MICHELIN SOLUTION Industrial, Ports and Intermodal Centres

2015 EDITION MICHELIN SOLUTION inDUstrial, Ports and interMoDal Centres

Content

TYRE USE 4

Technology of Michelin radial casing tyres 4 Competitor solutions 5 General information on Michelin tyres 6 Classification of Michelin tyres 7 Michelin tyre markings 8 The Tubeless Bead Seal 9

MICHELIN SOLUTIONS FOR DIFFERENT USES 10

INDUSTRIAL 13

Tyres for small and medium capacity industrial handling 14

Tyres for heavy industrial handling 15

Tyres for aircraft tow tractor 16

Tyres for luggage tractor and urban machines 17

PORTS AND INTERMODAL CENTRES 19

Tyres for trailers, terminal tractors and RORO tractors 20

Tyres for container handling equipment (reach stackers, top lift, full container handlers, etc.) 21

Tyres for Container handling equipment (Straddle carriers, shuttle carier) 23

ADVICE AND RECOMMENDATIONS 25

3 Tyre use

teChnoloGy of MiChelin raDial CasinG tyre

A tyre’s construction is the key to its performance, and outstanding tyre performance is a key competitive advantage for machines in the mechanical handling industry. Using radial tyres can make an outstanding contribution to the performance of industrial equipments.

Composition The radial design combines metal or fabric plies, extending from one bead to the other, with a belt made of several steel plies designed to reinforce the crown of the tyre.

a unique construction with numerous advantages The sidewalls and crown work independently: • Minimizing the deformation of the contact patch and the weight of the tyre • Improving adhesion and traction while slowing down the wear rate • Increasing the load capacity as the metal casing can take higher infl ation pressures The fl exibility of the sidewalls of a radial tyre provides greater comfort: - No compromise on stability - Better resistance to damage and punctures The radial casing allows the tyre performance levels that transform machine performance tyre sidewalls and crown to work independently. Michelin invented the radial design and is an expert in this fi eld. Radial tyres signifi cantly improve the productivity of machines. The radial technology offers the best compromise between the following factors: load, speed, operational effi ciency of the machines, tyre service life, operator safety, etc.

The Michelin X Radial Technology

The sidewall and tread The casing has only function separately. one radial casing ply.

The crown is stabilized by a belt made up of several plies.

The tread is unaffected by the fl exing of the sidewalls, so there is: • less deformation of the tyre contact area on the ground • less movement in contact patch • no movement between casing plies

Advantages: • longer tyre life. • better traction on all types of surfaces. • lower fuel consumption due to lower rolling resistance. • improved comfort. • increased resistance to punctures. • increased resistance to heating

4 CoMPetitor solUtions

Bias or Cross Ply Construction

The casing is made up of several The crown and sidewalls criss-crossed plies. The crown is not are formed by the same stabilized. p ly structure.

The tread is subjected to any fl exing which occurs and this causes. • deformation of the tyre contact area on the ground • movement in the contact patch. The casing plies tend to “scissor” in relation to each other.

Disadvantages: • accelerated wear • less grip • increased fuel consumption

The Solid Tyre (PSS: Pneumatic Shaped Solid)

Tread Rubber

Interior Rubber

Sidewall Protection

Base Rubber

Wire Core Reinforcement Rim

Multipiece rim (fig. 1) Retainer Bead Lock Others solutions (fig. 2)

The whole tyre is made of rubber. It is generally composed of at least three different rubber compounds. According to the type of wheel, the construction of the tyre can - Look like a pneumatic tyre, but can be fi tted to a multipiece rim ( fi g . 1 ) - Enable so that once in place, it will auto-lock automatically ( fi g . 2 ) . An extension to its base (called the ‘retainer Bead’) is positioned in the rim groove normally provided for receiving the locking ring. Removable parts of the wheel then not being provided make it more diffi cult retrofi tting other pneumatic solutions.

Disadvantages • High Rolling Resistance / infl uence on the fuel consumption • Severe thermal degradation with intensive use • low life • Special Fitting Equipment needed • Poor load and machine protection from shocks and vibrations • Poor comfort level • High purchase price

5 General inforMation on MiChelin inDUstrial tyres

Tubeless radial tyre

MICHELIN is the fi rst to offer a complete and innovatively designed range of tubeless tyres for mechanical handling.

Michelin’s tubeless radial tyre ensures: • Safety: elimination of instant defl ations following puncturing or failure of the inner tube. • Reliability: elimination of constant internal friction between the inner tube, fl ap, and tyre, causing wear to the tube. • Ease of ﬁ tting and removal: the tube and fl ap are replaced by a tubeless bead seal, an ’O’-ring, or a rubber corner joint depending on the tyre size and/or type of rim.

Antistatic properties Working conditions with a high ﬁ re or explosive risk:

Tyres for mechanical handling equipment working in high fi re risk or explosive atmospheres: chemical production, petrochemicals, etc. (in both production and storage areas) must, for reasons of safety conform to antistatic legislative requirements. These conditions are required for the tyre to be recognized ”Static Class 1“. All Michelin industrial tyres comply with these standards and are marked with the following symbol moulded into the sidewall.

