Volume XXX No. 9 September, 1975 INFORMATION ISSUED BY THE ASSOOAJm OF MWISH RffBGOS HI GlEAT BRITAHI

Rerbert Freeden (Jerusalem) national enclave for Jerusalem. The two states were to be bound together by an Economic Union, including a customs union, a joint cur­ rency system with a single foreign exchange ISRAEL AND THE UNITED NATIONS rate, joint economic development schemes (ir­ rigation, land reclamation and soil conserva­ Israel's expulsion from the United Nations he pretended not to have heard anytliing about tion), interstate railways, highways and postal Was recommended last March by a 17 nation such attempts and limited his remarks to the services, and joint operation of ports and air­ co-ordinating committee for the so-called non- general phrase that he supported the "univer­ ports. There was to be a common customs tariff aligned bloc. This move also envisages the sality" of the UN. The Secretary General is an and a joint economic board to administer the imposition of sanctions against Israel. Against independent organ of the UN under its Union. Piese trends a Western front has been develop- Charter, expressly charged to be neutral and The basic assumption of the whole scheme ^S, and if a resolution aiming at Israel's ex­ objective, and uninfluenced by member states was that it would be freely accepted by Iwth pulsion from the UN were introduced in the in the performance of his duties. He has a parties and worked out in agreement between Security Council, it would be vetoed not only major responsibility for upholding the Charter them. It is obvious that no such Union could oy the United States but also by Britain and and for maintaining the international nature operate for a single day between States divided 'ranee, both of which oppose such an ouster of the Organisation. by conflict and hostility. most vigorously. The United States Ambassador to the United The Jews, though critical and apprehensive The proposal to ostracize and castigate Israel Nations, Daniel Moynihan, predicted that the of some of the details, accepted the Partition *as put forward by the Palestine Liberation US Congress would insist on reducing Plan. The Arab reaction was out-and-out re­ Organisation, Iraq, Syria and Cuba. India is America's support of the UN if Israel were jection. Dr. Mahmoud Fawzi, then Egypt's f^id to have taken the position that Israel's ousted from the world organisation. He was representative at the UN, declared: "We do "ransgressions" were not in the same league supported by several influential Senators. In not choose to comply with the General As­ ^s South Africa's and that she should not, Brussels, Common Market leaders declared op­ sembly's Resolution on Palestine. The Charter therefore, be treated in the same way. position to the Arab initiative to eject a and the UN will not fall apart if one more of Arab militants might shirk the predictable member state and said that any violation of the General Assembly's resolutions is not put outcome of the issue in the Security Council the Charter would not be acceptable to the into effect". The statements of the representa­ and go about by challenging the credentials EEC. British Prime Minister Harold Wilson tives of Syria, Iraq and Lebanon were couched °f Israel's delegation at the General Assembly's said after the March meeting that the dele­ in a similar language. Meeting in Cairo on Credentials Committee. This was the way in gates were "very robust about any question December 9, 1947, the Arab Premiers declared *aich South Africa was barred from the of expulsion of any country from the United that they would "do everything possible to General Assembly last year. In the past, Arab Nations and there was a general support for bring about the collapse of the UN partition •iiembers of the Credentials Committee have the universality principle". plan". visually recorded their reservation against Yet 40 Islamic nations defied the US and This they made true, and in May 1948, the Israel's participation, without putting the Europe by calling for the expulsion of Israel UN Palestine Commission in its report to the fatter to the vote. But buoyed by the South from the UN. The call came from two resolu­ Security Council, wrote: "Powerful Arab inter­ African precedent, they might see fit to force tions passed at the Islamic Foreign Ministers' ests both inside and outside Palestine are 'ne issue when the General Assembly recon­ conference in Jeddah. Among those voting defying the Resolution of the General Assembly venes this month. unanimously were the representatives of Iran and are engaged in a deliberate effort to alter which has regular contacts with Israel, and by force the settlement envisaged therein". Israeli and Western diplomats contend that Turkey which is a member of NATO. 'he South African case, far from being a The position was summed up by Dr. Fawzi in It has been said that the Jewish State is a 1948 when he said: "It has been apparent for Precedent, was a legal and procedural aberra- creation of the UN and that its position in many months that the General Assembly Reso­ 'lon permitted to occur by last year's un­ lution of 1947 is dead". abashedly tendentious Assembly President, intemational law is based on the UN decision of November 29, 1947. Should this decision The Resolution was indeed superseded by Abdul Aziz Bouteflika of Algeria. In 1970, be revoked, which could easily happen, so the When South Africa's credentials were similarly subsequent events. The Arab States rendered argument goes, Israel's legal basis would be it ineffectual by their unanimous rejection and J"eiected by the Credentials Committee, the affected. This is not the case. True, had it not defiance, and by their invasion of the emergent 'nen President, Norway's Edvard Hambro, been for the UN Partition Resolution when Jewish State. The other member states of the ^led that this did not disqualify the South both the US and USSR joined states from East United Nations did nothing to secure the reso­ ^ricans from participating in the Assembly. and West to vote approval, the scenario might lution's implementation and to oppose Arab Observers here believe that Egypft and other not have unfolded in quite the same way. In aggression. As a result of the fighting, the UN ^ore sophisticated Arab States will be de- fact, however, the historic Resolution is but a decision underwent a change. |erred from instigating such an ouster attempt, link in a chain of events that brought Israel In 1948 the General Assembly actually though they might no^t actively oppose one into being—the Balfour Declaration, the Man­ voted down resolutions designed to affirm the instigated by others. Some of the Arabs are date of the League of Nations, the patient 1947 decision, and in its debate on *^own to have been chastened and sobered work of settlement and upbuilding before 1948 December 11, 1948, deliberately omitted ^ORiewhat by the outcry which followed and, finally, the War of Independence. reference to it. At the instance of John Foster UNESCO's discriminatory action against Israel, The November 1947 Resolution recom­ Dulles, then head of the United States dele­ fhey were also taken atwck by the sharp reac- mended the termination of the British Mandate gation, the General Assembly on that day re­ tion which their juggernaut tactics at last in Palestine and the partition of the country solved that the boundaries between Israel and dear's General Assembly eventually raised into an Arab and Jewish State with an inter- the neighbouring states be drawn up by mutual among the Westem and other longer-estab­ agreement. The parties complied with this lished delegations. policy and concluded armistice agreements by ^ Officials in Jerusalem are concemed about The Executive Committee of the which the pre-1967 frontiers were fixed, al­ '^r- Kurt Waldheim's failure to forthrightly ASSOCIATION OF JEWISH though one provision of the armistice was ^ondemn those Arab machinations. The UN REFUGEES never carried out—^to extend the agreements Secretary-General, it is pointed out here, into a final negotiated settlement. The accent wishes all members a shifted from the UN to the parties concemed, flight to have spoken out clearly against any VERY HAPPY NEW YEAR ^.^ster bid, in that way adding his own con­ and in 1952 the 7th General Assembly voted siderable influence to the forces within the and thanks them for their continuous UN which would oppose such a step. Instead, support. Continued on page 2, column 1 Page 2 AJR INFORMATION September, 1975 ISRAEL AND THE UNITED NATIONS COMPENSATION NEWS Continued from page 1 FOREIGN INVALIDITY PENSIONS AND down a Philippine amendment to revive the NAZI-OPFER AUS OESTERREICH Partition Resolution. AUSTRIAN PUBLIC SERVANTS' PENSIONS Rechtslage unveraendert Thus the Resolution a long time ago lost its Die kuerzlich verbreitete Mitteilung, dass validity both as a legal concept and as an in­ New Tax Concessions die oesterreichische Regierung eine zusaetz­ strument—or rather potential threat—for fix­ liche Zahlung an Verfolgte beschlossen habe, ing the borders of Israel in any forthcoming As already briefly reported in our August ist, wie wir aus zuverlaessiger Quelle erfahren, negotiations. issue, foreign invalidity pensions correspond­ unrichtig. Richtig ist nur, dass seit Jahren ing to British National Insurance invalidity mit der oesterreichischen Regiemng wegen Although Israel's disenchantment with the einer zusaetzlichen Zahlung verhandelt wird. UN started as early as 1948, when the collec­ benefits, which are exempt from U.K. tax by Diese Verhandlungen machen in juengster Zeit tive security system failed to ward off a five­ Section 219 (1), Taxes Act 1970, will be Fortsehritte, keonnen aber—schon wegen der fold Arab invasion, its expulsion from the exempt from United Kingdom income tax for bevorstehenden Neuwahlen in den Nationalrat international community would be a grave the tax year 1974/75 and subsequent years. —erst fruehestens im Fruehjahr 1976 zu blow; it would, if it came to pass, isolate the An "Extra-Statutory Concession" to this effect einem Ergebnis fuehren, und das nur, wenn Jewish State still further and, at the same will be published by the Board of Inland kein Regierungswechsel erfolgt. Die beab­ time, would seriously undermine the moral Revenue. The Concession will extend to all sichtigte Leistung wird nicht mehr als je S 15.000.