Competition and Choice in Banking

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Competition and Choice in Banking House of Commons Treasury Committee Competition and Choice in Banking Ninth Report of Session 2010–11 Volume II Oral and written evidence Additional written evidence is contained in Volume III, available on the Committee website at www.parliament.uk/treascom Ordered by the House of Commons to be printed 24 March 2011 HC 612–II Published on 2 April 2011 by authority of the House of Commons London: The Stationery Office Limited £22.50 The Treasury Committee The Treasury Committee is appointed by the House of Commons to examine the expenditure, administration, and policy of HM Treasury, HM Revenue and Customs and associated public bodies. Current membership Mr Andrew Tyrie MP (Conservative, Chichester) (Chairman) John Cryer MP (Labour, Leyton and Wanstead) Michael Fallon MP (Conservative, Sevenoaks) Mark Garnier MP (Conservative, Wyre Forest) Stewart Hosie MP (Scottish National Party, Dundee East) Andrea Leadsom MP (Conservative, South Northamptonshire) Mr Andy Love MP (Labour, Edmonton) John Mann MP (Labour, Bassetlaw) Mr George Mudie MP (Labour, Leeds East) Jesse Norman MP (Conservative, Hereford and South Herefordshire) David Ruffley MP, (Conservative, Bury St Edmunds) John Thurso MP (Liberal Democrat, Caithness, Sutherland, and Easter Ross) Mr Chuka Umunna MP (Labour, Streatham) Mr David Rutley MP (Conservative, Macclesfield) was also a member of the Committee during the inquiry. Powers The Committee is one of the departmental select committees, the powers of which are set out in House of Commons Standing Orders, principally in SO No 152. These are available on the Internet via www.parliament.uk. Publication The Reports and evidence of the Committee are published by The Stationery Office by Order of the House. All publications of the Committee (including press notices) are on the Internet at www.parliament.uk/treascom. The Reports of the Committee, the formal minutes relating to that report, oral evidence taken and some or all written evidence are available in a printed volume. Additional written evidence may be published on the internet only. Committee staff The current staff of the Committee are Eve Samson (Clerk), David Slater (Second Clerk), Adam Wales, Jay Sheth, and Daniel Fairhead (Committee Specialists), Phil Jones (Senior Committee Assistant), Caroline McElwee (Committee Assistant), Steve Price (Committee Support Assistant) and Laura Humble (Media Officer). Contacts All correspondence should be addressed to the Clerk of the Treasury Committee, House of Commons, 7 Millbank, London SW1P 3JA. The telephone number for general enquiries is 020 7219 5768; the Committee’s email address is [email protected] Competition and choice in retail banking Witnesses Thursday 18 November 2010 Page Adam Phillips, Chairman of Financial Services Consumer Panel Ev 1 Peter Vicary-Smith, Chief Executive, Dominic Lindley, Principal Policy Advisor, Which?, Philip Cullum, Deputy Chief Executive, Consumer Focus, and Sarah Brooks, Head of Financial Services, Consumer Focus Ev 7 Tuesday 23 November 2010 Lord Turner of Ecchinswell, Chairman, and Hector Sants, Chief Executive, Financial Services Authority Ev 10 Tuesday 30 November 2010 Sir Donald Cruickshank Ev 21 Tuesday 7 December 2010 Eric Daniels, Group Chief Executive, Helen Weir, Group Executive Director Ev 30 and Patrick Foley, Chief Economist, Lloyds Banking Group Tuesday 7 December 2010 Stephen Hester, Chief Executive, RBS Group and Brian Hartzer, Chief Ev 44 Executive, UK Retail Wealth & Ulster, RBS Group Tuesday 7 December 2010 Benny Higgins, Chief Executive, Tesco Bank Ev 56 Tuesday 14 December 2010 Vernon W Hill II, Vice Chairman, and Anthony Thomson, Chairman, Metro Ev 62 Bank Tuesday 11 January 2011 Bob Diamond, Chief Executive, and Antony Jenkins, Chief Executive, Global Ev 74 Retail, Barclays Tuesday 18 January 2011 Jayne-Anne Gadhia, Chief Executive, Virgin Money Ev 98 Ana Botin, Chief Executive, Santander UK Ev 109 Competition and choice in retail banking Thursday 20 January 2011 John Fingleton, Chief Executive, and Clive Maxwell, Executive Director, Ev 118 Office of Fair Trading Tuesday 1 February 2011 Douglas Flint, Group Chairman, and Joe Garner, Deputy Chief Executive UK, Ev 132 HSBC plc Neville Richardson, Chief Executive, and Rod Bulmer, Managing Director, Ev 142 Retail, The Co-operative Financial Services Graham Beale, Chief Executive and Chris Rhodes, Executive Director, Group Ev 149 Product and Marketing, Nationwide Wednesday 2 February 2011 Mark Hoban MP, Financial Secretary, and Alison Cottrell, Director, Financial Ev 158 Services List of printed written evidence 1 Consumer Focus Ev 173 2 Barclays Ev 177, 261 3 Virgin Money Ev 180 4 Nationwide Building Society Ev 185 5 Which? Ev 191, 231, 267 6 Co-operative Financial Services Ev 207, 255 7 Tesco Bank Ev 212, 274 8 Royal Bank of Scotland Group Ev 214 9 Lloyds Banking Group Ev 218, 258 