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Union town nbw stands, passed out of the county down Grassy Run. From this M KM W A UK 15. main trail, at a point a little south ol Georges Creek, there started off a tributary path known as the “Warrior Branch ” A HALF-B3ESD WITH AN INTER- which crossed the Cheat and Mouon^a. ESTING- HISTORY. heia rivers Into Virginia. I - Nemaeolon’s trail Joined the other at a point in Westmoreland county, runniu<- I The Early Records of the County together as far south as Mt. Braddock” Should be Preserved. then Nemacolon’s trail took a southeast¬ erly course, by way of Gnat Meadows Into Maryland. A great ileal of theeaily history of Fay¬ The settlers made a shot ter path, start- ette county has been lost, that ought to lug at a point where Morgantown now have been presented, and occasionally a stands, or often from a point now called fragment of the history Is remembered, Haydentowu, where afterwards Phil Vic¬ j and still told by the descendants of the tor built a furnace and inrde an Inferior •old settlers who have passed away. Judge k.nd of iron. This path was oallod the I Veech has proservid many of these Inci¬ “Ridge Road.” keeping on high land near dents, and yet many are being lost by the sSmithfleld, and passing to the Redstone death of our old citizens. The following country by way of McCleiinndtown, aud is I,hit of history is remembered by only a few stlil called the “Ridge Road.” of the older people of German township : No tribe of Indians ever ilved in Fayette Very early settlements were made In the county as a permanent home, although county, on Provlns’ bottom, at Lock No 7- , at tbe mouth of Redstone, near where many different and parts of tribes passed Brownsville now stands, further down the and repassed through the county. river end on Pigeon creek, in Washington About the year 1740 or ’50, a small part of I county. Notwithstanding the Ring of a tribe came annually from the Redstone I England had warned the settlers ,‘rom ! country (supposed to belong to the Indians i crossing the mountains on pain of being who acknowledged old Nemacilon ns their executed, “without benefit of clergy,” and chief) and stayed during the summer and [ Governor Penn had strictly forbidden set¬ | until late In the fall, on the high table- tlers to occupy the land west of the Alle¬ j land on the farm now belonging to the gheny mountains “without first buying it I heirs of Elias Parshall, known as the ‘Hill \ Farm.” They encamped on a part of the of the Indians,” many hardy pioneers ventured across, and were not molested j farm now known ns the ‘'fort field.” j by the red men. They wore accused of I Why they annually came there and stayed i killing two men in a cabin near New until late autumn, no one seems now to Salem, known as the “Burnt Cabin,” and know, unless to hunt and fish. The view from this ‘•fort field,” looking south and the small stream near by is still called the “Burnt Cabin” branch of Dunlap’s Creek, east, Is grand In the extreme Perhaps no but as no proof could bo established that finer view Is t > be seen In Western Penn- the Indians committed the crime, I think Jsylvanla. Another view, looking west, Is that they are entitled to the benefit of ; also very beautiful. That they encamped the doubt. The settlers, generally, came jhere for warlike purposes, is unlikely, as across the rnountains—most frequently the field has no water except a lezy spring, coming by way of the " Three Mile ! that puts out far down the slope. The Springs ” to Haydeutown — then they nearest water of any moment was “Mtd- started in companies to find homes in j die Run,” a mile to the west. Thera seems or near ihe different, settlements to be no doubt tbolr ubj -ct was to hunt aud In the spring of 1758, early In May, John fish, aud so prepare their annual supply of Moorwood and his wife (* .delloate, ner¬ ! Jaik and dried fish for the winter. vous woman with their three children, two Just above tbe mouth of Middle Run,' boys and one girl, toe boyB aged seven aud on the Monongahela river, was their fish¬ nine and the girl thirteen years old. Tue ' ing place, and before the damming of the girl s name was Anunette. The names of river, could be seen the “Pictured Rocks,” the boys have been lost,) with several as they were snJ are still called—some j neighbors, crossed the mountains half dozen very large flat rocks, their tops j by the "Three Mile Springs” trail and covered with Indian signs and hieroglyph¬ stopped at Haydontown. Failing to agree ics—but now covered with water, since the where they would locate, Moorwood being building of tbe dams. of an Impulsive nature, determined to push These Indians came annually until the vuiiKCTuciea a settlers beoame too thick for the game, rude cart„made by sawing the wheels seven whea they left, and have never been seen Inches broad Irom the end of a largo syca¬ slnco—but muscle shells, Indian stone more log. A wooden axle and thills with hatchets, fliDt arrow heads, still to be a rur.el.ien bid completed the vehicle. found lu the field, prove conclusively that On this he put his worldly possessions, con¬ they once were there. sisting of a few bed clothes, an iroD pot and A noted Indian trail, known as the war¬ some pewter dishes, knives, forks Ac. path ef the Six Nations, crossed the coun¬ He started from Haydontown in the ear¬ try Irom the mouth of Bushy Run, on ly part of May, The first nignt they campnp- Jacob’s Creek, and ruuulng Dear where 13 them late in the fall to their winter home, I ed near where Old Frame church now returning in the spring when the Irlbere- I stands and the next nlghtr about % mile north of McOlellandlown on land now call- turued to the " fort field-” Annette had an Indian lover. “Menewau I td the “Polly Lancaster” farm. This place ke ” one of the bravest of that trlbo. She I is a short mile Irom the old Indian camp was a Willing listener to bis tale of love, on the “foitfleld” spoken about. A deep ravine separates the two ridges of land. (the same old story, told In all and all nations, tribes, kindred and tougues. The night was beautiful. Toe full Moon and understood, no matter In what lan¬ early appeared above the crest of the mountains filling the whole valley of the guage It is told). Beneath the moonlit shadows of the forest king. Menewauke Monongabela with its soft, silvery and claimed boras his own. According to In¬ mellow light. The family of Moorwool early retired to rest, being tired by the dian lashlon, they were married in the day’B traveling. The camp fire of the Bet beautiful month of June. Annette was happy, and the wild, roving life of the In¬ lerand his family attracted the attention of the Indians In the fort which was In dians just suited her tmpetuous nature. On sight. About the turn of the night, some the second annual visit after her marrlcge, eighteen or twenty of the braves came Annette gave birth to a son. The young across to reconnoilre the camp, P'lnding papoose wife welcomed not only by Men- j ewauke aDd his mother, but by Ibe whole all asleep, they raised the yell and sur¬ rounded the awakened family. As no tribe, and was a great favorite with all of trouble from the Indians was anticipated, them. The boy took the Dame of his father, no precautions had been taken and so the Menewauke; the meaning of which is family were taken wholly by surprise. "Great Fortune ” The summer young The Indians took the whole family with ! Menewauke was four years old, was an the cart and started across the ravine (cov¬ eventful cue in his life. Late In the fall, a ered thickly with the common maple or slight snow having fallen, tracks of a bear : sugar tree) to their fort on the other hill. were seen leading Into Wolf Den Hollow. The cart was abandoned on the little level I nearly opposite the spot where the house of plot of ground Immediately below where Commodore Freeman now stands, on Mid the orchard of Joslah B. Crow now stands. die Run This hollow 1b located on the The Iron pot was among the things that | farm of Levi Brown, and still bears the were left, Many years after, Jacob Riffle, name of Wolf Den Hollow. an old hunter who lived near, came across A party of Iudians were soon seen to en¬ the Iron pot and it was long a mystery how ter this hollow ; among them was Menew¬ It came there. The cart had rotted away auke. They followed the tracks for nearly one-half mile, when the bear was brought and the only thing left was the pot. Riffle to bay’ umler a ledge of rpeks. Fire brands ■ kept it until bis death and It may still be seen at the homo of one of his grandsons, were thrown under, until the bear, enraged f This was a terrible blow to John Moor- by the fire, made a dash at his pursuers. i wood, as he was so inteuton settling his Menewauke, in endeavoring to run baok family on a farm In the "far west.” But from the iufurlated beast, was tripped by he wisely kept his thoughts to himself. the loose stones of wblpb the hollow lies Mrs. Moorwood suffered most from fear, covered, and falling to the ground, before owing to her nervous nature. The Indians he could regain his feet,the bear was upon treated them kindly, for a few days and hltn, and before bis companions could res the settlers began to feel more at ease. On cue him, be was mangled and torn by the the morning of the fourth day after their | teeth and claws of the (savage brute In a capture, the Indians started to the river to | frlglitiul manner. The bear was soon fish, taking with them Moorwood and the killed, and the companions of Menewauke I two boys. They returned in the evening starltd to carry him to tbelr camp, but he 1 without them. They refused to answer the died at about the spot where the black¬ anxious enquires of Mrs, Moorwood, made smith forge of Samuel Haney now stands, to them by signs and otherwise as best she and he was hastily burled on a little knoll could. Annette and her mother never of land Just across the ran from where he saw them again and their fate can only be i died, on the farm of Petpr Crp.go, and hla guessed at. ADuette seemed to lake to Ibe grave 13 still pointed outrb.v passers by. ways of the Indians from the first and soon There Is a superstition among the In¬ became a great favorite with them. Poor dians, that any Iudian killed in the chase, Mrs. Moorwood! The loss of her husband Is being punished for some crime com¬ and two sons proved too much for her deli¬ mitted at some time against his tribe, and cate frame, A burning fever soon sot In Is under the influence of the evil spirit, and sbe only lived a fortnight. Her and cau never enter the happy hunting grave. Indistinctly marked, may still be grounds after death, and must be burled seen in the ‘ Birch woods" on the farm of out of sight at once; and that all of his rela¬ James A. Weltner, tions are cursed, and must be driven out The death of ihe mother left Annette of the tribe. This accounts for the hasty burial of Menewauke. alone with the tribe. .She seemed to like But the sad stquel was this: Annette her Indian companions, and soon learned and her boy were looked upon,us cursed, their language and ways, thus securing by the remaining members of Ibe tribe, their favor, so that they looked on her with and sbe was soon made aware of her posi¬ great respect and pride. _Sbe went with tion ; for on the return of the Indians from aWEf.'' ,
the bear hunt., and in answer to her anx- a 'ortuhe and ever lifter ,"that.,Jhe went~ by icus luquliies about her husband, they that name. told her ho was a bad brave, and she was The tribe of Indians, strange to say, never after that eventful fall, visited the bad brave’s squaw, and must ^ »ld.*'&>rt»,p«l3” and that ends, so far as we and take her young papoose wlW**bor. •• I J She soou realized her terrible* po*4Merf» • History in Fayette oounty. for the Indians sbunued her and made her Barney Fortune* naturally lived in_hhe life miserable In every way. In qfgssidays . neighborhood of Middle Ruu. Ho grew to miafijroA, siraigtwt as an arrow and very after the death of Menewauke,‘itieUr&e l • ^ • • • m 9 tk • •tajlf • He was«a fine marksman and would hastily left their camp In the “f&rt iei'd?’. I • v n s A a a m ^ and went back to their winter quarters, disdain to pick up a squirrel not shot leaving Annette and her boy behind', sup through the head. He was a quiet man, I posing they would ft etze or starve In the never touching ‘‘fire water.” He was In¬ ! cornlDg winter, now fast approaching. A dustrious and noted as a careful, neat lew days after they left, she also started In farmer; He could lay out corn rows the same direction. Having travelled the stralgbter than any of his neighbors. He road often, she had no difficulty In follow¬ married a daughter of Joseph Flawner, ing the trail. Sae found, when she reached (a white woman.) Flawner was a revolu¬ S I the Redstone country, that her tribe bad tionary soldier and sold his land warrant - i gone farther down the river than usual. to William Parshall E*q..and with the pro¬ evidently Intending to conceal their ceeds he bought two acres of land, on the ] whereabouts. Heartbroken, she lingered farm now owned by David Keener, buying I about the place, to which she was accus¬ the right only for the lifetime of himself tomed, for a few days, and endeavored to I and wife and at their death the land re¬ find some one with whom she might find verted to the Keeners. 1 winter quarters for herself and son. A few Fortune lived in the neighborhood of tbo L white families had settled where Browns¬ “fort field” seeming to wish to he near the ville now stands aDd the number increased place of his boy hood. He lived to be an rapidly, so that the place soon took on the old man , honest and honorable In his deal air of a town. - legs with his neighbors, having their con¬ A few oolored people formed a little set¬ fidence to such a degree, that they often tlement across Dunlap’s creek and it was referred their disputes to him for settle- called ‘-Scrabble Town.” (now Luzerne men t and his decision was al wayR satisfac¬ village) Annette applied for help Irom tory to all concerned. the white population of Brownsville, but In his old days he became silent and his the dark color of her boy was sufficient ex¬ mind seemed to wander back to the earlier cuse. lu the eyes of the good people of that scenes of his eventful life. He died some model little tewu, to reluse to receive her ten or fifteen ye.-.rs ago, in Luzerne town¬ and her son. In vain she told her story ship, where many of his decendauts now I truthfully. In vain she pleaded the wid¬ live, respected and honorable. ow’s cause. In vain she told them her RELIGION OF THE BLAINES. j cause was Just. In holy horror the good
people held up their hands and drove her One Who Knows the Family Well, .lames from their virtuous doors. G. was Reared a Catholic.. But she did not appeal In vain to the col- From the New York World. 1 ored people of Scrabble Town. ‘Old Sybactjsh, N. Y., March 30—“What do I Auntie Marks,” took them In and shared you know of James G. Blaine’s religious be¬ 0 her humble cabin with them. But the suf- lief?” was asked the Ilev. L. A. Lambert, j ferlng which she had endured, proved too pastor of the Catholic chureh of Waterloo, u | much lor poor Annette. Heartbroken she and author of “Notes on Ingersoll.” e soon went Into ja deep melanc-holy. Her a thoughts seemed to be on her troubles all “Well,” be answered, “I know all the the time ; she seldom spoke, except when Blaines. I grew up with them anil we have aroused by good old ‘‘Aunty Marks.” As always been the best of friends. My father 1 the spring approached she seemed to go was one of the pioneer Catholics of Western e[ faster, and when May came again, to call Pennsylvania, where he settled, near Browns¬ s ! back the slDglng birds, the green grass and I ! lovely flowers—Annette called her boy, ville, away back in the twenties. He had Menewauke, to her lowly couob and bade close relations with old Ephraim L. Blaine. j him good bye—praying the good spirit to The intimacy between the parents had its i- I remove the curse pronounced by the tribe counterpart in the friendship between tho I | on him, and asking that ho might at last children of both families. At the time to enler the happy bunting grounds of the which I refer Jim had grown up and was J good braves. away at school. I did not know him very Thus, with only blessings on him. well as a boy, but saw him during tho visits i- j Annette, the loving and confiding child ,of which he made to Brownsville. Mrs. Blaino it John Moorwood, loft the world for the was a Gillespie. Her family was among the 1 home beyond. Menewauke, now alone In most prominent in that part of tho state. [ the world.naturally made his home among They were earnest Catholics.” f ! his colored friends and gradually adopted “Were the children of Ephriam and Maria I, the English of his nam\ Fortune, for his Blaine brought up in the faith professed by I own and finally called himself, Barnet their mother ?” Fortune, which finally ohanged to Barney “To be sure they were.” o - }th boys and girls ?” » \ both boys and girls—at least that is «, &hy I would have answered your ques- if what I believe to bo tjij faelj Jiac^ never been disputed." /• ; ; .*• ;• \ • “Publicity has been gyveip; •.*». statement made by Gen. J. 13. Sweitzer, now of Pittsburg and formerly of Brownsville, tp. the effect that the elder Mr^and* Myst BJjivG
had an understanding whereby iliejgirl.f 9 9 « • ® ® #• : mu, to be brought up Catholics ancl*tho boys Protestants. Do you know anything as to that?” “I knew Mrs. Blaine intimately, andknow- AN OLD LANDMARK. ing her as I did I am sure she would have resented as a gross insult any imputation such trifiSi1 BtllOK BUILDING ERECTED as is conveyed in General Sweitzer’s state¬ ment.. Furthermore, leaving religious con¬ IN UNIONTOWN siderations aside, I know that her pride would have revolted at anything like a com¬ promise of principles. If there ever was an Stands Today Firm and Erect—Some ln- understanding of the kind mentioned it was terestSoK Anecdotes About Its Build¬ not, so far as I am aware, personally or by er, Owners and Many of Its Occu¬ hearsay, given practical eil'ect. I never had, until comparatively reemt years, the slight¬ pants—As Old As the Government est. reason to suspect that the Blaine family, Itself and Seven Years Older than boys and girls alike, had not been brought up Uniontown Borough—A Keirospect. in the Catholic faith. Why, .John Blaine and 1 used to serve mass together in Elizabeth. The building now occupied by D. M. Hert- 1 The two elder brothers, one of whom was zog ar d Ira E. Partridge, Esqre., as a law James G., were away so much that I did not office was the first brick structure erected in see a great deal of them." Uuiontown. It was built in 1789, the year in “Do you doubt that they were brought up Catholics?" which Geoigc Washington took his seat as “I make no question that they, like their president of the United States, and though it brothers and sisters, were duly trained in has stood for 104 years it is still firm and well their mother’s faith. As regards James G., preserved. The walls are not cracked, nor is I have not the slightest doubt that the parish the mertar falling out. Neither do you see register at Brownsville will show him to have huge iron bais reaching from wall to wall to been baptized a Catholic. I am told upon hold them in their place as one Dot infrequent¬ what I consider excellent authority that he made his first communion, and 1 have it ly sees iu some of our more modern buildings.. from my own brother, who knew him well This old building stands on the north side of and is still counted among his friends that he Main street, just east of Dr J. B. Ewing’s! was confirmed at Brownsville iu the year residence and nearly opposite that of Hon. J. 1839, by Bishop Kendrick, of Philadelphia, i K. Ewing. It is so well preserved that 1he| afterwards Archbishop of Baltimore. I never j casual observer and mat y who pasB it daily do for a moment until recently doubted that he not, know that it has stood for over a century was a Catholic. Why, even his father, al¬ aud has seen all the other buildings around it, though once a Protestant, died a devout Catholic, having been confirmed about five and in fact in town, rise under the architect's years before his death.” h>ud while it was growiug old. Today it looks ■' “You do not regard Mr. Blaine as a man so firm, erect arid well preserved that one capable of allowing the hope of political would think it was not more than 20 years old preferment to determine his religious bias ?” at the most. True several now roofs have pro-| . “A thousand times no. The five genera¬ teoied it from storm and weather and a heavy tions of his ancestry now reposing in Catho¬ coat of red paint serves to hide the decay of lic and Protestant cemeteries on either bank brick and mortar which time has undoubtedly of the Monongahela I almost think would rise from their graves and cry him shame if wrought, yet the old building looks very much he could be guilty of turpitude such as that. like the. other brick buildings of town. The blood of the Gillespies has never yet By appointment I met Daniel Downer, Esq., I flowed through the veins of a knave. They the present owner of the old building, and E j are and ever were a proud, generous-minded, B. Dawson, E-q , at the home of the former on j Ligh-souled race. Dishonor never touohed North Gallatin avenne Thursday afternoon. ■ them even with a breath. With tho spirit of Seated iu the library of Mr. Downer’s home ! that family to prompt and its traditions to these two gentlemen, both of whom have out-1 I guide, I believe in my heart that James G. [ Blaine -would rather forfeit the presidency of lived the allotted three score and ten years, the United States than forfeithis self-respect. related to me many interesting stories asso- j I believe he is still a Catholic, and if he dated with the old building. They are both j should be asked the question plainly he great readers, and close observers and ore would, I am sure, either refuse to answer on both the possessors of remarkable memories, the ground that it is his own business or say events and institutions of a quarter of a outright that he is a Catholic. He is not, I Jtory ago or even a half a century are ss repeat, a knave.”
Tttv. t „„ — -803, Jonathan Rowland was made 'ou'pletely at their possession as those o . a . |jnprice of the 1st (Union) district and he held '° p 3 . he very beginning of rear to most of us. At .he very ow that position for 26 years.' During all the*© he interview Mr Downer said 1 would have to yeais he had his office in this old buildiDg and ly the most upon Mr. Dawson’s reminis¬ dealt out justice to his follow townsmen in the cence, “for,” said he, “Ido not remember room now converted into a hall. Th3 build¬ as much as he does, for you see I am six wev ing took its name from him and the older peo¬ the vouurer.” Mr. Dawson said: ple all know what you meaD if you speak of hui! d;ng, which is known as the Rowland house, I the Rowland house. was erected in 1789. I will tell you howl The property descended to Thos. R., Ca:o Low St Geo. Ebbert moved to this town line and Catharine Griffith, children of Chas.. Vom Hagerstown, Md., and settled down here G. Griffith, who sold it to Darnel Downer Esq,, That was in 1789. Iu'November of that r iu 1851. Mr. Downer has kept possesson of it aid title of father was strengthened by the ap¬ ever since. This famous old building dttrirg pearance of an infant child in the family. the century ol its existence has been the heme This child grew up and when she had become of scores of people and from within its walls a woman married Dr. Dorsey and they after¬ two newspapers have been sent out to gladdsD ward moved to Morgantown. She frequently the hearts of the towns folk. The American told me herself that she was born the year Banner was published in tbi3 building in 1832. that house was built.” The house which joins This journal was edited by Alfred Patterson, the Rowland house on the east and which .8 Esq , a prominent member of the bar of Fay¬ owned and occupied by Mrs. Ellen M. Ruby is ette county, andwas puclished as many of the. said to have been built in 1790. home even papersef that day were, as an advocate of the (claim that is older than the Rowland house. claims of Henry Clay to the presidency.. A 'a glance at the buildings will convince any year or two later the Democratic Shield, edited one that this is a mistake. The end of the by James Piper, afterwards register and re¬ lBuby hokse next to the Rowland building is corder, was published in this building. Mr. I not weatherboarded, the usual economy prac- Piper was also a member of the bar and issued ' iced by people who build up against another his paper in the interest of Henry A. Muhlen¬ Lading, while the brick work of the Rowland berg, candidate for governor on the Demo- building if as perfect on one side as the otffir. ’ cratic ticket. : The Rowland house was built by Joseph Mr. Dawson says he well remembers the H .ston, who was appointed sheriff of Fayette time when these papers were published in the next year after its erection, 1790. Al¬ tb-s building. Vivid;y before his eyes rises though Mr. Huston put up the structure the picture of Editors Patterson and Piper whi-h has withstood the wear and tear of over getting “stuff” in shape for the printer. Mr. a century ard was its first occupant be never Dawson’s father wrote many articles for both owned it. At least he never owned the prop¬ these papers, Mr. Dawson does not remem¬ erty on which it stood. Henry Beeson after ber the name of any of the type setters but;he the commonwealth of Pennsylvania was the h lg a vivid recollection of the times when they fiist owner of the land on which the build.ng stuck type there. At the time the American stands. He sold it to James Gregg in 1786. Banner was being published Miss Clark and 1 The deed given to Mr. Gregg contains the Mrs Connell were teaching school in town and iyL'h,_ : _ AMhflirnnm 8. He re- following peculiar clause: “And further, he, Mr Dawson was one ot their pupils. He re¬ members that by special arrangement cmrtmp ’the said James Gregg, his heirs or assignees $ articles welt) published weekly in the manner rnakiDg, erecting or building upon the said calculated to elevate and instruct the youch ot ilot of giound within the said town of Union that day. These article were read in mass by jat his or her proper costs or charges one good, tUltPter this the building was used as a private Substantial dwelling house of the dimensions r-ridence. It has been the home of people of lot 20 feet square at least, with a good chim- nearly aii ranks and professions, ministers, Ituy of brick or stone to be laid in or built lawyers? teachers, and as we have seen, edi"ore typos, public officers, ex-officers and 'with sand Within two years from the students, *?«» fact it has afforded protection ’first day of May next.” In accordance ;,o men and women of almost every walk in ’ wirh this very strange clause in the deed Joseph Huston began to build the house in the year 1789. The brick out of which it was Ijsjes sc A ■aarss made were made on North Gallatin avenue t sunjs-ss. near Walnut street. They were known as Ld’%longUfu 6Le lorffer^RowW “water brick,” a name derived from the pro- WlilinK «as occupied liJ Rev- Tipton ot tiio i 0f’8B of manufacturing. The property became the nossession of John Wood in 1782 Who .old it two years later to Jonathan Rowland. 1 Squire Rowland, as he was familiarly known, SHrarsa'a&K \ occupied the building until 1829 when he sold ssi' t ■jsr-'Sr^ lit to his son Thos. Rowland and his son-in-law 1 oh&s G Griffith a’.d moved to Wharton town¬ ship where he died in 1830. Upon the divis¬ ion of Fayette county into twelve justices dis- Issid where post mortem Tff&1S58 are not Stewart first, gave his guest a cup of the pure heard. .Mias Eliza Blaine, sister of the late la¬ wa’er and the latter drank heartily. He then mented James G. .Blaine, wka a pupil of Miss drew out a cup of the liquor and gave it to Cochran’s and shared her hospitality in the Calhoun and, after drinking it, the latter re¬ Rowland house. After retiring from the sher¬ marked that he preferred “the well water to iff's office) in 1846 Sheriff Morris occupied the the pure mountain water.” building for several yearB. Squire J. K Those who look at the old building today, McDonald, while prothonotary of the courts standing as it does, seeming to defy the decay from 1869 to 1875, lived here, and Capt. James of time and the sbo.k of storm, are convinced Whaley also called the ancient brick his home that the provision in the deed transferring for a number of years, as did also Peter A the property to James Gregg has been carried Johns who was register and recorder from 1851 out in the Strict sense of the word aDd that be ro ’54: and afterwards postmaster many years. did build “one good substantial dwelling Be had charge of the old posboffice on Broad house.” The builder of this structure was way where the Central hotel now stands when surely the wise man who built his house upon he died in 1876. A score or more other people the lock. The building today seems firm lived in the old Rowland house but It Is not enough to withstand the storms of mariy years necessary to name them hero. The last occu¬ to come. A. J. Johnson. pants prior to its occupancy by Messrs. Hert- zog and Partridge were Aiphus Beall and family. It is a remarkable fact that though this building has stood for over a century it From, has never been a year vacant. It is equally emarkable that it has never been on fire. The old building has been changed somewhat from the design of the architect who planned it *c (Fa/., Che entrance door from Main street instead of Seing at one end was first built in the middle. A window then admitted the light where ths door now stands and the door was first built where the lower middle window is at present.. By a glance at this middle window one can easily see the contour of the old door. As the build¬ ing stands today there are seven rooms and a hall; formerly there were eight rooms with a kitcheD and dining room of brick in the rear. These were torn down by Mr. Downer some George W. Rutter Has Been In Business time in the fifties. This old building has stood not like the light In Uniontown Since the Year of La¬ hous?t from its rocky base viewing thechange- l ss waste of wave-kissed blue, but has been a fayette’s Visit—He and Mrs. Rutter silent witness of the changing scenes of a cen¬ Have Been Married Over 60 Years. tury’s changeful events. Think of what it has seen! Ereoted the year George Washington One of the most remarkable men of Union- look nis seat as the first president of the United town is Mr. George W. Rutter, the venerable | States, the year the Constitution went iuto Main street grocer. No one in this town, ff.ct, six years after the organization of Fay¬ probably no one in the county, has been con¬ ette county and seven before Uniontown be¬ tinuously so long in business as he. Mr. es,me a borough. It was over a quarter of a cen¬ Rutter has just passed his 90th birthday, and tury old when the National pike was built here is yet hale and active, going to his store every in 1818 aod it beheld every stage coach th -.t day. His step is steady and his hand firm, ~x>d over that famous highway. It saw that and among the list of those who signed their j d>dous traffic dwindle and pine when tne names to the roll for the organization of the lorse puffed across the Allegheny mount- Uniontown historical eociety, none is written .‘Trtn Connecting the east and the west. It has in bolder, plainer hand than that of “Geo. W. -een all. the evolutions of household illumina- Ratter.” ion. At its erection the darkness within its What is still further interesting, Mr. Rutter wans was relieved by the tallow dip, this gave was married Dec. 26, 1826, to Mary Beeson, I way to the moulded candle which in turn was daughter of Henry Beeson, son of the founder | succeeded by carbon oil lampR. Then came of Uniontown, and the couple have lived hap¬ artificial and natural gas and today the bril¬ pily together for more than 66 years. Mrs. liant incandescent lights chase the darkne-s Rutter is at present very muoh indisposed trom the ancient chambers. It has however, as her many friends will learn with seen three court house towers rise and point regret, to the regions of unerring justice. Past its Mr. Rutter was born in Baltimore, Md., unchanging gaze four presidential processions March 25, 1803, and came to UniontowDln have swept on to Washington, D. C.; for it1 May, 1825, about one week before Gen. Lafay will be remembered that Jackson, Harrison, ette visited the county that was named for Polk and Taylor passed over the National pike him. He remembers Lafayette very well, aud to be inaugurated at Washington. It has seen recalls the grand reception given to him in many others whose names are written high on Uniontown and the party that accompanied ihe imperishable rock of the country’s records him on his visit to Albert Gallatin at Friend¬ Madison, Olay, J. Q Adams and Fayette’s own ship Hill, New Geneva. Mr. Rutter engaged proud leaders, Tariff Anriy Stewartand staunch in the mercantile business first, in a two-story old Albert Gallatin, all have passed in review brick buildiDg at the corner of Main and Mor¬ before thin old watcher. Gen. Latayette, too, gantown streets. That and a small frame were came before its gaze on his triumphal tour in all the buildings in that immediate vicinity, 1825 and'cold, logical, impassionate John C. Thomas Collins having before that kept tavern Oalhoun was reflected in its glassy eyes. By there. A few years afterwards Hon. Andrew the way, Mr. Dawson tells an anecdote of Cal¬ Stewart bought the entire lot, down as far as houn’s visit to town. While here he was the Beeson’s store, for $1800. Mr. Rutter was in guest of tariff Andy Stewart, for though business on 'hat corner when the famous Dr. political opponents, they were firm friends Braddee came here from Virginia. On one of socially, itewart took the old South Caroliniao Bis trips to Baltimore for goods he took $1000 out to his jpring on each side of which he had for Braddee to buy medicine with. Among a keg of ciJ oieo liquor buried from sight. Mr. the medicines was a peculiar herb. The Bal¬ w timore druggist said he did not have it but i could get it, The on!: Jit. X, na. In a few mo; No phyeician in Unionto £dL about it but Braddee. | From,... /A From 1825 to 1893—a period of 68 Mr. Butter has been continuously in V 'except for a year or two when he was J Geneva merchandising for Henry Meili was associated with Mr. Gallatin in the mi'iu- facure of glass. He has Deen of very regular and steady habits, and this partially aoeoiirite i ' for his being so well preserved. He used to chew and smoke tobacco but cat it off short in 1863 and has not used~it> since. Over f SOME CONGRATULATIONS. When Mr. Rutter reached his 90th milestone A Historic Old Home last month he was the recipient of maDy con gratulation?, including several from Pittsburg Erected in 1772. and Philadelphia houses with whom he hai had honorable business dealings for tnanj years. From ArbucklGS & Co., of whom he ONE OF FAYETTE’S NOTED MEN has been a customer for over 30 years, he re¬ ceived the following : Colonel Edward Cook, the Friend of JDear Mb. Butter:—We are indeed glad to Washington and Gallatin — His l?e able once more to congratulate you on Another birthday anniversary. There are in- Roof Sheltered the American i peed very few in these ‘.