DOCSLIB.ORG

SICHUAN and GUIZHOU, 1955-1965 David Stephen Gordon

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
SICHUAN and GUIZHOU, 1955-1965 David Stephen Gordon CENTRAL-PROVINCIAL RELATIONSHIPS IN THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA: SICHUAN AND GUIZHOU, 1955-1965 David Stephen Gordon Goodman Thesis submitted for the Ph.D. examination School of Oriental and African Studies University of London ProQuest Number: 10672714 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 10672714 Published by ProQuest LLC(2017). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 2 ABSTRACT This thesis considers the relationship between centre and province in the People1s Republic of China during the decade before the Cultural Revolution* Previous accounts of that relationship have provided different assessments of the impact of the decentralization measures introduced in 1957/8 on provincial autonomy* Here it is suggested that each of those accounts is to some extent unconvincing* There seems no reason to assume a priori that there is a necessary conflictual or servile relationship between centre and province, or that there is only one such relationship. There may be common characteristics of individual provinces* relationship with the centre, but there may also be differences, and it is the determinants of those sim ilarities and differences which need to be identified. This thesis concentrates on a province's relative autonomy and the behaviour of its formal political leadership in the relationship between centre and province. Of particular importance^ it employs a provincial perspective on that relationship, rather than the national view provided in previous accounts* Sichuan and Guizhou have been chosen for a comparative case study. To a large extent the framework for discussion has been built around the points of difference between the previous accounts of the relationship between centre and province. An examination of two southwestern provinces during a decade must necessarily be limited in its conclusions. However, it is suggested that Sichuan and Guizhou do in fact represent different relationships with the .centre. The former, wealthier and more politically integrated, had more relative autonomy and was less influenced by the immediate environment, than the latter. Moreover, it is suggested that in the southwest a t l e a s t , 1957/8 was followed by the regionalization of politics. 3 CONTENTS pa^e C ontents 3 List of Tables 6 Acknowledgements 7 Note on Transliteration ® Abbreviations 9 1. INTRODUCTION: ON CENTRE-PROVINCE RELATIONS 10 The Centre-Province Relationship, 1954”1957 14 Models of the Centre-Province Relationship, 1937-1966 16 The Totalitarian Model ’ 16 The Centralist Model 17 The C e llu la r Model 20 The Decentralist Model 23 . A Preliminary Critique 26 A Framework for Research 29 Sichuan and Guizhou as Case Studies 34 PART I : BEFORE DECENTRALIZATION 45 2 . POLITICAL TRADITIONS AND THE CONSOLIDATION OF RULE 46 Sichuan's Political Traditions 50 Guizhou's Political Traditions 57 Sichuan and Guizhou, 1949-1954 1 Political Control and Administration 64 3. 1955-1957: PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS 79 Provincial Leaders' 82 Sichuan 85 The Five Year Plan 85 The Provincial Supply Crisis of 195^/7 87 "Better Troops and Simpler Administration" 90 Guizhou 93 Economic Problems 94 National Minorities, Rectification and the 'A n ti- R ig h tis ts 1 Movement 96 4 page 4. AGRICULTURAL COOPERATIVIZATION 110 The 'High Tide' of Agricultural Cooperativization 112 The 'High Tide' in Guizhou and Sichuan 115 Collectivization in Sichuan 118 The Official View 118 The 'Large C ooperative' 120 A Case of Provincial Deviance? 123 5. THE TWELVE YEAR PLAN AND NATIONAL-LEVEL POLITICS 1955-1957 140 The Twelve Year Plan P41 P ro v in c ia l Demands 146 Guizhou and Sichuan in the National Debate, 1955-1957 148 PART I I : AFTER DECENTRALIZATION 157 6. 1958-1960: THE GREAT LEAP FORWARD 158 The G reat Leap Forward 160 . Sichuan 163 Winter 1957/8 1 64 Sichuan as a Regional Economic Base 168 P o l i t i c s in Command 171 Guizhou 173 The GLF of Spring 1958 174 Rectification and Political Education 176 "Our method is simple: start from nothing and work hard]" 178 Sichuan, Guizhou and the Centre 181 7. 