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Видовая Самостоятельность Astarte Inaequilatera (Filatova in Scarlato, 1981) И Замечания О Составе Astartidae (Bivalvia) Дальневосточных Морей России

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Видовая Самостоятельность Astarte Inaequilatera (Filatova in Scarlato, 1981) И Замечания О Составе Astartidae (Bivalvia) Дальневосточных Морей России Ruthenica, 2016, vol. 26, No. 2: 71-83. © Ruthenica, 2016 Published online June 3, 2016. http: www.ruthenica.com Видовая самостоятельность Astarte inaequilatera (Filatova in Scarlato, 1981) и замечания о составе Astartidae (Bivalvia) дальневосточных морей России К.А. ЛУТАЕНКО Институт биологии моря им. А.В. Жирмунского ДВО РАН, ул. Пальчевского, д. 17, Владивосток, 690041, РОССИЯ; e-mail: [email protected] Species validity of Astarte inaequilatera (Filato- ра, несмотря на всю их большую ценность, поро- va in Scarlato, 1981) and comments on the As- дил, по-видимому, и множество ошибок в интер- tartidae (Bivalvia) of the Russian Far Eastern претации синонимии и статуса видов из разных seas регионов Мирового океана, что уже критически начало обсуждаться в литературе, например, по Konstantin A. LUTAENKO моллюскам Китая и Новой Зеландии [Лутаенко, Волвенко, 2013; Marshall, Spencer, 2013; и др.]. В A.V. Zhirmunsky Institute of Marine Biology, Far Eastern данной статье разбирается случай необоснован- Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 17 Palchev- ной синонимизации двух видов сем. Astartidae skogo St., Vladivostok 690041, Russian Federation; e-mail: [email protected] d’Orbigny, 1844 из северо-западной части Тихо- го океана и приведены замечания о составе се- мейства региона. Двустворчатые моллюски-ас- SUMMARY. The validity of Astarte inaequilatera (Fila- tova in Scarlato, 1981) (Bivalvia: Astartidae) is substan- тартиды относятся к наиболее изменчивым пред- tiated. It is a Pacific, widely-distributed boreal species, ставителям класса, систематика которых сопря- earlier synonymized with the subtropical, Japanese- жена со значительными трудностями [Скарлато, Korean Astarte hakodatensis Yokoyama, 1920. A. ha- 1981; Smith, 1881; Lamy, 1919; Ockelmann, 1958; kodatensis differs from A. inaequilatera by the crenu- MacGinitie, 1959; Lubinsky, 1980; Coan et al., lated inner ventral margin of the shell, lack of undulat- 2000; Petersen, 2001; Zettler, 2001; Chrpa, 2013; ing commarginal ribs (only growth marks are present), Chrpa, Oleinik, 2015]. radial threads, and strongly produced anterior margin. Согласно последнему списку двустворчатых The shell of the former is thicker and darker, with a dark моллюсков дальневосточных морей России brown periostracum. A. inaequilatera usually has a [Lutaenko, 2013], астартиды в этом регионе yellow-brownish to olivaceous periostracum. A. hako- представлены 9 видами: Astarte elliptica (T. Brown, datensis differs from Astarte montagui (Dillwyn, 1817) by the crenulation of the inner margin and a smaller 1827), A. montagui (Dillwyn, 1817), A. borealis size. Detailed synonymies of both species are compiled (Schumacher, 1817), A. ioani Filatova, 1957, A. for the first time. Taxonomic and faunal comments on esquimalti (W. Baird, 1863), A. vernicosa Dall, the Astartidae of the Russian Far Eastern seas are 1903, A. arctica (Gray, 1824), A. inaequilatera provided. (Filatova in Scarlato, 1981) и A. crenata (Gray, 1824). Один из них, A. inaequilatera, редко упо- минался в литературе, а изображен был лишь при первоописании [Скарлато, 1981, фотографии В двух обширных книгах М. Хубер [Huber, 265–269; как Nicania inaequilatera]. Согласно 2010, 2015] предпринял обзор всей мировой фа- З.