHP ZRENJANIN 4,000 CHP NOVI SAD 1,560 TPP MORAVA Old lignite-fired capacity decommissioning 1,239 (capacities to be closed in 2023 latest and to operate TPP KOLUBARA 211 20ths hours in total between 2018-20231) 211 TPP KOSTOLAC B TPP KOSTOLAC A 1,126 • Kolubara A1-3, A5 (208 MW) 1,126 2,000 • Nikola Tesla A1-2 (360 MW) TPP NIKOLA TESLA B • Kostolac A1-2 (280 MW) TPP NIKOLA TESLA A HPP
    [Show full text]
  • Aquatic Molluscs of the Mrežnica River
    NAT. CROAT. VOL. 28 No 1 99-106 ZAGREB June 30, 2019 original scientific paper / izvorni znanstveni rad DOI 10.20302/NC.2019.28.9 AQUATIC MOLLUSCS OF THE MREŽNICA RIVER Luboš Beran Nature Conservation Agency of the Czech Republic, Regional Office Kokořínsko – Máchův kraj Protected Landscape Area Administration, Česká 149, CZ–276 01 Mělník, Czech Republic (e-mail: [email protected]) Beran, L.: Aquatic molluscs of the Mrežnica River. Nat. Croat. Vol. 28, No. 1., 99-106, Zagreb, 2019. Results of a malacological survey of the Mrežnica River are presented. The molluscan assemblages of this river between the boundary of the Eugen Kvarternik military area and the inflow to the Korana River near Karlovac were studied from 2013 to 2018. Altogether 29 aquatic molluscs (19 gastropods, 10 bivalves) were found at 9 sites. Theodoxus danubialis, Esperiana esperi, Microcolpia daudebartii and Holandriana holandrii were dominant at most of the sites. The molluscan assemblages were very similar to assemblages documented during previous research into the Korana River. The populations of the endangered bivalves Unio crassus and Pseudanodonta complanata were recorded. An extensive population of another endangered gastropod Anisus vorticulus was found at one site. Physa acuta is the only non-native species confirmed in the Mrežnica River. Key words: Mollusca, Unio crassus, Anisus vorticulus, Mrežnica, faunistic, Croatia Beran, L.: Vodeni mekušci rijeke Mrežnice. Nat. Croat. Vol. 28, No. 1., 99-106, Zagreb, 2019. U radu su predstavljeni rezultati malakološkog istraživanja rijeke Mrežnice. Sastav mekušaca ove rijeke proučavan je na području od Vojnog poligona Eugen Kvarternik do njenog utoka u Koranu blizu Karlovca, u razdoblju 2013.
    [Show full text]
  • Article N° 09 Conf. CM², Split, Croatie, 2017
    Conférence Méditerranéenne Côtière et Maritime EDITION 4, SPLIT, CROATIA (2017) Coastal and Maritime Mediterranean Conference Disponible en ligne – http://www.paralia.fr – Available online Adriatic karstic estuaries, their characteristics and evolution Mladen JURAČIĆ 1 1. University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, Department of Geology, Horvatovac 102a, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia. [email protected] Abstract: The coastal area of the eastern Adriatic is characterized with a prevalence of carbonate rocks and well-developed karst. Present freshwater input into the Adriatic is quite large, mostly through coastal and submarine springs. However, there are also a number of rivers debouching in the Adriatic from the eastern coast. Most of them have canyon like fluviokarstic valleys that were carved dominantly during Pleistocene and were drowned during post-LGM sea-level rise forming estuaries. These estuaries are filled to a different extent during Holocene highstand (last 7.500 years). The intraestuarine delta progradation is rather different in those estuaries depending on the quantity of the river- borne material. Human impact on progradation rate in some of the estuaries has been shown. Keywords: Estuaries, Sedimentation, Intraestuarine delta, Progradation, Allogenic river, Anthopo- genic influence. https://dx.doi.org/10.5150/cmcm.2017.009 45 Mediterranean rocky coasts: Features, processes, evolution and problems 1. Introduction Eastern Adriatic coastal area is formed predominantly in Mesozoic carbonate rocks with well-developed karst (PIKELJ & JURAČIĆ, 2013). Due to prevalent humid climatic conditions and karst maturation present freshwater input into the Adriatic is large, mostly through coastal and submarine springs (vruljas). However, there are also a number of rivers debouching into the Adriatic.
