0022-3603 A Quarterly Issue JOURNAL OF

PHILIPPINE

STATISTICS

VOLUME 60 NUMBER 2 SECOND QUARTER 2009

Feature Article

The Bottled Water Industry

Republic of the Philippines NATIONAL STATISTICS OFFICE Manila

REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES

HER EXCELLENCY PRESIDENT GLORIA MACAPAGAL-ARROYO

NATIONAL STATISTICS OFFICE

CARMELITA N. ERICTA Administrator

PAULA MONINA G. COLLADO Deputy Administrator

ISSN 0022-3603

ii

PREFACE

The Journal of Philippine Statistics (JPS) is a quarterly publication of the National Statistics Office (NSO). It furnishes data users with statistical information on the socioeconomic development of the country in accordance with the NSO’s mission of providing timely, accurate, and reliable information as bases for plans, policies and decisions, and as inputs to academic pursuits, researches, and development projects.

The statistical series contained in this publication are updated for continuity and for comparative analysis whenever possible. Tabular data usually cover two or more periods for maximum comparability.

This issue presents the latest available statistics on population and housing; labor and employment; travel and tourism; social welfare, and community development; education and culture; health, nutrition and vital statistics; and defense, crime and delinquency.

Featured in this issue is the Bottled Water Industry. This growing industry came about as a result of having difficulty in obtaining potable supply of drinking water particularly in the metropolis.

Most of the statistics shown here were taken from surveys and censuses conducted by the NSO and other offices, as well as from administrative forms or records compiled by various agencies. Acknowledgment, therefore, is extended to all secondary data sources without whose cooperation and support, the consolidation of information and the publication of this journal would not have been possible.

Manila, Philippines June 2009

iii

C O N T E N T S

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Preface…...……………………………………………………………… iii Contents…...……………………………………………………………… v Statistical Tables…...…………………………………………………… vii

Feature Article The Bottled Water Industry……………………………... …… 1

Section I - POPULATION AND HOUSING ……………………………… 12 Quezon City's Population Grows by 2.9 Percent Annually (Results from the 2007 Census of Population) ……………… 12 Private Building Construction Statistics Fourth Quarter 2008 (Preliminary Results) …………………. 14

Section II - LABOR AND EMPLOYMENT ……………………………….. 28 Labor Force Survey: January 2009 …………………………. 28 Labor Relations and Concerns ………………………………. 32

Section III - TRAVEL AND TOURISM …………………………………….. 45 Visitor Arrivals to the Philippines First Semester 2009 …………………………………………… 45 Hotel Accommodations and Visitors' Average Length of Stay: First Semester 2009 …………………………………. 48

Section IV - SOCIAL WELFARE AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT ………………………………………………. 55 Welfare Sevices and Benefits: 2007-2009 ………………….. 55

Section V - EDUCATION AND CULTURE ……………………………….. 64 Education Indicators: Academic Years 2005-2008 ………… 64 Licensure Examinations: 2007 ……………………………….. 65 Promotion of Culture and Arts ……………………………….. 66 CONTENTS - Concluded

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Section VI - HEALTH, NUTRITION, AND VITAL STATISTICS …………. 76 Health and Vital Indicators: 2006-2007 ………………………. 76 Government and Private Hospitals, Number and Bed Capacity: 2007 ………………………………………. 77 Barangay Health Stations and Rural Health Units 2007 ……………………………………………………………. 77 Live Births: 2006 ………………………………...……………. 78 Teenage Marriages: 2006 ……………………………………. 80

Section VII - DEFENSE, CRIME, AND DELINQUENCY …………………. 87 Crime Indicators: First Quarter 2009 ………………………… 87 …………………. 89 S T A T I S T I C A L T A B L E S

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Feature Article

The Bottled Water Industry

1 Drinking Water Access Costs by Region (US$) ………...… 5 2 Summary Statistics for Drinking Water Manufacturing Establishments with Total Employees of 20 or More and Over by Region 2006 and 2008 ……………………………………………..… 6 3 Total Family Expenditure for Bottled Water in Cash and in Kind by Region: 2003-2009 ……………………….... 7 4 Value and Volume of Exported Mineral Waters and Aerated Waters by Top 10 Countries 2007-2009 ………………………………………………….… 10 5 Value and Volume of Imported Mineral Waters and Aerated Waters by Top 10 Countries 2007-2009 ………………………………………………….… 11

Section I - POPULATION AND HOUSING

1.1 Total Population, Household Population, and Number of Households of Top 10 Barangays: 2007 ……….………. 19 1.2 Household Population by Age Group and Sex and Sex Ratio by Age Group: 2007 ………………………..... 19 1.3 Household Population 10 Years Old and Over by Marital Status and Sex: 2007 ……………………………… 20 1.4 Household Population 5 Years Old and Over by Highest Educational Attainment and Sex: 2007 ………………………. 20 1.5 Household Population 5 to 24 years Old Who Were Attending School by Sex and Age Group 2007…………………………………………………………….. 21 1.6 Occupied Housing Units by Construction Materials of the Roof and Outer Walls: 2007……………..…………….. 21 STATISTICAL TABLES - Continued

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1.7 Number, Floor Area, and Value of Building Construction by Type of Building, and Region Fourth Quarter 2008 ………………………………...………… 23 1.8 Number of New Residential Building Construction Started, Floor Area and Value of Constructions by Type of Building by Region Fourth Quarter 2008 ……………………………………….….. 24 1.9 Number of New Non-Residential Building Construction Started, Floor Area and Value of Constructions by Type of Building by Region Fourth Quarter 2008 …………………………………………… 25 1.10 Number of New Commercial Building Construction Started, Floor Area and Value of Constructions by Type of Building by Region Fourth Quarter 2008 …………………………………………… 26 1.11 Number of New Industrial Building Construction Started, Floor Area and Value of Constructions by Type of Building by Region Fourth Quarter 2008 …………………………………………… 27

Section II - LABOR AND EMPLOYMENT

2.1 Comparative Labor Statistics January 2008 and 2009 ………………………………………. 35 2.2 Employed Persons by Industry, Occupation Class of Worker and Hours Worked: January 2009 ……….. 36 2.3 Underemployed Persons by Hours Worked and Industry and Unemployed Persons by Age Group Sex and Highest Grade Completed January 2008 and January 2009 …………………………….. 37 2.4 Rates of Labor Force Participation, Employment Unemployment and Underemployment by Region January 2009 ………………………………………………….. 39 2.5 Strike and Lockout Notices and Actual Strikes and Lockouts: First Quarter 2008 and 2009 …………………. 40 2.6 Strike and Lockout Notices, Actual Strikes and Lockouts and Preventive Mediation Cases by Region: January to March 2009 …………………………… 41 STATISTICAL TABLES - Continued

Page 2.7 Preventive Mediation Cases and Voluntary Arbitration Cases: First Quarter 2008 and 2009 …………….. 43 2.8 Original and Appealed Mediation-Arbitration Cases and Money Claims: First Quarter 2008 and 2009 …………… 44

Section III - TRAVEL AND TOURISM

3.1 Visitor Arrivals by Country of Residence January-June 2008 and 2009 ………………………………… 49 3.2 Visitor Arrivals by Country of Residence June 2008 and 2009 …………………………………………… 51 3.3 Top Ten Travel Markets January-June 2008 and 2009 ………………………………… 54 3.4 Average Occupancy Rates of Hotels in Metro Manila by Classification: January-June 2008 and 2009 ……………. 54

Section IV - SOCIAL WELFARE AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT

4.1 Number of Institutions/Centers/Facilities Involved in the Distribution of Social Services: 2002-2009 …………… 61 4.2 Unduplicated Number of Clients Served by Region by Clientele Category and by Sex: 2008-2009 ……………… 62 4.3 Number of Women in Especially Difficult Circumstances (WEDC) Served by Case Category and by Region 2009 …………………………………………………………….. 63

Section V - EDUCATION AND CULTURE

5.1 Enrolment in Higher Education by Discipline Group Academic Years 2005-2006 and 2006-2007 ………………… 72 5.2 Number of Foreign Students Academic Years 1995-1996 to 2005-2006 ………………….. 72 5.3 Number of Schools and Examinees Who Took and Passed the Board Examination by Sex and by Profession 2006 and 2007 ………………………………………………… 73 5.4 Number of Examinees Who Took and Passed the Bar Examination: 2007 and 2008 ………………………… 75 STATISTICAL TABLES - Continued

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Section VI - HEALTH, NUTRITION, AND VITAL STATISTICS

6.1 Number of Government and Private Hospitals and Bed Capacity: 2000-2007 ………………………………… 81 6.2 Number of Hospitals by Type and by Region 2006 and 2007 …………………………………………………. 81 6.3 Number of Barangay Health Stations by Region 2006 and 2007 …………………………………………………. 82 6.4 Number of Live Births and Crude Birth Rate by Sex and Sex Ratio by Usual Residence of Mother: 2006 ………… 83 6.5 Number, Daily Average, and Daily Index of Live Births by Month of Occurrence: 2006 ……………………….…..….. 83 6.6 Number of Live Births by Attendant At Birth by Usual Residence of Mother: 2006 ………………………… 84 6.7 Number and Percent Distribution of Live Births by Age Group of Father and Mother: 2006 ………………….. 84 6.8 Number, Percent and Percent Change of Teenage Brides and Grooms: 2002-2006 ………………………………. 85 6.9 Number and Percent of Brides and Grooms by Age Group: 2006 …………………………………………… 85 6.10 Number of Brides and Grooms Under 20 by Type of Ceremony and Percent Change for the Last Two Years: 2002-2006 ………………………………………… 86 6.11 Number of Brides and Grooms Under 20 Years Old by Major Island Groups: 2006 ………………………………… 86

Section VII - DEFENSE, CRIME, AND DELINQUENCY

7.1 Total Crime Volume and Efficiency Rate by Region First Quarter: 2008 and 2009 …………………………………. 91 7.2 Index and Non-index Crimes by Region First Quarter: 2008 and 2009 …………………………………. 91 7.3 Crime Against Persons by Region First Quarter: 2008 and 2009 …………………………………. 92 7.4 Crime Against Property by Region First Quarter: 2008 and 2009 …………………………………. 93 7.5 Incidence of Alleged Human Rights Violations by Region: 2007-2008 …………………………………………. 93 Feature Article

The Bottled Water Industry

worst, like dehydration.

Ingesting water is a matter of life and death. We could live without food or sunshine for a long time but if we fail to ingest liquids for just 7 days, we die. And yet, in only the last hundred years, modern society has given us a way to get around this relationship. We can now get water in any number of ways. Some of the water need was met by eating vegetables and fruits. And some of it was squeezed out of a few fruits and maybe a coconut or two. But by and large, we drank water and will continue to drink.

Introduction In the olden days, water was free. In these days nothing is free anymore, Water is the most abundant liquid even water which is required for life. But in the universe, thus, providentially, because natural drinking water is getting making it a bare component in life. Life scarcer and dirtier everyday, humans have originated in water, the sea and the found a way to sell water. lakes. For hundreds of thousands, even millions of years, humans and other life According to internet figures and forms have drunk water. Some forms data, market studies show that three of the moved out but still depended on the very five fastest growing food and beverage water it left. In fact, life that moved out of categories in the global market are the water brought the water with it. That's beverages. These further reveal that the why many land mammals are mostly water business ranks among the top five in made of water. We are mostly water. We the said category. In the Asia Pacific region brought the sea with us. The liquid part of alone, bottled water was shown as the our blood resembles sea water. Our very single fastest growing product in the food cells are mostly water. Our cells are and beverage category with a growth of 7.0 bathed in water. percent back in 2001.

The biological importance of In the Philippines today, many of us water is impressed on us in so many have witnessed the mushrooming of ways. For example, we have a various water refilling stations one after the management system that determines the other. Such booming business can be entry and exit of liquids. It is a very attributed to the growing awareness of complicated network which makes people to a healthy lifestyle, which includes decisions on the spur of the second and safe drinking water. It can also be traced to hopes for the best but plans for the the convenience of buying water due to the

1 2 JOURNAL OF PHILIPPINE STATISTICS

difficulty in the supply of potable Water consumers and providers water particularly in the metropolis. treat water because, as mentioned above, sources are unclean. Some households, In large cities around the world, especially the wealthier ones, even safe drinking water can only be obtained purchase bottled water, which is either from bottled sources unless you want to chemically treated or obtained from a get ill form drinking contaminated water. protected (mineral) source. The more Pollution has been the culprit of this polluted the water source, the more likely scenario. To quench your thirst the household will take some form of nowadays, you have to shell out money. precautionary measure, and the higher the unit cost of treatment. In some cases, Analysis of Tables households will haul water from more distant but less polluted water sources, Water consumers and providers treat having implications on access time. water because of unclean sources About 65.0 percent of this total was The Sanitation Impact Study was explained by household treatment of conducted in four countries: Cambodia, drinking water and 46.0 percent by Indonesia, Vietnam and the Philippines. purchase of non-piped water (Figure 1). It was conducted by the East Asia and Pacific Office of the World Bank's Water NCR accounts for the biggest drinking and Sanitation Program (WSP) sometime water cost in 2004. The total economic costs to have The study revealed that almost 20 sanitized drinking water in 2004 were million Filipinos in 2004, or more than US$117 million. There was also one-fourth of the total Philippine substantial variation in drinking water population (84.2 million) were exposed to access costs across regions. The National poor sanitation including unclean drinking Capital Region (NCR) accounted for water. It indicated that poor sanitation US$35 million, about 30.0 percent of the has significant economic costs. total economic costs (Table 1).

FIGURE 1 Drinking Water Access Costs (million US$): 2004

Household treatment 65.7

Purchased piped w ater 4.0

Purchased non-piped w ater 46.8

Hauled w ater 0.5

Total 117.0

0.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 100.0 120.0

Source: 2008 Economic Impacts of Sanitation in the Philippines THE BOTTLED WATER INDUSTRY 3

Number of drinking water by more than 58.0 percent from that of manufacturing establishments with 20 2006. or more employees almost steady In the three years under review, From 18 establishments which 2003, 2006, and 2009, though the number manufactured drinking water and which of families increased by a yearly average employed 20 and more in 2006, the of almost 6.0 percent, the corresponding number went down to 16 or a decrease annual average increase in bottled water of 11.1 percent. Total employees in 2008 consumption was almost 64.0 percent numbered 950 from 1,023 in 2006 or a (Table 3). decrease of 7.2 percent. Total paid employees numbered 935 in 2008 from Exported and imported mineral water 1,011 (7.5%). Value of production increase in value and volume increased to PhP3.34 billion in 2008 from PhP2.45 billion in 2006 (35.8%) (Table Data culled from the Foreign Trade 2). Statistics of the Philippines revealed an accelerating exportation and importation of FIGURE 2 Total Family Expenditure bottled water during the last three years, for Bottled Water: 2003-2009 2007-2009.

Value of exported mineral water rises by 12,000 11, 2 0 0 more than a hundred times

10,000 FIGURE 3 Value and Volume of Exported Mineral Water: 2007-2009 8,000 7,077

1,600,000 500,000 6,000 Volume 4,187 1,400,000 Value 450,000 In millionPhP 4,000 400,000 1,200,000 350,000 2,000 1,000,000 300,000

0 800,000 250,000

2003 2006 2009 200,000 600,000 Year 150,000 Value (in US$) 400,000 Volume (in grosskilo) 100,000 200,000 More families purchase and consume 50,000 bottled water 0 0 2007 2008 2009 The Family Income and Year Expenditure Survey conducted by the NSO revealed that in 2009 there were18.4 million families in the country In 2009, value of exported mineral which had a total expenditure of PhP3.23 water rose by almost a hundred percent, to trillion. Of this expenditure 0.35 percent 433.21 thousand US dollars from only or PhP11.2 billion were spent for drinking 217.98 thousand US dollars in 2008. A bottled water (Table 3). corresponding increase in volume was also observed as it rose to 1.35 million gross Expense for bottled water in 2009 kilos in 2009 from 802.82 thousand gross increased by more than PhP4.0 billion or kilos in 2008. 4 JOURNAL OF PHILIPPINE STATISTICS

Hong Kong hauls more than 19.0 percent of Philippine mineral water exports

By the top ten countries, Hong Kong was the biggest purchaser in 2009 as it accounted for 19.4 percent (83.98 thousand US$) of the total exported bottled water. Other countries comprising the top posts were Pacific Trust Territory (13.4%), Thailand (11.9%), and Japan (11.7%) (Table 4).

Value of imported mineral waters up by more than 30.0 percent

The need for more mineral water made importation cost higher by 36.4 percent in 2009, valued at 272.59 thousand US dollars in 2008. Value went up to 1.07 million gross kilos in 2009 from only 911.15 thousand gross kilos in 2008.

France captures more than 40.0 percent of Philippine mineral water imports

Imported mineral water from France reported 43.4 percent of the total importation of the commodity in 2009 or an equivalent 609.67 thousand gross kilos. Next biggest importer was Indonesia with 18.6 (50.74 thousand gross kilos) while a far third was Singapore with 17.9 percent (99.57 thousand gross kilos) (Table 5). THE BOTTLED WATER INDUSTRY 5

TABLE 1 Drinking Water Access Costs by Region (US$)

Household Purchased Purchased Hauled Region Total Treatment Piped Water Non-Piped Water Water

Philippines 117,007,193 65,658,461 4,029,625 46,793,620 525,488 NCR 34,851,234 10,779,144 697,838 23,331,738 42,514 CAR 2,313,007 1,274,389 76,638 947,526 14,455 I - Ilocos Region 4,624,247 3,685,950 252,247 675,667 10,385 II - Cagayan Valley 2,543,639 2,188,725 151,653 190,797 12,464 III - Central Luzon 11,750,780 7,936,145 497,675 3,305,821 11,140 IVA - CALABARZON 15,627,088 8,738,524 497,119 6,339,770 51,675 IVB - MIMAROPA 3,801,773 2,127,804 121,047 1,543,715 9,207 V - Bicol Region 4,875,950 3,618,206 230,772 1,003,618 23,353 VI - Western Visayas 7,935,610 4,503,930 294,809 3,064,063 72,807 VII - Central Visayas 7,743,116 4,167,310 215,348 3,292,694 67,764 VIII - Eastern Visayas 3,311,774 2,796,786 189,111 305,616 20,262 IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 2,664,458 2,093,105 116,980 422,983 31,390 X - Northern Mindanao 3,741,136 2,968,039 169,395 559,379 44,324 XI - Davao Region 3,930,736 3,007,050 185,201 697,581 40,903 XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 3,357,149 2,623,141 160,181 538,901 34,926 XIII - Caraga 2,000,900 1,698,740 116,529 179,639 5,992 ARMM 1,934,596 1,451,473 57,084 394,112 31,928

Source: World Bank, 2008 Economic Impacts of Sanitation in the Philippines 6 JOURNAL OF PHILIPPINE STATISTICS

TABLE 2 Summary Statistics for Drinking Water Manufacturing Establishments with Total Employees of 20 or More and Over by Region: 2006 and 2008 (Value in thousand pesos. Details may not add up to total due to rounding and/or suppression.)

Number Employment as of November 2008 Region of Establishments Total Paid Value Employees of Production

Philippines 16 950 935 3,346,079 NCR SSSS CAR 0 0 0 0 I - Ilocos Region 0 0 0 0 II - Cagayan Valley 0 0 0 0 III - Central Luzon SSSS IVA - CALABARZON 3 232 232 1,957,161 IVB - MIMAROPA 0 0 0 0 V - Bicol Region 0 0 0 0 VI - Western Visayas SSSS VII - Central Visayas 3 398 395 860,247 VIII - Eastern Visayas 0 0 0 0 IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 0 0 0 0 X - Northern Mindanao Combined PSIC 15511-15550 XI - Davao Region 3 82 81 66,643 XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 0 0 0 0 XIII - Caraga 0 0 0 0 ARMM SSSS

Number Employment as of November 2006 Region of Establishments Total Paid Value Employees of Production

Philippines 18 1,023 1,011 2,451,110

NCR 5 269 262 121,198 CAR 0 0 0 - I - Ilocos Region 0 0 0 - II - Cagayan Valley 0 0 0 - III - Central Luzon 0 0 0 - IVA - CALABARZON 4 281 281 1,396,250 IVB - MIMAROPA 0 0 0 - V - Bicol Region 0 0 0 - VI - Western Visayas SSSS VII - Central Visayas SSSS VIII - Eastern Visayas 0 0 0 0 IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 0 0 0 0 X - Northern Mindanao Combined PSIC 15511-15550 XI - Davao Region Combined PSIC 15511-15550 XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 0 0 0 0 XIII - Caraga 0 0 0 0 ARMM 0 0 0 0

Note: S - suppressed data to avoid disclosure of individual establishment's data Source: National Statistics Office, 2008 Annual Survey of Philippine Business and Industry THE BOTTLED WATER INDUSTRY 7

TABLE 3 Total Family Expenditure for Bottled Water in Cash and in Kind by Region 2003-2009 (Value in million pesos)

2003 Total Number Total Family Expenditure Region of Families Total In Cash In Kind (In thousands)

Philippines 16,480 2,038,471 1,669,263 369,207

NCR 2,293 499,852 411,871 87,981 CAR 279 35,191 25,832 9,359 I - Ilocos Region 876 89,703 72,827 16,877 II - Cagayan Valley 587 58,283 45,409 12,874 III - Central Luzon 1,810 249,448 209,067 40,380 IVA - CALABARZON 2,185 345,201 288,819 56,381 IVB - MIMAROPA 500 41,964 33,302 8,762 V - Bicol Region 946 88,931 70,974 17,957 VI - Western Visayas 1,266 123,723 98,786 24,937 VII - Central Visayas 1,216 123,700 101,068 22,632 VIII - Eastern Visayas 754 63,426 51,353 12,073 IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 587 44,239 35,319 8,919 X - Northern Mindanao 739 67,176 55,126 12,050 XI - Davao Region 811 81,085 66,451 14,634 XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 708 60,162 48,640 11,523 XIII - Caraga 416 32,503 26,624 5,879 ARMM 505 33,885 27,896 5,989 8 JOURNAL OF PHILIPPINE STATISTICS

Table 3 -- Continued

2006 Total Number Total Family Expenditure Region of Families Total In Cash In Kind (In thousands)

Philippines 17,403 2,561,437 2,108,469 452,968

NCR 2,362 609,195 503,889 105,306 CAR 303 45,530 35,418 10,112 I - Ilocos Region 947 116,913 94,377 22,536 II - Cagayan Valley 620 73,034 58,642 14,391 III - Central Luzon 1,909 325,271 273,219 52,052 IVA - CALABARZON 2,251 419,240 357,303 61,936 IVB - MIMAROPA 545 50,728 39,474 11,255 V - Bicol Region 1,010 111,590 86,757 24,833 VI - Western Visayas 1,370 158,843 125,195 33,648 VII - Central Visayas 1,293 159,893 131,004 28,889 VIII - Eastern Visayas 814 84,730 68,046 16,685 IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 623 61,512 49,907 11,606 X - Northern Mindanao 789 91,998 76,013 15,985 XI - Davao Region 841 96,849 79,984 16,865 XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 749 71,746 58,885 12,861 XIII - Caraga 444 20,242 18,102 2,140 ARMM 534 39,959 33,278 6,681 Total Family Expenditure for Bottled Water Total % In Cash % In Kind %

Philippines 7,077 0.28 7,037 0.33 40 0.01

NCR 2,061 0.34 2,055 0.41 5 0 CAR 119 0.26 119 0.34 0 0 I - Ilocos Region 270 0.23 268 0.28 2 0.01 II - Cagayan Valley 73 0.10 73 0.12 - 0 III - Central Luzon 898 0.28 892 0.33 6 0.01 IVA - CALABARZON 1,490 0.36 1,487 0.42 3 0 IVB - MIMAROPA 60 0.12 60 0.15 0 0 V - Bicol Region 144 0.13 139 0.16 5 0.02 VI - Western Visayas 470 0.30 464 0.37 6 0.02 VII - Central Visayas 807 0.50 803 0.61 4 0.01 VIII - Eastern Visayas 102 0.12 101 0.15 0 0 IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 80 0.13 79 0.16 0 0 X - Northern Mindanao 210 0.23 207 0.27 3 0.02 XI - Davao Region 100 0.10 98 0.12 1 0.01 XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 87 0.12 83 0.14 4 0.03 XIII - Caraga 88 0.43 88 0.49 0 0 ARMM 18 0.05 18 0.05 - 0

