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Transactions 52-5 TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF MINING ENGINEERS. VOL. IV. MAY, 1875, TO FEBRUARY, 1876. EASTON, PA.: PUBLISHED BY THE INSTITUTE, AT THE OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY, LAFAYETTE COLLEGE. PHILADELPHIA: SHERMAN & CO., PRINTERS. CONTENTS. PAGE OFFICERS AND MEMBERS,.......................................................................v-xx RULES, ................................................................................................... xxi DOVER MEETING, May, 1875,........................................................................3 CLEVELAND MEETING, October, 1875,........................................................... 9 WASHINGTON MEETING, February, 1876....................................................... 1 8 DOVER MEETING. Repairing the Upper Part of a Furnace Lining, without Blowing Out. By FRANK FIRMSTONE, ....................................................................29 On the Use of Natural Gas for Puddling and Heating, at Leechburg, Penn- sylvania. By A. L. HOLLEY, C.E.,...................................................... 32 The Swansea Silver Smelting arid Refining Works of Chicago. By .J. L. JERNEGAN, JR., M.E., ...........................................................................35 Fires in Mines. Their Causes and the Means of Extinguishing Them. By RlCHARD P. ROTHWELL, M.E.........................................................................54 CLEVELAND MEETING. Some Pressing Needs of Our Iron and Steel Manufacture. By A. L HOL- LEY,C.E.,............................................................................................................ 77 Coking Indiana Block Coal. By JOHN S. ALEXANDER,..........................99 Furnace Hearths. By GEORGE ASMUS, ...............................................................101 Memoranda Relating to two Ninety-feet Chimneys for Siemens Heating Furnaces, at the Edgar Thomson Steel Works. By P. BARNES, ................. 105 The Mass Copper of Lake Superior Mines and the Method of Mining it. By Professor WILLIAM P. BLAKE, ..............................................................................1 1 0 Notes on the Occurrence of Siderite at Gay Head, Mass. By Professor W ILLIAM P. BLAKE, ................................................................................................112 On Evidence of Streams during the Deposition of the Coal. By JOHN F. BLANDY, .............................................................................................1 13 On the Compression of Gases. By CHARLES F. BRUSH, M.E., .................. 116 The Velocity of Blast-Furnace Gases. By JOHN A. CHURCH, E.M., .........119 Comparisons of Blast-Furnace Results. By FRANK FIRMSTONE, ..........125 Comparison of Results from Open-Topped and Closed-Topped Furnaces. By FRANK FIRMSTONE........................................................................ 128 Bessemer Converter Bottoms. By ROBERT F ORSYTH,............132 What is Steel? By A. L. HOLLEY, C.E., ...........................................................138 IV CONTENTS. PAGE Improved Bessemer Plant. By John B. Pearse...................................149 Iron and Carbon, Mechanically and Chemically Considered. By John B. Pearse,.................................................................................... ........157 Blast-Furnace Hearths and In-Walls. By E. C. Pechin, . ....................178 The World's Product of Silver. By R. W. Raymond, Ph.D., . ............ 186 The Mahoning Valley Coal Regions. By Andrew Roy, ....................188 WASHINGTON MEETING. The Inadequate Union of Engineering Science and Art. By A. L. Hol- ley, C.E., ...................................... '........................................ ........191 Suspended lot-Blast Stoves. By John Birkinbine, ............................... 208 Determination of Phosphorus in Iron and Steel. By Andrew A. Blair, 212 Note upon the Manufacture of Ferro-Mangnnese in Austria. By Professor William P. Blake,............................................................................217 On the Percentage of Iron in Certain Ores. By Professor Albert H. Chester,.................................................................................. ........219 Blast-Furnaec Statistics. By John A. Church, E.M.,.......................... 221 Bruckner Cylinders. By N. H. Conk, M.E................................. ........226 Diatomaceous Sands of Richmond, Virginia. By Martin Coryell,.... 230 Railway Resistances. By P. H. Dudley, C.E.,............................ ........232 Report of the Committee on Railway Resistances, ..............................239 Industrial Researches upon Heat and Combustion. By P. H. Dudley, C.E.,....................................................................................... .......248 Refractory Materials. By T. Egleston, Ph.D.,............................ .......257 Canfleld's Mineral Dresser. By T. Egleston, Ph.D., . .......................273 Boston and Colorado Smelting Works. By T. Egleston, Ph.D., . ........ 276 The Brown Coals of Utah and Adjoining Territories. By H. Engel- mann, M.E., ........................................................................... .......298 The Midlothian, Virginia, Colliery, in 1876. By Oswald J. Heinrich, .308 The Worthington Compound Duplex Pressure Pump, at the Bessemer Works of the Albany and Rensselaer Iron and Steel Company, Troy, New York. By Robert W. Hunt,.......................................... .......317 The Cornwall Iron Mine and some Related Deposits in Pennsylvania. By T. Sterry Hunt, LL D., F.R.S.,................................................ .......319 A New Ore of Copper and its Metallurgy, By T. Sterry Hunt, LL.D., F.E.S..............................................................................................325 What Steel Is. By Professor Frederick Prime, Jr., . .328 The Spathic Iron Ores of the Hudson River. By R. W. Raymond, Ph.D , 339 The Mints and Assay Offices of Europe. By Pierre de P. Ricketts, E.M., Ph.D............................................................................. ........343 Description of a Double Muffle Furnace, designed for the Reduction of Hydrous Silicates containing Copper. By Professor B. Silliman,...350 The Use of the Magnetic Needle in Searching for Magnetic Iron Ore. By Professor J. C. Smock,........................................................... ........353 The Manufacture of Ferro-Manganese in Georgia. By Willard P. Ward,..................................................................................... .......362 The Effect of Manganese in Bessemer Metal. By Dr. August Wendel, 364 The Cedar Point Iron Company's Furnace, No. 1, at Port Henry, Essex County, New York, By T. F. Witherbee, ............................ .......369 OFFICERS. MAY, 1876. A B E A M S. HEWITT, 17 Burling Slip, New York City. F R A NK F I E MS T O N E , ................................................ Easton, Pa. EDMUND C. PECHIN, .............................................. Dunbar, Pa. RICHARD P. ROTHWELL............................................... New York City. (Term expires May, 1877.) W I L L I A M P . B L A K E , .............................................. New Haven, Conn. ECJKEY B. COXE, ........................................................ Drifton, Jeddo P. 0., Pa. ROSSITEP. W. RAYMOND ......................................... New York City. (Term expires May, 1878.) JOHN S. ALEXANDER, ...................................... Philadelphia, Pa. THOMAS S. BLAIR, ............................................. Pittsburgh, Pa. B. W. FRAZIER, ................................................... Bethlehem, Pa. (Term expires May, 1877.) ANTON EILERS,................................................... New York City. OSWALD J. HEINRICH ...................................... Midlothian, Va. JOHN C. SMOCK,.................................................. New Brunswick, N. J. (Term expires May, 1878.) ROBERT W. HUNT, ................................................... Troy, N. Y. J . S . N E W B E R R Y , ...................................................... New York City. THOMAS F. WITHERBEE,........................................ Port Henry, N. Y. (Term expires May, 1879.) Stmlsrg. Crcssimr. THOMAS M. DROWN, THEODORE D. RAND, Lafayette College, Easton, Pa. 17 S. Third Street, Philadelphia. 6 HONORARY, LIFE, AND FOREIGN MEMBERS. Honorary Members DAVID THOMAS,........................................ Catasauqua, Pa. I. LOWTI?IAN BULL....................................Washington, Durham, Eng. L. GRUNER, ................................................. Paris, France. PETER RICTUS V. TUNNER,...................... Leoben, Austria. RICH. AKERMAN, ....................................... Stockholm, SWEDEN. Life Members. GEORGE ATTWOOD,............................................ Salt Lake City, Utah. JOHE E. PLATER, ..........................................Eureka, Nevada. JOSEPH SQUIRE,.................................................. Helena, Shelby Co., Ala. T. F. WITHERBEE,.............................. ..........Port Henry, Essex Co., N. Y. HENRY 15. WRIGLEY,........................................ Titusville, Pa. Foreign Members. ALTHANS, OBERBERGRATH ERNST F.,........Breslau, Prussia. AMIOT, ..................Clermont-Ferrand, Puy de D6me, France. ARBEL, LUCIEN, ...............................Rive de Gier, Loire, France. BEAULIEU, AD. LE HARDY DE,............93 Rue d'Arlon, Brussels, Belgium. BEAUMONT, MAJOR FRED.,.2 Westminster Chambers, VICTORIA ST., LONDON. BECK, ALEXANDER,...2 Rue Des Orphelins, Mons, Belgium.
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