1961-1965: THE PRELUDE TO THE CULTURAL REVOLUTION 198 P ro v in c ia l Leadership 202 Sichuan ' ‘ 204 Agriculture 205 The S o c ia lis t E ducation Movement 209 P o l i t i c a l Consciousness 213 Guizhou 216 Problems and Solutions 217 L eadership Changes 219 5 page 8. RURAL PEOPLE'S COMMUNES 233 Communization 236 Decommunalization , 239* Sichuan and Guizhou 241 The Establishment of Rural People's Communes 242 The Commune as a Social Unit 247 Management and Ownership 250 Variations in Commune Policy 256 9. THE SOUTHWEST REGIONAL BUREAU AND THE SOUTHWEST REGION, 1961-1965 269 The Southwest as a Region 272 Sichuan's Political Leadership of the Southwest 274 The Southwest Bureau 276 Field Armies and the Circulation of Elites 282 Sichuan and the Regionalization of Politics 284 10. CONCLUSIONS 298 Political Traditions and Political Culture 301 Provincial Variations and Provincial Autonomy 306 1957/8 as a Turning-point in Centre-province R e la tio n sh ip s 312 Endword 316 Appendix I - Provincial and Regional Leadership, 1955-1965 517 1. Sichuan Leadership Personnel, 1955-1965 319 2. Guizhou Leadership Personnel, 1955-1965 321 3 . Southwest Regional Bureau Leadership Personnel, 1961-1966 323 4 . Appointments to Leadership Positions within the Southwest Region, 1961-1965 324 Appendix II - GPCR Sources Providing Information on the Southwest Regional Bureau, CCP Central Committee, and its activities during 1961- 1965 325 Bibliography 330 6 LIST OP TABLES Table page 1. Major provincial party and government meetings in Sichuan, 1955-1965 57 2. Major provincial party and government meetings in Guizhou, 1955-1965 58 3. Sichuan's First-echelon Provincial Leaders, 1955-1957 99 4. Guizhou's Pirst-echelon Provincial Leaders, 1955-1957 188 5. Agricultural Cooperativization in Guizhou, 1955-1957 127 6. Agricultural Cooperativization in Sichuan, 1955-1957 129 7. The Raising of Cooperativization Targets in Sichuan and Guizhou, 1955 152 8. Comparative Rates of Cooperativization in China 154 9* Targets and Output of Selected Items in Sichuan during the G reat Leap Forward 185 10. Targets and Output of Selected Items in Guizhou during the Great Leap Forward 186 11. Sichuan's First-echelon Provincial Leaders, 1961-1965 222 12. Guizhou's First-echelon Provincial Leaders, 1 961—1965 223 13. Meetings Organized by the Southwest Bureau, 1961-1965 288 14* Organs of the Southwest Bureau, 1961-1965 289 15. Appointments to First-echelon Leadership Positions within the Southwest, 1961-1965? Vork-place immediately before Appointment 290 16. Appointments to First-echelon Leadership Positions within the Southwest, 1961-1965? Work-place During 1950-1952 291 7 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Research fbr this study was undertaken whilst a Research Fellow at the Contemporary China Institute, School of Oriental and African Studies, London University (1971—1974); and a Lecturer in the Department of Politics, University of Newcastle-upon-Tyne ( a f t e r 1974)* I would like to thank "both institutions for their invaluable financial support and general assistance over the years. Moreover, since the bulk of research has been library-based, my thanks must also go to the library of the School of Oriental and African Studies; the East Asian Library, Hoover Institution, Stanford University; the library of the Center for Chinese Studies, University of California, Berkeley; the library of the Harvard-Yenching Institute, Harvard University; and the Beijing University iibrary; and their librarians, for their help and assistance. More personally, I would like to acknowledge all those who in their various ways have given advice and encourage­ ment, suggested material, and provided stimulating conversation. In particular, thanks are due to John Gardner, who from the first encouraged my interest in the provincial politics of the People's Republic of China; Prof. Christopher Howe, who first suggested Sichuan as a subject for detailed