Continued THE BOTTLED WATER INDUSTRY 9

Table 3 -- Concluded

2009 Total Number Total Family Expenditure Region of Families Total In Cash In Kind (In thousands)

Philippines 18,452 3,239,186 2,664,103 575,083

NCR 2,461 760,363 627,440 132,923 CAR 322 56,182 42,322 13,860 I - Ilocos Region 1,005 152,646 123,950 28,696 II - Cagayan Valley 653 92,306 75,236 17,070 III - Central Luzon 2,028 382,492 323,678 58,813 IVA - CALABARZON 2,406 511,515 434,464 77,051 IVB - MIMAROPA 590 71,121 55,532 15,589 V - Bicol Region 1,070 146,595 115,398 31,197 VI - Western Visayas 1,452 207,669 164,647 43,022 VII - Central Visayas 1,374 208,641 167,997 40,644 VIII - Eastern Visayas 865 110,885 88,648 22,237 IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 662 76,598 61,129 15,470 X - Northern Mindanao 839 116,690 96,057 20,633 XI - Davao Region 884 125,043 103,430 21,613 XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 801 105,539 87,730 17,810 XIII - Caraga 470 58,951 49,164 9,787 ARMM 572 55,950 47,281 8,668 Total Family Expenditure for Bottled Water Total % In Cash % In Kind %

Philippines 11,200 0.35 11,140 0.42 61 0.01

NCR 3,548 0.47 3,542 0.56 6 0 CAR 155 0.28 155 0.37 0 0 I - Ilocos Region 485 0.32 483 0.39 2 0.01 II - Cagayan Valley 166 0.18 166 0.22 - 0 III - Central Luzon 1,242 0.32 1,232 0.38 11 0.02 IVA - CALABARZON 2,141 0.42 2,127 0.49 14 0.02 IVB - MIMAROPA 167 0.23 166 0.30 1 0.01 V - Bicol Region 222 0.15 218 0.19 4 0.01 VI - Western Visayas 572 0.28 571 0.35 2 0 VII - Central Visayas 1,182 0.57 1,173 0.70 9 0.02 VIII - Eastern Visayas 160 0.14 160 0.18 - 0 IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 152 0.20 151 0.25 1 0.01 X - Northern Mindanao 411 0.35 405 0.42 7 0.03 XI - Davao Region 188 0.15 186 0.18 2 0.01 XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 192 0.18 190 0.22 1 0.01 XIII - Caraga 185 0.31 183 0.37 2 0.02 ARMM 32 0.06 32 0.07 - 0

Note: Details may not add up to totals due to rounding. Estimates reported in zero are less than one million. Source: National Statistics Office, 2003, 2006 and 2009 Family Income and Expenditure Survey 10 JOURNAL OF PHILIPPINE STATISTICS

TABLE 4 Value and Volume of Exported Mineral Waters and Aerated Waters by Top 10 Countries: 2007-2009

2007 Rank Country Volume Value Gross Kilos Litters (in US $)

Total 617,983 506,987 200,588 1 Pacific Trust Territory 284,320 224,629 78,980 2 Hong Kong 68,894 62,332 34,736 3 Micronesia, Federated States of 79,016 60,749 25,411 4 Palau, Republic of 43,942 35,488 13,565 5 Solomon Islands (British) 17,402 15,364 12,655 6 Guam 15,000 10,345 7,875 7 Australia 28,391 26,361 7,408 8 Marshall Islands, Republic of 35,721 31,959 7,069 9 Singapore 19,355 17,426 4,031 10 Taiwan (Republic of China) 11,970 10,176 3,968 Other countries 13,972 12,158 4,890

2008 Rank Country Volume Value Gross Kilos Litters (in US $)

Total 802,817 619,617 217,979 1 Pacific Trust Territory 337,012 261,626 97,028 2 Palau, Republic of 79,565 63,191 24,888 3 Vietnam 112,000 80,000 20,000 4 Guam 60,455 50,206 15,586 5 Liberia 76,703 53,386 13,849 6 American Samoa 23,739 18,738 10,778 7 Micronesia, Federated States of 23,683 17,522 8,617 8 Solomon Islands (British) 20,608 16,078 6,343 9 Singapore 24,374 22,680 6,237 10 Hong Kong 14,136 11,906 4,405 Other countries 30,542 24,284 10,248

2009 Rank Country Volume Value Gross Kilos Litters (in US $)

Total 1,353,979 1,139,241 433,214 1 Hong Kong 380,851 351,635 83,983 2 Pacific Trust Territory 208,874 170,501 58,253 3 Thailand (3) 80,792 58,940 51,714 4 Japan (excludes Okinawa) 247,303 202,460 50,481 5 Singapore 36,872 36,112 39,055 6 Micronesia, Federated States of 119,891 88,610 37,988 7 China, People's Republic of 47,665 46,016 32,434 8 Palau, Republic of 91,537 69,835 29,337 9 Guam 52,802 45,516 19,927 10 Thailand 10,982 10,796 11,662 Other countries 76,410 58,820 18,380

Source: National Statistics Office, 2008, 2009 and 2010 Foreign Trade Statistics of the Philippines THE BOTTLED WATER INDUSTRY 11

TABLE 5 Value and Volume of Imported Mineral Waters and Aerated Waters by Top 10 Countries: 2007-2009

2007 Rank Country Volume Value Gross Kilos Litters (in US $)

Total 577,670 463,987 201,246 1 France 219,478 176,124 84,623 2 Singapore 64,926 58,011 40,804 3 United States of America 51,837 41,493 22,803 4 Italy 26,462 16,838 19,737 5 Malaysia (Federation of Malaya) 27,516 24,566 9,864 6 Korea, Republic of (South) 51,786 41,960 7,357 7 Netherlands 46,220 38,729 6,200 8 Australia 2,087 1,684 2,839 9 Spain 14,449 8,622 2,783 10 Indonesia (Includes West Irian) 56,980 43,218 2,008 Other countries 15,929 12,742 2,228

2008 Rank Country Volume Value Gross Kilos Litters (in US $)

Total 911,153 772,559 199,922 1 France 479,411 392,403 72,294 2 Singapore 128,707 114,822 60,813 3 Italy 45,253 30,970 21,037 4 Korea, Republic of (South) 86,510 84,662 14,530 5 Netherlands 76,760 65,578 10,260 6 Hong Kong 47,195 39,631 8,551 7 Malaysia (Federation of Malaya) 20,800 20,000 2,411 8 Japan (Excludes Okinawa) 1,700 1,700 1,523 9 Norway 1,029 588 1,476 10 United States of America 384 363 981 Other countries 23,404 21,842 6,046

2009 Rank Country Volume Value Gross Kilos Litters (in US $)

Total 1,071,548 932,350 272,592 1 France 609,673 520,623 118,418 2 Indonesia (includes West Irian) 140,843 136,574 50,744 3 Singapore 99,571 82,522 48,984 4 Italy 58,709 47,273 15,034 5 Netherlands 70,481 67,303 13,721 6 Korea, Republic of (South) 26,573 23,470 6,704 7 United States of America 26,122 24,417 5,033 8 Norway 5,341 5,015 4,905 9 Malaysia (Federation of Malaya) 20,800 14,400 2,483 10 Belgium 6,050 4,120 2,206 Other countries 7,385 6,633 4,360

Source: National Statistics Office, 2008, 2009 and 2010 Foreign Trade Statistics of the Philippines Section I – POPULATION AND HOUSING `

Bacolod City Posts Using 12:01 in the morning of August 1, 2007 as reference period, all Nearly Half a Million persons were enumerated in their usual Population (Results place of residence, which is the geographic place (street, barangay, sitio, from the 2007 Census municipality, or province) where the of Population) persons usually reside.

Definition of Terms

Growth rate – the rate at which the population is increasing (or decreasing) in a given period due to natural increase and net migration expressed as a percentage of the base population

Household –- a social unit consisting of a person or a group of persons who sleep in the same housing unit and have common arrangements in the preparation and consumption of food

Introduction Institutional Population – the population enumerated in institutional In August 2007, the National living quarters or institution such as jails Statistics Office (NSO) conducted the or prisons, military camps, convents or 2007 Census of Population. This seminaries, mental hospitals, leprosaria, nationwide undertaking was the 12th and the like population census conducted in the country. Total population –- the sum of household population and institutional Like the previous censuses, the population. 2007 Census of Population is designed to take an inventory of the total Average household size –- population in the Philippines and to average number of persons who live in a collect information about their household computed as household characteristics. The census of population population divided by the corresponding is the source of information on the size total number of households in that area and distribution of the population as well Sex ratio – ratio of males to as information about the demographic, females in a given population expressed social, economic, and cultural as the number of males per 100 females characteristics. These information are vital for making rational plans and Median Age – age at which programs for national and local exactly half of the population is younger development. than this age and other half older it

9 10 JOURNAL OF PHILIPPINE STATISTICS

Overall dependency ratio – ratio Of the 61 barangays in Bacolod of persons in the dependent ages (under City, Taculing contributed 7.8 percent to 15 years old and over 64 years old) to the total population of the city. It was persons in the working age (15 to 64 closely followed by barangays Villamonte years old) (7.7%) and Mansilingan (7.3%). Barangay 24 (Poblacion) was the least Analysis of Tables populated barangay (0.02%) (Table 1.1).

Total population rises to 499,497 There are more females than males persons The number of females in Bacolod City, one of the country’s Bacolod City was higher than that of the highly urbanized cities posted a total males by 8,662 persons. This resulted to population of 499,497 persons as of a sex ratio of 97 males for every 100 August 1, 2007. This registered an females. The sex ratio in 2000 was 95 increase of 70,421 persons over the total per 100 females (Table 1.2). population of 429,076 persons in 2000. These figures translated to an annual Median age is 24 years population growth rate of 2.12 percent for the period 2000 to 2007. The median age of Bacolod City’s household population was 24 years in In 2007, the household population 2007. This means that half of the of Bacolod City increased to 496,802 household population were below 24 persons from 427,292 persons in 2000. years old. The median age in 2000 was 23 years. The number of households also rose from 87,441 in 2000 to 106,608 in FIGURE 2 Age-Sex Pyramid of Household Population: 2007 2007, registering an increase of 19,167 households. The average household size 80 and over 75 - 79 Male Female however, decreased slightly from 4.9 70 - 74 persons in 2000 to 4.7 persons in 2007 A 65 - 69 60 - 64 (Table 1.1). g 55 - 59 e 50 - 54 Taculing most populated barangay 45 - 49 40 - 44 g 35 - 39 FIGURE 1 r 30 - 34 Top Ten Barangays: 2007 o 25 - 29 u 20 - 24 Granada 22,887 15 - 19 p Handumanan 25,486 10 - 14 5 - 9 Bata 25,745 0 - 4 Banago 27,096 765432101234567 30,532 Estefania Percent to total household population Singcang-Airport 31,370 Barangay Tangub 31,534 In 2007, the age-sex pyramid

M ansilingan 36,222 structure of Bacolod City slightly deviated

Villamonte 38,498 from the usual pyramid shape as shown in Figure 2. A protrusion in age group 15 Taculing 39,014 to 19 years can be observed, more 0 25,000 50,000 noticeably for females. This age group Total Population also comprised the largest proportion

POPULATION AND HOUSING 11

(11.1%) out of the 496,802 household persons accounted for 46.6 percent of population. the household population 10 years old and over, slightly higher than the There were more males than reported figure of 45.9 percent in 2000. females in age brackets 0 to 14 years Meanwhile, the proportion of married and 30 to 34 years. Females, on the persons in 2007 was 43.3 percent, lower other hand, outnumbered males in age than the figure posted in 2000 (44.5%). brackets 15 to 29 years and 35 years old The rest (10.1%) of the household and over (Table 1.2). population 10 years old and over were either widowed, divorced/separated, had More females than males in the common-law/live-in marital arrangement, voting-age population or had unknown marital status.

Persons belonging to voting-age There were more males (51.1%) population (18 years old and over) in than females (48.9%) who were never Bacolod City was posted at 311,822 married. About four in five (80.5%) persons, or 62.8 percent of the total widowed persons, meanwhile, were household population. This was slightly females. Other categories for marital higher than the proportion of voting-age status also showed higher proportions for population (60.7%) reported in 2000. females: married, 50.7 percent; Moreover, the proportion of females divorced/separated, 66.1 percent; (51.9%) to the total voting-age population common-law/live-in marital arrangement, was higher than that of the males 51.0 percent; and unknown marital (48.1%) in 2007 (Table 1.2). status, 52.0 percent (Table 1.3).

Dependency ratio decreases to 54 More females pursue higher levels of education The proportion of household population belonging to age group 0 to Of the household population five 14 years was 30.5 percent. Persons years old and over, 25.8 percent had aged 65 years and over posted a share attended or completed elementary of 4.7 percent while the working-age education, 33.9 percent reached or population (15 to 64 years) comprised finished high school, 5.8 percent 64.7 percent of the household completed post secondary education, population. 10.5 percent were college undergraduates, 16.1 percent had The overall dependency ratio for academic degrees, and 0.2 percent Bacolod City in 2007 was 54. This means pursued post baccalaureate education. that for every 100 persons aged 15 to 64 years, there were about 54 dependents There were more females than (47 persons aged 0 to 14 years or young males with higher levels of education: dependents and 7 persons aged 65 college undergraduates (52.0%), years and over or old dependents). The academic degree holders (55.4 %), and dependency ratio in 2007 was lower with post baccalaureate education compared to the 2000 figure of 58 (Table (55.1%). 1.2). Among household population five Almost half of the household to 24 years old, 66.5 percent attended population are never married school at anytime during School Year 2007 to 2008. Of the school attendees, In 2007, single or never-married males (50.7%) outnumbered their female 12 JOURNAL OF PHILIPPINE STATISTICS

counterparts (49.3%) (Table 1.4). permits collected by NSO field personnel from local building officials nationwide. Number of occupied housing units up by 23.8 percent Limitations

A total of 106,608 households Data on private building resided in 104,628 housing units in constructions refer to those proposed to Bacolod City. This translated to a ratio of be constructed or construction work 102 households for every 100 occupied started during the reference period and housing units, or a ratio of 4.7 persons not to construction work completed per occupied housing unit. In 2000, the during the reference period. ratio of households to occupied housing units was 103 households per 100 The completeness of the number occupied housing units, or 5.1 persons of building permits collected relies on the per occupied housing unit (Table 1.6). applications filed and approved by the Offices of Local Building Officials (LBOs). Majority of occupied housing units Hence, private building constructions have roofs made of strong materials without approved building permits are not included in the tabulation of data. Approximately nine in every 10

(89.4%) occupied housing units in Bacolod City had roofs made of Definition of Terms galvanized iron or aluminum, up by 5.5 percentage points from the proportion of Building permit – a written authorization the same roofing materials in 2000. granted by the LBO to an applicant Meanwhile, about two-fifths (40.8%) of allowing him to proceed with the the occupied housing units in 2007 had construction of a specific project after outer walls made of concrete/brick/stone, plans, specifications, and other pertinent indicating an increase of 5.9 percentage documents have been found to be in points from the 2000 figure (Table 1.6). conformity with the National Building Code (PD 1096)

Private Building Building - any independent, free standing structure comprising of one or Construction Statistics more rooms or other spaces, covered by Fourth Quarter 2009 a roof and enclosed with external walls or dividing walls, which extend the (Preliminary Results) foundation to the roof

Scope and Coverage Residential building – a building for which its major parts or more than half of Private construction statistics its gross floor area is built for dwelling from approved building permits relate to purposes; this type of building can be of data on new constructions and additions, the single type, duplex, an apartment alterations, and repairs of residential and and/or accessoria, and residential non-residential buildings and other condominium structures undertaken in all regions and provinces of the country. Single house – a complete structure intended for a single family Source of Information Duplex – a structure intended for two Data were taken from the original households with complete living facilities application forms of approved building for each; a single structure divided into

POPULATION AND HOUSING 13

two dwelling units by a wall extending value is derived from the approved from the floor to the ceiling building permit and represents the estimated value of the building or Apartment – a structure, usually of two structure when completed. storeys, made up of independent living Analysis of Tables quarters, with independent entrances from internal walls and courts Number of approved building permit applications reaches 30,499 Accessoria – a one-or two-floor structure divided into several dwelling FIGURE 3 Number of Approved Building units, each dwelling unit having its own Permits by Type of Construction separate entrance from the outside Fourth Quarter 2008 and 2009

24,414 Residential condominium – a structure, 25,000 2009 usually of several storeys, consisting of 19,859 20,000 multiple dwelling units 2008

Other residential constructions – 15,000 consist of school or company staff Number 10,000 houses, living quarters for drivers and maids, and guardhouses 5,000 3,379 3,267 2,706 2,420 Non-residential building – this type includes commercial, industrial, - Residential Non-residential Additions, agricultural, and institutional buildings alterations/ repair Type of building Additions or alterations and repairs – construction works by which the utility of Approved building permit building or structure is raised or at least applications during the fourth quarter of renewed, or which materially extends the 2009 in the country rose to 30,499. This normal life of the building or structure number represents a 19.4 percent growth

compared to 25,546 applications Demolitions – the systematic received during the same period of 2008. dismantling or destruction of a building or structure or in part Approved building permits for Street furniture –- street structures residential building construction grew consisting of monuments, waiting sheds, 22.9 percent to 24,414 from 19,859 benches, plant boxes, lampposts, electric applications recorded during the fourth poles, and telephone poles quarter of 2008. Likewise, non-residential building constructions increased by 11.8 Floor area of building – the sum of the percent to 2,706 during the fourth quarter area of each floor of the building of 2009 from 2,420 applications recorded measured to the outer surface of the during the same quarter of 2008. outer walls including the area of lobbies, cellars, elevator shafts, and all communal Furthermore, combined approved spaces in multidwellings; areas of building permits for additions, alterations balconies are excluded and repairs slightly increased by 3.4 percent numbering 3,379 from 3,267 Total value of construction – the sum applications recorded during the same of the cost of building, electrical, quarter of 2008 (Figure 3). mechanical, plumbing, and others; the 14 JOURNAL OF PHILIPPINE STATISTICS

CALABARZON recorded the Similarly, value of residential highest number of approved building building construction, amounting to permits during the fourth quarter of 2009 PhP23.47 billion, rose 23.3 percent from with 8,734 applications or 28.6 percent of the same quarter in 2008 with value of the total. This was followed by Central PhP19.03 billion. Luzon with 4,463 applications (14.6%). The National Capital Region (NCR) Value of non-residential building placed third with 3,706 applications construction amounting to PhP13.39 representing 12.2 percent of the total billion, also went up by 29.2 percent from (Figure 4). PhP10.36 billion recorded during the same quarter of 2008. Among the provinces outside NCR, seven registered approved building On the other hand, combined permits exceeding a thousand mark value for additions, alterations and namely: Cavite (3,750), Cebu (2,544), repairs, estimated at PhP3.20 billion, Laguna (2,525), Bulacan (2,154), dropped 6.6 percent from PhP3.42 billion Pampanga (1,526), Davao del Sur registered during the same quarter of (1,403) and Batangas (1,226) (Table 2008 (Figure 5). 1.7). FIGURE 5 Value of Construction FIGURE 4 Distribution of Approved Building by Type of Building Permits by Region: Fourth Quarter 2009 Fourth Quarter 2008 and 2009 25 23.5 2009 PHILIPPINES = 30,499 19 . 0 2008 20 CAR = 209 (0.7%)

15 13 . 4 Region 1 = 1,379 (4.5%) 10 . 4 Region 2 = 531 (1.7%) 10 Region 3 = 4,463 (14.6%) Region 4A = 8,734 (28.6%) NCR = 3,706 (12.2%) 3.4 Region 5 = 5 3.2

Region 4B = 455 (1.5%) pesos) billion (In Value 328 (1.1%) Region 8 = 0 Region 6 = 615 (2.0%) Residential Non-residential Additions, 1,104 (3.6%) Region 10 = alterations/repair 1,210 (4.0%) Type of building Region 7 = Region 11 = 3,663 (12.0%) 2,654 (8.7%) Region 9 = CARAGA = NCR accounted for the highest 543 (1.8%) 444 (1.5%) total value of construction among the ARMM= regions in the country amounting to 52 (0.2%) Region 12 = 409 (1.3%) PhP18.08 billion. CALABARZON and Central Visayas ranked a far second and third with respective shares of 14.7 Value of construction grows by 22.0 percent (PhP5.89 billion) and 9.5 percent percent (PhP3.81 billion) (Table 1.7).

Total value of construction during Average cost per square meter of the fourth quarter of 2009 reached residential building construction is PhP40.06 billion, an increase of 22.0 PhP8,778 percent compared with PhP32.82 billion reported during the same quarter of Total value of residential building 2008. construction was estimated at PhP23.47

POPULATION AND HOUSING 15 billion with a total floor area of 2.7 million Average cost per square meter of non- square meters, translated to an average residential building construction is cost of PhP8,778 per square meter. This PhP9,973 figure represents an increase of 8.7 percent compared with PhP8,076 per Value of non-residential building square meter recorded during the same construction during the fourth quarter of period of 2008. 2009 was PhP13.39 billion pesos with a total floor area of 1.3 million square Single type residential units meters. This is translated to an average recorded the most number of residential cost of PhP9,973 per square meter. building constructions during the fourth quarter of 2009 having 17,719 Commercial type topped the list applications. This type comprised 72.6 with 1,624 applications or 60.0 percent of percent of the total approved building the total approved building permits for permits for residential construction. The non-residential building construction. total value of construction for this type Value of construction for this type was reached PhP11.66 billion covering a total estimated at PhP7.56 billion covering a floor area of 1.6 million square meters, total floor area of 800.6 thousand square resulting to an average cost of PhP7,336 meters or an average cost of PhP9,445 per square meter. per square meter.

FIGURE 6 Number and Value Institutional building construction, of Residential Building Construction by Type: Fourth Quarter 2009 which ranked a far second, had 417 approved building permits, construction In thousand In billion pesos 2.5 value of PhP3.30 billion and a total floor 24 area of 265.8 thousand square meters or 24 an average cost of PhP12,418 per Others square meter. 24.9 20 20 35.2 The least number of non- 16 16 residential building constructions was Apartment/ Accessoria 14.1 reported for agricultural type with 83 or 12 12 3.1 percent of the total. Construction value was estimated at PhP0.12 billion 72.6 covering a total floor area of 57.3 8 8 Single 49.7 thousand square meters, translated to an Type average cost of PhP2,104 per square 4 4 meter (Table 1.9 and Figure 7).

0 0 Number Value

Apartment/accessoria ranked second with 6,090 approved building permits representing 24.9 percent of the total residential construction. This type of residential building construction had an estimated construction value of PhP3.31 billion with a total floor area of 497.0 thousand square meters, representing an average cost of PhP6,668 per square meter (Table 1.8 and Figure 6).

