Full & By The crew journal of the barque James Craig. INTERNATIONAL FLEET REVIEW. ISSUE 33. NOVEMBER 2013. Full & By The crew journal of the barque James Craig. CONTENTS. • Sea Fever. 2. John Masefield. • Sydney’s Martello Tower. 3. Peter Davey. • Arrival of Australia’s Navy. 5. • The Entrance How the Ship Came In. 6. • Old Ironsides Gets a New Commander. 8. Javier Panzar. • James Craig Goes to Jervis Bay. 9. John Cowie. • Naval Ships Converge on Jervis Bay. 11. • Fleet Review Jervis Bay, Day 2. 11. • James Craig Welcomes the 2013 Fleet. 13. John Cowie. • Lady Hopetoun Takes Part in the Ceremonial Fleet Review. 14. John Cowie. • 2013 Sydney Auckland Tall Ship Regatta. 17. John Cowie. • City of Adelaide - A Ship Renamed. 18. • The City of Adelaide. 18. Web site: www.shf.org.au/JCraig/JCraig.html Compiled & edited by: Peter Davey. [email protected] Contributors: various. Sub-editor & Layout: John Cowie [email protected] Cover photo: HMA Ships Sydney, Darwin, Perth, Par- ramatta, Bundaberg & Diamantina. Image: John Cowie. The opinions expressed in this journal may not neces- sarily be the viewpoint of the Sydney Maritime Museum, the Sydney Heritage Fleet or the crew of the James Craig or its officers. 1 Issue 33 SEA FEVER. I must go down to the seas again, to the lonely sea and the sky, And all I ask is a tall ship and a star to steer her by, And the wheel’s kick and the wind’s song and the white sail’s shaking, And a gray mist on the sea’s face, and a gray dawn breaking. I must down go to the seas again, for the call of the running tide Is a wild call and a clear call that may not be denied; And all I ask is a windy day with the white clouds flying, And the flung spray and the blown spume, and the sea-gulls crying. I must go down to the seas again, to the vagrant gypsy life, To the gull’s way and the whale’s way, where the wind’s like a whetted knife; And all I ask is a merry yarn from a laughing fellow-rover, And quiet sleep and a sweet dream when the long trick’s over. (from Salt-Water Ballads, 1902) By John Masefield (1878-1967). (English Poet Laureate, 1930-1967). Image : John Cowie. 2 Issue 33 Sydney’s Martello Tower. possible threats by foreign forces caused a review of the harbour’s defences to be undertaken. Construction commenced in 1841 but was not completed. Construc- tion was recommenced in 1855, a result of fears of a Russian naval attack during the Crimean war (1850s), but it took until 1857 for is completion, well after the end of the Crimean War. ort Denison features a distinctive Martello tower, the Fonly one built in Australia and the last one con- structed in the British Empire. The walls are between 3.3 Image:Image: wikipedia. wikipedia. meters and 6.7 meters. The tower is one of the few to be damaged by shell fire. In May 1942 three Japanese ort Denison1 with its Martello tower has an interesting two-man midget-submarines attacked SydneyHarbour. Fhistory which is worth passing on to James Craig’s Their prey was the Cruiser USS Chicago which let fly visitors. The tower was inspired by a round fortress with everything causing some damage to the tower which was part of a Genovese defence system at Mor- which still remains visible. tella (Myrtle) Point in Corsica. This tower was originally Peter Davey. Seaman (sail Barque James Craig) built to alert villagers of pirate attacks and to ward off foreign invasions. In February 1774, during the Napoleonic wars, two Brit- ish warships HMS Fortitude (74 guns) and HMS Juno (32 guns) unsuccessfully attacked the tower at Mortella Point. The warships pounded the tower for two and half hours resulting in HMS Fortitude being very much damaged by red-hot shot and suffering over 60 casuali- ties. The walls of the tower were of prodigious thickness and almost impervious to the cannon fire. The tower eventually fell to British land-based forces after two days fighting and a lucky shot. Both the Navy and Army were Image: State Library of NSW impressed with the strength of the tower. A plan of the tower, made by an army engineer, was greatly admired References: by Admiral Jervis2* and, with his recommendation, it be- Fleet Battle and Blockade. The French Revolutionary War 1793-1797 came the basic design for similar defence towers along Chatham Publishing Great Britain 1996 Internet. the south coast of England. However the British got the Endnotes: name wrong by misspelling “Mortella” as “Martello” 1. Fort Denison was Initially known as Rock Island, but became know as Pinchgut in 1788 when a convict, Thomas Hill, was sentenced to a week there, in irons, on bread and water. 