‘degenerate days,” as jsome call them, who attain to so good an age General and Other Noted Men of {as you have, and still fewer who have so good and firm a band for wielding a penas you. the Last Century, We are rather inclined to associate you with “The Grand Old Man” over in England, only that you have decidedly the advantaee of him [SPECIALLY PREPARED FOR THENEW6,] I jin years. We understand that Mr. Gladstone Situated in Washington township, this ^attributes much of his success in life, as well Jag much of his good health, to his good wife, county, is an old stone house around which and we have no doubt that Mrs. Butter is en¬ cluster the memories of more than a cen¬ titled to a large share of credit in your case; tury. The building is known as the “Cook so when we congratulate you on attaining so mansion” and was erected in 1772 by good an age and wish you many pieasaut re¬ turns of your birthday, we congratulate you Colonel Edward Cook, one of the earliest also on having secured away back in 1826 so settlers in Western Pennsylvania. good a wife and that in all these years she has No name is more prominently identified been with you “without fighting, quarrelling, wrangling or divorcing.” Please convey to with the early history of Fayette county her our most cordial good wishes. than that of him to whom this ancient Your friends, structure owes its existence. Colonel Arbuckles & Co. Cooke was born at Chambersburg in 1741 Also the following from IXlworth’s : and in 1770 he made his first journey west |Geo. W. Butter, Es* , Unjontqwn, Pa of the mountains in search of lands. He My Dear Friend,—Yes, I want to congratulate you on your 90th birthday. You have lived located between the present line of Fay- your four-score years and ten, and your 66 eite and Westmoreland counties and built years of married life very seldom falls to the for himself a cabin of rudely constructed lot of many to enjoy. From your good hand¬ logs. About one year thereafter he con¬ writing I judge you will* celebrate your diamond wedding, which, I believe, is 75 ceived the idea of erecting a residence of years. God bless you and your good wife, ; more pretentious proportions than the lit- and may your declining years be your most ] tie hut whose only hospitality was it3 happy ones, is the nrayer of Your old friend, (bright and cheering fireside. Geo. W. Dilworth. To build a house in that early era was a The following came from one of the leading [labor of no little consequence, * Philadelphia houses : were no stone houses west of Harrisburg Mr Geo. W. Rutter, jtJniontowp, Pa ■ and a building of the most simple design Dear Sir—We do most heartily congratulate was decided upon. Within 300 yards of you on reaching and passing your ninetieth the site chosen for the new structure sand¬ milestone, and have taken the liberty of in¬ serting your pleasant note in our price list of stone abounded, but this Was unknown to this week. You will notice it on the last page. Colonel Cook. Respectfully yours, LABORING UNDER DISADVANTAGES. Beeves, Parvin & Co. Limestone was found here and there and it was decided that this material should ■■fi be used in constructing the house. Had the sandstone beds been discovered a When the company gathered in the yard building of a more commanding appear-] the general was loudly called for and ance could have been erected. The work mounting the door steps of the house he was begun under many disadvantages. A! spoke to the soldiers, recounting the or¬ sawmill was erected, and the only wood deal through which they had just passed used in the building was cherry and wal- and asking divine blesssng for the young nut. Colonel Cook viewed his new home | republic. Washington’s speech was loudly with pride, as each day brought it nearer applauded by the patriotic soldiers and completion, and when it was finally fin¬ the future President passed the still ished the neighbors for miles around watches of the night around the hospital’ gathered within its walls to celebrate the ble fireside of Colonel Cook. They ha(f completion of the greatest work ever long been fast friends. j undertaken thereabout. A PROMINENT MAN IN HIS DAY. The building is a square structure, two Cook was a member of the provinci. stories in height, and is still an excellent Congress which assembled in Carpenter specimen of the solid and dignified abodes hall, Philadelphia, June 18, 1776 and drat'i which cur great grandsires had the sense ed the first declaration of Inedpendence to build. Their method of construction He was the first commissioner of exchange seems to have been a lost art for many and was appointed sub-lieutenant of West¬ years. The building contains eight rooms, moreland county March 21,1777. He was all finished in cherry and walnut. The appointed in April, 1789, president of the ceiling's are of medium height, and the court of common pleas and quarter sessions spacious halls and carven staircases cause and was associate judge of Fayette county the visitor of antiqutarian tastes to gaze in 1791 and treasurer of Westmoreland in silent admiration upon them. The county in 1797. interior is rich in paneling and wood carv¬ Colonel Cook was one of the founders of ings about the mantled shelves, the deep Rehobath church and a member of the set windows and in the cornices. The commission that located the county seat staircases are set at an easy angle and not of Fayette county at Uniontown. Fayette standing nearly upright, like those ladders City was laid out by him and called Free¬ by which one reaches the upper chambers port. Its name was changed by the Legi' J of a modern house. H lature through a bill introduced by Wij THE INTERIOR. liam Frasher in 1852 to Cookstown ar j In one of the parlors there is a choice later to its present name. Cook’s tract of store of family relics. Pictures of George land in that vicinity embraced 3,000 acres, Washington, made when the art of photo¬ extending from beyond Fayette City to the graphy was young, and portraits of Col¬ Westmoreland, county line. Colonel onel and Mrs. Cook still claim the walls. Cook’s prominence brought him in associ¬ China of nearly two centuries ago is scat- ation with Washington and many are th< tered here and there giving, the rooms an traditions handed down from generatio;j antique decoration. In one of the rooms to generation of these two illustrious men stands a large modern clock which has Albert Gallatin, possibly the mos ticked with ceaseless regularity for 110 conspicuous figure in the histor; years. Five generations have gazed upon of Fayette county, was a warm per its dial plate and the old time-piece is sonal friend of Colonel Cook. During doing duty today as it did in days that are the exciting days of the whisky in¬ past. surrection Gallatin and Cook attended the But the old building has a history, and meetings held by the insurrectionists. each succeeding year brightens the pages Cook was arraigned in 1794 for being one upon which it is written. Many illustri¬ of the leaders, of the insurrection and vol¬ ous men have gathered in the old home untarily entered with his recognizance for and trod the green carpet of its yard. his appearance. After the meetings Gal¬ George Washington and Albert Gallatin latin and Cook would repair to the latter’s each have added to its fame. Prior to- his home to spend the night. Other notables election to the Presidency Washington have gathered around the fireside of the while on one of his missions stopped to old homestead and could its silent walls visit Colonel Cook. The latter was drilling speak, what stories they would relate and a company of troops in an adjacent field what a flood of light they would pour up¬ when Washington arrived at the house. on the lives and characters of these emi¬ Word reached Cook that Washington was nent men who spoke without reserve there, and placing his sword in its scab- when their words did not reach the ears bord he started on a run toward the house, of a clamoring and criticising world ! leaving the soldiers in absolute bewilder¬ A HORSE WITH A HISTORY. ment. Finally they too heard the news and uncermoniously as their commander, A record of the scenes, tragic and hu¬ ey started off on a run, giving three morous, that have been enacted within irs for Washington. ^ Til Wm '! itllis sombre house would fill a volume. A | vivid picture of the social and public life RECEPTION TO LAFAYETTE. ' lf| °r the old tide might be painted by a I It was during General Lafayette’s visit skillful hand, using Gallatin and Cook for to this countrv in 1324 that the eminent a background. The painter would find Frenchman was given a reception near the gay and sombre colors, ready mixed for Cook homestead. Harmony school house nis palette, and a hundred romantic inci¬ was chosen as the place of meeting and dents waiting for his canvas. The origi¬ h!!? lU S® Trning Stately maidens with nal house did not contain the one story Ibaokets filled with all the comforts of the building which adjoins it on the left. The , cupboard gathered on the green and had addition was made in later years for the | the tables ready for the distinguished accommodation of Colonel Cook’s slaves. | guest wno was soon to appear. Sentinels There were 21 quartered there. The ceil- I were stationed on each side of the road to ing was very low and a fireplace nine feet | give the signal of his approach. Cannons m width was built in the side of the house. were stationed at the school house and These slaves would go out into the woods, when Lafayette was seen coming down cut down a number of trees, haul them to tne Perryopolis road seventeen shots were bred as a salute. then-quarters and spend the evenings in splitting them for fire wood. The floor of Lafayette’s visit is yet remembered by the addition is made of brick and chips the older citizens in that vicinity and are broken off here and there, caused by they recount with pride the visit of one | the random strokes of the ax while wood who was so important a factor in American I chopping was in progress. Independence. Music and dancing were favorite oas- A short distance from the scene of j Limes of the colored people and often they Lafayette’s reception stands an old oak tree indulged in these pleasures until a late hour beneath whose branches George Washing¬ land when their master’s rap was heard ton, Colonel Cook and Andrew Lynn held at the door> music and dancing would Ia. conference. The tree is said to bear the cease and they would one by one silently rings of two centuries. It measures 20 feet seek their couches. m circumference at the butt, and is point¬ On the second floor of the house Colonel ed out with pleasure by the residents in vmok kept a store where the neighboring that vicinity. Washington township is populace secured their provisions. This replete with historic points upon which 1 atore gained quite a reputation and traders the pen of local historians has never ‘0r *5 miles around gathered there each dwelt and when the history of our county week. On the first floor in a little room is written for posterity’s perusal, sacred at the back of the house Colonel Cook kept will be the page where is recorded the msehoice whiskies and liquors of all kinds. story of these scenes and places. ---— --- vVilham E. Cook, grandson of Colonel h'dward Cook, now occupies the old home. After the death of Colonel Cook the house From, passed to his son James and later to the present occupant. Jf } Across the dell can be seen the old Re- ,.- ' 1 hoboth church where the people of that entire neighborhood gather to attend oivme services. The cemetery surround¬ Date, JsV". //y ? j ing the. church was the first burying j ground m Washington township. The j o d tombstones that have done duty for a century slant to every point of thecom- “AIR MWSOfBY THE YODfiH I pass and look as if they were blown this ^ and that by a mysterious gale which ft’s History, Location and Advantages everything else untouched. Here buried the remains of Colonel Cook in Briefly Reviewed. . Here and there can be found the names of many early settlers, but the simple, OLD OFFICERS - NEW ENTERPRISES iSr,minglefl^ then-dU dust“knOW11 m perfect’g8ntle equality and now. Substantial Business Houses, Cw-.y Dwellings jSome names and'SeSto*fong remembrance Palatial Residences, Handsome Church cs, Beautiful Scenery, and Tncx- ort‘heU^nrMi[oe“rwhereonthfe t1£Wly breast haustable Resources. That bade the desert blossom and rejioce. This town was incorporated on ilie 18th day of June, 1S72. The town \vo,° • ’ F V1 10 Ma.K. i*t l*. ,- ■( ' f / •4 :&*. .XKt' ■ V: . •' ..« arid surveyed fry Sariofr?' Ifriek- Cune, a lumber yard owned by C. C. I si^n l'or Alfred Howell. It vyas nqm*ed llase and Son, and different enterprises >>i honor of George Dawson, wlyo for Ins • space will.net permit us to •enumerate. erly owned the land where the town The hotels sue first class .and at tiffs now stands, and win was. the father-ins point those in quest of a healthful law of Mr. Howell. .’.■•. resort for the summer can find all that The first election was helcron the Slst the neart could wish. An opera house drtv of August, JS72, at which’ time the property Gf the Dawson Odd Fel¬ William Lint and M. McDonald were low’s order, and a public hall owned by elected Justices of 1 he Peace, Alexander T. L’obb Peyarmon are prominent' Luce Burgess, "vV. W. Luce assessor, among the substantial buildiDgs of the! Joseph Ncwuiyer, Joseph Mosser, Will¬ town. Tho Methodist, Episcopal,! iam Luce, Jacob Oglevee. Frank Sny¬ Presbyterian, Baptist, and Catholic or-i der, and Henry •Kewmyer; school direc¬ gauizations all l ave neat and comfort-! tors; Daniel Wertz, James Fairchild, jible houses of worship. The schooll John McGill, Issue Cochran, Frank • building is frame and presents a tasty! Snyder, and Joseph Xevvmyer; council; appearance. and John Orbiu auditor. Secret orders of nearly every name This is a beautifully located town, up¬ have lodges and are strongly supported. on the right hank of the Yoyghiogkeny ‘ The population of the town is .about river, fifty-two miles from Pittsburg. one thousand. Its facilities for becoming a man'-: fac¬ We have briefly enumerated some of toring point are excellent. Its rail¬ the leading enterprises arid advantages road, advantages are good and the sup¬ which at a first view the town presents ply cf fuel,-both coal and coke, could and this is sufficient to afford an idea not he exhausted. It rssuraxHanded by a! of what Dawson is. great eoal field of that quality that lias Prophesying great thtogs for the obtained for it a world wide reputation, town which we have selected as.a point and hundreds of coke ovens are witliiu for journalism in the future we make a short distance of the town. The lo our bow and promise more as we study cation is a*~ery desirable -one and the the best interests of the town and its t surroundings are lovely and charming. surroundings It is picturesquely situated., .and the stmrger >ouunot help Ibedsig (favorably impressed with its neat and tidy ap¬ pearance. The buildings are mostly frume. The streets are broad, and 'the side¬ walks are-set with thrifty shads trees. / ■ // Most .of >the dwellings are attractive Bate, <1 ',//?j, generally-set back from tike street with handsome enclosures, beautiful lawns, AN "HISTORICAL BUILDING. substantial walks, and an abundance A Stone Douse, WliicUIs Said to Be the W.shrubbery. Brick, stone, and wood- Oldest West of HarrisbuVg. ‘en pavements are ill use <®a the ssdnei- In Washington township Fayette coun¬ steeets. ty, there still stands an old stone man¬ Merchandising irr all its different sion, built by Col. Edward Cook in boianehesis successfully loanied .on-by 1772. It is said to have been the first enterprising business men with first stone bouse built west of Harrisburg. class stores. A First National Bank General Washington visited there and with heavy capital and James Cochran Albert Gallatin was a frequent its: president and an electric light plant caller on its owner, who was born at are two of Daivsorrs latest successful Chambersburg in 1742, and was a enterprises. The iron bridge that member of the Provincial congress in spans the river at this paint is one of j 1776; sub-lieutenant of Westmoreland! the greatest achievements, and of j county in 1777; president of the court which every citizen should be .proud. of Common Pleas and Quarter Sessions) We have .a.first class Souring mill well in 17S$); associate judge of Fayette) ■ equipped.with the most improved ma¬ county in 1791, and treasurer of West- chinery, the property of A. C. He- I morelasxl county in 1797. Fayette City I was laid out by him- and for awhile bore his name. The house is now occu¬ pied by his grandson, William E. Cook. OUK LOCAL s jHTDICIARY. HISTORY OF THE FAYETTE COUNTY COUETS f AndSket hesofths Judgoa Who Have I Presided Over Them From the Or- I gaaization of the County—Alexan- I der Addison, 1791 1818. Ireland in 1759, educated at Edinburgh, I NUMBER 1. licensed to preach by the Presbytery of I The first court in Fayette after its Eberlow, emigrated to America, preached J erection into a separate county by act of by permission of Redstone Presbytery, after¬ Sept. 17, 1783, was held in the school house wards read law with Dayid Reddick at at Uniontown on the fourth Tuesday in Washington and was appointed judge by i December of the same year. It was held be. , Gov. Mifflin in 1791. fore Philip Rogers and his associates, Alex- He foiled the district in the throes of the i an^er McLean, Robert Adams, John Allen, Whisky Rebellion, and though history | Robert Richie and Andiew Rabb, all jus¬ credits him with endeavoring to dispense tices of the peace in Westmoreland county justice with an even hand, the shafts of party of which Fayette until that year had formed strife were too sharp and eventually he a part. One of the first items of business found himself before the senate of Penn¬ afier admitting Thomas Scott, Hugh M sylvania sitting as a court of impeachment. Brackenridge, David Bradford, Michael The high crimes and misdemeanors with , Huffnagle, George Thompson, Robert Gal- which he was charged were that he inter¬ breath, Samuel Irwin and David Rsddick to tue bar, was to divide tire county into town¬ fered and intermeddled with Associate Judge ships. One of the trials at the following Lucas while the latter was delivering a i June term was that of Richard Merryfield charge to an Allegheny petit jury, ‘‘declar¬ for “prophane swearing”. He was fined 10 ing to the said jury that the address deliv¬ shillings and required to give bopd in the ered to them by the said John Lucas had j.sum of £50 for his good behavior till next nothing to do with the question before them ' j court. and they ought not to pay any attention to ' italso that “under pretense of perform¬ By the act of 1791, dividing the state Into ing his duty, the said Alexander Addison five judicial districts, Fayette was put in the did in open court illegally and unconstitu¬ fifth district with the counties of Westmore¬ tionally stop, threaten and prevent the said land, Washington and Allegheny. When John Lucas from addressing, as he of right Greene was erected from Washington in might do, a grand jury of the said county of 1796, it constituted a part of the fith. The Allegheny, then and there assembled.” For act of 1791 required that for each district a - this grave ofiense he was removed from person of knowledge and integrity, skilled in office by the senate and declared to be dis¬ the laws, should be appointed by the gover¬ qualified from holding the office of judge nor to be president judge. The first of such fin the state. He resided in Pittsburg until judges to preside over the Fayette courts i was Alexander Addison. He was born in !2 Of Judge Alexander, Dr. Carnahan in tragical event. Not much over a mile from l he grave of Braddock is the site his “Western Insurrection,” says : “Alex¬ of old Fort Necessity, constructed by 1 ander Addison was president of_the courts Washington, who stands for the out- !|! in the four counties, and I venture to my come of that struggle between the two j! great kingdoms of Europe. It was. that a more intelligent, learned, upright, among the dark valleys and dense' and fearless judge was not to be found in the forests of this mountain range that the I state.” + conflicts occurred that opened the long j' and terrible Seven Years’ war, afflict- 3 Hon. James Veecb, in his chapter on the. mg two continents with bloodshed and 1 Whisky Insurrection, says. “Alexander lorrow. j Addison presided over all the courts in tke! there are few lovelier regions in this counties of the survey. He was the Sirj world than Chestnut ridge, wifli its i forest clad heights, its green, secluded Matthew Hale of his day - valleys, its clear, tumbling rills,its rocks; “— for deep discernment praised, and flowers and stretches of meadow. And sound integrity, not more than famed The hills are entirely canopied by! For sanctity of manners undefiled.” ■ woods of great trees, chestnuts, oaks, It is not plain to us why so eminent a walnuts, locusts and maples, and be¬ jurist and so upright a man should neath them the dogwoods, heavy in May with white flowers. On the higher I been impeached on grounds that seem summits the pine trees stand ever* this distance to be so trivial. green. On the slopes and in the val-j leys the wild rose abounds, and in thisi month of June its delicate pink flowers! fill the air with fragrance. The locust! From, trees are covered with white blossoms; of a most delicious perfume. All thej mountain Ar is odorous with the smell .Q:^6%. of the foliage and flowers. STILL A WILD REGION. Through the mountains, as the na¬ tional road runs, is about five miles. \ The western ascent from the rolling l iountry is rather abrupt, but the east- j A Portion of Fayette County Rich in Historical Associations. FRENCH AND ENGLISH FOUGHT. Graves of Jumonville and Braddock Not Far From Each Other. HOW THE PLACES LOOK NOW. Written eor The Post. Some of the famous historical 6pots in America are in the beautiful and ro¬ mantic glens of Chestnut ridge, in BRADDOCK’S GRAVE, 1851 Fayette county. On the eastern slope of that ridge, within a distance of five >rn slope is more gradual, falling away miles, are the graves ot Jumonville and ■ into foot hills, with green and fertile Braddock, consp'cuous participants in valleys, until the long meadow is the great struggle between France and reached that leads the traveler to other hills beyond, rising again to the heights Great Britain for the control of the i broad country west of the Allegheny i . of Sugar Loaf range. This is a region in mountains; one a Frenchman, the first pan as wild as when Washington thread¬ ed its paths and Braddoek’s men cut victim of that slruggle, the other a Briton, representative of its_ most ■■ • > * \ **.?* •• _; GRAVE TO-DAY. iJK«rrn"ih^f therods ^°OCKJL jtl I'and the bear'are gl£*Wildcat oier ^,®St \ few days ag0 I passed over this road Irom Uniontown. It was morning and mists hung over the dr ftt0Pr’ doatmg above tbe P'oes like 3 S;tm“*<6*te ^t&Z£2JX arilts of whit^ smoke from Indian canm bres\ Turtle doves flew from the road- '« “Heiif way mto the woods, the brown thrush uttered bis mellow notes in the tallest ,tbe catbirds and the chewinks rustled in the thickets, and across the road scampered now and then a nimble SttWtta “t* *■& ground squirrel, with arched tail, bark¬ ing saucily when he had reached the northwest and thenVterf,T toward tb® protecting bushes. The beauty and UiongThe eas tr f°th0r ?ort^ ™ns fragrance of the wild roses, thick be¬ side the way, almost tempted me to headwaters of Meadow*3’bro^k W'Dg the stop and piuck flowers enough to fill (the range by a an; crosses the carriage, l and then foilows aloiS-fh a7 Camp’' at dtjnbar's camp. I to the Toughing heny ^hereefter baSe The road to Jumouville is quite steep ( just below the town If ZolneU JuT™ lr* Par.ts- ft is miles almost due east AS THEY WERE YEARS AGO oi Uniontown. The Jumouville orphan school is situated on the site of Dun¬ bar s camp, and the postoflice now 5 bears the name of Jumouville. This .=E£? @asB« name was given to it by Rev. A. Ii Waters when the school was estab¬ lished. The school is well up ou the slope oi Wolf knob. The cleared space m deadly conflict 140 on the mountain side is visible for many \ nines to the west. This place was oc- 1 ofWa.i™J,eton Br*ddoo,k *n ^.“French country. To this day oars agl there was a wooden] .a in one ol the piles, but it has| historians assert; that his “assassina¬ isappeared, pi o bably carried aw ay byj tion” is the one black Spot in Washing¬ ton’s record. relic hunters, rail fence runs by the stone piles, anc across the fence, under J o visit these sites in chronological the rock ledged which are 20 feet high,i order one should go first to the g'rave was the camp of' the French when they; oi Jumonville, then to Fort Necessity, ■were surprised t>y Washington. On one and afterward to the grave of Brad- side of the fence is the property of Rev. ■ dock. This is inconvenient, for you A. H. Waters and on the other side the pass Braddock’s grave ou the road to Fort Necessity. land of Rev. W. A. Passavant of Cen¬ ter avenue, Pittsburgh. When the death of Jumonville was reported at Ft. Duquesne by a Cana¬ THE SURPRISE OF JUMONVILLE. dian who escaped, De Villiers set out Washington with 300 men wras mak¬ : with 500 French soldiers and about 400 ing his way through the country from ; Indians to revenge what he called the Cumberland toward Ft. Duquesne “murder” of his brother. On the ap¬ when Jumonville was sent out from this' proach of this force Washington re¬ place to meet him and warn him away tired again to the Great Meadow, and France claimed the country west of the being joined by 100 men from North mountains. Jumonville’s party num¬ Carolina under Captain Alexander bered only 35 and could not have been Mackay. decided to make a stand there. effective in open war against Washing¬ He would have retreated farther, but ton’s force. Very hard rains coming continuous raius had made the road so on, the French took refuge in the ravine heavy that the weary soldiers could no at the base of Wolf knob, where they longer drag the utue small cannon. Mak¬ erected rude shelters of limbs and bark. ing a virtue of necessity, they erected a Their hiding place was learned by a small stockade and digged a ditch about it. party of Indians who were friendly to On the morning of July 3 the French the English, and they informed Wash¬ and Indians appeared in the adjoining ington on the evening of May 27, and woods on the hillsides. Firing from urged him to attack the French. That the shelter of thejino treeswcco andauu bushes,uusnes, a night the young Virginian, who was sharp conflict wag maintained from 11 encamped on the Great Meadow, six o’clock in the forenoon until almost 8 miles away, set out with 40 men. Rain at night. fell all night, the darkness was intense, BEADY TO MAKE TEEMS. and so toilsome was the tramp through Rain fell hard all day long, wetting the rough iorest, stumbling over logsi most of the ammunition in the fort, sc and rocks and being tom by brambles, that Washington was very ready t( that it was not until 4 in the morn¬ make terms when the French, at dark ing that they approached the place suggested a parley. Besides, the kegf where the French were sleeping. They were joined by the Half King and seven Indians just before the attack. The Frenchmen, aroused by some noise, sprang to their arms to find themselves surrounded by the Virgin¬ ians and Indians, and a sharp fight oc¬ curred. Jumonville and 10 of his men were killfd, and the others threw clown their guns and surrendered. They were conducted to the camp at Great Meadow. The bodies of the dead were left in the ravine where they fell. Some of them, and probably all, were scalped by the Indians. A fortnight later the bodies were buried by Coulon de Villiers, Jumonville’s brother, and the Catholic cross was erected over their graves. Their bones have never been disturbed. ENJOYED THE BULLETS. This was Washingtofi’s baptism ofj fire. He was but 22 years old. A few I days later he wrote to a friend: “1 heard the bullets whistle, and, believe ' me, there is something charming in the sound.” The Experiences of future years doubtless oDanged his opinion. The death of Junonville caused a great I outcry in France, where it was claimed he was on a pe.ceiul mission, being sent simply as ai ambassador to warn Washington to withdraw from the JUMONVILLE’S GRAVE. SITE OF FORT NECESSITY. of rum in the fort had been opened and resumed, and that evening the army about half of Washington’s force was paused at what is called Braddock’s drunk. Terms of capitulation were run. There the wounded general died drawn up and on the morning of July 4 at 8 o’clock in the evening. He was Washington and his band marched buried in the road the next morning, away with their flag toward Cumber¬ and the, soldiers and wagons passed land. Their dead, about a score, were over his grave that, the ground might buried on the ground. Their swivel be beaten down and the burial place guns were broken by the French, who obscured from the enemy. Out of the had no use for them. They lay on the 1.460 men who went into battle on the meadow for several years, when they Mouongabela, 456 were killed and 4211'S were carried by some emigrants to wounded. Kentucky and there lost track of. Thomas Fossitt or Fausett, a Penn¬ The next year, in June, Braddock’s sylvanian who deserted from the battle¬ gay army passed over this ground on field and afterward lived in Fayette its march toward Ft. Duquesne. On county to a very old age, claimed in the night of June 25, after passing his drunken moments that he -bar! along the hillside a few hundred yards killed Braddock, but the story is not from Ft. Necessity, Braddock’s tent believed by the most critical historians. was pitched within sight of the spot Washington and Orme, who were near where his bones now lie. Pushing on the general when he fell, were satisfied with a light force of 1,460 men, Brad- that he was shot by the enemy. Four dock left behind him 700 under the I horses were killed under him before he command of Colonel Dunbar in charge |received the fatal bullet through his of the wagon train, the heavy guns and r:ght arm and lungs. the bulk of the provisions. Braddock On the journey from Uniontown, met his defeat on Wednesday, July 9, after passing the summit and descend¬ and on that day Dunbar was encamped ing the long eastern slope, through by the springs on Wolf Knob. To forest trees that almost meet above the this point the fugitives made their road, I came by and by to the grave of way and there the wounded general the British general. No traveler can was brought on the 11th. He ordered fail to see it if his eyes are at all open. the destruction of the stores at this As you descend into a slight depression place. The shells were bursted, 150 where nraddoek’s run crosses the road wagons were burned, powder to the under a small bridge, you see on the amount of 50,000 pounds was cast into opposite rise the pine trees surrounded the springs and the provisions were | by a fence that mark the spot. The scattered abroad upon the ground or grave is about 30 yards north ot the thrown into the water. Wagon loads road. Between it and the road is the of relics have been found at this place, deep hollow of an old quarry whence and the boys of the orphan school stone were taken to break upon the picked up so many shells, cannon balls highway. There are, perhaps, 10 pines and other pieces of metal that they in the inclosure, and one tree have had a small cannon cast out of of another species, with light green them. For many years afterward the , foliage. It was raining when I visited bed of the run was black with niter. the place and I did not descend from the carriage. There is no inscription AH’ AWFUL SLAUGHTER. or mound. The earth within the in- On Sunday, July 13, the retreat was ]closure is level. The fence is kept in (repair and the trees are trimmed by Robert Gray, the sturdy, tanfiFd} off one corner of the embankment, and \ whiskered Scotchman who owns the has partial lv .obscured its outline. It. j\ 200-acre farm and whose home is seega » « ; •••it ^cijjitgiyjjiat anyone would at this1 1 at the right of the sketch fafctheij ijotfg .* 1 * •* spot for a fort. It is || the road. This big stone* .Sotiji V ••• • ***lSw* marshy land, so wet that it cannot! I formerly the Braddock’s Run tavern. be plowed^ apd this fact has served to I j It is a pleasant home, with vines, ros§ , ...» • outlines of the old em- [ bushes and grape arbors abWtjftt y% 1.; \.J l ; ttailkmenij tS.this day. j BKADDOCK’S OLD EOADf* ♦ •* • •** Th*e sketch here presented is looking Just north of the grave there is a de¬ toward the east. The fence marks the pression in the field, shown at the left lane. One face of the fort runs along of the sketch. It is the trace of Brad- just the other side of the two crab ap¬ dock’s old road. There was a slights ple trees in the center. One corner is cut in the hillside here as the way de¬ near the dead stump at the right and scended into the ravine. Right on this the other corner does not quite reach to hillside Braddock was at first buried. the thorn tree at the left. The other In 1823 workmen repairing the old road sides then run away to the fence, and came upon the bones of a man clad in the far angle was in the field the other scarlet uniform and bearing the insignia side of the fence. The marks of the of an officer of high rank. An old embankment cannot be seen until you man who had fought with Braddock are right upon them. There is a ridge said the remains were those of half a foot high and about three feet the ill-fated general. Some of the broad. At either side of it is a shallow larger bones were carried away ditch. The outlines are obscured by by those who found them, but swamp grass, which grows in tufts all the main part of the skeleton was re¬ over the meadow. The soil is soft and buried under a big oak that stood on springy. Just beyond the thorn tree is j i an eminence 150 yards southeast. Hon. a run which passes under the fence to Andrew Stewart, Sr., had a board pre¬ the east and flows away into Meadow pared and nailed to the tree. This old oak brook. tree is shown in one of the cuts as it THEY WANTED WATER. appeared in 1854. In 1868, during a The fort was constructed in this bot¬ violent storm, the tree was blown down. tom so that water from this run would ■ Three years later the fence was erected be available. There was never any for¬ by Josiah King, then editor of the Pitts¬ est here and this was another consider¬ burgh Gazette, and within the enclosure ation for the selection of the place. was planted a willow such as grows over The fort, as its traces now appear, is an the first grave of Napoleon at St. irregular triangle, the shortest side Helena. The willow did not live and being toward the lront of the picture the pines were then planted. and the two long sides running toward! Robert Gray told me that he could the east. About the center lies a large trace Braddock’s road all the way square stone which was laid byaUniou- across the country and through the inountains. It is generally indicated1 by a depression, sometimes faint across the level fields, but at other places deep where cuts were made on hill- ^ sides. In low places, where the ground was W'et or marshy, corduroys ot white oak were laid. These oak timbers are almost as sound, Mr. Gray said, as on the day they were cut. It was a care¬ fully constructed road, made slowly and with great pains. It was the length ■ of time consumed in cutting the path through the woods and building the road that destroyed the expedition, lor it gavo the French time to collect their .' forces and draw- the scattered Indian tribes to Fort Duquesne. rRON TOMAHAWK. SITE OF FORT NECESSITY. A little more than a mile beyond the town lodge in 1854 as the corner-stone house ol Gray 1 reached the great of an intended monument. It is now brick residence of E. L. Fazenbaker, t partially sunk in the soft soil. who owns the farm containing the site The site is surrounded by gentle! of Fort Necessity. His house wras slopes, all of which were once wooded. ’ built 57 years ago by the grandfather Now much of the woods are cleared of the present J udge Ewing of Fayette away and the slopes are tilled fields, p county, and W'as long famous as the The woods approached closest, to the! Mt. Washington tavern. The father of fort on the south side, and here andl the present owner bought the farm in toward the southwest nearly all the! 1856. South of the road a lane runs E relics of the fight have been found, k down into the meadow w here the old- Fazenbakers have picked up an old I fort was constructed. This lane cuts musket barrel, a six-pound can¬ non ball. sever:’ smallor balls like those used in grape -C«me her coatuiander; * TingST®*- and cannister, and a number of musket corfmrhntied the Leroy, and Infer commanded l balls whitened by lying long in the jthe steamer Shannon for two years These' ground. Besides these they have a boats had uo regular trade and boated on all ! £ue, collection of Indian flint arrow- the rivers in the South. Capt. Woodward heads, one of them 5£ inches long, a ?'uiltafid commanded the steamer Express part of a stone tomahawk and a com¬ in 1830. He later built and became naif owner ot the steamer Export and remained plete iron tomahawk of which I made a i sketch. on hei until she /xot so old «lie went to pieces. He then built the steamers Archer j Attorney George W. Acklin of Pitts- and Iren ton and ran in a lo v er river trade, burgh, Attorney Thomas R. Wakefield j., a.so built the Corvett, and commanded lot Uniontown and some other gentle¬ her, and subsequently built the Messenger men have secured from Mr. Fazenbaker (Ao. p, anu ran her it liie Cincinnati trade, an option on 15 acres of ground, in¬ i Ai this time lie was also halt* owner of the (.Lebanon, Forrester and Statesman. When cluding the site, and are endeavoring to Abraham Lincoln was elected president of form a fund to purchase the property the Limed States he came out in command and transform it into a park for pur¬ jot the Tycoon, and ran her between here and poses of preservation. | JNew Orleans. He was held there during tho bombardment of Ft. Sumter, and now has jin ins possession his clearance pap -rs issued I by the State of Louisana in ISoL If is said that this paper is the only one of the kind in existence. At the .time the war broke out he met with many exciting experiences and in the latter part of 1881 he retired from ac¬ tive serv.ee on the river and returned to Brownsville, where he has . ‘-.aimed his residence for 76 years Capt. Woodward helped to build many of the boats of the Pittsburgh and Morgan-' Btown line, and is now the largest individual stockholder. When the late Card. Adam 1 Jacobs died in 1887 he was elected to suc¬ ceed him as president, and he still holds the RIVER iWS. office. Capt. Woodward, though 80 years .old, js a remarkably well preserved man Lie I Tlie river marks at the Davis Island -im . its enjoying the best of health. He is per¬ at 2 v. m. ehowed-2’ r< ut >' inch-1?. Business haps the most widely known, respected and ? oktest riverman in the country. He makes j occasional visits to this city. From, __. ~T> 'L.frCCa.l/... \Za/s Date, \ 3 V ffj |A Hundred Members of C'apt. Isaac C. Woodward. the Stacv Family i Capt. Isaac C. Woodward, president of the 6 * Pittsburgh, Brownsville, Geneva and Mor¬ -- 1 ^ gantown Packet Line, horn in May, 1513, GATHERED at the old home in Chagas Ford, on ihc Brandwine, Chester county, Pa., near where the famous battie of tve Ceneratidwos Represented -Wit's. Germantown was fought. His father died when he was but 4 years old, le&vin 6: George Washington Stacy, 9D children. was taken to Browns- Years OkC, Acts as Hostess—VisH vide, Pa., an t two years iatea went, to live with David CaSjht-., a contractor and builder tors Present from Marty Skeigla¬ of that place, > lb 183:3 he learned the trade boring Towns. ol a carpenter^, remained with Mr. Cattle until 1835, wh^Bie went Ao stcamhoatinsr. His first, A-.'-iilHg wt.s aonc#c,.n the Na- A retinfca- of one of the eldest famines Rdcd by Cs^i. IleajfeBennett, m a Trade between here pi.ii*'fnE'ciniiati. n Pennsylvania was lieM at Smitkfield He went on her as a cabin boy, remaining tVedisesday. The occasion was*, happy one just one year. In 1836 ue accepted a pcsi- o all wtoo attended. 