—betragen. Zahlungen werden nur status of the United Nations. The world ought foreign social security payments which corres­ pond to those British National Insurance an Beduerftige erfolgen koennen. to have leamt by now that the disintegration Wie stets, werden wir unsere Leser infor- of free and democratic institutions and of benefits which are tax-exempt; in practice, niieren, falls irgendwelche Neuregelungen im political fair play starts always with the dis­ the exemption will apply to the German and naechsten Jahre ergehen sollten. criminations against the Jews. Austrian social insurance invalidity pensions (After the above article was written, a reso­ paid to Nazi victims resident in this country DETENTE AT HELSINKI (and which, in the absence of the new Con­ lution calling for the expulsion of Israel from Emigration of Soviet Jews the UN loas rejected at the meeting of the cession, would be only 50 per cent tax exempt Organisation of African Unity (OAU), held at under Section 22 (2), Finance Act 1974). Professor Alexander Lerner, one of the Jewish intellectuals who has sought to emi­ Kampala. Instead, after a long debate, in the This extra-statutory concession was an­ grate to Israel for a number of years, was course of lohich milder versions of the resolu­ nounced in Parliament by the Chief Secretary reported to have commented to Westein corre­ tion were rejected as well, the OAU States to the Treasury, the Rt. Hon. Joel Barnett, spondents, after meeting Mr. V. S. Obidin. were requested "to take the most adequate M.P., following representations made by the the head of Ovir (the Soviet Union's visa and measures to reinforce the pressure exerted on AJR since August, 1974 (see the report on registration office) in Moscow that "the Soviet Israel at the UN and its specialised agencies, authorities take no account of the Helsinki "Taxation of Pensions" on page 2 of our agreements". including the possibility of eventually depriv­ August issue). ing it of its membership in these institutions.") The view that the signing by Mr. Leonid In reply to further pleas made by the AJR Brezhnev of the final document in Helsinki of the 35-nation conference on security and co­ ARAB CAMPAIGN REBUFFED concerning the U.K. tax treatment of certain Austrian pensions paid to Nazi victims, Mr. operation in Europe would appear to offer little towards the human rights and emigration The eleven leaders of Europe's Socialist Barnett has advised that the Inland Revenue parties, including Mr. Harold Wilson, in the prospects of Soviet Jews, is reinforced by presence of the Israeli Prime Minister, Mr. will treat as covered by Section 22 (2), Finance other Soviet reactions. When Mr. Harold Itzhak Rabin, unanimously agreed in Stock­ Act 1974, and therefore entitled to the 50 per Wilson returned to London after the confer­ holm to oppose Arab attempts to exclude cent deduction, the pensions paid to fonner ence he ijtated that the Helsinki agreement Israel from the United Nations. Thc Swedish State employees and former employees of the was intended not only to promote the free Prime Minister, Mr. Olof Palme, who acted Austrian Laender, Communities and other movement of people in Europe but also the as the spokesman for the Socialist leaders, public bodies, "on the view that these pensions movement of Soviet Jews to Israel. However, said that "we were all completely unanimous" stem from Austrian Govemment actions and in its coverage of the Helsinki proceedings in the opinion that attempts to suspend or and their aftermath, these particular expres­ expel Israel from the UN would violate the arrangements amounting in effect to a special sions of Mr. Wilson were not reported in the charter of the world organisation. Mr. Rabin provision made under Austrian law". Soviet press and other media. Observers noted stressed that he was fully satisfied with the This tax treatment equally has effect for that Mr. Brezhnev omitted any reference to position taken by the other Socialist leaders. the tax year 1974/75 and onwards. Any assess­ human rights in his Helsinki speech, and he Among those attending the meeting were ments made for 1974/75, in respect of German also made it clear that his interpretation of Chancellor Helmut Schmidt of West Germany freedom of exchange of information differed as well as his predecessor Mr. Willy Brandt, or Austrian invalidity pensions or the Austrian from Western ideas on this. public servants' pensions referred to above, Mr. Francois Mitterand, the French Socialist FORD'S VISIT TO AUSCHWITZ leader, and Chancellor Bruno Kreisky of which do not conform to these rules should Austria. be appealed against and amendment should En route to the Helsinki conference oi be requested. world leaders President Ford and Dr. Henry SUPPORT FROM TITO Kissinger, the US Secretary of State, visited Our sincere gratitude is due to M.P.s Geoff­ In private conversations with leaders attend­ Poland, where they were taken to the site oj ing the recent security conference in Helsinki, rey Finsberg and Greville Janner, Q.C., who Auschwitz. The American President had President Tito of Yugoslavia said that Israel's again supported us most effectively, and to earlier laid a wreath at the monument to the expulsion or suspension from the United Mr. Joel Barnett for the sympathy and under­ murdered men, women and children. oi Nations would be damaging and destructive standing again displayed. F.E.F. Auschwitz, who reportedly include relatives to the UN. of Dr. Kissinger. , President Tito is a leading figure in the Dr Kissinger said that he had not brought Third World and his attitude is considered his young son with him because "too mai** of great importance. It might affect the entire With acknowledgement to the news service of my people got too close to these places • campaign bv the Arabs to expel Israel from of the Jewish Chronicle. RABIN AT BELSEN the UN. During his recent official visit to West Ger­ many, Mr. Itzhak Rabin, Israel's Premier, pa|^. homage to the 50,000 victims of Nazism, mostw European Jews, murdered during the Hitler regime in Bergen-Belsen concentration caniPj Mr. Rabin recited Kaddish at the camp su^ Greyhound Guaranty Limited and laid a wreath at the Jewish memoria Bankers to the victims. CARL VON OSSIETZKY MEDAL c This year the Carl von Ossietzky Medal o 5 GRAFTON STREET, MAYFAIR, the West Berlin Section of the International League of Human Rights was awarded to tn LONDON, WIX 3LB politically active parson Heinrich Alberw- formerly Goveming Mayor of Berlin. Und^ the Third Reich, Pastor Albertz was a memb% Telephone: 01-629 1208 of the Confessional Church. The recipients o the medal in the preceding years inclu"^^ Telex: 22465 Cables: Greyty, London, W.l the theologian Professor D. Helmut Gollwitze' (1973) and the author Heinrich Boell (1974'- AJR INFORMATION September, 1975 Page 3 HOME NEWS I A ANGLOJVDAICA Board's Financial Straits ARAB BOYCOTT INTERNATIONAL WOMEN'S YEAR The Board of Deputies finds itself in dire Firms Back Out CONFERENCE financial straits, with expenditure now ap­ proaching double its income. The treasurer Mr. Lewis Goodman, the chairman of the Anti-Zionist Declaration has described the half-yearly figures presented Anglo-Israel Chamber of Commerce, told the to the board as the worst in its long history. In Chamber's annual meeting in London that a The Board of Deputies protested to the the six months to April 28 income reached dumber of ordinary and council members, Foreign Office regarding Britain's abstention £33,316, almost double the amount in the com­ including British Leyland, have resigned or on an anti-Zionist declaration at the UN Inter­ parable period last year, but fell short of refused to advertise in the chamber's joumal national Women's Year conference in Mexico rapidly rising expenditure by £20,678. The Js a result of the Arab boycott. He disclosed City. In a letter to the board the Minister of combined total deficit of the board and its jhat a £3,500,000 order for tugboats by the State at the Foreign and Commonwealth charitable trust amounted to a record figure Israel Ports Authority had been lost to Nor­ Office, Mr. David Ennals, said that the insertion of nearly £30,000. way because one British yard refused it on of the term "Zionism" into the resolution of The 1975-76 expenditure is estimated at the grounds of "industrial problems" and the conference and the highly political tone £115,000 and the board has already had to pother because it was "politically uncertain", taken by the conference generally was de­ borrow £13,500 from its pension fund, and to "e also referred to the "astonishing pro­ plored. amend its constitution to provide for further cedure" followed by the Fairey Aviation Com­ He pointed out that the British delegation bank loans. There is one bright spot in the pany at Taunton, Somerset, which sells aircraft voted against the inclusion of references to accounts—a considerable increase in income ^oard, 'he bedding manufacturers, who when they because, purged of its references to Zionism, which in the first half year amounted to ^ught a trademark registration in Saudi it was of a humanitarian nature and in keeping £24,306 compared with £8,958 a year ago. Arabia, refused to sign a declaration which with the objectives of the conference". included the rules of the Arab Boycott Com- Sale of Brady Premises jnittee against Israel, but its name was never­ British Leader's Dilemma theless registered in Saudi Arabia. A worsening financial position arising from Addressing the annual meeting of the Asso­ a drop in communal support has forced Brady Discrimination Outcome ciation of Jewish Women's Organisations in Clubs and Settlement, the oldest-established London recently, Mrs. MiUie Miller, Labour Jewish club in Londons East End, to offer Mr. Martin Savitt and Dr. Jacob Gewirtz, MP for Ilford North, described her dilemma their Hanbury Street premises to Tower Ham­ Chairman and executive director of the Board as leader of the British delegation at the lets Council for £255,000. Tower Hamlets Of Deputies defence and group relations com- conference. She would have loved to have Council is interested in using the premises as Jiittee, are its representatives on the recently stood up and walked out in protest, but all an all-purpose community centre to meet local lorined Anti-Boycott Co-ordinating Committee, she could do was to cable the Foreign OfRce demand. If it goes ahead with the purchase, it which also includes the Anglo-Israel Chamber for in.structions on how to vote. 51 Commerce, the Trades Advisory Council, the may allow the 500-member club the use of Zionist Federation and B'nai B'rith. the building for two evenings a week. , In a memorandum on the impact of the Arab AUSTRIAN AWARD ^oycott, they state that a number of British Brighton Synagogue Centenary {•usinessmen have complained to the board Mrs. E. Mahler Honoured 'hat they are unable to visit Saudi Arabia on The Middle Street Synagogue, Brighton, company business because they are Jewish, Mrs. E. Mahler, who has been in charge of celebrated its centenary at a special service iney warn that since an increasing number the Austrian Desk of the United Restitution at which the Chief Rabbi occupied the pulpit. Of British firms are now dealing with Arab Office in London since 1956, has been awarded In his address to the large congregation Dr. Countries, some of which refuse visas to Jews, the Austrian "Silberne Ehrenzeichen". In the Jakobovits spoke of the instability, the selfish­ J' is inevitable that companies will be increas- course of her work, Mrs. Mahler has helped ness and the violence which is challenging J^ily reluctant to hire Jews. Such discrimina- innumerable Nazi victims from Austria, and society today. Of the synagogue itself, he said Hon on grounds of ethnic and national origin her knowledge and compassion have been of that it hal outlasted the erosions of history *f an offence under