А. Филатовой и О.А. Скарлато [Скарлато, 1981, уны морских двустворчатых моллюсков, что яви- с. 203], этот вид является широко распростра- лось одним из наиболее важных событий мала- ненным бореальным и обитает на севере Японс- кологии двустворчатых за последние сто лет. кого, в Охотском морях и у Курильских остро- Многие его таксономические и номенклатурные вов. Хубер [Huber, 2010; 2016] синонимизиро- решения положены в основу World Register of вал A. inaequilatera c описанным из плейстоцена Marine Species (WoRMS) и MolluscaBase, двух Японии (Хонсю) и обитающим в настоящее вре- наиболее авторитетных электронных баз данных мя вдоль берегов Японии [Higo et al., 1999] и у по моллюскам. Однако “быстрый” стиль обсуж- япономорских берегов Кореи [Lutaenko et al., дения таксономических проблем в книгах Хубе- 2003] Astarte hakodatensis Yokoyama, 1920 72 К.А. Лутаенко [Yokoyama, 1920]. Хубер [Huber, 2010, p. 651] в fig. 1; Ogasawara, 2001: 236; Lutaenko et al., 2003: 164, свойственной ему манере лишь кратко упомянул pl. 2, figs. 5, 7, 8; Amano et al., 2008: 521; Amano et al., причины синонимизации (“… neither biogeography, 2009: 602, fig. 6-2; Toba, 2009: 83, fig. 26 (p. 84); shape, the 12 mm-size, nor the sublittoral habitat Yamazaki et al., 2009: 59; Amano et al., 2011: 515; Lutaenko, Noseworthy, 2012: 57, pl. 26, figs. C–F; offers distinguishing marks”). Однако изучение Yamazaki et al., 2012: 68; Lutaenko, Noseworthy, 2014: коллекций ЗИН РАН, ЗМ ДВФУ и МИБМ не 169, fig. 8K. подтверждает эту точку зрения. В этой связи Astarte cf. hakodatensis. – Hatai, Masuda, 1962: 258. ниже обсуждаются различия этих двух и близ- Astarte (Astarte) hakodatensis. – Oyama, 1973: 90, pl. 37, ких к ним видов и впервые составлена их под- figs. 1, 2; Matsuura, 1977: 154, pl. 19, fig. 1; Ogasawara, робная синонимия. 1977: 104, pl. 11, figs. 5a, b; Ichikawa, 1983: 469; Ogasawara, 1986a: 189, pl. 21, figs. 14a, b, 17; Ogasawara, В статье использованы следующие сокраще- 1986b: 239; Кафанов, 1991: 49. ния: ЗМ ДВФУ – Зоологический музей Учебно- Типовой материал: Согласно Огасавара научного музея Дальневосточного федерального [Ogasawara, 2001], голотип хранился в GT (без университета, Владивосток (ZMFU – Zoological номера), а затем был перемещен в UMUT. Со- Museum, Educational and Science Museum of the гласно онлайн-базе данных музея UMUT (Paleon- Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia); tology Collections Database: http://umdb.um.u- ЗИН РАН – Зоологический институт Российской tokyo.ac.jp/DKoseibu/en/index.html), здесь хранит- академии наук, С.-Петербург (ZIN – Zoological ся лектотип (№ UMUT CM 20486) и паралектотип Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Peters- (№ UMUT CM 20487) (Рис. 2), а также два burg, Russia); МИБМ – Музей Института биоло- типовых лота (№№ UMUT CM 20489, UMUT CM гии моря им. А.