1:1011 as clerk of the Amative, and soon after- T The gathering was one of conf I Til0ma8 H- Baird was commissioned the [president judge of the new 14th district by . HON. THOS. H. BAIRD. iGov. William Findlay on October 19, 1818 Roberts, who was sheriff of Philadelphia coun- Judge Baird was a son of Dr. Absalom Baird’ I ty in 1716 He studied law there under William one of the prominent physicians of Washing¬ Lewis and was admitted to the Philadelphia ton county. His grandfather, John Baird bar in 1793. In the same year he married was a Scotchman, who came to America with Miss Maria Heath of York, Pa., and soon after Braddock’s army and shared in the disaster moved to Lancaster,. where he practiced his which befel that brave but indiscreet soldier profession for a time and then went to Sun- on July 9, 1755. He is said to have been killed j bury. He was residing in Sunbury when com¬ at Fort Duquesne in the defeat of Major Grant missioned by Gov. Thomas McKean as judge and his Highlanders September 14, 1768. His of the Fifth circuit, when he removed to Pitts¬ widow educated her son Absalom, and he burg. He was a sound judge, and enjoyed studied medicine in Chester county and be- the high respect of the bar, though it is re¬ j came a surgeon in the Revolutionary War. He corded of him that he was a little slow and removed to Washington county in 1786, be¬ indulgent in the dispatch of business. came a justice of the common pleas in 1789 Judge Roberts wrote a “Digest of Select and sheriff in 1799. He died October 27, 1805* British Statutes in force in Pennsylvania,” leaving sis children. One of the daughters,’ published in Pittsburg in 1817. This is a Susan, became the wife of the late Dr. Hugh Campbell of TTnionfcown. work of 440 pages and is standard authoritv. P. S. Morrow, E-q , of Uniontown has the : Thomas H., the third son, was born in copy which contains the corrections and anno¬ [Washington, Pa., Nov. 15, 1787. He was edu. tations made by Judge Roberts in his own cated lq Brooke county, Va., studied law with hand. The second edition of the book was Joseph Pentecost and was admitted to the bar printed in 1847. of Washington county in July, 1808, before he Judge Roberts left eight children, the oldest [had reached his majority. That he was a of whom, Edward J. Roberts, was a paymaster lawyer of commanding ability is attested by in the army in the War of 1812; was admitted the fact that at the early age of 31 he was to the bar in 1816, and for a number of years chosen from among a number of able attorneys was olerk of the western district court of the to preside over the courts of the district. United States for Pennsylvania. Edward’s Judge Baird is said to have been of a some- w eldest son, Richard Biddle Roberts, was col¬ what irascible temper and had the misfortune \ onel of the First Regiment of the Pennsyl¬ |t0 have disagreements with the members of vania reserves, afterwards served as United the Fayette county bar, which finally led to ! States district attorney at Pittsburg and sub¬ an open rupture. On Sept. 12, 1834, he ad¬ sequently removed to Chicago where he pur¬ dressed to Messrs. Ewing, Todd, Dawson and sued his profession until his death a few years other members of the bar a letter in which he ago. One of Judge Roberts’s daughters mar¬ reviewed the disagreeable differences between f ried Oldham Craig, for a long time teller in the bar and the court. He charged the attor¬ the “Old” bank of Pittsburg, and brother of neys with delaying business and with disre¬ Neville B. Craig, author of “The Olden Time.” spect toward the court amounting to contempt. One of the sons was the late Dr. Henry F. I U® referred to the attack made upon his per- Roberts, who is remembered by Uniontown [ son by,a “ruffian,” growing out of a case in people as having for many years made his 1 court, and charged that this attack was in¬ home with Justice John R. Willson of this spired by disrespectful language made by place. attorneys. In view of the troubles, he suggested a conference between himself and the bar. In reply to this letter, the attorneys framed a communication inj From, [ C* > * r/. u.!:i- I which they acknowledged the differences and suggested that perhaps the best way out of them would be the judge’s resignation. This i iCtn&TrC-.{/hr. was signed by John M. Austin, John Dawson, Joshua B. Howell, J. H. Deford, J. Williams, A. Patterson, K. P. Fienniken, R. G. Hop- Bate, l/j.&L / ffS, wood, Wm. McDonald and W. P. Wells. At the next term of court, January, 1835,1 TEE HARDIN FAMILY. Judge Baird and Associates Charles Porter and Samuel Nixon being present, a rule was made calling upon those gentlemen to show j HON. BEN , THE MOST FAMOUS OF 1 cause why their names should not be stricken j ITS DISTINGUISHED MEMBERS. ^ 1 from the roll of attorneys. In reply, the at-1 torneys denied the right and the power of the court thus to disbar them. They disclaimed j His Parents—Early Years—Settlement any intention to be disrespectful or to com-! at Bardstown—haw Practice—In mit contempt. Some of the attorneys made Congress; Opposes Clay, Takes individual answers, which satisfied the judge, Back Salary — Celebrated haw and after further correspondence, on January Cases — Triumph Over Governor 8, 1835, an order was made (Nixon dissenting^ disbarring Attorneys Austin, Dawson, Howell,1 Owsley—Personal Characteristics. Wells, Patterson, Deford, Williams and Fien¬ Anecdotes. niken. The eight gentlemen appealed their cause to the legislature, which body on March 14,1835, passed an act authorizing the supreme court to take jurisdiction of the matter. In pursuance of this action the supreme court setting in Philadelphia on Mar. 31,1835, heard! the case. Messrs. Dallas and Iugersoll were the attorneys for the members of the bar, and J. Sergeant for the proceedings of the court of common pleas of Fayette county. After lengthy arguments and due deliberation, Chief Justice Gibson delivered the opinion, con¬ cluding thus: “In conclusion it appears that a case to jus¬ tify the removal of the respondents has notj been made out, and it is therefore considered that the order which made the rule absolute be vacated and the rule discharged, that the! respondents be restored to the bar, and that! this decree be certified to the common pleas of I Fayette county.” Judge Baird’s continuance on the bench did not long survive this unpleasantness. He ended the troable by resigning, in December, 1837, and removing to Pittsburg, where he ' engaged in the active practice of hia profes¬ BEN HARDIN. sion for twelve years. He then retired to his j February 28, 1787—September 24, 1852. farm near Monongahela, where he- resided until his death, Nov. 22, 1806. He is buried One for whose talents and genius Abrabam in the Washington cemetery. Judge Baird j Lincoln always expressed the heartiest admir¬ was an able lawyer, a sound jurist and a man ation was Hon. Benjamin Hardin, popularly: of high character and integrity. known as Ben. Hardin, a native of Fayette j The wife of Judge Baird was Nancy McCul¬ county, Pennsylvania, %nd an honored citizen lough, who survived him but is now deceased.! of the State of Kentucky. He achieved na-‘ They had twelve children, one of whom, Eliza| tional reputation at an early age, and “had! Acbeson, married Robert Patterson of the the good fortune to impress himself and his Presbyterian Banner. One of the sons is i characteristics on his day at d generation as j Thomas H. Baird, Esq., a member of the j few men have done.” Washington county bar and a resident of Lucius P. Little says, that about 1820 Har¬ Monongahela. To him the Standard is in- i din was one of four men in four different debted for the photograph from which the! States to whom was attributed everything that! above cut is made. was odd, grotesque, humorous, witty and sar- i castio in the current thought of the day. Between the backwoods Crook. U of see and the polished Randolph of Virginiawas teenth congress, in which Ke^rVed with (Henry Clay from December 4, i8le (o a long step, but somewhere in the interval t stood the exuberant Corwin of Ohio and the iMarch 3, 1817, and once during ’that homely-witted Hardin of Kentucky. Aime opposed Clay. During that Congress Hon. Ben. Hardin was a son of Benjamin in 1816 he and Clay voted for the first back salary bill passed in that body. Poputev and Sarah (Hardin) Hardin, and was born on the waters of Georges creek, in Springhill MrTrT t8° 8tr°ng against acHhat township, Fayette county, Pennsylvania, Feb¬ Mr. Hardin did not offer for congress at the ruary 28, 1787. His parents were cousins, and [next tbctionbut two years later was nomi- his father, Benjamin Hardin, who died about | °a‘6f and elected <° Sixteenth congress in 1820, was an industrious farmer and a good ..he served- He was also a member of citizen. Benjamin Hardin was a native of the Seventeenth congress and in 1824 and 1827 Virginia, and after residing for some time in “l826atol8“8e6r °£ th68tat6 ^ture. Springhill township removed to Kentucky f./Twf 8 8 a wasno candidate but i with his wife’s people. He was an unassum in the latter year was elected to the state jmg and easy-going man, while his wife was tor tour ’ year,6 remarkably energetic, and largely managed his At the end of that time in 1833 he affairs. again offered for congress and was ele’eted | to the Twenty-third congress He also served Benjamin Hardin married Sarah Hardin, daughter of Martin Hardin, and to their in the Twenty-fourth congress which closing union were born seven children—three sons on March 3, 1837, ended his congressiona and four daughters: Martin, who served with -!er °!i!o y6arS at dmreDt times between Crockett in (he Texan war for independence : 1815 and 1837. For the next ten years Bar and narrowly escaped being in the Alamo Hardin applied himself assiduously to tbl when its garrison was butchered by Santa 'practice of his profession in ’Kentucky anc Anna; Warren, a farmer; Hon. Ben.; Rosa, several other of the southern states where h (wife of James McEIroy: one daughter who was engaged in some of the leading crimina I became the wife of Andrew Barnett, and two trials and most important cases of the south. l {daughters who married Tobins and remained of “ 1f844“r- Hardin appointed secretarj in Springhill township. servilliflif f Ck^ Gov™ Owsley anr Mrs. Hardin was born in Virginia in 1744 erved in that capacity until 1847 when the and died in Kentucky in 1832 at the advanced (governor declared the office vacant and ^ age of eighty.eight years. She was a woman of intelligence, energy and industry, and com- manded the respect of all who knew her. She possesed good judgment and considerable tact, and to her counsel was due much of her husband’s success and her sons’ honorable UsssstssMsuperior in the history of Kentuckv if • courses in life. Bep Hardin was a remarkably bright boy. rrrtea Haidin °f an biam®> »mt in a Fef Grundy noticing him one day in a bil- few days he resigned the secretaryship it i8 ihard room was struck by his appearance, and (obtained his parents’ consent that the boy Owsley cost him a seat in the United Sta'es attend the school of Daniel Barry, an senate as Owsley controlled enough votes in I (Irish refugee of classical education. Grundy the state legislature to prevent Hardin’s elec¬ {paid his tuition and Ben , after becoming pro¬ tion and so he did not allow his name to be ficient in Latin and Greek, was Barry’s assist- used m connection with the senatorship jant teacher for some time. He then read law ! cetirinS Horn the secretaryship of with Martin D. Hardin and Felix Grundy, was state Mr. Hardin devoted his time to the prac- admitted in 18C6 and commenced practice at , ace of law umii his death with one exception Elizabethtown, which he left two years later S6rVed “a of the to remove to Bardstown, where jia resided Kentucky state constitutional convention of until his death. Hie practice soon became that year in which he took a useful as well as large and remunerative, while his reputation a leading part. cu as as an able lawyer extended all over Kentucky. In March, 1807, Ben Hardin married Betsav He was elected prosecuting attorney in 1810, | Barbour, a daughter of, Coluuu, J and from that time on was a prominent actor Kentucky, and a member of tbe old and die- in the legal and political history of Kentucky. luguished Barbour family of Virginia Th * Ben. Hardin’s political career commenced children were: Lucinda/who Sed t , properly in 1810, when he was el-.cted to the 'Larue Helm; Emily; Kate; lZB state legislature while holding the office of who died in 1827; and Rowan, who’ ed^da prosecuting attorney. He was Whig in poli Wpraeticediaw, commanded a company tics, and being returned to the legislature in in the Mexican war, was distinguished alike 1811 he made himself prominent by his efforts for bravery and eloquence and met his un- to secure the passage of a law against dueling time.y fate in 1851 by assassination on the Pour years later he was elected to the Four¬ isthmus of Darien (now Panama) while serv¬ ing as secretary of legation to Guatemala. Ben. Hardin died on September 24, 1852, The vacation passed and Mr. when in the sixty sixth year pf his age, from set out for Washington to attend 1 the effects of a fall from bis horse. While session of the Fourteenth congress. He many of Kentucky’s famous j men sleep in a .concluded to visit his birthplace in Pennsylva¬ beautiful cemetery on the river’s bank near nia, which did not require much diversion . the state capital and graceful shafts of marble from his direct route. Before starting from \ rise o’er their g-shes, yet ladin requested hom9 he had equipped himself with a good that his remains be placed beside his parents horse and saddle-bags, carrying in the latter in an unpretentious cemetery** Washington such wardrobe as the exigencies of society ii county, and that no monument b9 erected demanded of old-time congressmen. Thi j ovor them—only a plain stope slab with the journey was a long one, and, as it proved i inscription—‘Ben. Hardin oj Bardstown." No this instance, a lonesome one. Much of hi more was needed for a m .n, who had d&red to rosd was rough, and through a wilderness oppose duelling in the Southwest at a time where he esteemed himself fortunate in find when it was popular in t^at section, and ing lodging places at nightfall. As he passed whose fame in th9 early reaming of his life the Virginia line the country was better popu¬ had extended throughout the land. lated, and occasionally the tedium of his jour- r Hardin’s career was a long and successful ney was interrupted by the company of a trav¬ one. In early life he became famous at the eler going on his way. One evening, as his1' bar, on the “stump” and in state and national road was passing the eastern declivities of the councils, and so remained until his death. Blue ridge, he approached a town where he “His intellectual manhood never fell into ruin, proposed to rest for the night. Behind him but while stnjLl shining in meridian splendor) he heard the sound of horses’ hoofs. In a few was suddenly and irrevocably eclipsed by the minutes three dapper-looking young gentle- shadow of death.” He was a lifelong Whig men mounted on spirited horses overtook him. ) and during the latter years of hi3 life united From their dress, outfit and manner he re&d- with the Methodist Epicopal church south. i'.y recognized them as belonging to the Vir¬ There a- e two accounts of Ban Hardin’s ginia gentry. They exchanged the salutations personal appearance, one representing him as of the road, and Mr, Hardin discovered that neat and tidy and the other making record of they—as was characteristic of this class—were ' him as slouchy and indifferent in dress. It| uprightly good-humored, and satisfied with seems that ip early life he gave much care to themselves on all points. On the other hand his dress, but in later years he became rather the young men, from a certain air of careless careless of his personal appearance. .awkwardness and the unpretentious character! Ben Hardin was a man of [generous hospital¬ of his trappings, set Mr. Hardin down aB a ity and welcomed all guests alike, whether country bumpkin. But few words passed from knob cabin or palatal mansion. Hie before he discovered "how ho was esteemed character was largely mould ;d by hi3 mother by his young companions, and he thereupon and greatly refined by his wife, the one being resolved to act the part attributed to him. He of strong mind and great risolution and tte soon learned from them that they were on other of good culture and exiellent taste. their way to the town near by; that a debat¬ ing society would meet there that evening, 8. T. Wiley. J ( Concluded Tome -row ) ,«**■“ and that they were to participate, and in fact were leaders in the debate. He inquired the question to be debated. It proved to be one with which he was entirely familiar, having From,. had occasion frequently to debate it in his congressional canvass. He was asked if he ever made speeches. He replied that he had spoken in debating societies, but that they never debated questions like that in Kentucky, where he lived. “Which produced the most Date, flat-, ML/SCd , happiness, pursuit or possession,” and the [ like, he said, were the kind of ^aootione debated in the west. From his artless ques¬ THE H Alt DM FAMILY. tions and answers the young gentlemen con-! eluded that they had found a character who j ADDITIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF; would afford Berne amusement if he could' be induced to speak at the debating society. 1 HON. BEN. After having made several awkward excuses he ' yielded to solicitation, and agreed to speak ifi His Career in Congress—How He Made allowed to come last. He said he could “pick the Trips to and From the Sessions. up some points from other speakers aad be j sort o’ prepared.” t l Taken for a Bumpkin by Some of the He asked how many taverns there were in I Members—He Surprised Thom — His the town, and which was the cheapest. His /. / Oratorical Triumph. pew iriends told him there werelwo, but that blunt end of any candidate who opposes vhey would stop at the better one and he must just, proper and natural division. (Cheers. go with them—which,under hospitable compul¬ Having shown you that this end of the county sion, he did. if he young men were convinced is thus by nature, and should by law from the"' they had encountered an innocent abroad, and other. My next consideration is the county privately gave out in town on their arrival seat. To gentlemen as intelligent as you, and ’.Lore was fun in prospeot. as familiar with the section to be divided off, ! A larger crowd than usual gathered that I need not point out that Hodgenville will be evening at the debating hall. Expectation the center of the proposed county; and where, was on tip-toe. The young gentlemen escorted but at the center, should the county seat be ? their guest (for such they now esteemed him) (Cheers.) Gentlemen, yon have doubtless to tho hall, and ostentatiously seated him heard the removal of our state oapital spoken ’ where the audience could have fair view of of As it is, it is up in the north corner of the .him. Mr. Hardin was more artless than ever. state, wheie it is about as conven¬ The audience made no attempt to conceal its ient a situation for the capital of I amusement. The debats in due time began. the whole state as Elizabethtown (the | Mr. Hardin's young friends of the road made oounty seat of Hardin) is to be the speeches, and as they had carefully prepared county seat of your proposed new county. themselves for the occasion they acquitted The same reasons that induce us to separate themselves with credit. Finally it came his this part of the county from 4h.e other should time. make us move the ^ap’‘4ii. We must move it, He had managed to tell his name in such a and to the centre ot the stale. Now take a way that it had not been understood. In fact map. Kentucky is four hundred and twenty his name had been a matter of indifference to miles long by about one hundred and forty j his new friends. “At that moment,” said miles wide in the centre. Now the new coun¬ Hardin long afterward, “I never felt in more ty will be on a perpendioular line ju3t seventy ielegant trim for speaking in all my life.” He miles from the Ohio river, and two hundred [arose with an assumed awkwardness that and ten from each end of the state, and Hod¬ caused a titter to go around. He slowly genville is the centre of the new county. I straightened his stalwart form —assumed have thus mathematically demonstrated to you an air of dignity that completely changed that the sta e capital should be removed to ! Hodgenville. (Enthusiastic cheering ) Fel- [his appearance—his eyes lightened with the 'fires of intelligence, and in the modulated |low citizens, I have been inadvertently led into 'voice of a trained orator he began his speech. these questions, but I will proceed farther. I He illustrated all the art and power of oratory. [In the late war (the war of 1812) Washington Argument, pathetic eloquence, wit, invective, oity was burned by the British, and why ? and ridicule came in full overwhelming tide Because it was our exposed border. The na¬ He metaphorically tore his roadside acquaint¬ tional capital should be removed from the Atlantic coast, and to the centre of the union. ances limb from limb. He ridiculed them; he dissected them. The audience was at first Kentuoky is tho great seal set in the centre of our mighty republic, as you astounded. They questioned the sense of sight and hearing. But as the situation will see by enumerating the surround¬ dawned upon them they were oarried away by ing states, and, as I have already shown you that this is the center of Kentucky, ienthusiasm. They laughed and wept and it follows th»t the national capital should be stamped and shouted. He at last concluded I removed to Hodgenville.” As some began to , by informing the audience that he had truly I smell a large Norway by this time, the cheer- said he was from Kentucky; that his home was ' iug was not quite so loud. “Nay,” said the at Bardstown, which, on accout of its refine¬ orator, in a Durst of enthusiasm, “Hodgen- ment and learning, was sometimes called lhe Athens of the West, and that he was a mem¬ , ville is the center of God’s glorious and beau ber of congress and then on his journey to 1 tiful world ?” Washington City. The young gentlemen who “Ho* in the devil do you make that out?” I said an irritated voice in the crowd. The had originated the jest meantime had slipped out and made good their retreat. Next morn¬ 1 speaker drawing himself up, and sweeping his ing a large and admiring crowd gathered at ,1 forefinger in a grand circle around the horl- the tavern to speak to him and bid him good !zon, said; “Look how nice the sky fits down bye. all around Addressing an audience one day on the ques¬ tion of dividing Hardin county, Mr. Hardin I said: “Fellow citizens,Ihear everywhere that there is a decided wish to divide Hardin county, and j some, I regret to say, oppose it. Why ? I ask | why? fellow oitizens. Look at this end of Hardin. It comes ont of the way. It pro- Date, // jeots like the toe of a boot; and, fellow citizens. /V | the toe of that boot ought to be applied to the THE LINCOLN'S OF FAYETTE COUNTY. BY JOHN S. RITENOUK. Copyright, 185k, by the Author. V/KITTEN FOR THE GENIUS] have always believed themselves to I. be of the same tribe as the president, j THE LINCOLN GENEALOGY. the belief being based on the knowl Mordecai Lincoln, who settled in edge that their progenitor, Mordecai North Union township, Fayette Lincoln, came from Berks county. county, Pa., about four miles from Pa., from whence emigrated also the J Uniontown, in the year 1792, and Lincolus of Virginia and Ken¬ who died and is buried there, was a tucky. Prompted more by the mo¬ brother of John Lincoln, the great¬ tive of curiosity than any other sen¬ grandfather of Abraham Lincoln, timent, the writer has undertaken President of the United States. in his rare leisure hours the investi¬ The researches of historical wri¬ gation of this belief, with the result ters since the civil war have re¬ that he has discovered it to be en¬ vealed with reasonable fullness and tirely sound, and to fully justify the unquestionable accuracy the Lincoln statement made in the introductory sentence of this paper. family history, from the departure of Samuel Lincoln, a weaver, aged II. 18 years, from the town of Hingham, SAMUEL LINCOLN. vEngland, about 1637, down to the Now, to begin at the beginning, time of President Lincoln. The which is a good place to start from : president himself knew practically The root of the Lincoln family tree nothing of the history of his own in this country —the particular tree family, and, great a figure as he was that flowered in the presidency of in the eye of the world after 1860, he the United States—was Samuel had the moral courage to admit this Lincoln, of Hingham, England,* in the following extract from a let¬ who emigrated to and settled in 8a- ter written to a friend, J. W. Fell: lem, Mass., in 1637, when ha was 18 “Mv paternal grandfather, Abra ham Lincoln, emigrated from Rock¬ years of age. The Liocolu name is of* ingham county, Va, to Kentucky, 'Norman origin. Samuel had been about 1781-2, where a year or two .’preceded four years to this country! later he was killed by Indians. His by his brother Thomas. The maiden| ancestors, who were Quakers, went to Virginia from Berks county, Pa name of Samuel Lincoln’s wife was I An effort to identify them with the Martha, but her family name ha3 New England family of the same never been ascertained. name ended in nothing more defi Samuel and Martha Lincoln had nite than a similarity of Christian en children, the fourth being Mor i names in both families, such as Enoch, Levi, Mordecai, Solomon, ecail., born June 14, 1657. This* Abraham and the like. My father, son became a blacksmith, learning at the death of his father, was but his trade of Abraham JoDes, ofl six years of age, and he grew up lit¬ Hull, Mass., whose daughter, Sarah, I erally without education.” he married. He died in 1727. His Since the death of the president, grave is in the cemetery at North the pedigree of the main branch of Scituate, Mass. the Lincoln family has been so Mordecai I and Sarah Jones Lin-! clearly established that no one who! coin had four children, the first of1 wishes to learn about it need remain whom was Mordecai II, born April1’ ignorant. But there has been little 24,1686. Two more children, Eliz-I or no inquiry into the collateral abeth and Jacob, were boru to Mor- j branches; for the sufficient reason, decai Lincoln I by a second wifef of course, that all the interest has whose name is unknown. been naturally centered in the di¬ rect line from which the president HI. I TUDg. MORDECAI LINCOLN II. he Lincolns of Fayette county Mordecai Lincoln II, born in 1686 inamed, to sell, and divide the emigrated from Massachusetts to !money between them. Freehold, Monmouth county, New And I do hereby further order Jersey, where he bought land in and appoint that if any one or more 1720, and where hs married Hannah of my children above named should |happen to die before they arrive to Salter before 1714. Later be settled their full age, then such share or in Berks couuty, Pa., (then Phila¬ shares shall be equally divided delphia county.) He made his will amongst the following children : Feb. 22, 1735, and of coutse died be¬ Item.—I give and bequeath unto tween that date and June 7 1736, my beloved wife Mary all the residue or remainder of my estate, when the will was proved. The goods, chattels, quick and dead, to name Lincoln is spelled in the will jbe at her disposal and liberty, to both “Lincon” and “Linkon.” It remain on my plantation at Amity ' is= signed “Mordecai Lincon.” The until these, my children, are at posthumous son of which the testa¬ their several ages; the better to enable my wife to briDg up all my tor writes as expected was born in ohildren without wasting or embez¬ due time and received the name of zling what I have left them. Abraham. Aod I do hereby nominate and appoint my wife Mary Uncon my Following is a copy of the will : whole and sole executrix of th's my IN THE NAME OF GOD, last will and testament, and my loy- AMEN. 1, Mordecai Lincou, of ing friends and neighbors, Jonathan Amity, in the couuty of Phila¬ Robison and George Boone, trustees delphia iu the Province of Pennsyl¬ to assistray executrix in seeing this vania, being sick and weak iu body, will and testament well and truly but of sound mind and memory, performed according to the true do make this, my iast will and intent and meaning thereof. testament, iu manner aud form The within named Mordecai following, revoking and hereby i Lincon did sign, publish, pronounce disannulling and making void ail and declare that this present writ¬ other aud former wills and testa¬ ing was his last will and testament ments by me made, whether in the 22nd day of February A. D. m word or writing; allowing this to be Domiui 1735 my last will and testament, and no MORDECAI LINCON. [seal] other. In the presence of us, Imprimis,—It is my mind that in Israel Robeson, the first place my just debts be Solomon Cole, honestly paid. John Bell. Item. —I give and bequeath unto my son Mordecai Linkon the half Letters testamentary were granted I or my laud situate in Amity and to to the widow, ‘‘Mary LiDcon,” by his heirs and assigns forever. P. T. Evans, register general, Phila¬ Item.—I give and bequeath unto delphia, June 7, 1736 The apprais¬ my son Thomas Linkon, his heirs ers who subsequently made an in¬ and assigns forever, the one-half of my land in Amity aforesaid, ventory of the effects styled th e with this proviso —that if my deceased, “Mordecai Lincoln, Gen¬ present wife Mary should prove tleman.” with child at my decease, and bring forth a son, I order that the said IV. land be divided into three equal CHILDREN OF MORDECAI II. parts, and (hat Mordecai shall have the lowermost or southeast part, So, according to the will, the chil¬ and Thomas tne middle most, and dren of Mordecai Lincoln II, were the posthumus the upper most. Mordecai III, who came to Fayette Item.—I give and bequeath unto county, Thomas, Hannah, Mary, my daughters HaoDah and Mary a John, Add, Sarah and Abraham, certain piece of land at Ma'japonia, all ready eettled on them by a deed eight in Dumber, all of whom clearly 1 of gift. appear to have been minora when Item.—I give and bequeath unto the will was written. my son John Lincon a certain piece It is known that Abraham was of land lying iu the Jerseys,contain¬ ing three hundred acres, and to the youngest child. John was prob¬ his heirs and assigns forever. ably the eldest, since be was born in Item.—I give and bequeath unto New Jersey and came to Berks my two daughters Ann and Sarah county with his parents. The oth¬ and to their heirs and assigns ers may have been born in the order iW forever one hundred acres of land lying in Matjaponia,which land I do named in the will, but this is merely order my executrix, hereinafter an inference, and may be entirely jaccurate, since John, the eldest, is is no occasiou to doubt. the fifth named in that instrument. Hannah Salter was the daughter The words of the will, “my pres¬ of Richard and Sarah Bowne Salter. ent wife Mary,” imply that she was Her father was a lawyer, judge and not HauDah Salter, first wife of the member of the provincial assembly. testator, and this was the fact. Mor- The Berks county land that Mor¬ decai Liucoln II married a second decai Lincoln purchased became time, in Berks couuty, but the dates vested in him in 1730, and from this of this marriage and of the death of fact one would naturally argue that his first wife are unknown; nor is 1730 fixes the time of his removal anything known, so far as the from New Jersey ; but it is not con-; writer has information, of the fam¬ elusive. ily name of the second wife. John v. was the son of the first wife and Abraham of the second. That much THE ESTATE. is definite enough. The maternal The property that Mordecai II di¬ parentage of the other six children vided among his three eons, Mor-| is pretty much a matter of conjecture decai III, Thomas, and his posthu as between the two wives. Ann mous son, Abraham, consisted of I Lincoln married a man named Tall- 1,000 acres of land on the east bank j man. of the Schuylkill river, in Exeter Coffin’s “Life of Lincoln” says1 township, near Reading. This was! Mordecai Lincoln II was married in a Quaker comnaunity. known as the! Massachusetts before going to New Oley settlement. The Boones lived Jersey; a\«o that his son John was here, and the George Boone ap- 5 horn in Massachusetts, aDd accom¬ pointed as one of the trustees by the panied him to New Jersey. The will of Mordecai II, was an uucle of accuracy of these statements is the celebrated Daniel Boone. doubtful. If, however, they are to Among the 76 taxables in Exeter be accepted as facts, then Mordecai township in 1741, says “Rupp’s His j Lincoln was married three times, tory of Berks and Lebanon Coun¬ twice before he was 28 years old. ties,” wer8 Mordecai Lincoln, Abra But under present knowledge it is ham Lincoln, William Boone, Ben¬ wiee to discard altogether the ideas jamin Boone, Joseph Boone and of a Massachusetts marriage. There John Boone. George Boone, a na¬ is no record of it to be found ; in¬ tive of England, took out a warrant deed, no record even of the Christian | in 1718 for 400 acres of land in Oley 1 or family name of the alleged Mas¬ township, then in Philadelphia 'J sachusetts wife. Lincoln had mar¬ county. Exeter township waserect-j i ried Hannah Salter at Freehold, N. ed Dec. 7, 1841. It was originally J , not later than 1714, as shown by the south part of Oley township. a will, of date that year, made by The township line euclosed about! Capt. John Bowne, bequeathing to 13,500 acres. The survey was made|9 his neice, Hannah Salter Lincoln, by George Boone. £250. But the will of Mordecai The London Company, consisting Lincoln, made in 1735, wh6n he was of Tobias Collett, Daniel Quair and® 49 years old, positively indicates, as Henry Goldney, took up a traot of I i already shown, that at that time all 1,000 acres on the ea9t side of thej of his children were minors. The! Schuylkill river. The warrant was date of this will, 1735, is 21 years signed Oct. 18, 1716. William Penn after his marriage to Hannah Salter, i in 1699 had granted to this com ii as fixed by the will of Major Bowne. j pany 60,000 acres in Pennsylvania. This would carry the birth of John) The 1,000 acres referred to were) Lincoln back to about 1714. It is taken in part thereof, and on Nov.! probable he was approximating hisi 9, 1717, the patent was issued. In twenty first year when his father February, 1718, the company grant- j died. ed their right to Andrew Robeson, | Mr. Coffin further states that Ann then of Roxbury township, Philadel¬ and Sarah Lincoln were the chil¬ phia county. This tract became dren of Hannah Salter, which there vested in Mordecai Lincoln II in | Jay, 1730, and he devised it to his ty, Kentucky, in i»nq ,h. !8’ Mordeeai and Thomas, and his hummus son, Abraham. jcolnruie,tTh °f Morde^i bTu8 VI. The Booup Ea:vette cour)ty in 1812 THE LINCOLNS AND BOONES, ;?rtrr;e- brief digressiondT* ^ reader here forWil1 the pardon a ita— is shown by 2 fZ: JT Tbia ehiobT iRtimate reiatio“- ah P between06 th6the Boone and Lin- coin t f marned Abraham Lin. iaJer rili69, Tbere Were cuiu, was dealt with by the arnages between them. The monthly meeting iu ^for ^ / “ °f the Boones was Geo. Boone Irsing out of the church l „ | r,Brad^Ch> Eear Exeter, De- 'acknowledged This a Whlch she was tb« n i lb Ao° Boone have l!?’ Eagiaild' who appears to the daughter of James Ro have come over about 1717 He probably gave the name Fx^'ter ‘o and a named Fo«!ke 8he the place where he located. He was -was the cousin of Daniel Boone. 'a member of the society ofFdends wSThe nS!Tnd’ Abraham Lincoln dymg in 1740. aged 78 years. ’ Icai IT P°Jtbuai0ua son of Morde- He br°ther of Mordeeai III firT B°°ae’ gratJdson of the He died m 1806 aved 70 , T r ^60- Boone, married Sarah year of his birth 1730 " arp>" tbe 1 in 1748. This Sarah was year of n- , 1/36> was also the 1 likely the daughter of Mordeeai II ^ r of his father Mordecai’s death r Squire Boone, a;90 a 80n of fche Boone, was the father of Daniel years, from 1773 1770 u ? Boone, who was his fourth son and 'Office of c-unit ! 1779, he held the -sth child. Dan-1 was born in this 7 3 b® was emoted to the general [township of Exeter, Oct, 22, 1734 assembly pr0 . &CIJerai y. Lie had also been a 11820 h .at ?hWette' Mo'- Sept. 26, Justice of the Peace. 1 i.j\iizi'.,ved «»<■«> The Lincolns who now reside in Berks county are the descendants of teeeeaS8 qof rttue.BO oOley,e WS8 meeting °De °f thein l736trus- homas ana Abraham Lincoln the sons of Mordepai tt b-l 1 Pjovmg his status in the Quaker (there. ^ IL Who re“mned onureh at that time. But in 4743 Another prominent family ia erbs county, neighbors of the Lin¬ ZZ?°'bhr to‘ colns, was the Hanks family, some not a Quaker. Not «—•E long after sar^n" !‘T'\Li!ft there a^ ^e I a ^ l° E°rth Carolina n TrTnriT----v abOUtl75 x,W°-) tbatuact thetne mi-mi! *' aoiomao Ford, gratory spirit was awakened in the oZZy-Tn the Yadkin river. It was from bosoms of the Boones, Lincolns his place that Daniel Boone went er of!heer8' ^aDCy HaEb8’ moth upon Z° KeDtUCky aRd ^ l* lPresident, was a descend¬ rM“* o“e*r ”bu!b “«■>• »<«, ant of this Berks county family, but all attempts to obtain anything like 8,Julre Boone an accurate genealogical record of ** supposed to have left Berks f/uUBT10" haVS tbUS f8r beeE ;hai Z! 1 1 g0I°g south. At David J. Lincoln of Birdsboro nig ration toT exteE^« lfjpq S. C,01,UfK ’ {n a !etter writteu in .ennsv^ 80uth fro“ eastern 1883 stated that John Hanks had ac¬ led in ZT‘ J°Un LiucoIa *et- companied the Lincolns who went led in Bockmgham county, Vir- to Fayette county, and that from nTstiTrerT*ay °l biS deaceEd- I there he went on southward. This s stated TZ ,Hi8 800 Abr^, |is toe extent of our information as stated in the letter of the crest eufc to Mr • Presi- l”° fcne Pre8er*ce of any of the Hanks isre to v \ PeIi* emigr»ted from family in Fayette county, and it / hornl! ?Cky> Abraham’s son may be entirely inaccurate,probably J fa7wh th6 father of Presi- is. Mordeeai Lincoln did not leave ’ Wb0 was bor°in Hardin coun¬ Berks county until more than thirty years after the migration of hia A writer in the Philadelphia Fub 4 brother John, about 1750, and it was lie Ledger of July 8th, 1891, says at i more than forty years later before that date there was an Abraham he finally settled iD Fayette county. Lincoln living in Caernarvon town¬ ship, Lancaster county, about 14 VII. miles from Reading. He was over OLBY, AMITY AND EXETER. 