the 1968 Race Relations greatest benefit to them. A conscientious and when many synagogues had been desecrated Act. understanding adviser, she also put herself and destroyed during the wars. The synagogue at the disposal of those among them who, due was considered to be one of the most beautiful ..The memorandum also draws attention to to age or infirmity, were not able to call in the world. {"* fact tbat the Charing Cross Hospital plans on her office and visited them in their homes. fO guarantee 100 places in its medical school We cordially congratulate Mrs. Mahler on the Liverpool Elect Women l9r Saudi students over the next five years, well-deserved recognition of her services. ^mce massive Saudi grants are involved and Whilst in London the election of women to |iven the overall antisemitic policy of the synagogue boards of management has so far J>audi Government, there is a serious risk only reached the stage of "careful and detailed ^0 the future status of Jewish students consideration", in Liverpool two women have and teaching staff at the hospital. this year been elected to full membership of The board is highly critical of the attitude the executives of their respective congrega­ ^ successive British Govemments towards the tions. Mrs. Valerie Joseph was elected secre­ boycott and their refusal to legislate against tary of the Allerton congregation, with a "• or to advise British companies to ignore it. membership of 350 and, earlier in the year, Vorlon Mrs. Dorothea Zakuto was elected secretary ROCK OF AJEX of the Fairfield Synagogue as well as its regis­ trar of marriages. -.The 270-year-old Jewish community in r-ihraltar now has a branch of the Association oi Jewish Ex-Ser\'icemen and Women, and a Qhocolates Carmel College Cuts i*omen's section formed by the wives of Speaking at Carmel College's annual speech rounder-members. day the headmaster Rabbi Jeremy Rosen, said that cuts in staff, scholarships and sports DEATH OF SOLLI MARCUS facilities have had to be made this year by The sudden death of Solli Marcus on July 13 Carmel, Britain's only Jewish public school, ?' the early age of 53 came as a great shock make because of the difficult economic situation. J?,.all who knew him. He served the Jewish Last year, Carmel had been able to take 25 ^^nd Society since 1951 as chief welfare new scholarship pupils, but this year it would oincer and more lately as deputy secretary, very special gifts be taking fewer than five, as part of the cut­ f^ecognising the important role played by backs. jOcial workers in the community, he laid the Judaica Study oundations for the formation of the Jewish ?j.ssociation of Professionals in Social Work, The first annual conference of the British 0| which he was its first chairman. He was Association for Jewish Studies held at Lady iiso an active member of the Association of Margaret Hall, Oxford, under the presidency rj^tecutives of Jewish Communal Organisations, of Dr. Geza Vermes, was attended by over 60 g^ the Jewish political sphere, he was active Caxton Chocolate Co. Ltd. members and guests. Dr Vermes said that its g^ the chairman of Mapam in Great Britain most encouraging feature was that, in addition Pvt defended the cause of Israel before many to well-known experts, the association had the xtreme Left-wing audiences, especially in the London N22 6UN opportunity to listen to a number of young universities. The untimely departure of this colleagues who had demonstrated not only 1''ergetic and colourful personality is a severe promise but a considerable degree of scholarly oss lor the whole Anglo-Jewish community. achievement. Page 4 AJR INFORMATION September, 1975 NEWS FROM ABROAD JEWRY IN THE EAST BIBLES FOR ISRAEL UNITED STATES GERMANY Rabbi Moshe Litonsky, the chairman of the Auschwitz Jew leaves Millions Minimising Nazi Crimes Leningrad congregation, has sent a parcel of Dr. Wilhelm Staeglich, a retired judge, who Bibles, siddurim and Haggadot addressed to According to Der Algemeiner Journal, the the Ashkenazi Chief Rabbi of Tel Aviv, Rabbi American Yiddish-language weekly newspaper, is a veteran member of the ultra-Right-wing National Democratic Party, wrote an article Yedidya Frankel. The books, in Russian, were Samuel Weingarten, who recently died in Los accompanied by a handwritten note in Hebrew Angeles, bequeathed $15 million (about £6} about Auschwitz concentration camp in Nation Europa, an extremist monthly publica­ asking Rabbi Frankel to be kind enough to million) to a woman he fell in love with 30 distribute them among the Jews in Israel- years ago, who later disappeared "before his tion, in 1973. Therein he claimed that con­ ditions at Auschwitz were good and that the Rabbi Litonsky's note said that the books had eyes'. A Jew saved from Auschwitz, he met been sent to the Leningrad congregation by her in another camp, Mauthausen, in Austria, crematoria ovens were actually ordinary Jewish commimities in the United States and where he was sent as a displaced person at bakers' ovens. Canada, but he had sent them to Israel "because the end of the Second World War. A Hamburg court has reduced the former we had so many, that we decided to share The woman, known as "Bracha" or "Miriam " judge's pension, having found him guilty of them with others". trying to minimise or deny Nazi crimes. was a native of Warsaw, like Mr. Weingarten. Experts believe that the KGB put pressure They arranged to meet in Feldkirch in Further Sentence on Gestapo Chief on Rabbi Litonsky to send the parcel of books Austria, but Miriam did not keep the ren­ in an effort to show that there is no shortage dezvous. Mr. Weingarten later emigrated to Ludwig Hahn, the Gestapo chief in Warsaw during the Second World War, has been sen­ of such books in the Soviet Union, and that it the United States, establishing a successful is extremely unlikely that there is an over- diamond business in Los Angeles. He never tenced to life imprisonment for complicity in the deportation and murder of more than supply of Bibles and prayer books in Lenin­ gave up his search for Miriam but did not grad. find her and never married. 230,000 Warsaw Jews in 1942. He is already serving a 12-year sentence passed in 1973 for KGB THREATS Faith and Prejudice complicity in the murder of thousands of Jew­ ish and Polish prisoners in Warsaw. Three of Nearly 30 Moscow, Vladimir and Leningrad Some 80 leading Catholic, Protestant and Hahn's subordinates have been charged with Jews alleged to have contributed to the Jewish educationists met at a conference on selecting Jews for the gas chambers in the samizdat (self-published) publication, Jews in "Faith and Prejudice" convened by the inter- Warsaw Ghetto and with torturing and killing the USSR, are reported to have been interto- religious department of the American Jewish many Jews on their way to the railway station. gated or threatened by the KGB. Jews in Committee. The consensus was that prejudicial Hahn was found guilty of sharing responsi­ Moscow and other main Soviet cities are con­ stereotypes of Jews, still prevalent in Catholic bility for transporting 300,000 Jews and Poles cerned that a series of show trials may soon and Protestant textbooks fewer than 12 years to Treblinka concentration camp between June be staged as the outcome of these threats. ago, have been mostly removed but have not and October, 1942. His plea that he did not FREED FOR WOMEN'S YEAR yet been replaced by an accurate picture of know why the victims were sent to Treblinka Jews and Judaism. was dismissed by the court as "unbelievable", As a gesture in connection with International The Christian speakers agreed that a key the court ruling that the evidence showed that Women's Year, Mrs. Anna Berkovsky, of weakness in Christian education was the lack Hahn was fully informed. The judgement Novosibirsk, was released after serving 13 of teaching about the Holocaust and teaching noted that Hahn's former superior officer and months of a two-year corrective labour sen­ about the theological implications of Israel some of his subordinates had described him tence. Mrs. Berkovsky and her husband, Yuri, for Jews. It was emphasised that the ground as a "special Jew-hater". vvho had been dismissed from their jobs after work for Hitler's "final solution" was laid applying to emigrate to Israel, were convicted long ago by the stereotype of the Jewish Arrest After 25 Years of speculation in June, 1974, for selling their people fostered in Western Christendom since After living in West Germany for more personal belongings in order to live. the early days of the Church. Although than 25 years, former SS Colonel Victor ANTISEMITIC FILM the charge of deicide had been virtually Araijs was arrested near Frankfurt, and eliminated against the Jews in Catholic instruc­ charged with complicity in the wartime mur­ The Promised Land, by Andrzej Wajda, a tional material, the Catholic educational Polish film director of world renown, a film approach had not yet been brought up to der of between 10,000 and 30,000 Latvian screened at the Moscow international film contemporary times. Jews. He is accused of leading an SS group festival, is reported to combine artistic merit involved in the systematic killings. with conscious antisemitism. It emphasises the A spokesman of the Hamburg public prose­ idea disseminated by Nazi propaganda and the MEMORIAL FOUNDATION more extreme Polish antisemitic propaganda cutor's office announced that a warrant for before the Second World Wax that links with Appointment of New Director Araijs' arrest was issued last year, when it Jews were "degrading" for other people. Based became known to the legal authorities that on the novel of the same name by the Polish Dr, A. J. Sherman has been appointed Ex­ he was still in West Germany and living under author and Nobel Prizewinner, Wladyslaw ecutive Director of the Memorial Foundation the maiden name of his wife. Reymont, who died in the 'twenties, the film for Jewish Culture, which administers the last depicts the development of the Lodz textile instalment of the German reparation pasonents industry in the late nineteenth century in under the Hague Agreement and allocates its which Jews had a big role. The Jews in the proceeds for the preservation and re-creation Your House for:— film, it is reported, are obnoxiously portray^? of the Jewish cultural values affected by the to an extent unknown since the Nazi anti­ Holocaust in Europe. Dr. Sherman, an semitic films. American citizen born in Jerusalem, was until CURTAINS, CARPETS, recently a Research Fellow of St. Antony's In Poland the film has been attacked by College and Lecturer in Politics at Oxford antisemitic film producers for not being anti- University. During his stay in this country, FLOOR COVERINGS semitic enough, since it is a Polish capitalist he published "Island Refuge", a comprehen- who summons the police to fire on workers, SPECIAUTY thereby reducing its incitement to anti-Jewish sKe work about the British Government's hatred. A Profile film. Heads or Tails, has policy towards the refugees from Nazi Oppres­ condemned the "old" Polish security police, sion, reviewed in our January 1974 issue. CONTINENTAL DOWN alleging that it was "full of Jews", while Dr, Jerry Hochbaum, until now Assistant praising the new force, which has been Director, has been appointed Associate Direc­ QUILTS "purged" of them. tor of the Foundation. ALSO RE-MAKES AND RE-COVERS BELSIZE SQUARE SYNAGOGUE ESTIMATES FREE BECHSTEtN STEINWAY BLUTTINEIt 51 B«l«lz« Squar., London, N.W,3 DAWSON-LANE LIMITED Finest selection reconditioned PIANOS SYNAGOGUE SERVICES (Edabllthod 1946) Always Interested in purchasing are held regularly on the Eve of Sabbath 17 BRIDGE ROAD, WEMBLEY PARK well-preserved instruments. and Festivals at 6.30 p.m. and on the day Telephone: 904 6671 JAQUES SAMUEL PIANOS LTD. at 11 a.m. P«r«onal atlanlion of Mr. W. Shackman. 142 Edgwar* Road, W.2 ALL ARE CORDIALLY INVITED Tal.: 723 8818/9. AJR INFORMATION September, 1975 Page 5