Conditions of use

The range of Michelin industrial tyres has been specifi cally designed to equip industrial machines. The sizes are specifi c to these machines and their work; the loads and speeds correspond to standardised fi gures. Each time tyres need to be fi tted to mechanical handling equipment, the following rules should be followed: 1°) When the tyre size exists in the industrial tyre range, the industrial tyre must be used. 2°) When size does not exist in the industrial tyre range, it may be necessary to consult other tyre ranges (Agriculture, Truck or Earthmover), whose characteristics are compatible. In all cases contact your Michelin representative who will be able to guide you on the best solution. Technical validation will be provided by Michelin for these uses.

Better for the environment

Longer tyre life Fewer scrap types Reduced rolling resistance Lower fuel consumption Tyre with no aromatic oils ISO 14001 certiﬁ cation Tyres manufactured in our plants with ISO 14001 certifi cation, the impact on the environnement of which has decreased by over 16% since 2005.

6 Classification of Michelin tyres

The different tyre families

There are different tyre families categorised by the aspect ratio H/S: (the ratio in % between the sidewall height and the tyre width). H= standard section height - S= standard section width

100 series or standard tyre (narrow base) Low profile tyres (65 to 95 series, 5 by 5) The H/S aspect ratio is approximately equal The H/S aspect ratio is less than 1 to 1,00. (0,65 in the followed example).

H = 100 % S H = 65 % S

The section width, given in inches, is a whole number e.g.: 12.00 R 20 or the section width, given in inches, is a whole number followed by a fraction. The nominal section width is expressed as an e.g.: 8.25 R 15 measurement in millimeters followed by the aspect The aspect ratio is not indicated in the size ratio 65 to 95 (65 in the example). designation. e.g.: 355/65 R 15

The different tyre size designations

EQUIVALENT MARKINGS EXPLANATION Ø section section aspect Ø STANDARDISED TYRE SIZE RADIAL METRIC TYRE SIZE RADIAL Ø ext. load speed Ply of rim width width ratio of rim DESIGNATION MARKING DESIGNATION MARKING (inch) index symbol (inches) (inches) (mm) H/S (inches) Rating 4 4.80 - 4 4.00 - 4 4.00 4 8 4.80 - 8 4.00 - 8 4.00 8 5.70 - 8 5.00 - 8 5.00 R 8 5.00 8 111 A5 10 PR 15 x 4 - 8 125 / 75 - 8 15 x 4,5 125 / 75 8 16 PR 16 x 6 - 8 150 / 75 - 8 150/75 R 8 16 x 6 150 / 75 8 113 A5 16 PR 18 x 7 - 8 18 x 7 180 / 70 - 8 180/70 R 8 18 x 7 180 / 70 8 125 A5 16 PR 9 21 x 8 - 9 200 / 75 - 9 200/75 R 9 21 x 8 200 / 75 9 134 A5 16 PR 6.90 - 9 6.00 - 9 6.00 R 9 6.00 9 121 A5 12 PR 10 6.50 - 10 6.50 R 10 6.50 10 128 A5 14 PR 23 x 9 - 10 225 / 75 - 10 225/75 R 10 23 x 9 225 / 75 10 142 A5 20 PR 12 7.00 - 12 7.00 R 12 7.00 12 136 A5 16 PR 23 x 10 - 12 250 / 60 - 12 23 x 10 250 / 60 12 18 PR 27 x 10 - 12 250 / 75 - 12 250/75 R 12 27 x 10 250 / 75 12 152 A5 20 PR 15 7.00 - 15 7.00 R 15 7.00 15 143 A5 16 PR 7.50 - 15 7.50 R 15 7.50 15 146 A5 16 PR 28 x 9 - 15 8.15 - 15 225 / 75 - 15 225/75 R 15 28 x 9 225 / 75 15 149 A5 16 PR 8.25 - 15 8.25 R 15 8.25 15 153 A5 18 PR 250 - 15 250 / 70 - 15 250/70 R 15 250 / 70 15 153 A5 18 PR 300 - 15 315 / 70 - 15 315/70 R 15 315 / 70 15 165 A5 22 PR 355 / 65 - 15 355/65 R 15 355 / 65 15 175 A5 28 PR

7 tyre MarKinG

Position of wear indicator MICHELIN Manufacturer 450 Nominal section width in mm (S = 450 mm) 95 Tyre aspect ratio (H/S = 0,95) R Radial construction 25 Nominal diameter of rim to which tyre should be ﬁ tted (25 inches) X-STRADDLE 2 Range name Tubeless Tubeless tyre 202 Load Index (#): 15 000 kg A7 Speed Symbol (#): 35 km/h CYCLIC Cyclic use (#) Radial X Clear indication of tyre structure

“Antistatic Class 1” tyre

For special conditions use, please consult us

(#) : see explanation page 8 of the Technical data Mechanical handling.

8 tUBeless BeaD seal a MiChelin innoVation for a tUBeless systeM in the inDUstrial WorlD

The TBS is a special device allowing the fi tment of tubeless tyres as tubeless on tube-type rims. It consists of a ring of special rubber, which is placed inside the tyre, and fi ts between the tyre beads. It ensures the airtightness of the wheel and tyre assembly.