16 JOURNAL OF PHILIPPINE STATISTICS

FIGURE 7 Number and Value of Non-Residential Building Construction by Type: Fourth Quarter 2009

Number Value 8 7.6

2,000 7 1,624 6

1,500 5

4 3.4 1,000 3 Number 2.2 417 (In billion pesos) 2 500 342 276 83 1 0.3 0.1 - 0 Commercial Instit ut ional Others Industrial Agricult ural Co mmercial Inst it ut io nal Ind ust rial Ot hers A g ricult ural Type of building Type of building

POPULATION AND HOUSING 19

TABLE 1.1 Total Population, Household Population, and Number of Households of Top 10 Barangays: 2007

Total Household Number Barangay Population Population of Households

Quezon City 2,679,450 2,667,372 594,832 Commonwealth 172,834 172,790 38,198 Batasan Hills 148,624 148,553 31,667 Payatas 117,001 116,791 24,193 Holy Spirit 106,038 106,031 22,815 Pasong Tamo 82,340 82,207 17,013 Tandang Sora 74,863 74,816 17,273 Bagong Silangan 73,612 73,592 15,176 Matandang Balara 70,112 70,097 15,310 Culiat 68,618 68,406 15,306 Sauyo 67,587 67,469 15,188

Source: National Statistics Office, 2007 Census of Population

TABLE 1.2 Household Population by Age Group and Sex and Sex Ratio by Age Group: 2007

Age Group Both Sexes Male Female Sex Ratio

Total 2,667,372 1,297,875 1,369,497 94.8

Under 1 60,058 31,082 28,976 107.3 1-4 226,180 117,023 109,157 107.2 5-9 271,983 140,318 131,665 106.6 10-14 247,459 126,305 121,154 104.3 15-19 270,041 126,480 143,561 88.1 20-24 285,309 133,531 151,778 88.0 25-29 272,139 130,387 141,752 92.0 30-34 221,116 108,730 112,386 96.7 35-39 197,703 97,544 100,159 97.4 40-44 161,754 78,107 83,647 93.4 45-49 135,499 65,111 70,388 92.5 50-54 109,192 51,803 57,389 90.3 55-59 75,411 36,000 39,411 91.3 60-64 48,463 21,989 26,474 83.1 65-69 33,488 14,182 19,306 73.5 70-74 23,307 9,345 13,962 66.9 75-79 14,234 5,405 8,829 61.2 80 and over 14,036 4,533 9,503 47.7

Source: National Statistics Office, 2007 Census of Population 20 JOURNAL OF PHILIPPINE STATISTICS

TABLE 1.3 Household Population 10 Years Old and Over by Marital Status and Sex: 2007

Marital Status Both Sexes Male Female

Total 2,109,151 1,009,452 1,099,699 Single 956,868 471,782 485,086 Married 886,461 437,487 448,974 Widowed 75,773 13,859 61,914 Divorced/Separated 37,163 11,463 25,700 Common Law/Live-in 141,520 69,951 71,569 Unknown 11,366 4,910 6,456

Source: National Statistics Office, 2007 Census of Population

TABLE 1.4 Household Population 5 Years Old and Over by Highest Educational Attainment and Sex: 2007

Highest Educational Attainment Both Sexes Male Female

Total 2,381,134 1,149,770 1,231,364 No grade completed 86,959 45,275 41,684 Preschool 54,874 29,106 25,768 Elementary 519,002 257,627 261,375 High school 865,657 410,360 455,297 Post secondary 96,971 50,435 46,536 College undergraduate 290,188 144,909 145,279 Academic degree holder 402,126 182,533 219,593 Post baccalaureate 10,260 4,628 5,632 Not stated 55,097 24,897 30,200

Source: National Statistics Office, 2007 Census of Population POPULATION AND HOUSING 21

TABLE 1.5 Household Population 5 to 24 Years Old Who Were Attending School by Sex and Age Group: 2007

Household Household Population Sex Population 5 to 24 Years 5 to 24 Old Who Were Age Group Years Old Attending School 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24

Total 1,074,792 680,174 243,362 234,217 159,817 42,778 Male 526,634 345,356 124,594 118,837 78,952 22,973 Female 548,158 334,818 118,768 115,380 80,865 19,805

Source: National Statistics Office, 2007 Census of Population

TABLE 1.6 Occupied Housing Units by Construction Materials of the Roof and Outer Walls: 2007

Construction Materials of the Roof Half Construction Galvanized Materials of the Total Occupied Tile/ Iron Cogon/ Outer Walls Housing Units Galvanized Iron/ Concrete/ and Half Nipa/ Aluminum Clay Tile Concrete Wood Anahaw

Total 571,812 504,394 0 14,703 37,838 6,374 61 Concrete/brick/ stone 316,394 297,297 12,247 4,521 796 4 Wood 67,176 59,906 361 2,599 3,485 11 Half concrete/ brick/ stone and half wood 172,063 138,056 1,931 29,552 1,583 4 Galvanized iron/ aluminum 6,783 5,256 101 1,022 358 3 Bamboo/sawali/ cogon/nipa 394 258 - 20 75 31 Asbestos 74 34 1 3 1 - Glass 96 59 13 8 3 - Makeshift/ salvaged/ impro- vised material 4,514 2,443 - 54 54 6 Others/ not reported 4,287 1,069 42 57 17 2 No walls 31 16 7 2 2 -

Continued 22 JOURNAL OF PHILIPPINE STATISTICS

Table 1.6 -- Concluded

Construction Materials of the Roof Construction Makeshift/ Materials of the Salvaged/ Asbestos/ Not Outer Walls Improvised Materials Others Reported

Total 2,973 1,706 3,763 Concrete/brick/ stone 86 1,077 366 Wood 590 117 107 Half concrete/ brick/ stone and half wood 349 366 222 Galvanized iron/ aluminum 18 12 13 Bamboo/sawali/ cogon/nipa 9 - 1 Asbestos - 32 3 Glass - 1 12 Makeshift/ salvaged/ impro- vised material 1,897 9 51 Others/ not reported 22 90 2,988 No walls 2 2 -

Source: National Statistics Office, 2007 Census of Population POPULATION AND HOUSING 23

TABLE 1.7 Number, Floor Area, and Value of Building Construction by Type of Building, and Region: Fourth Quarter 2008 (Floor Area in Square Meters, Value in Thousand Pesos)

Total Residential Nonresidential Region Num- Floor Num- Floor Num- Floor ber AreaValue ber AreaValue ber Area Value

Philippines 25,546 3,925,831 32,819,924 0 19,859 2,356,752 19,033,200 0 2,420 1,430,739 10,364,934 NCR 2,680 1,102,086 12,781,073 1,294 717,575 8,345,352 379 360,424 2,849,961 CAR 213 39,130 315,865 156 29,496 217,538 48 8,627 90,437 I - Ilocos Region 1,556 166,746 1,302,498 1,270 118,874 841,212 192 44,158 409,235 II - Cagayan Valley 419 55,363 699,379 341 29,056 191,660 55 25,343 496,768 III - Central Luzon 2,554 403,514 3,186,245 1,948 220,603 1,509,581 270 175,622 1,525,527 IVA - CALABARZON 9,174 769,903 5,842,045 8,472 558,760 3,910,860 316 179,578 1,344,528 IVB - MIMAROPA 313 45,820 388,072 206 22,316 150,119 79 20,423 179,237 V - Bicol Region 437 70,192 375,425 351 40,260 176,776 54 29,463 178,212 VI - Western Visayas 1,006 204,965 1,463,783 725 102,934 751,753 140 83,537 397,651 VII - Central Visayas 2,317 439,860 2,568,854 1,737 241,384 1,265,638 240 191,382 1,121,277 VIII - Eastern Visayas 497 93,942 622,985 339 39,909 271,352 99 52,789 303,770 IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 304 22,597 101,976 227 11,888 47,226 43 10,399 51,977 X - Northern Mindanao 1,065 112,090 666,053 604 78,822 456,703 100 30,891 176,108 XI - Davao Region 2,195 211,994 1,446,326 1,595 98,756 645,914 295 82,322 512,172 XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 302 97,266 698,704 174 15,634 113,722 69 79,074 531,052 XIII - Caraga 470 82,345 334,218 393 29,092 133,910 36 50,247 175,126 ARMM 44 8,018 26,414 27 1,393 3,875 5 6,460 21,889 Alterations Additions or Repairs Demolitions Street Furniture Num- Floor Num- Num- Num- ber AreaValue berValue ber Value ber Value

Philippines 818 138,340 1,082,962 2,449 2,338,827 57 17,216 209 106,483 NCR 128 24,087 251,265 879 1,334,493 44 13,409 48 8,632 CAR 7 1,007 7,198 2 690 - - - - I - Ilocos Region 42 3,714 22,863 52 29,187 1 1,000 41 14,496 II - Cagayan Valley 11 964 5,617 12 5,333 - - - - III - Central Luzon 113 7,289 36,643 223 114,492 2 1,038 25 14,816 IVA - CALABARZON 187 31,565 256,717 199 329,939 1 331 27 36,745 IVB - MIMAROPA 14 3,081 38,191 14 20,524 - - 5 2,050 V - Bicol Region 8 469 4,986 24 15,449 - - - - VI - Western Visayas 30 18,494 155,886 111 158,492 2 - 22 12,489 VII - Central Visayas 67 7,094 29,918 273 152,019 - - 16 4,758 VIII - Eastern Visayas 9 1,244 7,595 50 40,267 1 158 8 3,028 IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 6 310 1,421 28 1,350 - - 1 1,889 X - Northern Mindanao 13 2,377 17,069 348 16,172 - - 2 142 XI - Davao Region 138 30,916 209,856 167 78,383 1 16 8 5,868 XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 19 2,558 18,373 40 35,555 3 1,253 3 1,117 XIII - Caraga 16 3,006 18,756 25 6,425 2 10 3 447 ARMM 10 165 600 2 49 - - - -

Source: National Statistics Office, Private Building Construction Statistics 24 JOURNAL OF PHILIPPINE STATISTICS

TABLE 1.8 Number of New Residential Building Construction Started, Floor Area and Value of Constructions by Type of Building by Region: Fourth Quarter 2008 (Floor Area in Square Meters, Value in Thousand Pesos)

Total Single Duplex/Quadruplex Region Num- Floor Num- Floor Num- Floor ber AreaValue ber AreaValue ber Area Value

Philippines 19,859 2,356,752 19,033,200 14,173 1,523,721 10,241,323 229 40,931 271,186 NCR 1,294 717,575 8,345,352 986 221,093 1,707,224 39 9,367 73,392 CAR 156 29,496 217,538 115 18,201 135,817 5 680 7,101 I - Ilocos Region 1,270 118,874 841,212 1,244 112,160 792,270 6 811 6,505 II - Cagayan Valley 341 29,056 191,660 340 28,914 187,867 - - - III - Central Luzon 1,948 220,603 1,509,581 1,691 170,014 1,230,722 14 2,083 13,269 IVA - CALABARZON 8,472 558,760 3,910,860 3,626 357,723 2,587,626 120 10,266 83,610 IVB - MIMAROPA 206 22,316 150,119 194 21,302 142,344 2 426 3,104 V - Bicol Region 351 40,260 176,776 315 38,534 164,727 2 170 1,140 VI - Western Visayas 725 102,934 751,753 700 88,949 660,961 7 2,253 17,045 VII - Central Visayas 1,737 241,384 1,265,638 1,676 213,382 1,104,536 23 13,042 58,057 VIII - Eastern Visayas 339 39,909 271,352 328 37,736 257,281 4 438 1,845 IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 227 11,888 47,226 218 11,000 42,071 2 337 2,361 X - Northern Mindanao 604 78,822 456,703 589 71,886 417,976 - - - XI - Davao Region 1,595 98,756 645,914 1,568 89,918 581,930 3 591 2,218 XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 174 15,634 113,722 167 13,123 96,980 2 467 1,532 XIII - Caraga 393 29,092 133,910 390 28,528 127,650 - - - ARMM 27 1,393 3,875 26 1,258 3,335 - - - Apartment/Accessoria Residential Condominium Others Num- Floor Num- Floor Num- Floor ber AreaValue ber AreaValue ber Area Value

Philippines 5,397 322,981 2,088,672 29 466,577 6,419,312 31 2,542 12,705 NCR 243 68,535 572,553 26 418,580 5,992,182 - - - CAR 35 7,766 66,778 1 2,849 7,840 - - - I - Ilocos Region 18 5,859 42,331 - - - 2 44 104 II - Cagayan Valley 1 142 3,792 ------III - Central Luzon 243 48,506 265,590 ------IVA - CALABARZON 4,700 143,282 808,665 2 45,148 419,290 24 2,341 11,667 IVB - MIMAROPA 9 546 4,470 - - - 1 42 200 V - Bicol Region 33 1,539 10,894 - - - 1 17 13 VI - Western Visayas 16 11,694 73,196 - - - 2 38 549 VII - Central Visayas 38 14,960 103,043 ------VIII - Eastern Visayas 6 1,675 12,055 - - - 1 60 170 IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 7 551 2,794 ------X - Northern Mindanao 15 6,936 38,727 ------XI - Davao Region 24 8,247 61,765 ------XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 5 2,044 15,210 ------XIII - Caraga 3 564 6,259 ------ARMM 1 135 540 ------

Source: National Statistics Office, Private Building Construction Statistics POPULATION AND HOUSING 25

TABLE 1.9 Number of New Non-Residential Building Construction Started, Floor Area and Value of Constructions by Type of Building by Region: Fourth Quarter 2008 (Floor Area in Square Meters, Value in Thousand Pesos)

Total Commercial Industrial Region Num- Floor Num- Floor Num- Floor ber AreaValue ber Area Value ber Area Value

Philippines 2,420 1,430,739 10,364,934 1,447 904,454 6,744,283 240 213,233 1,316,076 NCR 379 360,424 2,849,961 253 298,669 2,414,835 38 29,021 140,418 CAR 48 8,627 90,437 32 6,046 64,931 1 45 270 I - Ilocos Region 192 44,158 409,235 117 21,604 156,921 9 2,778 17,705 II - Cagayan Valley 55 25,343 496,768 31 12,226 437,549 5 1,426 6,062 III - Central Luzon 270 175,622 1,525,527 178 134,827 1,198,225 23 15,745 163,135 IVA - CALABARZON 316 179,578 1,344,528 152 46,897 272,997 47 60,214 477,205 IVB - MIMAROPA 79 20,423 179,237 43 11,599 107,515 6 1,601 13,896 V - Bicol Region 54 29,463 178,212 42 23,581 132,067 2 5,031 35,933 VI - Western Visayas 140 83,537 397,651 91 41,373 240,656 13 24,265 53,159 VII - Central Visayas 240 191,382 1,121,277 152 143,398 740,993 35 33,052 215,108 VIII - Eastern Visayas 99 52,789 303,770 55 13,300 81,577 10 3,606 15,798 IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 43 10,399 51,977 24 7,395 28,239 3 1,011 4,308 X - Northern Mindanao 100 30,891 176,108 60 19,672 100,961 10 2,593 9,506 XI - Davao Region 295 82,322 512,172 151 45,648 338,983 29 23,719 85,713 XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 69 79,074 531,052 36 54,318 349,045 9 9,126 77,853 XIII - Caraga 36 50,247 175,126 28 20,178 59,846 - - - ARMM 5 6,460 21,889 2 3,723 18,934 - - - Institutional Agricultural Others Num- Floor Num- Floor Num- ber AreaValue ber AreaValue ber Value

Philippines 355 250,636 1,924,685 76 62,416 175,916 302 203,973 NCR 29 24,822 239,955 1 7,912 15,825 58 38,927 CAR 13 2,536 23,803 - - - 2 1,432 I - Ilocos Region 33 17,840 201,285 7 1,936 8,029 26 25,293 II - Cagayan Valley 10 3,734 33,868 5 7,957 15,880 4 3,406 III - Central Luzon 34 14,678 120,276 15 10,372 28,307 20 15,582 IVA - CALABARZON 58 55,561 516,590 19 16,906 34,167 40 43,567 IVB - MIMAROPA 19 7,099 40,339 1 124 258 10 17,228 V - Bicol Region 4 851 5,618 - - - 6 4,593 VI - Western Visayas 27 17,687 98,988 2 212 841 7 4,005 VII - Central Visayas 23 10,903 115,433 7 4,029 38,056 23 11,684 VIII - Eastern Visayas 21 32,303 190,628 4 3,580 9,000 9 6,764 IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 10 1,963 18,290 1 30 77 5 1,061 X - Northern Mindanao 12 7,297 45,582 6 1,329 5,323 12 14,734 XI - Davao Region 37 12,238 64,839 4 717 10,199 74 12,435 XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 16 8,318 91,868 4 7,312 9,949 4 2,335 XIII - Caraga 7 30,069 114,566 - - - 1 713 ARMM 2 2,737 2,748 - - - 1 206

Source: National Statistics Office, Private Building Construction Statistics 26 JOURNAL OF PHILIPPINE STATISTICS

TABLE 1.10 Number of New Commercial Building Construction Started, Floor Area and Value of Constructions by Type of Building by Region: Fourth Quarter 2008 (Floor Area in Square Meters, Value in Thousand Pesos)

Total Banks Hotel/Motel, etc Region Num- Floor Num- Floor Num- Floor Value Value Value ber Area ber Area ber Area

Philippines 1,447 904,454 6,744,283 64 17,722 114,539 154 84,646 641,622 NCR 253 298,669 2,414,835 12 2,165 15,153 10 31,670 318,691 CAR 32 6,046 64,931 1 181 2,265 18 995 11,443 I - Ilocos Region 117 21,604 156,921 11 1,873 13,921 18 2,567 29,848 II - Cagayan Valley 31 12,226 437,549 2 407 1,212 3 418 3,251 III - Central Luzon 178 134,827 1,198,225 9 1,597 8,736 8 5,304 38,038 IVA - CALABARZON 152 46,897 272,997 11 2,002 11,161 15 7,754 32,493 IVB - MIMAROPA 43 11,599 107,515 - - - 18 4,445 49,686 V - Bicol Region 42 23,581 132,067 1 2,270 10,348 2 296 1,934 VI - Western Visayas 91 41,373 240,656 3 867 8,103 17 11,923 60,713 VII - Central Visayas 152 143,398 740,993 6 4,013 25,862 18 4,013 24,883 VIII - Eastern Visayas 55 13,300 81,577 2 277 4,115 4 3,050 18,327 IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 24 7,395 28,239 - - - 2 4,632 14,334 X - Northern Mindanao 60 19,672 100,961 2 894 4,859 3 543 3,715 XI - Davao Region 151 45,648 338,983 1 900 5,000 14 4,606 13,473 XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 36 54,318 349,045 1 61 196 1 120 500 XIII - Caraga 28 20,178 59,846 2 215 3,603 3 2,310 20,285 ARMM 2 3,723 18,934 ------Condominium/Office Building Store Others Num- Floor Num- Floor Num- Floor Value Value Value ber Area ber Area ber Area

Philippines 323 399,885 3,267,361 585 320,344 2,165,085 321 81,857 555,674 NCR 70 233,055 1,854,412 92 12,221 74,011 69 19,558 152,567 CAR 3 2,989 38,765 6 1,280 8,543 4 601 3,913 I - Ilocos Region 13 3,429 30,881 55 9,542 58,441 20 4,193 23,828 II - Cagayan Valley 8 6,196 416,421 14 4,763 14,108 4 442 2,555 III - Central Luzon 27 10,416 54,047 85 106,459 1,013,063 49 11,051 84,339 IVA - CALABARZON 39 16,069 106,279 46 8,028 47,584 41 13,044 75,479 IVB - MIMAROPA 9 4,551 45,138 10 1,308 5,965 6 1,295 6,724 V - Bicol Region 12 6,812 30,360 17 13,137 64,261 10 1,066 25,161 VI - Western Visayas 15 5,944 30,963 30 17,040 113,734 26 5,599 27,142 VII - Central Visayas 29 74,125 346,939 68 49,692 270,122 31 11,555 73,184 VIII - Eastern Visayas 26 6,014 38,611 21 3,752 19,818 2 207 705 IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 3 189 426 14 2,099 11,442 5 475 2,037 X - Northern Mindanao 17 10,750 54,225 26 6,566 31,632 12 919 6,527 XI - Davao Region 40 16,445 189,544 63 14,152 74,149 33 9,545 56,815 XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 7 1,533 17,034 20 50,689 318,460 7 1,915 12,853 XIII - Caraga 4 990 9,374 17 16,271 24,745 2 392 1,837 ARMM 1 378 3,934 1 3,345 15,000 - - -

Source: National Statistics Office, Private Building Construction Statistics POPULATION AND HOUSING 27

TABLE 1.11 Number of New Industrial Building Construction Started, Floor Area and Value of Constructions by Type of Building by Region: Fourth Quarter 2008 (Floor Area in Square Meters, Value in Thousand Pesos)

Total Banks Hotel/Motel, etc Region Num- Floor Num- Floor Num- Floor Value Value ber Area ber Area ber Area Value

Philippines 240 213,233 1,316,076 62 75,677 646,937 15 2,357 14,591 NCR 38 29,021 140,418 4 726 3,341 4 1,003 6,789 CAR 1 45 270 ------I - Ilocos Region 9 2,778 17,705 3 365 3,084 1 60 267 II - Cagayan Valley 5 1,426 6,062 ------III - Central Luzon 23 15,745 163,135 4 8,731 131,021 - - - IVA - CALABARZON 47 60,214 477,205 21 37,936 304,079 2 283 1,023 IVB - MIMAROPA 6 1,601 13,896 1 540 4,479 - - - V - Bicol Region 2 5,031 35,933 ------VI - Western Visayas 13 24,265 53,159 ------VII - Central Visayas 35 33,052 215,108 16 23,832 176,106 2 330 961 VIII - Eastern Visayas 10 3,606 15,798 ------IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 3 1,011 4,308 1 335 1,149 1 76 1,978 X - Northern Mindanao 10 2,593 9,506 1 644 2,514 - - - XI - Davao Region 29 23,719 85,713 8 1,360 6,687 2 119 709 XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 9 9,126 77,853 3 1,208 14,473 3 486 2,861 XIII - Caraga ------ARMM ------Refinery Printing Press Others Num- Floor Num- Floor Num- Floor Value Value Value ber Area ber Area ber Area

Philippines 2 5,031 35,933 2 188 1,168 159 129,980 617,445 NCR - - - 1 30 968 29 27,262 129,318 CAR ------145270 I - Ilocos Region ------5 2,353 14,354 II - Cagayan Valley ------5 1,426 6,062 III - Central Luzon ------19 7,014 32,114 IVA - CALABARZON ------24 21,995 172,102 IVB - MIMAROPA ------5 1,061 9,416 V - Bicol Region 2 5,031 35,933 ------VI - Western Visayas ------13 24,265 53,159 VII - Central Visayas ------17 8,890 38,041 VIII - Eastern Visayas ------10 3,606 15,798 IX - Zamboanga Peninsula ------1 600 1,180 X - Northern Mindanao ------9 1,949 6,992 XI - Davao Region - - - 1 158 200 18 22,082 78,116 XII - SOCCSKSARGEN ------3 7,432 60,518 XIII - Caraga ------ARMM ------

Source: National Statistics Office, Private Building Construction Statistics Section II - LABOR AND EMPLOYMENT The concepts and definitions used ` in the survey can be found in the regular NSO-Integrated Survey of Labor Force Survey

January 2009 Households (ISH) Bulletin. Some are given below:

Labor force – the population 15 years old and over which contributes to the production of goods and services in the country; comprises the employed and unemployed

Employed – persons in the labor force who are reported as either at work or with a job or business although not at work; persons at work are those who did some work, even for an hour during the reference period

Unemployed – persons in the labor force who have no job or business during the reference period and are reportedly looking for work; their desire to Concepts and Definitions work is sincere and they are, therefore, serious about working; also included are

persons without a job or business who The Labor Force Survey (LFS) is are reportedly not looking for work a nationwide survey of households because of the belief that no work was conducted quarterly by the National available or because of temporary illness, Statistics Office (NSO) to gather data on bad weather, or other valid reasons demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of the population. Data Underemployed – employed presented are based on the preliminary persons who express the desire to have results of the January 2009 round of the additional hours of work in their present LFS. job or an additional job, or have a new job with longer working hours For comparative purposes, aside from the January 2009 results, the Labor force participation rate textual tables presented herein contain (LFPR) – ratio of total labor force to the final estimates of the survey conducted in total household population 15 years old January 2008. and over

The reference period used in the Employment rate – proportion of survey is the past seven days preceding employed persons to the total labor force the date of visit of the enumerator. Unemployment rate – proportion of unemployed persons to the total labor force

28 LABOR AND EMPLOYMENT 29

Underemployment rate – proportion different from the estimate reported last of underemployed persons to total employed year at 92.6 percent (Table 2.2). persons.