I'rits Friedlaender (Melbourne) tremendously impressed him during his forma­ tive years. He interviewed Freud himself in his old age, and his sketch of Freud's per­ sonality, published afterwards, was fascinating but not correct in detail, as Dr. Emest Jones, ARTHUR KOESTLER 70 Freud's biographer, has stated. Anyhow, it was strange th^ Koestler tried to characterise It happened in London in 1967 that Arthur It was, however, the shocking experience Freud's psycho-analysis as "a closed system", Koestler was charged in court with undisci­ of the brutal terror of Stalin's purges in the comparable with Bolshevism; this was ques­ plined conduct on the road and his driving 'thirties that forced Koestler to break with tionable in as much as Freud never deviated licence was cancelled for one year. The judge Communism. from the principle of the freedom of thought. told him that he had become one of his ad- When Hitler took over in Germany, Koestler After having written off Soviet Russia and intters after reading his books. But as he went to Paris, where at first he made a scanty Israel, Koestler focused his attention on the "idn't want to deprive himself of the pleasure living as a writer. This situation improved as European civfllsation in which his mind was °i reading the writer Koestler, he had to pre- soon as the London "News Chronicle" com­ rooted. In his novel "The Age of Longing" yent the driver Koestler from jeopardising his missioned him to cover the events of the (1951) he was gloomy in this respect: "Now life. Spanish Civil War in 1936-37. In doing so he I happen to believe that Europe is doomed, This incident was significant in a two-fold was captured by Franco's troops as a Leftist a chapter in history which is drawing to its *3y- Arthur Koestler is on the one hand an writer and sentenced to death; but due to fini^. . . . But I also happen to beUeve in author to whom a world-wide audience is strong British intervention the death sentence the ethical imperative of fighting evil, even listening with rapt attention. On the other hand was commuted to a term of imprisonment. if the fight is hopeless". "e is a typical non-conformist, imwilling to In his "Spanish Testament" (1937), Koestler This heroic fatalism is laudable, but not accommodate to others and to observe strict vividly described his emotions during the Jewish, because hope for survival is an article rules. 100 days of captivity. of Jewish faith. ^^rthur Koestler was bom on September 5, He was arrested again as an enemy alien In his following writings the former science 1905, in Budapest. He has enabled us to share in France in 1939, but escaped from gaol and writer of the Ullstein press came to the fore *he exciting drama of his youth and of his joined the French Foreign Legion. When again, but now in the shape of books and with ^^ly years of maturity by publishing two France fell in 1940, he fled to England where a much deeper insight into the subject at yolumes of a splendid autobiography, "Arrow he served in the British Army from 1941 to hand. In 'The Trail of the Dinosaur" (1955) «! the Blue" (1952) and "The Invisible 1942. he examined tiie chance of a religious reorient­ Wnting" (1954). He was brought up bilingu- These turbulent years saw his rise to world ation, in "The Sleepwalkers" (1959) he des­ ^y> speaking Hungarian at school and German fame on account of his critical analjrsis of cribed man's changing vision of the Universe, at home. Ady, the great Hungarian poet, Rilke, Communism in ancient and modern times: The in "The Act of Creation" (1964) he analysed *™®the, Heine and Byron were his favourite novel, "The Gladiators" (1939), was followed the creativity and function of the human Poets. Later in Vienna he was thrilled by by the novel, "Darkness at Noon" (1940), and mind, while in "The Roots of Coincidence" 5«>fmannsthal, the early Werfel, Peter Alten- a book of reflection "The Yogi and the Com­ (1972) he tried to penetrate the realm of extra­ wrg and Karl Kraus. Darwin's theory of evo- missar" (1945). sensory perception. fWion, which he got to know through Haeckel's "Darkness at Noon" was outstanding in as On the other hand "Scum of the Earth" Weltraetsel", led him to a study of natural much as it subjected the Soviet Russian method (1941) was a supplement to KoesUer's auto­ science and engineering, but his youthful spirit of criminal investigation to a devastating criti­ biography, a forceful account of his bitter •^t adventure recoiled from the prospect of a cism. The hero of the story, Rubashov, is a experience during his intemment and in the ^gular bourgeois career. He fell under the devoted Communist who has served the Party French Foreign Legion. spell of Vladimir Jabotinsky's powerful per­ with distinction, but his "offence" is that he Arthur Koestler is not only a prolific and sonality, who won him over to the cause of does not follow the Party line without using most influential, but sometimes also a contro­ "iditant Zionism. his brain. Therefore, he is arrested and ex­ versial writer. For example, he wrote in "The Driven by a youthful enthusiasm Koestler posed to a relentless war of nerves until he Lotus and the Robot" (1960): "Freud and fi°T^ a kibbutz in Palestine in 1926, only to confesses to crimes which he did not commit. Jung have never taken root in Japanese •i^d that he was completely unfit for heavy The investigator, Gletldn, who wipes him out, psychotherapy (though they are discussed Physical labour. Forced to leave the kibbutz, is himself afraid of Ivanov, his superior, and among literateurs) " This statement neither m ,^^^i"ed dire privation, till he began to both are afraid of Stalin. takes account of the Tokyo Institute for ^ke a living by his pen. This was the modest This powerful novel leads over Boris Paster­ Psycho-analytical Research nor of the groups tart of a truly great writer. His reports on nak's "Doctor Zhivago" to Alexander Solz­ of the Intemational Psycho-analytical Associa­ f'alestine opened the door of the mighty XHl- henitsyn's "Gulag Archipelago". tion in Tokyo and Sendai and their publica­ stein press to him in 1930. He was sent as one Koestler—to use his own words—had tumed tions. TTii^^ correspondents to Paris; later Dr. Franz away from the land of promise, i.e., Soviet Yet Koestler is always original. Thus, in >Jtlstein, the most inteUigent of the inistein Russia, and his contribution to ""The God that "The Ghost in the Machine" (1967) he wams ^^thers, appointed him science writer of the Failed" (1949), a collection of anti-Commu­ of the danger of over-population and of mass ^llstein press. He had—^to use a press slogan nist essays, expressed his disappointment. But destruction by atomic war, and he recommends •~ arrived". mass application of biological remedies in he still kept his eye on the promised land, order to improve the moral condition of the During these formative years he tumed to i.e., Palestine. His novel "Thieves in the Night" human race. ^ommunism under the strong infiuence of (1946) revealed his predilection for the mili­ What kind of impression did Arthur f?Sels, of Lenin's "State and Revolution", and, tant Zionism of the Jabotinsky brand, and Koestler make on eminent contemporaries? above all, of Willy Muenzenberg, the Com­ when he revisited Palestine at the time of Thomas Mann was the author whom the young munist leader, who was murdered in France the quarrel between the Irgun Zvai Leumi and Koestler admired most, but later when he ot Jk^' ^* occurred imder the pressure British troops, he went to see Jabotinsky's met him personally, he did not take to him, I the Nazi menace that Koestler joined the heir, the Irgun leader Menachem Begin, at his and Thomas Mann afterwards called him ^^ttian Communist Party on December 31, hiding place. "eine problematische Natur". anH •^^ Visited the Soviet Union in 1932-33 After the establishment of Israel, Koestler On the other hand, he became on friendly %h *^ strongly impressed by the fact that published "Promise and Fulfilment, Palestine terms with Jean-Paul Sartre and Simone de An^^ were no longer rich and poor, masters 1917-1949" (1949) in which he pictured the Beauvoir in Paris. This friendship, however, and servants, officers and other ranks. The development of Palestine under the British did not last, although Simone de Beauvoir istory of homo sapiens had started again Mandate into the independent Jewish State. endeavoured to do Koestler justice: "Success irom scratch". However, the conclusion which he drew was had gone to his head; he was vain and full of On mature consideration he realised, how- negative in general as well as from a personal self-importance. But he was also full of J'er, that the Bolshevist ideal is marred as point of view. "By making Hebrew their warmth, life and curiosity, the passion with ^n as it is put mto practice: "It is easy to official language, the small Jewish community which he argued was unlagging.. .." (Force of s tv,^^^ aU that is wanted is a synthesis—the of Palestine cast itself off not