investigation; Barbara Krug; Mrs Rule, who as always has provided invaluable secretarial assistance; Prof. Stuart Schram, my thesis supervisor; Dorothy J. Solinger; Edwin A. Winckler; and Rod Wye. Note on Transliteration In general the pinyin system of romanization for Chinese has been employed throughout this study. However, where reference is made to publications and quotations which use other methods of transliteration, then the original has been c ite d . Abbrevi ati ons APC Agricultural Producers Cooperative CB Current Background CCP Chinese Communist Party CURB Chengdu ribao (Chengdu Daily) CQ The China Quarterly CQRB Chongqing ribao (Chongqing Daily) GLF Great Leap Forward GMRB Guangming ribao (Guangming Daily) GPCR Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution GZRB Guizhou ribao (Guizhou Dally) HSC Higher Stage Collective HQ Hongqi (Red Flag) ' JPRS Joint Publications Research Services LSC Lower Stage Cooperative NCNA New China News Agency PC Rural People's Commune PLA People's Liberation Army PPC Provincial People's Congress PRC People's Republic of China RMRB Renmin
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A Dictionary of Chinese Characters: Accessed by Phonetics
    A dictionary of Chinese characters ‘The whole thrust of the work is that it is more helpful to learners of Chinese characters to see them in terms of sound, than in visual terms. It is a radical, provocative and constructive idea.’ Dr Valerie Pellatt, University of Newcastle. By arranging frequently used characters under the phonetic element they have in common, rather than only under their radical, the Dictionary encourages the student to link characters according to their phonetic. The system of cross refer- encing then allows the student to find easily all the characters in the Dictionary which have the same phonetic element, thus helping to fix in the memory the link between a character and its sound and meaning. More controversially, the book aims to alleviate the confusion that similar looking characters can cause by printing them alongside each other. All characters are given in both their traditional and simplified forms. Appendix A clarifies the choice of characters listed while Appendix B provides a list of the radicals with detailed comments on usage. The Dictionary has a full pinyin and radical index. This innovative resource will be an excellent study-aid for students with a basic grasp of Chinese, whether they are studying with a teacher or learning on their own. Dr Stewart Paton was Head of the Department of Languages at Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, from 1976 to 1981. A dictionary of Chinese characters Accessed by phonetics Stewart Paton First published 2008 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, OX14 4RN Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Routledge 270 Madison Ave, New York, NY 10016 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2008.
    [Show full text]
  • Information to Users
    INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript Pas been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissenation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from anytype of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely. event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material bad to beremoved, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with smalloverlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back ofthe book. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6" x 9" black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. UMI A Bell &Howell Information Company 300North Zeeb Road. Ann Arbor. MI48106-1346 USA 313!761-47oo 800:521·0600 THE LIN BIAO INCIDENT: A STUDY OF EXTRA-INSTITUTIONAL FACTORS IN THE CULTURAL REVOLUTION A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE DIVISION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN HISTORY AUGUST 1995 By Qiu Jin Dissertation Committee: Stephen Uhalley, Jr., Chairperson Harry Lamley Sharon Minichiello John Stephan Roger Ames UMI Number: 9604163 OMI Microform 9604163 Copyright 1995, by OMI Company.