FIGURE1 Labor Force Participation Rate by Region: January 2009

80.0 69.4 68.3 66.9 66.1 65.8 65.3 66.9 70.0 63.0 63.8 63.7 63.2 63.9 64.6 60.9 62.3 60.2 60.0 55.9

50.0 40.0 30.0

Number (In percent) 20.0

10.0

0.0 I

II V X

III VI IX XI XII VII VIII IVA IVB CAR NCR ARMM Region Caraga

Analysis of Tables NCR posts lowest employment rate

Labor force participation rate slightly The National Capital Region down to 63.3 percent (NCR) posted the lowest employment rate at 86.0 percent. Aside from NCR, Out of the estimated 58.7 million Calabarzon (89.1%), Central Luzon population 15 years old and over in (90.3%), Ilocos Region (91.5%), and January 2009, about 37.1 million persons Central Visayas (92.2%) had employment were reported to be in the labor force, rates lower than the national employment placing the labor force participation rate rate (Table 2.4). at 63.3 percent. The labor force participation rate registered last year was More than half of those employed are 63.4 percent (Table 2.1). in the services sector

MIMAROPA registers highest LFPR FIGURE 2 Employed Persons by Industry: January 2009 Among the regions, Mimaropa registered the highest labor force participation rate at 69.4 percent and the Industry 14.2% Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) posted the lowest at 55.9 percent (Table 2.4). Services Agriculture 51.2% Number of employed persons stable 34.6% at 34.3 million

The number of employed persons in January 2009 was estimated at 34.3 million. This placed the employment rate Of the estimated 34.3 million at 92.3 percent, which is not significantly employed persons in January 2009, more

30 JOURNAL OF PHILIPPINE STATISTICS than one-half (51.2%) worked in the services sector, with those employed in

FIGURE 3 Employment Rate by Region: January 2009

100.0 97.1 97.6 98.0 96.4 96.5 95.7 95.5 95.7 96.0 94.4 93.9 94.0 94.2 93.7 94.0 92.2 91.5 92.0 90.3 90.0 89.1 88.0 86.0 86.0 Number (In percent) 84.0 82.0 80.0

I II X V III IX XI VI XII VII VIII IVA IVB CAR

NCR ARMM Region Caraga

wholesale and retail trade, repair of percent of the total employed were in the motor vehicles, motorcycles and industry sector, with the manufacturing personal and household goods sub- sub-sector making up the largest sector comprising the largest sub-sector percentage (8.3% of the total employed) (19.4% of the total employed) (Table (Table 2.2). 2.2). Laborers and unskilled workers Workers in agriculture comprise the register the biggest occupation group biggest sub-sector Among the various occupation Workers in the agriculture sector groups, the laborers and unskilled workers accounted for 34.6 percent of the total registered the largest group at 31.9 employed, with those engaged in the percent of the total employed persons in agriculture, hunting and forestry sub- January 2009. Farmers, forestry workers sector making up the largest sub-sector and fishermen were the second largest (30.5% of the total employed). Only 14.2 group, accounting for 17.3 percent of the

FIGURE 4 Employed Persons by Occupation Group: January 2009

35.0 31.9 30.0

25.0 20.0 17 . 3 13 . 2 15 . 0 10 . 5 10 . 0 7.5 6.6 5.2 4.7 2.7 5.0 0.4 -

Number (In percent) Laborers Farmers, Officials of Service Trades and Plant and Clerks ProfessionalsTechnicians and Special and forestry government and workers related machine associate occupations unskilled workers, special interest and shop workers operators professionals workers and organizations, and market and fishermen corporate sales assemblers executives workers managers, managing proprietors and supervisors Type of occupation LABOR AND EMPLOYMENT 31

8.1 percent of the total employed, while 5.2 percent were workers in private households. Meanwhile, among the own- account workers, the self-employed total employed (Table 2.2). comprised the majority (31.3% of total employed) (Table 2.2). More than half of those employed are wage and salary workers Six in ten employed are full-time workers Employed persons fall into any of these categories: wage and salary Employed persons are classified as workers, own account workers and either full-time workers or part-time unpaid family workers. Wage and salary workers. Full-time workers are those who workers are those who work for private work for 40 hours or more while part-time households, private establishments, workers work for less than 40 hours. In government or government corporations January 2009, six in every 10 employed and those who work with pay in own persons were full-time workers, with those family operated farm or business. working for 40 to 48 hours having the highest proportion (39.3% of the total FIGURE 5 Employed Persons by Class of Worker: January 2009 employed). Part-time workers comprised 36.3 percent of the total employed (table 2.3). 60 52.3

50 Underemployed persons are estimated

at 18.2 percent 40 35.4

30 Employed persons who express Number the desire to have additional hours of work 20 12.3 in their present job or to have additional 10 job, or to have a new job with longer working hours are considered 0 Wage and salary Own account Unpaid family underemployed. The number of workers workers underemployed persons in January 2009 was estimated at 6.2 million or an Class of workers underemployment rate of 18.2 percent.

More than half (52.3%) of the Around 3.8 million or 60.8 percent employed persons were wage and salary of the total underemployed persons were workers, more than one-third (35.4%) reported as visibly underemployed or were own-account workers, and working less than 40 hours during the 12.3 percent were unpaid family workers reference week. Those working for 40 (Table 2.2). hours or more accounted for 36.1 percent. Most of the underemployed were working Workers in private establishments in the agriculture sector (47.0%) and comprise the biggest proportion of services sector (37.9%). The those employed underemployed in the industry sector accounted for 15.1 percent (Table 2.3). Among the wage and salary workers, those working for private Unemployment rate reaches 7.7 establishments comprised the largest percent proportion (38.7% of the total employed). Government corporations comprised only

32 JOURNAL OF PHILIPPINE STATISTICS

The unemployment rate in respect for human dignity in labor by January 2009 was estimated at 7.7 ensuring workers’ protection and welfare. percent compared to 7.4 percent posted The department also aims to promote full in January last year. Among the regions, employment and manpower development the highest unemployment rate was as well as to maintain industrial peace recorded in the NCR at 14.0 percent (Table 2.4). through enhancement of workers’ participation in policymaking. There are more unemployed males than females Source of Information

More males (64.1% of the total This section presents an overview unemployed) were unemployed than of the current labor condition in the among females (35.9%). By age group, country. Data presented were derived for every 10 unemployed persons, five from the DOLE. Analyses were based on (49.2%) were in the age group 15-24 2007 and fourth quarter 2008 figures years while three (30.3%) were in the culled by DOLE’s Bureau of Labor and age group 25-34 (Table 2.3). Employment Statistics (BLES).

Most of the unemployed are high Definition of Terms school graduates Strike notice - the notification filed Across educational groups, the by a duly registered labor union with unemployed were comprised mostly of respective National Conciliation and high school graduates (32.7%), college Mediation Board (NCMB) regional undergraduates at about one-fifth branches about its intention to go on strike (22.2%), while the college graduates, because of alleged commission by the 18.3 percent (Table 2.3). employer of unfair labor practice acts or because of deadlock in collective bargaining negotiations Labor Relations and Concerns Actual strike - any temporary stoppage of work by the concerted action

of employees as a result of an industrial or The labor sector faces a lot of labor dispute; may include slowdown, legitimate concerns that need to be mass leave, attempts to damage, destroy addressed. Displaced workers left and or sabotage plant equipment and facilities right, retrenchment, strikes and lockouts, and similar activities and even closures of establishments are just some of the bleak features in the Lockout - the temporary refusal of labor scenario. However, with the an employer to furnish work for his determination of the current dispensation employees as a result of an industrial or to provide the push and the help, a more labor dispute; it comprises shutdown, encouraging atmosphere might be in mass retrenchment and dismissal without stead. previous written clearance from the Secretary of Labor and Employment or his The Department of Labor and duly authorized representatives Employment (DOLE) takes the lead in formulating and directing the nation’s Mandays lost - computed by labor policies and programs. Its mission multiplying the number of workers includes the promotion of social justice involved in the strike or lockout by the total and protection of human rights and

LABOR AND EMPLOYMENT 33 number of working days lost or idled due settlement rate stood at 44.3 percent, to strike or lockout which is 11.8 percentage points lower than that in 2008. Workers involved in new Disposition rate - the ratio of the notices filed went down by 11.8 percent total cases disposed to the total number (from 17 thousand to 15 thousand workers of cases handled in the period under review (Table 2.5).

Actual strikes and lockouts handled Settlement rate - the ratio of the drop by one-third, mandays lost down total cases settled to the total number of by 71.4 percent cases handled There were only two handled Preventive mediation case - cases of actual strike and lockout in the subject of a formal or informal request for first quarter of 2009. This was a 33.3 conciliation and mediation assistance percent drop from the 3 cases recorded in sought by either or both parties to avoid 2008 first quarter. the occurrence of actual labor dispute Mandays lost due to these strikes Voluntary arbitration - the mode went down by 71.4 percent from 14 cases of settling labor-management disputes by to four cases. The settlement rate went up which the parties select a competent, to 50.0 percent from 33.3 percent (Table trained, and impartial person who shall 2.5). decide on the merits of the case and whose decision is final, executory, NCR accounts for bulk of strike and and unappealable lockout notices

Conciliation case - an actual or The National Conciliation and existing labor dispute, which is subject of Mediation Board (NCMB) reported a total a notice of strike or lockout or actual of 110 cases of strike notices, actual strike or lockout case, filed with the strikes, and mediation. Of these, the NCR appropriate NCMB regional branches accounted for 52 (47.3%) of all new strike and lockout notices filed. CALABARZON Conciliation or mediation - was second with 23 notices (20.91%) mode of settlement bringing together the while Central Luzon had 11 notices two parties in a dispute to come to (10.0%) to place third (Table 2.6). negotiations and settlement of the dispute. NCR accounts for bulk of mandays lost from on-going strikes Analysis of Tables In the 2009 period under review, Strike and lock out notices decrease mandays lost from on-going strikes by 6.82 percent reached 1,400. CALABARZON accounted for 100 percent of this figure, (Table 2.6). Number of new strike and lockout notices filed decreased to 41 in the first NCR has the most number of pending quarter of 2009 compared to 2008’s tally and beginning preventive mediation of 44 or a decrease of 6.8 percent. cases

Cases handled, including pending Table 2.6 shows that the total of notices, however, reached 115, a 182 pending and beginning cases in the significant decrease of 22.3 percent from period under review. 148 cases in the previous year. The

34 JOURNAL OF PHILIPPINE STATISTICS

By region, NCR had the bulk of the total pending and beginning preventive mediation cases with 69 (37.9%) while Calabarzon was second with 44 cases (24.2%). Davao Region, on third, reported 16 cases (8.8%). The rest of the regions reported a combined total share of 29.1percent (Table 2.6).

Original preventive mediation cases filed down by 2.8 percent

Original preventive mediation cases filed numbered 137 cases in the first quarter of 2009 from 141 cases in the same period in 2008 to register a 2.8 percent decline.

Cases handled went up by 13, from 187 and workers involved consequently increased to 46,000 from 33,000 in the period under review.

A total of 124 voluntary arbitration cases were facilitated and monitored in the first quarter of 2009 from 145 cases in the same period of 2008 or a decrease of 14.5 percent. Of these cases, 42 (33.9%) were disposed either by decision, amicable settlement or withdrawal (Table 2.7).

Pending and beginning appealed mediation-arbitration cases increase by 27.5 percent

In the last quarter of 2009, there were 37 pending and beginning appealed mediation-arbitration cases. This was a 27.5 percent decrease from the 51 cases recorded in 2008. The disposition rate for these cases also increased to 16.1 percent from 37.5 percent (Table 2.8).

LABOR AND EMPLOYMENT 35

TABLE 2.1 Comparative Labor Statistics: January 2008 and 2009

Region January 2009 January 2008

Total 15 years old and over (in '000) 58,657 57,390 Labor Force Participation Rate (%) 63.3 63.4 Employment Rate (%) 92.3 92.6 Unemployment Rate (%) 7.7 7.4 Underemployment Rate (%) 18.2 18.9

Notes: Estimates for January 2009 are preliminary and may change. Figures were estimated using the 2000 Census-based Population Projections. Source: National Statistics Office, January 2009 Labor Force Survey 36 JOURNAL OF PHILIPPINE STATISTICS

TABLE 2.2 Employed Persons by Industry, Occupation, Class of Worker and Hours Worked: January 2009 (In percent)

Selected Indicators January 2009

Employed persons Number (in thousands) 34,258

Industry Sector Total 100.0 Agriculture 34.6 Agriculture, hunting and forestry 30.5 Fishing 4.1 Industry 14.2 Mining and quarrying 0.4 Manufacturing 8.3 Electricity, gas and water 0.4 Construction 5.0 Services 51.2 Wholesale and retail trade, repair of motor vehicles, motorcycles and personal and household goods 19.4 Hotels and restaurants 2.9 Transport, storage, and communication 7.8 Financial Intermediation 1.0 Real estate, renting, and business activities 3.0 Public administration and defense, compulsory social security 4.8 Education 3.4 Health and social work 1.3 Other community, social, and personal service activities 2.5 Private households with employed persons 5.2 Extra-territorial organizations and bodies -

Occupation Total 100.0 Officials of government and special interest organizations, corporate executives, managers, managing proprietors and supervisors 13.2 Professionals 4.7 Technicians and associate professionals 2.7 Clerks 5.2 Service workers and shop and market sales workers 10.5 Farmers, forestry workers, and fishermen 17.3 Trades and related workers 7.5 Plant and machine operators and assemblers 6.6 Laborers and unskilled workers 31.9 Special occupations 0.4

Class of worker Total 100.0 Wage and salary workers 52.3

Continued LABOR AND EMPLOYMENT 37

Table 2.2 -- Concluded

Selected Indicators January 2009

Private household 5.2 Private establishment 38.7 Government/government corporation 8.1 With pay (family-owned business) 0.2 Own account 35.4 Self employed 31.3 Employer 4.1 Unpaid family workers 12.3

Hours worked Total 100.0 Working: Less than 40 hours 36.3 40 hours and over 62.0 Did not work 1.7 Mean hours worked 41.3

Notes: Estimates for October 2009 are preliminary and may change. Figures were estimated using the 2000 Census-based Population Projections. Source: National Statistics Office, October 2008 Labor Force Survey

TABLE 2.3 Underemployed Persons by Hours Worked and Industry and Unemployed Persons by Age Group, Sex and Highest Grade Completed January 2008 and January 2009

January January Selected Indicators 2009 2008

Underemployed persons Number (in thousands) 6,238 6,368

Hours worked Total 100.0 100.0 Worked less than 40 hours 60.8 61.2 Worked 40 hours and over 36.1 36.8 Did not work 3.1 2.0

Industry sector Total 100.0 100.0 Agriculture 47.0 49.3 Industry 15.1 14.9 Services 37.9 35.8

Unemployed persons Number (in thousands) 2,855 2,675

Continued 38 JOURNAL OF PHILIPPINE STATISTICS

Table 2.3 -- Concluded

January January Selected Indicators 2009 2008

Age group Total 100.0 100.0 15 - 24 49.2 49.6 25 - 34 30.3 29.7 35 - 44 9.6 10.3 45 - 54 6.7 6.6 55 - 64 3.5 3.2 65 and Over 0.7 0.6

Male 64.1 65.1 Female 35.9 34.9

Highest grade completed Total 100.0 100.0 No grade completed 0.4 0.4 Elementary 14.4 14.8 Undergraduate 6.4 6.7 Graduate 8.0 8.0 High school 44.7 46.3 Undergraduate 12.0 12.8 Graduate 32.7 33.5 College 40.5 38.6 Undergraduate 22.2 20.6 Graduate 18.3 18.0

Notes: Estimates for January 2009 are preliminary and may change. Figures were estimated using the 2000 Census-based Population Projections. Source: National Statistics Office, January 2009 Labor Force Survey LABOR AND EMPLOYMENT 39

TABLE 2.4 Rates of Labor Force Participation, Employment, Unemployment and Underemployment by Region: January 2009 (In percent)

Labor Force Employment Unemployment Underemployment Region Participation Rate Rate Rate Rate

Philippines 63.3 92.3 7.7 18.2 NCR 60.9 86.0 14.0 12.4 CAR 66.9 95.7 4.3 18.3 I - Ilocos Region 62.3 91.5 8.5 20.9 II - Cagayan Valley 66.1 97.1 2.9 14.1 III - Central Luzon 60.2 90.3 9.7 4.9 IVA - CALABARZON 63.0 89.1 10.9 14.6 IVB - MIMAROPA 69.4 95.5 4.5 26.3 V - Bicol Region 63.8 93.9 6.1 38.0 VI - Western Visayas 63.7 94.0 6.0 23.0 VII - Central Visayas 63.2 92.2 7.8 14.0 VIII - Eastern Visayas 63.9 94.4 5.6 25.1 IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 65.8 96.4 3.6 21.2 X - Northern Mindanao 68.3 95.7 4.3 27.2 XI - Davao Region 64.6 94.2 5.8 19.1 XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 65.3 96.5 3.5 17.8 Caraga 66.9 93.7 6.3 28.9 ARMM 55.9 97.6 2.4 12.0

Notes: Estimates for January 2009 are preliminary and may change. Figures were estimated using the 2000 Census-based Population Projections. Source: National Statistics Office, January 2009 Labor Force Survey 40 JOURNAL OF PHILIPPINE STATISTICS

TABLE 2.5 Strike and Lockout Notices and Actual Strikes and Lockouts First Quarter 2008 and 2009

Indicator 2009 2008

Strike and lockout notices Cases pending, beginning 41 44 New notices filed 74 104 Cases handled 115 148 Cases disposed 55 97 Settled 51 83 Assumed jurisdiction by the Secretary 1 - Certified for compulsory arbitration 1 10 Treated as preventive mediation case - - Other modes of disposition - 2 Materialized into actual strikes or lockouts 2 2 Workers involved in new notices filed (000) 15 17 Disposition rate (%) 47.8 65.5 Settlement rate (%) 44.3 56.1

Actual strikes and lockouts

Cases pending, beginning - - New strikes declared 1 23 Cases handled 23 Work normalized 21 Settled 11 Assumed jurisdiction by the Secretary 1 - Certified for compulsory arbitration - - Other modes of disposition - - Workers involved in new strikes declared 1,200 810 Mandays lost from on-going strikes (000) 4 14 Disposition rate (%) 100.0 33.3 Settlement rate (%) 50.0 33.3

Notes: Details may not add up to totals due to rounding. 1 Includes actual strikes and lockouts without notices.

p Preliminary Source: Department of Labor and Employment, National Conciliation and Mediation Board LABOR AND EMPLOYMENT 41

TABLE 2.6 Strike and Lockout Notices, Actual Strikes and Lockouts and Preventive Mediation Cases by Region: January to March 2009

I II III IV-A IV-B V Indicator Philippines NCR CAR Ilocos Cagayan Central CALABARZON MIMAROPA Bicol Region Valley Luzon Region

Strike/lockout notices Pending, beginning 41 19 - - - 4 12 - - New notices filed 69 33 - 3 - 7 11 - 2 Cases handled 110 52 - 3 - 11 23 - 2 Cases disposed 50 23 - 3 - 6 9 - - Cases settled 47 22 - 3 - 6 8 - - Cases which materialized into actual strikes or lockouts 1 - - - - - 1 - - Workers involved in new notices filed 14,168 3,656 - 682 - 1,165 5,792 - 181 Disposition rate (%) 45.5 44.2 - 100.0 - 54.5 39.1 - - Settlement rate (%) 42.7 42.3 - 100.0 - 54.5 34.8 - -

Actual strikes and lockouts Pending, beginning ------New strikes declared 1 - - - - - 1 - - Cases handled 1 - - - - - 1 - - Work normalized 1 - - - - - 1 - - Cases settled ------Workers involved in new strikes declared 700 - - - - - 700 - - Mandays lost from on-going strikes 1,400 - - - - - 1,400 - - Disposition rate (%) 100.0 - - - - 100.0 - - Settlement rate (%) ------

Preventive mediation cases Pending, beginning 50 18 1 - 1 1 12 - 2 Original preventive mediation cases filed 132 51 - 3 1 12 32 - 2 Strike notices treated as preventive mediation cases ------Cases handled 182 69 1 3 2 13 44 - 4 Strikes prevented 102 45 - 3 - 8 21 - 3 Cases settled 98 45 - 3 - 7 20 - 3 Workers involved in preventive mediation cases filed 43,202 20,879 - 311 1 3,215 11,250 - 138 Disposition rate (%) 56.0 65.2 - 100.0 - 61.5 47.7 - 75.0 Settlement rate (%) 53.8 65.2 - 100.0 - 53.8 45.5 - 75.0

Continued 42 JOURNAL OF PHILIPPINE STATISTICS

Table 2.6 -- Concluded

VI VII VIII IX X XI XII XIII Indicator Western Central Eastern Zamboanga Northern Davao SOCCSKSARGEN Caraga Visayas Visayas Visayas Peninsula Mindanao Region

Strike and lockout notices Pending, beginning 1 2 - - - 3 - - New notices filed 2 6 - - 1 4 - - Cases handled 3 8 - - 1 7 - - Cases disposed 1 3 - - 1 4 - - Cases settled 1 3 - - 1 3 - - Cases which materialized into actual strikes or lockouts ------Workers involved in new notices filed 50 1,255 - - 118 1,269 - - Disposition rate (%) 33.3 37.5 - - 100.0 57.1 - - Settlement rate (%) 33.3 37.5 - - 100.0 42.9 - -

Actual strikes and lockouts Pending, beginning ------New strikes declared ------Cases handled ------Work normalized ------Cases settled ------Workers involved in new strikes declared ------Mandays lost from on-going strikes ------Disposition rate (%) ------Settlement rate (%) ------

Preventive mediation cases Pending, beginning 6 3 - - - 3 3 - Original preventive mediation cases filed 3 8 1 - 3 13 2 1 Strike notices treated as preventive mediation cases ------Cases handled 9 11 1 - 3 16 5 1 Cases disposed 3 6 1 - 1 6 5 - Cases settled 3 5 1 - 1 5 5 - Workers involved in preventive mediation cases filed 329 1,649 23 - 2,369 1,829 401 808 Disposition rate (%) 33.3 54.5 100.0 - 33.3 37.5 100.0 - Settlement rate (%) 33.3 45.5 100.0 - 33.3 31.3 100.0 -

Note: New strikes declared include actual strikes/lockouts without notices. Source: Department of Labor and Employment,National Conciliation and Mediation Board LABOR AND EMPLOYMENT 43

TABLE 2.7 Preventive Mediation Cases and Voluntary Arbitration Cases First Quarter 2008 and 2009

Indicator 2009 2008

Preventive mediation cases Cases pending, beginning 50 33 Original preventive mediation cases filed 137 141 Strike notices treated as preventive mediation cases -- Cases handled 187 174 Cases disposed 126 119 Settled 119 113 Assumed jurisdiction by the Secretary - - Certified for compulsory arbitration - - Referred to compulsory arbitration - - Referred to voluntary arbitration - - Materialized into notices of strikes and lockouts and actual strikes and lockouts 6 4 Other modes of disposition 1 2 Workers involved in preventive mediation cases filed (000) 46 33 Disposition rate (%) 67.4 68.4 Settlement rate (%) 63.6 64.9

Voluntary arbitration cases Cases pending, beginning 88 110 New cases facilitated/monitored 36 35 Total cases facilitated/monitored 124 145 Cases disposed 42 31 Decided 38 28 Settled amicably 32 Withdrawn/dropped 11 Disposition rate (%) 33.9 21.4

Notes : Details may not add up to totals due to rounding. Definitions: Disposition rate (%) = Cases disposed/cases handled x 100. Settlement rate (%) = Cases settled/cases handled x 100. Voluntary arbitration - mode of settling labor-management disputes by which the parties select a competent, trained and impartial person who shall decide on the merits of the cases and whose decision is final, executory and unappealable. Source: Department of Labor and Employment, National Conciliation and Mediation Board 44 JOURNAL OF PHILIPPINE STATISTICS

TABLE 2.8 Original and Appealed Mediation-Arbitration Cases and Money Claims First Quarter 2008 and 2009

Indicator 2009 2008

Original med-arbitration cases (BLR and DOLE Regional offices) Cases pending, beginning 80 96 Cases newly filed - 129 Cases handled - 225 Cases disposed -75 Petitions granted -44 Withdrawn/dismissed - 31 Disposition rate (%) - 33.3

Appealed med-arbitration cases (BLR and OS) Cases pending, beginning 37 51 Cases newly filed 25 37 Cases handled 62 88 Cases disposed 10 33 Disposition rate (%) 16.1 37.5

Money claims (DOLE regional offices) Cases pending, beginning 1,231 743 New cases filed - 1,459 Cases handled - 2,202 Cases disposed - 1,281 Disposition rate (%) - 58.2 Workers benefited - 1,449 Amount of benefits (In million pesos) - 9.0

Notes: Details may not add up to totals due to rounding. P Preliminary 1 Revised based on inventory of cases. Source: Bureau of Labor Relations (BLR), Statistical and Performance Reporting System (SPRS), Office of the Secretary (OS) Section III – TRAVEL AND TOURISM

Visitor Arrivals Forum (WEF) has brought up the Philippine tourism industry's global to the Philippines ranking from 86th to 81st in its 2008 First Semester 2009 Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Report.