E. G. Loicenthal of compromise between Neo-Orthodoxy and Reform, to comprehensively reorganise and expand religious instraction at the city's schools, to set up a women's organisation of PROTAGONIST OF LIBERAL JUDAISM the B'nai B'rith lodges and finally his last great endeavour — to edit together with Memoirs of Giesar Seligniann Published Elbogen a liberal Standard Prayer-Book ("Einheitsgebetbuch") which has remained in Mention of the name of Caesar Seligmann, 1870-71 war, his first long journey and his use to this day (1928/29; Berlin editions 1933 the renowned Frankfurt rabbi, prompts one experiences as a student in Munich and Bres­ and 1938). to ask what was his spiritual and intellectual lau, Excerpts of his description of the atmos­ Much space ds devoted to efforts to intensify platform, where he worked and what was his phere at the Jewish-theological seminary at liberal-Jewish organisation work such as: The relevance for posterity. In his history of the Breslau where he began to situdy in 1881, Association for Liberal Judaism (founded in Jews since the middle of the nineteenth cen­ were already published in the Year Book 1908); the Association of the Liberal Rabbis tury ("A Century of Jewish Life", Phila­ 1960 of the Leo Baeck Institute. Seligmamn of Germany (1898); the monthly magazine delphia 1953), Professor Ismar Elbogen singled also reports about his military service as an "Liberal Judaism" (1908-1920) and the "World out the "Guide-Lines for a Programme for "Einjaehriger" and about his first job as a Association for Progressive Judaism" (as from Liberal Judaism" as formulated by Dr. teacher of religion in Breslau. 1914 and 1926 respectively). Seligmann. In these guide-lines the rabbi pro­ The other parts of the book contain details Compared with all these intellectual and pounded a middle-of-the-road approach by of what were probably Seligmann's happiest organisational events in which Dr. Seligmann recognising the value of a living tradition years as a rabbi at the "Israelitische Tempel­ took an active and authoritative part in and and at the same time, doing justice to the idea verband" in Hamburg (1889-1902). There his from Frankfurt, the personal aspects are rele­ of evolution in religious matters. He neither sermons and lectures as well as his interest in gated to the background so that this part of opposed orthodoxy nor Zionism; to quote Dr. problems of Jewish youth brought him into the memoirs seems to be a kind of rendering Georg Salzberger (now in London), a younger stimulating contact with open-minded men of accounts rather than a recounting of ex­ Frankfurt colleague of his of many years' and women, and he gained much recognition periences and impressions. The private side is standing, he objected to "indifference, intoler­ and respect. The next period covers Selig­ again more in evidence at the end of the life ance and radicalism". In this context Salz­ mann's 34 valiant years in office in Frankfurt/ story, namely, at the time of his coming to berger referred to Seligmann's far-sighted Main (1902-1936). By way of introduction this terras with tlie emigration to England. pronouncement about the "Will to Judaism" chapter explains the intemal situation among Thanks to Caesar Seligmann, Frankfurt which alone tumed a Jew into a Jew. the Jews in Frankfurt which was particularly which until the beginning of our century had Caesar Seligmann died as an emigre in complicated at that time as it was prejudicial been a centre of the new orthodoxy, became a London on June 3, 1950, at the age of nearly to the Liberals and thus threatened to make focal point of religious liberalism. This was 90. At a service in his memory in the West them even more disinterested. The chapter pointed out in 1960 by Salzberger in a London Synagogue the speakers were, apart also describes in detail Seligmann's successful "laudatio" on the occasion of (the 100th anni­ from Salzberger, Seligmann's old friend Dr. efforts and suggestions to bring about a re­ versary of Seligmann's birth. A reprint of Leo Baeck, Rabbi Dr. Harold F. Reinhart (on form of divine service on positive Liberal 1 ines this tribute prefaces the memoirs. Those who behalf of the "Society for Jewish Study") and are interested in the history of (Jerman- Heinrich Stern, former chairman of the Asso­ Jewish life in the lasit 150 years will feel ciation for Lii>eral Judaism (Berlin). The enriched by reading Seligmann's memoirs. service was conducted by Dr. Hermann They occupy a place among the documents of Schrciber (formerly of Potsdam) and Curtis contemporary history. E. Cassell (formerly of Frankfurt/Oder). ThUo the deceased was honoured in his various MARTIN BUBER YOUTH HOSTEL capacities, as a scholar and teacher, as a By appointment to Opening Ceremony in Ueberlingen pastor, as a champion of Liberal Judaism and H M. Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother To promote understanding between young as a representative of the B'nai B'rith idea. Confectioners people of various backgrounds and countries, Attempts made in the past 25 years to make Ackermans Chocolates Ltd. London a Martin Buber Youth Hostel was recently Seligmann's memoirs available to a wider pub­ opened in Ueberlingen (Bodensee). The erec­ lic have repeatedly failed until now when the tion was made possible mainly by a legacy of Mr. Wemer Haberland, who died in 1970, notes, originally intended only for relatives and who was particularly interested in the and close friends and roughly covering the ACKERMANS development of a new post-war relationship period from 1866 to 1941, have come out in between Germans and Jews. As German an attractive form with good photos and a Federal President Walter Scheel, who was to selective bibliography. They are edited by his L^kocoCatei ^Jje cJLi4.xe open the hostel, was unable to attend because son, Dr. Erwin Seligmann (London) and pub­ of illness, his address was read by Secretary lished under the simple title "Caesar Selig­ IN BEAU'HFVLLT DESIGNED of State, Dr. Paul Frank. In his speech, t"'' mann: Erinnerungen". (Publication of the President stressed the importance of inter­ PRESENTA'nON BOXES national youth rallies. "At places like these, Commission for Research into the History of the problems of our time, such as the Euro­ the Frankfurt Jews; Publishing House Walde­ pean unification, the East-West question, but mar Kramer, Frankfurt/Main 1975.) csLiaueur ckocoiates also religious and philosophical themes can Varying in emphasis, the first third of the be discussed with youthful passion and yfj memoirs tells about Seligmann's parents and in an informal way," the President said. The his formative years, his school-days in Kaisers­ principle of dialogue, one of Martin Bubers lautern which included the period of the iflarzipan ipeclalltiei main postulates, had never been as topical as today in a world where people, nations ano Oulfignt Hijrc.h,.)se races have to find to each other out oi me or low coil Rental .UJiabetic ckocoiates political necessity. versatile Gorta Radiovision OOORPHONE SYSTEMS Service (Member R.T.R.A.) 13 Frognal Parade, Finchley Road, N.W.3 SALES REPAIRS We can provide a quick and efficient Colour Television 9 GOLDHURST TERRACE. Service. FINCHLEY ROAO, N.W.S (01-624 2742) (435 8635) JTERPHOME LTD fSSi^^-Sifr*: ^»ygit.v>;a;.rg,;pjt!5£ iilH

AJR INFORMATION September, 1975 Page 7 tlilde Guttmann on television. He wrote, among other things, the introduction to the edition of Walter Hasenclever's poems and plays as well as innumerable contributions to newspapers and IN MEMORY OF KURT PINTHUS magazines. Kurt Pinthus' encyclopaedic knowledge, his Professor Dr. Kurt Pinthus passed away at merung, Symphonie juengster Dichtung", the extraordmary memory, his vitality, his quest -^arbach/Neckar at the age of 89 years. Born first anthology of Expressionist poetry. In his for knowledge and his outstanding personality m Erfurt, he studied History of Literature, book, "Men, Myths and Movements in Ger­ made a great impression on everybody who Philosophy and General History at the Uni­ many", Professor W. Rose, London University, had the good fortune of meeting him. Though versities of Freiburg, Geneva, B^lin and describes it as "the most celebrated of the he was granted a long life, his death is a grave Leipzig where he took his Ph.D. He was one anthologies". A pocket-book edition appeared loss because he still had so much to give °f the founders and propagators of the in 1959, now titled "Menschheitsdaemmerung, and wanted to live to the age of 100 to do Expressionist movement, and as literary ein Dokument des Expressionismus', 65th all the many things he had in his mind. adviser to the publishing houses of Emst thousand. Rowohlt and Kurt Wolff he discovered many In 1933, Kurt Pinthus' name appeared on ELSE LASKER-SCHUELER PORTRAIT literary talents who became famous in later the first list of literature forbidden by the Dr. P. Goldscheider's Donation years. Nazis. He escaped from the Gestapo to the To many readers, including residents of the Kurt Pinthus was the first theatre critic in United States where he taught at the "New Homes, it will come as a surprise that their Central Europe who wrote serious reviews of School for Social Research" in New York. In tmsted physician. Dr. Paul Goldscheider, is Motion pictures. As early as 1913 he published 1941, he was appointed consultant on the also an accomplished painter. This became "Das Kinobuch', predicting the great artistic theatre collections of the Library of Congress, known to the wider public recently, when the and educational future of the movies and Washington D.C., and from 1947 until his Neue Rhein-Zeitung reported thia.t he had donated his portrait of Else Lasker-Schueler to offering the 15 first printed scenarios of films retirement in 1961, he taught History of the the Von-der-Heydt Museum in Wuppertal, the ^vritten by young poets and dramatists. Theatre in the Graduate English Department birthplace of the poetess. Dr. (^Idscheider, After the First World War he was, for a of Columbia University, New York. He lec­ who based his portrait on sketches, was a long­ few years, Max Reinhardt's dramatic adviser tured extensively and contributed to leading standing friend of Else Lasker-Schueler, and ill Berlin, but later he devoted all his time American newspapers and periodicals such as several publications of her letters, e.g. "Die- and work to the written and spoken criticism the "New York Times", "The American Wolkenbruecke" (Deutscher Taschenbuch Ver­ Scholar", "Books Abroad", etc. lag, Muenchen, 210 pp, DM 5.80), include °f literature, theatre and film. He became letters addressed to him during the years 1927- the leading critic of the "8 Uhr Abendblatt" Pinthus passed the usual age for retirement, 1945. They testify to the deep feeling of con­ out also contributed to many of the best Euro­ but finally it had to come. With the retire­ fidence, which this unique personality, blessed pean newspapers and magazines, such as ment from Columbia University the problem by an unsurpassed perception and, at the same "Berliner Tageblatt", "Frankfurter Zeitung", arose as to what to do with his library of time, marked by an imagination which defied ''Tagebuch", "Literarische Welt", etc. Further- over 10,000 books, a rare voluminous archive the realities of life, had m him. The originals "noTe, he lectured at the Lessing Hochschule and the invaluable collection of original of the letters are deposited in the Else Lasker-Schueler Archives of the Jewish Berlin. drawings, etchings, etc. Finally, the Schiller National and University Library in Jemsalem. In the winter of 1925-26, Kurt Pinthus National Museum Marbach, a well-known founded and administered by the poetess' delivered the first literary speech over the literary research centre, offered to house all literary executor, Manfred Sturmann. these possessions and make it a place of study. wireless in the history of the Berlin Radio and To mark the recent 30th anniversary of subsequently became one of the most popular Since Kurt Pinthus and his sister moved Else Lasker-Schueler's deaUi, the Jerusalem •"adio speakers and a member of the Literary to Marbach, he was consulted by students Radio dedicated a literary hour to her memory, Committee of the German Radio. from all over the world including Russia. He whicii included personal recoUections and In 1920, he had edited "Menschheitsdaem- spoke frequently on the radio and appeared readings from her works.