    [Show full text]
  • Auf Dem Weg Zu Neuen Ufern: Naturschutz an Der Unteren Donau in Den Beiden EU-Beitrittsländern Rumänien Und Bulgarien
    Auf dem Weg zu neuen Ufern: Naturschutz an der Unteren Donau in den beiden EU-Beitrittsländern Rumänien und Bulgarien Cross-border conservation and restoration along the Lower Danube Green Corridor, Romania-Bulgaria Final Project Report DBU Az 23839 17 February 2012 Project Team WWF Germany Martin Geiger Erika Schneider Karl Gutzweiler Dorothea August † Georg Rast WWF Bulgaria Ivan Hristov Stoyan Mihov Maya Todorova WWF Romania Orieta Hulea Camelia Ionescu Iulia Puiu Project partners Rusenski Lom Nature Park Bulgarian Nature Parks Association Friends of Rusenski Lom NGO Danube Delta National Institute Tulcea Romanian Ornithological Society National Museum of Natural History „Grigore Antipa“ Environmental Protection Agency Giurgiu GiurgiuForestryDistrict Consultants: Doina Cioaca Svetoslav Cheshmedzhiev Table of content Introduction 7 Major Achievements of the project 8 Project structure and management 9 Project Progress and deliverables 11 Recommendations for future actions 16 Figures and tables: Figure 1: Project area 9 Figure 2: Project structure 9 Table 1: Project progress 11 Annexes 1 to 12: see table 1 on page 11/12, on CD attached Appendixes: Appendix 1: Annual report 2011 Appendix 2: DBU project presentation on final event in May 2011 attached (Annex 8-5) Introduction The Lower Danube Green Corridor is the most ambitious wetland protection and restoration initiative in Europe. After squeezing through the Iron Gates gorge and dams between Serbia and Romania, the Danube flows free for 1,000 kilometers through Romania, Bulgaria, Moldova and Ukraine before emptying into the Black Sea. The Lower Danube is one of the longest free-flowing stretches of river in Europe. In 2000, the governments of Bulgaria, Romania, Ukraine and Moldova pledged to work together to establish a green corridor along the entire length of the Lower Danube River.
    [Show full text]
  • Morava River Basin (Slovakia)
    WWF Water and Wetland Index –Critical issues in water policy across Europe November 2003 Results overview for the Morava river basin (Slovakia) This fact sheet summarises the results of the Water and Wetland Index for the Slovakian part of the Morava river basin. Information about the project and the different issues presented in this fact sheet can be found in the WWF Report “Water and Wetland Index - Critical issues in water policy across Europe” (2003). Water Resources in the Slovakian Morava Some 2,227 km2 out of the total 26,658 km2 of the Morava river basin belong to the Slovak republic on its lowermost course. The river itself is a boundary river with the Czech republic and then, on the very Poland lower course, with Austria. The Slovakian stretch has a length of 114 Czech Republic km and a mean annual discharge of 120 m3/s. The area of the river basin is mainly used for agricultural purposes, while forests are in marginal mountain ranges (Little Carpathians and White Carpathians) and partly also in the central flat part. Most of the basin has a lowland Slovakia Ukraine character. Austria Hungary Romania Application of Integrated River Basin Management principles Public participation in water management Information provision Most of the available information is presented in adequate language and form, though its level of Existence of detail should be improved in some aspects. There is relatively good potential for being informed, 1 but information flow towards some stakeholders (environmental NGOs) is sometimes found to be arrangements insufficient. Adequacy2 Public consultation The law provides the legal framework for most of the stakeholders (industry, water supply, Existence of farmers) to be consulted on specific documents in the decision-making process.
    [Show full text]
  • My Country Slovenia
    MY COUNTRY SLOVENIA Full country name: Republic of Slovenia (Republika Slovenija) Area: 20,273 sq km Population: 1.93 million Capital City: Ljubljana (pop 330,000) People: Slovenian 88%, Croat 3%, Serb 2% Language: Slovenian, Croatian, Serbian, German, English Religion: Roman Catholic (72%), atheist (4.3%), Eastern Orthodox Christian (2.4%), Muslim (1%), Protestant (1%) Government: parliamentary democratic republic Head of State: President Janez Drnovsek Head of Government: Prime Minister Anton Rop GDP: US$37.06 billion GDP per capita: US$19,200 Annual Growth: 3.5% Inflation: 8% Major Industries: Textiles, manufacturing, timber products, agriculture Major Trading Partners: EU (esp. Germany, Croatia, Italy, France, Austria) Member of EU: Yes Ljubljana the capital city of Slovenia, Prešeren's square GREEN MEDITERRANEAN The Slovene coast which measures 46.6 kilometres is covered with abundant vegetation. Here is a natural reserve with a rich supply of marl and sandstone and the unique Strunjan cliff which ascends 80 metres above the sea and is the highest flysch wall on the Adriatic coast. Here are the Sečovlje saltworks, first mentioned in the 13th century. Due to their extremely abundant natural and historical heritage they were named a regional park and are a rich sanctuary of plant and animal worlds. Map of Slovenian coast The Church above Piran Piran Izola with fishing boats Sečovlje, salt pans and sunset Olive picking Postojna Cave - A World Famous Miracle of Nature The Postojna Cave is one of the largest and most easily accessible world caves where visitors are carried by electric train. Its stalactites, stalagmites, pillars, and translucent curtains constantly create unforgettable impressions, and the underground cave waters offer shelter to a unique resident, the amphibian Proteus anguinus or human fish.