The World Economic Forum is a Geneva (Switzerland)-based nonprofit organization that advocates global development through partnership with industry and policy leaders in addressing international and regional issues. WEF’s yearly Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Report measures the viability and attractiveness of the travel and tourism industry in 103 countries around the world. The 2008 survey puts particular focus on balancing economic Camarines Sur is known as the “Premier Province development with environmental of Bicolandia”. It is famous with its water sports that serve as haven for tourists and adventurers. sustainability.

For the past years, the The WEF ranking is based on government’s stance in developing a data from public records, international more sustainable tourism industry has tourism institutions, industry experts, as certainly paid off. Not only has the well as results from an executive opinion Philippines become one of the most survey. The gathered information is frequently visited tourist spots in Asia, analyzed and applied to a scoring today’s revitalized industry also provides system, where seven ranks the highest. additional jobs for Filipinos without The competitive index highlights a compromising the integrity of local country’s tourism industry in factors such diversity and culture. as regulatory framework, business environment and infrastructure, and

The Department of Tourism available human, cultural, and natural (DOT) takes the lead in furthering the resources. position of the country as a favored travel destination. Along with other agencies Source of Information and organizations, it aims to break down fundamental barriers to tourism growth Statistics presented in this section and works to minimize the impediments deal on the travel of visitors to the to realizing a better tourism scenario. Philippines taken from arrival and departure cards and shipping Recently, the World Economic manifests of the DOT.

45 46 JOURNAL OF PHILIPPINE STATISTICS

Definition of Terms ♦ Filipinos living abroad, regardless of length of stay overseas who are not Visitor – any person visiting the permanent residents abroad Philippines for any reason other than ♦ Immigrants or aliens (expatriates) following an occupation renumerated who are permanently residing in the from within the country and whose Philippines residence is not the Philippines (World ♦ Filipino overseas contract workers on Tourism Organization) home visits, and ♦ Returning residents of the There are two types of visitors Philippines. under this definition, namely tourist and excursionist, defined as follows: Analysis of Tables

Tourist – temporary visitor Visitor arrivals plunge by 12.8 percent staying at least 24 hours in the country for a purpose classified as either holiday For the first semester (January to (recreation, leisure, sport, and visit to June) of 2009, aggregate visitor arrivals family, friends or relatives), business, reached 1,424,121. This was 209,766 official mission, convention, or health short compared to 1,633,887 arrivals reasons registered in the first semester of 2008,

translated to a decrease of 12.8 percent Excursionist – temporary visitor (Table 3.1). staying less than 24 hours in the country

Based on the above definitions, Asian visitors comprise more than the following are included in the visitor half of total visitor arrivals headcount: FIGURE 1 Visitor Arrivals by Region January-June 2008 and 2009 Aliens entering the country for a ♦ temporary stay not exceeding one year

and for purposes other than immigration, 900.0 880.1

permanent residence or employment for 773.0 800.0 renumeration in the country, and 2009 700.0 ♦ Filipino nationals or overseas Filipinos 2008 600.0 residing permanently abroad who are on temporary stay in the Philippines not 500.0

370.7 exceeding one year. These exclude 400.0 364.7

overseas contract workers. 300.0

164.7 156.2 Volume ( In thousands) Volume ( 200.0 88.1 However, the following are 85.4 100.0 1.7 1.6 1.8 excluded in the visitor headcount: 1.4 0.0 s

♦ Transit visitors and change-plane Asia Africa passengers who remain in the premises Europe Australia of the port of entry terminal North America ♦ Aliens with prearranged employment for South America Region renumeration in the Philippines, and aliens studying in the country regardless DOT’s arrival statistics showed of length of stay Asia leading other continents as it

accounted for 773,049 or 54.23 percent

TRAVEL AND TOURISM 47

of the aggregate arrivals in the first because of United Kingdom registering semester of 2009. This was a 12.2 4,527 difference of June 2009 from June percent slump from first quarter 2008’s 2008 or 76.2 increase. Number of 880,058 arrivals. East Asia has the lion returning overseas Filipinos plummeted share of total visitor arrivals among Asian as well by 6.6 percent equivalent to regions with 597,291 (41.9%). Far cry 1,568. Notable decreases were recorded from the 715,608 it recorded in the 1st by East Asian countries with a total semester of 2008 number dropped by difference of 29,840. Korea recorded the 16.5 percent. highest difference with 14,646 followed by Japan 7,452 (Table 3.2). Arrivals from North America totaled 364,392 or 25.6 percent of the United States takes the top spot as aggregate figure to register second. This the country’s leading visitor was a decrease of 1.6 percent from first semester 2008’s 370,703 arrivals. The United States of America Among its countries, the United States of (USA) remained the biggest travel America accounted for the bulk or 21.9 market as it accounted for 311,811 percent (311,881) of the total inbound arrivals or 21.9 percent share. Korea traffic. stayed at second with its 252,500 arrivals or a 17.7 percent share, while Japan stay Europe with 156,182 arrivals, placed in third with 159,125 arrivals registered third with 11.0 percent share (11.2). of total arrivals. It marked a 5.2 percent drop from 164,690 arrivals in the first FIGURE 2 Top Ten Travel Markets semester of 2008. January-June 2008 and 2009

Africa registered the least number 45.0 United Kingdom 43.8 of arrivals among the continents. Its 49.2 Singapore share to the aggregate arrival figure was 47.3 60.2 2008 a measly 0.1 percent (Figure 1). Taiwan 51.2 2009 51.9 Canada Overseas Filipino arrivals post 4.7 52.2 59.0 percent fall Australia 62.1 58.8 Hong Kong Country 61.9 Overseas Filipinos, who 88.5 comprised 7.2 percent of the total China 72.5 185.4 arrivals, posted a 0.8 percent drop in the Japan 15 9 . 1 period under review. From 103,264 322.7 Korea arrivals in the first semester of 2008 it fell 252.5 318.2 to 102,455 in the same period of 2009 United States 3 11. 9 Of America (Table 3.1). 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350

Month-on-month growth rate dips by Volume (In thousands) 8.1 percent

The month-on-month growth rate Hong Kong, which ranked fifth, for June 2009 and June 2008 posted an registered the highest improvement with 8.1 percent drop. There were decreases 5.3 growth rate among the top ten travel among Asia (20.6), North America (1.1) markets. From 58.770 arrivals in the first and South America (2.5). Europe posted semester of 2008 it rose to 61,888 a significant 16.2 improvement mostly arrivals for the same period in 2009.

48 JOURNAL OF PHILIPPINE STATISTICS

Seven of the top ten travel almost the same in January to June of markets reported decreases in arrival 2008 which registered 2.41nights (Table volume. Korea showed the most 3.4). significant decline of 21.8 percent while China (3rd place) and Japan’s descent by De Luxe Hotels 18 percent and 14.2 percent respectively. The USA, despite the largest contributor De Luxe hotels’ occupancy rate of the country’s travel market also fell by was down by 7.4 percentage points, 66.0 6,289 compared to 318,170 it registered percent in the first semester of 2009 from in the same period. 73.4 percent in January to June of 2008. The average length of stay increased by The 1.11 million arrivals from 0.1 percentage points as January to June these ten countries accounted for 78.3 2008’s average of 2.7 nights rose to 2.7 percent of the total arrival figure (Table nights in January to June of 2009. 3.3 and Figure 2). First Class Hotels

Hotel Accommodations Average occupancy rate for First and Visitors’ Average Length Class hotels in January to June of 2009 of Stay: First Semester 2009 was 59.0 percent, a decrease of 13.1 percentage points from the 72.1 percent average recorded in January to June of FIGURE 3 Average Occupancy Rates 2008. Similarly, the average length of of Hotels in Metro Manila by Classification stay was shorter in January to June of January-June 2008 and 2009 2009. From 2.42 nights in January to 2009 June of 2008, it decreased to 2.62 nights. 2008 80 73.4 72.1 74.1 Standard Hotels 68.2 67.2 70 66.0 64.7 59.0 60 In January to June of 2009, the average occupancy rate of Standard 50 hotels slipped to 68.2 percent, which 40 translated to a 6.0 percentage points 30 decrease compared to the 74.14 percent Occupancy rate 20 average occupancy rate registered in 10 January to June of 2008. Likewise, the average length of stay reduced by 0.09 0 De lux e Firs t Standard Economy percentage points from 2.49 nights to class 2.40 nights in the period under review.

Hotel classification Economy Hotels

The overall average occupancy The 67.2 percent occupancy rate of hotels was down by 6.0 report of Economy hotels for January to percentage points. From the 71.1 percent June of 2009 was 2.5 percentage points occupancy level recorded in January to higher than the 64.7 percent occupancy June of 2008, the figure went down to level recorded for the same period in 65.1 percent in January to June of 2009. 2008. The average length of stay also The average length of stay of guests in increased from 1.85 nights to 2.07 nights these hotels was 2.40 nights, which was (Table 3.4).

TRAVEL AND TOURISM 49

TABLE 3.1 Visitor Arrivals by Country of Residence January-June 2008 and 2009

Number of Arrivals Percent Country of Residence January-June January-June Increase/ 2009 2008 (Decrease)

GRAND TOTAL 1,424,121 1,633,887 (12.8)

Overseas Filipinos* 102,455 103,264 (0.8)

Asia 773,049 880,058 (12.2) ASEAN 127,204 124,791 1.9 Brunei 1,844 1,607 14.7 Cambodia 859 828 3.7 Indonesia 14,699 13,800 6.5 Laos 355 358 (0.8) Malaysia 35,536 33,220 7.0 Myanmar 2,755 2,294 20.1 Singapore 47,261 49,217 (4.0) Thailand 16,893 16,510 2.3 Vietnam 7,002 6,957 0.6

East Asia 597,291 715,608 (16.5) China 72,530 88,496 (18.0) Hong Kong 61,888 58,770 5.3 Japan 159,125 185,431 (14.2) Korea 252,500 322,716 (21.8) Taiwan 51,248 60,195 (14.9)

South Asia 23,600 22,617 4.3 Bangladesh 1,043 882 18.3 India 17,004 16,757 1.5 Iran 2,126 1,589 33.8 Nepal 611 517 18.2 Pakistan 1,216 1,148 5.9 Sri Lanka 1,600 1,724 (7.2)

Middle East 24,954 17,042 46.4 Bahrain 1,487 1,349 10.2 Egypt 602 277 117.3 Jordan 310 251 23.5 Kuwait 6,960 1,803 286.0 Qatar* 1,342 0 - Saudi Arabia 9,379 8,241 13.8 United Arab Emirates 4,874 5,121 (4.8)

North America 364,692 370,703 (1.6) Canada 52,213 51,855 0.7 Mexico 598 678 (11.8) United States of America 311,881 318,170 (2.0)

Continued 50 JOURNAL OF PHILIPPINE STATISTICS

Table 3.1 -- Continued

Number of Arrivals Percent Country of Residence January-June January-June Increase/ 2009 2008 (Decrease)

South America 1,817 1,730 5.0 Argentina 379 289 31.1 Brazil 770 781 (1.4) Colombia 277 240 15.4 Peru 239 270 (11.5) Venezuela 152 150 1.3

Europe 156,182 164,690 (5.2) Western Europe 68,157 68,765 (0.9) Austria 5,466 5,256 4.0 Belgium 4,575 4,568 0.2 France 12,670 11,898 6.5 Germany 27,509 28,649 (4.0) Luxembourg 184 233 (21.0) Netherlands 8,421 8,988 (6.3) Switzerland 9,332 9,173 1.7

Northern Europe 68,671 71,408 (3.8) Denmark 5,955 6,722 (11.4) Finland 1,626 1,581 2.8 Ireland 2,856 2,647 7.9 Norway 7,603 7,897 (3.7) Sweden 6,865 7,596 (9.6) United Kingdom 43,766 44,965 (2.7)

Southern Europe 14,090 15,644 (9.9) Greece 791 915 (13.6) Italy 7,544 7,841 (3.8) Portugal 428 507 (15.6) Spain 5,327 6,253 (14.8) Union of Serbia and Montenegro** 0 128 (100.0)

Eastern Europe 5,264 8,873 (40.7) Commonwealth of Independent States 1,141 1,853 (38.4) Russian Federation*** 3,395 5,920 (42.7) Total (CIS and Russia) 4,536 7,773 (41.6) Poland 728 1,100 (33.8)

Eastern Mediterranean Europe 3,092 2,056 Israel 2,040 2,056 (0.8) Turkey 1,052 -

Australasia/Pacific 88,093 85,394 3.2 Australia 62,092 59,024 5.2 Guam 19,790 20,521 (3.6) Nauru 1 4 - New Zealand 4,986 5,116 (2.5) Papua New Guinea 1,224 729 67.9

Continued TRAVEL AND TOURISM 51

Table 3.1 -- Concluded

Number of Arrivals Percent Country of Residence January-June January-June Increase/ 2009 2008 (Decrease)

Africa 1,448 1,622 (10.7) Nigeria 362 367 (1.4) South Africa 1,086 1,255 (13.5)

Other unspecified residences 32,506 24,370 33.4

Notes: * - Philippine passport holders permanently residing abroad; excludes overseas Filipino workers. ** - Prior to April 2003, statistics from this country includes, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia, and Macedonia. *** - Prior to July 2006, Russia arrivals were lumped under "CIS" and prior to August 2006, Estonia, Latvia and Turkmenistan ariivals were lumped under "CIS"

Source: Department of Tourism

TABLE 3.2 Visitor Arrivals by Country of Residence: June 2008 and 2009

June 2009 June 2008 Percent Country of Residence Percent Percent Increase/ Volume to Total Volume to Total (Decrease)

GRAND TOTAL 264,455 100.0 287,632 100.0 (8.1)

Overseas Filipinos* 22,202 8.4 23,770 8.3 (6.6)

Asia 113,076 42.8 142,436 49.5 (20.6) ASEAN 21,436 8.1 21,545 7.5 (0.5) Brunei 262 0.1 413 0.1 (36.6) Cambodia 127 0.0 188 0.1 (32.4) Indonesia 2,530 1.0 2,650 0.9 (4.5) Laos 75 - 79 - (5.1) Malaysia 5,897 2.2 5,492 1.9 7.4 Myanmar 541 0.2 406 0.1 33.3 Singapore 8,023 3.0 8,433 2.9 (4.9) Thailand 2,719 1.0 2,599 0.9 4.6 Vietnam 1,262 0.5 1,285 0.4 (1.8)

East Asia 83,421 31.5 113,261 39.4 (26.3) China 8,366 3.2 12,038 4.2 (30.5) Hong Kong 8,361 3.2 9,793 3.4 (14.6) Japan 20,617 7.8 28,069 9.8 (26.5) Korea 38,065 14.4 52,711 18.3 (27.8) Taiwan 8,012 3.0 10,650 3.7 (24.8)

South Asia 4,414 1.7 3,993 1.4 10.5 Bangladesh 178 0.1 125 0.0 42.4 India 3,013 1.1 2,687 0.9 12.1 Iran 577 0.2 520 0.2 11.0

Continued 52 JOURNAL OF PHILIPPINE STATISTICS

Table 3.2 -- Continued

June 2009 June 2008 Percent Country of Residence Percent Percent Increase/ Volume to Total Volume to Total (Decrease)

Nepal 135 0.1 88 0.0 53.4 Pakistan 226 0.1 255 0.1 (11.4) Sri Lanka 285 0.1 318 0.1 (10.4)

Middle East 3,805 1.4 3,637 1.3 4.6 Bahrain 254 0.1 303 0.1 (16.2) Egypt 106 0.0 93 0.0 14.0 Jordan 58 0.0 57 0.0 1.8 Kuwait 744 0.3 440 0.2 69.1 Qatar**** 204 0.1 0.0 - Saudi Arabia 1,496 0.6 1,526 0.5 (2.0) United Arab Emirates 943 0.4 1,218 0.4 (22.6)

North America 57,530 21.8 58,169 20.2 (1.1) Canada 5,281 2.0 5,911 2.1 (10.7) Mexico 65 0.0 93 0.0 (30.1) United States of America 52,184 19.7 52,165 18.1 0.0

South America 277 0.1 284 0.1 (2.5) Argentina 36 0.0 38 0.0 (5.3) Brazil 115 0.0 135 0.0 (14.8) Colombia 54 0.0 29 0.0 86.2 Peru 53 0.0 47 0.0 12.8 Venezuela 19 0.0 35 0.0 (45.7)

Europe 26,235 9.9 22,582 7.9 16.2 Western Europe 8,416 3.2 9,452 3.3 (11.0) Austria 835 0.3 709 0.2 17.8 Belgium 971 0.4 847 0.3 14.6 France 1,327 0.5 1,465 0.5 (9.4) Germany 3,039 1.1 3,895 1.4 (22.0) Luxembourg 24 0.0 30 0.0 (20.0) Netherlands 1,174 0.4 1,414 0.5 (17.0) Switzerland 1,046 0.4 1,092 0.4 (4.2)

Northern Europe 14,770 5.6 10,303 3.6 43.4 Denmark 726 0.3 726 0.3 0.0 Finland 273 0.1 250 0.1 9.2 Ireland 533 0.2 481 0.2 10.8 Norway 1,794 0.7 1,871 0.7 (4.1) Sweden 978 0.4 1,036 0.4 (5.6) United Kingdom 10,466 4.0 5,939 2.1 76.2 Southern Europe 2,229 0.8 2,133 0.7 4.5 Greece 140 0.1 152 0.1 (7.9) Italy 1,159 0.4 1,018 0.4 13.9 Portugal 66 0.0 56 0.0 17.9 Spain 864 0.3 884 0.3 (2.3) Union of Serbia and Montenegro** 0.0 23 0.0 (100.0)

Continued TRAVEL AND TOURISM 53

Table 3.2 -- Concluded

June 2009 June 2008 Percent Country of Residence Percent Percent Increase/ Volume to Total Volume to Total (Decrease)

Eastern Europe 820 0.3 694 0.2 18.2 Commonwealth of Independent States 248 0.1 221 0.1 12.2 Russian Federation*** 443 0.2 364 0.1 (7.7) Total (CIS and Russia) 691 0.3 585 0.2 18.1 Poland 129 0.0 109 0.0 18.3

Eastern Mediterranean Europe***** Israel 263 276 Turkey 161

Australasia/Pacific 15,176 5.7 14,338 5.0 5.8 Australia 9,781 3.7 8,544 3.0 14.5 Guam 4,292 1.6 4,816 1.7 (10.9) Nauru 0 0.0 1 - 100.0 New Zealand 883 0.3 809 0.3 9.1 Papua New Guinea 220 0.1 168 - 31.0

Africa 279 0.1 262 0.1 6.5 Nigeria 88 - 63 - 39.7 South Africa 191 0.1 199 0.1 (4.0)

Others and unspecified residences 6,118 2.3 3,635 1.3 68.3

Notes: * - Philippine passport holders permanently residing abroad; excludes overseas Filipino workers. ** - Prior to April 2003, statistics from this country includes, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia, and Macedonia. *** - Prior to July 2006, Russia arrivals were lumped under "CIS" and prior to August 2006, Estonia, Latvia and Turkmenistan ariivals were lumped under "CIS" **** - Prior to 2009, Statistics from this country were lumped under "Other" ***** - Grouping from UNWTO; prior to 2009, statistics from Israel were lumped under "Middle East"' Source : Department of Tourism

54 JOURNAL OF PHILIPPINE STATISTICS

TABLE 3.3 Top Ten Travel Markets: January-June 2008 and 2009

January-June January-June Percent 2009 2008 Increase/ Percent Volume Decrease to Total Rank Volume

Total 1,424,121 100.0 1,633,887 (12.8) United States of America 311,881 21.9 1 318,170 (2.0) Korea 252,500 17.7 2 322,716 (21.8) Japan 159,125 11.2 3 185,431 (14.2) China 72,530 5.1 4 88,496 (18.0) Hong Kong 61,888 4.3 5 58,770 5.3 Australia 62,092 4.4 6 59,024 5.2 Canada 52,213 3.7 7 51,855 0.7 Taiwan 51,248 3.6 8 60,195 (14.9) Singapore 47,261 3.3 9 49,217 (4.0) United Kingdom 43,766 3.1 10 44,965 (2.7) Other Countries 309,617 21.7 395,048 (21.6)

Source : Department of Tourism TABLE 3.4 Average Occupancy Rates of Hotels in Metro Manila by Classification January-June 2008 and 2009

Overall Average Classification January-June January-June Difference 2009 2008

Occupancy Rates 65.09 71.07 (5.98) Length of stay (in Nights) 2.40 2.41 (0.01)

De luxe Occupancy Rates 66.01 73.37 (7.36) Length of stay 2.72 2.66 0.06

First Class Occupancy Rates 59.02 72.08 (13.06) Length of stay 2.42 2.62 (0.20)

Standard Occupancy Rates 68.17 74.14 (5.97) Length of stay 2.40 2.49 (0.09)

Economy Occupancy Rates 67.15 64.68 2.47 Length of stay 2.07 1.85 0.22

Source : Department of Tourism Section IV - SOCIAL WELFARE AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT

Welfare Services agency to provide support to local government units (LGUs), non- and Benefits: 2007-2009 government organizations (NGOs), other national government agencies (NGAs), people’s organizations (POs), and other members of the civil society to effectively implement programs, projects, and services to these marginalized sectors of the society.

Child and youth welfare programs of the government are specifically led by the Bureau of Child and Youth Welfare (BCYW) which cares for the abandoned, neglected, disturbed, and the exploited and abused youth. Among the services accorded the disadvantaged youth offenders, child prostitutes, and street children are the following:

Introduction • Psychosocial recovery and social reintegration of sexually abused and All government agencies and exploited children - reintegration of child victims to the family and the community non-government organizations (NGOs) are mandated to spearhead programs, • The Child Help Intervention and projects, and services for the welfare of Protective Services (CHIPS) offer crisis the more-often-neglected sectors of intervention and therapy; its services society. can be accessed in all 17 regions via hotlines provided and also through the On the forefront of these Bantay Bata program. agencies and organizations is an Inter- Agency Committee chaired by the • Assistance to disadvantaged Department of Social Welfare and children of mixed parentage in the form Development (DSWD) tasked to oversee of skills training, livelihood assistance, the foregoing thrusts that seek to psychological interventions, and promote the rights and full participation assistance relative to their citizenship. of these neglected sectors. Department arrangements enable a number of disadvantaged transnational The DSWD is mandated to children like Amerasians to locate provide social protection, assistance, and foreigner parents, or at best, to reunite augmentation needs to disadvantaged children with their parents abroad. This individuals, families, groups, and service facilitates children’s reintegration communities. It is also incumbent on the into the community. 55 56 JOURNAL OF PHILIPPINE STATISTICS

• Community-based rehabilitation Foster care is the provision of for children in conflict with the law affords planned substitute parental care for a diverse options to prevent juvenile child by a licensed foster family when his offenders from breaking the law or her biological parents cannot care for him for a certain period of time. • Sulong Dunong sa Kabataan assists youths to finish high school or Legal guardianship is a socio- head into technical or vocational legal process of providing substitute livelihood training parental care through the appointment of a legal guardian of the child and his • Local and intercountry adoption property until child reaches the age of and alternative family care services majority. nurture abandoned and neglected children by placing them in the care of Protective Custody. This is a foster parents. With adoption, abandoned service provided to children whose and unregistered children earn the right parents are unable to provide the to the family name and nationality of required protection and whose conditions foster parents demonstrate observable evidence of injurious effects of the failure to meet the • Devolved services for children children’s basic needs. Immediate and youths look after preschoolers in day intervention is provided to a child who is care centers and provide them abandoned, neglected, physically or supplemental feeding. They also service sexually abused or exploited, to prevent street children and delinquent youths further abuse and exploitation, and to with medical attention, livelihood assist the child and family to overcome opportunities, and counseling services the trauma of such experiences.