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Tel, 01-580 3264/0878 (P.BX.) 17 Grand Parade, Forty Avenue, Grams: FLEXATEX LONDON, Wembley Park, TELEX. Middx. HA9 SJS. HOUSE OF HALLGARTEN INT. TELEX 2-3540 53/79 Highgate Road, London, NWS 1RR Tel: 01-904 2339 choose Hallgarten-Choose Fine Wines Page 8 AJR INFORMATION September, 1975 yelly Engel 1943 zum erstenmal erschien, sah Sommer mit prophetischer Weisheit den Aufstand im Ghetto von Warschau voraus. Dieses Buch hat ERNST SOMMER ZUM ZWANZIGSTEN den groessten Leserkreis gefunden, es ist in viele Sprachen uebersetzt worden und hat die groessten Auflagen erlebt. "Doktor Rabelais" TODESTAG ist seiner Ironie wegen wohl das amuesanteste Buch, das Sommer geschrieben hat, sein letztes Als Ernst Sommer im September des Jahres demokratischen Partei gestellt. Der Zusam­ und traurigstes heisst "Das Leben ist die 1955 in London starb, nannte ihn ein hervor­ menstoss mit der Mentalitaet der Nazi Fuelle, nicht die Zeit" und enthaelt eine ragender Literarhistoriker in seinem Nachruf erweckte in ihm den Wunsch, das wahre Gegenueberstellung des kranken, menschlich "einen Meister des historischen Romans, Wesen des Judentums, dem er bis dahin warmen Ulrich von Hutten und des gefuehls- dessen Wert erst kommendc Geschlechter voll wenig Aufmerksamkeit geschenkt hatte, armen, gedanklich genialen Erasmus von begriefen werden". Diese Prophezeiung hat kennen zu lernen. Kaum war er in London Rotterdam. Es traegt dabei ergreifende sich bisher nicht erfuellt und es scheint, dass angekommen, stuerzte er sich daher in das selbstbiographische Zuege, die zwanzigste Wiederkehr seines Todestages Studium der Wissenschaft des Judentums, das Emst Sommer hat neben Gedichten, lite­ genug Anlass ist, eine weite Leserschaft auf ihm eine neue Welt eroeffnete. Sein Buch rarischen und joumalistischen Arbeiten fuenf­ die Werke dieses Schriftstellers aufmerksam "Hillel" war das erste Resultat dieser Studien. zehn Buecher veroeffentlicht. Sein ganzes zu machen, der dem Geist der Kriegs—und Dieses Werk, das Sommer wiederholt sein Lebenswerk ist in einer schoenen Monographic Nachkriegsjahre so offenen und tiefen Aus­ "Schmerzenskind" nann/te, gab seinem neu geschildert, die im Jahre 1971 von Frau Dr. druck gegeben hat. erworbenem Verantwortungsgefuehl fuer sein Vera Machackova-Riegerova verfasst und von Von dem Augenblick an da Sommer, vor juedisches Volk den ersehnten Ausdruck. der Prager Karl Ferdinand-Universitat in Hitlers Horden aus der Tschechoslovakei Martin Buber las das Manuskript und er­ deuitscher Sprache herausgegeben worden ist- fliehend, das rettende Ufer der britischen klaerte, dass es geradezu eine Notwendigkeit sei, es unter der heutigen juedischen Jugend Die zwanzig Jahre, die seit Ernst Sommers Inseln erreichte, scheint, wie er sich selbst Tod vergangen sind, sollten uns diesen hervor­ einmal ausdrueckte, ein unheilvoller Stem zu verbreiten, der Religionsphilosoph Fried­ rich Thieberger sagte darueber, dass es ein ragenden Repraesentanten der Exilliteratur sein Schifc-ksal gelenkt zu haben. Zwei seiner nicht vergessen lassen, bedeutendsten und erfolgreichsten Werke bewunderungswertes Bild vom juedischen waren bereits vorher erschienen: "Die Tem­ Leben und Weltempfinden gaebe und dabei LEOPOLD LUCAS PRIZE pler", deren Sprache "plastisch und von die hellenistische und die roemische Lebens- The recently established Leopold Lucas duesterer Glut an die Sonne des heUigen form meisterhaft schildere. Sommer selbst Prize of the University of Tuebingen was Landes und an die Flammen der Scheiter­ war ueberzeugt, in diesem Werk eine der awarded for the first time a short while ago- haufen" erinnert und "Die Botschaft aus tiefsten Wurzeln der geistigen Existenz des The recipients are the author Shalom Ben- Granada", die die Judenvertreibung aus juedischen Volkes freigelegt zu haben. Darum Chorin for 1974 and the member of the Tue­ war es sein Wunsch, dass dieses Buch in bingen Institutum Judaicum, Andreas Nissen, Spanien zum Gegenstand hat. Beide Buecher for 1975. The prize is to commemorate the wurden selbstverstaendlich in Hitler-Deutsch- Israel, in hebraeischer Sprache zuerst name of Rabbi Dr. Leopold Lucas, who was land verbrannt. erscheine. Eine grausame Krankheit, die nach rabbi of the Glogau Jewish community from jahrelangem Siechtum sein Leben abriss, 1899 to 1939. From 1940-1942, he taught at the Die innere Wandlung, die das Erlebnis des machte es ihm unmoeglich, die Veroeffent­ Berlin Lehranstalt fuer die Wissenschaft des Naziregimes in dem Menschen Emst Sommer lichung des "Hillel" zu betrieben und so Judentums. Together with his wife, he was ausloeste und ihren Ausdruck in neuen Wer­ existiert dieses Werk bis zum heutigen Tage deported to Theresienstadt, where he perished ken fand, fuehrte zu keinem gluecklichen Ende. nur im Manuskript und wartet auf seinen in 1943. Dr. Lucas had obtained his doctoral Sommer war in dem weitberuehmten Kurort Verleger. degree in Tuebingen. The prize was endowed Karlsbad ein angesehener Advokat gewesen In der "Revolte der Heiligen", die im Jahre by his son, Consul-General Franz D. Lucas, und hatte sich dort in den Dienst der sozial­ La Paz (Bolivia). E.G.L.

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AJR INFORMATION September, 1975 Page 9

tlie Yom Kippur War, on November 7, 1973, which was declared a national day of bereave­ THE ISRAELI SCENE ment for the fallen. On that day 36 per cent reported a positive mood. Before the Yom "DONA NOBIS PACEM" and in the musical appreciation of audiences, Kippur War, the average percentage was 67. the growing receptiveness for Bach's music, Recital of Bach's B minor Mass in Israel From the beginning of the current year, the also among many Israeli young people, and positive responses vary between 47 and 63 The Hamburg Monteverdi Choir, in a recent the influence of a new ecumenical spirit of per cent. The following is a description of the triumphal tour through Israel, gave a pro­ greater inter-religious tolerance encourage the trends in the past few months: foundly reverent recital of Bach's B minor hope that this important musical heritage of In the month of December, 1974, a rise in Mass. The performance will go down in the the West will in future be cultivated and the public's mood could be discerned, follow­ nistory of Israeli-German relations as being meet with wide response in Israel. At any ing the events such as the Rabat Conference of twofold significance, as a humanist-ethical rate, the guest performances of the Hamburg and the appearance of Arafat in the UN Assem­ and as an artistic event. When at the end of Monteverdi Choir which follow in a meaning­ bly (which had occurred a month previously the particularly successful concert at the ful way on last year's performance of Schoen­ and which had caused a relative decline in Jerusalem Municipal Theatre from whose berg's "Moses and Aaron" by the Hamburg mood). The rise continued in the month of forecourt one can see the evening lights of State Opera Company, are an auspicious January, 1975, with 59 per cent of the respon­ Bethlehem and the mountain range guarding promise. dents reporting good mood. In February this Abraham's Hebron, this great German choir E. GOTTGETREU percentage rose to 63 per cent approaching the intoned the almost hymnic prayer for peace, (Jerusalem) pre-Yom Kippur War level. a deeply moving symbolism was inescapable. On the day following the terrorist attack Nowhere in the world could the emotional THE PUBLIC'S MOOD on the Hotel Savoy in Tel Aviv (March 5), some «cho in the hearts of the audience have been decline in mood occurred—only 51 per cent stronger. Many people ask each other these days reported positively. . The choir's visit to Israel had been arranged "How are things " and "How's the mood?" In the second week after the Savoy attack, m co-operation with the German Govemment From the Continuing Survey carried out almost the Ben Shahar economic recommendations authorities in Bonn. The conductor, Juergen weekly by the Israel Institute of Applied were announced, and newspapers reported Juergens, found in the Israeli chamber Social Research, Jerusalem, jointly with the optimistic views on the political situation orchestra, trained by Gary Bertini, an ex- Communications Institute of the Hebrew (possible additional agreement with Egypt '^remely sensitive team of musicians who University, a picture emerges of the national through Dr. Kissinger's negotiations). Upturn "managed to live up to the lofty demands of mood: in recent months the public's mood resumed, and toward the third week of March the work (including the Bach trumpets) and has retumed to the pre-Yom Kippur War level. already 56 per cent of the public reported its conductor. In order to gain a true perspective as to good mood. Good performances of Christian church what is meant by "especially good" mood, On March 24, cessation of the Kissinger "lusic in the Holy Land are of a long-standing "especially bad" mood, or "normal" mood, talks was announced, indicating failiu^ to tradition which goes back to the times of one can examine the two extreme levels reach an additional agreement with Egypt. On the British Mandate and to whose constant recorded in the Continuing Survey which that day some decline in mood occurred again preservation the Sunday concerts, first of the started just before the Six-Day War (June, —the proportion falling to 47 per cent. Palestinian and now of the Israeli Radio 1967). The best mood was recorded two weeks The beginning of April again witnessed a Station in Jerusalem, have made a considerable after the Six-Day War, when 75 per cent rise. In mid-May, 59 per cent reported good contribution. The tangible improvement, reported positively. mood, and the end of the month winding up decade by decade, in the training of musicians Worst mood was recorded immediately after with 61 per cent, H.F.