2. Jervis Bay. (South of Sydney) The Bay was sighted by Lieutenant James Cook on the Bark Endeavour in 1770. In August 1791 the bay was entered and named by Lieutenant Bowen, aboard the convict transport ship Atlantic of the Third Fleet, in honor of Admiral John Jervis under whom he had served. Admiral Jervis’s most famous battle was the Battle of the Cape of St. Vincent. The British and Spanish fleet sighted one another at dawn on 14 February 1786. Onboard the quarter deck of HMS Victory , after a count of the Spanish vessels, Admiral Jervis realized that he was outnumbered nearly two-to-one (15 British ships to 27 Spanish ships) Image: wikipedia. and the quarter-deck conversation was recorded as; There are eight sail of the line, Sir John” etween 1804 and 1812 Britain built a chain of tow- “Very well, sir” “There are twenty sail of the line, Sir John” Bers based on the original Mortella Tower (Torre di “Very well, sir” Mortella) to defend the south and east coast of England. “There are twenty five sail of the line, Sir John” A total of 103 were built. During WW2 a number were “Very well, sir” returned to military service as observation platforms and “There are twenty seven sail of the line, Sir John” Enough, sir, no more of that; the die is cast, and if there are fifty I will for anti-aircraft artillery. Forty seven survive in England go through them. with a few being restored and transformed to Museums It was a great and welcome victory for the Royal Navy – 15 British and residences. They were also built in various coun- ships defeated a Spanish fleet of 27 ships which was made up of a tries around the world with Sydney’s Fort Denison being greater number of guns and men. Admiral Jervis had trained a highly disciplined force and this was pitted against an inexperienced Spanish completed in 1857. navy. The Spanish men fought fiercely but without direction. British n 1839 two American warships entered Port Jackson casualties were 73 killed and 227 badly wounded. The Spanish had and circled Pinchgut Island. The resultant concern of over 1000 men killed or badly wounded. Jervis was made a Baron I and Nelson a Rear-Admiral. 3 Issue 33 NEY HMAS SYD . H E MAS MELBOURN . MATTA. HMAS PARRA AUSTRALIAN 13 FLE 19 ET E . H T RALIA HMAS AUST . YARRA. R. HMAS ENCOUNTE HMAS Images: SHF Collection. RREGO. HMAS WA 4 Issue 33 rom out the morning mist the long grey line came of the Sydney - 17 per cent, of them Australians - sailed in. It was not the Great White Fleet this time. It was out of the same harbour on July 21, with memories of Fthe Great Grey Fleet - a smaller, but a greater thing the old flagship of Trafalgar and the gallant sailor whose to us than the warships of the United States. We were famous signal reminds us of what Australia, as well conscious of the pride of ownership as we watched that as England, expects of every man in her navy. And it thin grey line over the waters come creeping on from the would have been strange if the people who on Saturday east, and growing larger and larger as it came. It was watched our ships come in, and not recalled memories Australia’s Fleet in Being. of the past, of the glories of the Royal Navy, and of As Mr. Fisher, the ex-Prlme Minister, put it, as he stood famous British warships and their commanders - of the at the rail of the steamer Kubu with Senator Millen (Min- Victory and Nelson, the Revenge and Sir Richard Gren- ister for Defence) and Senator Pearce (ex-Minister for ville, the Queen Charlotte and Lord Howe, the Ramillies Defence), and watched the Fleet come in, “The thing is and Admiral Byng, the Royal George and Kempenfeit, done, and there is now no turning back.” the Royal Sovereign and Collingwood, and many other It was the thought that was uppermost in all men’s famous ships and men. minds - the scores of thousands of them who, on land Was it but coincidence, or was it the memory of Colling- and water, were gazing at the ships. The thing was wood’s own words as he took the Royal Sovereign into done. The talking time was past. The net had been action, that led one on board the Kubu to exclaim: “What performed. There In front of their eyes, on this bright would Nelson give to be here!” morning, was the splendid realisation of the dream of WORLDS TO KEEP.