Tubeless bead seal

The choice of TBS depends on the width of the rim on which the tyre is to be fi tted. The allowed rim width(s) are indicated on each tubeless bead seal. TBS fi tted on wheels whose width is less than 6 inches have a chimney where the valve will be positioned. TBS for wheel with width greater than or equal to 6 inches have two chimneys; one central and the other offset to allow correct positioning relative to the valve sleeve. The chimney which is not used by the valve, is sealed with a plastic plug (supplied with the TBS).

Special collared valve valve plastic plug

Tubeless bead seal in place after inflation

Flat base or valve slot silhouette of TBS 5° multipiece rim before compression

9 MICHELIN solutions for the principal conditions of use

X-STRADDLE XZR XZM XZM2 X STACKER X TERMINAL-T X-STRADDLE 2

classic forklift truck ✗ ✓

High capacity forklift truck ✓ ✓ ✓

“RoRo” forklift (Roll on - Roll off) (“low” height permits access ✓ to ships holds)

High capacity forklift (container handler) ✓ ✓

Sideloader (used like a small truck with stabilisers when ✓ ✗ loading or unloading)

Fork logger (loading of logs) ✓ ✓ ✗

Reach logger (can load logs from below ground level eg from a river, ✓ ✓ canal…)

Reach stacker ✓ ✓ ✓

Key: ✓ = standard fit ✗ = for possible specific conditions of use, to consult your usual MICHELIN representative

10 +

X-STRADDLE XZR XZM XZM2 X STACKER X TERMINAL-T X-STRADDLE 2

Straddle carriers (transport machine used to handle ✓ containers)

Transtainer (similar to a straddle carrier, but heavier, and Consult us can only move in a straight line)

Terminal tractors and trailers ✗ ✓

“Roro” tractor (Roll on - Roll off) ✓ ✓

Aircraft tow tractor Consult us

Towbarless tractor Consult us

tracteur tireur “tout usage” ✓ ✗

trailler ✓ ✗

sweeper ✓

Key: ✓ = standard fit ✗ = for possible specific conditions of use, to consult your usual MICHELIN representative

11 NOTES

12 Mechanical handling

MICHELIN, a range of tubeless radial tyres for industrial handling for greater

SAFETY RELIABILITY PRODUCTIVITY

13 Tyres for small to medium capacity forklift trucks Field of Tyres Product activity sizes beneﬁ ts

150/75 R 8 113A5 XZM • For small to medium capacity 180/70 R 8 125A5 mechanical handling trucks 5.00 R 8 111A5 (< 7 tonnes) travelling short glasswork, 200/75 R 9 134A5 distances (up to 15 km in an 6.00 R 9 121A5 hour) at speeds not exceeding 35 km/h, running over aggressive and S S XZM low and standard proﬁ le 225/75 R 10 142A5 E abrasive surfaces. N T 6.50 R 10 128A5 • Very robust with excellent wear S U 250/75 R 12 152A5 resistance: B O massive tread pattern R 7.00 R 12 136A5

bottling, e very thick crown and sidewalls r 225/75 R 15 149A5 machine shops o protected by internal reinforcements M 250/70 R 15 153A5 • Driving comfort and protection 7.00 R 15 143A5 merchandise and mechanics: radial casing cushions vibrations 7.50 R 15 146A5 8.25 R 15 153A5 315/70 R 15 165A5 355/65 R 15 170A5 foundries and steelworks

o 6.00 R 9 121A5 XZR r e • For forklift truck with low

S 6.50 R 10 128A5 P commitment rates at exceptionally E E 7.00 R 12 136A5 D low cost of use • Speed : intense use at speed up transport, to 50 km/h logistic XZR • Durability and robustness : rubber platforms and tread pattern limiting abrasion wear • Comfort: reduced vibration and outstanding grip. • Reduced fuel economy and energy Tyre performance with a very low rolling resistance.

Per increasing performances

Resistance to damage Speed capacity Long service life

XZM

XZR

14 Tyres for heavy capacity forklift trucks

Field of Tyres Product activity sizes beneﬁ ts

9.00 R 20 160A5 XZM The market reference in 20, 24 and 10.00 R 20 166A5 25 inch sizes. For moving extremely 11.00 R 20 169A5 heavy loads on abrasive and freight zones 12.00 R 20 176A5 aggressive surfaces where safety is 12.00 R 24 178A5 vital. • exceptional impact resistance 14.00 R 24 193A5 Y XZM • dependable sturdiness T I L 16.00 R 25 200A5 I • high load capacity B • very long wear life O

18.00 R 25 207A5 XZM2+ 18.00 R 33 214A5 NEW PRODUCT for very strong foundries capacity machines and Its crown and construction have been steelworks entirely redesigned in order to increase productivity: XZM2+ • increase in wear life (higher volume of rubber) • improvement in rigidity (bridged tread pattern and more massive

M crown)

r • more robust crown: less down-time e

P due to punctures R O T E 18.00 R 25 207A5 C X-STACKER heavy T I Tyre specially designed for Reach O industry N Stackers and top loaders travelling in cycles over very short distances. X STACKER Its smooth tread optimises its wear potential. It is thick and massive, enabling its service life to be increased by around 60% compared with a XZM tyre. Like all our handling tyres, this tyre has the beneﬁ t of radial technology, offering Tyre performance safety, mileage and a very high level of comfort.