    [Show full text]
  • Groundwater Bodies at Risk
    Results of initial characterization of the groundwater bodies in Croatian karst Zeljka Brkic Croatian Geological Survey Department for Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology, Zagreb, Croatia Contractor: Croatian Geological Survey, Department for Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology Team leader: dr Zeljka Brkic Co-authors: dr Ranko Biondic (Kupa river basin – karst area, Istria, Hrvatsko Primorje) dr Janislav Kapelj (Una river basin – karst area) dr Ante Pavicic (Lika region, northern and middle Dalmacija) dr Ivan Sliskovic (southern Dalmacija) Other associates: dr Sanja Kapelj dr Josip Terzic dr Tamara Markovic Andrej Stroj { On 23 October 2000, the "Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing a framework for the Community action in the field of water policy" or, in short, the EU Water Framework Directive (or even shorter the WFD) was finally adopted. { The purpose of WFD is to establish a framework for the protection of inland surface waters, transitional waters, coastal waters and groundwater (protection of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, reduction in pollution groundwater, protection of territorial and marine waters, sustainable water use, …) { WFD is one of the main documents of the European water policy today, with the main objective of achieving “good status” for all waters within a 15-year period What is the groundwater body ? { “groundwater body” means a distinct volume of groundwater within an aquifer or aquifers { Member States shall identify, within each river basin district: z all bodies of water used for the abstraction of water intended for human consumption providing more than 10 m3 per day as an average or serving more than 50 persons, and z those bodies of water intended for such future use.
    [Show full text]
  • Sava River Position Paper Prepared by Euronatur Supported by Croatian Society for Bird and Nature Protection (HDZPP) and Birdlife Slovenia (DOPPS)
    Sava River Position Paper Prepared by EuroNatur Supported by Croatian Society for Bird and Nature Protection (HDZPP) and BirdLife Slovenia (DOPPS) Introduction EuroNatur has been dedicated to nature conservation and the sustainable use of natural resources in the Sava River Basin for the last 25 years. In our role as an official observer of the Sava Commission EuroNatur has been following the processes of the Commission and the ongoing development of the Sava River Basin Management Plan with attention. Hereby we would like to comment on some questions related to further infrastructural development and regulation of the Sava River, which are urgent and alarming from our point of view. Moreover, we are offering recommendations and suggestions regarding these issues. Comments on the focus of the Sava Commission (ISRBC) The International Sava River Basin Commission (ISRBC) has been established for the purpose of realization of the following goals: I. Establishment of an international regime of navigation on the Sava River II. Establishment of sustainable water management III. Undertaking of measures to prevent or limit hazards Although the second goal includes the availability of “water in sufficient quantity and of appropriate quality for the preservation, protection and improvement of aquatic eco-systems (including flora and fauna and eco-systems of natural ponds and wetlands)” no working group was implemented that is adequately dealing with such issues as the monitoring and protection of the Sava River and connected aquatic ecosystems. Most publications that were elaborated by the ISRBC so far miss a clear reference to biodiversity and nature conservation topics, but deal with navigation and water management issues.
    [Show full text]
  • DIKTAS Country Report
    Protection and Sustainable Use of the Dinaric Karst Transboundary Aquifer System Country Report (Regional Aspect) - Croatia http://diktas.iwlearn.org Protection and Sustainable Use of the Dinaric Karst Transboundary Aquifer System Contents HYDROGEOLOGICAL OVERVIEW 1. Introduction 1.1. Project task and role of WG1 1.2. General on karst – term, distribution. Importance 1.3. Histrical review of karst researches 2. Physiography and climate 2.1. Geographic position and boundaries 2.2. Vegetation and land cover 2.3. Rainfall regime 2.4. Air temperature 2.5. Other climate elements 3. Hydrology 3.1. Hydrographic network 3.2. Stream-flow regime 3.3. Controlling streamflow – dams and reservoirs 4. Geological pattern 4.1. Paleogeography of Dinaric region 4.2. Dinaric Carbonate Platform (External Dinarides) - litostratigraphic units 4.3. Tectonic 5. Geomorphology and karstification 5.1. Karstification process 5.2. Karstic features 5.2.1. Surface karstic features 5.2.2. Potholes and caves 6. Aquifer systems 6.1. Aquifers classification and distribution 7. Groundwater basins 7.1. Regional groundwater direction 7.2. Grounwater bodies ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC OVERVIEW 1. Administrative boundaries 2. Population and demography 3. Tourism 4. Land use 5. Sources of income 6. Agriculture 7. Roads 8. Industries 9. Mining sites 10. Solid waste disposal 11. Wastewater treatment Protection and Sustainable Use of the Dinaric Karst Transboundary Aquifer System 12. Dams and Hydropower Plants 13. Protected areas 14. Karstic caves 15. Groundwater dependent ecosystems 16. Water use 17. Surface water quality LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK AND POLICY 1. Introduction 2. Updated report on legal, institutional and policy framework in Croatia 3.
    [Show full text]