80 years of age, and had spent hit The townships of Oiey, Amity entire life on the farm on which ht and Exeter, with which the name' was liviug. In general appearance of Lincoln is so closely linked, all he was not uulike the martyred lie contiguous, and were mainly set president, having the same large tied by Quakers and Swedes. In erect, gaunt form, and retaining to a the early records of all three of these remarkable degree many of the no¬ the name of Lincoln appears These table physical characteristics of the townships antedate the erection of Lincoln tribe as disclosed in the Bartza county, which was created personality of the president. out of Philadelphia, Lauoaster and VIII. Chester counties in 1752 As al¬ MORDECAI LINCOLN III. ready stated, Mordecai II. died in May, 1736, and it is likely was There is uo data now at hand to buried in the Quaker settlement in show precisely the date when Mor¬ Oley, the meeting house and burial decai III, left Berks county, but it grounds of which are within the is known that he was for a time, present limits of Exeter township, how long is not known, a resident but the inscriptions oa many of the of Dauphin couuty, Pa., before tombstones are wholly obliterated, finally settling in Fayette county. and the grave of Mordecai Lincoln,: The Dauphin county records dis- \ if there at ali, is indistinguishable! close that on April 23, 1791, John from any of the others. Harris, gentleman, of Harrisburg,! The old meeting-hcuss still' sold for £33 to Mordecai Lincoln, stands, and it is one of the land¬ inn-keeper, of Hummeletov. d, lot marks of Berks county. It is one No. 11, on Chestnut street, Harris¬ mile from the present village of 8to- burg, containing about one-quarter nersville, and about ten miles from of an aore. A deed of same date as Reading. It is a plain brown stone above conveys the same property1 building, still in serviceable condi-j from Mordecai and Mary Lincoln;1 tion, and still in service, despite it to George Reddick for £306, gold andj has weathered the storms of more silver, “together with the houses,!; than 150 years. It was built on an kitchens, barns, stables and build-( 1 acre of ground bought by George ings ” The property must have , Boone from Thomas Penn, and the been an inn. Mordecai Lincoln same day transferred by Boone to signs his own name to the deed, but; trustees for the purposes of a Quaker his wife Mary was unable to write, house of worship. since her name is accompanied with the sign of “her X mark.” Among the boobs in the Berks county court house are some which That Mordecai Lincoln had lived contain the names of the taxpayers for several years in Dauphin county of each township during and after before removing to Fayette county the period of the Revolutionary is clear from the figures of a deed by war, showing that the assessments which, after he had settled in Fay¬ to raise money to meet the expenses ette county, he disposed of his Dau¬ of the war were heavy. In 1781 phin county property. This deed, Mordecai, John, Benjamin and; dated May 17, 1794, “between Mor- 1 1 Thomas Lincoln are named among decai Lincoln, of Union township, the taxpayers of Exeter township. in the county of Fayette, and State fl These were Mordecai III., his of Pennsylvania, yeoman, and \ brother Thomas, and his sons John Mary, his wife, of the one part, and and Benjamin. Valentine Hummel, of Derry town- : ship, in thecounty of Dauphin, State •! aforesaid, inn ksonsr >> ! I&e., that for £500, have sold to said of laud called ‘‘Union Green,” cSl * Hummel a lot of ground in Derry township, in a town caiied Fred Gaining .probably 200 or 250 acres.' 1 he two combined comprised all or ericktown, being lot No, 13, and nearly all the laud now owned and bought by Mordecai Lincoln from occupied by John and Elizabeth Peter FriedJy and wife Jan. 4,1787 Canon, the late John Jones and1 Signed, sealed and delivered,” John Hankins. Lincoln built the ■ jsays the deed, ‘‘in the presence of old part of the house in which Eiiz i Benjamin Lincoln and John Jones, abeth Canon now lives. 'i the day and year above mentioned.” Of the personality of Mordecai |The acknowJedgment is May 5, Lincoln, his mental and physical j 1795‘‘before James Finley, one of traits, we know only through tradi¬ the judges of the court of common ' |pleas of Fayette county.” tion ; and the information trans¬ mitted in this way is as scant as it The last record we have of the is unsatisfying. No one now living presence of Mordecai III. ja Berks ever saw or talked to him. He was jcounty is in the statement that he sixty years of age when he settled ' jwas a taxpayer in 1781. We have in Fayette county, a tali, strong, <’ jseen that he had bought property in vigorous, large-boned, angular old DauPhia county in 1787, so his emi¬ man, having ail the distinguishing gration from Berks county must facial and physical characteristics of have been between 1781 aud 1787 the Lincoln blood—prominent nose The Fredericktown referred to in and ears, suggestive ofa dominating the deed to Valentine Hummel is mentality and generous disposition ; now Jinown as Hummelstown, a heavy, overhanging eyebrows aud post-borough of about 1,000 popula¬ sturdy chin. He was prudent, in¬ tion, nine miles east of Harrisburg dustrious, law-abiding, and notably It was laid qut by Frederick Hum- methodical in the business affairs of j |mel in 1762. | every-day life. These are among VIII. the elements of good citizenship. IN FAYETTE COUNTY. His love of order aud system is dis¬ M°r(lecai Lincoln was accompa- closed in the manner in which he jnied to Fayette county in 1791 or kept his ‘‘Family Book,” which is 11792 by his wife Mary, his two sons, still in the possession of the Jones Benjamin his first and John his seo- family. He carefully kept accouuts 1oud; his two daughters, Nancy with all of his children, and made [Ann] and Sarah, and theij^sLus- everything even between them id bands, Jacob Gigerand John Jones. his will. The followipg extract ' Unfortunately nothing more is rom his book enumerates the num- tsnown about his wife than that her aer and value of the articles with same was Mary, and that she was which he dowered his daughter an invalid duriDg the last 30 years Sarah when she married John of her life. They were married in Jones: Berks eouDty, and . buried two Uivan to my Daughter Sarah £ s. L)ga Cf»ge of Dr.-twrs. k 10 daughters, Hannah, and another fine dialog label. . v One lea t*bel ... whose name is unknown, before O jf Bed and Bed uVosibeL’"""" 10 leaving that county. Hannah Lin Oat: Cow... 5 One pot & one ketlel. . o coin was born in 1761. She and her One tea ksitel... n One S iddel.6 sister both died young and unmar¬ tA half d- z-jd knives & forks’..'.’.'.’..’.’ ried. One skimmer, iadel & fl Sh fork One tub.. Four miles from Uniontown, in To cash. i To trying par.0 what is now North Union town¬ Ta pew lei.]“[“ i ship, Lincoln boughta tract of land, :i7 10 called ‘‘Discord,” from Isaac Pearce, (To 2 Co ws.... u To 3 stieep.. L the patentee. It contained 320J 6 »cres and allowance, and the price 45 paid was 500 pounds. In addition The late John Jones related the 'O thia he Procured a patent from ifollowing incident which he had die commonwealth for another tract [heard his grand father, Mordecai Lin Item—4th'y I Also leave and b , . often tell. It is given to illua I | unto my son John L'ncoln six poundss 1 trate the natural feeling of reaent- anually’of Interest Drawn from a bond I Lment that follows imputation of have on my son Benjamin Lincoln lone’s veracity and to show that the Until! said Bond becomes Due from and after my Deceace. ■ Lincoln family entertained a praise Item—5th I leave and bequeath unto "worthy pride in their reputation for Mary Lincoln wife of my son John the truthfulness. Abraham Lincoln, Residue of Interest on said Bond untill the young brother of Mordecai, was it becomes Due after such monies is taken the one most concerned in this . out of said Bond as shall appear a legal Compensation for the services of my incident, which occurred in Berks Executors During their Executorship county. Abraham had been a wit¬ and the Interest of the Residue to be ness in a case in court. During aplyed for the use and support of her five the course of the argument to the youngest children twt John, Nancy, laferty, paterson & abby, and the afore jury his veracity wa3 attacked by said bond I require to be put inti the the opposing counsel, which angered hands of my Executors and when it be¬ him deeply. After the trial he ac¬ comes Due I devise the One third part costed the attorney, saying : .aid bond unto my son John Lincoln! t0 paid to him in the space of one ‘•How much would it cost to year s-ffer saij gond becomes due. Also knock a lawyer down ?” I devise third part of said Bond unto “Twenty dollars,” was the reply. Mary Lincoln v,tfa 0f my son John to be paid .in maner and aforesaid. I Lincoln laid him out on the floori also devise and bequeath the Residue or with a single blow, and taking from| other third part of said bond unto the his pocket a twenty dollar note five youngest Children of my son John spread it across his breast and left; Lincoln whose names are heretofore recited or the surviving part of them h- the court room. whop they arive to age and in case of the IX death of any of them to be Equally THE WILL OP MORDECAI LINCOLN.| divided amongst the Survivors to be paid in maner and form as aforesaid. Mordecai Lincoln died in March,j Item 6th—I leave and bequeath unto 1812, aud was buried on his farm. my daughter Nancy Giger one dollar to His wife died just two years later, be paid by my daughter Sarah Jones in addition to what I have heretofore paid in March, 1814. The property on to my daughter Nancy to be paid to her which the burial ground is located after my decease. was later owned by his grandson, Item 7th—I also devise and bequeath William Jones, and is now owned unto my daughter Sarah Jones all the; uses and profits of the tract of land she| and occupied by John and Elizabeth now lives upon, to be held and enjoyed Canon, his great graudchildren. | by her for eight years from and after| Following is a copy, verbatim et' this date, but if myself and iny wife! Mary should live until after the expira¬ literatim, of the will of Mordecai( tion of eight years in such case my Lincoln, as taken from the records daughter Sarah Jones is to enjoy all the of Fayette county. profits and benefits of said tract until our decease, and at my and my wife’s Upon the twenty-second day of Feb¬ decease my daughter Sarah is to be at ruary in the year of our lord Eighteen the expense of our interment and all Hundred and Eleven. I Mordecai Lin¬ coln Sr of-Union township, Payette other expenses to carry this will into exe¬ county and Commonwealth of Pennsyl cution and at my decease I also leave to vania being tar advanced in years but ot my daughter Sarah all the movable property I may be possessed at my death. sound mind and memory do make and Item 8th—I also leave and bequeath ordain this my last Will and Testament, i unto my grandson William Jones all the revoking all other will or wills hereto¬ above tract of land to take into posses¬ fore by me made. sion at the expiration of the term grant¬ Ith I Recommend my soul unto Al- ed to my daughter Sarah Jones, or after i mighty God who gave It and my body to my decease to be held and enjoyed by! the dust its original, tbareto be Interd him, his heirs and assigns forever, his: in a decent maner by my Represents-' paying out thereof unto my grandson I tives. John Jones the sum of one hundred 2dlv of those Worldly Goods whicn it; pounds when the said John arrives at the has pleased God to Endow me with 11 age of twenty-two years. leave and Bequeath In the following I now hereby constitute William I maner Twt. Swearingen my executor of all this my I 3dly I leave and unto my Son Benja- will and testament revoking all will or I -nin Lincoln the sum of one dollar to be wills heretofore by me made, in testimo-! I -v my Daughter Sarah Jones in one •cy whereof I have hereunto set my hand 1 - my Deceace. 31 and seal this Twenty-second day o'f Feb- last named is dead. Sarah Hunt ruary, m the year of our Lord one thous- married the late James Darby. and eight hundred and eleven. They had no children. Thomas L. I . MORDECAI LINCOLN [Seal] Hunt mariied Caroline Hendrick¬ Signed) 8ealed in the presence of us. son. They had one child, Mary Samuel McCt.kan, Samuel Smith. wife of Walter Bowie. William X Hunt, born Feb. 2, 1836, married Margaret Sembower ou Oct 17 | THE FAMILY OF BENJAMIN LINCOLN 1863. Their children were Isaac,’ Benjamin Lincoln was born in Robert, Mary F., Ellen, Margaret, Berks county, Oct. 29, 1756 He William, [dead] Hannah, Sarah .died Oct. 6. 1821. His wife was Lucy, Charlotte, Elizabeth, Eve (Elizabeth Orvis. She died Dec. and Benjamin Lincoln—13. j29th, 1846 aged 80 years. Both lie Elizabeth Lincoln married James in the family graveyard in North Junk. She is still living. jUnion township. Their children Phoebe Lincoln married Henry (in the order of birth were : Thomas, |Yeagley, The Hunts, Junks and Naucy, Abraham, Sarah, Mary, leagleys, are all well known in Hannah, Mordecai, Elizabeth and and about Uniontown, and are Phoebe. among the highly esteemed citizens Thomas Lincoln married Mary of Fayette county. Henshaw and died in Carmichaels, Mordecai Lincoln married Jane Greene county, where their son, Hewitt. He died Oct. 2,1851, aged 50 Thomas L. Lincoln, now lives. j’eare, and his wife died Aug. 3,1873 Nancy married Daniel Wood- in her 68th year. Their daughter’ nuancy, and their daughter Rhoda Nancy died June 15th, 1865, aged married first Gabriel Lennon and LJ Sears. Another daughter second Heury Zearing. Phoebe A., died Feb. 5, 1852, aged Abraham Lincoln married Patti three days. Their son Mordecai Cole, Their children were all Jives now at McClellandtown. daughters. There is no trace of 1 XL them now. Abraham died in the FAMILY OF JOHN LINCOLN. Uniontown; when, not known. John Lincoln was bora in Berks Sarah Lincoln married James (county, March 28, 1758. The date ol Russell, and they settled in Ohio bis death is not known. His body (leaving, so far as I have been able to lies in the family burial ground. iearn, no trace behind them. Hss wife was Mary Lafferty, of Phil , Mary Liu coin married James adelphia. Their children, not in Hagan, aud they too went to Ohio the order of birth, were Morde 'disappearing as completely as the cai, William, Jesse. Abigail, Han- T2 Russells. nah, Jemima, Mary (Polly), Sarah, Hannah Liucoln, who was born John, Nancy, Lafierty, Patterson,’ Feb. 19. 1795, and died in Union- and Abigail again, the latter born f town Feb. 10, 1889, married Isaac after the death of her elder sister . it I;. Hunt on Juue5:b, 1819. Their Of some of these children we know (children were Jacob, Benjamin little, and of others much. iLincoln, Daniel, Isaac L., Mordecai Mordecai Lincoln went to Ohio. ’ Lincoln, Sarah, Thomas Lincoln, where he died. He never married. and WiUiam. Isaac L , Sarah and Jesse Lincoln, who died in Union V/.lliam are still living. The town December 18, 1869, aged 82 others are dead, Benjamin Lincoln years, married Haunah Jones, who Hunt married Sarah Thompson, died in Uniontown June 17, 1877 and they had children Anna, aged 83 years. The 11 children of Napoleon R, Daniel, Donna) Jesse and Haunah Lincoln were Thompson, Emma and Belle B Lafferty, Mary, David, Margaret, *11 living. Isaac L. Hunt married John, Benjamin, Phoebe, Richard Elvira Inks, and their children S., Martha, Amanda aud Samuel. were George, Thomas, Ad >lph, Phcebe Lincoln married Philip Bo- John, Chanes, James, Isaac N,, gardus, both of whom at this Haunah, Elizabeth and Elvira. The writing live in Uniontown. [Mr. 32 Lafferty Lincoln died in Bogardus haB since died.] ton county, O., where he marriec Abigail Lincoln the elder was I have no information touching his never married. Sbe was killed by i family. the falling limb of a tree April 5, Patterson Lincoln married Mar¬ 1807, aged 17 years. garet Hedden, of Upper Middle- Hannah Lincoln married John P. town. They went to Nebraska. Mr. Sturgis, and one of their grand-] Lincoln died a few years ago, and children is Hon. George C. Sturgis, bis wife is probably dead also. One of Morgantown, W. Va. of their sons hs named Daniel Jemima Lincoln married John Boone, thus commemorating the Oldshue, and one of their children early ties cf relationship between was the late Lincoln Oldshue, an| the Boone and Lincoln families, eminent physician of the city of John Lincoln married Tillie Ald¬ Pittsburgh. ridge, and they settled in Ken¬ Mary (Polly) Lincoln married tucky, where he died without issue. Jacob Springer. They had no issue. William Lincoln, who was the1 Sarah Lincoln married David* ninth child of John Lincoln, was Downey Shaw, and they had nioe| boru October 11th, 1790, in North, children, three of whom, Miss Mary Union township, near the present Jane Shaw, Mrs. Hester Springer! dwelling of the late John Jones. and Mrs. Elizabeth A. Ritenourj He left Fayette county to serve bis| still live in Uniontowu. country during the war of 1812 Of John Lincoln we have no rec¬ Alter this war he lived for a while U ord. He married, but had no fam in Kentucky, removing later to P r ily. Nancy (Ann) Lincoln, who was New York, where he finally settled: born Oct. 18, 1802, married James at West Constable, Franklin coun¬ Ralston on Deo. 25, 1828. She was ty. There he raised his family aud j his second wife. They took up their there he died. His wife, Amy; abode near Ashland, Ohio, where Briggs, died in 1867, aged 77 years 1 John Ralston was born on Decem¬ William Lincoln and Amy BriggS ; ber 8th, 1829. He is now living in had five children, viz : Ira B., Wil- J Ellis county, Texas. Robert Ral liam, Mary, Lydia and Oscar. Ira ston, born February 15th,' 1832, B. married Ann Eliza Taylor of died in infancy. Er. Ralston, born Middiebury, Vermont, Mary and January 23cd, 1834, is now a resi¬ Lydia Lincoln died of child birth : dent of Weston, W. Va., and Lydia’s husband was Andrew Lor- has been since May 18th, 1856 rnout aud Mary’s was George King, In the spring of 1835 James Ral both being dead. William Lincoln , ston moved from Ashland to Ply¬ married Fanny Parr, and they had mouth township, Richland county, five children. Their home is in Ohio, three miles south-west of the Plattsburg, New York. Oscar Lin¬ village then called Paris, since coln married Lucy Deno, and they] ! changed to Plymouth, where, on live in Donovan county, Mo. They June8,1836, Mary Ralston was born. have one child Ira B. Lincoln has She is living iu Rochester, Indiana. an only child, a daughter, named! Silas Ralston was born October Lillian B Lincoln. He lives inj 11th, 1833 He went to Pike’s Peak, East Saginaw, Mich , where heisaj (Jo!., about 1862, thence to Montana, prosperous lumber merchant. He where he was elected sheriff of Gal- visits Uniontown occasionally on; iaiiu county, where be was killed business. in the discharge of his duty as such. XII. Jane Ralston, born October 9th, THE JONES FAMILY. | 1840, is now living with her hus¬ Sarah Lincoln, who married John} band and family of three boys Jones, bora coming from Berks on a farm in Ellis county, Texas, county with Mordecai Lincoln, Martha Ralston, born March 31st, was born in Berks county, Feb-, 1843, is now in Ellis county, Texas. ruary 25, 1767, and died Jan.} Ann Lincoln Ralston died at 25, 1838. Her husband died in May, Plymouth, Ohio, February 25 th, 1849. / 1802, aged 40 years. Their children same p]ace. She is also unmarried jwere Mary, William, Eleanor, [Nancy and John. We will take them in the order here named. luore ihau re,"i"‘ f“r Mary, born in Berks or Dauphin Isabella, boro Dec. 10, 1820 ol the county, Pa., Nov. 25,1787, married Joseph Butler in Fayette county, jber l, ;8Mr b,>U8e moved West, lived in Ohio for some years, bad one child, came back | Elizabeth, born Feb. 11, 1823 on home on a visit and died at the t e Laurel Hill farm. She is ’ uu. house of her sister, Nancy Canon, “*a"Ied and liv™ iu the house built July 30, 1830. Her child, Sarah, y Mordecai Lincoln, owning a part of his farm. p was always called Sally. Sarah married John Hall. The Halls had Agues, born Nov. 27, 1824, at the two children, Joseph and John. ame Place. Li her youth she went For a long time they lived near to Missouri, where she lived with Cincinnati, Ohio. When last heard relatives and taught school. She from they lived on adjoining farms .met and married Dr. Jabez Robin- isoo while thsrs a few miles out from Hamilton, arid nn bbe 8Urv*ved him Butler county, Ohio. »nd now lives in Uniontown. William, also born in the east, Mary, born Mar. 29, 1827, at the |Jan. 5, 1789, lived ail his life on the luntrv P'aCe'. 8he taught school for I farm in North Union township, iives withr|S’bUt-ha9 D0W retired and never married, and died at the nves with her sister Sarah. homestead April 21, 1872. lartba, born Jan. 26, 1829, at the ' . Eleanor, born on the farm ip [North Union township, Nov, 25, teacher She now resides with 1792, married l8aac Patterson,’ ship 1 iD North Union town- moved to Ohio, living and dying Ge0, Paterson, one 0f her |janaU25fc1, 183? ^ ^ 8ameP'ace, cbWdren, lives ln Cedar Rftpj « i ~°> 1831, went west- several years before the war and has never (been heard of since. in Northf Nancy, bora on the farm William, born April 19 1833 in il79? town9biP- June 25, 1796 married Daniel Canon, who Menailen township, where his fatb- , iborh J7d iD the ^urel Hill ieigh- !r *"*» Uaurel Hill. He l died there Oct. 30, 1837. thl n°°'Vf*ided at Vari0U8 P<*ces in fe&coU8i. horn at ia fa"m inTdied ^ 31’ ^3, on Oct 8 1«Q- , 1 h 89me p!ace. I ^ 8‘ 183°’ aBd died Deo. 7, 1837. *> eoTn !h UuiOD toWD9biP in tne possession of her bus Mrs. Agnes Robinson had three chi.dreu. Charles W., who was born on the Lincoln farm 2' 1858' iD Uoioutown 1802, and (bed in Missouri Aug 10 18fi9 . married Jane Van Poth Bre DOW deaj Mr B"!'>;°™ - “ eio i \ ,ed lhere Al,g-7- J^2; I JT- h 189L Th6^ b*<* ‘ Lee, born III Oregon city jeth s'6"’ ViZ’ William Miesoun, July 25, 1864; has bad the H1 t ?arah’ Peri)ard Van. |k p, John, James N., Mary, Nancy S oc fortune to live up to this pres- ent wnt.ng, now reeides ,n UujoQ_ »>, Samuel, Tanison RebeccI sther. Some of these town and praclices law; was mar¬ are ried June 19, 1889, to Laverna R. • mi l. bey have one eon, John P, Wz:D""" C‘”°" h“dte" Lowne, born Oct., 29, 1890 xnr. C'ir *-« «• oi« E, T* ,<‘ -Mr Labrel Hill THE GIGEK FAMILY. nvo He rever carried. He I Tbe descendants of Nancy (Ann) " N.«rnW-“h b?s s*ater Elizabeth Giger—some spell the name Kiger— in worth Union township. appear to be pretty well scattered Sarah, born April 28, 1819, at the ;and lost. Mrs. Giger was born Nov m of the amount of labor i [769 Her body was' interred on the preparation even of father's farm- Her husband’s short and imperfect as these name was Jacob.' Both came to Fay¬ where there are no evidences of ap¬ ette county with MordecarLmcoln. preciation there is not much incen¬ They had eight children, viz: Jonn, tive to prosecution of work. How¬ Henry, William, Lewis, Charles ever, if this publication in the Thomas, Polly and Sarah. The Genius should awaken interest latter married Samuel Shu m enough iu the matter, on the part Uniontown about 1810, and one of of those most directly concerned, their children was Henry Giger to lead to a financial assur¬ Shull, who died in April, 1859, at ance that, in the aggregate, Galion, O. A son of the latter, M. would justify the publication of a L Shull,is now a Justice of the Peace complete genealogical history with¬ and police magistrate at Longmont,, out personal loss to me.the enterprise Colorado. These are all the particu¬ will be undertaken. A guarantee lars of theGigersI have been ab.e of two hundred eopies at five dol¬ to glean. lars each would provide an edition m XIV- de luxe—for each subscribing family an elegant book that wouid be at by way op conclusion. once its history and its record, fit Both Benjamin and John Lm for preservation as an heirloom of coin lie with their father m the old no inconsiderable interest and £ave yard on the North Union vaiue. township farm. For much of the information's So far as I know now there are but incorporated in these papers I am two male descendants of Mordaca indebted to Charles Carleton Lincoln residing at this time Coflin’s “History of Abraham Fayette county. They are Mordecai Lincoln;” to the wonderful memory j Lincoln, son of Mordecai IV. and of Miss Mary Jane Shaw of Union- ^ grandson of Benjamin, who lives | town; to the assistance of William; near McClellandtown and She Hunt and H. L. Robinson ofj man Lincoln of Connel.svtlle. The Uciontown; and to the valuable,, latter is the son of Richard Stokes investigations of Howard M. Lincoln, son of Jesse, an Jenkins, of Philadelphia, into the nah Ann Haymaker Of theindire early history of Berks county. Mr. descendants of Mordecai I I there Coffin’s history of the president, are so many that it would fill many is the best one ever written, and columns of the Genius to name should be in the library of every one who feels an interest in the “Tbope the reader will Pardon j history of this great man and of a personal paragraph which I: wish to insert here as a means of his country. THE END. saying a word to those presum- . aWy interested especially m tbes j sketches. It was at onetime dur j From, ing the collection of this material my nurpose to ultimately amplify and 2+rUt.C.Ml prinUt handsomely in bookform.and to embody therein the family gene4 alogies of all the direct and collateral! Date descendants of Mordecai Lincoln j down to the present time, so far as it should be possible to secure them.; FIRST But so many of my letters of inquiry , ALEXANDER M’CLEAN, to these descendants have been un-j REGISTER AND RECORDER noticed that I have about abandon¬ ed the idea through a sense of dis ; An Accurate Sketch of This Disting¬ couragement. One who has never uished Pioneer Settler of Fayette undertaken such a task as this canl County, by One of His Lineal De- have but an inadequate conception; scendants-The Laying Out of the sale, which required among other BY JAMES HADDEN. things, the erection of a good substantial house at least 20 feet square, with a chim¬ ( The first settlers on this side of the ney of brick or stone laid in good lime I 'mountains were generally of a more sober and sand mortar, within two years, deeds 1 land orderly class than commonly hap¬ pens in the first settlement of a new i were not made, so the property reverted 1 back to Mr. Beeson who afterward dis¬ country. posed of them to other purchasers. '/ The population of what is now Fayette i county in 1770 was from 50 to 100 whites. Col. McClean, however, received deeds Within the next three years succeeding for lots Nos. 11 and 12, also Nos. 17, 18, 10 1770 Henry Beeson purchased the tract of and 20; the latter lying east of and adjoin¬ Samuel Douthett, before mentioned, the ing the public square, the other three ex¬ patent bearing date of Aug. 11,1786, issu¬ tending eastward to the alley along the ing directly to Mr. Beeson. Here he property of the heirs of E. G. Roddy and ( erected a mill, which was located near .running back to Redstone creek. On No. 0 where the residence of Dr. W. H.Sturgeon 19 he built a one story log house 20x20 feet -i^) now fit.n.nHsstands, anda.nH nnon t.hisathis aCCOUnt he gave with a brick or stone chimney laid in lime ^ his late purchase the title of Mill Seat, and sand mortar to comply with the con¬ tp which it ever afterwards retained. He ditions of the sale. To this he afterward 1 also built for himself a brick residence built a two story log addition fronting on which is still standing on the hillside fac¬ j the Main street, a covered porch connect¬ ing the town, and had some little preten¬ ing the two. Into this, at the urgent re¬ sion to style by having every alternate quest of Col. McClean and others, Mr. ; brick a “header” of dark and glazy ap¬ Benj. Campbell, a silversmith, was induced pearance, thus giving the whole front a to move from Hagerstown, Md., in 1778. checkered aspect. This old mansion has Here Mr. Campbell established his busi¬ been occupied for the last 35 years by Mr. ness and resided until about the year 1800, [Andrew Dutton and his sister Agnes who when Thomas Hadden, Esq., who had were grand children of Col. McClean’s married Elizabeth, tbe second daughter brother James. Many old residents of of Col. McClean, moved into it and resided Union town will associate this house with until his death, which occurred June 1, the tall, slender hickory tree which stands 1826, and his family still occupied it until near by,to the east this tree having a very the spring of 1831, when they moved to peculiar appearance by being trimmed up the brick building on the east side of the so high with only a bushy top, which tradi¬ same lot which Mr. Hadden had erected tion says was so shaped by the Indians. tor an office, and there the youngest, Upon this tract Col. McClean induced Mr. Elizabeth, and the last but one of the Beeson to lay off a town, using as argu¬ family, still resides: Mr. Hadden having ments that this section of the country [purchased it 20 years previous to his dath. would most likely, in the near future, con- On lot No. 20, Col. McClean built for jstitute a new county, and that on account his own use the most pretentious residence lot its favorable location on the natural in the village. This stood a considerable route from the east tq the unsettled west, distance back from Main street, as Peter the fertility of its soil for agricultural pur¬ street was the business thoroughfare at poses, here would quite probably be locat¬ that time. It had a covered balcony at ed the seat of justice, as Hannastown, the upper windows on the west end, and which was three miles from Greensburg, the interior was finished with pannel was the first place west of the Alleghenies work, carved cornices, and other orna¬ ] wllei'e tbe blind goddess held her scales, mentation unusual in houses of that ^ay land justice was dispensed according to west of the Allegheny mountains. Into , legal forms by the white man. To this this he moved, on coming to town, and town, which was burned by the Indians spent the remainder of his days, although j July 13, 1782, the early settlers were Com¬ on the 3rd of September, 1806, he deeded pelled to go in order to vote, and too re¬ this property to Thomas Mason and upon mote for the business interests of this which the Clinton house was afterward [section. In all these opinions Mr. Beeson erected and the site is now occupied by acquiesced, and in 1776 a town plat was the present new court house. The price surveyed, containing 54 lots with a front¬ Col. McClean paid to Mr. Beeson for this age of 72 J feet each on the street. This lot No. 20 was £2 (|5.33.) On Jan. 3, 1891, original plat occupied that part of the the county of Fayette paid George E. present borough extending from near the Hogg $32,500 for the same and also paid Eastern bridge to Morgantown street, on James I. Feather the further sum of $11,- each side of Main street and also one row 976 as damages to forfeit his lease and give of Hots on -Peter street. On July 4, 1776, possession. these iots were disposed of at Mr. Beeson’s mill by lottery or drawing, but few of the In the first assembly of the state of Penn¬ purchasers complying with the terms o? sylvania in 1776, Col. McClean was one of withstanding the'disappoint the members representing Westmoreland Clean must have felt at not securing cbuntv. In September of the same year office, as he has a numerous small family he was appointed a justice of the peace; dependent upon him, he received me with for this section of the same county. a- decree of generous friendship that does honor to the goodness of his heart, and REMINISCENCES. continues to show every mark of satistac- fton at mv appointment.” j * Col. McClean was, however, afterward] ALEXANDER M’CLEAN, FIRST (Oct . 31,1783) appointed by the supreme I REGISTER AND RECORDER. executive council to be a presiding justice] of the court of common pleas and orphans’ | court, which office exercised the same, An Accurate Sketch of This Disting-! power and authority as that of the presi-] j uished Pioneer Settler of Fayette dent judge of today: which office he filled i \ County, by One of His Lineal De- until April, 1787. The .first term of court] scendants-The Laying Out ol of quarter sessions and common pleas was] . Uniontown. held, as before stated, the fourth Tuesday j J in December, 1783, in the school house B BY JAMES HADDEN. which then stood where the present lock- ( In the summer of 1781 an expedition! up stands, before Philip Rogers, Esq., and; ( under the command of Gen. Clark of Vir-- his associates, Alexander McClean, Robert] , , ginia was organized to proceed against Adams, John Allen, Robert Ritchie and, \ -.he Indians west of the Ohio river. Drafts Andrew Robb, all justices in and for the , (were made throughout the Monongaheia county of Westmoreland. \ valley, and among those drafted was Col. Gen. Douglass writes of this court as], (McClean, but either through the inter¬ follows: “Our court opened Dec. 23d, and. cession of his brother Archibald, at York- our grand jury was really respectable.” town, with the supreme executive council, The appointment to the offices of register! or by virtue of his commission, held under of wills and recorder of deeds for the Pennsylvania as chief surveyor to run the county of Fayette was conferred upon; temporary boundary, upon which work Col. McClean Dec. 6, 1783, which offices] he was about to engage, he was excused he filled with ability and entire satisfac-j l from military service. In this expedition,.. tion continuously for a period of just fifty] J W Lochry, with 42 of his men, was killed years. To be sure, the business donem, on theti!« Ohiov/mw river, at- the mouth of the I these offices was not sufficient to occupy lViiaiUl,Miami, August 24, and Edward Cook was . much of his time, thus affording ample appointed. . ^ toi fill/ail the~ vxlonnplaee, Oand T» A KT1m 178- opportunity to attend to many duties be-, Col. McClean was appointed sub lieuten¬ sides. The first deed was recorded Jan. |5 ant of Westmoreland county to succeed I 13,1784, and in the entire year, the num-| Cook; hence he acquired the title of Col¬ ber recorded was 99, and in the following^ onel by which he was ever afterward year 60, and in that following, 42; in the! known. He entered upon the duties of same length of time there were 16 wills sub lieutenant in the spring and summer recorded, making in the aggregate 207 in- of 1782, holding courts of appeal at various struments recorded. The fees ranged ft times and at convenient places. These from 50 to 75 cents for recording and com¬ courts were held for the hearing of ex¬ paring, so we find the emoluments o-| cuses for not rendering military duty, and these offices were not so enticing as at the j transacting other business of a military present. Would scarcely meet the cam-, character. In 1782 Col. McClean was also paign (or champagne) expenses. The| ’ erectedelected a memueimember of the assembly^ from following is clipped from the NeWs| , Westmoreland county, in order to secure Standard of February, 1894: ‘ There! , the erection of a new county of this poi- were 198 deeds and mortgages filed m the] J f,iOI1 of Westmoreland, which object was register and recorder’s office during the] accomplished Sept. 26, 1783. He wasagain month of January. There were 46 mai-J elected to the assembly Oct. 3,1783. riage licenses issued.” Upon the erection of Fayette county The amount of business transacted mg (Sept. 26,1783), Col. McClean applied for these same offices for the term of three the appointment to the office of prothon- years immediately preceding Jan. 1, 1894,j otary, but Gen. Ephraim Douglass secured is as follows, viz: Deeds recorded, 8,15t;| the appointment Oct. 6, and entered upon wills recorded, 246; marriage licenses! the duties of that office at the first session granted, 2081; aggregating 10,486 instru-f of court, which was held the fourth Tues- j lllvHlWments recorded,-7 besides much other busij day in December following, which office | n3Ss devolving upon these offices. he held uninterruptedly until December, j 1808, when he resigned. Soon after his ■#3 nointment, he, in writing to Gen. Irvin *■, pitt. savs of Col. McClean: “Not-, window in each glebe of the court house, loffour panes each, of eight by ten.” A pair of stocks, whipping post and pillory • / | were afterwards ordered to be erected in ALEXANDER M’CLEAN, FIRST the court house yard.., The. rail fence ad¬ REGISTER AND RECORDER. joining had been previously used as stocks. I March 16, 1784, Henry Beeson “for the love he hath for the inhabitants, and six¬ \n Accurate Sketch of This Disting¬ pence,” deeds to the county of Fayette, uished Pioneer Settler of Fayette “Central Public Grounds.” This includes County, by One of His Lineal De¬ the lot he originally intended as the site scendants Incorporation of Un- for the public buildings, and on which iontown. Istood the first court house, and also lot No. 35 on the west; this latter Mr. Beeson BY JAMES HADDEN. had bought back from John Kidd for the Uniontown was incorporated as a bor¬ suinofflOO. Upon this enlarged lot was ough April 4, 1796, with Ephraim Doug- erected a new court house by Dennis ass and Col. McClean appointed as bur- Springer, which was completed about ■esses, of which Gen. Douglass was chief. Jan. 1, 1796. . 