• Retained Community-Based Other than these programs for the Program youth and children, the DSWD also provides support to the disadvantaged Child Care and Placement and marginalized women sector of the Services. These services provide society. alternative parental care to abandoned, neglected, and abused children, thus, Services for women-in-especially restoring their right to a family, name, difficult-circumstances (WEDC) were and nationality. Particular interventions launched in response to the emerging employed under these services include needs of women in this sector. This is to local adoption, intercountry adoption, empower them to avoid high-risk, violent, temporary parental care through foster and dangerous incidents as well as to care, and legal guardianship. equip and prepare them physically and emotionally as they return to their Adoption is a socio-legal process families. which enables a child, who cannot be reared by his biological or natural Marginalized families, on the parents, to acquire a legal status wherein other hand, become beneficiaries under he can benefit from new relationship with the following services by program or a permanent family. Local adoption is project: adoption within the country. Intercountry adoption is adoption outside the country. • Locally-Funded Project

SOCIAL WELFARE AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT 57

Comprehensive and Integrated • Specially-built and -designed Delivery of Social Services (CIDSS) is a comfort rooms propoor program which seeks to • Ramps empower targeted families and communities to enable them to meet their • Improved architectural minimum basic needs (MBNs), improve designs of government their quality of living, and contribute to buildings to facilitate access reduction in poverty. of OPs and PWDs

• Nonformal education Services for Women in Especially –Difficult–Circumstances (WEDC) were • Livelihood launched in response to the emerging • Vocational skills training for needs of women in this sector. This is to employment purposes empower them in avoiding high-risk, violent, and dangerous incidents. These • Care-giving training for family members services are designed to help them cope with what they have gone through, in • Counseling, professional order for them to be ready physically and guidance and family therapy emotionally, to return to their families. • Specialized skills training

Enabling acts were issued to • for professionals and service raise the level of awareness of the providers general public and policymakers on • Protection and safety ageing, on the needs of persons with program. disabilities (PWDs), and on the prevention of discrimination and abuse of Under the social mobilization older persons (OPs). All government (SOCMOB) project of PWDs, senior agencies and nongovernment citizens (SCs) and their families, SCs are organizations (NGOs) are mandated to being trained and mobilized to render spearhead programs, projects, and volunteer work on counseling services, services for their welfare, thus bringing sociocultural and environmental these more-often-neglected sectors into concerns, spiritual life enrichment, and the mainstream of society. other community services.

On the forefront of these agencies and organizations is an Inter- Analysis of Table Agency Committee chaired by the Department of Social Welfare and Number of serving facilities remains Development (DSWD) tasked to oversee stable the foregoing thrusts that seek to promote the rights, full participation, The number of institutions, and equality for OPs and PWDs. facilities, and other units of social care Moreover, Batas Pambansa 344, and services remained stable, almost otherwise known as the Accessibility with a report of 69 in 2009 from 68 in Law, provides for friendly facilities for the 2008. However, with the number of OPs and PWDs such as: people needing such services growing by leaps, it is ideal that the government with • Well-lit government buildings the private sector may focus on building more similar facilities and units (Table • Readable sign boards 4.1).

58 JOURNAL OF PHILIPPINE STATISTICS

FIGURE 1 Number of Institutions/Centers/Facilities Involved in the Distribution of Social Services: 2002-2009

Child Caring Institutions Youth Center/Facilities Facilities for Disabled/Elderly Persons and Special Groups Substitute Home for Women in Especially Difficult Circumstances 35 33 32 31 31 31 30 30 30 30 25

20 Number 14 14 14 15 13 13 13 13 13 13 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 11 11 10 5

0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Year

Families served increase by more CALABARZON with 13.1 percent of the than a million total. Other big recipients were Bicol Region (10.1%), Eastern Visayas Families served in community ((8.4%), and the National Capital Region based programs in 2009 reached 2.97 (NCR, 7.4%). NCR with merely 27 million or an increase of almost 1.5 thousand recipient families in 2008 million from that of 2008. This may be became an overnight big recipient in attributed to typhoon Ondoy as it 2009 registering an increase of almost inundated Luzon and the Visayas with its 100.0 percent. The same was true with heavy rains and floods. the Cordilleras as 115 thousand of its families were served in 2009 from only Across regions, the Ilocos Region 27 thousand, an increase of more than families got the lion's share as a hefty 38 times from that of 2008. Among the 393 thousand (13.2%) were served. A big leapers were Zamboanga Peninsula, very close second was the and Caraga (Table 4.2).

FIGURE 2 Unduplicated Number of Families Served by DSWD by Region: 2008-2009

2008 450 2009 400 350

300 250 200 150

Number (in thousands) 100

50

- I

II V X III VI IX XI VII XII VIII XIII IVA IVB CAR NCR

Region ARMM

SOCIAL WELFARE AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT 59

Number of disadvantaged children hefty 12 thousand in 2008. served down by more than 20.0 percent By region, Zamboanga Peninsula got the highest with 4,449 or about 68.7 In 2009, a total of 43,898 percent of the total served. Other regions disadvantaged children (DC) were showed minimal number of youth served served by the DSWD in various regions. (Table 4.2). Compared to that of 2008, this was a decrease of 21.7 percent. Women served up by 13.9 percent

NCR topped the list with the most Those women served by the number of DC served, 10,555 or 24.1 DSWD numbered 15,441 in 2009, 13.9 percent of the total served. Caraga got percent more than that reported in 2008. the least with only 0.6 percent served Women in Davao Region (31.8%), and (Table 4.2). Western Visayas (22.5%) were the biggest recipients of welfare services Youth served down by 48.0 percent compared with those in Caraga (0.2%), and Calabarzon (0.17%) (Table 4.2) FIGURE 3 Number of Youth Served by DSWD: 2008-2009 Number of Women in Especially-

14,000 Difficult Circumstances served 12,468 increase by 3.6 percent 12,000

10,000 Number of women served by the 8,000 6,479 community- and center-based programs 6,000 in 2008, (13,564) rose to 14,040 in 2009 Number 4,000 or an increase of 3.6 percent.

2,000 By case category, those who - 2008 2009 were physically abused, maltreated, or

Year battered numbered the most at 1,235 (8.8%). However, uncategorized cases Youth served in the community which totaled 11,088 or almost 79.0 and center-based programs during the percent are worth looking into as more year 2009 were reported to be 6,479, women are becoming aware of their down by 48.0 percent compared to a rights coming out to report.

FIGURE 4 Number of Women Served by DSWD by Region: 2008-2009 6,000

2008 5,000 2009 4,000

3,000

Number 2,000

1,000 - I II V X

III VI IX XI

VII XII VIII XIII IVA IVB CAR NCR Region ARMM

60 JOURNAL OF PHILIPPINE STATISTICS

Among regions, Davao Region based programs. This resulted to an reported the most number of increase of 46.2 percent over the 5,453 beneficiaries with 4,908 or 35.0 percent served during the year 2008. of the total women served in 2009. This was followed by western Visayas with Regional tally showed NCR 3,473 (24,8%) and Northern Mindanao topping the list with 4,311 (54.1%) SCs with 1,645 (11.7%) (Table 4.3). served in 2009. The least went to the Ilocos Region with only 0.5 percent Persons with disabilities (PWDs) (Table 4.2). served down by 3.4 percent FIGURE 6 Number of Senior Citizens Served by DSWD:2008-2009 The community- and center- based programs of the DSWD served a total of 4,384 persons with disabilities 9,000 7,970 (PWDs) during the year 2009. This 8,000 7,000 reflected a decrease of 3.4 percent as 6,000 5,453 compared with those served (4,538) in 5,000 2008. 4,000 Number 3,000 FIGURE 5 Number of Persons 2,000 with Disabilities Served 1,000 by DSWD: 2008-2009 - 2008 2009

4,550 4,538 Year

4,500 Other needy adults served up by over 20.0 percent 4,450

Other needy adults served by the Number 4,400 4,384 DSWD in 2009 numbered 6,785 from 5,557 in 2008, an increase of 22.1 4,350 percent. 4,300 2008 2009 Across regions, Western Visayas

got the lion's share at 61.2 percent, Year followed by the Zamboanga Peninsula,

29.3 percent (Table 4.2). Of the total number of disabled persons served by both community- and FIGURE 7 Number of Other Needy Adults centeer-based program/services, the Served by DSWD: 2008-2009 biggest share went to NCR with 3,401 or 6,785 77.6 percent of the total PWDs served. 7,000 5,557 Other regions had smaller number of 6,000 beneficiaries as compared to that of the 5,000 NCR (Table 4.7) 4,000 3,000 Number Senior citizens served increase by 2,000 46.2 percent 1,000 - A total of 7,970 senior citizens 2008 2009 (SCs) were served in 2009 by the Year community- and center- or institution-

SOCIAL WELFARE, COMMUNITY AND DEVELOPMENT 61

TABLE 4.1 Number of Institutions/Centers/Facilities Involved in the Distribution of Social Services: 2002-2009

Type of Institutions/ 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Centers/Facilities

Total 71 71 67 66 66 68 68 69 Child Caring Institutions 32 33 31 30 30 31 31 30 Youth Center/Facilities 12 12 12 12 12 11 11 12 Facilities for Disabled/Elderly Persons and Special Groups 13 12 12 12 12 13 13 14 Substitute Home for Women in Especially Difficult Circumtances 14 14 12 12 12 13 13 13

Source: Department of Social Welfare and Development 62 JOURNAL OF PHILIPPINE STATISTICS

TABLE 4.2 Unduplicated Number of Clients Served by Region by Clientele Category and by Sex: 2008-2009

Families Children Youth Women Region 2008 2009 2008 2009 2008 2009 2008 2009

Philippines 1,459,374 2,971,982 56,092 43,898 12,468 6,479 13,564 15,441 NCR 27,087 218,878 12,732 10,555 262 45 1,619 1,205 CAR 2,989 115,041 1,334 1,044 40 - 667 247 I - Ilocos Region 186,616 393,598 1,823 2,375 182 381 204 281 II - Cagayan Valley 20,785 144,176 1,150 1,207 17 108 723 473 III - Central Luzon 18,240 170,686 5,283 4,371 99 72 788 469 IVA - Calabarzon 5,122 388,310 4,923 5,337 192 192 120 27 IVB - Mimaropa 64,260 66,976 6,834 5,496 - 217 43 156 V - Bicol Region 103,412 297,281 1,112 886 58 29 199 226 VI - Western Visayas 384,619 207,110 1,900 1,988 102 47 52 3,473 VII - Central Visayas 35,362 102,855 3,880 3,641 412 592 568 546 VIII - Eastern Visayas 198,985 248,133 896 704 70 54 218 242 IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 14,196 104,764 8,880 2,063 10,444 4,449 2,553 1,475 X - Northern Mindanao 35,965 64,635 1,619 1,511 360 38 1,273 1,645 XI - Davao Region 13,656 86,708 1,998 1,727 152 90 3,946 4,908 XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 123,214 187,201 1,374 711 23 111 502 46 XIII - Caraga 13,736 106,896 354 282 55 54 89 22 ARMM 211,130 68,734 ------

Persons with DisabilitiesSenior Citizen Other Needy Adults Region 2008 2009 2008 2009 2008 2009

Philippines 4,538 4,384 5,453 7,970 5,557 6,785 NCR 3,777 3,401 2,511 4,311 171 129 CAR 42 9 67 37 457 60 I - Ilocos Region 113 108 27 55 7 13 II - Cagayan Valley 19 21 58 67 12 27 III - Central Luzon 4 4 90 52 94 1 IVA - Calabarzon 49 61 329 537 61 - IVB - Mimaropa - 12 - 166 - 123 V - Bicol Region 50 3 868 252 38 64 VI - Western Visayas - - - - 8 4,149 VII - Central Visayas 162 548 241 991 33 - VIII - Eastern Visayas 4 4 13 34 118 119 IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 185 110 361 309 4,142 1,986 X - Northern Mindanao - - 198 266 - - XI - Davao Region 7 4 613 800 121 107 XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 116 97 33 51 248 - XIII - Caraga 10 2 44 42 47 7 ARMM ------

Source: Department of Social Welfare and Development SOCIAL WELFARE, COMMUNITY AND DEVELOPMENT 63

TABLE 4.3 Number of Women in Especially Difficult Circumtances (WEDC) Served by Case Category and by Region: 2009

Case Category Region Total Sexually Physically abused/ Illegal Involuntary Trafficking abused maltreated/battered recruitment prostitution

Philippines 14,040 237 1,235 50 66 210 NCR 475 28 13 10 25 52 CAR 241 1 49 - - - I - Ilocos Region 281 31 64 - 6 1 II - Cagayan Valley 472 13 58 7 3 11 III - Central Luzon 445 21 78 1 8 31 IVA - Calabarzon 27 4 4 - - 2 IVB - Mimaropa 156 6 26 - - - V - Bicol Region 226 11 14 - 2 - VI - Western Visayas 3,473 26 26 - - - VII - Central Visayas 546 21 185 - - 48 VIII - Eastern Visayas 242 12 100 1 - 13 IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 839 33 465 8 6 33 X - Northern Mindanao 1,645 16 91 1 16 19 XI - Davao Region 4,908 12 26 17 - - XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 42 2 35 5 - - XIII - Caraga 22 - 1 - - - ARMM ------

Case Category Region Armed Emotionally In Others¹ Uncategorized² Conflict abused detention

Philippines 5 795 30 324 11,088 NCR - - 21 100 226 CAR - 31 - 16 144 I - Ilocos Region - 41 1 47 90 II - Cagayan Valley - 106 - 1 273 III - Central Luzon - 59 1 16 230 IVA - Calabarzon -4-94 IVB - Mimaropa - - - - 124 V - Bicol Region - 95 - 1 103 VI - Western Visayas - 3 - 2 3,416 VII - Central Visayas - 103 - 19 170 VIII - Eastern Visayas 2--1599 IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 3 153 - 61 77 X - Northern Mindanao - 2 - 14 1,486 XI - Davao Region - 198 7 23 4,625 XII - SOCCSKSARGEN ----- XIII - Caraga ----21 ARMM -----

¹ Includes strandees, abandoned, emotionally distressed, unwed mothers, sexually-exploited, voluntary committed/surrendered, neglected, etc. ² WEDC clients provided crisis intervention services but whose cases were not categorized. Source: Department of Social Welfare and Development

Section V – EDUCATIO N AND CULTURE

Education Indicators (DepEd) is the agency mandated to watch over the pre-school, primary, and Academic Years secondary educational system of the 2006-2009 country while the Commission on Higher Education (CHED) takes over the tertiary level of instruction.

Analysis of Tables

Enrolment in tertiary education increases by 1.9 percent

For the academic year (AY) 2007- 2008, higher education institutions in the Philippines observed a growth in enrolment of 1.9 percent, from 2.60 million enrollees in AY 2006-2007 to 2.65 million in AY 2007-2008.

Introduction Enrollees flock to business administration and related courses There has always been an evident link between poverty and FIGURE 1 Top Five Discipline Groups illiteracy. Many people are denied by Number of Enrolees access to basic education, life skills, and Academic Year 2007-2008 livelihood training opportunities because Information of the high cost of education, the need technology related discipline for children to work to help augment their 13% Business administration family’s economic survival, and the lack and related of available schools in their communities, Engineering 29% and technology and so many Filipinos are denied access 15% to their full potential. For this reason the state continues to address the situation by enhancing the accommodation of education at all levels. Aimed at directly improving the quality of teaching Education and Medical and and learning, the government helped in teacher training allied the provision of crucial learning 17% 26% resources in FY 2009. These include school sites, classrooms, textbooks; teachers, principals, computers, training About 23 out of 100 Filipino and development, employment college students were enrolled in generation, water and sanitation facilities, business administration and related and school-based management grants. courses. Similarly, almost 21 in every 100 Filipino college students ventured The Department oof Education into medical and allied courses.

67 68 JOURNAL OF PHILIPPINE STATISTICS

Education and teacher attracted 14 in the previous year’s level of 1,463 every 100 Filipino college students while students (Table 5.2). engineering and technology with 311,437 enrollees (11.9%). Licensure Examinations On the other hand, home 2008 economics had the least number of enrollees at 0.2 percent. The Professional Regulation Commission (PRC) is the government Compared with the previous AY, agency that manages licensure and business administration and related monitors various professional practices in courses which topped the list of tertiary the country. The PRC oversees state- enrolment exhibited an increase (7.0%) given licensure examinations for all from that of AY 2006-2007. On the other professions except law, which subsumes hand, enrolment in medical and allied under the Supreme Court. courses went down by 10.2 percent from 609,659 to 547,595. In contrast, an 11.8 The PRC has 42 professional percent increase was noted in the regulatory boards and one specialty number of enrollees in education and board. These boards exercise teacher training. Engineering and administrative, quasi-legislative, and technology enrollees posted a decrease quasi-judicial powers over their of 1.3 percent from 315,412 the previous respective professions. Their functions AY to 311,437 later (Table 5.1). involve the preparation of licensure examinations, determination of course Number of foreign students down by requirements, inspection of schools, and 6.9 percent the enforcement of a Code of Ethics for the practice of their respective FIGURE 2 Number of Foreign Students professions. AYs 2000-2001 to 2006-2007

6,000 Degree holders are required to take state-given examinations to receive 5,000 appropriate licensure. Come the time

4,000 that these registered professionals must renew their licenses, government 3,000 requires from them proof of actual Number 2,000 practice and of continuing education.

1,000 Graduates in different fields of

0 study who passed the state-given examinations and who are, therefore, holders of valid licenses or certifications to practice, acquire the status of 2000-2001 2001-2002 2002-2003 2003-2004 2004-2005 2005-2006 2006-2007 Academic Year registered professionals.

The number of foreign students The Supreme Court of the who were issued permits to study in the Philippines, on the other hand, Philippines for AY 2006-2007 reached administers the bar, the examination 1,362. This was 6.9 percent lower than given to law graduates.

EDUCATION AND CULTURE 69

Analysis of Tables 6,375 examinees recorded in 2008. The passing rate for 2009 improved to 24.6 Passers in licensure examinations up percent from the previous year’s rate of by 15.8 percent 20.5 percent (Table 5.4).

National performance in licensure FIGURE 3 Number of Successful Bar Examinees: 2008 and 2009 examinations presented by PRC shows that out of 390,378 examinees in 2008, 150,971 passed or 38.7 percent. The 7,000 6,375 5,903 number of successful examinees in 2008 6,000 was 15.8 percent higher than the 2009 5,000 130,395 passers out of 341,240 2008 examinees (38.2%) recorded in 2007 4,000

(Table 5.3). Number 3,000

2,000 1,454 Nursing has the most number of 1,310 board-takers 1,000

0 Professions with the largest Examinees Passers number of board-takers in 2008 were nursing (153,107 or 39.2% of the total), teaching in elementary (76,854 or Promotion of Arts and 19.7%), and teaching in secondary (67,961 or 17.4%). Naval architecture Culture and marine engineering, on the other hand, had the least board-takers with 16 The NCAA is the overall (0.04%) (Table 5.3). policymaking, coordinating, and grants giving agency of the country for the Optometry (6-year curriculum) tops preservation, development, and licensure passers with 73.6 percent promotion of Philippine arts and culture. passing rate The year 2009 marks the Of the 98 board examinees, quadricentennial anniversary of the Optometry 6 year’s curriculum topped all founding of Baler, the capital town of other professions with 66 passers or 73.6 Aurora in southeastern Luzon. In view of percent passing rate. Guidance and this, President Gloria Macapagal- Arroyo Counselors came in second with 140 issued Proclamation 1696, declaring board examinees, out of which 84 2009 the year of Baler, with the National passed or 72.2 percent passing rate. Commission on Culture and Arts Meanwhile, of the 4,406 board (NCCA), as the leading agency in charge examinees, physicians were on third spot of the program of activities to with 2,565 passers or 68.9 percent commemorate the occasion. passing rate (Table 5.3). The Proclamation asks for the Bar passing rate formation of “a National Organizing Committee, to be headed by the Out of 5,903 bar examinees in Executive Director of NCCA as the lead 2009, the Supreme Court of the agency in the planning, coordination, and Philippines reported 1,454 passing implementation of the program of barristers. This was 10.9 percent more activities and events in commemoration than the 1,310 passing barristers out of of the quadricentennial foundation of the 70 JOURNAL OF PHILIPPINE STATISTICS

town of Baler”. The committee shall be composed of the NCCA as lead agency; Department of Education, Department of Trade and Industry, Department of Agriculture, and Department of Tourism as members; and representative of the Lone District of Aurora, its provincial governor and Baler town mayor as ex- officio members.

Moreover, “the branches of government are enjoined to actively participate in the celebration of • The historical “Baler Church”. quadricentennial foundation of the town of Baler . . . as well as to enlist the restored to the Franciscans. participation of private sector groups and non-government organizations, so that On December 27, 1735, a tidal the commemoration of its 400th wave destroyed the old Baler poblacion, anniversary will truly demonstrate the causing the transfer of the town to its spirit of patriotism, unity, and national present site on the southern tip of the identity of the Filipino people”. Baler Cove and close to the mouth of the Baler River. It was regularly attacked by “There is a necessity to recognize Moro pirates during the 18th and 19th the role of Baler in Philippine history and centuries. One major attack occurred in national development and to mark this April 1798, wherein 450 residents, along momentous year with fitting with its parish priest, were captured. commemorative activities promoting the diverse manifestation of Baler’s wealth of Baler became the capital of the heritage, habitat, history, language, district of El Principe, when the latter was artistic expressions and creative industry carved out of the province of Nueva Ecija related to collaborative programs with by virtue of a decree issued by Governor Hispanic heritage-linked countries,” the General Manuel Crespo y Cebrian in Proclamation said. 1856.

