Idpfactsheet:Erbil Governorate
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Summary of analysis: IDP FACTSHEET: ERBIL GOVERNORATE IDPs crossing into Erbil Governorate are coming primarily from the governorates of Ninewa, Salah Al Din and Anbar, most of whom have entered through the Khazir IRAQ entry point located at the Ninewa-Erbil governorate, and a few via the Tasluja entry point in Sulaymaniyah Governorate. DATE OF ASSESSMENT: 17 – 25 JUNE 2014 From there, IDPs are moving towards towns and cities within Erbil Governorate, Erbil Governorate is located in the north of Iraq, with a population of roughly 2 million, including Erbil City. Their destination is primarily dictated by the presence of according to figures from 2011. It hosts a significant number of internally displaced immediate family members or tribal affiliations. Many are also influenced by the persons (IDPs) who have fled the areas adjacent to it, notably Ninewa and Salah Al Din availability of temporary housing, particularly in Erbil City and the town of Shaqlawa governorates, and sought temporary refuge in what is perceived to be a relatively more where there are many hotels and apartments available to rent short-term. secure area. The sudden and constant influx of IDPs into Erbil Governorate since the start of June 2014 has made it challenging to determine their location and priority With a majority relying on their own savings to meet their basic needs, secondary needs in order to plan the distribution of emergency response services. displacement is generally affected by the need to seek a lower cost of living. In Shaqlawa, for example, while a majority of IDPs arrived directly from the border to On this basis, REACH Initiative was rapidly deployed across the Erbil Governorate find housing, the rest are likely to have gone to Erbil City but chosen to move a between 17 and 24 June 2014 to areas with a reported high concentration of IDPs. second time to find more affordable housing. While a majority of IDPs assessed Field teams conducted short surveys with IDP families in Erbil City and surrounding reported not planning to move from their current location within the next 10 days, it areas staying in hotels, rented accommodation, host accommodation and public areas. is likely that tertiary, or in some cases secondary, displacement will also be This factsheet highlights key findings regarding displacement trends and most urgent influenced by the need to find more affordable living arrangements. needs extracted from these interviews, complemented with information collected through daily monitoring at key entry points in Erbil Governorate to triangulate This is what has occurred in Basirma. Here, a majority of IDPs arrived back in May displacement trends. 2014 and were displaced on average twice before arriving in Basirma. All the IDPs assessed reported having been in Shaqlawa before and it is likely their first displacement was in Erbil City or the peripheral areas. They all reported staying in rented apartments (see Case Study: Basirma City, p. 5). Generally, the greatest need for IDPs is support to cover rental cost which signifies that a majority are staying in rented apartments or hotels across Erbil Governorate. It should be noted that because of the unique situation in Basirma, it does not feature as part of the aggregated analysis in this factsheet. Individual factsheets for each area assessed are also available. 1 DISPLACEMENT Most IDPs entered Erbil Governorate through the Khazir entry point located at the Ninewa-Erbil governorate border. Tasluja entry point, in Sulaymaniyah Governorate, was also commonly reported, especially among IDPs in Bahrka, Erbil City and Pirzin. It The sudden onset of clashes in the governorates of Anbar, Ninewa and Salah Al Din in is common for those coming into Kirkuk Governorate to get to Erbil Governorate to use the past month forced many families to leave their homes with little to no notice. Many this entry point because the main highway connecting Kirkuk City and Erbil City is often have chosen to stay in Erbil Governorate as it is reportedly perceived as a relatively closed and there are serious security concerns due to the surrounding clashes in the safe area. Having left their homes in a rush, they have arrived with few personal area. possessions and fast depleting economic resources among those staying in hotels and rented apartments, which are the most common types of housing arrangements. The need to find cheaper housing opportunities is a common factor influencing secondary 82% ARRIVED THROUGH THE KHAZIR ENTRY POINT and tertiary displacement. KHAZIR ENTRY POINT (NINEWA-ERBIL GOVERNORATE BORDER) 98% LEFT THEIR PLACE OF ORIGIN BECAUSE OF CONFLICT OCCURRING IN THEIR VILLAGE/NEIGHBOURHOOD OR DISTRICT A majority of IDP families assessed at the Khazir entry point did not know where they would go if they were not allowed to enter Erbil Governorate. A large