'here are no means of ascertaining in how Mr. Springer then lived on what is now nany borough offices Col. McClean after- the farm of Mr. Greenberry Crossland, yard served, as all the records were de¬ !east of town; his house, a frame painted stroyed up to May, 1842, by a fire which so as to present a cherered front, stood occurred July 2, 1851. immediately in the rear of Mr. Crossland’s A jail ha'ving become a public necessity, present residence. The bricks were made one was built of logs on lot No. 18, then on a lot west of his house and were hauled the property of Col. McClean, and which to town with an ox team. he donated temporarily for that purpose, January 7th, the old court house was and which is now the Kaine property. sold to Mr. Springer and he was to remove This was built by private subscription and it. On the 30th of March a bill of ten . was used until June, 1787 when the pris¬ dollars was allowed for “Sconces” for the oners were transferred to a stone one use of the court house. These doubtless which had been erected ctn the. site of the were slab benches which were subsequent¬ present jail, ly replaced by seats of a better class. A There appears to be no record of the bell was bought six years later. first court house erected here, but we find Gen. Ephraim Douglass, Col. McClean that one had been built on the public and Joseph Huston were appointed to in¬ grounds reserved and donated for that spect this new court house, and Mr. purpose by Mr. Beeson on laying out the Springer was allowed |35.03 additional for I town. A description of a court house and extra work, he having previously received jjail combined which was erected in a $1,037.50. They also report the work suffi¬ I neighboring district may be admissible ciently done according to contract. here to illustrate the simple and inexpen¬ April 25th, 1801, Col. McClean was in¬ sive manners of the early settlers. It structed and empowered by the commis¬ 'reads thus: “The gaol and courthouse sioners to level the court house yard and are to be included in one whole and entire wall the same at the sourthern extremity building of round sound oak logs, twenty- of the offices and to erect stone steps to 1 four feet long and sixteen feet wide, two ascend from the street, and also to gravel story high. The lower story to be eight the yard to the office doors. feet high, partitioned in the middle with This court house was a square, two story square hewed logs, with locks and bars brick building, with an alcove or chancel to the doors and windows, according to at the rear of the bench. In this hung the ; law, which shall be the gaol. The upper large oil portrait of Chief Justice Gibson, * story to be five feet high in the sides, with which is still in possession of the bar asso- e I a good cabin roof, with convenient seats ciation and should be restored to a space - for the court and bar and clerk’s table, to ■in our present new court house. In front remain in one room, with a pair of stairs of the bench was a chancel rail, within on the outside to ascend to the said room, which were the grand and petit jury which shall be the place for holding court, boxes, a prisoner’s box and accommoda¬ . ~'th two floors to be laid with strong tions for the bar. The seats rose consid- wed logs, the whole complete and fin- erabl yto the rear. Winding stairs on each • Ad in one month from the date thereof, side led to the jury rooms on the second one chimney built in the court house floor; the grand jury room occupying the gaol in the middle, with three fire I center and larger part and the two petit 2S, two below in the gaol and one jury rooms were located on either side. e in the court room, to be chunked The belfrey stood over the center of the bartered, a good loft of clapboards, a building, supported by eight turned col- 5 ' .ms and surmounted % a weather vane Stewart, was the superintendent of tbe] *n the form of a fish. This building was eastern division, which extended from destroyed by a fire which occurred while Cumberland, Md., to one mile east of[ court was in session, February 4,1845, but Brownsville, Pa. He had in his employ, the public records were all secured un-i as a surveyor, his nephew, James Shriver, harmed. The stone steps above mention-! who was an exceedingly expert drafts-1 ed were four or five in numbei, of semi¬ man, and-while Col. McClean was watch- circular form and encroached somewhat ing the progress of the worfe of construct¬ upon the street. ing this great thoroughfare, iq which he _[CONTINUED.] was deeply interested, young Shriver sketched his portrait as he stood support-; REMINISCENCES. ed by his two staves, which he wasf obliged to carry in his old age. This] portrait, which if yet preserved, would be! ALEXANDER M'CLEAN, FIRST so highly prized, is supposed to have met REGISTER AND RECORDER. ! <>he same fate as the most of the Col.’s j old papers, viz; that of kindling the fire. The population of Union borough in An Accurate Sketch of This Disting¬ 1810 was 999. By a search of the records uished Pioneer Settler of Fayette of Fayette county it is ascertained that County, by One of His Lineal De- Col. McClean had acquired iD addition to scendants-Incorporation of Un- quite a number of lots in and adjoining iontown. the town, lands in various parts, but in¬ BY JAMES HADDEN. cluded within the present county limits, to the amount of nine thousand acres, The county offices occupied two sep¬ which would equal in area a body of land arate one story brick buildings, one on four miles in length by three and one half, each side of and nearer the street than miles in breadth. Upon portions of this the court house, thus forming a hollow land some of his sons settled, but none squai e open toward Main street. These i made a success as farmers. two buildings were divided so as to ac¬ The one controlling the plantation farm I commodate two offices each. Tfle one on! let the fences go down, the hogs had ac¬ the left and nearest the street was occu¬ cess to the wheat stacks until they tum¬ pied as the prothonotary’s office, with the bled over from being undermined, and' register and recorder’s office next to the! when the threshing was finished, which! courthouse. In the rear of this building was then done with flails, the grain was and by the side of the court house stood a | left upon the threshing floor shoe-mouth shed in which the old, hand fire engine' deep. When the Col. was once asked if the “Union,” was kept. This old engine ; he thought he had done enough for his bears on its side the date 1798 and still oc-! sons replied, “if they do well I have given cupies a place in the engine house by the| them enough, iftheydonot well I have side of the steamer, by which it was sum given them too much.” ceeded. [CONTINUED.] The front of the office building on the: right was occupied as the commissioner’s I REMINISCENCES. office and the rear was the sheriff’s office, A . • Y‘ * O Just east of this latter building, and on j the front of the Qol, McClean lot stood a( ALEXANDER M’CLEAN, FIRST small frame house, occupied by Ezekiel; REGISTER AND RECORDER. Shelcutt as a confectionery, in which hiss customers gathered to eat his delicious cakes and drink his delightful beer while! An Accurate Sketch of This Disting¬ enjoying a social chat. uished Pioneer Settler of Fayette On the west of the court house stood aj County, by One of His Lineal De¬ small shop in which Nancy McCahen, scendants—Hard Luck in His Last with her sister, Mary, sold c*kes, candies!; Days. and her unequalled taffy, the ingredients;, of which she kept a profound secret.» BY JAMES HADDEN. Tnis was made of brown sugar, pulled! When Col. McClean had about reached into ribbons and twisted, the exquisite his sixtieth year, financial difficulties be¬ flavor of which still lingers in the memory gan to overtake him and his numerous of our older inhabitants. family, instead of being a support, became Col. McClean was commissioned March a burden foi him to bear, and debt after 5,1804, to solicit subscriptions for the con¬ debt accumulated, and tract by tract of his struction of the National road, which was land was jsold at great sacrifice, until a completed to Uniontown in 1818. Mr. few year&frefore his death all had been Wavid Shriver, the father of Mrs. Andrew swept away. j One tract of five thousand acres was No one in examining the first records of : sold tgfHon. Andrew Stewart, Oct. 5, 1825, the county will fail to admire the exquis¬ for §#!)0. Another tract of 420} acres was ite copper plate style of penmanshi p with spWto David Downer, Aug. 20, 1825, for which they were kept, and taking into $8.50. On the same day Mr. Downer pur¬ consideration the coarse, harsh quality of chased another tract of 401. acres for the paper with no ruling, although the $24.081. A tract of 412 acres lying in North writing is in perfectly straight lines, it Union township adjoining the Lemont would seem impossible that it could have coke works was sold Oct. 26, 1825, to been so well executed. ,George McCray for one dollar and twelve Col. McClean manufactured his own and one-half cents. ink and made his own pens, and the fact Not ten years previous to his death the that the writing is as clear and distinct sheriff sold almost the last tract situated !oday as when done over a century ago, near the foot of Laurel hill, and Col. Mc- estifies to the fact that the Col. possessed Clean being register and recorder, it was he recipe for a very superior article of ihis painful duty to record this deed, ink. ! j which, in so doing,he began in his elegant [continued.] i! and almost matchless style of penman- I ship, but his eyes soon swim with tears, 1 his hand trembles, and while recording i;i;mimsci:\cks/H j; the words “all his goods and chattels” the faithful old surveyor and recorder, now in his 78th year, burst into tears and his ALEXANDER M’CLEAN, FIRST clerk, Mr. John Ebbert, takes up the pen REGISTER AND RECORDER. and resumes the record. About the year 1828 Col. McClean re¬ An Accurate Sketch of This Disting¬ ceived a dose of poison under the follow- uished Pioneer Settler of Fayette ling circumstances : His wife and daugh¬ County, by One of His Lineal De- ter, Mrs. Thomas Hadden, had gone out scendants-Hard Luck in His Last , of town to spend the day and the Col. was Days. Jinvited to dine with the family of his ^daughter who lived on the adjoining lot. BY JAMES HADDEN. [liThere were at the table, Col. McClean, Col. McClean often amused and inter¬ jhis grandson Alexander McClean, aged ested his friends with feat of his penman¬ ‘about 26, and his two granddaughters, ship, such as writing the full text of the ! Catharine McClean, aged 16, and Sallie Lord’s prayer, without the omission of a Hadden, aged 28. They all took sick soon | letter, apd which could be distinctly read after eating, and upon examination, arse¬ by the aid of a lense, within a circle the nic was found upon the lid of the coffee size of an “eleven-penny bit.” pot. The Col. not being much of a coffee Some friend and admirer of the CoL .drinker, took some after finishing his seeing that the two canes which he was meal,thus escaping a large dose,he was not obliged to use in his old days were heavy affected so seriously as were the other and cumbersome, selected two fine sun members of the party. The colored cook l'“ flower stalks, smoothed them up, polished named Bach, who was a daughter of Dor¬ them nicely and presented them to the cas Allen, although very fond of coffee, old gentleman; these two staves being for some reason unexplained, refused to light and rigid enabled him to get about, ! drink of it at this time, causing strong much to his delight and satisfaction. . suspicion to rest upon her as the guilty (When Judge James Veech was compil-. party, but the family always exonerated ing his Monopgahela of Old he endeavored her from any evil motives, and supposed to procure some of the old documents of the poison haa fallen into the coffee pot Col. McClean for reference but upon by accident. diligent inquiry found that after his death The Col.’s wife was a small, spare wo¬ his old papers had all been consigned to man, very active and a rapid talker, and the flames as utterly worthless; thus were it being absolutely essential in those days ruthlessly destroyed many ofnis notes in making vinegar that nine beans be jthat would doubtless, in after years, be placed in the barrel of cider, each named highly valued. Among his old papers was for one of the sourest old women in the a diary which the Col. kept for many ieighborhood, although of a pleasant and years and }b which was jetted down the agreeable disposition, granny McClean current news of the day, One item reads was always kindly remembered with a thus: “Sam Evans starts td Philadelphia bean. [today some say to get married but I don’t She died, the first of a family ef twelve, believe it.” An old office account book of stomach trouble, March 26, 1832, lack¬ ;was interlined with many incidents cj ing but a few days of being 82 years of age. local interest such as “April 12,1826. An 3ft#' [extraordinary frost last night. A crust . - - v'u sufficient to bear a wagon.” “Au¬ The testimony of the members of the gust 15,1826, court adjourned to attend the' Fayette county bar of today is that the funeral of Thomas L. Rogers who was! records of this county from its erection kjlled at Rro^nsyilie. This was an un¬ are far more complete than any others precedented and improper adjournment ofj with which they are acquainted, owing i/he court, to the great disappointment to the fact that the applications for war¬ Of many and injury'to some who had at rants were sent in, the required patents considerable expense made provisions for obtained, the land surveyed, the deeds the same.” written and then recorded by the one “September 7, 1838, the military com¬ person. Col. Alexander McClean. panies returned from Connellsville at sun An old attorney testifies to the accuracy down in a very respectable manner. Their and fidelity with which Col. McClean dis¬ appearance was elegant 8th, Captain charged the duties of the office of register Guoy’s company left Uniontown after and recorder in these few words, “his showing their respects by marching up equal has not filled the office since.” He the streets and returning handsomely.” alway deemed it a gross breach of eti¬ “Nov. 4th, 1826, administered the oath, quette for an attorney to leave the book recorded and delivered the commission to lying open after examining the records. If! William Salters to the office of sheriff of he were to enter the public offices today. Fayette county.” “May 1st, 1827, the he would be utterly astonished at the' houses covered with gnow.” “May 14th carelessness in this respect. big muster at Brownfield town.” ‘■'Wtfiyj [CONTINUED.] muster at Balsinger’s.” “19th, muster at Connellsville.” “June 2nd, heavy frost, BEMIUTSCEfTCES.' meadows white, vegetables killed.” “June 18th, the dock leaves stiff with frost.” “Oct 22nd, William Ewing buried. The ALEXANDER M’CLEAN, FIRST president and Charles Porter attended the REGISTER AND RECORDER. j funeral. Business was suspended. Judge Finley opened and adjourned court.” An Accurate Sketch of This Disting¬ “Nov. 8th, Thomas Collins died at 6 uished Pioneer Settler of Fayette I O’clock this morning.” “Nov. 26tn, con¬ County, by One of His Lineal De- j gress started at 4 o’clock—assembly, Stur¬ scendants-Some Personal Char- ^ geon, Evans and Krepps.” “January 23, acteristics. 1828, William Gregg, died at 8 o’clock p. m.” “February 1, great tox chase. 700 BY JAMES HADDEN. : persons attended. Drinking, wrestling Col. McClean, physically, was a short, ! and fighting ended the sport. Peach sus¬ heavy-set man of wonderful endurance and 1 tained a broken arm.” “February 6th, untiring energy, and, although holding* Ewing McCieary died.” “Aug. 3rd one of many appointments at the same time, ': William Clark’s children buried; his wife gave each his careful attention. He was a and another child died.” 4th, William! mild spoken, unobtrusive, easy mannered died about 3 o’clock p. m. Husband, wife: man, who cared nothing for display or the and child buried in one grave.” plaudits of others; but, to be usefully em- g There can be found no record in which! ployed in whatever would promote the g Col. McClean ever served as a soldier in wellfare of the people in general, he was! the regular line,although his two brothers, I. ever ready to sacrifice his own. He was fond* Archibald and Moses, did serve as revolu-l of company, and with his jcvial, genial■] i ticnary soldiers, but from extracts of his I disposition and vast fund of anecdotes andlj i writings it is beyond controversy that he reminiscences, he was highly entertaining!’ c had rendered his country service in some; to his many friends. j * military capacity as a decided Pennsyl-i The following lL-t of representative citi-H < vanian and patriot. His appointment as! zens were bondsmen on his various com-■ sub-lieutenant would indicate that be missions, viz: James Boyle, Henry Bee-1 merited recognition as possessing military son, Jacob Beeson, W. H. Beeson, Reason I, ability. In a letter written to President Beeson, Henry W- Beeson, Reuben Baily, I Dickinson, July 16,1784, concerning some, Edward Cook, Thomas Collins, Joseph m friends, he says, “I have shared the Collins, Ephraim Douglass, Albert Galla-B fatigues of the most difficult campaign tin, Joseph Huston, Christain Keffer, Sam-B that has been carried on in this country, uel Ring, Thomas Meason, James Mc-B and was a witness to both their sufferings Clean, Joseph McClean, John Miller, B and fortitudes, and have suffered on Jonathan Rowland, Jacob Stewart, JohnB fatigue.” This doubtless has reference to Smilie, William Salters, Christian Tarrfl ome of the expeditions sent out against and Joseph Torrence. ie Indians who committed so many! The following is a list of Col. McClean’sB ^predations upon our western borders. family, viz: Ann, born Sept. 7,1776, mar-B . -- ried John Ward and settled at Steuben-jB * .•'■'V 9 'ille, Ohio; Joseph, bom Nov. 17, 1777, married Nancy Salters; Elizabeth, born Alar. 27, 1779, married Thomas Hadden; William, born Oct. 14,1780, married Mary ! Burker, Nancy McLaughlin and Libbie Finley; Alexander, born Sept. 17, 1782, .- \.Sc4_ \ never married; Ephraim, born July 23, V 1784, married Tamzon Seack; Stephen, /' I born Sept. 23, 1786, married Nancy Mc- Date,x,ryZ- Clean; John, born Feb. 23,1788, married Mary Wilson; Richard, born May 17,1790, HQN. JAME DD7 pever married; Moses, born Mar. 12,1793, 3?° married Jane McClean and Nancy Sul- Memoir, With Corrections by His livan, Pupil and 'Friend, Judge Veech. E Col. McOlean died January 7th, 1834, j The following sketch was found by Mrs. aged 88 years, 1 month and 17 days. Rebecca Porter while looking through The records of the court have the fol¬ (some old papers. The manuscript is in lowing entry, viz: “January 8, 1834.—At the well known hand of the late Hon. the meeting of the court this morning Mr. James Veech, but is without date, so that u (John M.) Austin rose and informed the the time when it was written cannot be court of the death of Col. Alexander Mc- I ascertained.. Judge Veech quotes the I Clean, which took place last night. After sketch of Judge T6dd as published in the J a few remarks, in which Mr. Austin al¬ Philadelphia periodical, and then adds a luded in terms of deserved eulogy to the; note containing some corrections. Mrs. high character which the deceased sus¬ Porter has presented the manuscript to E. tained as an officer and man, and in gen¬ Bailey Dawson, Esq., who will place it in eral in all the social relations, he moved the archives of .the Fayette County. His- the following resolution, viz: | torical Society, of which he is.president: “ ‘That when the court adjourns, it ad- [From “The Biographical Encyclopedia jours to meet at 4 o’clock p. m., in order of Pennsylvania for the Nineteenth to give the court and bar, grand and trav¬ Century,” Philadelphia, 1874.] erse j urors and others attending on the “Todd, Hon. James.—Lawyer and judge, court an opportunity of attending the was born in York county, Pennsylvania,' funeral,’ which was adopted and ordered December 25, 1786. accordingly.” His parents, who‘were of Scot ch extrac¬ The following are the inscriptions on the tion, were born, educated and married in j tombstones erected over the graves of Col the north of Ireland, whence they came ' '■ McClean and his wife in the old Presby¬ shortly after their marriage and settled in "' terian burying ground east of the court York county, Pennsylvania, where his \ house: father engaged in teaching school. In the j COL. ALEXANDER McCLEAN, early part of 1787, his parents removed to Born Nov. 20,1746, died Dec. 7, 1834, ■Westmoreland (Fayette) county, where In the 88th year of his age. his mother died the same summer. His He was a soldier in the revolution. Was father survived her only a few months; I a representative from Westmoreland coun- but previous to his death entrusted his in¬ Ltyin the Legislature of Pennsylvania at fant child to the care of Daniel (Duncan) the time Fayette county was established. And was register and recorder of this McLean, a Scotchman and an elder in the county from its organization in 1783 until Presbyterian church. In this family he his death. In his departure he exempli- was raised, laboring on the, farm until fled the virtues of his life, for he lived a patriot and died a Christian. nineteen years of age. Previous to this SARAH McCLEAN, time his education had been of the most limited character, such only as could be Died March 26,1832, aged 81 years and 11 monts afforded by a year and a kali’s attendance at the common schools in a neighborhood [CONCLUDED.! recently settled. Being very desirous, however, of improving his education he availed himself of every opportunity that presented itself, reading such books as were to be found in a new settlement, and studying late at night after the comple¬ tion of his day’s labors. After two years of such study he-began to teach school, devoting himself more assiduously than ever to improving his education, and hav¬ ing joined a debating society, was so suc- essful in their contests and developed oticti ready powers ire tention was directed tojocal politics (eventually) to the study of the law. In the fall of 1815 he was (appointed) one of the commissioners (to fill a vacancy by death) of Fayette county and was, in 181G, elected for three years. *A mistake. See note at; the end. While commissioner,. he, in with the late Judge Bouvier, bdfB!T^the study of law under the direction of the Hon. Andrew Stewart. Upon the expira¬ tion of his term a3 commissioner (in 1819,) ■he was elected to the state legislature, A. SHORT FA-CATION IN THE MOUN¬ land was reelected for five successive (four TAINS OF FAT ETTE COUNTY. additional) terms, taking an active and leading part in its proceedings. Having Jumonville’s Grava—T he Bavlne In Which been admitted to the bar of Fayette the Shots Bang Out That Ushered in a Kevoiution—The Great Meadows, Where in 1521, he met with immediate success, Washing'on Surrendered to the French. which continued through his whole pro¬ Mt. Washington and Its Eater History. fessional career. (In September, 1825, he Dunbar’s Camp and Memorials of the was, by Governor Shulze, appointed pro- Braddock Expedition. thonotary and clerk of the courts of Fay-'' Unlontown, Pa., Aug. 3.—Within 10 1 ette county, but having been an active miles of this borough are the scenes Adams man in 1S28, and a zealous friend ®f some of the most momentous even.s ’? of the election of Joseph Ritner for gov- Cf modern history. Within seven miles jernor in 1829, he was in February, 1S30, re- of here the shots rang out which, the , moved by Governor Wolf. During his historian Bancroft says, “kindled the ti tenure of these offices his practice as a first great war of revolution,” and . lawyer was necessarily restricted to the which, I think, he says elsewhere Bounded the death knell of the feudal ’adjoining counties of Somerset, Greene Institutions of Europe. In a ravine a ■iiiud Washington.) In December, 1S35, half mile or less south of the Sold.ers’ | (January, 1836) without the aid of schools | Orphan School, the name of which * or masters, he won his way to the legisla¬ perpetuates his own, amid the rocks, ture, to the bar, to the cabinet and to the and close to the bed of a shaded Xjj bench, acquitting himself in all with dis- brook, is the grave of the Sieur de ■ tinction. Jumonville, marked by a heap of rude He-was also an ardent lover of his coun- Stones surmounted by a cross of rough y try, a temperate and just man, and a sin- poles. The ravine runs north and =.'>cere Christian. His years were as full as south. On the east the bank slopes his honors, and extended almost to four gently; on the west, near the grave, is score.’ ” a sharp precipice, and not far off, hid¬ den by the thick undergrowth, a huge Note—Mr. Todd did not engage in rock which tumbled from it, and teaching school until some years after the, known as Washington’s Rock. I foregoing memoir seems to say he did. Bhopld say it ought to be called the Half King’s, in honor of that shrewd He was an indented apprentice to Dun¬ and valiant savage, the devoted friend can McLean and when nearing the expir¬ of the English—less known by his ation of his apprenticeship, contracted to name of Tanioharison. As I looked over the wild spot while not a breeze pay a sum of money for the residue of stirred nor hum of insect broke the his term, to earn which- he engaged in stillness, I said to Supt. Waters, who wood-chopping for some of the iron fur-| piloted me: “The gallant Frenchman! naces in Fayette county, and for which What a place is this for his eternal re¬ pose!” and I thought of the wo:ds of my grandfather beqamejhis security.. Mr, the historian: “How many defeated Todd paid it promptly oh the f day when) interests bent over the grave of Jumon- due. ville.” o The labors and exposures of this pursuitl For the benefit of those who contem¬ plate a short vacation which shall af¬ materia lly impaired his health through¬ ford instruction as well as amusement, out all his after life. I have thought this] let us dwell a moment on what that correction and omission worthy to be lonely grave stands for. In the fall of 1753 Gov. Dinwiddle, of noted, and have taken the liberty to make Virginia, alarmed by the news of the some other corrections and supply some French encroachments toward the other omissions so as to render more com-, forks of the Ohio, sent Wa-hington plete, though still inadequate, the .fore¬ across the mountains to learn their movements. How he performed his going memoir of my law preceptor and mission and how he came near drown¬ constant friend. Jambs Veech, ing while crossing the Allegheny at Wainwrigbt's Island, can be read at -length in his journal of that trip. He *■ ' 4 \ “ ' Vr— _ _ho Americans and Indians above dodginty left Virginia Novemlijef 14, 1753, and from tree to tree, picked off the hapless returned January 16, 1754. foe. It was all there, and there at my j On the strength of the Information filet, sleeping his last sleep, was Jumon¬ he brought the Governor and Council ville, whose death was celebrated by his (resolved to enlist two companies of Countrymen in heroic verse, “and con¬ ! 100 men each and send them to erect tinents were invoked to weep for his a fort at what is now the Point, in fall.” Pittsburg. Washington was given The prisoners were taken to the Great command as major, his second being Meadows and then to Virginia. Two Capt. Trent. This was no sooner agreed days after this affair Col. Fry died at upon than the Legislature voted £10,000 Will’s Creek and Washington succeed¬ for the expedition; the Governor in¬ ed him. Anticipating an attack, he en¬ creased the force to 300, and gave the larged his entrenchments, raised pali¬ I command to Col. Joshua Fi-y, Wash¬ sades and called the place Fort Neces¬ ington being promoted to lieutenant sity. Meantime Capt. Mackey, with colonel. Trent pushed on with a de¬ 100 South Carolinians, arrived and gave detachment, while Washington remain- him a total of about 400 men. I ed to look after supplies and other mat- Leaving Mackey 'to guard the fort I ters. Trent reached the site of Pitts- he resumed his march to his destina¬ I burg, February 17. Washington reach- tion at the mouth of the Red Stone, I ed Wilis Creek, now Cumberland, April 117, to which Trent had returned, leav- but he was two weeks getting through the Laurel Ridge and to Gist’s planta¬ j ing Ensign Ward with 41 men to build tion, a distance of only 13 miles. Word the fort. The day before Washington reached Wills Creek the French Cap¬ came to him there that the French had tain Contrecoeur, with an overwhelm¬ been reinforced at Fort Duquesne, and ing force, came down the Allegheny an attack might be expected. Prepara¬ from Venango, drove out Ward and tion; for it was made, and an express I sent to Mackey to come and have a stopped the work, but soon resumed it on Ward’s foundations and it became hand in it. The message was sent June (Fort Duquesne, after the French Gover- 28, but the next morning at a council of war it was decided to retreat. The j nor General of Canada. When Washington heard of this he details of that must be read in books. hardly knew what to do. He had only Suffice it to say here that Washington 1150 men, for Fry with his division had was in Fort Necessity again July 1. not yet come up. After a council of It was thought best to remain there Iwar it was decided to venture over the till reinforcements could be had, as two mountains, and, April 25, he ordered 60 New York companies were then on the men to cut a road. He meant to go to way. All the available energy was em¬ the mouth of the Red Stone and fortify ployed in further enlarging and 1 himself. Hearing that the French were strengthening the defenses. The Great Ion the way to meet him he quickened Meadows are perhaps 300 yards wide at I his pace to the Great Meadows, where the site of the fort, the outlines of (he threw up slight defences. Early in which are still distinctly traceable, and, I the morning of May 27, Christopher as may be seen, one of the angles of Gist walked into camp and said that a the fort was extended so as to take in French officer and 50 men had been at the brook wdiich flowed along there. his plantation the day before, and that The meadows are flanked by hills; on in coming he found tracks of the east by that along which the old them within five miles of the National Pike runs, and on the west camp. Washington dispatched 75 men by two, one of which is still wooded. to run them down, but they could not The nearest high ground on which air find them. About 9 o’clock that night enemy could have the advantage of Tanicharison sent a messenger to say trees, was 60 yards away, and for the'; that he had seen them and that they guns of 140 years ago, that was possi¬ had been traced to the ravine. Wash¬ bly more than good shooting distance. ington selected 40 men and set out in It was to be where he could have water the rain nd darkness for the home of and where the foe could not steal upon the Half Ring, or one of his homes, him that Y/ashington chose this site. i near what is now Washington Springs, The French, under the fiery De Vil- j It is only a mile and a half or so from liers, brother of Jumonville, approach- ' ! there to the ravine. The Indians with ed him from the west, as it is on that j the Half King consented to join in the side that nearly all the balls and bul¬ (Attack, and the party moved single file lets and tomahawks, memorials of the through the forest until close to the ibattle, have been found. But I cannot' I ravine, when they formed wings, the (tell the story of the battle, nor of the 1 whites having the right. The Indians surrender, nor of the charge which having the left approached on the west grew out of the stipulations,_ PF__ that; and that is why I say Washington acknowledged the death of that rock should be named Jumonville to have been an assassina¬ for the Half King. The French tion. The battle was fought July 3, must have seen the right wing first on 1754. “On the fourth the English gar-* account of the gently sloping ground, rison, retaining all its effects, but leav¬ I and when they did, flew to arms. ing hostages, withdrew from the basin Washington gave the command to fire, of the Ohio. In the valley of the Mis¬ land Jumonville and nine of his com¬ sissippi no standard floated but that of rades fell. The remaining 21 were France.” taken prisoners. Washington, probably after the Revo¬ The fight occurred early in the morn¬ lution, bought the Great Meadows, and ing, as it was a long and wearisome seems to have been proud of his owner¬ (tramp over the mountains from the ship of the ground on which he faced i Great Meadows. I could see it all the French. In his will he said it con¬ j again as I sat there by the grave— sisted of 234 acres, which he valued at could see the French dashing around $6 an acre. He believed it worth that be¬ me, ordering, shouting, firing, while the cause a good place for a hotel, being ■Si .. the Braddock road from Cumber¬ re's.' Within 10 miles of ed to Pittsburg. It became a famous are the scenes of some of the stand for stage travelers after the con¬ momentous events of modern h’story struction of the national pike. Pre¬ Those scenes shouM be marked,- and vious to 1835 the property passed to could be appropriately at small cost to Hon. Nathaniel E-^ing, who built the the State. When the bill for that pur¬ fine brick house known in the pike pose was before the Legislature, men days and still as Mt. Washington. The from Pittsburg asked for an ootion on owner now is#a gentleman named Pa^- 30 acres around the grave of Jum n- enbaker, a farmer, who lives on it, and ville, and an attorney of Un’onkwn, from whose good wife I got a mighty representing Pittsburgers also, ve-yi good dinner. The Meadows proper likelv, asked for an option on the Great have never been cultivated. If they Meadows. The scheme was to have should be, all trace of Fort Necessity those places beautified at the expense would be lost. The outlines are visible of the State and then make pleasure in the earthworks, which would disap¬ resorts of them. The bill failing, the pear under the plow. options were allowed to expire. Let us retrace our steps. On the Stephen Quinon. news of the surrender of Washington at Fort Necessity, the British authori¬ ties in this country and at home re¬ solved to ma.ke a vigorous effort to ; From, break the French hold on the Ohio, and it culminated in the Braddock ex¬ pedition. When that reached the Laurel Ridge, as most readers know, j CBe, part of it under Col. Dunbar was left there to guard the enormous stores. The part best fit for service after the Date, trying march from Alexandria pushed on with Braddock to the fatal field. That high, green knoll you see on your left as you approach the Ridge from Uniontown by the pike is described to you as Dunbar’s camp. Actually the camp was at the foot of it, covering what is now the ground of the Jumonville "Who Added Much to the Imp¬ Soldiers’ Orphan School, for down there was the big spring, which now supplies the school. The water utation of Southwestern is pumped from it to a reser¬ voir. , In the school you may Pennsylvania. see many relics of the de¬ struction done by Dunbar when the terror-stricken survivors of Braddock’s field came flying into camp. This de¬ IN ITS EARLY HISTORY struction was done before he began his own terror-stricken flight in which he left the frontiers exposed to the mercy of the savages. Supt. Waters says his This Section Was Represented in boys can go into the woods there al¬ most anywhere outside of the school the Halls of Legislation by garden and dig up relics wherever they sink a mattock. Dunbar’s men, I dare say, often went the few min¬ MEN OF A REMARKABLE MOLD. utes walk to the spot where Jumon¬ ville fell and was buried. And one ha3 only a few miles to go from there to Braddock’s Run, where, by the side of There Were Stalwart Champions of Protec¬ the pike, he sees the clump of trees tion Even Then. planted in the seventies by Jo iah i King and John Murdoch, of Pittsburg, . to mark the last resting place of the unfortunate general. HIGHLY INTERESTING REMINISCENCES While one is among those historic scenes let him think of the occasions that were born there. For be it re¬ fWRITTEN FOR THE DISPATCH.! membered that even in 1754 and 1755 In the early years of the Republic it was Americans were dreaming of inde¬ the custom to send as representatives to our pendence. Braddock’s expedition was National Congress and Conventions the j not orly to drive out the French, but picked men of the community, those best i to fix the grip of the mother country mo^e firmly on her proud-spirited col¬ fitted by natural endowment, by training j onies. The fight in the ravine, which and education, to conduct the affairs of the lasted not above 15 minutes, was the Government. The personnel of the earlier beginning of the revolution. The de¬ Congresses was remarkable for its high feat of Braddock the next year, as order of ability and for its marked predomi- ! Franklin shrewdly observed, showed nance. Great ability was the rule and the colonists that the British regulars mediocrity the exception. were not invincible. The American revolution, starting in a contest w>Ah It is a satisfaction in these days to recall France, itself begot the French revolu¬ ■ome of the great names that in times tion, which directly or indirectly chang¬ gone by made Southwestern Pennsylvania ed the face of European civilization.) famous and respected throughout the na- ♦ i 'Tfl - ■i-.' he subsistence for those who could uot live by manual labor than the sequestered spot in which accident first placed us.” sessed by many of its representatives in This certainly is not a flattering sketch of _ongress. Pre-eminent among these was Now Geneva, that profound statesman Albert Gallatin, of Gallatin died in his daughter’s house at Astoria near New York City August 13, Fa}’ctte county, who was elected to the 1849. United States Senate in 1793 by the Penn¬ J One of the most popular men of his day, sylvania Legislature though a majority *as well as one of the most distinguished, and . were his political opponents, so great was who narrowly missed becoming President the respect entei*tained for his abilities. of the United States, was Andrew Stewart, Owing to a question raised as to his eligibil¬ dubbed “Pig Iron Andy” by admiring ity, being a native of Switzerland and not friends and foes. He was born in Fayette county in 1791, and like most boys in those having been a citizen a sufficient length of pioneer days he receivod his education in a time, he was unseated. country school, supplemented by indus¬ Chosen to Two Offices at Once. trious leisure hours on a farm. He read law In 1794 he was elected a member of the while teaching school and acting as clerk at a charcoal furnace. He was admitted to | State Legislature and also at the same time the bar in 1815, and the same year bogan ! a member of Congress by the district coin- his public career by being elected to the : posed of Washington and Allegheny coun- Legislature. He was re-elected .three times. |ties, though not a resident of that district. While a candidate for the State Senate he He was re-elected in 1796, 1798 and 1800 was tendered the United States District At¬ torneyship by President Monroe, which he ■ from the same district, establishing a preoe- accepted in preference to a seat in the State j dent well worthy of imitation by districts Senate. I which lack men fitted to represent them Won a National Reputation. with credit and honor—a precedent quoted, In 1830 he was elected to Congress, and at I by the Democratic conferees of Wesffnore- once made a reputation that was national. land county in justification of their nomina¬ He was re-elected to the Twentieth, Twenty- tion of Gilbert Rafferty, of Pittsburg, in second, Twenty-third, Twenty-sixth, Twent3‘- 1886. In 1801 he became a member of Jef¬ seventh, Twenty-eighth, Twenty-ninth and Thirtieth Congresses. He declined a re¬ ferson’s Cabinet as Secretary of the Treas¬ nomination to the Thirty-first Congress in ury, which position he held until 1814, cov¬ 1848, as he wps then a candidate for the ering both terms of Jefferson’s Presidency Vice Presidency on the Whig ticket. At the and nearly both of Madison’s. He was also | convention in Philadelphia, which nomi- : one of the commissioners appointed by l nated General Taylor, the candidate for j Madison to sign the treaty of peace with l Vice President was conceded to Pennsyl- 1 vania. The Pennsylvania delegation hur¬ I Great Britain at Ghent, Belgium, in Decem- riedly proceeded to ballot for a candidate. 