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[Pennsylvania County Histories] REFE1 {ENCE srff i COLLEl !1TI0NS J? G- SJA ?~r y-. P 3<fC// v. y-A- MA.RK TWA.HSTS 6QQK. PATENT 281.657. TRADE MARKS: UNITED STATES. GREAT BRITAIN. Registered No. 5,896. Registered No. 15,979. DIRECTIONS. Use but little moisture, and only on the gummed lines. Press the scrap on without wetting it. DANIEL SLOTE & COMPANY, NEW YORK. UV Page W w XYZ NfViPPV of this letter be made known to whoever ! should appear to be the head Chief of the Indians inhabiting this region. In view of these facts the “Britannica” can not be From, charged with error; but in the “Supple¬ ment” (of five volumes) to the edition is¬ sued in this country by Hubbard Brothers in 1885, there is a single error which is cal¬ culated to destroy confidence in the whole five volumes. This consists in the state¬ ment, in a sketch of Robert J. Walker, that he was Secretary of State under Pres¬ ident Polk. Considering the figure cut in the politics of the country by the “Walker Tariff” of 1846, neither a writer for an En¬ cyclopedia nor a proof-reader for a pub¬ lishing house can be excused for not know¬ ing that Robert J. Walker was Secretary of the Treasury. & Reminiscent and | But errors in works pertaining to our local history are what it is my purpose to write about. '^'Historical Corner. $ On page 31 of McCauley’s History of Franklin county, where incursions of In¬ dians into this section are set forth, this statement is made: “On the 3d of July, 1754, large numbers of the Indians of the ERRORS IN HISTORICAL WORKS. west acted with the British troops in the capture of the Colonial forces under Colo¬ nel George Washington at Fort Necessity, To be of value historical works need to and they were mainly instrumental in be accurate. They should not only be care¬ causing the defeat of General Braddock in fully written but carefully printed, for if an July, 1755.” If McCauley wrote this just error goes out in a book which obtains a as it stands, he made a slip of the pen wide circulation, that book becomes the which the proof-reader should have dis¬ j disseminator of false information and mis¬ covered and marked. As all who are con¬ leads a multitude. versant with the events referred to are well Historical works of note generally are aware, the troops to whom Washington accurate, but some of considerable preten¬ surrendered Fort Necessity were French, sion contain errors which impeach their not British. The error is calculated to give reliability. The regular edition of the En- beginners in history a wrong start. j cyclopedia Britannica is perhaps not open On page 25 McCauley says: “McCord’s to criticism, though in its chronological fort, neaT Parnell’s Knob, was captured by chapter it contains a statement which the Indians on or about the 4th of April, sounds strangely in this part of the world: 1756, and burned, and all the inmates, “1755. General Braddock’s expedition twenty-seven in number, were either killed against the French in Canada; he is defeat¬ or carried into captivity.” On page 32 he ed and killed, July 9.” And what is very says: “In April, 1756, McCord’s fort, near singular, the “Britannica” does not men- Powell’s Knob, as already stated, was cap- |tion the expedition of General Forbes, j tured by the Indians, and all the inmates, which, resulting as it did in the capture of twenty-seven in number, were either killed Fort Dequesne, was far more important or carried into captivity.” The error is in than Braddock’s. the name given to the Knob in page 32. j Braddock’s march was through northern J It should be Parnell’s as printed in page 25. ;Virgima, western Maryland and south¬ There are mistakes in names in the same western Pennsylvania. But in the early i work. The most glaring of these is on .days of the white settlement of the north¬ page 255, where it is printed in three pla¬ ern part of North America, the name of ces that Samuel Dechart was Director j Canada was applied to a much larger scope of the Poor in 1830,1831 and 1832. I do not of country than has been called by that believe there ever was a man named name in the past century and a half. In Samuel Dechart in Franklin county. Dan¬ 1681, the year before he himself came to iel Dechert, who was for a long lifetime his Province, "William Penn sent over with one of the best-known residents of Cham- his Deputy Governor a letter addressed bersburg, and who died in 1862 in the 83d “To the Emperor of