The Every Day Book of History and Chronology

THE EVERY DAY BOOK OF HISTORY AND CHRONOLOGY: EMBRACING THE ~unilitrsarits of ittmarahlt 'trsaus Rnh OBbtnfs, IN EVERY PERIOD AND STATE OF THE WORLD, FROM: THE CREATION TO THE PRESENT TIME. BY JOEL MUNSELL. "What hath this day done Y What hath it deserved Y" NEW YORK: D. APPLETON & CO., 846 BROADWAY. 1858. Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1858, BY JOEL MUNSELL, In the Clerk's Office of the District Court for the Northern District of New York. PREFACE. The object of this work, as will be seen, is to bring together the great events of each day of the year, in all ages, as far as their dates can be ascertained, and to arrange them chronologically. It has been necessary to observe brevity in its compilation, in order to reduce it within a proper compass. Hence notices of the most cminent men are often confined to two or three lines, while indi viduals of less note have occasionally received more attention, on account of the absence of ready reference to them in books. The dates are in accordance, it is believed, with the best author ities. Great care has been taken to make them so, and nothing has been inserted for which there was not at least some authority. Occasionally authors have been found to disagree in days, months, and evcn ycars, and it has been necessary to rec~mcile, as well as possiblc, such discrepancies. Much of this confusion arises from the change in the calendar; some authors following the old, others the new style, without informing us which they adhere to. The protestant countries did not all adopt the new style till 1777, about two ccnturies after the catholic authorities had reformed the calen dar. The Russians still use the Julian era, and are now conse quently twelve days behind the true time. With these difficulties in the way, no ordinary vigilance ensures an entire freedom from error in a work like this. The dates here, however, are made to conform to the new style as far as practicable. In some cases where different dates have been given, and it has been found im possible to determine the true one, the article has been inserted under different days with cross references. Repetitions have crept in however, which could only be discovered in preparing the index. Errors of this kind are perpetuated by a succession of authors IV. PREFACE. following a wrong date, and are exceedingly difficult to detect, or when suspected, not easilytraced to their origin. When dates have been taken from computations of time other than the Christian era, it should be understood that the corresponding day has been made to conform to our own era, and consequently perfect accuracy can not be claimed for them. It has been said that geography and chronology are the eyes of history; in aiding to promote one of these sciences, the reader will not fail to discover how great and varied is the amount of facts brought together, rendering the work of use to persons of every age and calling. A reference to the index will show more clearly the extent of the work. OCTOBER. OCTOBER 1. York assembly, held a treaty with the Six Nations at Albany, and renewed the an 2016 B. c. The call of Abraham is placed cient covenant. He gave them great pre by Eusebius upon this day, A. M. 1921. sents, and engaged them in the defence of The Cresarian era used by the Syrians, Oswego. commenced from the same Julian day, 1746. Battle of Roucoux, between the first of their month Tisri, B. c. 48. allies, who were defeated with the loss of 325. CONSTANTINE ordered that those 5,000 men and prince Tingray killed, and criminals hitherto employed by a barbari the French, whose loss was nearly equal. ous custom in the gladiator shows, should 1748. Action between the British fleet, be sent to the mines. admiral Knowles, 7 ships, and the Spanish 829. MICBAEL II (the Stammerer), em fleet, under Spinola, 6 ships and a frigate. peror of the East, died. He was of ob The latter were defeated with the loss 'of scure origin, and dragged from prison to two ships. the throne on the death of Leo. He com 1756. Battle of Lowositz, between the pelled the Christians to observe the sab king of Prussia and the Austrians under bath and other holy days of the Jewish Brann. Each army sustained a loss of law. about 2,500. 1240. Dedication of the cathedral church 1761. Schweidnitz, a strong fortress in of St. Paul's, at Loudon. Silesia taken from the Prussians by a skill 1500. JOHN ALCOCK, a distinguished ful coup-de-main of the Austrians under English prelate, died. His great learning Laudohn. The governor and about 3,000 recommended him to preferment, and he men were made prisoners. was appointed president of Wales and 1768. British troops landed at Boston chancellor of England. He founded Jesus from Halifax, and one regiment was quar college. tered at Faneuil hall. (Sept. 30. 