    [Show full text]
  • Language Management in the People's Republic of China
    LANGUAGE AND PUBLIC POLICY Language management in the People’s Republic of China Bernard Spolsky Bar-Ilan University Since the establishment of the People’s Republic of China in 1949, language management has been a central activity of the party and government, interrupted during the years of the Cultural Revolution. It has focused on the spread of Putonghua as a national language, the simplification of the script, and the auxiliary use of Pinyin. Associated has been a policy of modernization and ter - minological development. There have been studies of bilingualism and topolects (regional vari - eties like Cantonese and Hokkien) and some recognition and varied implementation of the needs of non -Han minority languages and dialects, including script development and modernization. As - serting the status of Chinese in a globalizing world, a major campaign of language diffusion has led to the establishment of Confucius Institutes all over the world. Within China, there have been significant efforts in foreign language education, at first stressing Russian but now covering a wide range of languages, though with a growing emphasis on English. Despite the size of the country, the complexity of its language situations, and the tension between competing goals, there has been progress with these language -management tasks. At the same time, nonlinguistic forces have shown even more substantial results. Computers are adding to the challenge of maintaining even the simplified character writing system. As even more striking evidence of the effect of poli - tics and demography on language policy, the enormous internal rural -to -urban rate of migration promises to have more influence on weakening regional and minority varieties than campaigns to spread Putonghua.
    [Show full text]
  • EAST ASIA Unreached People Groups Prayer & Opportunities List
    EAST ASIA Unreached People Groups Prayer & Opportunities List 2020 Priorities This SCBC resource is made possible through the Cooperative Program of South Carolina Baptist churches. Pictures used are compliments of the International Mission Board. TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE UPG NAME POPULATION 3 Western Xiangxi Miao 1,600,000 4 PingDi Yao 1,610,000 5 Cao Miao (Mjuniang) 116,000 6 Central HongshuiHe Zhuang 1,080,000 7 HuiShui Miao 324,000 8 Northern Bai 870.000 9 Jiarong 311,000 10 Gui Bei Zhuang 1,475,000 11 Xiaoliang Shan Nosu 429,000 12 Ambdo Tibetans 1,355.000 13 Lolopo 618,000 READY TO GO? Opportunities exist for Churches to come and serve among these People Groups, doing short term mission trips. If you have interest to learn more about these trips, please contact Robert at: [email protected] Thank you for praying for these Unreached People Groups. GET UPDATES FOR INFO Have you joined Pray52? For information on Missions Text SCGo to 313131 to Partnerships and other resources to receive prayer requests on help your church fulfill the behalf of our SC Great Commission, contact: missionaries and East Asia South Carolina Baptist Convention partners every Wednesday! Missions Mobilization Team (803) 227-6026 e-mail: [email protected] www.scbaptist.org/send WESTERN XIANGXI MIAO Population: 1,600,000 Progress of the Gospel: Engaged but not reached Christianity: Dispersed CP Activity, < 2% reached They are part of the Miao nationality, but they speak a language different from all other Miao groups in China. Their dress and customs are also different.
    [Show full text]
  • Section 3: China's Strategic Aims in Africa
    SECTION 3: CHINA’S STRATEGIC AIMS IN AFRICA Key Findings • Beijing has long viewed African countries as occupying a cen- tral position in its efforts to increase China’s global influence and revise the international order. Over the last two decades, and especially under General Secretary of the Chinese Com- munist Party (CCP) Xi Jinping’s leadership since 2012, Beijing has launched new initiatives to transform Africa into a testing ground for the export of its governance system of state-led eco- nomic growth under one-party, authoritarian rule. • Beijing uses its influence in Africa to gain preferential access to Africa’s natural resources, open up markets for Chinese exports, and enlist African support for Chinese diplomatic priorities on and beyond the continent. The CCP flexibly tailors its approach to different African countries with the goal of instilling admira- tion and at times emulation of China’s alternative political and governance regime. • China is dependent on Africa for imports of fossil fuels and commodities constituting critical inputs in emerging technology products. Beijing has increased its control of African commodi- ties through strategic direct investment in oil fields, mines, and production facilities, as well as through resource-backed loans that call for in-kind payments of commodities. This control threatens the ability of U.S. companies to access key supplies. • As the top bilateral financier of infrastructure projects across Africa, China plays an important role in addressing the short- age of infrastructure on the continent. China’s financing is opaque and often comes with onerous terms, however, leading to rising concerns of economic exploitation, dependency, and po- litical coercion.