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Stefan Bukowits were to take up guiding German tourists were provided with special instructions and suggestions, in case questions concerning the recent past had to be tackled. In particular, ANOTHER GERMAN INVASION? we were requested not to be influenced by recriminations when confronted with some of All the media keep reminding us of the was up, and German coaches, averaging 40-50 the more politically minded visitors. It was horrible summer of 35 years ago, of the ever- passengers each, could be seen lining up in pointed out to us that friction or feelings of increasing Nazi threats which absorbed and London's streets The visitors were keen to frustration had no part to play in the profes­ disturbed our thoughts, of Dunkirk and the study London, marvelling at the guard change sion; that tourist guiding was a new and decent greatest sacrifices made by the Allied armies, in front of Buckingham Palace, but perhaps opportunity of improving relations between but first and foremost of the mortal danger slightly disappointed not to notice any fog nations, and this was, in particular, applicable of an imminent invasion of this island by the in mid-July. Even the old English "pubs" to us. boastful Germans of that period. seemed to change pretty rapidly into German And so the new line was taken up. The Years have passed, peaceful decades have "Bierkeller" when the guests found out that tourists came, and the new "invasion" began. been thankfully acknowledged by all West the name of this beverage was easily trans­ They were (and are) mostly pleasant crowds Europeans, and yet our heading "A German latable, though they shook their heads about of ordinary holidaymakers, grateful for the Invasion" still seems to apply, albeit in a the somewhat incomprehensible licensing laws. information they receive, and—by virtue of mercifully different sense. When in the early How do we, the former refugees, react ? the time gap of over 30 years—to a large extent summer of 1940 Nazi propagandists invited Are our feelings positive or antagonistic ? Do members of the post-war generation. Many their followers with the slogan: we associate the relatively new arrivals with hundreds of young visitors arrive with their "Come to Brighton in July the events of the past with which we were most school teachers, are housed with English With the steamship Robert Ley" gravely concemed ? families, and may it is hoped make friends the inherent idea of visiting Britain had, of These questions cannot be answered in with the hosts, friendships that may last, and course, military connotations, sponsored by simple terms. People like ourselves, with our perhaps prevent future feuds and hostilities- their favourite leisure-organisation "Strength experiences and with our knowledge of the Many admire the sometimes puzzling ways of through Joy". Clearly, the Germans lost their German language must necessarily have British democracy, and nearly all love the old travel ambitions soon enough when war formed our own attitude, often motivated by traditions. They look incredulously at the fortunes tumed, and there is evidence that a subconscious link with the old home. Many orderly bus queues and at the habit that cars travels between Britain and Germany were very felt that on account of their origin they might really do stop at zebra crossings. Most of all. rare during the first post-war years. Perhaps have a positive part to play in order to create they are delighted with the friendly way in it is not surprising that Germans just did not useful and better understanding. which the average Briton will treat them or wish to spend a holiday at British coastal Years ago, the British Tourist Authority show them the way when lost in the vast resorts. (then "British Travel Association") opened Metropolis. . . . However, eternally "tempora mutantur" classes for those interested in guiding foreign Yes, they still arrive, and in ever-growing statistics show that, in line with the general tourists through London and surrounding numbers. Quite a few of our old refugee spread of intemational travel from 1955 on­ areas. It was the time when this country took friends (of pre-1939 days) have joined the wards, Gennan families, students and travel constructive steps in making tourism an active GuUd of Guides, and justly feel they are doing groups gradually started to come to this coun­ export factor. It opened up this island to a useful and rewarding job. Showing the try, exploring, sightseeing and wishing to re­ holidaymakers from wherever they came, thus beauty and the exemplary institutions of this establish contacts with friends old and new. earning precious foreign currency, and showed country can give pleasure to the visitors and, The number of German visitors increased from them the beauties and treasures of Britain of at the same time, some satisfaction to the hosts year to year and during the past decade the which one can be justly proud. Guide candi­ as well as to their "Liaison Officers". They are, influx developed into a steady stream. This dates were selected, and knowledge of lan­ hopefully, building a bridge for the next genera­ development was not altogether unexpected in guages proved useful. Examinations were held, tion when war memories will have sunk further view of the general tourist explosion, but even and those who qualified formed the nucleus into the background of history, and when work­ in 1974 (a difiicult year for tourism in Britain of this fairly new profession. ing within the framework of the EEC or any without a further rise of foreign visitors) the Those of us (and I say "us" because the similar organisation will finally prove to be a number of German holidaymakers in Britain writer and his wife are among them) who unifying success.

FAMILY EVENTS Deaths GERMAN-ENGLISH SPEAKING REVLON MANICURIST / PEDI- Entries in the column Family Eberstadt.—Mrs. Dela Eberstadt SECRETARY, German shorthand CURIST. Will visit your home- Events are free of charge. Texts died peacefully in hospital, on essential, required by intemational 01-445 2915. should be sent in by the 15th of August 2, aged 79. Beloved wife lawyer. Hours by arrangement. the month. of Otto Eberstadt and mother of Tel: 01-328 2700 or evenings and EXCLUSIVE FUR REPAIRS David and John Eversley. weekends 01-205 5705. AND RESTYLING. All kinds of Birthdays fur work undertaken by first-class Karman.—We are sad to announce HOUSEKEEPER REQUIRED for renovator and stylist, many years The AJR Club belatedly, but the death of Mrs. Hermine Karman elderly gentleman living alone in experience and best references- nevertheless most sincerely, ex­ of 7, Riffel Road, London, N.W.2 a small modern house adjoining Phone 01-452 5867, after 5 P-m- tends heartiest congratuations to on July 28. She will be sadly golf-course on outskirts of town for appointment, Mrs. F. PhiUpP' its dear member, Mr. S. Bischheim missed by her children, grand­ with excellent social and recrea­ 44 Ellesmere Road, Dollis Hill. on the occasion of his 90th birth­ children, relatives and friends. tional facilities. Own room with London, N.W.IO. day. All good wishes also to Miss TV and good salary are offered. Helene Zeisl who celebrated her Nussbaum.—Dr. Ilse Ruth Nuss­ Box 520. SOth birthday on August 30. baum, of 12, Underbill Road, St. Personal Helens, Lanes,, died suddenly and LADY CAR OWNER, based North Clay.—Mr. Walter Clay (formerly unexpectedly on July 28. Sadly London, available for trips, airport, INTELLIGENT LADY, widow, late Kleeberg). Congratulations on missed by her niece and family in shopping, doctors, etc. contact forties, would like to meet gentle­ Czechoslovakia, the Casson family AJR, 01-624 4449. man for friendship, N.W. London- your 70th birthday from your Box 515. loving wife Rosi. — 1 Abercom and other relatives in this country Situations Wanted Gardens, Kenton, Middx. and abroad and a large circle of WE WOULD LIKE TO FIND an friends. Women Clay.—^To our dear father and CONTINENTAL LADY, German- intelligent, possibly professional father-in-law, Mr. Walter Clay. Weiss.—Mrs. Ilse Weiss of London, speaking, seeks non-residential young man, for our daughter ag«

at the Vienna Volksoper—but the critics were THEATRE AND CULTURAL NEWS not kind to him and his efforts. New Book. "The Wohlbruecks" is the title Remember Fritz Kortner? This highly gifted of a book, published by Classen-Verlag, Munich. Programmes for the coming theatre Duesseldorf, which deals mainly with earlier season range from Schiller and Hauptmann to and most sensitive actor and producer is not generations of that family. It describes Johann Molnar and Nestroy with a special accent forgotten on the Continent. Some of his films Gottfried Wohlbrueck (1770-1822), a friend on modern and modemised plays. It would were seen during this summer, and they proved of the composers Meyerbeer and Weber, whose appear as if "Emilia Galotti" and Hebbels' once again his high-ranking qualities both granddaughter was a Viennese favourite fre­ "Maria Magdalena" have nowadays to be as an actor ("Dreyfus", 1930, with Grete quently seen in Nestroy's circle. Adolf Wohl- counterbalanced by Bond, Pinter and Handke, Mosheim and Heinrich George) and as a brueck's father was a circus clown whose life However, Brecht's "Puntila" (with Kurt director ("Sarajewo", 1955, with Luise Ullrich, is also the subject of this publicateon. Yet Meisel in the title role) may become one of Ewald Balser and Josef Meinrad). Kortner for anybody who hopes to find a detailed life the seasons highlights, and will be produced has left his own mark on German and Austrian story of our Wohlbrueck who became Anton py 80-year-old Hans Schweikart, who in the films, surviving a very stormy period, and Wallbrook, the book is rather disappointing, 'twenties and 'thirties, was one of the most gaining acclaim from two distinctly different although it presents a picture of the surround­ Popular actors of the Vienna "Volkstheater". generations. ings into which he was born. S.B. Berlin. O'Neill's "Long Day's Joumey into New Voice. Mona Seefried is one of the Night" wiU be presented with Maria Wimmer latest newcomers to the music scene, and she and Will Quadflieg in the main parts. wants to devote herself to the field of the SIMONE VEIL'S VISIT TO ISRAEL Vienna. The "English Theatre" at the Josefs- "Musical". She is the daughter of Irmgard Mrs. Simone Veil, the French Health Minis­ sasse could well meet the wishes of many Seefried, the opera singer, and Wolfgang English-speaking visitors from Westem coun­ ter, took part in a symposium at the Tel tries. Following the success of Noel Coward's Schneiderhahn, for many years leader of the Hashomer Hospital in Tel Aviv, and inspected Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra. Schneiderhahn a number of niedical institutions, as the guest "Private Lives", Miriam Karlin paid a visit of Mr. Victor Shemtov, Israel's Health Minis­ to that theatre, performing in the one-woman lately tried his luck as a conductor; he ter. Mrs. Veil is the author of a book on the play "Diarv of a Madame". attempted a revival of Schmidt's "Notre Dame" medical and psychological aspects of adoption.