1 her, 1814. In 1815 he was appointed Minis- On the first bailot Mr. Stewart received 14 jter to France, where he remained from 1816 out of the 26 votes cast, the remainder hav¬ j to 1833. On his return in 1834 he declined a ing been cast for Thomas M. T. McKennau, seat in the Cabinet of President Monroe. of Washington county (afterward Secretary of the Interior under Fillmore), and others, | He was the first debater and parliament¬ clearly making him the choice of the delega¬ arian of his day—one of the first of Amer¬ tion, but, without waiting to take a second ican financiers—first among the diplomat¬ ballot to make the vote unanimous, the ists of his time, an authority on political chairman of the delegation, a dunder Head, economy in America and the father of whoso name is now forgotten, rushed American ethnology. He was an intellect¬ back to the convention, ' making the announcement that the delegation could not ual giant, whose life was devoted to states¬ agree, and Millard Fillmore, of New York, manship, and whose reputation was inter¬ was at once nominated. General Taylor national. died July 9, 1850, and Fillmore succeeded Gallatin spent the declining years of his him in the Presidency. Had a Matthew life in New York City, where he became Stanley Quay been Chairman of the Penn¬ sylvania delegation on that eventful day, President of the National, now the Gallatin “Pig Iron Andy” would have become Presi¬ bank, and President of a University. In a dent of the United States. The vast grave¬ letter to his friend Badollet he says: yard of blasted ambitions is indebted for To Raise the Standard of Education. many of its most famous monuments to the “My wish was to devote what might re¬ very ancient Burchard family, which seems to have been endowed by some malignant main of life to the establishment in this im¬ power with a pernicious activity fatal to the mense and fast-growing city of a general great might-have-beens. I system of national and practical education To atone iu some degree for this miscar¬ fitted for all and gratuitously opened to all. riage of ambition, the Secretaryship ot ihe ! For it appeared to me impossible to pre- Treasury was offered Mr. Stewart by Pres¬ jserve our democratic institutions .and ident Taylor, but was declined, owing to his the right of universal suffrage un¬ ievere illness at the time. less we could raise the standard A. Clia.npian of Protection. of general education and the minds of the laboring classes nearer to a level with those L Mr, Stewart gained his sobriquet by reason born under more favorable circumstances. of his valiant championship of the protective II should have been contented to live and i tariff. He was Chairman whilo in Congress i die among the Monongahela hills. It must lof the Committee on the Tariff and was also be acknowledged that beyond the invalu- Chairman of the Committee on Internal Im¬ jable advantage of health they afforded provements. He was in full accord with j either to you or me but few intellectual or Henry Clay in his advocacy of “the Ameri¬ I physical resources. Indeed I must say that can System,” which lay, ho claimed, at the , I do not know in the United Slates any spot foundation of the national prosperitv, the which afforded less means to earn a bare ■ ‘ -o - . . •9. f ;a* protecting the national industry and the and £oon 'Became ibther developing the national resources. eloquent leader on "the Democratic side, He called it “the political thermometer’ was a delegate to the Democratic Convi which always harl and always would indi¬ tions of ISM, 1848, 1856 and 1860. He was cate the rise and fall of the national pros¬ offered the Governorship of Ivausas Terri¬ perity.” If the prophetic old statesman tory by President Pierce, but declined the'- could rise out of his Fayette county grave honor. to take a look at “the political thermometer” In 1848 Mr. Dawson was a candidate for to-day he would find an astounding confirma¬ Congress in the district then composed of tion of his theory. Fayette, Greeue and Somerset counties, but Some idea maybe had of the great hold was defeated by the Hon. R. J. Ogle, of he had on his constituents, the great love Somerset county, the Whig candidate. He and respect he was honored with in his dis¬ was renominat xl in 1850 and elected, the trict, by the result of the election in 1838, first and only time that district was carried when he renounced his allegiance by a Democrat. In 1853 he was again nom¬ to the Democratic party, with which inated for Congress and elected in the dis¬ up to this time he had been identified. He trict composed of Fayette, Washington and cut loose from it because it submitted to the Greene counties. He declined a renomina- dietatio'n of the South, which demanded the tion which was offered him and remained sacrifice of the tariff and the internal im¬ out of politics until 1803, when the stirring provement policy. Hecarne home while the events of the rebellion drew him once more contest for the Presidency between Adams into political life. He was elected to Con¬ and Jackson was at its hottest point, when gress from the district copnposed of the the people of his district were known to be counties of Fayette, Westmoreland and more than two to one for Jackson, and in a Indiana. It was while a member at this public speech declared his intention to vote time that he succeeded in making the Home¬ for John Quincy Adams, “whose friends stead bill a law through his great earnest¬ supported his measures, while the Demo¬ ness, eloquence and ability. He was an cratic party as such opposed them. If for active member of the Committee on Foreigu this, he said, they choose to turn him out, so Affairs. He was re-elected in 1864, be it. He would never surrender his prin¬ but declined a renomination on the ciples for office. If he did he would be a expiration of his term, preferring the political hypocrite, unworthy the support of scholarly leisure of a private gentleman to any honest man; he would rather go out the distractions of a public life, however endeavoring to support what, in his con¬ much he adorned it. He spent the re¬ science, he believed to be the true interests mainder of his days at his home, “Friend¬ of his constituents and his country than to ship Hill,” once the home of Albert Gallatin, go in by meanly betraying them.” and now the property of his son-in-law, A Kemavkable Popularity. Major Charles E. Speer, Vice President of the First National Bank of Pittsburg. He He was opposed by a Mr. Hawkins, of died in 1870, aged only 58 years, in the full Greene county, the Speaker of the State Sen¬ meridian of splendid manhood. His mem¬ ate, yet in spite of every effort made to em¬ ory is still cherished by those of bis old asso¬ bitter the Jackson men against him, he was ciates who survive him, and who regret the elected by a majority of 335, while Jackson untimely ending of his career. carried it by 3,800, demonstrating his re¬ markable popularity, which would not per¬ Identified With Early History. mit party prejudice to bias personal feeling. Another of the famous names identified He was re-elected for four successive terms with the early history of Southwestern J in spite of averse party majorities. He! Pennsylvania is that of William Findley, could have been renominated and re-elected j the first member of Congress from West¬ as long as he wished it, but he refused to moreland county, aud celebrated as the his¬ serve amr longer. torian of the Whisky Insurrection, or "his i In private life he endeavored to carry out own insurrection,” as Fisher Arnes in a his belief in the American System by burst of passion characterized it. building up in his own country various in- | Findley was born in the north of Ireland h dustries which should add to the wealth of in 1743 and emigrated to Pennsylvania in the nation. He erected a blast furnace, re¬ 1763. He came of old Scotch Covenanterj built a glass works, built 11 sawmills, four stock, one of his ancestors signing the Sol- j flouring mills, planing mills and other fac¬ enm League anil Covenant in Scotland and tories. another bearing himself bravely in the [ Once, while paying a visit to his friend, never-to-be-forgotten siege of Londonderry, | John (Jovode, many years ago, shortly after Ireland. He had first thought of settling in the opening of the Pennsylvania Railroad, the Carolinas, but his abhorrence of slavery standing with J. M. Reed, a son-in-law of determined him to locate in Pennsylvania. Oovode, on the platform of the little station He became a member of the famous Octor- at Lockport, near Covode’s home, he looked ara settlement of “New American Coven¬ with wonder and admiration on an engine anters,” in Chester county, where he soon drawing a train of cars. “It is wonderful!” became prominent. he exclaimed, “but in time this power you AVhen the War of the Revolution broke now see will be superseded by a greater one. out he became an enthusiastic volunteer aud It will be electricity and we may travel soon rose to the rank of a Captain in the with lightning speed through pneumatic Continental Army. At the close of the war tubes.” The fulfillment of his prediction is he located in Westmoreland county, pur¬ rapidly coining to pass. He died at Union- chasing a farm near the present town of town, July 16, 1873, aged 81 years, honored Latrobe, in the neighborhood of the Bene¬ and revered by all who knew him. dictine Monas.ery, which he made his homo Fam ms in His Generation. until his death. He had no money. The only capital he had was strong arms, in¬ Another citizen of Fayette county famous dustry aud an active brain. Un these he in his generation as a statesman and es¬ relied to earn the wherewithal to pay for teemed as a man, was John Dawson, the suc¬ the farm. He was a weaver by trade, set¬ cessful champion of the Homestead bill. He ting up his loom in the log cabin which for was born at Unioutown in 1813, and when I many years was his home. Many a quaint quite young removed with his parents to j strand of orthodoxy, many a curious thread Brownsville, where he spent the greater part j of political theory was woven in with the of his life. He entered politics at an early day! 1 /rnsly fabrics' he mam/IaeTurert-for his One of "the most distinguished men of the feighbors before ho became a public man. State, great as a lawyer as well as a states¬ jbe fact that he was a weaver made him an man, was Henry D. Foster, of Greensburg, /bject of contempt in the eyes of his bitter Westmoreland county, whose political am¬ personal and political opponent ancl rival, bitions were wrecked when the Civil War Judge Brackenridge, of Pittsburg, the gifted broke out and placed lus party in a hope¬ and polished member- of the Supreme Bench less minority in national elections. Other¬ ami also the author of “A History of the wise he would have received the highest Whisky Insurrection.” honors in the gift of his party. Mr. Foster was born in Mercer, Mercer A Iiare Literarr Cu-rio. county, December 19, 1808, and came of In his ‘‘Modern Chivalry.” that rare lit- distinguished Scottish, English and Dutch I ernry curio of "Western Pennsylvania, Judge stock. He was the son of Samuel Bliss Fos¬ ! Brackenridge, in the character of ‘‘Mr. ter, one of the most brilliant lawyers in Fraddle,” ihe weaver, makes a malicious the State, and of Elizabeth Donnell, a buijjesque of Findley, and reveals the bitter- daughter of Judge Donnell, of Northum¬ I neJi, with which lie regarded the man who, berland county. He was educated at a col¬ I chough superior to him in eloquence and lege at Meadville and came to Greensburg j keenness of wit, yet was surpassed by him in 1826 where he began the study of law in I in those qualities of leadership which the office of his uncle, Alexander W. Foster. brought unfailing victory at the. polls. He was admitted to the bar when not quite Findley was never defeated. Brackenridge 21 years old. He soon won fame as a law¬ denounced him as “a demagogue who would yer and rapidly rose to the highest rank in descend to anything for the sake of the his profession. Judge Gibson, himself one sweet voices of the people.” of the greatest lawyers of the nation, re¬ Findley was elected to Congress from the garded Mr. Foster as the greatest land law¬ "Westmoreland district in 1791, and remained yer in the State. He was passionately de¬ a member until 1799, and then again in 1803, voted to his profession and was endowed by serving continuously until 1817, when he de¬ nature wiih an eminently legal mind. He clined a renomination, much to the surprise was blessed with an unerring judgment and of his constituents, who regarded his reuorn- an incisive manner, which made him a mafcion and re-election as much a matter of formidable opponent in a law suit. course as the rising of the suu. Findley was an anti-Federalist, yet m Influence Over a Jury. spite of the uitra character of his opposition His influence over a jury was marvelous enjoyed the confidence of Washington, who and few cared to oppose him before it. He regarded him as one of the ablest men in had a very large practice, but like Daniel TV estera Pennsylvania. He took to politics Webster never cared for or knew the value as naturally as a duck to water. Before he of money. His generosity to friends and began his Congressional career, soon after the needy was proverbial. He was the his arrival in "Westmoreland countv, he be¬ good Samaritan to the poor and defenseless; came a member of the State Council of Cen¬ thoroughly unselfish, he never accum- sors. He was also a member of the conven- - muiated a fortune which he could very tion that ratified the Federal Constitution, a easily have done. member of the Supremo Executive Council; Mr. Foster began his political career in la member of the first State Legislature 1842 by being elected to Congress. He was I under the Constitution of 1790, and a mem- \ re-elected in 1844. HiS entry into public ] ber of the State Senate. He was a natural life was rather unusual, most men beginning leader of men and was the hero of the their political life inthe StateLegislatures, and j Scotch- Irish of Western Pennsylvania. ending in the National Congress. Mr. Foster Though a fluent talker, he did not figure reversed the order; he first went to Congress much as a public speaker, but relied rather and was afterwards in 1857 and 1858 a member I *?r success on his powers of persuasion exer¬ of the Pennsylvania Legislature. He was cised while mingling among the people in twice defeated lor Congress in 1866 and in their everyday life, social gatherings, house 1868, but was elected for the third and last raisings, and m the merry meetings in old time in 1870. In 1860 he was the Demo¬ hostelries where the clink of his glass against cratic candidate for Governor, but was de¬ that of his neighbors revealed him a bon feated by his Republican opponent, An¬ vivant as well as an astute politician. drew G. Curtin, afterwards the famous war Governor. It was during this contest, A Large Fund of Information, which was also the year of Lincoln’s election He possessed a large fund of general in¬ as President, that he had his controversy formation, much of it gathered while under with Stephen A. Douglass who wanted him his father’s roof in Ireland, where be had to take sides against Breckinridge, which he the use of an extensive librarv composed refused to do, Breckinridge was a cousin principally, as might be expected, of books of Mr. Foster, but this fact did! not influence on church history and theory, relieved by a him in his refusal to support Douglass. sprinkling of works on ancient history. He Mr. Foster’s Congressional career won for had also taught school in the Octorara set¬ him the highest honors. He soon became tlement before his removal to Westmore¬ distinguished among men who were the land county. His “Autobiography,” “His- greatest in the nation. Qn the occasion of toix “Observations,” and “A Review of his famous speech on the tariff in 1846 he re¬ the h uncung System, ” and the letters that ceived the congratulations of John Quincy have been preserved show him to have been Adams, who predicted that “Foster was the ably equipped for a public career. He was coming man.” The tariff question then as a maker of public opinion, and in that lay | now was the all absorbing question before his gi eatest power, which was earl v recog¬ Congress. In the heated debates on that nized by W ashington. By consummate tact' question he made a splendid record. His and with a thorough understanding of the logical and eloquent argument against Mr. gieat question of ihe day he exerted an Homes, of Soutn Carolina, in defense of the immense influence on the politics of his dav duty on railroad iron, is one of the classics of in this section. . tariff literature. wa* largely responsible for the , vv msky Insurrection by his political op¬ A Spi cimin of the Rugged Type. ponents, though supported in many of his One of the names that has become house¬ vie as by Gallatin and Brackenridge. hold in Western Pennsylvania is that of John Covole, of Westmoreland, or “Honest . C'ovodo” as’ he was faimTiarly called. iiany l'espects he was one of the most re¬ markable men tbe State can lay claim to as one ot' its sons. He was a superb specimeh ol' the rugged type of public men of which the hardy Lincoln was so noble'a representa¬ tive. Not schooled in the artificial atmos¬ phere of towns or cities, and wanting per¬ haps the veneer which the superficial man or woman regards as the essential quality in the make-up of the individual to distinguish him from the great horde of humanity, he Date, was yet a' man of distinguished presence, one who at once impressed you with the conviction that you were in contact with / John K. Ewing, Jr., has prese a man of superior mould intellectually as the Fayette county .historical socie well as physically., number of old newspapers gathered fron John Covode was born on a farm in West¬ moreland county March IT, 1808. His father the collections of Col. Samuel' Evans an was Jacob Covode, a son of Garret Covode, Major Robert B. Clai’ke. Among them a native of Holland, Who was kidnaped are the Public Ledger, London, November when a child, about the year x740, iu the 18,1790; the Washington Advertizer, De-|' streets cf Amsterdam by a sea captain, who brought him to,Philadelphia, where he sold cember 1, 1805; Brownsville Gazette, May' him into bondage as a “redemp doner,” in 28,1808; the Western Telegraph, (October which durance he lived for several years. 28, 1805; The Crisis, or Beaver Gazette, The name Covode was invented by tile sea captain who stole him. July 29, 1815; the Fayette and Greene Mr. Covode’s education was only what Jacksonian Galaxy, published at Browns¬ could be given ih the little school house on ville, August 11,1827; the Genius of Lib¬ the hillside. He was brougut up on a farm, atterward learning tue trade of a erty, May 19, 1812, September 12, 1826, wool manufacture!’,- with wbicu business he April 17, 1827, May 29, 1827, March 21,1830; became identified for over 40 years. Pennsylvania Democrat, Vol. 1, No. 10, is¬ For Internal Improvements. sued September 26, 1827; the Richmond He was a contractor in the earlier part of Examiner, December 8, 1864, full of Con¬ his career and was among the first to advo¬ federate war news; the Daily Citizen cf j cate a system ''of internal improvements throughout tho State. Atter the comple¬ Vicksburg, Miss., printed on wall paper tion of the State canal, he became one of July 2, 1863, a day or two before the sur¬ the first owners of boat; and engaged exclu¬ render; and the Richmond Whig of April sively in the handling of freight. He com¬ 20,1865, full of news of the assassination manded the first section that went over tho canal from Philadelphia to the interior of of Lincoln. Another curious old paper Ohio. He was aiso oUe of the projectors of amongjthe lot is a liquor license issued to the Pennsylvania railioad. His first ven¬ William Walker of Uniontown in March ture into political life was in 1845 when he became the W hig candidate ior tue State 1842. Walker kept where the Centraentral„ Senate. The district being strongly Demo- hotel now stands. ci’atic he was defeated, though running ahead of his party vole. He was again nominated lor the same office and came so near an election that the district was From, changed at the next session of the Legisla¬ H ture by the Democratic majority, who began to look upon (Jovode as a dangerous man. He was then nominated by his party for Congress in 1854, and was elected, and re-elected iu 1856, 1858 and IS0J, alld again in 1866 and in 1868. Mr. Covode was over six feet in height, Date weighed over 200 pounds and was a com¬ manding figure. His eyes were of a very dark hue. Great earnestness and force FAYETTE’S FORTS. rather than the graces of oratory charac¬ terized bis speeches. He was resourceful to he Sites to be Permanently | an extraordinary degree in political cam¬ Marked. paigns, a general, who was master, of tac¬ tics and expediency and profoundly versed At the last session of the legislature an in tho arts of persuasion. He had, like appropriation was made to defray the ex- Senator Quay, a great horror of too much penses of marking the forts and block¬ talk and letter writing in a political cam¬ paign. He once whispered to an injudicious houses built in Pennsylvania by the! friend that he’’would sooner walk 20 miles whites in defense against the Indians; than write aTetter. ” prior to 1783. Gov. Pattispn appointed aj In closing this sketch of Pennsylvania commission as the act required. G. Dal- statesmen it may be mentioned that none of these great men ever demeaned themselves ’ las Albert of Greensburg has charge of the | by an unseemly scramble or dicker for a work in western Pennsylvania. He has| nomination for office. The office sought tue written to several members of the Fayette ! mail and it was dignified by them to the honor and credit of their constituents. County Historical Society asking for in- James B. Laux. fox mation concerning the facts in this I county. Among the number are these eight located as follows: ‘i-m | claimed to have been with the Indians, and thought they could locate the spot where Penns ville; tort the ores were obtained. They said there was s’ farm, situate about. a small cleared spot on the bank of the creek, of Uniontown; Pearse’s Port, near which grew a large pine or hemlock, (four miles northeast of Uniontown; j which marked the orecrop. After prospect- Fort on lands of John Craft, situate about !ing some time, they failed to find the locality one mile northwest of Merrittstown, 1 of the outcrop. The cleared space had over- Luzerne township; Swearinger’s Fort, sit- | grown with bushes, and the pine or hemlock i uate in Springhill township, near the cross I had been undermined by the creek, and de¬ road form Cheat river toward Browns- cayed or been swept away. Another tradition preserved by the Inks | ville; Lucas’ Fort, situate in Nicholson jand Furguson people is that a blacksmith (township on what was the old Richard who worked many years ago at Farmington Brown farm; McCoy’s Fort, situate in used to go to a moonshine stillhouse located South Union township on lands late of in a deep hollow on the Glover tract, near i James McCoy; Morris’ Fort, situate on the head of Stony Fork, and return with his Sandy creek on the Virginia side; Ash¬ leather apron full of lead ore, which he melted craft’s Fort, situate in Georges township. at his forge and ran into bullets. A carpen¬ Any one having any information of one ter who put up a hewed log house upon my farm, formerly owned by the Inks, used also or more of these forts, their condition, to visit this stillhouse and return with lead present owner, etc., will confer a great ore, from which bullets were run for hunt¬ 'favor on Mr. Albert' by communicating ing, which in those days, when game was with him at Greensburg or with the plenty, was a regular occupation. More I Fayette County Historical society. than a generation ago a man stopped over 'night with Joseph Carrol, father of Asbury Carroll of Elliottsville. The stranger showed Carroll a piece of ore as large as a brick From,, . which he stated he had extracted from the creek bed near Gibbons Glade. The creek was low, and in crossing upon the stones he noticed a bright streak in the bed of the stream. From this bright streak he extracted the lump. McCarroll supposed it to be lead ore, mixed with silver as a sulphuret. Date , Azr.tZi . / fc/.j/..,.. A short distance below Shinbone, on the bank of the creek is what is locally known as the Silver Rock. It contains a shining sub¬ stance of yellowish cast, which may be a sul¬ LEAD AND SILVER IN WHARTON phuret of some kind of ore. Near this rock, in the creek bottom, are three saucer-shaped Traditions of Kick Ore Finds Near the Head depressions, which were evidently excavated of Stony Fork by many years ago for some unknown purpose. { They were there, it is stated, while the hot- tom was yet in its original woods. They are THE INDIANS AND EARLY SETTLERS , several yards in diameter, several feet below j the common surface, and are surrounded by . a bank made by the earth taken from them. . Who Utilized the Shiniug Metal to Make Bullets. Several years ago a shovel, some picks and The Mineral Springs of Wharton. iron wedges were found in a crevice of rocks Farmington, November loth.—There| are near this place nearly eaten up with rust. ^ traditions relative to the finding of lead and One of the wedges I have seen. It somewhat 0 silver ore in Wharton township extending resembled a coal wedge, with a broad edge, ,y back to the earliest pioneer days, even to and was much battered, as if used in extract- , Braddock's Expedition, in 1755. The Indians ing a hard substance from a hard rock. in that early period were supplied with fire¬ These are some of the traditions afloat in arms by the French, and were well acquainted Wharton relating to the finding of lead and with the use of lead for bullets. The tradi¬ silver ores, and as “Where there is much tion states that after Braddock’s Expedition, smoke there is usually a little fire,” there is when the French were conquered and peace at least a probability that these ores exist, restored, and settlers began to enter the land, and that the outcrop has been found by that Indians were captured and tortured to various individuals at various times. Geo¬ icompel them to reveal the localities where logically, there is nothing improbable in the ■ lead and silver ores were found, of which matter, as it is well known that some of the they were supposed to have knowledge. limestones of the carboniferous strata are Later, several men who claimed to be old sol¬ lead-bearing; that the New Red Sandstone is diers of Washington and Braddock came j copper-bearing; and that the Great Carbouifer- into the township and prospected for lead in ' ous Limestone which underlies the coal meas¬ jthe vicinity of Farmington. They were sup¬ ures and probably forms the spines of our posed to have a knowledge of the existence of I mountains, is the great lead bearing rock of i these ores, but finding all the land entered, [the West. If this stone, or the limestones of they went quietly away. Forty or 50 years the Lower Coal Measures, have been edged ago, there stopped with the Knoxes and up to an outcrop in Wharton, veins of lead Thomases of Gibbons Glade, two men who may be in them with silver in combination as | a sulphuret. y a to ■TT “We worked steadily all day, and by Mr. Although quite young at the time, and, thinking themselves safe after th a terrific cannonnading which , was re¬ into the city. They were not perceive turned with spirit. Under cover o this attack a rocket ship aud five barge attempted to pass up the north chanrr aud the most of them had been taken away. At midnight the British fleet moved up closer to the fort aud began a realization of our position by the roar nightfall we had filled aU the cartridges ship, quickly followed by a general bom¬ bardment of the fort. This continued a long horn spoon and Adam closed them at the end.- After the soldiers had shown of the first gun from Admiral Cookburn s until midnight us to be lively. We were brought to big cartridges. Currell rolled the paper us how to do the work, they left, telling ex¬ when the war broke out. One of his said they wanted us to help load car¬ powder magazine as soon as we lauded at the fort and taught how to make the for the cartridges, 1 filled them with September 13, 1814. I was idling about tridges at Fort McHenry. We jumped into the boat. We were taken to the him by the hand. I think Old Hickory body in reach. I reckon Ut, was the,most in truly Democratic reeeptiA' ever held the White House.” “The periences he relates as follows: burn, appeared before Fort McHenry the shore in company with two compan¬ was broken by the inaugural mob. But it McCleary'" has some vivid recollections of the war of 1812, he being in Baltimore A guard of soldiers came along and car¬ The liquor was spilled on the rich were pets and the china and glassware quar¬ a good-natured mob. There was no attraction, but not so great as Jackson. take Everybody wanted to see him and enjoyed it. He shook hands with every¬ Cock- British fleet commanded by Admiral ions, Henry Currell and Adam Wops. reling in spite of the free indulgence great in intoxicants. The tables were a with. oeratic. Ceremony was dispensed tubful, about by the toddy stood ove were heaped and delicacies aud crowd was hungry tables. The eat. Whisky punch plenty to was plenty There welcome. HiS 94th BIRTHDAY. Aged Resident Near Ohio Pyle. ie adjoining rooms and everybody was] of remarkable! number are a great ^iere Uniontowo, Pa., December 10.—Today •alters. Refreshments were served in! deposit an immense' Many of these springs shook hands with the endless line of j and in describing it said: “President Mr. McCleary walked from Baltimore to | Jackson and Vice President Calhoun he has a fund of reminiscences running dent Jackson in 1829. On this occasion Washington to witness the ceremony, away back to the inauguration of Presi¬ at Cumberland, Md., December 10, 1800. from Ohio Pyle. Mr. McCleary was born Interesting Reminiscences of an His mental vigor still is unimpaired, and resident of this county, about a rr»lle mayi Lower Coal Measures. However this and: ship, and deserve more careful attention analysis. A. H. Morrison. town¬ be, they are scattered throughout the they springs are principally sulphur and iron, in the indicate great beds of coal and iron ore of region, and was produced by the red oxide lead that such red water was common in the this An old Missouri lead miner was through stated lead is supposed to have been found, analine colors are extracted from petroleum. of a powerful mineral spring in the bottom as the one- to suspect that it comes from oil, section some years ago, and after examining leads it shows a bright analine red, which to than water, and in still water all settles water, the bottom. Beneath beautifully clear floats ter does not unite with the water, but the form of flakes and grounds. It is heavier like a matter has formed flat mounds shaped mat¬ saucer turned up side down. This red in in perfectly clear water when in motion, resembling ochre. amount of red matter arise in swamps, this Around some which derives great benefit from He states that he plaints. of it home with him. visits, and takes bottles liver and stomach com¬ to relieve kidney, compound seems adapted its use. Its mineral Glass Works, who has Howard of the Beaver uses the water on his a summer resort here, be made the basis of near Farmington, could for invalids. President a fine summer resort observed during Those 1 have broken strata. scarcely any: dry summers made the past two flow of water. One of diminution in their on Dr. Stone’s property these springs, located VVhar-l scattered throughout i_ Aeral springs valleys and near are found in the tOD. They Their waters of the highest ridges. the crests depths, through from great seem to come where ! Stony Fork, close to the Glover tract, of these j lead. If the chemical ingredients 1 is the ninety-fourth anniversary of the au t. I birth of James Hendrickson McCleary, a 'rKiv«\'ey Fort f McHenry;M^BenryTTtjey set up a de- the h»Tk°Ut' .Tl,ey liad uotl counted on to the firm of John Snowden & Son teLb tf^ry, at tlie Lazaretto. The bat- by the United States government. f„°J?e.ned fire wittl such deadly effect 1862 the Pittsburg firm of Snowdens IVLl'&T .tbe,b”ats back Li confusion. Nort. Pd artackeby Gen’ Ross <>n the 7 u,r°n’ comP°sed of John Snowden, North Fo.nt road had failed, and the John Nelson Snowden, his son, and Albert inevitable/^6 F°ft McHem'y luade retreat , Mason, built for the government two nft3beiU tbe firinS ceased, and cheer large armored boats, the Manayunk and after cheer went up from the fort, we the Umpqua, to be used in the river fleets boys knew that, the battle was over. This was between 4 and 5 o'clock. Shortly in the expeditions against the Confedera-1 after, we heard the click of the key In the cy, on the Mississippi. Some time after !?bk’ and an officer stuck his face inside the contract had been signed and ail ma¬ Wcd°T°r a'ld Said Witl1 a &rln> ‘Well, terials had been bought by the firm, the boys, I teckon you want your supper?’ • st,ff andtlalt starved, but we partners disagreed and the firm of John were, the proudest lads in Baltimore, for Snowden & Son was formed, consisting of hadn t we helped to defend Fort Me- HeDry? John Snowden and John Nelson Snowden. The new firm agreed to complete the con¬ boys were eat'ng their break- RfiL a“CIVScott Ke-y’ on board a tract and take the materials oflf the hands 'British worship, was composing “The of Snowdens & Mason, but the latter firm Star Spangled Banner.” Mr. McClearv j“®t„Key afterward in Baltimore, and was to remain responsible for the comple¬ lecalls him as “a slim young fellow tion of the vessels, and Albert G. Mason If i toc^ft dThSed’ 8nd lokoiQS like an aris- was to receive |30,000 when the govern¬ W |to«at- The s°ng was published in The I | Baltimore American, and soon was sung ment paid for the work. 1 1 by everybody." s The boats were finished in 1865 and 1866, ‘^oCieary witnessed the first work but shortly afterward Albert G. Mason done on the old national pike. This h» says was on “June 11, 1S11, Henry Me- died and his administrator, John Mason, Kmley being tbe contractor for tbe first claimed that he did not receive the money i '^bre.e milps west of Cumberland. He had nor any part of the extras charged to the lturnmmfiveSfW?°e<'D P'°W’ wbicb would government for the work. A suit was in¬ It f m furrow- and was drawn stituted against the firm of Snowden & I wuth 4fi^e«n b°rSeS Were decorated f v?a ^ d streamers, and on each Son and a judgment was obtained for |34,- i 1 hard ^ dressed 1Q the national colors. 000. This could not be collected, however, A band was present, and hundreds of p^o- ple had collected to see the beginning ss the firm had gone into bankruptcy, and (failure ' Tbe bi& li,ow was a 11 John Mason filed a creditor’s bill against I railure, foi it had not gone 500 yards them in the bankruptcy proceedings. I until it_struck a rock, and went to pieces.'’ ...... / In a bill in equity filed in the United I States circuit court it is alleged that John ’ 7 Snowden & Son entered into an agree¬ ment with Mr. Mason to turn over the J From, judgment to Adam Jacobs, father of Capt / Adam Jacobs, and son-in-law of John J Snowden, and he In turn agreed to pay I the administrator the face value of the 3 judgment when the government shoulc 3 appropriate the money claimed to be dm r the Snowdens & Masons for extra work. - On April 27, 1893, the court of claims ,f granted the firm |91,072 for work done on 0 the Manayunk, and $118,327 for work or.yf the Umpqua, a bill allowing such a claim \ having passed congress and been signed E SETTLEO, by President Harrison. Snowdens & Ma¬ son had applied for such a bill during ; END OF MANAYUNK AND UMP¬ President Grant’s administration, but, QUA LITIGATION. although it passed congress, it was vetoed by the president. j Pinal Payment of Moneys in the The bill also alleges that the appropria¬ Case of the Vessels Built by tion of this money was not made known Snowden & Mason During the to John Mason, then a resident of Chica¬ go, and the United States circuit court Civil War-History of the Case. was petitioned to recover the amount hrTT!r°’ Jan- 34~A final settlement claimed to be due the administrator of Al¬ has just been made in the famous case of bert G. Mason’s estate. No answer to the Mason versus Snowden, which has been bill was filed by the defendants, and on September 17, 1894, the suit was discon¬ aPnTwh' Hnthe?°Urt3f0r Dearly 30 years and which involved oy. r $200,000, money tinued and costs paid in the case. At thii ^rt of the money claimed to be dm .as paid to John Mason, and at the last 7£ session of congress the final appropriation was made in fovor of John Snowden & a ™ c°eureenWashington’s judgment Son. John Nelson Snowden, now engag¬ ed in the coal business at Brownsville, has from Pittsburg wK made a final settlement with John Mason, madedia^ ,yanan exrenueuextended “ . “Sackwere after- ex- and the interesting litigation of years is a' aminlng the routes ^ canai 0f New an end. Mr. Mason received f30,000. The heirs of Adam Jacobs claimed the money, sf “I5m because he had obtained possession of the examned the country fr^r0^e Sum- judgment, but nothing has ever been done near the Cumberland across r to regarding their claim. mit, by ^“^^cpvfMt or Confluence, the Yough at Turlcey pronounced A 20 miles above this Place, ana Pf the lot it to be the best ca ^,me route was Forty-five years after tb® and ohlo surveyed f°r Cie R“3 vho had been canal by General Bern; Bonaparte, an aide-de-camp to Napoleon rs ^ and afterward m!?lyFLrveyof pr0_ Louise PhilUpe. His survey frQm Cum_ posed extension of the from Cum¬ berland showed in the the Yough- berland over the t^afoscent of 1,961 feet iogheny an ascent an , kg the entire to be overcome by 240 lock ^ mouth work to cost $10,028,BW. way of the Bate, ofYough the anVlonongahelaCasselman to^ THtt^burg.Pitteburg, he founded would a fall require of.61Vs 7& mM7=rlocks costingcost §t $4,170,- ^ wK ass j Romantic Beginning of the Coke Re¬ hon re-surveyed the route pended an appropriation. gion Metropolis. Connellsvii.le, February 23, 1895. Very few of the ten thousand people living in Connellsville and its suburban precincts know the part Cupid played in From, \ founding the center of the greatest coke region in the world. Zachariah Connell, a hardy young \ ir- ginlan, without much silver to Jingle in his homespun trousers, but with a great deal of good common sense under his coonskin cap, journeying through the trackless woods of the frontier, came one Date evening to the cabin of Captain William Crawford. This was in 1771. Captain Crawford had built his log house on the pleasant fiat just opposite this place in the shadow of an oak-grown hill behind and facing1 the shallow crossing of the Youghiogheny. The geographical points of this location still survive m the recol- lection of a few old citizens, but all tne other traces of it have passed nwtiy. Young Connell was hospitably enter¬ RECOLLECTIONS of the late tained by Captain Crawford and remained all night with him. Here he met the james brown. captain’s 17-year-old daughter Ann and promptly fell in love with her. He stayed with the Crawfords some time, reeking Interesting Reminiscences of Fay¬ \ his excuse the desire to find suitable land on which to settle. Captain Cranford, ette’s Capital as Gleaned From who was a justice of the peace and a sur¬ An Old-Time Resident-Streets, veyor, helped him. After deciding on suitable locality Connell married his host s Buildings and Prominent Citizens daughter, and built a cabin on the site of the Trans-Allegheny house. of the Early Days. At that time this was the head of navi¬ gation on the Yough and here emigrants James Brown, who died in 1894, was a and travelers for the west coming over man of remarkably good memory and had the mountains by w^y of Bedford camp¬ ed here while they built flat boats with distinct recollections of Umontown and which to continue their journey. its people 50 years ago, in about 1340-45. , Zachariah Connell began to provide them with provisions and supplies with no Some time before his death, James A small profit He took out a charter and Searight, Esq., had conversations with laid out the town of Connellsville inl<93. He took care to make special provision him on his recollections of early Umon¬ for the accommodation of those fravele town, and the News Standard is iudebt- giving a plot of ground beside the river front in the heart of the ^0^.