    [Show full text]
  • (Hrsg.) Strafrecht in Reaktion Auf Systemunrecht
    Albin Eser / Ulrich Sieber / Jörg Arnold (Hrsg.) Strafrecht in Reaktion auf Systemunrecht Schriftenreihe des Max-Planck-Instituts für ausländisches und internationales Strafrecht Strafrechtliche Forschungsberichte Herausgegeben von Ulrich Sieber in Fortführung der Reihe „Beiträge und Materialien aus dem Max-Planck-Institut für ausländisches und internationales Strafrecht Freiburg“ begründet von Albin Eser Band S 82.9 Strafrecht in Reaktion auf Systemunrecht Vergleichende Einblicke in Transitionsprozesse herausgegeben von Albin Eser • Ulrich Sieber • Jörg Arnold Band 9 China von Thomas Richter sdfghjk Duncker & Humblot • Berlin Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Bibliothek Die Deutsche Bibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über <http://dnb.ddb.de> abrufbar. DOI https://doi.org/10.30709/978-3-86113-876-X Redaktion: Petra Lehser Alle Rechte vorbehalten © 2006 Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. c/o Max-Planck-Institut für ausländisches und internationales Strafrecht Günterstalstraße 73, 79100 Freiburg i.Br. http://www.mpicc.de Vertrieb in Gemeinschaft mit Duncker & Humblot GmbH, Berlin http://WWw.duncker-humblot.de Umschlagbild: Thomas Gade, © www.medienarchiv.com Druck: Stückle Druck und Verlag, Stückle-Straße 1, 77955 Ettenheim Printed in Germany ISSN 1860-0093 ISBN 3-86113-876-X (Max-Planck-Institut) ISBN 3-428-12129-5 (Duncker & Humblot) Gedruckt auf alterungsbeständigem (säurefreiem) Papier entsprechend ISO 9706 # Vorwort der Herausgeber Mit dem neunten Band der Reihe „Strafrecht in Reaktion auf Systemunrecht – Vergleichende Einblicke in Transitionsprozesse“ wird zur Volksrepublik China ein weiterer Landesbericht vorgelegt. Während die bisher erschienenen Bände solche Länder in den Blick nahmen, die hinsichtlich der untersuchten Transitionen einem „klassischen“ Systemwechsel von der Diktatur zur Demokratie entsprachen, ist die Einordung der Volksrepublik China schwieriger.
    [Show full text]
  • Old Scripts, New Actors: European Encounters with Chinese Writing, 1550-1700 *
    EASTM 26 (2007): 68-116 Old Scripts, New Actors: European Encounters with Chinese Writing, 1550-1700 * Bruce Rusk [Bruce Rusk is Assistant Professor of Chinese Literature in the Department of Asian Studies at Cornell University. From 2004 to 2006 he was Mellon Humani- ties Fellow in the Asian Languages Department at Stanford University. His dis- sertation was entitled “The Rogue Classicist: Feng Fang and his Forgeries” (UCLA, 2004) and his article “Not Written in Stone: Ming Readers of the Great Learning and the Impact of Forgery” appeared in The Harvard Journal of Asi- atic Studies 66.1 (June 2006).] * * * But if a savage or a moon-man came And found a page, a furrowed runic field, And curiously studied line and frame: How strange would be the world that they revealed. A magic gallery of oddities. He would see A and B as man and beast, As moving tongues or arms or legs or eyes, Now slow, now rushing, all constraint released, Like prints of ravens’ feet upon the snow. — Herman Hesse 1 Visitors to the Far East from early modern Europe reported many marvels, among them a writing system unlike any familiar alphabetic script. That the in- habitants of Cathay “in a single character make several letters that comprise one * My thanks to all those who provided feedback on previous versions of this paper, especially the workshop commentator, Anthony Grafton, and Liam Brockey, Benjamin Elman, and Martin Heijdra as well as to the Humanities Fellows at Stanford. I thank the two anonymous readers, whose thoughtful comments were invaluable in the revision of this essay.
