Supplement of Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 2489–2518, 2015 http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/15/2489/2015/ doi:10.5194/acp-15-2489-2015-supplement © Author(s) 2015. CC Attribution 3.0 License. Supplement of A comprehensive laboratory study on the immersion freezing behavior of illite NX particles: a comparison of 17 ice nucleation measurement techniques N. Hiranuma et al. Correspondence to: N. Hiranuma (
[email protected]) 1 S1. Supplementary Methods 2 3 This supplementary information provides additional details for the measurement 4 techniques of immersion freezing of illite NX particles with S1.1. suspension techniques and 5 S1.2. dry-dispersed particle measurement techniques (both in alphabetical order as in Table 6 1). The discussions of measurement uncertainties of temperature and ns for each measurement 7 technique are also provided. We note that the uncertainty in frozen fraction (α) used in 8 calculating ns may not be adequate, since the sensitivity of Δα (an increase or a decrease in 9 frozen fraction) is much higher at high temperatures which unexceptionally coincide with a 10 low fraction of frozen illite NX. 11 12 S1.1. Suspension techniques 13 14 Bielefeld Ice Nucleation ARraY (BINARY) 15 16 The BINARY setup is an optical freezing apparatus that makes use of the change in 17 droplet brightness during freezing for the automated and simultaneous detection of ice 18 nucleation in 36 microliter-sized droplets. The droplets are positioned on a hydrophobic glass 19 slide that rests on top of a Peltier cooling stage (Linkam LTS 120). The 36 droplets are 20 separated from each other by a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) spacer in order to prevent a 21 Wegener-Bergeron-Findeisen process.