Canada,” informing j year of his age, was Director of the Poor him of the grant he had received from the | for the three years above mentioned. King of England and his desire to be on The sketch of Franklin county contain- friendly terms with the Emperor and his I ed in Dr. Egle’s History of Pennsylvania people. It was designed that the contents ! is an excellent one, but its opening para- & Tuscarora, went with Bedford graph is marked by errors which I cannot terms of the act erecting that county, but understand how its highly intelligent wri¬ was set over to Franklin in the year 1798. ter happened to fall into. It reads as fol¬ The date (1759) assigned to the act ere- lows: ating Cumberland, by the writer of the “Qn the 27th of January, 1759, Lancaster sketch of Franklin county, might be set county was divided by act of Assembly, down as a mere typographical error, if it and the southern division thereof erected had not been followed by the statement into a new county, to which the name of that the limits of Cumberland had remain¬ Cumberland was given, with the town of ed unchanged until Franklin was stricken Carlisle as the seat of justice. Fora quar¬ j off, “a quarter of a century” later. From ter of a cent.ury the county of Cum¬ I 1759 to 1784 would measure a quarter of a berland, thus constituted, remained century. But Cumberland was erected in intact, when the wants of the stead¬ 1750 and was twice cut down before the ily thriving dwellers on Conococheague, Franklin cut was made, the first (Bedford) the inhabitants of the southwestern cut taking off half the territory of the portion of Cumberland, led them to petition the General Assembly of 1784 whole Province. There is another error in the sketch of! that their territory might be named Franklin county, which, though not im¬ a new county. ® '* In compliance there¬ portant, may as well be referred to. “Sto-1 with, the General Assembly, on the 9th of ny Batter” is described and “the ruins of April, 1784, passed an act allowing certain the southern and western portions of Cum¬ two log cabins’ ’ are referred to, and it is added: “Many years ago a Scotch trader, berland, * * to be erected into a new dwelt in one of these cabins, and had a county, to be named Franklin.’’ This extract abounds in errors. If Cum¬ store in the other, where he drove a small. but profitable traffic with the Indians andj berland had not been erected till 1759, and her territory had remained intact till frontiersmen, who came down the moun- Franklin was erected in 1784, “a quarter of tain,” &c., &c. This trader was named j a century” would have elapsed as stated. James'Bachanan, and, as the sketch cor- | But Cumberland was erected in 1750 and rectly states, he was the father of the fif¬ Franklin over thirty-four years later. And teenth President of the United States. But instead of remaining intact, Cumberland he was not Scotch, unless nearly all the was shorn of by far the greater portion of settlers in the Cumbarland Valley at that . her territory before Franklin was created. time could be so-called, and I may add Bedford was formed in 1771, with bounda¬ that he was^not a very early settler here. ries “beginning where the Province line He was born in Ireland and came to Penn¬ crosses the Tuscarora mountain, and run¬ sylvania from Donegal in 1783, and located ning along the summit of said mountain to at Stony Batter in that or the succeeding the gap near the head of Path valley, year. I doubt about his having traded thence with a north line to the Juniata; with Indians to any extent. The Indians thence with the Juniata to the mouth of had gone west of the Allegheny river— Shaver’s creek: thence northeast to the nearly all of them beyond the limits of Penn¬ line of Berks county; thence along "the sylvania—and the traffic at Stony Batter Berks county line north-westward to the was with white men, the “Packers” whose western boundaries of the Province,” &c., famous Path is visible there to this day. &c. That the father of President Buchanan This line started at the Maryland line on i was a native of Ireland I can state on the the eastern side of the Little Cove, (War¬ i authority of the President himself, and ren township), and passed on top of the here I may relate one of a number of in¬ Tuscarora to the gap beyond Concord, stances in which he referred to this fact in whence it ran north through the west end conversing with myself.
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