    [Show full text]
  • Chinese Language. Scientific American
    Readings from SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN With Introductions by William S-Y. Wang University of California, Berkeley rn W. H. Freeman and Company SanFrancisco r ,J . 7 .~ 4 by William S-Y. Wang February 1973 This melodious tongue is spoken by more people than any other. Although the Chinese system of writing is complex, the basic structure of the language is remarkably simple T o people who are familiar only in a grammar of Chinese. For the various gives the illusion that the thing being with the common European lan- forms of the verb "to buy," such as named is new. guages the Chinese language is "buy," "buys," "bought" and "buying," There is one sense, ho\vever, in which t strikingly different. Yet today Chinese is Chinese has the single form maio (The Chinese is a very old language. Sumerian is the only language we know of that has ~. spoken by more people than any other mark over the a signifies that the syllable extant written materials that antedate language, and Chinese literature is the is spoken in a tone that falls and then Chinese ones. Sumerian cuneiform writ- world's oldest, spanning a period of 35 rises. There are three other vowel marks centuries. When we examine the struc- for tones, as in a indicating a rising tone, ing dates back some 5,000 years; the ture of the Chinese language, we find Ii indicating a falling tone and a indicat- earliest Chinese writing in existence to- that it is not conspicuously complex; in- ing a level high tone.) For "book," day dates back 3,500 years.
    [Show full text]
  • Kampen MAO ZEDONG, ZHOU ENLAI and the CHINESE COMMUNIST
    Kampen MAO ZEDONG, ZHOU ENLAI AND THE EVOLUTION OF THE CHINESE COMMUNIST LEADERSHIP MAO ZEDONG, ZHOU ENLAI Thomas Kampen MAO ZEDONG, ZHOU ENLAI AND THE CHINESE COMMUNIST LEADERSHIP NIAS AND THE EVOLUTION OF This book analyses the power struggles within the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party between 1931, when several Party leaders left Shanghai and entered the Jiangxi Soviet, and 1945, by which time Mao Zedong, Liu THE CHINESE COMMUNIST Shaoqi and Zhou Enlai had emerged as senior CCP leaders. In 1949 they established the People's Republic of China and ruled it for several decades. LEADERSHIP Based on new Chinese sources, the study challenges long-established views that Mao Zedong became CCP leader during the Long March (1934–35) and that by 1935 the CCP was independent of the Comintern in Moscow. The result is a critique not only of official Chinese historiography but also of Western (especially US) scholarship that all future histories of the CCP and power struggles in the PRC will need to take into account. “Meticulously researched history and a powerful critique of a myth that has remained central to Western and Chinese scholarship for decades. Kampen’s study of the so-called 28 Bolsheviks makes compulsory reading for anyone Thomas Kampen trying to understand Mao’s (and Zhou Enlai’s!) rise to power. A superb example of the kind of revisionist writing that today's new sources make possible, and reminder never to take anything for granted as far as our ‘common knowledge’ about the history of the Chinese Communist Party is concerned.” – Michael Schoenhals, Director, Centre for East and Southeast Asian Studies, Lund University, Sweden “Thomas Kampen has produced a work of exceptional research which, through the skillful use of recently available Chinese sources, questions the accepted wisdom about the history of the leadership of the CCP.
    [Show full text]
  • 2018 Chinese Control and Decision Conference (CCDC 2018)
    2018 Chinese Control and Decision Conference (CCDC 2018) Shenyang, China 9-11 June 2018 Pages 1-680 IEEE Catalog Number: CFP1851D-POD ISBN: 978-1-5386-1245-3 1/10 Copyright © 2018 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. All Rights Reserved Copyright and Reprint Permissions: Abstracting is permitted with credit to the source. Libraries are permitted to photocopy beyond the limit of U.S. copyright law for private use of patrons those articles in this volume that carry a code at the bottom of the first page, provided the per-copy fee indicated in the code is paid through Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923. For other copying, reprint or republication permission, write to IEEE Copyrights Manager, IEEE Service Center, 445 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, NJ 08854. All rights reserved. *** This is a print representation of what appears in the IEEE Digital Library. Some format issues inherent in the e-media version may also appear in this print version. IEEE Catalog Number: CFP1851D-POD ISBN (Print-On-Demand): 978-1-5386-1245-3 ISBN (Online): 978-1-5386-1244-6 ISSN: 1948-9439 Additional Copies of This Publication Are Available From: Curran Associates, Inc 57 Morehouse Lane Red Hook, NY 12571 USA Phone: (845) 758-0400 Fax: (845) 758-2633 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.proceedings.com Technical Papers Session SatA01:Adaptive Control (I) Venue Room01 Date/Time 15:50-17:50 Chair Wei Guan, Shenyang Aerospace Univ. Co-Chair TianNing Chen, Xi'an Jiaotong Univ. 15:50-16:10 SatA01-1 A new variable step size LMS adaptive algorithm 1 Qun Niu, Xi'an Jiaotong Univ.
