MASTER's THESIS Strategies for Planning Domestic And
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2008:024 MASTER'S THESIS Strategies for Planning Domestic and International Tourism Development of Qom Province With Emphasis on Religious Tourism Seyed Mahdi Heidarabadi Luleå University of Technology Master Thesis, Continuation Courses Marketing and e-commerce Department of Business Administration and Social Sciences Division of Industrial marketing and e-commerce 2008:024 - ISSN: 1653-0187 - ISRN: LTU-PB-EX--08/024--SE Abstract: Tourism with its broad range of impacts including amongst other economical, environmental, social-cultural benefits and costs, is a global phenomenon, which has variously attracted the attention of public and private sector interests. Because of its propensity to generate substantial economic benefits such as employment, foreign exchange ,income and tax revenues etc. developed countries and developing countries and in particular ,have embarked upon tourism-related development policies .One such developing country is the Islamic Republic of Iran ,the policy-makers of which are seeking to expansively develop its tourism sector as part of dialogue of civilization and introducing Iranian cultural ,historical and natural heritage to the world as well as means of achieving economic diversifications. Iran’s rich array of cultural and natural recourses, many of which are unique, constitute considerable actual and potential attractions and, therefore render Iran as a significant cultural tourism destination. Thus the overall purpose of the present study is to examine tourism attractions and to give strategies for tourism development of Qom province which is one of the main religious tourism destination of Iran and the Shiite world as it houses a lot of various attractions and a great number of tourists travel to this city to visit tourism attractions of Qom province. This province has got a very strategic political, geographical and tourism conditions in Iran. Qom receives more than 12 million local, regional and international pilgrims, tourists and as more than 16 provinces land transportations are crossing Qom. Korosh and Daryosh Hakhamaneshi erected the 2500 kilometers kingship road with necessary equipment (including: passengers, guiding bars, hostels, numerous Caravansaries, special official's appointment for keeping the road…). Iranian showed that they highly attend to hospitality and tourism. Establishing numerous roads with necessary equipment in history of Iran including Silk Road in Ashkanian era and Karballa-Mashhad in Safavieh 2 dynasty confirm this issue. In history, Iran has been one of the best countries for tourists as they mentioned in their itineraries. For example, Sharden, a famous French traveler in Safavieh era, wrote in his book in this way: "All over the world, there is no country like Iran for traveling either in respect of little dangers and safety of roads being watched precisely or low price of expenses thanks to large numbers of public building for passengers through out the empire, free residence in them, and existence of flat roads and bridges in impractical parts for country's caravans and passengers." There are one million and two hundred thousand tourism heritages and attractions in Iran which confirms Sharden's words nowadays. Tourism industry is so significant in economic and social development having been called "invisible export" by economists nowadays. 3 Acknowledgement: I would like to Thank Allah, God almighty, for giving me the courage and the strength to complete this thesis. I am very much indebted to my supervisors, Dr Seyed komail Tayebi, and Dr Metin kozak for their valuable guidance, inspiration and above all for their patience. I also wish to extend my appreciation to Dr Shahin chairman of International Scientific Cooperation of University of Isfahan and his assistants and whoever helps me in this regard. Additionally, I would like to appreciate Dr Salehi, Chairman of industrial marketing of Lulea university of Technology of Sweden and his assistants for their efforts to provide this opportunity to me. My special thanks to my dear parents for their endeavor during my life and education, Finally, I would like to express my grateful appreciation to my family in particular my wife and my dear daughter for love, understanding support and faithfulness during my study. 4 Abstract…………………………………………………………………………………………..4 1-1 Research problem statement……………………………………………………….15 1-2 Raising an issue…………………………………………………………….……...18 1-3 Necessity of researching…………………………………………………………..19 1-4 Research Questions……………………………………………………………..…20 1-5 Research hypotheses ……………………………………………………………...20 1-6 Research Objectives……………………………………………………………....20 1-7 Limitations of researches………………………………………………………….20 1-8 Key Words…………………………………………………………........................20 Generalities……………………………………….