Per increasing performances

Resistance to damage Speed capacity Long service life Stability Comfort

XZM2+

X-STACKER

15 Tyres for aircraft tractors

Field of Tyres Product activity sizes beneﬁ ts

280/75 R 22.5 168A8 X-TERMINAL T Versatile tyre for your aircraft tractors airport 310/80 R 22.5 175A8 (mounts on drive and steer axle). Tyres particularly suitable for certain Y T uses special. I X-TERMINAL T V I T They offer an exceptional service C U life and durability, and an excellent D adhesion. O

225/75 R 15 149A5 XZM 250/70 R 15 153A5 • For aircraft tractors travelling short distances (up to 15 km in an hour) 7.00 R 15 143A5 at speeds not exceeding 35 km/h (to 7.50 R 15 146A5 12.00 R 24) or 25 km/h (for 14.00 R 8.25 R 15 153A5 24 and 16.00 R 25 tyres). XZM low and standard proﬁ le 315/70 R 15 165A5 • Very robust with excellent wear resistance: M 355/65 R 15 170A5 o - massive tread pattern r e - very thick crown and

R O 9.00 R 20 160A5 sidewalls protected by internal B U 10.00 R 20 166A5 reinforcements S T • Driving comfort and protection N 11.00 R 20 169A5 E S merchandise and mechanics: S 12.00 R 20 176A5 - radial casing cushions reduced vibrations 12.00 R 24 178A5 - excellent wear resistance 14.00 R 24 193A5 16.00 R 25 200A5 Tyre performance

Per increasing performances

Resistance to damage Long service life Load capacity Speed capacity

X-TERMINAL T These tires are designed for industrial and cyclical use. Contact your local Michelin representative XZM before mounting these tyres on airport vehicles to obtain a speciﬁ c use authorization.

16 Tyres for luggage tractor and urban machines Field of Tyres Product activity sizes beneﬁ ts

airports 6.00 R 9 121A5 XZR This is the solution for your luggages 6.50 R 10 128A5 tractors and urban machines with 7.00 R 12 136A5 an exceptionally low cost of use. Tyres with a greater capacity SPEED (50 km / h), exceptionnal robustness, a very low rolling resistance and excellent durability.

XZR intermodal centres

urban zones

17 Your productivity deserves Michelin MICHELIN ® XZM2 TM +

R.C.S. 352 321 285 – M.F.P. Michelin R.C.S. 855 200 507 Clermont-Fd - Crédits photos : Fotolia, iStock et Michelin Ports and intermodal centre

MICHELIN, a range of tubeless radial tyres for port handling for greater:

SAFETY RELIABILITY PRODUCTIVITY

19 Tyres for trailers, terminal tractors and RoRo tractors Field of Tyres Product activity sizes beneﬁ ts

280/75 R 22.5 168A8 X TERMINAL-T This is the 1st versatile solution 310/80 R 22.5 175A8 for your trailers and terminal tractors ﬁ tted on 22.5 drop centre rim. ports Tyre speciﬁ cally designed for terminal tractors:

Y The only tyre on the market in this T I X TERMINAL-T V size at the present time. I T • Its extremely resistant tread C U gives the tyre an exceptionally D O long service life (+70% and even R

P beyond in comparison with the e r most efﬁ cient Michelin commercial o

M vehicle tyre). • The tread pattern design was specially developed for this application and gives the tyre excellent grip. • A low rolling resistance • A versatile solution, a only tyre whether on the drive or steering axle.

r e 9.0 R 20 160A5 XZM

R O The market reference in B 10.00 R 20 166A5 U the 20-inch size on multi piece rims S T 11.00 R 20 169A5 • Exceptional impact resistance N E S 12.00 R 20 176A5 • Dependable sturdiness intermodal S • High load capacity centre 12.00 R 24 178A5 XZM • Very long wear life

Tyre performance

Per increasing performances

Resistance to damage Long service life Load capacity Speed capacity

X-TERMINAL T TL

XZM TL

20 Tyres for container handling machines (Reach stacker, container handlers…) Field of Tyres Product activity sizes beneﬁ ts

12.00 R 20 176A5 XZM Tyre particularly suitable for handling 12.00 R 24 178A5 vehicles travelling short distances 14.00 R 24 193A5 (between 10 and 15 km in an hour) up freight zones 16.00 R 25 200A5 to 25 kph over aggressive and abrasive surfaces. • Its massive tread and very thick crown

Y XZM and sidewalls, protected by internal T I L I reinforcements make this tyre very B robust with excellent wear resistance. O