В. Жирмунского ДВО РАН, Вла- 20490; указаны на сайте как синтипы). Лектотип дивосток (MIMB – Museum of the A.V. и паралектотип были выделены Ояма при реви- Zhirmunsky Institute of Marine Biology, Far East зии коллекции М. Йокояма по рисункам [Oyama, Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1973, pl. 37, fig. 2 (CM 20486) – лектотип, fig. 1 Vladivostok, Russia); GT – Geological Institute, (CM 20487) – паралектотип (ошибочно написано Faculty of Science, Tokyo University, Tokyo, Japan; “paratype”)], при этом для обоих лотов Ояма LACM – Natural History Museum of Los Angeles [Oyama, 1973] указал “missing”. Однако на сайте County, Malacology Section, Los Angeles, USA; приведены фотографии этих экземпляров и эти- UMUT – the University Museum, University of кетки, видимо, найденные позже (Рис. 2). Типо- Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. вое местонахождение – Косиба, полуостров Ми- ура, восточный Хонсю (плейстоцен). Таксономия Просмотренный материал: ЗМ ДВФУ (18 Надсемейство Crassatelloidea экз). Férussac, 1822 Замечания: От A. inaequilatera этот вид чет- Семейство Astartidae d’Orbigny, 1844 ко отличается кренулированным вентральным краем раковины, более толстостенной раковиной (при длине 11.4 мм, толщина в привентральной Род Astarte J. Sowerby, 1816 области около 0.8 мм, тогда как у A. inaequilatera при длине раковины около 11 мм ее толщина – Astarte hakodatensis Yokoyama, 1920 0.5 мм), более темным, до черно-коричневого, Рис. 1, A–L; 2; 3 цветом периостракума, отсутствием отчетливых Astarte hakodatensis Yokoyama, 1920: 140, pl. 11, figs. 5, 6; ундулирующих ребер (от undulation в смысле Yokoyama, 1922: 164; Yokoyama, 1926a: 299; Yokoyama, Carter et al. [2012]), наличием радиальной струй- 1926b: 379; Yokoyama, 1927a: 448; Yokoyama, 1927b: чатости, от A. montagui – наличием кренуляции и 169; Sasaki, 1933: 16; Otuka, 1935: 889, pl. 56, figs. значительно меньшими размерами, также см. 148–150; Otuka, 1936: 60; Otuka, 1937: 1022; Nomura, Таблицу 1. Hatai, 1940: 81; Habe, 1951: 103; Kuroda, Habe, 1952: Изображаемый в японской палеонтологичес- 14; Habe, 1958: 20, pl. 1, figs. 17, 18; Ogose, 1961: 119; Habe, 1968: 177, pl. 55, fig. 6; Higo, 1973: 331; Masuda, кой литературе Astarte bennettii Dall, 1903 (из Noda, 1976: 291; Habe, 1977: 160, pl. 30, figs. 4, 5; Ito, плиоценовых и плейстоценовых отложений) 1978: 210; Kobayashi, 1986: 250; Kobayashi et al., 1986: [Kaseno, Matsuura, 1965, pl. 8, fig. 10; Matsuura, 114; Ogasawara et al., 1986: pl. 31, figs. 5a, b; pl. 39, figs. 1977, pl. 3, fig. 18] проявляет некоторое сходство 14a, b; pl. 43, figs. 5a, b; pl. 57, figs, 1a, b; 5a, b; pl. 62, с этим видом, но на фотографиях не заметна figs. 4a, b; 5a, b; Yasui, 1988: 247, 248; Akamatsu, Suzuki, кренулированность внутреннего края створок. 1990: pl. 2, fig. 12; Kitamura, 1991: 40; Akamatsu, Suzuki, По форме раковины A. hakodatensis также 1992: 6, pl. pl. 2, fig. 11; Kobayashi, Nomura, 1992: 168; Higo, Goto, 1993: 610; Amano, 1994: 243, pl. 1, figs. 4, напоминает “Astarte loxia Dall, 1903” из северо- 9–13, 17, 18; Higo et al., 1999: 469; Amano et al., 2000: восточной части Тихого океана (описан как 887, pl. 1, figs. 12a, b; Matsukuma, 2000: 947, pl. 474, Astarte rollandi loxia Dall, 1903 [Dall, 1903]; лек- Astarte inaequivalvis и Astartidae дальневосточных морей 73 РИС. 1. Astarte hakodatensis Yokoyama, 1920: A, B – Япония, префектура Исикава, формация Омма (плейстоцен), длина раковины 9.5 мм, ЗМ ДВФУ № 19986/Bv-3074; C, D – Япония, префектура Исикава, формация Омма (плейстоцен), длина раковины
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