A branch of the revolutionary 2009 is Year of Baler society Katipunan was established in the sitio of Dikaloyungan in the barrio of Historical Background Zabali on September 10, 1897. The revolution broke out in Baler when the The year 2009 marks the 400th Katipuneros attacked the plaza on anniversary foundation of the town of October 5, 1897, killing the Spanish Baler. A pre-Spanish settlement, Baler commander and six other Spaniards. was founded as a mission by Franciscan Sporadic fighting between the Filipinos missionaries headed by Fr. Bias and the colonial forces continued until Palomino, OFM. Its first church, made of December when the Pact of Biak-na-bato nipa and bamboo, was erected in 1611. was signed. Pursuant to the provisions Fr. Juan Francisco de San Antonio, of the pact, the 400-man Spanish OFM, was its first parish priest. garrison at Baler was cut down to 50 Parochial supervision was transferred to troops in February 1898. the Order of the Augustinian Recollects from 1658 until 1703 when it was The Siege of Baler began on

EDUCATION AND CULTURE 71

June 27, 1898, when the Spanish troops, sub-province of Aurora when the latter led by Captain Enrique de las Morenas, was created on June 14, 1951. It was moved into the church of Baler and retained as capital when Aurora was defied the Filipinos’ order for them to converted into a province on November surrender on June 28. The Spaniards 21, 1978, by virtue of Batas Pambansa who retreated to the Baler church fortified No. 7, which was approved in a plebiscite themselves and stored flour, 70 cavans held in the province on May 20, 1979. of palay, chick peas, sardines, olive oil, The province was inaugurated on August wine, coffee, sugar, bacon, beans, and 19, 1979. corned beef. The supplies lasted up to six months. Within two months, the Baler is the birthplace of Manuel troops were ravaged by scurvy and L. Quezon, first President of the dysentery. Captain Morenas died from Philippine Commonwealth. the disease. Lt. Saturnino Martin Cerezo, with his iron will and strict NCCA Activities discipline, took command. Several demands were posed for the surrender of In celebration of the 400 years of the garrison. The Filipino commander Baler’s presence and its meaningful sent newspapers to the garrison contribution to Philippine history, the reporting that the Spanish government in team-up of the Office of Senator Edgardo Manila had surrendered to the Americans Angara and the NCCA spearheaded by on August 13. The Spaniards refused to Chairman Vilma Labrador and Executive believe the reports. In May, Lt. Col. Director Cecile Guidote-Alvarez Cristobal Aguilar appeared in the church alongside various government agencies with an order for the garrison to mapped Baler 400, an array of activities surrender, saying that Spain had lost the that promote the heritage, art, and war to the United States. Lt. Martin habitat of Baler. thought it was a trick. Lt. Col. Aguilar, however, left a newspaper on purpose, For the celebration, the NCCA through which Lt. Martin realized that the has planned numerous activities ranging war had really ended. Lt. Martin had from visual arts, chorale, theater, dance originally planned to abandon the church and cinema. Technical and vocational in May, since defending it was becoming skills as well as arts workshops are being more difficult, especially with dwindling made available to the people of Baler all supplies. The siege ended with the year round through the Kalahi cultural Spaniards’ surrender on June 2, 1899. caregiving services. More activities were On June 30, 1899, Gen. Emilio lined up for the celebration, with partner Aguinaldo issued a decree stating that agencies including the International Baler’s defenders shall be considered Theater Institute, Earth Savers Dreams and treated “not as prisoners but as Academy and Arts Association of the friends”. Thus the Philippine-Spanish Philippines. Friendship Day, through Republic Act No. 9187, is being celebrated on June 30 In April 2009, “Baler: A State of every year, highlighting the friendship Mind,” an exhibit featuring the works of and reconciliation forged between the artists and photographers of Aurora was Philippines and Spain. That historical launched at the NCCA gallery and roved event is the subject of the movie Baler, the Malacanang Museum. The month of which won Best Picture in the 2009 May, which celebrated Heritage Month Metro Manila Film Festival. and Month of the Ocean saw the success of the triangulated events inspired by the Baler became the capital of the air, mountain, and sea of Baler. The 72 JOURNAL OF PHILIPPINE STATISTICS

activities included the “Gallery of the Sea,” a painted sails exhibit and collaborative installation bird watching, and mountain hiking held in cooperation with the Office of the Presidential Adviser on Climate Change led by Secretary Heherson Alvarez. The cuisine of Baler was held at Circles of Makati Shangri-la Hotel from May 6 to 13.

An eco-arts workshop sowing consciousness of the negative effects of climate change was also held with artists from the Art Association of the Philippines coordinated by Fidel Sarmiento and Egai Fernandez while University of the Philippines Singing Ambassadors Ed Manguiat conducted a chorale workshop with a church choir undertaken by Eugene Delos Santos of the University of Santo Tomas Liturgikon Choir.

The Baler 400 web site was launched on April 14. A playwriting competition for radio and film was set from March to December. A sabutan fashion show took place in June. The zarzuela Baler sa Puso Ko was mounted on August 19. The Tabak at Sampaguita series on DZRH was aired in August. Wow Philippines featured Baler in Clamshell Tent in the third quarter of 2009.

The “Gabi ng Musikang Pilipino” transpired on August 18 and 19. A clean up and “Green the World” was applied in Baler on September while the “Balagtasan Para sa Paglinis at Paglunti ng Baler in August. A UN Stand Up and Take Action Against Poverty Campaign was set in October while the Baler Arts Academy in December from modules of cultural caregiving workshops in all artistic disciplines. The Philippine- Spanish Friendship Day and the Baler town fiesta were celebrated with more intensity.

Source: Agung, May-July 2008, May 2009, June- July 2009 issues and NCCA Baler 2009

72 JOURNAL OF PHILIPPINE STATISTICS

TABLE 5.1 Enrolment in Higher Education by Discipline Group Academic Years 2005-2006 and 2006-2007

Academic Year Academic Year Discipline Group 2006-2007 2005-2006

Total 2,604,449 2,483,645

Agricultural, forestry, fisheries, and veterinary medicine 59,397 63,596 Architectural and town planning 19,015 19,800 Business administration and related courses 572,174 535,332 Education and teacher training 331,416 356,546 Engineering and technology 315,412 326,753 Fine and applied arts 12,216 11,324 General 20,698 23,374 Home economics 5,568 5,668 Humanities 26,558 23,873 Law and jurisprudence 16,977 18,796 Mass communication and documentation 30,020 27,412 Mathematics and computer science 266,214 250,560 Medical and allied 609,659 549,743 Natural science 23,149 23,457 Religion and theology 8,568 9,013 Services trades 19,740 13,549 Social and behavioral science 67,452 62,264 Trade, craft and industrial 9,891 - Other discilpines 190,325 162,585

Source: Commission on Higher Education

TABLE 5.2 Number of Foreign Students: Academic Years 1995-1996 to 2005-2006

Academic Year Number of Foreign Students

1995-1996 5,284 1996-1997 4,864 1997-1998 4,419 1998-1999 3,516 1999-2000 2,602 2000-2001 2,323 2001-2002 2,836 2002-2003 4,760 2003-2004 2,161 2004-2005 4,836 2005-2006 1,463

Source: Commission on Higher Education EDUCATION AND CULTURE 73

TABLE 5.3 Number of Schools and Examinees Who Took and Passed the Board Examination by Sex and by Profession: 2006 and 2007

Passers Profession School Examinees 2007 2007 2006 2007 2006 Total Male Female

Total 341,240 278,233 130,395 44,377 86,018

Aeronautical engineering 7 7 92 106 36 33 3 Accountancy 382 396 10,867 11,815 3,705 1,340 2,365 Agricultural engineering 44 43 462 405 205 121 84 Agriculture 157 174 1,763 1,905 600 313 287 Architecture 65 64 1,875 2,132 837 577 260 Chemical engineering 39 38 875 934 438 193 245 Chemistry 42 43 460 503 234 106 128 Civil engineering 212 196 6,016 7,667 2,256 1,635 621 Criminology 291 259 13,901 11,426 4,463 3,690 773 Customs broker 54 56 1,205 1,268 227 132 95 Dentistry 35 33 1,681 2,339 581 141 440 Electronics and communication engineering 197 184 6,716 6,912 2,146 1,582 564 Environmental planning 22 23 36 42 19 9 10 Fisheries technology 35 35 158 139 48 28 20 Forestry 54 49 504 500 199 116 83 Geodetic engineering 37 33 423 414 170 122 48 Geology 4 4 50 47 37 18 19 Interior design 21 19 214 183 110 17 93 Landscape architecture 3 2 25 25 16 12 4 Library science 130 105 868 825 278 57 221 Marine deck-OIC navigational watch 107 103 5,460 4,574 2,479 2,472 7 Marine deck-OIC watch keeping engineering 118 112 2,514 2,336 1,321 1,317 4 Mechanical engineering 156 153 3,204 3,451 1,658 1,562 96 Medical technology 78 82 2,547 3,237 1,311 390 921 Medicine 51 52 4,889 4,724 2,930 1,015 1,915 Metallurgical engineering 3 3 23 57 13 7 6 Midwifery 288 247 6,579 4,947 3,498 456 3,042 Mining engineering 5 4 31 16 20 16 4 Naval architecture and marine engineering 2 4 14 22 5 5 0 Nursing 584 379 131,489 80,448 60,199 16,701 43,498 Nutrition-dietetics 43 42 567 492 320 36 284 Occupational theraphy 19 22 179 272 77 21 56 Optometry-4 years 15 10 178 175 108 20 88 Optometry-6 years 9 10 87 106 60 10 50 Pharmacy 44 43 2,230 2,391 1,241 210 1,031 Physical theraphy 102 107 1,989 2,485 800 269 531 Radiologic technology 47 43 934 530 364 189 175 Registered electrical engineering 177 158 3,741 3,858 1,386 1,217 169

Continued 74 JOURNAL OF PHILIPPINE STATISTICS

TABLE 5.3 -- Continued

Passers Profession School Examinees 2007 2007 2006 2007 2006 Total Male Female

Sanitary engineering 12 13 91 131 35 21 14 Social Work 68 65 1,053 1,107 504 67 437 Teachers-elementary 1,159 1,068 66,706 59,355 18,376 3,123 15,253 Teachers-secondary 1,393 1,327 57,722 53,260 16,811 4,858 11,953 Veterinary medicine 21 22 637 565 225 123 102 X-Ray technology 40 27 185 107 49 30 19

Passers Overall Passing Rate 2006 Total Male Female 2007 2006

Total 105,311 36,303 69,008 38.2 37.8

Aeronautical engineering 30 28 2 39.1 28.3 Accountancy 2,850 1,011 1,839 34.1 24.1 Agricultural engineering 182 111 71 44.4 44.9 Agriculture 570 290 280 34.0 29.9 Architecture 911 632 279 44.6 42.7 Chemical engineering 492 195 297 50.1 52.7 Chemistry 245 98 147 50.9 48.7 Civil engineering 3,135 2,337 798 37.5 40.9 Criminology 3,568 2,975 593 32.1 31.2 Customs broker 213 129 84 18.8 16.8 Dentistry 772 185 587 34.6 33.0 Electronics and communication engineering 2,438 1,780 658 32.0 35.3 Environmental planning 23 14 9 52.8 54.8 Fisheries technology 51 26 25 30.4 36.7 Forestry 203 116 87 39.5 40.6 Geodetic engineering 148 100 48 40.2 35.7 Geology 35 21 14 74.0 74.5 Interior design 57 7 50 51.4 31.1 Landscape architecture 14 5 9 64.0 56.0 Library science 303 51 252 32.0 36.7 Marine deck-OIC watch navigational watch 2,202 2,184 18 45.4 48.1 Marine deck-OIC watch keeping engineering 1,148 1,143 5 52.5 49.1 Mechanical engineering 1,650 1,537 113 51.7 47.8 Medical technology 1,507 419 1,088 51.5 46.6 Medicine 2,592 945 1,647 59.9 54.9 Metallurgical engineering 29 18 11 56.5 50.9 Midwifery 2,666 374 2,292 53.2 53.9 Mining engineering 10 8 2 64.5 62.5 Naval architecture and marine engineering 10 6 4 35.7 45.5

Continued EDUCATION AND CULTURE 75

TABLE 5.3 -- Concluded

Passers Overall Passing Rate Profession 2006 Total Male Female 2007 2006

Nursing 37,030 9,535 27,495 45.8 46.0 Nutrition-dietetics 257 20 237 56.4 52.2 Occupational therapy 120 32 88 43.0 44.1 Optometry-4 years 115 26 89 60.7 65.7 Optometry-6 years 71 14 57 69.0 67.0 Pharmacy 1,235 197 1,038 55.7 51.7 Physical therapy 992 337 655 40.2 39.9 Radiologic technology 211 103 108 39.0 39.8 Registered electrical engineering 1,691 1,509 182 37.0 43.8 Sanitary engineering 46 31 15 38.5 35.1 Social work 580 86 494 47.9 52.4 Teachers-elementary 17,377 2,692 14,685 27.5 29.3 Teachers-secondary 17,290 4,864 12,426 29.1 32.5 Veterinary medicine 214 95 119 35.3 37.9 X-Ray technology 28 17 11 26.5 26.2

Source: Professional Regulation Commission

TABLE 5.4 Number of Examinees Who Took and Passed the Bar Examination 2007 and 2008

Year Number of Examinees Number of Passers Percent Passing

2008 6,375 1,310 20.5 2007 5,626 1,289 22.9

Source: Supreme Court of the Philippines Section VI – HEALTH, NUTRITION AND VITAL STATISTICS

Health and Vital Indicators government service and be fielded in rural, hard-to-reach, and economically 2006-2007 underdeveloped-areas.

On the other hand, the production of vital statistics comprises a system of operations in which the registration of vital events is an important component. The system begins with the registration followed by the processing and controlling of vital records and ends with the compilation and analysis of vital statistics.

Under Commonwealth Act (CA) 591, the Bureau of Census, now the National Statistics Office (NSO) is mandated to generate general purpose statistics and to carry out and administer the Civil Registration Act.

Introduction Definition of Terms

The Department of Health (DOH) Health may refer to the is the principal health agency in the soundness and general well-being of Philippines. It is responsible for ensuring body and mind. Securing good health for access to basic public health services to people is one way of ensuring welfare all Filipinos through the provision of and development for the country as a quality health care and regulation of whole. It is, therefore, imperative upon providers of health goods and services. the government to make provisions and invest in health welfare activities. Given the mandate, DOH is both a stakeholder in the health sector and a Vital statistics, on the other policy and regulatory body for health. As hand, are derived from information a major player, DOH is a technical obtained at the time when the resource, a catalyst for health policy and occurrences of vital events and their a political sponsor and advocate for characteristics are inscribed in a civil health issues. register.

Furthermore, the DOH has an on- Vital acts and events are the going program that recruits physicians births, deaths, fetal deaths, marriages, and other health practitioners to join and all such events that have something

76 HEALTH, NUTRITION AND VITAL STATISTICS 77

to do with an individual’s entrance and (ARMM), of which only 8 (0.4%) were departure from life together with the private ones and the rest, 11 (0.6%) were changes in civil status that may occur to public hospitals (Table 6.2). a person during his lifetime. Recording of these events in the civil register is known as vital or civil registration and the Barangay Health Stations resulting documents are called vital and Rural Health Units records. 2007

Number of Government The DOH, in implementing and carrying out its health advocacies and and Private Hospitals programs, needs a complement of and Bed Capacity: 2007 personnel both in the urban and rural areas down to the barangays. This is Number of hospitals down 7.3 percent supported by an augmentation of budgetary allocation. Figures from the DOH revealed a total of 1,781 hospitals all over the To ensure quality assurance of country in the 2007 period. This was 7.3 public health facilities, Sentrong Sigla percent less than the 1,921 hospitals continues to fund and upgrade services recorded in 2006. The equivalent bed and equipment in rural health units. capacity of 92,561 was 0.1 percent less than the previous year or 11.6 hospitals The Geographically Isolated and per 10,000 population. Disadvantaged Areas Project (GIDAP) which responds to the unique health There were 701 government problems of the people in rural areas hospitals (39.4%) and a complement of strengthens district health systems, 1,080 private ones (60.6%) in 2007 as upgrades local health facilities, and against 719 and 1,202, respectively in improves referral and health information 2006. systems.

Correspondingly, hospitals Analysis of Tables serving the public reported a bed capacity of 47,141 while private hospitals Number of health stations in barangay 45,420 bed capacity (Table 6.1). increases

Calabarzon reports bulk of hospitals The DOH reported a total of 16,219 barangay health stations in 2007. In 2007, Calabarzon reported the This was 28 (0.2%) more than what was most number of hospitals, 233 or 13.1 reported in 2006 (16,191). percent of the total. Of this number, 168 (9.4%) were private-run and 65 (3.6%) Comparing DOH reports from were managed by the government. On 1991 to 2006, a period of 16 years, second place was Central Luzon which augmentation on the number of barangay reported 201 (11.3%) hospitals, broken health stations was limited to only 5,508 down into 141 private and 60 as there were only 10,683 health stations government. The region with the least in the previous year as against 2006's number of hospitals, 19 (1.1%), was the 16,191. The increase, though more than Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao 51.0 percent, may be translated to about 78 JOURNAL OF PHILIPPINE STATISTICS

300 plus health stations a year. Crude birth rate posts 19.1

In 2007, there were 16,219 The crude birth rate (CBR) for barangay health stations all over the 2006 was 19.1 live births per 1,000 country, an increase of 28 (0.2%) midyear population. The figure stations from that of 2006. represents a decrease of 0.3 compared to CBR of 19.4 recorded a year earlier Calabarzon has the most number of (2005). barangay health stations FIGURE 1 Crude Birth Rate by Region Across regions, populated 2006 regions reported the bigger numbers 25 NCR such as Calabarzon with 2,156 health IVA stations (13.3%) followed closely by I III VII X Central Luzon at 1,811 (11.2%), and 20 V XI CAR II Western Visayas, 1,623 (9.2%). Philippines IX XII XIII 15 IVB VI The National Capital Region VIII (NCR) reported the least at 19 (0.2%) Rate because of the presence of more public 10 and private hospitals in the area. The Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao 5 (ARMM) came next with 397 (3.4%) ARMM stations (Table 6.3). 0

Live Births: 2006 Nine (9) out of the 17 regions in Live births decrease by 1.5 percent the country recorded CBRs higher than the national value. These were Central There were 1,663,029 live births Visayas (23.0), NCR (22.9), Calabarzon registered in 2006. The figure is lesser by (22.4), Bicol Region (21.0), Central 25,889 or 1.5 percent from the 1,688,918 Luzon (20.6), Cordillera Administrative live births reported in 2005. Daily Region (20.4), Ilocos Region (20.1), average of live births was recorded at Northern Mindanao (19.4) and Davao 4,556. Region (19.2) (Table 6.4).

Of the total live births, 864,881 or October records biggest number of 52.0 percent were males and 798,148 or live births 48 percent were females. Sex ratio for the year was 108 males per 100 females. The month of October recorded 157,155 live births in 2006. Its The top three regions in terms of percentage share (9.4%) to total live number of live births were in Luzon – births was the biggest during the year. National capital Region-250,306 (15.1%); On the extreme end, the month of Calabarzon-243,810 (14.7%) and Central February recorded the least percentage Luzon-193,674 (11.6%). The combined of births of only 6.8 (113,724). share of live births of these regions was equivalent to 41.4 percent of the total at Meanwhile, September which national level (Table 6.4). ranked only second to October in terms

HEALTH, NUTRITION AND VITAL STATISTICS 79

of number of live births (154,737 or seven births attended by health 9.3%) garnered the highest daily average professionals were under the care of of births of 5,158. It was followed by physicians (656,294 or 39.5%). October with 5,070. On the contrary, March recorded the smallest number of Next to physicians, traditional babies born daily with only 4,011 (Table birth attendants (hilots) attended to 6.5). 515,007 (31.0%) live births (Table 6.5).

FIGURE 2 Percent Distribution of Live Mothers from NCR prefer health Births by Month of Occurrence: 2006 professionals

The highest number (225,303 or 10.0 9.3 9.4 8.8 13.5%) of live births attended by health 8.6 8.5 8.7 9.0 8.2 8.4 7.8 8.0 professionals was recorded in the NCR. 8.0 7.5 6.8 In fact, nine out of ten mothers who gave 7.0 birth in the NCR were attended by 6.0 medical practitioners. 5.0 Percent 4.0 On the other hand, the Bicol 3.0 Region recorded the highest number of 2.0 live births attended by traditional birth 1.0 attendants or hilots (62,255 or 3.7%). 0.0 With its total live births of 110,985, this Jul Oct Apr Jun Jan Mar Feb Nov Aug Dec May meant that about six out of ten babies Sept from Bicol were attended by hilots (Table Month 6.6).

About seven out of ten babies are Nearly three out of ten live births are medically attended born from parents ages 25-29

FIGURE 3 Percent Distribution of Live Three out of ten babies that were Birthsby Type of Attendance: 2006 born in 2006 belonged to parents ages 25-29. There were reportedly 464,196 Nurse Others (27.9%) mothers and 443,576 fathers (or 0.8% 0.7% 26.7%) in the age group during the year.

On the other hand, 154,119 Midwife 28.0% Physician (9.3%) live births were born to mothers 39.5% under 20 years old. Teenage mothers numbered almost five times more than teenage fathers (32,067 or 1.9%). Traditional birth attendants On the contrary, the number of 31.0% babies sired by fathers (24,704) aged 50 years old and over was almost 5 times more than the number of babies born to Out of 1,663,029 live births in mothers (508) on the same age group. 2006, 1,134,379 or 68.2 percent were medically attended either by physicians, The median age for fathers was nurses or midwives. And four out of the 31.0 years while for mothers, it was 27.3 80 JOURNAL OF PHILIPPINE STATISTICS

years (Table 6.7). In 2006, out of the 492,666 reported total marriages, 83,796 or 17.0 FIGURE 4 Percent Distribution percent were teenage marriages. of Live Births by Age Group of Teenagers refer to persons under 20 Father and Mother: 2006 years old.

50 and over Of the total teenage marriages, 68,446 were females (brides). Said 45-49 Father number was more than four times the Mother 40-44 number of males (grooms) of only

35-39 15,350. Age 30-34 The estimated sex ratio for

25-29 teenage marriages was 22.4 grooms per

100 brides. 20-24

Under 20 Among age groups, young ladies

-40.040.0 -20.020.0 0.0 20.0 40.0 ranked third among those with the

Percent highest share to the total number of

brides. On the contrary, young men were

second to the lowest of the total number of grooms. Teenage Marriages: 2006 Only small percentage (0.04%) of FIGURE 5 Percent Distribution teenagers remarried after being widowed of Teenage Brides by Major Island (0.02%) or divorced (0.02%). Group: 2006

For the past five years, from 2002

to 2006, the total marriages for both

Visayas teenage brides and grooms showed a 16.6% declining trend.

Luzon Mindana Likewise, teenage marriages o 62.0% contracted in Roman Catholic churches 21.4% revealed the same declining trend. On

the contrary, marriage ceremonies

celebrated in Islam and tribal rites were

FIGURE 2 Percent Distribution on upward trend. of Teenage Grooms by Major Island Group: 2006 Most teenage brides got married either in Roman Catholic ceremonies

Visayas (28,218 or 41.2%) or civil rites (27,471 or 14.8% 40.1%).

Mindana Meanwhile, more teenage o Luzon 16.7% grooms preferred to officially tie knots 68.5% with their partners in civil rites (6,588 or 42.9%) than in Roman Catholic churches (5,906 or 38.5%), about 4.4 percentage points difference (Table 6.8-6.9).