M • Their radial casing cushions vibrations e r improving ride comfort and security o

port zones M for goods and mechanical components. XZM2+ NEW product for very strong capacity machines 18.00 R 25 207A5 Its crown and construction have been 18.00 R 33 214A5 entirely redesigned in order to increase productivity: XZM2+ • increase in wear life (higher volume of rubber) sawmills • improvement in rigidity (bridged tread pattern and more massive crown)

P • more robust crown: less down-time

l U due to punctures. s

D e 18.00 R 25 207A5 X-STACKER

P R Tyre specially designed for Reach Stackers O T and top loaders travelling in cycles over E C very short distances. T I O Its smooth tread optimises its wear N heavy potential. industry X STACKER It is thick and massive, enabling its service life to be increased by around 60% compared with a XZM tyre. Like all our handling tyres, this tyre has the beneﬁ t of radial technology, offering safety, mileage and a very high level of comfort. Tyre performance

Per increasing performances

Resistance to damage Speed capacity Long service life Stability Comfort

XZM2+

X-STACKER

21 visuel XStraddle_ph03_UK_v03.indd 1 R.C.S. 352 321 285 - 12110805 - Michelin R.C.S. 855 200 507 F +30% ofproductivity MICHELIN Introducing thenew ASTER. SAFER. ® X-STRADDLE2TYRE, 18/03/13 18:21 visuel XStraddle_ph03_UK_v03.indd 1 R.C.S. 352 321 285 - 12110805 - Michelin R.C.S. 855 200 507 F +30% ofproductivity MICHELIN Introducing thenew ASTER. SAFER. ® X-STRADDLE2TYRE, 18/03/13 18:21 Tyres for activity Field of (480/95 R25) X-STRADDLE (16.00 R25) X-STRADDLE (450/95 R25) X-STRADDLE 2 Tyre straddle carriers performances Per increasing zones port

performance

L M

O or

A e F

D L

C X

A IB

P IL

A IT

C Y

Resistance to damage T Y X-STRADDLE X-STRADDLE Speed capacity NOUVEAU X-STRADDLE 2 Long service life

Load capacity 450/95 R25202A7 480/95 R25206A5 16.00 R25200A5 Tyres sizes benefi ts Product • More tyrelifethankstoamore 1 container straddle carriers(bothtypes)carryingonly New generationtyresdevelopedtoequip X-STRADDLE 2 carrying only1container. Specific tyrestoequipstraddlecarriers X-STRADDLE • More speedcapacitythanksto • Long wearlifethankstoamassive • Unmatched loadcapacity (both types)carrying1or2containers Specific tyrestoequipstraddlecarriers X-STRADDLE • Good stabilityandchocsresistance • A bigger loadcapacitythankstoanew 16.00 R25202 A7 forthisuse. will requiredtoreplacethesize The size450/95R25202 A7 bead areaandaefficient coolingsystem. tread design resistante treadpatternandtoanew (cooling system). to thereductionofheataccumulation innovative treadpatterncompound and tread pattern 23 NOTES

24 Advice and recommendations on the use of MICHELIN

ORGANISATION COMMERCIALE industrial tyres MICHELIN GÉNIE CIVIL

Amérique du Nord Asie Amérique du Sud & Centrale Michelin Tire Corporation Michelin (China) Investment Co. Ltd. Sociedad Michelin de Participaçoes One Parkway South Dawning Center Industrial e Commercial Ltda PO Box 19001 Tower B (East Tower, 16th ﬂ oor) Avenida das Americas - Bloco 4 Greenville, SC 29602 500 Hongbaoshi Road Barra da Tijuca USA Shanghai 201103 Rio de Janeiro (RJ) CEP 22640-100 Tel: + 1 864 458 5000 RP de Chine Brésil Tel: + 86 (21) 22 19 08 88 Tel: + 55 (21) 36 21 46 46 31 9

Europe Océanie & Indonésie Afrique - Moyen-Orient - Inde PEFC/10-31-1 The following information is extractedManufacture Française Michelin Australiafrom Pty Ldt Manufacture Française the des Pneumatiques Michelin 51-57 Fennell Street des Pneumatiques Michelin 23, Place des Carmes-Déchaux Port Melbourne 23, Place des Carmes-Déchaux 63040 Clermont-Ferrand Cdx 09 (Victoria 3207) 63040 Clermont-Ferrand Cdx 09 France Australie France Use and Maintenance Guide of Michelin EarthmoverTel: + 33 4 73 32 20 00 Tel: + 61 3 86 71 10 03 Tel:Tyres. + 33 4 73 32 20 00 For more details, consult ourwww.michelinearthmover.com website www.michelinearthmover.comAmérique du Nord Europe or from your Michelin representativeAsie . Amérique du Sud & Centrale Afrique 855 200 507 RCS Clermont-Ferrand - EFCM 7355- Fr (2011-07) Ref. 869990 Crédits photos : © Michelin Istock Arc en ciel Paris 01 44 85 42 22 Moyen-Orient Océanie & Indonésie Inde GUIDE D'UTILISATION ET DE MAINTENANCE PNEUMATIQUES GÉNIE CIVIL ET DE MAINTENANCE PNEUMATIQUES GUIDE D'UTILISATION

Introduction

The tyre is the only point of contact between the machine and the ground. Users must ensure that they preserve the life and performance of their tyres. To do so, it is recommended that users adhere to the following safety instructions and usage recommendations. These recommendations are subject to more restrictive local provisions: legal, regulatory requirements, etc.