ON AVERAGE IDPS WERE DISPLACED FOR 3 DAYS SINCE LEAVING THEIR AREA OF proportion said they would try another entry point, most likely to the north into ORIGIN AND BEFORE ARRIVING IN THEIR CURRENT LOCATION Duhok Governorate, or go back to their area of origin. The primary areas of origin of IDPs assessed on this day at Khazir entry point was Mosul District and The length of displacement was highest among IDPs in Basirma City, most of whom Telafar District, both in Ninewa Governorate. entered the KRI in early May 2014 and originate from Anbar Governorate; on average Try a different entry point they were displaced for 12 days. Try this entry point again Go to a camp Generally, IDPs crossing into Erbil Governorate originate from the adjacent Go back to area of origin governorates of Ninewa and Salah Al Din. Many were also coming from Anbar Do not know Governorate, staying in Basirma City, Zerin Town and Shaqlawa, as a result of 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% intensified fighting in this region which began earlier this year. The proportion of those from Anbar was particularly high in the town of Shaqlawa (47%). A small percentage (8%) said they would go to a camp, the nearest one is Khazir Transit Site which lies just over the border from Erbil Governorate in Ninewa Governorate. At the time of REACH Initiative’s assessment 17 June 2014 there 40% ORIGINATE FROM MOSUL DISTRICT, NINEWA GOVERNORATE were 330 IDP families staying there. The priority need identified was water, followed by NFIs and food. At the time of the assessment, 43% were relying on See the map Erbil Area of Origin (pg. 6) for a breakdown of the area of origins of IDP assistance in the camp to meet basic needs while 27% said they were not families per area assessed in Erbil Governorate. receiving any support. Roughly 37% reported only having sufficient economic resources to meet basic needs for less than 1 week. 2 The peak date of influx across the border into Erbil Governorate was 11 June 2014 84% WERE DISPLACED WITHIN ERBIL DISTRICT PRIOR TO ARRIVING IN THEIR which was also the same date on which a majority of assessed IDP families reported CURRENT LOCATION arriving in their current location. Dates of arrival into Erbil Governorate Shaqlawa District 20% Duhok District Erbil District 15% Kirkuk District Al Hawiga District 10% Sulaymaniyah District 5% The first destination of IDPs is primarily dictated by the presence of family members, 0% and secondly by tribal affiliations (26%). The largest proportion of IDPs reporting 3-Jun 5-Jun 7-Jun 9-Jun 11-Jun 13-Jun 15-Jun 17-Jun 19-Jun 21-Jun 23-Jun choosing their location based on tribal links was in Erbil City (38%). Many were also influenced by the availability of temporary housing (14%), particularly in Basirma, Erbil On average, IDPs were displaced 1.5 times between entering the KRI and arriving in City, Pirzin and the town of Shaqlawa where there were many hotels and apartments their current location. However, 32% reported being displaced twice which suggests a available to rent short-term. In Shaqlawa, 44% of assessed IDP families said they mildly prevalent trend of secondary displacement in Erbil Governorate. In Basirma, came because of the availability of temporary housing. where many IDPs crossed the border in early May 2014, this was particularly noticeable with on average families having stopped 2 times before arriving whereas in 53% CAME TO ERBIL GOVERNORATE TO JOIN THEIR IMMEDIATE FAMILY other areas it was 1 time on average. 51% STOPPED AT LEAST ONCE SINCE CROSSING INTO THE KRI AND BEFORE 21% HAVE IMMEDIATE FAMILY MEMBERS REMAINING IN THEIR AREA OF ORIGIN ARRIVING IN THEIR CURRENT LOCATION. OF THESE, 32% STOPPED TWICE. From the border, IDPs are moving directly towards towns and cities within Erbil A majority of IDPs came to Erbil Governorate with all their immediate relatives. Of Governorate, including Erbil City. A majority of families had stayed in Erbil District prior those who have immediate members still in their area of origin (21%), a majority (86%) to their current location, and many had also stayed in Shaqlawa because of the reported that these were intending to join them in their current location. Only in Basirma availability of temporary housing in this well-known tourist town. The rest had stayed in and Pirzin did a majority say family members staying in their area of origin did not plan another governorate, primarily Duhok, before crossing into Erbil Governorate and to join them (these were from Baghdad Governorate and Anbar Governorate). On arriving directly to their current location. average, 1.7 family members had stayed behind. This was highest in Basirma. 3 INTENTIONS CURRENT SITUATION Most IDP households were not certain of where they will be in the next 10 days; those The average household size of IDP families in Erbil Governorate is 5.7 Many were who did know were likely to stay in their current location.