„t°t„b^<4nd over free for the use of inhabitants, ana ed to Mr. Searight for the following ab¬ | house preceding the present one, and I stract of Mr. Brown’s interesting recollec¬ saw it burn-down. The recollection of tions : the fire is as vivid to me as it was the day “When I was a boy I recollect that there that it burned. The building took fire was a small distillery up the hollow west | from a de ective flue near the roof. Court of and in the rear of Green Crossland’s was in session at the time and old Edward 1 residence and on the . Crossland farm, j Hyde was the first person to discover the which was then owned by the Browns. fire. He went rushing into the court At this distillery,one John Updegraff, pro- doom and cried out, ‘What the ’ell are you I cured whisky and got drunk—and oi ■ doing here and the house burning down i course, came to town to exhibit his condi- lover your heads?’ The old court house | tion. Becoming very noisy on the streets was only one-story high, and the public j he was put in the jail—lockups at that offices were located on the right and left time not being in vogue. That night he of the front entrance and with the court jwas killed by “Crazy Billy,” who was an house formed a wide court large enough inmate of the jail, and whose history is for a drill ground, where I have often well told in the lately issued “History of stood and watched Col. Reddick drill the |the National Road” by Col. T. B. Searight. Uniontown volunteers. |“Crazy Billy’s” history, though that of a “The old Shellcut house stood on the itnurderer, is romantic and interesting. site of the old Clinton house which was {He lived for years after killing Updegra torn down to make more and better room and his remains are buried in the Unio for the present court house. The Shellcut jcemetery where at the head of his gravel house was two stories high with very high has been placed a large carved stone taken front steps, and many old people still re¬ from one of the pillars that supported the member ‘Shellcut’s small beer’ that was roof of the poich in front of the court made and sold at that old tavern stand. | house, recently torn away to make room :for the present imposing and costly struc¬ “Col. Alexander McLain at one time ture of justice. When quite young I look¬ lived on the rear of the Shellcut tavern ed through the doorway of the jail and [ lot, and I often helped to haul him in his was told, ‘There is Crazy Billy who killed i rolling chair from his house to his office. John Updegraff,’ He was the first register and recorder oi' Fayette county, and a pioneer in good j “I also saw Ephraim Douglass kill Moses works as well as early settlement. He jShaw.' It made my blood run cold and 1 was*a remarkable man, many of whose sometimes think that I feel it to this day. descendants still remain in Uniontown, I heard Shaw say to Douglass, ‘My God, and a full history of him can be found in . you wouldn’t kill me would you?’ Shaw Judge Veech’s valuable ‘Mouongahela of was drunk and quarrelling before Doug- Old.’ j lass’s front door and I was trying to go “Coming west on Main street where the I past him in order tG get home. I saw Dawson-Howell law buildings now stand Douglass come from his front door and there was a row of one-storv brick houses (run a spear through Shaw from the eflecls ' which were used for offices. They were i of which the latter died. Douglass lived torn down and rebuilt by Judge John ; in a brick house which stood on the site Dawson, an uncle of Hon. John L. Daw¬ of a frame building now owned by the son, a former distinguished member of heirs of Isaac Messmore, it being the first congress from this district. 1 went to house east of the residence of Dr. Hazlett school in that old building and Betsey' on the south side of Main street, east end. Hedge and Sally Patton were my teachers. ' This house for years afterward and even “A short distance west of the Dawson up to the time when it was burned down, building was the ‘Buzzards Roosts.’ it was called a haunted house and in conse¬ was a two-story brick building owned by quence thereof was not a desirable resi¬ the Gregg heirs, and was sometimes kept dence. I was so young at the time of the as a tavern. In that old building the murder that my mother kept me hid Hon. Daniel Sturgeon, a distinguished away in the house to prevent my being member of the United States senate, and called as a^itness in the trial of Douglass a resident of Uniontown up to the time of for murder. his death, was married. “Well do I recollect the high ground “Still further west on Main street was upon which the old court house stood John McLeary’s watch making shop, and fifty years ago. There was a hign ridge then came Squire Lindsey’s two-story which commenced near where the Kaine frame building on an alley. Lindsey's buildings now stand and which extended property was afterwards known as the as far west as the old court house. The ‘Dicus property,’ and the house was re¬ old court house was the second court moved when North Gallatin avenue was j oFhis office, always gave judgment for the “On the south side of Main p:aint,iff. end, was the old ‘Swan House,’ “Still lower down and farther westward Nathaniel Brownfield. This Is the was the old ‘Red Raven’ tavern, and where house that remains just as I saw it Commercial Row’ now stands was an old years ago. It is no longer a hotel, but open wagon yard. Well do I remember owner can still be seen sitting in an split bottom chair, hale and hearty, look¬ the shows which used to exhibit on this old wagon yard lot. Immediately back of ing much as he did fifty years ago. the old wagon yard and on Peter street “Coming eastward and across the alley taere stood an old log house in which from the Swan house was the property of Noble McCormick taught school. I at¬ Col. William B. Roberts, who went to the tended his school, and one day at the) Mexican war and died in the city of Mex¬ noon recess while playing with the rest of ico. Col. Roberts’ corner business build¬ ing was the first four-story and basement the boys, Judge Nathaniel Ewing’s team of match sorrels ran away and ran over building ever erected in Uniontown, and I me. One.of the horses struck me with his have often heard the question raised as to feet. Physicians thought I could not get whether ‘the title to Col. Roberts’ proper¬ well, and although I never fully recovered ty run so high up.’ Adjoining this prop¬ from my injuries, yet I have lived to see erty on the east was the home of the fa¬ many younger persons than myself bow to mous Dr. Lewis Marchand, who it was the inevitable. said at that day was the only physician that could cure the bite of a mad dog. He “Farther down Main street, westward, was old Peter Strayer’s saddler shop. Be¬ removed to Greenfield, on the Mononga- hela river below Brownsville, and died low this shop was Samuel Harah’s hat there, while his Uniontown property is store, and across the alley, now Broad¬ now owned by Daniel P. Gibson. way, was the Walker hotel at which Gen. “The next hotel east was what is known Lafayette stopped when he visited Union- as the Hotel Brunswick. It was kept fifty town in 1825. This hotel, now modern¬ ized, is kept, and well kept by Charles H. years ago by a man named Hart. General Jackson always stopped at this hotel in Rush under the name of the Central hotel. traveling over the National road, and Further westward was Dr. Hugh Camp- , while on his way from the Hermitage to bell’s drug store, succeeded at a short dis-' "dance by Isaac Wood's saddler shop.” Washington. Eastward and opposite the McClelland-house, was the old Benjaminj Hellen hat store, and on the corner of | Main and Morgantown streets, was a store i kept by one Kline. This corner was known fifty years ago as ‘Faucett’s cor¬ ner.’ The old market house stood on the site of the Lewis Dawson block, and buck RECOLLECTIONS OF THE LATE of the maiket house the old Peniisylvania JAMES BROWN. Democrat was printed. “Jonathan Allen kept a store in what is Interesting Reminiscences of Fay¬ now known as the Tremont corner, and ette s Capital as Gleaned From about the middle ol the square, Isaac Bee¬ son, one of the founders of Uniontown, An Old-Time Resident-Streets, kept a dry goods and grocery store. On Buildings and Prominent Citizens the west side of an alley eastward James of the Early Days. McKean kept a dry goods store, and on “On the corner of Main and Pittsburg the east side was the residence of Robert streets there was a two-story frame build¬ Skiles, and I well remember seeing the ing known as Wiley’s tin shop, and whose burning: of the stables and warerooms in site is now occupied by the Masonic build¬ the rear of these buildings. ing owned at present by Dr. F. C. Robin¬ “On the west corner of Bank alley (now son. On the corner where the First Na- Weniger’s corner) Joshua B. Howell, a j kion&l bank now stands, John Campbell distinguished lawyer and the brave com¬ i kept the Uniontown postoffice, which is | mander of the famous 85th Pennsylvania ; now located in the rear of the bank build¬ volunteers, lived, and across the alley ing. I have often paid John Campbell eastward and on the site of the Southwest three fippenDy bits (18J) to send a letter Pennsylvania railroad depot, was the resi¬ for me to the state of Ohio. dence of Hon. R. P. Flenniken, minister “The Good Intent hotel was on the site to Denmark under President Polk. From of the McClelland house, and James Sea¬ Flcnniken’s along south Main street were ton kept the Seaton house where the West small houses until you came to tbe site of End hotel now stands. the present Hustead-Semans business | block. There was the Lyons property j house and hay scales on Arch street. It (and back of it and near the site of the was a one story brick structure and in it I Cumberland Presbyterian church and the saw the Rev. Joel Stoneroad ordained. || I Union school buildings, there was a large Where the residence of the Hor, \ apple orchard. When Church street was j Nathaniel Ewing and the Episcopal wJlaid out it passed through a part of tin's church now stand, was the stage yard of | v,! orchard whose trees were then cut down L. W. Stock con, who was the proprietor j y i to allow street grading. of a stage line on the old National road. “On the east corner of Walker’s alley in e j The old Greenland pottery stood where pi the building in which Dr. R. M. Walker the Episcopal parish buildings are now bjj died, Robert Barclay lived. The Walker erected. ( spouse, used for court purposes while the “Fifty years ago the third part of B)j present court house was being built, was Uniontown was on and back of Pittsburg tjjtorn down in order to widen South Galla- street. Near the site of the Beeson flour¬ P|tin avenue. East of Walker’s was an old ing mill was the old tilt hammer where ni frame building (on the site of several law scythes and tools were made at that time- office buildings) into which Shelicut The old Levi Downer tannery of fifty- moved his cake and beer shop when the years ago is still standing near the North old Clinton house was built. The old Gallatin street bridge. I have recently pump still stands in front of the law j visited the old Presbyterian graveyard offices and is known as the old Shelicut! which is back of the court house. In it pump. Next eastward after Shelicut was ' my mother’s remains were buried, and I an old tavern kept by James McLain, am constrained to say ‘Shame on Union-, who, however, was no relation to the old town.’ In this graveyard lie the remains register and recorder. Then came the I of the older members of some of the old¬ James Ewing property now the residence est and best families of Uniontown, and of Alexander Ewing. Near the Ewing yet it looks like a wilderness. The same property Jimmy Windorn kept a store, can be said of the old Methodist grave and in his counter had a hole cut large yard. Some charitably -inclined person enough for a medium sized egg to pass whose ancestors’ bones lie there should and for all eggs sufficiently small to pass leave a fund in trust to keep these old through this aperture he only paid half j graveyards in a respectable condition. price. The next building eastward was “Near the present ice plant at the west on the site of the Moran house and was of town was the old Beeson mill, and known as the Howell tavern, being kept where the livery and boarding stables are by Seth Howell who afterwards went west on West Peter street, was the old Metho¬ and was reported to have become very dist church. Where the Gallagher farm wealthy. After the Howell tavern came was fifty years ago I now see one of the 1 the James Piper property in which Betsey most beautiful resident parts of Union j Hedge lived and there taught school, as town. The old brick house on Beeson well as in other parts of town. I was one avenue was a farm house fifty years ago, of her pupils in the old Piper property. and I well recollect when a barn near the Succeeding the Piper property came the house burned. noted old Ephraim Douglass.house and “There are numerous other changes ) just beyond it was John Canan’s black- that I have seen in looking around the smith and wagon making shop, the last 9 town, but these that I have mentioned , b hiding toward the eastern bridge on the are the most important and will be I south side of Main street. enough to recall to the minds of the older J “The second settled part of Uniontown citizens some of the changes that have I fifty years ago was Morgantown street. occurred since fifty years ago, and will al On the corner of Fayette and Morgantown so be suggestive as to the importance of was the old Dr. Brady property, after¬ recording the same. I would litre to see wards known as the National hotel, a fa¬ the Uniontown of one hundred years ago mous coach and stage stand. Brady’s ca¬ recalled and recorded.” reer as a mail robber and his trial in the United States court is given fully in the ‘History of the old National Road.’ Near the present residence of Dr. King, was the old Byers cooper shop which is still a part of a standing building. The old Baptist THE M. E. GRAVEYARD AND ITS church on the top of Morgantown street MOULDERING TOMBSTONES. hill, and which is now a Dunkard house of worship, is one of the old landmarks of fifty years ago which still stands as in tie Honored Names Which Are Fading olden time. The old Presbyterian church from Crumbling Marble and was on the site of the present market Granite—Suky Young’s Old Head who died November 12, li _>tone—Col. Wm. B. Roberts’s! other inscriptions are found those the -''Military Record Told in Stone- following n imed persons : Other Graves. Rev. Thornton Fleming, an itinerant Situated on the corner of Peter a A | preacher of the M. E. church for 61 years, Arch streets, near the business portio /of; died November 20, 1846, aged 82 years. town, is the old Methodist church burying I Rev. Daniel Limerick, for 18 years in grounds. Some of its inhabitants have! the ministry of the M. E. church, died slumbered, undisturbed, for more than a April 28, 1813. century. People come and go, but the ! Morris Covert, died 1825. silent old cemetery stands as a reminder James Gregg, died 1828. of the past. Time ha3 stretched forth her j Susana Roland, died 1798, aged 44 years relentless hand and sadly defaced the ok! Joseph Fraser, born January 1, 1759, tombstones rendering most of the inscrip died July 20,1834, aged 85 years, tions indiscernable. No keeper watches Ewing McCIeary died 1828, aged 45 over it, no friendly visitors walk among | years. its weed entwined paths. The wind and :' i Thomas Brownfield, died April 27, 18 9, rain beat upon it, the snows of winter fall j j aged 62 years, and many others of the an about it and “make all white and frozen j -'esters of some of the old families ol pure.” Day after day it stands there un¬ ; Uniontown. attended and uncared tor by those who : The only headmark in good preserva-1 control it or have departed friends sleep- j tion is the marble monument erected tc ing within its borders. the memory of the Roberts family. Ol [ Weeds and grass have taken possession i one side is the following inscription : j and grow in luxuriance over the resting ; “Col. William B. Roberts, died in the City places of the leading and foremost men of j . f Mexico October 3, 1847. At the call | the vicinity. The graves are not kept of his country he raised a company of vol j green and trim as in neighboring mauso unteer infantry for the war with Mexico: | leums where flowers and hedges grow in was elected its captain, joined the 2nd Pa 1 splendor, but weeds and grass grow ir I regulars and was elected its cplonel. Cerrt 1 profusion everywhere. These old ceme- ! Gordo attested his skill and bravery. He teries bring a dread to some minds and a 1 surrendered his life to disease in the cap loathing to others and to still more it | tured capital of the enemy, whence bis makes life sad. It is well it is so. All T- remains were brmight and here inferred, graveyards go to seed like weeds. It is , only a question of time until people forget . where they were. This is the oldest known burial place $ From, .Cc*. in Uniontown and the oldest tombstone which bears a legible inscription is that E which stands to the “Sacred memory ol I Suky Young, who departed this life the 1 20th of September, A. D. 1790, aged 2 years, 1 month, 17 days,” but it is sup-1 Bate "X posed it was used as a burial ground as early as 1780, three years before the first Methodist Episcopal church was erected ^ Ji m Jkjk. on a part of it. The first meeting house was a log structure of two stories with a A HISTORIC COLORED WOMAN small addition attached for school pur¬ poses. The old log building was used as a Now a Patient at the Cottage State place of worship until 1833, when it was replaced by the present old brick building Hospital, standing on the cemetery property and now used as a livery stable. There are TELLS THE STORY OF HER LIFE. several tombstones bearing dates from 1790 to 1800. A great nptgny Qf the inscrip¬ tions are obliterated by the action of the Some Incidents that Happened During thej[ t OiClfiblltS* National Pike’s Palmy Days Many old and well known citizens once prominent in the affairs of UniontowL AT A FAMOUS OLD BROWNSVILLE INN. a sleep there and a large number have been removed to Oak Grove cemetery. In this ground was buried John Wood, who was Reminiscences of General Wm. H. Harrison, Andrew Jackson, Henry Clay and Others. '■■any years a justice of the peace and . - - ' “ " J 61 ' biing the Ex-Presidents dinner to him on a I Patients with iut are often ltray°and to attend him while he dined. He brought to the Cottage State ^ospital here, was a stout gentleman with a pleasant face, but none have ever entered with as much and we all thought he was very handsome. lore stored up in their memory from events “General William Henry Harrison, while of actual life scenes as a bright old colored journeying from Hamilton county, O., to be woman who is now under treatment as a pri¬ inaugurated at Washington in 1841, stopped vate patient in the little room off the north at the Workman Inn and was compelled to ward. Her name is Frances Workman. remain there two weeks on account of sick¬ About a month ago she fell over a stake driv¬ ness. Ody a small party accompanied the en into the ground at the residence of James President-elect, and it was whispered about L. Bowman of Brownsville and had her leg at the inn that the sturdy old Indian fighter badly lacerated by the fall. It was her first was more a subject for a place in the grave serious accident during an eventful life. The than a seat at the Capitol, as he was pale and Bowman’s, to give their faithful old servant thin, and feebly walked about with bent the best possible care, sent her to the Hos¬ [shoulders. He took both, dying thirty-two pital here, and she has interested doctors and days after his inauguration. General Win- nurses alike with her historical reminiscences. I field Scott was another guest at the inn whom She was born on June 2nd, 1815, at Colum¬ I attended. He too was aged and feeble at bia, Pa. At that time negro and slave the time, 1852. He was then the Whig candi¬ were synonomous in the Union, and'the little date for President. He was detained at the Frances and one other of five sisters were inn about a week by sickness. During that sold when mere infants to Noah Speer of time I became well known to the old veteran, Bellevernon. Speer owned one-half the real waiting on him and serving his meals regu¬ estate of the present site of Bellevernon, and larly to him. the quarters occupied by his negro slaves “General Andrew Jackson also stopped at stood on the spot where the GibsoD distillery the Workman Inn in 1S45. He was on his now stands. When nine years old Frances last journey to ‘The Hermitage,’ near Nash and her sister were sold by their first master ville. Tenn. He was accompanied by his to Solomon Krepps of Brownsville, who at wife and nephew, a distinguished servant that time was a member of the Legislature. who had been George Washington’s sword Krepps was not an advocate of the slave case carrier, and several other parties. It traffic, but he said that since evarybody kept was in the pleasant month of May, and the them and bartered in them he could not af¬ party remained at the inn a few days, during ford to support his establishment with other which time they were attended at table by labor. He paid better prices than most of me. About two weeks after Jackson left the slave dealers, giving $1,600 for Frances Brownsville, word was received that he had and her sister. “Our life,” said Frances to a died at ‘The Hermitage,’ June 8th, 1845.” Courier reporter yesterday, “during the “Old Rough and Ready” Zachary Taylor, eight years which I served Krepps, had none Henry Clay and other lights of the country’s of the terrors related of the slaves in the most stirring times were personally known to South. I was employed as a field girl, work¬ the aged patient at the Hospital. There was ing with the harvesters, the gardeners or oth¬ a law in Pennsylvania during slavery times er outside laborers. We lived in a planta¬ that after 28 years’ service a negro was free. tion house out in the fields near our work. Accordingly, about 1845 Frances Workman Our food, however, was the same as that pre¬ was freed, but she liked her master’s home pared for the master’s family and was and did not leave until several years after, brought from his kitchen each meal. There when she and a number of other negroes de¬ were two white masters over us, as Krepps termined to take advantage of their freedom was away from home most of the time. If and see some of the country. They were either of the white masters treated us un¬ traveling down the South Carolina coast, justly we appealed to Krepps for satisfac¬ when Fort Sumpter was fired upon, and im tion, and we always got it.” mediately started North. The heroine of this When Frances was 17 years old the Browns- sketch then entered the homestead of Jacob | ville Legislator died from eating too much Bowman, one of the most influential men of | honey and drinking buttermilk, She was Brownsville. There she remained for eight then sold to James Workman, who was pro¬ years, nursing Mrs. Bowman till she died prietor of an inn at Brownsville. Everybody She then went to live with Jacob Bowman’s traveled in those days by stage coach over son, James L , where she now makes her the old National Pike, and the little Work¬ home. man inn at Brownsville was the stopping The Old woman has showy white hair and j place of nearly all the notable officers and has lost her teeth, but there is not a wrinkle government officials on their way from the on her face. Like every person who has Middle Atlantic and some of the Southern never suffered an accident, she is distressed i states to Washington. over her present injury. The staff of physi¬ Frances gives the following account of her cians and Hospital authorities are taking spe¬ first meeting with some of the distinguished cial care with her, aud she will likely be guests of the inn: “One day, while I was able to return to historic Brownsville in two yet young, there was a considerable stir at weeks. the inn by the announcement that Ex- President John Quincy Adams was going to stop there on a trip from the Capital, West. I think it was about in the year 1832. Adams was a Congressman at the time. I was f greatly delighted when told that I was to ■V Si: era! cords ef hickory wood they sc ed in extracting the file with was spiked. : From, . It next became the object of political contention, frequently changing fro' one party to another. At one time tl. party in possession buried it in M Prince’s archway, opposite the soutT^ Date ,(ZZ*.€,J.£J.. side of the public square in Sunbury Its hiding place was made known b, Mrs. Prince stumbling over it, when he 1 A RELIC or TORT AUGUSTA. remarks upon the occasion were not ex pressed in a whisper, but somewhat em¬ History of the Last Piece of Artillery phatic. The place of its concealment Used in Defense of This Historic Fort- being thus revealed the other party stole,1 lfs [written for the jeffersonan democrat.] it in the cellar of Robbin’s tanning place ra Of all the pieces of artillery used as at the east end of Market street where a' the engines of war at this historic and now stands the palatial residencr of P memorable spot all have disappeared Hon. George Cadwallader. In 1824, it s from the presence of man except this was stolen from the river bank at Sun¬ oue piece. It is now in charge of Fire bury by citizens of Selin’s Grove, then Company No. 1, of Sunbury. In the in Union county, and hidden away in limits of this city was situated Ft. Au¬ Mr. Baker’s cellar. In 1823, George gusta. from which this iron monster Weiser, of Sunbury, on going to the belched forth death and many of the town of Selin’s Grove discovered its hid¬ redskins emigrated to the happy hunting ing place, bribed the maid to have the grounds as the result. door unlocked and the dog removed from While in the city of Sunbury (August, the premises. A company went from 1893,) we interviewed the venerable Dr. Sunbury to Selin’s Grove, took the can¬ R, H. Awl, who is beyond the ailoted non from the cellar and started with time of ordinary man—three score and their trophy for Sunbury, rejoicing over ton—and learned the facts of the history their success. After arriving at Sun¬ of this piece of ordinance. The infor¬ bury they went to a hotel at the corner mation is reliable as the aged doctor has of Third and Maiket streets, carried the esnen-fc tie' gr. iter part of his life in delv¬ cannon to the attic, placed a bed over ing into the history of Pennsylvania, it, on which Joseph Eisley, a fourteen- and especially of the west branch valley old-boy, slept to give the alarm in case of the Susquehanna. a party should make an attempt to steal Tills cannon from cascabel to muzzle it away. The cannon having been kept flfty-si'x and one-half inches. In front safe was brought down the next morn¬ of trunnion thirty-three and three-fourth ing and did good service at a Fourth of inches, and thirty-hine inches at base July celebration. ring and twenty-four and one-half inches In 1830, it was stolen again. This at the muzzle and weighs one thousand time by a party from New Berlin, Union pounds. county, and from New Berlin it found The piece at the muzzle end was brok¬ its way to Selin's Grove where it remain¬ en off with a siedge hammer by an old ed until 1834, when Dr. R. H. Awl and colored man “Cudgo” while under the others concluded that Sunbury was the influence of liquor in 1838. The cannon proper place for the relic of the last cen¬ began its migratory existence by being tury. Two of Sunbury’s boys went to taken to Muncy, where it remained un¬ Selin’s Grove on the 4th of July and as¬ til 1774 when it was brought back to Ft. certained the exact hiding place of the Augusta. From the most reliable in¬ cannon. The rest of the party took a formation available at the time of the horse and wagon and ferry boat and Great Runaway in 1778 the cannon was crossed the river and met the other two spiked and thrown into the Susquehan¬ boys late at night at the red bridge at na river. In 1798 it was taken from the Penn’s creek. They succeeded in get¬ river. After heating it by burning sev- ting the cannon across the river and came to Sunbury. One of the party -V - ■ ing- Torn Down, Brownsville, October 11, 1S95. HISTORIC HOUSE DOOMED. That familiar landmark, the old Blaine But its days are numbered. For a Io.l Be¬ Blaine Mansion at BrownsviHe O. mansion, and the birthplace of James past Blaine, will soon be a thing of the inte For years it has been an object of est to visitors and was pointed out the people, with the pride of ownershiv as something that was a part of them. time it has been in danger of collapsin and recently notice was served on t owner, Mr. James I,. Bowman, by t West Brownsville authorities, to the feet that the building was in a dangero-j condition, and that he would be liable f any injury that would result from a eo.- lapse. The building is, too far gone to be 1 and in a few days only a vacant lot will mark the historic spot. Aubrey & jjbn i will preserve the material in the bui~ e, ing. and such of it as can be u 1 will * turned into relices for those whj care f : remembrance of the dead statesman. service the relic did active Since this man of the forest. place of the wild by revere their memories and profit has taken the whistle of the locomotive where the savage len mam in the place May we appre¬ tortured his prisoner. of our brave pioneers, ciate the services then experience. Quid Nunc. undergone a of nature has fair face locality. The change in this wonderful red skins and of that period, warriors hence. The shrill pale faces, have gone are now occupying the Stately mansions rude hut of thepioFser places where the forgiveness to fal¬ Judea now proclaims by relic hunters. the savage once stLod. or the wigwam of of die divine man of The ambassador of preservation, good state yet in a thero away carried has been what excepting Ifjy» - - - - —- — — *- -Str-V- Fort Augusta, where this piece of ar¬ In Sunbury it has remained since 1834, In 1849, about thirty young men from Buffalo Valley we In the annals of tillery was pitched into the placid Sus¬ quehanna, has been for many years out Shisler’s cellar, all of which at some Engine Company. street gutter wheie it was buried, John ! stolen and is now in charge of No. 1 Fire Weimer’s cellar, Zeigler’s tan yard, the Northumberland county jail, Chestnut to a five hundred pound ring stone, next tary relic. Samuel Iloey took charge of diers of 1812 quartered, it being chained time was the keeping place of this mili¬ first, at the old barracks where the sol¬ the cannon for many years when it was contention. of generaled returned without the bone concealed. The Danville party arrived out¬ in good time to find they had been was where the coveted piece of artillery place people placed pickets around the others revealing the plot. The Sunbury and the plan sent word to Capt. Bruner clerk in the Danville postoffice, learning was non. A young man of Sunbury can¬ Danville undertook to capture the the shoulder. in broke his sword and wounded him cue, In the fight Brady cut off Levy’s attacked each other with their swords. they than without further preparation arise 1851. No sooner did the dispute in the Brady family and died at Detroit of and brave as Caesar, the last survivor At a military gath¬ was a participant. Brady, a man six feet high, active, strong Hugh between Capt. Levy and Gen. arose ering in Sunbury in 1812 a dispute county he fought in Northumberland and hard fighter.” cat, a great boxer in one of two duels tain’s history is that facts in the Cap¬ One of the interesting of dancing, active as a ceited man, fond He was a con¬ time, except Mr. Bellas. -‘Capt. Daniel Levy find the following: lawyers of his outlives all of Sunbury's Pistol in hand with sword and phernalia of Union county. the war-ilke natives commander his services as and tendered invasion by in case of an of the defense who Daniel Levy’s residence, of Oapt. bank in front upon the river opened fire | of sight. As a landmark it has disap- day break and at powder, a keg of j stole - | peared from view, but the magazine is nejjournal para¬ out in his 1 rose, cauie --~- - -. l Ifl" 'Iff He longed to be present and take assigned to him on the program, 1 ily infirmities and recent severe ill rendered it impossible for him to hi3 home at Flatwoods. Rev. R. H. Aus tin has been in Europe for some month: and owing to an accident to the vessel in which he sailed he did not land in New Bate, cAov.LL..rr.#.£ York in time to reach here. The services began on Saturday after nooo at 2 o’clock, witln an address of wel come by Col. John Collins, who in a brie talk cordially welcomed the public to the «CENTURYm QUARTER. meetings. He referred to the great an 1 tiquitj of the churchr to the difficulty of establishing and maintaining a religious 125th ANNIVERSARY OF GREAT! organization so tar back as 125 years ago, BETHEL BAPTIST CHURCH. to the sacrificing labors and fidelity of the fathers who planted this church, and to Interesting Series of Services Com¬ the zeal and loyalty with which they con¬ memorative of the Founding of tended for the truth and transmitted it to the “Mother of Baptist Churches their successors.The Baptists,he said,were West of the Mountains ”-50th An from the first tenacious in clinging to their distinctive principles, but were al¬ niversary of the Sunday School. ways advocates of the widest liberty of Saturday and Sunday, November 9 and conscience for all. Rev. J. E. Darby, D. 10, were memorable days in the history of D., of Mt. Pleasant made the first response old Great Bethel Baptist church of Union- in behalf of the Monongahela association, town. The occasion was the 125th anni¬ of which body he is the present moderator. versary of the constitution of the church, He paid a warm tribute to the Great and was fittingly celebrated in a series of Bethel as the oldest and largest church of most interesting and impressive services. the Association, and its missionary work The program was carried out as printed, in planting other churches. Rev. H. C. with the exceptions of two disappoint Bird next responded, representing the ments, the unavoidable absence of Rev. other denominations of town. He was W. W. Hickman and Rev. R. H. Austin. rather skeptical, he said, at first when told this church was founded in 1770, as he supposed there were few people here at that time except Indians. “How¬ ever, if the Baptists were red then I am very sure they are wite now,” he said. He referred to the pleasant relations that ex¬ isted between the Great Bethel church and his own and between their pastors, and said that while the Great Bethel church was firm in contending for its I own, he always found that it did that with dignigty without encroaching on what other pastors and churches usually re¬ garded as their own. The afternoon ser¬ vices concluded with an excellent sermon by Rev. J. V. Stratton, pastor of theScott- dale Baptist church, on “The Witnessing Church.” Saturday evening’s service bpgan at 7:30 with devotional exercises conducted by Rev. Joseph M. Collins, a licentiate of the church of 1859. Mr. Elias Hatfield and Mr. Joseph Hayden being called on gave Mr. Hickman is one of the venerable ex¬ some vivid recollections of church cus¬ pastors of th j church, and has been in the toms and of the old-time members as they ministry since 1843, when he was licensed recalled them back in the 40’s. Rev. J. W. Hays, pastor of the Mt. Moriah church at Smithfield, read an interesting paper 61 ■on “A Child of Great Bethel,” the child I anniversary services, having been taken! being Mt. Moriah, which was planted by recently by Photographer Woodfill. The ' Great Bethel in 1784. He sketched in a building of the log meeting house on the graphic manner the organization and his¬ hill, where now the Brethren church tory of that church, the memorable scenes stands, was completed before 1800, and it which it experienced, the list or pastors, was succeeded by the brick there in 1833. licentiates, etc., in the 111 years existence* j The succession of pastors was traced, con¬ Rev. J. A. Maxwell, pastor of the Oonn- siderable space being devoted to a sketch ollsville church, which will be ICO years of the life and labors of that remarkable old next year, then delivered an eloquent man, Rev. Wm. Brownfield, from his first and forcible sermon on “A Dead Man call as pastor in 1812 to his death, Speaking.” fiom Paul’s words, “He being his ministerial labors covering a period of dead yet speaketh,” etc. about 60 years; also to the controversy ’The down-pour of rain Saturday after¬ between him and Alexander Campbell, noon and evening kept many at home, which finally resulted in Campbell’s with¬ though the attendance was good at both drawal from the Baptists and his found essions. Sunday morning, however, the ing a new sect. The recollections of ex- rain had ceased and the church at 10:30 Sheriff Cope «nd Joseph Hayden were re¬ was filled to overflowing. Afier opening cited as to the stirring debates between services, “The History of Great Bethel Campbell on the one side and Brownfield, Church” was presented in a paper by O. J. Frey, Whitlatch, etc., on the other, at the Sturgis. The record from the first old meeting of the Redstone associetion with minute book was read, .stating that the the old Redstone Baptist church near Great Bethel was constituted by Rev. Smock station, in 1826. The division be¬ Henry Crosby Nov. 7, 1770, the original tween Brownfield representing the “Old members being the Van Meters, Suttons, | School” and the opposition or “New j Halls and others. Rev. Dr. Joseph Smith,1 School,” on the question of missions, was 'in his “Old Redstone,” gives the Dunlaps discussed, with the final split and the suit Creek as the oldest Presbyterian church in court in 1843 in which the Mission Bap¬ west of the mountains, being gathered by tists were recognized as the true R 3V. James Power in 1774, and its first in¬ Great Bethel church, and the right¬ stalled pastor was Rev. James Dunlap, ful owners of the church property. who was installed in 1782. Rev. James I Great Bethel was not only the oldest re¬ i Hughes, Dr. Smith says, was the first man j ligious organization west of the mountains, | licensed to preach by Redstone presbyte- but was the mother of Baptist churches in this section, having planted the church at i ry, April 15, 1788. But Great Bethel Bap- Garard’s Fprt, Greene county, (1773), tne f tist church was organized November one at Stewartstown, W. Va., (1775), that 7, 1770, and on November 8, 1770, at the Glades and Redstone (1778), at jj Isaac Sutton was^Nlicensed by it to Smithfield (1784), etc. i preach, which was eleven years be- Pastor H. F. King then preached a very j fore Redstone presbytery had an existence interesting and instructive sermon from and 18 years before that body conferred its the words : “The house of God which is first license. Isaac Satton was the first the church of the living God, the pillar j pastor of Great Bethel, and preached to and ground of the truth.”