Choice of tyre

The choice of a tyre must be compliant with legislation and with equipment recommended by the vehicle or tyre manufacturer or by an offi cial organisation (size, load and speed indices, tyre structures, etc.). Moreover, it is necessary to take account of the conditions in which the tyre will be used in order to ensure its performance to meet the users expectations. The type of tread pattern depends mainly on conditions of use encountered: adherence, risk of cuts, rapid wear. The optimum performance of equipment depends largely on the choice of tyre. A tread pattern inappropriate for the work leads to a sharp reduction in the tyres life and may affect vehicle productivity.

In the event of the original vehicle equipment being modifi ed, it is advisable to make sure that the solution offered is compliant with the legislation in force, the machines technical constraints, conditions of use and the manufacturers recommendations, (Please refer to regulations in force in the local country). Therefore, in some countries, a modifi ed machine must receive administrative authorisation. Before being fi tted, any second-hand or used tyre must be subjected to careful inspection by a specialist tyre professional in order to guarantee the safety of the user and compliance with the regulations in force (Vehicle checks and maintenance).

25 Use of tyres

General Recommendations Never use the tyre beyond the limits of the technical specifications for which it has been approved on the machines. Certain excessive or abnormal geometrical settings for the machine may have an effect on the tyre’s performance. Poor use or wrong choice of tyre can also contribute to premature wearing of certain mechanical parts.

According to the obligations of the legislation, or technical or security recommendations, the two tyres on the same axle must be identical.

Dual mounting For technical and safety reasons, you must adhere to the recommendations of the manufacturer of the machine. We advise against the following mountings: ■ dual mounting of Michelin radial tyres with cross ply (bias) tyres ■ dual mounting of a tyre of normal tread depth with a deep treaded tyre ■ dual mounting of tyres of the same type which have different remaining tread depths (Some legislation sets a maximum differential.) According to legislation in force and for technical reasons, it is either mandatory or strongly advised to use two tyres of the same tread design on the same axle.

Fitting

Introduction Correct fitting, performed in accordance with recommended operating procedures and complying with the safety rules in force, ensures excellent protection for people and material, and allows the tyres’ full potential to be exploited.

Poor fitting can cause damage to the tyres, the vehicle or to people (serious, even fatal injuries).

It is therefore essential that these operations are carried out by people who have been trained and who have the appropriate equipment available, and in accordance with the procedure. We strongly recommend that tyre fitting is undertaken by a trained tyre professional.

Tubeless industrial tyres can be fitted: ■ In tubeless with a tubeless bead seal on all wheels which are mounted on the corresponding tube type size ■ In tube type with an appropriate flap and inner tube.

In all cases, it is essential to refer to the technical instructions of the tyre manufacturer, vehicle manufacturer and wheel manufacturer, as well as the user manual for the tyre-fitting machinery or equipment.

26 General precautions Operators must always wear appropriate protection equipment. Operators must know recommended procedure. Operators must ensure that the vehicle is stopped, secured and properly stabilized (parking brake engaged, blocks ...), motor turned off.

Precautions for removal a) when removing the vehicle wheel If the tyre is twin-fitted, fitted with a divided wheel or if the rim shows evidence of damage, the tyres must be deflated prior to removal of the whole fitment (remove the valve core). Failure to observe this could lead to accidents very serious consequences. Ensure that the tyre’s temperature allows it to be removed safely. Comply with the manufacturers’ recommendations and instructions. b) when the tyre is removed on the vehicle Completely deflate the tyre before any operation.

Precautions for fitting - Ensure that the wheel and its components are in good condition - Check dimensional compliance (tyre and wheel) - Ensure compatibility between tyres and wheels - Adhere to the positions, direction of fitting, direction of rotation and any other instructions referred to on the tyre sidewall. - In the case of multi-piece wheels, replace the O-ring seal - In the case of tubeless mounting ■ with a rubber valve, this must be systematically replaced ■ with metallic valves, check the air tightness and continue with the replacement of valve cores or seals if necessary - In the case of divided wheels (2 piece bolted assembly) It is imperative to respect the maximum inflation pressure recommended by the manufacturer. If necessary consult it because instructions may be different depending on the manufacturer - After fitting the tyre to the vehicle, a torque wrench must be used to achieve the optimal torque as specified by the machine manufacturer. - When changing a tyre, it is advisable to also change the tubeless bead seal. In all cases, it is imperative to change the valve of the tubeless bead seal on each assembly and ensure that the valve hole is not damaged. If this is the case, it is imperative to change the tubeless bead seal because it involved in the sealing.

27 Precautions for inﬂ ating Tyre infl ation is an essential factor, not only for optimisation of tyre SAFETY ZONE performance but also in terms of SAFETY. It is necessary for correct machine behavior (road holding and braking) as well as maintaining the tyre’s stability. Minimum of 6 meters from the valve Only use infl ation equipment intended for this purpose and fi tted with a pressure limiter. No person must be in the immediate proximity of the equipment in order to be out of the path of any potential discharge in the event of an incident.