1) 1621. By an act of the British pa'rlia 1777. ALEXANDER SUMOROKOF, founder ment, no tobacco was to be imported after of the Russian theatre, died at Moscow. this date but from Virginia and the Somer He wrote a number of plays and historical isles, and none to be planted in England. works. The merchant was to receive no more than 1778: WILLIAM BUTLER made a success eight, and the retailer ten shillings the ful expedition against the Indian towns, pound, but they who sold by the pipe and returned to Schoharie on the 16th. might make the most they could I 1795. ROBERT BAKEWELL, an eminent 1664. Articles of capitulation were English agriculturist and cattle breeder, agreed to between the English under sir died. His improvements in the breeds of Robert Carr, and the Dutch and Swedes, domestic animals were unprecedented; a on Delaware bay and river; which com single ram selling for nearly $4,000. pleted the subjection of New Netherland 1796. JAMES FORDYCE died; a popular to the British crown. and eloquent Scottish preacher, who left 1670. JAQUES DE P AULMIER, an eminent behind him several excellent moral and French physician, died. Besides some religious works. prose works he wrote poems in several 1799. JOHN WILLIAM BRUGUIERES, an European languages. eminent French botanist and mineralogist, 1684. Review of the marines at Putney died. heath, which were first established in 1800. Tr('aty of St. Ildefonso, by which England this year. Spain ceded Louisiana to France. 1684. PETER CORNElI,LE, the greatFrench 1802. Ratification of a treaty between poet, died. His dramas were eminently Bonaparte and the bey of Tripoli, effected successful, and his poems are among the by Col. Sebastiana, who the same day sublimest effusions of the French muse. concluded a treaty between the Swedes 1728. Mr. PHlLIPSE, speaker of the New and the bey, by which the Swedes en- 384 EVERY DAY BOOK. [Oct. 1. gaged to pay 150,000 piasters for the cap-r he eould not satisfactorily explain the tives, and an annuity of 8,000 more. cause of the tides. He was the first per- 1807. 1'he first steam boat sailed from son on record who was possessed of a pri New York to Albany. It was 130 feet in vate library. length, called the Clermont, and made 5 1346. The Scots under king DAVID took miles an hour. Liddel castle in Cumberland, after a siege 1831. BLACKHOOF, a chief ofthe Shawnee of six days, beheaded the governor, plun tribe of Indians, died at 'Vapaghkonnetto, dered the abbey of Lanercrost, and then aged] 14. He was at the defeats of Brad- directed his march towards Durham. dock, St. Clair, Harmer and Crawford, and 1394. RlClIARD II having made a truce probably the last survivor of the former with France, landed in Ireland with a disaster. large force; he succeeded in reducing the 1838. The law abolishing imprisonment natives to obedience, who in the absence of for debt in England went into operation. the English barons and knights, had inter- 1841. The Chinese island of Chusan re- cepted and refused the revenues. The captured by the British forces under sir country was divided, at that time, into H. Gough, with the loss of only 2 killed different kingdoms. and 24 wounded. 1410. The heroic earl of 'VARWICK was 1842. The war in Affghanistan closed by retained under covenant by prince Henry, the capture of Ghuznee and Cabul, and the at a wage of 250 marks. Whenever he withdrawal of the British troops. should be in the king's court, he was to 1847. A telescopic comet was discovered have four esquires and six yeomen with by a lady of Nantucket, Mass., in the con- him, and diet for them all; and the prince stellation Cepheus. should have a third part ofwhathe acquired 1847. A violent tornado unroofed the in battle, and the third of the thirds of steam factory in Portsmouth, N. H.; what should be taken by Richard the earl's weight not less than 70,000 pounds. It men at arms. separated into 3 sections, one falling with- 1629. PETER BERULLE, a French bishop, in 100 feet, another 200, the rafters com- distinguished for his learning and exem ing down endways and sinking 4 feet in plary piety and virtues, died at the altar the earth; the largest section weighing while performing mass. 30,000 pounds, was carried 300 feet. 1661. BARTEN HOLYDAY, an English di- 1848. JAMES BIDDLE, United States vine, died; known as the author of several commoq.ore, died at Philadelphia, aged literary and theological works.

Load more