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EDGWARE NURSING HELENA HOUSE SELECT RESIDENTIAL YOUR FIGURE PROBLEMS HOME Elegant registered home for the PRIVATE HOTEL SOLVED 36-38 Orchard Drive, Edgwaro, elderly in West London with all . . . by a visit to our Salon, where Exquisite Continental Cuisine ready-to-wear foundations are Middx. luxuries — lovely garden, grow H/c. C/h. Telephone in every expertly fitted and altered If Registered with the Borough of own vegetables—reliable staff— room. Large Colour TV. Lounges. Lovely Large Terrace & Qardens. required. Barnet and staffed in accordance excellent cuisine—all rooms— Very Quiet Position. Newest styles in Swim with their regulations. single or double with T.V.—C.H. We provide full nursing care for fvlorth Finchley, near Woodhouse & Beachwear & Hosiery throughout — individual attention. Grammar School. the sick elderly and for the We speak Continental languages. chronically ill of all ages. MRS. M. COLDWELL Mme H. LIEBERG Telephone for appointment: 11 Fenstanton Avenue, 871 Finchley Rd„ Golders Green, Matron: Miss K. McAteer London, N.12 01-996 0847 or 01-992 8779 N.W.ll (next to Post Office) Tel: 01-958 8196 Tel.: 01-445 0061 01-455 8673

Continental Boarding Hous* SWISS COTTAGE HOTEL BELSIZE SQUARE GUEST ROSEMOUNT GUEST HOUSE Well-appointed rooms, excellent food, TV, HOUSE harden. Congenial atmosphere. Reasonable 4 Adamson Road, Excellent food. Colour TV. ^ates. A permanent home for the elderly, London, N.W.S 24 BELSIZE SQUARE, N.W.3 Central heating. Large garden. Security and continuity ol manasement Tel.: 01-794 4307 or 01-435 2557 assured by TEL.: 01-722 2281 17 Parsifal Road, London, Mrs. A. Wolff & Mrs. H. WoHt (Jnr) Beautifully appointed—all modern tvtODERN SELF-CATERING HOLIDAY ROOMS. RESIDENT HOUSEKEEPER. N.W.6 3 Hematal Road, London, comforts. MODERATE TERMS. NW6 2AB. Tel.: 01-624 8521 1 minute from Swiss Cottaae Tube Station NEAR SWISS COTTACE STATION Tel.: 01-435 5856 & 8565 Page 12 AJR INFORMATION September, 1973 TWO BIRTHDAYS MISCELLANEOUS NEWS DR. GERTRUD LUCKNER 75 LEBANESE JEWS ISRAEL IMMIGRATION DROP On September 26, Dr. Gertrud Luckner A leading member of the 1,500-strong According to Immigrant Absorption Minis­ (Freiburg/Breisgau) will celebrate her 75tn Lebanese Jewish community has stated that try returns, during the first six months of birthday. She is one of those brave German per­ they were spared during the fighting between this year, immigration into Israel dropped by sonalities, who at great risk to themselves Arab terrorists and the Phalangist Party, more than 50 per cent compared with the helped the Jewish and "non-Aryan" Christian which reached a climax on Beirut in April same period last year. persecutees under the Nazi regime. She car­ and May. Much of the fighting took place Fewer immigrants are being allowed to leave ried out her missions in close co-operation near Beirut's Jewish district but no member the Soviet Union, but officials also point out with the late Archbishop of Freiburg, ^^^ of the community was harmed, although a that there has been a big reduction in the Groeber, and her clandestine activities also total of about 700 people were said to have number of settlers from Argentina, one of the brought her into touch with Dr. Leo Baeck- been killed and about 1,500 wounded in the principal countries of Jewish emigration in Eventually, she was caught and had to spend fighting which began in January. the West. the last two years of the war in the Ravens­ There is a general consensus in the country EX-NAZI HELPS JEWISH ELDERLY braeck concentration camp. After the war, that the Jews, who form a small but very she resumed her contacts with the few sur­ active minority, should be regarded as neutral Hitler's former Armaments Minister, Albert vivors, especially with Dr. Baeck, and also in the power struggle between the Palestinian Speer, who was freed from Spandau prison established new bonds of friendship witn terrorists and the Christian Phalangists. The in Berlin in 1966 after serving a 20-year sen­ former German Jews m various countries oi Jews, held in high esteem for their social tence for war crimes, has contributed over emigration. Until her retirement, she held a and commercial integrity, are protected by the £50,000 to a Jewish old people's home in the responsible position at the headquarters oi big Armenian community. United States. This is hatt the amoimt a West the Roman Catholic Caritas-Verband in Frei­ German newspaper is paying for the serial burg. Yet she still continues as editor of the The Lebanese Jewish leader also stated rights of his new book, "Jottings From My so-called "Freiburger Rundbriefe", which carry that recent reports suggested that the situa­ Spandau CeU". articles and press references pertinent to the tion of Syrian Jews was slightly easier. This Since his release from gaol, Speer has been Christian-Jewish relationship. Her birthday was due no doubt to pressure of world public living quietly in Heidelberg. coincides with the publication of the lOOtii opinion and in particular the representations issue of the "Rundbriefe", which she has of the French Committee for the Relief of PROFESSOR GERHARD MASUR edited since their inception in 1948. In grati­ Syrian Jews headed by Mr. Alain Poher, the The historian. Professor Dr. Gerhard Masur, tude we extend our sincerest birthday wishes president of the French Senate. died in Virginia (U.S.A.) at the age of 73. to our friend. Dr. Gertrud Luckner. From 1930-1935 he was lecturer at Berlin University. After his emigration, he was first HANS GAL 85 GREEK COMMUNITY Professor in Bogota (Columbia) from 1936-1945 and later at a college in Virginia. From 1956 The composer and musicologist Dr. phil- The first democratic poll resulting from the onwards, he also repeatedly gave guest lec­ Hans Gal, O.B.E., celebrated his 85th birthday replacement of the Greek military junta by tures in Berlin. His publications include works on August 5. To mark the occasion, the BBt- the Karamanlis Government was held by the on Ranke, Friedlich Julius Stahl and Goethe, broadcast a special programme in his honouT' Greek Jewish community when representatives as well as on Simon Bolivar and Nationalism which included one of Gal's chamber worKS of all the communities met in Athens to elect in South America. He also wrote a work about and songs by two composers about each oi the history of Berlin. E.G.L. whom he had written a book: Schubert and the 12 members of the Central Board. The Brahms. Bom in Lower Austria, Gal was a boards of the 13 Greek Jewish congregations NEW UNIVERSITY DEAN schoolmate and contemporary of Erich Kleibe" in different parts of the country had been Romanian-born Professor Emest Krausz, in Vienna. From 1923 to 1929 he was a lec­ administered by leaders appointed by the author of Jewish sociological studies in Britain turer of musicology at the University oi military junta since 1967 when the junta and former reader in sociology at the City Vienna. Afterwards, he became director oi seized power. University, London, has been appointed dean the Municipal School of Music in Mainz. When of the social sciences department at Bar-llan the Nazis came to power, he returned to Mr. Joseph Lovinger, who has headed the University in Israel. Dr. Krausz, who has been Vienna. In 1938, he emigrated to this country, Central Board of the Jewish communities professor of sociology at Bar-llan since 1972, where, until his retirement in 1957, he was a of Greece for seven years, was unanimously succeeds Austrian-bom Professor Solomon Poll lecturer of musicology at the University oi elected its president. as head of the department in October. Edinburgh.

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Published by the Association of Jewish Refugees in Great Britain, 8 Fairfax Mansions, London, NWS 6JY. 'Phone: 01-624 9096/7 (General Office and Administration of Homes): 01-624 4449 (Employment Agency and Social Services Department). Printed at the Sharon Press, 61 Lilford Road, S,E,5,