Operating pressure The infl ation pressure that must be strictly adhered to isthat SIDE WALL recommended by the manufacturer. In the absence of real elements known to determine a pressure DANGER DANGER (weighing results, driving conditions, etc...), a basic pressure can be viewed on the Fitment Guide but is only given as indicative.

SIDE WALL The operating pressure can be given only by the Michelin representative or by a qualifi ed professional who is trained to take into account the use criteria of the tyre (ground conditions, cycle lengths, transported materials, etc.). Under-infl ation or over-infl ation can signifi cantly affect tyre performance

Rolling underinfl ated causes an abnormal rise in temperature Minimum of 6 meters from the valve of the components of the tyre and can cause one tyre degradation. This degradation is irreversible and may lead to destruction of tyre with brutal defl ation. The negative effects SAFETY ZONE of insuffi cient infl ated pressure are not necessarily immediate and even may manifest until some time after correction...

Storage and maintenance

Tyres are rubber-based and are subject to natural ageing. For that storage does not adversely affect the life of the tyre, but it must be under specifi c conditions, limited in time, and as far as possible inside. ■ In premises that are well-ventilated, dry and temperate, protected from direct sunlight and bad weather ■ Away from any chemical substances, solvents or hydrocarbons likely to interfere with the nature of the rubber ■ Away from any object that could penetrate the rubber (sharp metal, wood, etc.) ■ Away from any source of heat, fl ame, incandescent object, material that could cause sparks or electrical discharges and any ozone sources (transformers, electric motors, soldering devices, etc.). Poor handling of an unfi tted tyre can cause it to be irreparably damaged. In order to eliminate the risk of bead damage and the problems which could result, we strongly advise that: 1 - The tyre is not lifted directly by the bead with a crane hook. 2 - Flat straps are used (not steel slings or chains). 3 - The tyre is lifted under the tread and not on the beads when a fork lift truck is used.

28 Moreover, accessories must be stored in their original packaging, on surfaces that do not present any danger of cutting, tearing or perforation. In all cases, for the handling of tyres and accessories, operators must ■ Be equipped with their protective clothing. ■ Observe the safety of the company. ■ Use a suitable material to use. ■ Use of instruments and equipment that is not harmful to tyres. Operators must always wear their normal protective clothing for handling. To share best practices and recommendations for storage of tyres or wheel assemblies, consult your Michelin representative.

Machine checks and maintenance

General recommendations Ensure that the machine is stationary and secured before any inspection. Tyres must be inspected regularly in order to detect any unusual wear and potential damage. Wheel torque must be checked in accordance with the machine manufacturer’s recommendations. Any perforations, cuts or visible distortion of the tread, sidewalls or flange area must be the subject of a thorough (internal/external) examination of the tyre by a tyre professional. It is the same for any damage to the rim. In all circumstances, do not put back into operation any tyres that exhibit damage, such as deformed bead or visible bead wire, separations between components, visible cable cords, damage from grease or corrosive particles, marbling or abrasion of the interior rubber resulting from any running at insufficient pressure. Each time the machine is inspected, check that the valve cap is in good condition. If in doubt, replace it.

29 Checking for wear Checking for wear must always be carried out at several points on the tyre. This check can be carried out using a tyre depth gauge or by looking for signs of wear on the tread (noted on the sidewall by a symbol when present). If the legal or technical limit for wear has been reached, the tyre must be removed and replaced. A tyre professional must be consulted if there is abnormal wear or a difference in wear between two tyres on the same axle.

Pressure Given that a tyre loses pressure naturally, it is necessary to adjust it periodically. This check will enable any abnormal loss of pressure to be detected. This check must be carried out on all the vehicle’s tyres. A tyre operated with insufficient pressure will undergo an abnormal rise in operating temperature, which can lead to irreversible damage of internal components and cause its complete destruction with up to rapid deflation of the tyre. The consequences of running with insufficient inflation pressure are not necessarily immediate and may appear even after rectification. An excessive pressure can cause rapid and irregular wear, resulting in increased susceptibility to impacts (tread damage, rupture of the casing, etc.).

It is recommended that tyre pressures are checked when tyres are cold.

If they are checked after running, the tyres are hot and pressure will not be accurate. If pressure is checked when hot, the pressure should be readjusted in line with the manufacturer’s recommendations (consult your Michelin representative). Given that pressure increases with temperature, a hot tyre must never be deflated. Always respect the equality of pressure between dual tyres. Inflation with nitrogen is not an exemption from the need to check tyre pressure regularly. In all circumstances, adhere to the pressures recommended by the machine or tyre manufacturers.

30 Repair Not all damage can be repaired. All repairs must be carried out by a trained and qualifi ed professional. Repairs are preceded as a matter of course by a detailed inspection of the tyre by the professional. A tyre that has been run underinfl ated or fl at may have suffered irreversible damage and only an exhaustive check of the interior of the tyre will enable a diagnosis of whether or not the tyre can be put back into use. Removal of the tyre is therefore essential in order to assess with certainty its actual condition and the type of repair required.