HEALTH, NUTRITION, AND VITAL STATISTICS 81

TABLE 6.1 Number of Government and Private Hospitals, and Bed Capacity 2000-2007

Bed Capacity Year Number of Hospitals Bed Cpacity per 10,000 Total Government Private Total Government Private population

2000 1,712 623 1,089 81,016 42,384 38,632 10.6 2001 1,708 640 1,068 79,444 40,202 39,242 10.2 2002 1,739 662 1,077 85,191 45,420 39,771 10.7 2003 1,719 662 1,057 84,861 45,405 39,456 10.9 2004 1,725 657 1,068 82,880 41,933 40,947 10.4 2005 1,838 702 1,136 87,136 43,739 43,397 11.0 2006 1,921 719 1,202 93,183 47,897 45,286 11.7 2007 1,781 701 1,080 92,561 47,141 45,420 11.6

Source: Department of Health TABLE 6.2 Number of Hospitals by Type and by Region: 2006 and 2007

2007 2006 Region Total Government Private Total Government Private

Philippines 1,781 701 1,080 1,921 719 1,202 NCR 183 51 132 222 56 166 CAR 56 37 19 57 38 19 I - Ilocos Region 118 40 78 123 40 83 II - Cagayan Valley 84 38 46 91 40 51 III - Central Luzon 201 60 141 201 61 140 IVA - CALABARZON 233 65 168 259 67 192 IVB - MIMAROPA 60 35 25 64 35 29 V - Bicol Region 117 50 67 123 51 72 VI - Western Visayas 85 61 24 86 62 24 VII - Central Visayas 107 60 47 110 60 50 VIII - Eastern Visayas 72 48 24 79 49 30 IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 72 31 41 75 31 44 X - Northern Mindanao 108 36 72 104 32 72 XI - Davao Region 108 19 89 138 19 119 XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 103 26 77 104 25 79 Caraga 55 33 22 57 33 24 ARMM 19 11 8 28 20 8

Source: Department of Health 82 JOURNAL OF PHILIPPINE STATISTICS

TABLE 6.3 Number of Barangay Health Stations by Region: 2006 and 2007

Year Region 2007 2006

Philippines 16,219 16,191 NCR 19 20 CAR 580 564 I - Ilocos Region 1,016 978 II - Cagayan Valley 724 939 III - Central Luzon 1,811 1,866 IVA - CALABARZON 2,156 2,112 IVB - MIMAROPA 682 686 V - Bicol Region 1,107 1,115 VI - Western Visayas 1,623 1,604 VII - Central Visayas 1,479 1,381 VIII - Eastern Visayas 835 813 IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 661 642 X - Northern Mindanao 948 949 XI - Davao Region 656 656 XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 943 911 XIII - Caraga 582 547 ARMM 397 408

Source: Department of Health HEALTH, NUTRITION, AND VITAL STATISTICS 83

TABLE 6.4 Number of Live Births and Crude Birth Rate by Sex and Sex Ratio by Usual Residence of Mother: 2006

Usual Residence Number of Live Birth Crude Birth Rate Sex of Mother Both Sexes Male Female Both Sexes Male Female Ratio

Philippines 1,663,029 864,881 798,148 19.1 19.8 18.5 108.4 NCR 250,306 130,303 120,003 22.9 24.2 21.6 108.6 CAR 31,881 16,549 15,332 20.4 20.9 20 107.9 I - Ilocos Region 96,250 50,004 46,246 20.1 20.8 19.4 108.1 II - Cagayan Valley 60,378 31,238 29,140 19.2 19.5 19 107.2 III - Central Luzon 193,674 100,806 92,868 20.6 21.4 19.9 108.5 IVA - CALABARZON 243,810 126,788 117,022 22.4 23.3 21.4 108.3 IVB - MIMAROPA 43,582 22,852 20,730 16 16.4 15.6 110.2 V - Bicol Region 110,985 57,433 53,552 21 21.3 20.7 107.2 VI - Western Visayas 114,648 60,049 54,599 16.3 17 15.7 110 VII - Central Visayas 149,048 77,430 71,618 23 23.8 22.1 108.1 VIII - Eastern Visayas 59,875 31,063 28,812 14.6 14.9 14.3 107.8 IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 51,846 26,989 24,857 16.1 16.5 15.7 108.6 X - Northern Mindanao 77,764 40,517 37,247 19.4 20 18.8 108.8 XI - Davao Region 75,561 39,249 36,312 18.5 18.8 18.1 108.1 XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 54,539 28,242 26,297 14.6 14.9 14.3 107.4 XIII - Caraga 33,162 17,272 15,890 14 14.3 13.8 108.7 ARMM 15,608 8,038 7,570 4.8 5 4.6 106.2 Foreign countries 112 59 53 111.3

Note: CBR was computed based on 2000 projected population Source: National Statistics Office TABLE 6.5 Number, Daily Average, and Daily Index of Live Births by Month of Occurrence: 2006

Month of Occurrence Number Daily Average Daily Index

Philippines 1,663,029 4556 100.0 January 143,567 4631 101.6 February 113,724 4062 89.1 March 124,350 4011 88.0 April 129,290 4310 94.6 May 140,894 4545 99.8 June 133,777 4459 97.9 July 135,743 4379 96.1 August 138,884 4480 98.3 September 154,737 5158 113.2 October 157,155 5070 111.3 November 146,732 4891 107.3 December 144,176 4651 102.1

Source: National Statistics Office 84 JOURNAL OF PHILIPPINE STATISTICS

TABLE 6.6 Number of Live Births by Attendant At Birth by Usual Residence of Mother: 2006

Attendant at birth Physician Nurse Midwife Traditional Others Not Usual Residence of Mother Total Birth Stated Attendants

Philippines 1,663,029 656,294 13,773 464,312 515,007 11,371 2,272 NCR 250,306 152,316 1,397 71,590 24,584 390 29 CAR 31,881 18,357 545 4,033 3,931 4,738 277 I - Ilocos Region 96,250 38,292 868 38,081 18,340 540 129 II - Cagayan Valley 60,378 16,782 546 17,836 23,751 1,373 90 III - Central Luzon 193,674 100,906 1,822 65,125 25,356 124 341 IVA - CALABARZON 243,810 100,005 1,974 81,645 59,250 590 346 IVB - MIMAROPA 43,582 10,263 311 7,587 25,120 273 28 V - Bicol Region 110,985 22,343 2,142 24,042 62,255 154 49 VI - Western Visayas 114,648 38,825 872 29,072 45,062 776 41 VII - Central Visayas 149,048 50,133 852 48,246 48,792 698 327 VIII - Eastern Visayas 59,875 17,486 420 10,844 30,966 131 28 IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 51,846 14,187 632 11,908 24,692 354 73 X - Northern Mindanao 77,764 23,467 365 18,438 34,878 207 409 XI - Davao Region 75,561 28,201 472 15,456 30,743 670 19 XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 54,539 12,304 325 12,629 28,940 316 25 XIII - Caraga 33,162 8,127 137 5,363 19,478 19 38 ARMM 15,608 4,218 91 2,407 8,856 17 19 Foreign countries 112 82 2 10 13 1 4

Source: National Statistics Office TABLE 6.7 Number and Percent Distribution of Live Births by Age Group of Father and Mother: 2006

Father Mother Age Group Number Percent Number Percent

Total 1,663,029 100.0 1,663,029 100.0 Under 20 32,067 1.9 154,119 9.3 20-24 287,093 17.3 463,005 27.8 25-29 443,576 26.7 464,196 27.9 30-34 357,145 21.5 315,601 19.0 35-39 239,174 14.4 189,430 11.4 40-44 123,874 7.4 65,029 3.9 45-49 49,974 3.0 7,909 0.5 50 and over 24,704 1.5 508 0.0 Not stated 105,422 6.3 3,232 0.2

Source: National Statistics Office HEALTH, NUTRITION, AND VITAL STATISTICS 85

TABLE 6.8 Number, Percent and Percent Change of Teenage Brides and Grooms 2002-2006

Total Percent Percent Change Year Bride Groom Marriages Bride Groom Bride Groom

2002 583,167 80,800 20,425 13.9 3.5 - - 2003 593,553 80,085 19,829 13.5 3.3 -0.9 -2.9 2004 582,281 77,038 18,246 13.2 3.1 -3.8 -8 2005 518,595 69,335 15,786 13.4 3 -10 -13.5 2006 492,666 68,446 15,350 13.9 3.1 -1.3 -2.8

Note: Figures are not adjusted for under-registration Source: National Statistics Office TABLE 6.9 Number and Percent of Brides and Grooms by Age Group: 2006

Father Mother Age Group Number Percent Number Percent

Total 492,666 99.9 492,666 99.8 Under 20 68,446 13.9 15,350 3.1 20-24 186,313 37.8 144,827 29.4 25-29 137,375 27.9 169,559 34.4 30-34 52,445 10.6 79,938 16.2 35-39 23,385 4.7 36,115 7.3 40-44 11,156 2.3 17,961 3.6 45-49 6,260 1.3 10,855 2.2 50 and over 7,087 1.4 17,870 3.6 Not stated 199 0.0 191 0.0

Note: Figures are not adjusted for under-registration Source: National Statistics Office 86 JOURNAL OF PHILIPPINE STATISTICS

TABLE 6.10 Number of Brides and Grooms Under 20 by Type of Ceremony and Percent Change for the Last Two Years: 2002-2006

Type of Ceremony Roman Civil 0ther Islam Tribal Year Total Catholic Rites Religious Rites Rites

Bride 2002 80,800 34,637 29,437 16,564 108 52 2003 80,085 33,065 30,824 15,827 160 159 2004 77,038 31,084 32,387 13,167 168 172 2005 69,335 28,870 27,928 12,012 289 215 2006 68,446 28,218 27,471 12,073 312 350

Percent Change 2005-2006 -1.3 -2.3 0.5 -1.6 8 62.8

Groom 2002 20,425 8,326 4,198 7,861 32 8 2003 19,829 7,769 3,930 8,037 40 19 2004 18,246 6,805 3,234 8,109 59 25 2005 15,786 6,153 2,670 6,822 98 40 2006 15,350 5,906 6,588 2,681 107 65

Percent Change 2005-2006 -2.8 -4 0.4 -3.4 9.2 62.5

Note: Figures are not adjusted for under-registration Figures may not add up to total due to “non-stated” reports. Source: National Statistics Office TABLE 6.11 Number of Brides and Grooms Under 20 Years Old by Major Island Groups: 2006

Major Island Groups Under 20 Bride Groom

Philippines 68,446 15,350

Luzon 42,407 10,511 Visayas 11,366 2,276 Mindanao 14,673 2,563

Note: Figures are not adjusted for under-registration Source: National Statistics Office Section VII – DEFENSE, CRIME AND DELINQUENCY

Crime Indicators The Revised Penal Code of 1990 classified crimes either as public or First Quarter 2009 private. Public crimes are those that directly endanger the society and its constituents such as those committed against national security, laws of the state, public order, public interest, and public morals, including drug-related offenses and those committed by public officers in the performance of their duty as civil servants. Private crimes, on the other hand, are those that afflict individuals or persons directly but endanger society on the whole, such as crimes against persons (destruction of life, parricide, murder, homicide, infanticide and abortion, and physical injuries); personal liberty and security; and crimes against property, chastity, and honor.

Introduction In measuring crime volume, a distinct classification is used. Crimes are The government agency classified into index and non-index mandated to enforce the law, to prevent categories. Index crimes are those of and control crimes, to maintain peace serious nature which occur with marked and order, and to ensure public safety frequency and regularity. Crimes against and internal security with the active persons and crimes against property support of the community is the being normally reported to police Philippine National Police (PNP). authorities exemplify index crimes. Non- index crimes, on the other hand, are The PNP's collective effort to those with no marked regularity, hence, address areas of priority, namely , the seldom find report in police files. campaigns against illegal drugs, illegal gambling, terrorism, street crimes, Analysis of Tables kidnapping, bank robberies, hi-jacking, carnapping, and those against wanted Crime volume slightly down by 2.3 persons and criminal gangs, as well as percent the accounting of firearms, and insurgency or communist terrorists find A total of 16,271 crimes were substance in the data presented in the reported in the first quarter of 2009 following discussion. against the 16,653 in the same period of

87 88 JOURNAL OF PHILIPPINE STATISTICS

2008. Volume went down by 382 percent in the fourth quarter of 2007 to incidents or by 2.3 percent. Efficiency 82.4 percent in 2008 (Table 7.2). recorded went down to 53.3 percent from 89.0 percent in the first quarter of 2008. Index crimes occur the most in NCR This was a decrement of 35.7 percentage points (Table 7.1). Index crimes were more prevalent in NCR than in other regions, as it FIGURE 1 Total Crime Volume and Efficiency Rate reported 23.3 percent in the fourth First Quarter: 2008 and 2009 quarter of 2007 to 23.6 percent share in 2008. On the other hand, the ARMM Total crime volume reported the least in both periods, 107 16,700 Efficiency rate 100.0 (1.3%) in the fourth quarter of 2008 to 90.0 107 (1.5%) in the same period in 2007. 16,600 80.0 Peace enforcers in the Cordilleras 16,500 70.0 obtained the highest crime efficiency 60.0 rating as it reported 92.1 percent in the 16,400 50.0 2008 period from 88.2 percent in 2007. 16,300 The least in regional tally was seen in 40.0 Crime volume rate Efficiency Central Visayas with a report of 71.8 16,200 30.0 percent efficiency (Table 7.2). 20.0 16,100 10.0 FIGURE 2 Index and Non-index Crimes First Quarter: 2008 and 2009 16,000 0.0 First Qtr 2009 First Qtr 2008 12,000 First Qtr 2009 NCR reports 14.7 percent of crimes 9,784 First Qtr 2008 reported 10,000 9,112

Across regions, the National 8,000 7,541 Capital Region (NCR) recorded the bulk 6,487 of crimes committed in both periods, from 6,000

4,543 (27.3%) in the 2008 period to only Number

2,385 (14.7%) in 2009. Solved crimes 4,000 reached 85.6 percent, but lower than the previous quarter's 92.6 percent by 7.0 2,000 percentage points. At the bottom was the Autonomous Region in Muslim 0 Mindanao (ARMM) with a report of 107 Index crimes Non-index crimes

(0.7%) crimes and a corresponding Type of crime efficiency of 15.9 percent (Table 7.1). Non-index crimes slows down by 1.1 Index crimes up 7.4 percent percent

Total volume of index crimes went By nomenclature, non-index up to 9,784 in the first quarter 2009 from crimes do not occur regularly, hence, 9,112 in the same period in 2008. This they number less than index crimes. A was an increase of 1.1 percent. In terms decrease of more than 1.0 percent in of efficiency, observed was an increase such crimes was observed in the period of 0.2 percentage points, from 82.0 under review. Efficiency rates moved up

DEFENSE, CRIME AND DELINQUENCY 89

to 97.8 percent from 96.9 percent (Table against property went down by more than 7.2). 6.0 percent in the 2008 period-under- review, from 3,343 in the fourth quarter of NCR, again, registered the bulk of 2007 to 3,141 in the same period of non-index crimes with 24.6 percent share 2008. More than half of these crimes of the total in that period of 2008. The were reported to be theft and the other ARMM reported the least in this robbery (47.0%). category, from only 46 in 2007 to 33 in 2008, all of fourth quarters (Table 7.2). FIGURE 4 Crime versus Property First Quarter: 2008 and 2007

Crime against persons up 2.1 percent First Qtr 2009 3,000 First Qtr 2008 FIGURE 3 Crime Against Persons 2,414 First Quarter: 2008 and 2009 2,500 2,081 2,000 1,801 First Qtr 2009 1,721 First Qtr 2008 3,500 1,500 3,113

Number 3,000 2,639 1,000 2,500 500 2,000 1,481 1,393 1,500 - crime of Type Robbery Theft 1,000 637 677 671 618 Type of crime 500

- NCR reported the biggest crime

Murder Homicide Physical Rape volume of this kind in both periods, 1,165 injury (37.1%) in 2008 and 1,239 (37.1%) In Number 2007. At the cellar was ARMM with a

crime report of 10 cases (0.3%) from 16 Crime done against persons (0.4%) (Table 7.4). increased by 2.1 percent in the period under review as most reports from the Human Rights Violation regions reflected volume increases. Reported crimes on physical injury were Cases: 2007-2008 the biggest with 2,588 incidents (49.5%). Murder was second with 28.8 percent The Commission on Human share, rape 11.2 percent, while the least Rights (CHR) is an independent body went to homicide at 10.4 percent. constituted in line with the provision of Section II, Article II of the 1987 Philippine By region, it was in the NCR Constitution which stresses the where the bulk of these crimes took government’s commitment to upholding place, 15.4 percent of the total. The human rights, and to quote “the State ARMM had the least with a report of 1.9 values the dignity of the human person percent share (Table 7.3). and guarantees full respect for human rights.” Crime against property slids 6.0 percent Pursuant to the aforementioned constitutional mandate, Executive Order Volume of crimes committed No. 163 created the CHR whose task is 90 JOURNAL OF PHILIPPINE STATISTICS

to promote the protection of, respect for, violations were reported by the CHR and the enhancement of the people’s from 886 in 2007, a decrease of inherent entitlement to human rights, 86cases or 9.7 percent. including all civil and political rights. Davao Region reports biggest To fulfill its mission, the CHR increase identified two main approaches: human rights protection and human rights Across regions, the Davao promotion. Human rights protection Region recorded the most number of involves investigation of all cases of incidence 136 (17.0%) of the total human rights violation and delivery of number of cases in 2008. This was an free legal aid and financial services to all increase of 76.7 percent from its victims, including referral of cases to the incidence of only 77 in 2007. The proper agencies. On the other hand, National Capital Region (NCR) which human rights promotion refers to the reported 138 cases in 2008 had an Commission’s function of informing and increase of 43.8 percent from its report of educating the public in terms of human 96 cases in 2007. However, the Ilocos rights values, principles, and laws. Region which reported a minimal of 15 cases (1.9%) in 2008 took an upturn of Human rights may refer to any of more than a hundred percent. the following rights: Western Visayas and Eastern Political rights - rights or just Visayas showed improved performances entitlements relative to the conduct of as they reported 78 and 56 cases, government or governance respectively or a decrement of 42.6 percent and 47.7 percent, respectively. Economic rights - rights of just entitlements relative to the production, The Cordillera Administrative distribution, and consumption of goods Region (CAR) together with and services Soccsksargen, reported the least at eight cases or 0.1 percent apiece. Social rights - rights in relation to human society, the interaction of the Central Luzon showed a much individual and the group or the welfare of improved picture as it reported 55 cases human beings as members of society in 2007 from 132 in the other year translated to a decrement of 58.3 percent Rights of children – pertain to (Table 7.5). the basic rights of children as identified by the United Nations Organization (UNO).

Analysis of Tables

Incidence of alleged human rights violations down by almost 10.0 percent

For the year 2008, a total of 800 incidence of alleged human rights

DEFENSE, CRIME, AND DELINQUENCY 91

TABLE 7.1 Total Crime Volume and Efficiency Rate by Region First Quarter: 2008 and 2009

First Quarter 2009 First Quarter 2008 Region Efficiency Efficiency Volume Solved Volume Solved Rate Rate

Philippines 16,271 8,676 53.3 16,653 14,817 89.0 NCR 2,385 2,042 85.6 4,543 4,206 92.6 CAR 229 128 55.9 682 544 79.8 I - Ilocos Region 926 263 28.4 755 690 91.4 II - Cagayan Valley 500 310 62.0 358 313 87.4 III - Central Luzon 1,990 873 43.9 1,417 1,238 87.4 IVA - CALABARZON 1,768 1,192 67.4 1,626 1,488 91.5 IVB - MIMAROPA 371 191 51.5 353 331 93.8 V - Bicol Region 655 334 51.0 484 449 92.8 VI - Western Visayas 1,122 546 48.7 636 603 94.8 VII - Central Visayas 1,627 919 56.5 2,169 1,717 79.2 VIII - Eastern Visayas 556 208 37.4 507 474 93.5 IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 854 223 26.1 451 390 86.5 X - Northern Mindanao 1,171 477 40.7 863 765 88.6 XI - Davao Region 1,342 692 51.6 1,038 927 89.3 XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 349 69 19.8 421 389 92.4 Caraga 319 192 60.2 182 162 89.0 ARMM 107 17 15.9 168 131 78.0

Source: Philippine National Police

TABLE 7.2 Index and Non-index Crimes by Region First Quarter: 2008 and 2009

Index Crimes First Quarter 2009 First Quarter 2008 Region Efficiency Efficiency Volume Solved Volume Solved Rate Rate

Philippines 9,784 4,535 46.4 9,112 7,486 82.2 NCR 1,461 1,140 78.0 2,301 2,051 89.1 CAR 158 85 53.8 472 354 75.0 I - Ilocos Region 440 110 25.0 342 278 81.3 II - Cagayan Valley 264 141 53.4 185 140 75.7 III - Central Luzon 1,035 450 43.5 564 427 75.7 IVA - CALABARZON 1,032 532 51.6 863 734 85.1 IVB - MIMAROPA 228 111 48.7 205 185 90.2 V - Bicol Region 545 233 42.8 303 270 89.1 VI - Western Visayas 694 245 35.3 404 374 92.6 VII - Central Visayas 1,026 510 49.7 1,447 999 69.0 VIII - Eastern Visayas 315 101 32.1 276 245 88.8 IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 623 140 22.5 323 263 81.4 X - Northern Mindanao 670 246 36.7 425 350 82.4 XI - Davao Region 712 252 35.4 462 355 76.8 XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 219 40 18.3 290 262 90.3 Caraga 276 189 68.5 129 109 84.5 ARMM 86 10 11.6 121 90 74.4

Continued 92 JOURNAL OF PHILIPPINE STATISTICS

Table 7.2 -- Concluded

Non-index Crimes First Quarter 2009 First Quarter 2008 Region Efficiency Efficiency Volume Solved Volume Solved Rate Rate

Philippines 6,487 4,141 63.8 7,541 7,331 97.2 NCR 924 902 97.6 2,242 2,155 96.1 CAR 71 43 60.6 210 190 90.5 I - Ilocos Region 486 153 31.5 413 412 99.8 II - Cagayan Valley 236 169 71.6 173 173 100.0 III - Central Luzon 955 423 44.3 853 811 95.1 IVA - Calabarzon 736 660 89.7 763 754 98.8 IVB - Mimaropa 143 80 55.9 148 146 98.6 V - Bicol Region 110 101 91.8 181 179 98.9 VI - Western Visayas 428 301 70.3 232 229 98.7 VII - Central Visayas 601 409 68.1 722 718 99.4 VIII - Eastern Visayas 241 107 44.4 231 229 99.1 IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 231 83 35.9 128 127 99.2 X - Northern Mindanao 501 231 46.1 438 415 94.7 XI - Davao Region 630 440 69.8 576 572 99.3 XII - Soccsksargen 130 29 22.3 131 127 96.9 XIII - Caraga 43 3 7.0 53 53 100.0 ARMM 21 7 33.3 47 41 87.2 Source: Philippine National Police TABLE 7.3 Crime Against Persons by Region: First Quarter 2008 and 2009

Crime Against Persons Region First Quarter 2009 First Quarter 2008 Total Murder Homicide Physical Rape Total Murder Homicide Physical Rape Injury Injury

Philippines 5,902 1,481 637 3,113 671 5,327 1,393 677 2,639 618 NCR 507 86 38 343 40 900 131 85 599 85 CAR 110 27 12 56 15 229 25 19 157 28 I - Ilocos Region 359 135 60 120 44 264 63 32 126 43 II - Cagayan Valley 195 53 15 117 10 139 42 33 46 18 III - Central Luzon 664 119 90 381 74 359 100 45 175 39 IVA - Calabarzon 650 178 85 317 70 545 175 113 204 53 IVB - Mimaropa 185 45 20 90 30 179 54 19 59 47 V - Bicol Region 367 83 45 175 64 234 80 28 59 67 VI - Western Visayas 460 75 50 233 102 339 73 58 142 66 VII - Central Visayas 328 83 23 202 20 675 125 57 456 37 VIII - Eastern Visayas 254 100 23 93 38 224 73 40 98 13 IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 476 103 43 280 50 256 87 39 114 16 X - Northern Mindanao 408 108 52 220 28 245 83 27 118 17 XI - Davao Region 486 103 49 282 52 324 118 33 123 50 XII - Soccsksargen 155 50 8 87 10 209 61 26 94 28 XIII - Caraga 223 83 23 97 20 101 37 14 43 7 ARMM 75 50 1 20 4 105 66 9 26 4

Source: Philippine National Police DEFENSE, CRIME, AND DELINQUENCY 93

TABLE 7.4 Crime Against Property by Region: First Quarter 2008 and 2009

First Quarter 2009 First Quarter 2008 Region Total Robbery Theft Total Robbery Theft

Philippines 3,882 1,801 2,081 4,135 1,721 2,414 NCR 954 474 480 1,401 690 711 CAR 48 20 28 243 85 158 I - Ilocos Region 81 46 35 78 23 55 II - Cagayan Valley 69 46 23 46 25 21 III - Central Luzon 371 218 153 205 122 83 IVA - CALABARZON 382 199 183 318 136 182 IVB - MIMAROPA 43 25 18 26 17 9 V - Bicol Region 178 78 100 69 41 28 VI - Western Visayas 234 77 157 415 26 389 VII - Central Visayas 698 255 443 772 302 470 VIII - Eastern Visayas 61 30 31 52 30 22 IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 147 67 80 67 48 19 X - Northern Mindanao 262 100 162 180 70 110 XI - Davao Region 226 98 128 138 65 73 XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 64 34 30 81 21 60 XIII - Caraga 53 30 23 28 11 17 ARMM 11 4 7 16 9 7

Source: Philippine National Police TABLE 7.5 Incidence of Alleged Human Rights Violations by Region: 2007-2008

Region 2007 2008

Philippines 886 800 NCR 96 138 CAR 58 I - Ilocos Region 715 II - Cagayan Valley 69 38 III - Central Luzon 55 46 IV - Southern Tagalog 71 40 V - Bicol Region 44 40 VI - Western Visayas 136 78 VII - Central Visayas 52 52 VIII - Eastern Visayas 107 56 IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 93 96 X - Northern Mindanao 18 20 XI - Davao Region 77 136 XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 38 8 XIII - Caraga 18 29 CRC Child Rights Center --

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