10 Financial Services Authority Ev 222, 253 11 Financial Services Consumer Panel Ev 230, 243 12 Sir Donald Cruickshank Ev 236 13 Office of Fair Trading Ev 239, 254 14 Metro Bank Ev 248 15 Santander Ev 259 16 HM Treasury Ev 263 Competition and choice in retail banking List of additional written evidence (published in Volume III on the Committee’s website www.parliament.uk/treascom) 1 Campaign for Community Banking Services Ev w1, w3 2 Unite the Union Ev w4 3 David Johnston Ev w6 4 Mr and Mrs Ralph Ev w7 5 Ian Kerry Ev w7 6 VocaLink Ev w7 7 Building Societies Association Ev w9 8 Kensington Mortgage Company Ev w13 9 Intellect Ev w15 10 Consumer Financial Education Body Ev w20 11 Payments Council Ev w23, w57 12 Yorkshire Building Society Ev w24 13 Paragon Group of Companies Ev w28 14 Toynbee Hall Ev w30 15 Association of British Credit Unions Limited Ev w32 16 Professor David T Llewellyn, Loughborough University Ev w37 17 nef (new economics foundation) Ev w42 18 Competition Commission Ev w47 19 Cut Loose Ev w52 20 eBay Ev w54 21 Callcredit Ev w54 22 Delta Economics Ev w55 Treasury Committee: Evidence Ev 1 Oral evidence Taken before the Treasury Committee on Thursday 18 November 2010 Members present: Mr Andrew Tyrie (Chair) Mark Garnier John Mann Stewart Hosie Mr George Mudie Mr Andrew Love Jesse Norman ________________ Examination of Witness Witness: Mr Adam Phillips, Chairman of Financial Services Consumer Panel, gave evidence. Q1 Chair: Mr Phillips, I’d like to carry straight on without significant regulatory intervention, and I from our previous session, touching on some of the pointed out the role of a benchmark product in the points that you raised, or began to get into, in response pensions market, for example. I think in retail banking to earlier questions. In your submission you said that, there is a real question mark about whether the new “Structural change”, that is structural change to entrants will, in fact, be able to change the shape of regulation, “could be a stimulus for greater the market without significant intervention by the competition”. Can you tell us what this structural regulator, for example to make it easier to switch change is? accounts. Mr Phillips: Yes. The FSA has had a number of Chair: Let us come on to this in a moment because a objectives: financial capability, consumer protection number of us are going to be asking exactly these and the protection of confidence in the financial questions. system. Its concern with consumer protection, in my view, has not been at the level that it should be. One Q3 John Mann: You state there are barriers to entry of the most interesting things to me was that of the to the retail banking sector, you don’t tell us what they three managing directors of the FSA, until quite are. Would you like to? recently, one was responsible for supervision, one was Mr Phillips: Yes, surely. If you are a major bank one responsible for risk and one was responsible for of the great advantages is that you have a large branch everything else. Consumer protection was a subset of network. People need access to branches of banks at risk. In other words, one of their three major various times. You can do a lot on the internet but objectives did not have a managing director who was essentially it’s quite important to be able to get to see responsible for it. I believe that has led to a situation someone, just occasionally, especially if you’ve ever where they have not thought—until quite recently— tried to get through on the phone. So the big banks do enough about the role of a regulator in providing have an advantage in that they have those networks. effective consumer protection. That is the first problem. It is a problem which, for Since the beginning of last year they have focused example, Tesco doesn’t face because it has the much more on being an outcomes regulator. They’ve branches, but for any other new entrants there might looked at their effectiveness. They have moved into be an issue. this area called “conduct risk supervision”, which is You can see that in the work that the OFT did on about beginning to think about consumer protection, switching a few years ago, where switching of bank and I think they’re making good progress. But for that accounts with banks with less market share, was much progress to be maintained I think it’s important that higher than banks with a higher market share. The the governance body focuses primarily on their reason is that the banks with less than 15% market consumer protection objective. share tend to be on the internet, they tend to be offering good savings products and people will Q2 Chair: At the end of the last parliament, the therefore switch for the best rates. But when it comes Minister responsible for this in the Treasury said, in to where they do their transactional banking, it’s about Committee in the House, that he thought competition the accessibility of the branch.
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