Product life

Tyres are made from different types of materials and rubber-based components, whose properties are essential to the proper running of the tyre itself. These properties evolve over time. For each tyre, this evolution depends on many factors, such as climate, storage conditions (temperature, humidity, position, etc.), conditions of use (load, speed, infl ation pressure, road damage, etc.) to which the tyre is subjected during its working life. These ageing factors vary so much that it is impossible to predict the life of a tyre with any accuracy. This is why, in addition to regular user checks, it is recommended to have the tyres regularly checked by a qualifi ed professional, who will determine whether the tyre is fi t to continue in operation. This inspection must be carried out at least once a year.

Michelin may in no way be held responsible for damage that may occur as a result of use contrary to its instructions.

The preceding information is extracted from the USE AND MAINTENANCE GUIDE FOR MICHELIN EARTHMOVER TYRES. For more details, consult our website www.michelinearthmover.com MICHELIN EARTHMOVER orTIRES from COMMERCIAL your ORGANIZATION Michelin

North America Michelin Tire Corporation Asia One Parkway South Michelin (China) Investment Co. Ltd. South and Central America POrepresentative. Box 19001 Dawning Center Greenville, SC 29602 Tower B (East Tower, 16th ﬂ oor) Sociedad Michelin de Participaçoes USA 500 Hongbaoshi Road Industrial e Commercial Ltda Tel: + 1 864 458 5000 Shanghai 201103 Avenida das Americas - Bloco 4 RP de Chine Barra da Tijuca Tel: + 86 (21) 22 19 08 88 Rio de Janeiro (RJ) CEP 22640-100 Brazil Europe Tel: + 55 (21) 36 21 46 46 Manufacture Française Oceania & Indonesia des Pneumatiques Michelin

Michelin Australia Pty Ltd Africa - Middle East - India 319 23, Place des Carmes-Déchaux 51-57 Fennell Street 1-1

Manufacture Française PEFC/10-3 63040 Clermont-Ferrand Cdx 09 Port Melbourne des Pneumatiques Michelin France (Victoria 3207) 23, Place des Carmes-Déchaux Tel: + 33 4 73 32 20 00 Australia 63040 Clermont-Ferrand Cdx 09 Tel: + 61 3 86 71 10 03 France Tel: + 33 4 73 32 20 00

www.michelinearthmover.com

c en ciel - Paris - 01 44 85 42 22

North America Europe

Asia

and - EFCM 7355- Fr (2011-07) - Ref. 05 South and Central America

Africa Middle East India Oceania & Indonesia 855 200 507 RCS Clermont-Ferr

USE AND MAINTENANCE GUIDE EARTHMOVER TIRES

31 Tel : +7 495 258 09 26 09 258 Tel495 +7 : Russia Moscou 125445 24D (2 24D street Smolnaya MOSCOW - MICHELIN EuropeEastern 00 20 32 73 4 33 + : Tél. France 09 Cdx Clermont-Ferrand 63040 Carmes-Déchaux des place 23, Michelin Pneumatiques des Française Manufacture Europe sd floor) Zone Amérique du Nord Tel: + 1 864 458 5000 458 Tel:864 1 + USA 29602 SC Greenville, 19001 Box PO South Parkway One Inc. America, North Michelin North America Tel: + 55 (21) 36 21 46 46 46 21 36 Tel:(21) 55 + Brasil 22640-100 CEP (RJ) Janeiro de Río Tijuca Da Barra 4 Bloco - Americas das Avenida Ltda Commercial e Industrial Participaçoes de Michelin Sociedad South America Zone Amérique du Sud For moreinformationaboutourproducts,maintenance www.michelinearthmover.com and safetyadvice,ortoﬁ ndyournearestdealer, visit Europe Zone Moyen Orient Zone Afrique/ Inde/ Tel: + 61 3 86 71 10 03 10 71 86 Tel:3 61 + Australia 3207) (Victoria Melbourne Port Street Fennell 51-57 Ltd Pty Australia MICHELIN Australia New Zealand/ South EastAsia/ 8078111 Tel:4 971 + UAE Dubai, Zone Free Ali Jebel P.O.Box263034 floor 5th 14, LOB JAFZA FZE AIM Michelin Middle East Africa/India/ Zone Europe Orientale du SudEst/ Zone Asie Zélande / Australie Nouvelle Zone Chine Tel: + 86 (21) 22 19 08 88 08 19 22 Tel:(21) 86 + China RP 201103 Shanghaï Road Hongbaoshi 500 Tel: + 86 (21) 22 19 08 88 08 19 22 Tel:(21) 86 + China RP 201103 Shanghaï Road Hongbaoshi 500 TowerTower,(East B 16 Center Dawning Ltd. Co. Investment (China) MICHELIN Korea /Japan TowerTower,(East B 16 Center Dawning Ltd. Co. Investment (China) MICHELIN China Corée /Japon Zone th th floor) floor)

(Auvergne - France) F29835 - Tél. 04 73 73 25 25 855 200 507 RCS Clermont-Ferrand - EFCM 7265-Gb (2015-06) - Réf n° 0506439