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Conference Washington, D.C
    Association for Asian Studies ANNUAL CONFERENCE WASHINGTON, D.C. MARCH 22-25 2018 Spatial Data Center & China Data Center UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 330 Packard St, Ann Arbor, MI 48106-1248, USA TEL: (734)647-9610 / FAX: (734)763-0335 / EMAIL: [email protected] Please join the following workshop organized by China Data Center: “Recent Development and New Features of China Data Online” Time: 3:00pm - 5:30pm, Thursday, March 22, 2018 Site: Roosevelt 3, Marriott Wardman Park Hotel, Washington, D.C. New Data and Features of China Data Online The following new databases have been added to China Statistics Database and Census Database: Statistical Datasheets provides about 270,000 statistical tables from all provincial yearbooks and some other sources with full text search function and metadata, including citation information and unique table ID for direct access. Census Maps covers more than 7 million census maps with data by province, city, county or even township, including population census 2000 and 2010, economic census 2004 and 2008, basic unit census 2001, and industrial census 1995. Statistical Charts provides a rich collection of statistical charts for those monthly and yearly statistics at country, province, prefecture city and county levels with full text search function and metadata, including citation information and unique chart ID for direct access. New Features of China Geo-Explorer and US Geo-Explorer: Chinese Version of “China Map Library” is part of China Geo-Explorer. It offers about 8 million maps for the demographic and business data of China. Those maps provide comprehensive information of China at province, prefecture cities, county, and township levels.
    [Show full text]
  • Cultural Revolution on the Border: Yunnan's 'Political Frontier Defence' (1969-1971)
    Cultural Revolution on the Border: Cultural Revolution on the Border: Yunnan's 'Political Frontier Defence' (1969-1971) MICHAEL SCHOENHALS Abstract This paper addresses an important but so far neglected episode in the post- 1949 history of China – the impact of the so-called 'Cultural Revolution' on the country's ethnic minority populations. Specifically, it attempts to deal with the movement as it unfolded in the province of Yunnan where, at one stage, it be- came an attempt by a political leadership in the provincial capital, dominated by military officers and supported by members of the central authorities in Beijing, to alter the landscape of the ethnic minority populations along the frontier. Using information culled from local histories and contemporary sources, the pa- per traces the history of what even by the standards of the Cultural Revolution (1966-76) came to be regarded as an exceptionally flawed and counterproductive policy. It foregrounds the human cost of its implementation and, for the first time, goes some way towards explaining – in more than simply general terms of labels like 'excesses' and 'ultra-leftism' – the trauma of those who survived it, a trauma that to this day still lingers in popular memory.1 Introduction During the 'Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution', China's southern frontier – where the province of Yunnan borders on Vietnam, Laos and Burma – witnessed the implementation of something called a 'political frontier defence' (zhengzhi bianfang) (PFD). As part of the Cultural Revo- lution, the PFD has left no traces in the works of historians concerned with national-level events and developments, nor has it figured in social science scholarship concerned with the organization of political power and its consequences in the 'Maoist system' (Barnouin and Yu 1993; MacFarquhar and Fairbank 1991; Yan and Gao 1996).
    [Show full text]