………………………………….…………22 2-1 The definitions and concepts………………………………….………………….……….22 2-2 Tourism in fourth five years development master plan………………………….………...25 2-3 Tourism in fifth five years development program (1972-1976)………...…….…………...25 2-4 Tourism in first development master plan of Islamic Republic of Iran(1989-1993)…...…25 2-5 Tourism in second program of Islamic Republic of Iran's development………...........…..26 2-6 Tourism in third program of Islamic Republic of Iran’s development…………...…....….26 2-7 Review on the province of Qom third development program evidences……………....….28 2-8 Limitations of tourism in Qom…………………………………………...…………...…..28 2-9 Priorities which considered to tourism sector development ……………………………..29 2-10 Future outlooks of tourism industry………………………………………..….…..30 2-11 Tourism industry and its social and cultural effects…………………………….…..……31 2-12 History and Antecedent of research……………………………………………..33 5 3-1 Natural geography……………………..………………………..………………………..37 3-2 Underground water resource…………………………………………….…………...….37 3-3 Animal environment……………………………………………………………………..38 3-4 Kahak summering Region……………………..…………………………………….…..38 3-5 Khalesjestan summering region……….…………………………………………..……..38 3-6 Qahan (Qahan valley) …………………………………………………….……………...39 3-7 Political geography…………………………………..…………………………….……..39 3-8 the roads of the province………………………………………………………………...39 3-9 Mankind geography……………………………………………………………..…….….40 3-10 Race and language…………………………………………………………………..…..40 3-11 Economical geography………………………………………………………….……..…41 3-12 Qanavat Division…………………………………………………………………………41 3-13 Kahak Division………………………………………………………….………………..42 3-14 Khalehjestan Division………………………………………………………..…………..42 3-15 Salafchegan division………………………………………………………….…………..43 3-16 Qomrud……………………………………………………..………………....……..……43 3-17 Jafar Abad division………………………………………………………..……..………..43 3-18 Social customs and traditions…………………………………………………………….44 4-1 The Holy shrine of Hadrat Masoumeh (s.) ……………………………………,,…….46 4-1-1 The dome of Holy shrine………………………………………………….……..…….46 4-1-2 The Veranda of Holy shrine…………………………….……………………………46 4-1-3 Mirror veranda………………………………………………………………………46 6 4-1-4 the minarets of Holy shrine……………………………………………………………47 4-1-5 The porches: Upper porch…………………………………….……………………….47 4-1-6 The Holy shrine development plan……………………………………….….……….48 4-1-7 the museum of Holy Shrine…………………………………………..…………….…48 4-1-8 the memorial ceremony of the entrance of Hadrat Masoumeh (s.) to QOM………..49 4-1-9 the Holy of Emamzadehs of QOM…………………..………………………….……49 4-2 The city of Qom…………………………………….……..………………………..53 4-2 -1 the History of Qom………………………………………….…..………………………54 4-2-2 Qom is safaviyeh dynasty…………………….………………………….….…………55 4-2-3 Old market …………………………………..……………...………………….…….. 56 4-2-4 Haj Asqar Khan Public Bathroom………………………………………….……….56 4-2-5 The graves of green dome………………………………………….……………….57 4-2-6 Emam Khomeini's mother’s tomb……………………………………….………….57 4-2-7 the grave of parvin Etesami……………………………………………...…………58 4-2-8 Mosques…………………………………………………………………………….58 4-2-9 Religious sciences schools……………………………………………...…………59 4-2-10 the historical Houses ……………………………………………………..…..….60 4-2-11 the castles…………………………………………………………………….…….62 4-2-12 Bridges……………………………………………………………….…………..63 4-2-13 Reservoirs……………………………………………………..………………….…....64 4-2-14 Guide pillar and historical hills………………………………………..………………65 4-2-15 Handicrafts………………………………………………..……………………..…66 4-2-16 Souvenirs……………………………………………………………………..………67 4-3 Natural attraction of Qom province………………………………….………………68 4-3-1 Salt Lake………………………………………………………..…………………67 4-3-2 Huze- Sult Lake………………………………………………..………………….67 7 4-4 Tourism Facilities and Equipment of Qom province…………………………………68 4-5 Residing and service Facilities……………………………….………………………..72 4-6 postal and transmition facilities…………………………………..……………..…….74 4-7 bank facilities in Qom……………………………………………………..…………..75 4-8 effects of tourism industry in Qom…………………………………………………..76 4-9 Quality and Quantity of tourism……………………………………………………..76 4-10 characteristics of tourism in Qom…………………………………….…………….77 4-11 having the common goal of pilgrim……………………………….………..……..77 4-12 goal of traveling to Qom……………………………………..………………………78 4-13 short term residence………………………………………………………………….78 4-14 Qom international tourism…………………………………………………..……….79 4-15 tourism seasonality…………………………………………………………..……….80 5-1 Limitations and Problems of Tourism Development…………………………………102 5-1-1 lack of statistic and information………………………………………….…….102 5-1-2 Tourism policies instability…………………………………………………….102 5-1-3 Transportation problems………………………………………………….……103 5-1-4 Lack of advertisement and official problems………………………………….104 5-1-5 Problems and shortages of hotels, motels, tourism facilities