—1 Tim. 3 15. it for more than 20 years. The paper Aiter showing that God gave the keeping sketched the work of the five Sutton Bap- j of the truth to the. church; that the tist preachers who came from New Jer¬ church must preserve the truth pure, de¬ sey, three of whom at least settled in this fend it, and transmit it, reference w:,s section. The original meeting house was made to the work of the Baptist denomi nearly half way from here to Smithfield, nation in supporting the truth. This is near Ashcraft’s fort, as there were more seen in their history, as acknowledged by settlers in the Georges creek country at Christian people generally; in their in¬ that time than there were about Beeson - fluence in securing the adoption of the town. Great Bethel was constituted 13 first amendment to the constitution of the years before Fayette county was organ¬ United States, guaranteeing religious lib¬ ized, and 26 years before Uniontown was erty to all and prohibiting a national re¬ incorporated as a borough. Another ligion; in their bible doctrines and prac¬ place of early meeting was “at the tices; in their denominational characteris¬ house of Bro. Thomas Gaddis,” which tics, namely, the supremacy of the scrip¬ was the old Fort Gaddis on \he tures, God’s control alone over the Indi¬ present farm of Isaac A. Brownfield, still vidual conscience in matters of religious standing, a picture of which was hanging faith and practice, the new birth a prv in the^vestibule of the church during the . requisite to church membership, ,f\- r his all, " "> ~K r ' - ^nd unqualified obedience both in religion __ and in daily walk; and in the great activi¬ and time here prevent even an outline ties of the denomination, such as educa¬ of it. tion, mission work, Sunday school work Miss Elfie C. Riteuour read let-tiers of and that done by the young people. Their regret from two former ex-pastors, Revs. growth in the United States has been E. M. Miles of Lake City City, Iowa, 1841, marked. Only five or six Baptist church's and Rev. S. H. Ruple of Gladstone, Ills., in Pennsylvania were constituted previous 1851; “Family names of Great Bethel,” to 1770, the year in which Great Bethel and brief reminiscences of a number of 1 was formed. Ten years afterward, 1780, departed members, also greetings from 1 there were in the United States 868 Rev. W. R. Patton of Media, Pa. Pastor churches, 1132 ministers, 64,975 members. King then closed the meetings with a few i In Pennsylvania now there are 674 touching remarks. The services were I churches and 100,000 members. In the most interesting and profitable through¬ United States at the present time there out, and the large crowds of people seem- I are 37,000 churches, 24,000 ordained minis ed reluctant to see them close. ters and 3,500,000 members. There was excellent congregational I singing and special music by the choir J Sunday afternoon was devoted to the throughout the sessions. The church was f 50th anniversary of the Sunday school, beautifully and profusely decorated vithij flowers and plants. and the house was filled to standing room. In response to a general public request, After opening exercises, Superintendent the proceedings of the five sessions will be *l ! D. M. Hertzog read an interesting and printed in pamphlet form, in order to be preserved for the future. The historical impressive history of the school, of which parts have more than a local interest, and he has been superintendent for 15 years many people outside of the church The school was organized the second Sun¬ and denomination have expressed the day of July, 1845, in pursuance of a reso wish to have the proceedings published. A limited number of copies will be print¬ lution passed at a business meeting of the ed, and those desiring same can leave or¬ church June 28, 1845, on motion of Rev. der with any mtmb r of the committee, • Isaac Wynn. The first superintendent Rev. H. F. King, A. B. Bryson, D. M. was William Bryson. There is no record Hertzog, J. Q. Van Swearingen, O. J. Sturgis.vuujigio. Copiesyjaw willin ticbe osold1 at 25 cents tc/ of the superintendents up to the time of cover cost of publication. the division in the church, which occur¬ red in 1867; but the following are known to have filled that office prior to the divi. - ion mentioned: George H. Shallenber- ger, Orton F. Frisbee, Rev. I. D. King, j Rev. B. P- Ferguson, A. B. Bryson and R. Porter Craig. After the removal of the old church on the hill, the superinten¬ dents were as follows: Rev. C. E. Barto, 1869-1871; Col. John Collins, 1872; Rev. W. W. Hickman, with A. B. Bryson, assistant, 1873-1875; W. A. Mauck, 1876; H. C. Diffen- derffer, 1877-1878; N. P. Cooper, 1879, and D. M. Hertzog, 1880 to the present time. The school under Mr. Hertzog’s superin¬ tendency has reached an enrollment of j FAYETTE HAS A ! over 400, and is in a prosperous condition Interesting talks followed by Revs. F. B. HALTED HOUSE. LaBarrer, J. W. Hays and H. F. King. Sunday evening J. Q. Van Swearingen, Esq., gave an entertaining and instructive An Old Murder Recalled by address on the “Young People’s Work,” sketching the growth and development of Ghostly Midnight i that feature of church life in recent years, i Visions. not only in Great Bethel but in the Bap¬ tist and other denominations at large. Rev. F. B. La Barrer of Baltimore, aL ARMLESS HANDS WERE SEEN. former pastor of the church, then preach- ^ ed a sound and thoughtful sermon on i “The Mission of the Church to the . Strange Pate for the Domain of One of p World,” to the largest congregation of the General Braddcck's Soldiers m. anniversary occasion. It was attentive y Who by tin owed and we regret that lack of space Settled Hear Jumonville and rl Cleared Up the Forest. go within miles of the cabin after night. This haunted cabin is located on the t Fulton Farm, one mile east of Jumonville, far away from the thickly Special Despatch to “The Press.” settled districts of the mountain. This old farm is the oldest settlement in the Uniontown, Jan. 11.—Fayette County mountains and yet it is to-day a wild nas a real, live ghost which is rapidly dreary looking place with no one living gaining a wide reputation. The inhabi¬ on The fences are all broken down and the herds of cattle that range over tants of the mountains around Jumon- the mountain side have this place all ville have been troubled for a long to themselves. The builder of the old time by its presence in an old house in log hut that stands near a spring at the edge of the forest was Robert Ful¬ that vicinity. Wierd ghost legends have ton, a member of Braddock’s expedi¬ been handed down from one generation tion. He served with Braddock in all to another, until to-day the people of "Is, campaigns in Western Pennsylvania and Virginia, suffered the privations of the mountain wilds believe them as im¬ the war with him and at last saw his plicitly as they do the Bible. Of late leader laid to rest at midnight in the their apprehensions have been increased middle of the old “Braddock Road,” a few miles east of the Summit. by an investigation of the strange ma¬ After the Braddock campaigns Fulton neuvers of the ghosts on their nightly returned to Ireland and married his parades. sweetheart, whom he brought to this cSuiFryi They settled down in the midst One night last week a party volun¬ of the forest. Here Robert Fulton built teered to go to the house where the spir¬ a log house, thirty by twenty-six feet, its live, and watch for them. Volum which is the scene of the present trou- ble. The forest gradually receded be¬ teers were secured with much difficulty 1 fore his diligent axe and soon his lit- ar.d finally when the evening for the garden spot had grown into a farm watch arrived, not over one-fourth of of 1,>0 acres of arable and productive land. Here he and his wife lived hap¬ the party had courage enough to proceed pily together until death separated to the scene. The talk of an Investiga¬ them. They now sleep side by side in tion of the strange stories aroused the a little graveyard near their old home. inhabitants, and they began to rehearse Rude moss-covered stones mark, their the old legends in their evening chats. last resting' place. There is no epitaph or inscription on the stones to tell whom The old witch stories were revived, and they are guarding, but the mountaineers the portions that had faded from mem point out with pride the graves of the ory were supplanted by weird imagin¬ pioneer white man in that region. ings. This revival of the old-time stories !■ THE CRIME THAT DID IT. intimidated many of the volunteers. Robert Fulton’s built log hut is not a •' Finally, a party of almost a dozen was model of architecture, but it was the ' organized. Each member armed himself largest and best in all that section dur¬ with his trusty old “Harper’s Ferry" ing- his lifetime, and was the Mecca for musket, and prepared for a combat, if the merry dances of that day. The rough necessary. They proceeded through the! ladder that served as a stairway to the second floor has iong since disappeared, forest to the little cabin where the and the wooden hinges of the doors have witches show themselves and which i&t given away beneath their load, but the even the bravest mountaineer has ( 'ie old house has many attractive features courage to visit alone after night. Thfe} even at the present day. The young had not waited long within the dingj friks of the section frequently gathered in this house and danced the long Winter old walls when strange and uneartlilj night away, while the older ones sat sounds were heard in the old kitchen around the big log fire and talked. Dur¬ in the rear of the building. The stoutest ing one of these dances the murder oc¬ heart quailed, but they crowded closely curred that gave rise to the present together, each feeling secure in the oth¬ ghost stories. The perpetrator of the er s company. Gradually the moanings murder was William Wise, a big, un- i, couth backwoodsman. While the dance : came nearer and grewprow louder. ■ was in progress a lad rushed into the MOANS OF A STRANGLED CHILD. house trembling with fear, half afraid to break his awful tidings. He had They seemed to be those of a strangled traveled miles through the dark woods child. A figure appeared at the door, but alone to tell Wise that his wife was instantly vanished. One or two of the dying in their hut farther down the company imagined they could see two mountains. When the lad arrived Wise figures struggling before them and one was filling his glass for another drink, vanquish the other. One of the party the stimulant being hard cider, appie jack and home-made wine. The boy said he could see armless hands clutch¬ told his sad story and begged Wise to ing at the throat of a child, and being return home as speedily as possible. unable to bear the sight any longer he Wise, almost insensible from drink, could rushed screaming from the house. The not understand what the little messen¬ others followed. The party halted at the ger said. He filled his glass and drank edge of a clump of trees that skirts the again. The boy kneeled before him and implored him to return home. This clearing. Their faces were blanched with seemed to incense the drunken man, and, fear and they remained speechless for seizing the boy by the throat, he crushed several minutes. None wished to return him to the floor. Wise’s strong hand to the haunted cabin to review again the pressed deeply into the KSMe fellow’s terrible things that they claim they saw throat, and before the panic-stricken dancers could move to rescue him his as plain as day. They returned home, life had been snuffed out. and related what they had seen to their Wise was never arrested, and the horror-stricken families. blackest crime in the history of the The news that the cabin was really country went unpunished. Among his haunted and that the spirits had been companions was a man named McFall, seen by the exploring party soon spread a rough sort of a dare-devil. Not long after the murder just related McFall through all the neighborhood. The moun- murdered ohn Chadwick at one of the tolde?hSBiT^ belleved all that the men nces in the Fulton House. He was told them_and now none of them will 62 'x: K‘ evicted gWr~iexecuted, 'T5SItrg the •an to suffer the death penalty ayette County. Soon after McFall’s eviction, Wise, fearing arrest f r the The history of Uniontown is one of In¬ murder of the boy, ended his miserable '5fe with his old musket. McFall and terest from beginning to end In times of Wise were boon companions in all the depression as well as these of prosperity, walks of life. They, with all their neigh¬ Jt bss been slowly but sorely bulldlDg for bors, entertained the belief that lar~e treasures were hidden in the mountains. one hundred years. A complete history Often, with pick and spade, they were would require volumes, for which we have seen wending: their way up the mountain¬ not spao*-; however, we have gleaned some side in quest of the hidden treasure. The st ries told of these two desperate char¬ facts from various sources and present to acters have been handed down from gen¬ our readers et this appropriate time, be eration to generation, and eclipse the iievtug that those who attend the centen¬ Deadwood Dick or Wild Pill stories of the present day. There are many now nial, as well as those deprived of such living who believe that the hidden wealth privilege, will take pleasure In the perusal will yet be discovered. Not long ago of the following: a party of young men from Lament started in search of it. They -were over¬ The first known of Union town was In the taken by darkness and were driven by year 1767, when Thomas Doothet and a storm to take refuge in the old Fulton Henry Beeson came from Virginia and house. About midnight, they claim, the sp oks took possession of the house and selected h nds where the present town now drove them out. They were so badly stands. frightened that they would not remain Dnut.het settled on his land Immediately in the vicinity. When they reached home they refused to tell the cause of their after seleollng It, as his name appears in sudden return, but finally one of them the report of Rev. John Sleele, among those told his wife, and the story got out. of other settlers whom he and other Penn¬ Since that time none of tue res'^ents of that section will go out after night with¬ sylvania commissioners found living on out his gun. Redstone Creek In March 1768. This shows he had located here the previous fall, as It Is not likely he would have moved to his new home in the winter. He did not be¬ come a permanent citizen, but sold bis From, land to Henry Beeson prior to 1774. The cabin In whlob be lived was south of the court house, whlob he occupied In 1770. No later account of his residence or removal has ever been found. Henry Beeson, se 1 eired his land It Is tbougbt the time Douthet d Id but did not Improve tt until l DateRRRR.../ ; 1768. In a deed dated Feb. 13. 1788. from Henry to Jacob Beeson, he mentions lie- provements. The Improvements men 1796—OUR CENTENNIAL—1896. ■he One Hundredth Anniversary of the Incorpo¬ ration of Uniontown WILL BE CELEBRATED THE REST OF THIS WEEK ! Jt will be the Greatest Event of the Kind that has ever taken place in this County. THE iOWN DECORATED IN GORGEOUS GARB FOR THE OCCASION. f Some Interesting Facts About the First Settlers and tbe Earl / k History of Fayette County's Capital 63 — ■■... -—r-—.....- on the^th of March John KfiTd purchased med were the log house he first oooupltd ‘ J I lot N° 36. This lot formB a part of the .ear Campboll’s Ban. Beeson named the ] preset t oonrt house grounds, I tract “Stone Coal Ruix,” which was sur¬ In .1780 John Collins bought about eight veyed by Alexaoder'McCiean on the 27ver, was used as early as 1780, as Is proved James Moran, now occupies the same n descriptions of land In deeds of that ground, year. Oa the Slstof August, 1783 Peter Hook, a The earliest deedB found on record In the halter, purchased lot No. 22 paylug there¬ own of Union were made Marob 7. 1780, to fore £12, Pennsylvania money. He followed obn Collins and Empson Brownfield his occupation at this pot^t for a numb>r olltD8 purchase was lotB No’s. 23 and 40 of years. He owned the-property in the be oons’deration was forty shillings each. year 1813, for In the co’amns of the Genius ot No. 23 was on the south side of Elbow of Liberty of Jan. 28th of that year Is his street where Hon. J. K. Ewing’s residence advertisement, to let the house, and also i now stands. Empson Brownfield’s pur sell his hatters tools. chase made on the same day with Collins, ^Alexander McClain the surveyor was the was lot No. 39. adjoining Collins lot on tba *mosf, widely known resident of Fayette ,e ist. Brownfield engaged in tavern keep¬ .county at that time. He moved Into a ing and mcroat tile business on the lot oon Bouse be built where the oourt bouse now Uniting In both until 1790. A log sobool mandsjln the year 1763 He occupied the house was after ward built on the lot, and same house until his death In 1831. Doc. was used for school purposes for many 31, 798, MoClean purchased lots Nos. 17,18 years. and 19th on the east side of his residence, Deeds bearing the date of those to Brown¬ on lot No. 19 be built a house wbioh he field and Collins (Mar 7, 1780.) were made gave to his daughter Elizabeth at the time by Henry Beeson to Jonn Kidd and of her marriage to Thomas Hadden. A Alexander McClean and to John Downer, bouse was built by Hadden east of where be of lands contiguous to the village. Kidd ll«ed, where his daughters still reside. and MoClean’s purchase was a small tract November 16. J809, MoClean sold parts of adjoining the Town of Uoion. The con. lots 18 and 19 to John Wltherow, who built slderatlon was forty shillings, sutj-ct to an thereon a dwelling and wagon maker shop. annual rent of one shilling per aore forever, He was elected sheriff of the conn ty In 1817, with certain water privileges fur oarrylng Iu 1813 be sold his lots to Aon Stevens. She on a distillery and malting business. The on Dsc 26,1820, sold the same to John MJ distillery oq this lan 1 ft rod east of the old Austin, who butlt tbe brick bouse, the Tea-, d raceway, now Penn street. Idenoe or tbe late Hon. Daniel KaIde. On! it John Downer’s puichase, was a tract of the same 6lde of tbe street east of Wllhe 3, e- land adjoining the Town of UuIod, being a row’s wagon-shop was Lewis Williams’ portion of lot No 56, and all the llDe of lots wagon kbop, later tbe property of Mrs. E. d f e.» a8 and 49, extending north, containing one y Q, Boday. and one quarter aores. The price paid was F.astwarii from Piper’s “Jolly irlsbroai ” £5 On this land Downer had built a tan¬ tavern, and on the south side of Elbow nery, A few years later be sold to James street, nearly opposite the Kalne property, Neal, one lot and a half for £100. Gen. Ephraim Douglas owned lbe land to John Downer wa/i a surveyor who came Reisto'ie ore-k. Tbe bouse In which he to Uoion town from Whartor, where bis lived was deefored by fire a lew years ■. father bad settled. After bin sale to Neal Tbe principal store In tbe town at Ho t I he moved to Kentucky. In the year 1780 time was that of Jacob Besson, wo - FBWrayWSnTST which provided and declar¬ oi,Abashed b'msefr In"tb9 'mercantile ed “That Unlontown, In tbe oounty of business In 1783. Henry Beeson bulH his Fayette, shall be, and tbe same Is hereby first house In 1763, It being toe fi st erected Into a borough wbioh shall be e ected we>t of Morgantown street prior io called tbe borough of Unlontown ” By 1784. March the LS.b of ib t, year Ja3’>'> tbe second section of tbe same act It was Beeson purchased Iron Henry Beeson lor provided — ‘Tnat tbe freeman of tbe paid the consideration of £80, all bis title to a borougb, who snail have resided within tract ibat bad b ea surveyed to blm on tbe same for the spaoe of one wbo'e year, Sept. 27, 1769 Tne part which was purcbns- ] and sball In other respects be entitled to ed by JaooO Beeson was named ‘•Mount vots for members of the General Assembly VernoD.” On a partpftbls iraol he l-.d of this es-mmon wealth, shall on tbe first out two additions to Uuloatowu, ai will oe j Monday of May, one thousand seven found by reference to a deed In lie hundred and ninety seven, and upon tbe register’s office, wbioh reads: ‘Whereas same day yearly thereafter, meet together tbe commo.iweaHu of Pennsylvania ny at some oonveDlent place within tbe Bald patent, dated Marob 28, 1785, did grant borough, to be appointed, as hereinafter unto Jacob Beeson a tract of land called i. directed, and sball then aDd there choose Mount V rnon, and whereas J cob Bees >o by ballot two repntable inhabitants of tbe did lay out a tract of laud aojolulng tbe said borougb to be burgesses; one to be town of On'on, and oriled the sa.< e high constable; one to be town clerk; and Jacob’s Addition, and did afterward) l -y two to advise, aid, and assist the said out. another tract called Jacob’s Second bu gesses In exHoullog tbe duties and Addition. By this the fact Is established authorities enjoined on and vested In that two additions were laid out by Jacob them by this act, all of wbloi persona Beeson on tbe Mount Vernon tract wtsi of sball be duly qualified to elect as afore Morgantown street. said; that tbe burgess who shall have tbe Henry Beeson laid out an addition to the greatest Dumber of votes shall be called town about the same time eailed Henrv’s chief burgess; and until tbe said first Addition. Reference to Ibis addition c-m Monday ol May In tbe year one tboesand be lound in a deed dated Feb 27, 1802, from seven buudred and ninety-seven. Eph¬ Henry Beeson to Jacob Johnston. Toe raim Douglas and Alexander MoClean be lots In Henry’s Addition, also tnose in tbe burgesses of tbe said borougb, of whom Jacob’s Flist and 3eoond Additions, w-.e Ephraim Douglas shall be called chief sold subject to tbe same conditions as those burgess; that Jaoob Knap sball be oalled lu tbe original plan of tbe town. A mo. g > high oonst&bic; Samuel King, town clerk, the early settlers was Samuel Salter, la Hie and Joseph Huston and Thomas Collins, year 1786, who kept a publio bouse. His assistants :o tue said burgesses.” On ac¬ sobs Samuel and William afierwarls count of the distraction by fire lr. the engaged Id tbe foundry business. Wil¬ year 1851, oI the council rooms and records liam was elected bberltt of Fayette county. of tbe borough, from 1796 to 1842, much of He died at Hanging Rock, Ohio, to winch tbe early history of tbe town was lost. plaoe he moved from Unlontown. Samuel The borough was re Incorporated In the died Id Goumlls villa year 1805, by an act passed on March 2nd, Samuel M. Ring moved from Ad ms of that year, whereby changes were made county as early as 1789, engaging In ihe of importance to tbe borougb, among mercantile business *n E.bow bireet He which was that of tbe eleetlon of Its continued In busU ess until bis den h In officers; it provided that one repntable 18WJ His daughter Anna was married to citizen residing In tbe borough shall be Dr. Robert McUall. styled bnrgess of the borough; nine reput¬ Benjamin Ompbell, a silversmith able citizens to be a town counol ; and moved Irom Higtrs'.own„ Md., in 179.) to shall elect, as aforesaid, one reputable 4 Unlontowr, where be engaged in ibe oltizen as high constable. Further the [business of bis obosen occupation act’granted a general extension of the Campbell lived lu tbe bouse ol Alexander powers and privileges of tbe borough, and MoClean until the year I860 In this bouse repeated the original act of incorporation. Dr. Hugh Campbell was born In the The powers and limits of tbe borough hays i month of May, 1795. He afterward lived since Deen extended at different times by In a house where the First National Bank act of assembly, building Dow stftDds. He died Sept. 24, Items of general Interest, relative to the ^ 1813. His son Johu learned the s..ddler business and history of Unlontown. has trade with John Woods, later, was p -st already been printed In the Genius of matter oi UutontowD and a Justloe of the LippaTy from the year 1806 to 1819. By 1 j peace for years, Hugh studied medicine reference to Its columns In Jan. 1813, an wltb Dr. Daniel Murcband, was a prom¬ acoonnt Is there printed of a dinner given inent physician In Unlontown and died by Peter Hook, at blB home on the Feb. 21, 1876. His eons,Benjamin Campbell Morgantown road, to Capt. Thomas Col¬ and Hon. Edward Campbell are eow lins’ oompany on the e ve of their departure llvlDg In Unlontown. for the war In 1812 A drummer In that Ellis and Reuben Bailey , brothers, were company was Feme Sounders. In the merchants In Unlontown as early as the year 1815. the Genius of Liberty offioe year 1801. They continued In tne was In a frame bnlldlug on Main street, mercantile business for many years. east of the Collins tavern. Benjamin Unlontown was moorporatedas a borough April 4,1796 by an act of tne legislature ol '.SKpfeL* ■ 7- ■ jgrS; 65 Miller at that t,me Kepl ^ Ume T 0ft0WD- Rob«rt8*»*« at that f Zv:rzr witb jobn m- a«"°. Place Hunt'B01!1*911 a°d k6pt 8tore at tbe r ^irrrrrstreet., uuder thep twoassei a,°°e »• zldoo W™ J:W,T 8l°re D0W 6ta“d«- II same v««r m n Wft8 ereoted »»»• I ^fThi *° 106 °°U''1 b°USe: bere !he Genera 1 w“Lr-s nv h hSW IrV‘D- “ of prepareVforrh.s6 8,'tered tba Pillion ried on ,h “e8r lhH bote‘ *“<* oar- u r80ep,1"n- wbere he was was afterw" “6r°*Dtlle ^uMness. Irwin was afterwards postmaster of Unlontown- E. Douglass ?°U- Alb6n G8Uatm aPd At that lime the Springer’s owned a brlok’ r. ZLTZZ aZZ: WThtTered by i ebventan,For1UUmlnaled the old Jonatn«„ D,w0er house stood. j p-,Z7; T.rir.tr.rr I structed, but entire,y different from those ben. U, Wbiob UOKeS coB9 TmTPe Oliver8,,i SB-oa'reet b} lhe Frick j later ihe rtsiUencecd Kohert Modisett. I others, that are joining ,n all that pertains j The borough at that time had two watch- r * r:re88 °' °Ur ceatennl«' celebration houses, one near the Collins tavern stand, At that time the gas jet and eleotrlo light I d one In the vicinity of the court house. Pad no, been dreamed of. ft Qfir,„roi T 1 A notable event In Onlontown’s early Fayette could appear In person In plaoe of ourrZy; W»8 the V’8lt °f L» Faye«e. It oc- toe statue that for so many years Ibrouch curred in May, 1825 He had come to Amer¬ summer sun and winters- blasts’adorned ica the previous year. malting a trip from the dome of Un,ontown>s old court house the seaboard to the Ohio. From there he and is a conspicuous Qbj-ot 0f admlrailon traveled across Washington county to the ud we might tdd, adoration at this time Monongahela river, and from there to toe he would be astonished at ZoUoZ* Sam™. T 01 F8yetl0 °°Uaty- Colonel areatoessand advancement during them Samuel Evans, Robert Sit lies, John Daw- terlro since his step made almost hallowed son Thomas Irwin and Andrew Stewart ground Where now all is burry and bus-e were a committee on Invitation. Their fr, ™?' r“* Fayette »ook his departure' to the thedl8tlnsalshed guest was fitting m Uulontown May 59 1825 He was ec n Un°ZT°D' An 8°COUnt 0f bl8 arrival companled as far as Enz.bethtown Allet nL r “nd tb6 8nooeed)PK ceremo¬ Shcny county, by Col S-mnel Evans and nies Is from an issue of the Gsnids of “„dermma6„v bnVf 'b& reoepUon committee, -d many Unlontown ci' z,us He was ey“oUTnbed “ f6W d8y8 aner lba event. On Thursday about 11 o olock. a met at Ellz.betbtown by M-jor General “'’tbe .H0d> Albert ®»Hatln arrived, eS- Markle and Major Alexander, and two Guards y * detachu,eDt Of the Fayette companies of arunery. who acted as Ms Guards, commanded by Capt. Wood He esoori to Pittsburg bls , was m ln the vicinity of the town by At a grand military display m Unlor. I ° P • Beeeon “t the bead of the Union V ,1- town on July 1, lg26, Oo). Bamue, Evans was ' I Witt™’’ aDd by the“ oondnoted to Mr elected president and Daniel Pin t [ Walker s hotel. Toe YougblOebeny Blues pr..la.»,. Hon. w”“ ’ “ commanded by Cap.. Smith, and the Penn-’ • Of the day. This oelebratlon is recorded as sylvan la Blues, commanded by Capt Mo being a very enthusiastic affair. Union' Clelland, arrived also early In the day, fnd own at this time was marching Sowiy the citizens In great numbers began to but surely In the line of progress.on The ) ; hroug the streets. The anli.ery, “ndlr* infant was forgetting long clothes and was the command of Capt. Gorley, was posted adopting Instead knee pants. on an eminence at the west end of the town Near Unlontown on the 8th and 9 .h of with orders to glV8 notice of the approach Beptember, 1831, a genera, mus-er was he,d! of General La Fayette. P “ The event, as mentioned In the Union Voi- "The day was uncommonly fine and unteers minute-book, was a success. On Peasant. About half past 5 o’clock, p m „ 8 tb aDd 30111 of September, 1836 anc the cental's p-oxlmn, to town was a“’ October 1, a fl^ld parade was held at Union nouncedbv the discharge of thirteen vol- -own by the Union Volunteers. The offl ye. Toe volunteer companies, under the eers in command were, captain, Josbua B •••j-'tob.b. Howell; first lieutenant, William B Rnh Beeson irBaVfereSldeDn3 of the late J- erts; second lieutenant, William McDonald Beeson At 6 o'clock the General arrived 8>t til at Point QflH tKn rrA., JqW“8 “8de by tbe Preslhent of the p ’ and the procession was i United States November 24, 1816 for an in. tormed agreeably to the order previously an try regiment to serve in the Mexican arranged by the marshals of the day war. Many of the members of tbe Union General La Fayeite was drawn by four JL ?hlvnd?d rS r™ rtady ‘° BDBWeT tbe call -gsnt bays in a neat barouche, and on ealh They did not. as aoompany enter tbe s ALEXANDER ADDISON, First President Judge of this District, 1791-1803. : ening intellect, still sat upon.England s j ! throne; Francis II ruled the Germans; i Gusfcavus TV wore the Swedish crown; j Christian VII had been king of Den- | mark for thirty years; Charles IV wore | the royal diadem of Spain; John \ I i that of Portugal; Frederick William 11 ' was king of Prussia and Paul was Czar : of all the Russias, while Pius VII wore j the triple crown of the popes at Rome. ! Selim III ruled the ancient empire of GOV. THOMAS MIFFLIN, ; the Turks on the banks of the Bos¬ Who signed the Act incorporating Uniontown ai phorus. In 1796 the London Mission¬ a borough, on April 4, 1796. He was a Demo crat and the first governor under the constitu ary Society was one year old and but tion of 1790. being elected that year by 27,725 t( two years before Whitney had invent¬ 2,812 over Arthur St.Clair, Federalist. He was reelecttd in 1793 over F. A. Muhlenberg, Feder ed the cotton gin. During this year al. by 18,590 to 10 590; and again in 1798 ovei Muhlenberg by 30,020 to 10,011. *! Tennessee was admitted to the Union. In 1796 people sued and were sued In 1790 Fayette county had a popu just as today, but not for such large lation of 13,325, in 1800 her inhabitants amounts. Execution docket No. 1 in numbered 20,159. It is likely the num Frothonotary Porter’s office shows that her of people within her. borders ir ' Joab Woodrufl, William Norris, | 1796 were aoout 17^000, a little less thai ’ Stephen Markey, Joseph Thornton, one-half the present population o Neal Gillespie, William Lee, Benjamin j Nevada. In 1790 Pennsylvania’s census v showed 434,373 in Tqnrrn-t V j to 602,365 Tt i 800 HJmd increased orown and Dr. Adnm o- |people 0f t'he *S Probable that the j 1798 the M«tho"ta“pf™™"- H 1 ence metUJCI'< atli TTninatunion town P °PdJ con/er-, ■ ; to the square mile'° ,'°9al30ut eleven [ I was governor a Dem T mas MifSin I jfeated F. A Muhl ocrac’ a“d had de- thousand, eight hundred and°rd’ °De 1 six. tj dna ninety-1 VOte of 38,500 to 3eoD7bo7’oederal’byal ---^2H-§^Mor«ow. raer was speaker of the ^e°rge Lati'l house of represents h PennSjIvaDia Hare speaker 0f th and Robert Jacob Rush, Edward ShStat<3 Senate- Yeates, William R llppen> Jasper | From, CtSc^/. a fflpreme court. John w the state if =* ^neral oUhe sttH ^*' I gersoll attornev „ , ’ Jared In- ChrisM“ Bate, .CLlJUf d,e — Vice presS 0, “af‘M BM' executive council under the e constitution Aleva ‘f first state , filled the o«ee",“I“ar Dallas mon wealth and SamuelB„0fCOm' J ditor general nnri ^an Was au“ the governor. John^apP“ntment by tary of the land office VJatth^3 TSe°re' 1 ma^er of the rolls, FraneffiTn iD’ receiver general- r uJ°hnson, Me“0rifes of Past Which comptroller genera, J°hn D°aaldson, Unster Around the Old ^ escheatorgD:nrtrd Bid' Sationai Bike, ? first bu ng-ess^of^fR, .^0U®lass was thej b-n a soldier of °heT' had Prisoner of war amnlRevoIa«on, a GHOSTS OF OLD WABEIOBS 'British at Detroit Indiansand. I lby aPPoi-4tment wL the C&nada and Hover over Their Graves ia Fav j tary of Fayette counf ^ prothon°- I ton and Thomas Colli J°Seph Hus- elte Co,lilh’s Faslnesses. I hnrgessess and Jacob Tr Were assistant j II stable. Wilitn L?rt, Kn?PP hi^h SKCTcfl of m and William Q. Tur^’ JOha Kin«Iin I masters, Christian Tarr SCh°°* 1“ member of Congress afterwards ai s,re™:tvtin “s “•«w just south of Main ’ J * potter shoP j A U 11 T'as W its Prime. Campbell, grandfather of pL® Wfmiri I Campbell, was a sii Rod' Reward! mASAST ei“w« of -A pajiocs r Robert Meciure keitTT^1 Md Dr‘ I Alexander Ewing ljve8. &Vera where j (Written for Th#> rv: One of th* dispatch.) ,Pfe Ka'SSJiSr??4 rnernories o, fere S^-Sg^ a'ppi^nts ‘r^ ^ I I *om Uniontown Pl „ “ Nati°nal ! ( icense—hotels were th tave™ j J’Hat portion of' the" ireSmtberIan(I' ! ! *elve of which were fro " “°.knowo- am way of traffic 6at trans-mou !. IT"* “» applicnnts “ereT°W"' ! f»™« .»p» '“UT1”’ "-“e or aker, Anthony Swaire v-n JosePh I Borland and west ’ oT^i ,'e“t °f Cu < j chan€Tes have taken n,Unlont0wn su. I )h» Slack, John S*"r V n *"*■ 'd James Lnnnis ’ Drtvld Morris | | Jnferest fades away. 1 that histor I Dr- Youpo- kern "1" „ I 01 traffic^betweenkthecas'*”* &S 30 3rter j e market house olh^ StJre uear I fhis STeat Republic itS wand the WeR - ed before the railroad n ^ 3S construct. I I ^on horse steamed! ^ 3nd **en tb- ^f°iuntains the road Cy"°SS the AIIeghe.'» i oad was abandoned. .V GENERAL BRADDOCK’S RESTING PLACE. now stands as a monument to a scheme them. The State purchased the road im¬ that was monumental in Its conception. mediately after the act was passed. Work If the ideas of the projectors had been was commenced in 1810 and the last lick carried out, one of the greatest roadways was struck midway between Uniontown nd Brownsville in 1820. After a busy life of the world would have been the result. of 40 yrears it quietly stepped aside and is Beginning at the nation’s capital, it was 5$now used no more than a common country to have ended on the Pacific slope. Mil¬ oadway. It served its purpose. It was lions of dollars in money and years of _he connecting link between the East and I labor were sjtent in its construction. The the West. road was conceived and put into execu¬ Its history is romantic. The quaint and tion before the railroad was thought of. quiet little towns throughout the road's course know only the truth of this. They It took t< n years to build it from Wash¬ made its history doubly interesting and ington City to Wheeling. W. Va. Eight added to the joys and comforts of the years were spent getting the Government itravelers as well as to their own pecuniary I in a notion to build, and after it was built interests. But, what a change! Across that familiar Southern question, “States' those lonely mountains, where the hoot of rights” bobbed up for the first time. the owl and the scream of the wildcat are still heard at night, the old stone Couldn’t Collect Toll. taverns, the low-rambling stables, the The road passes through three States, octagonal toll gates, the log cabin of the (Maryland, Pennsylvania and West Vir¬ primitive farmers and the massive mason¬ ginia, and when it was finished and ready ry of the stone bridges are still to be seen. But they are fast crumbling away for traffic the Government at Washing- and ere the ink on the historian’s pen fton discovered that it could not collect dries they will be known only in song toll. Provisions were, therefore, made by and story. Their former prestige has . the legislatures of each State through flown and they stand to-day as monu¬ | which the road passed for the purchase ments to the most interesting and unique of that part running through each of highway our country has known. mi Cheer of the I to last, and at a time when the .prestige i These old inns or tavern- stands sprang ] of the road was thought never to depart. hp like magic for the accommodation of the thousands of wayfarers who passed I An old man seated in the doorway, as if waiting to hear the toot of the stage ( and repassed over the road. Their ac¬ commodations in those days were superlS,- driver’s horn and see the stage coach . and the genteel landlords dished out gen¬ drive up and empty its precious burden at erosity with a liberal hand. They con¬ his door; an old woman, aged, wrinkled tained large, commodious rooms, with the and as brown as an Egyptian. She has on great wood fireplaces, around which the a queer bonnet, spectacles and a home- many guests gossipped on the cold winter . spun dress. She is knitting, and, at every j nights, telling tales of the past and re¬ ■ Jerk of the thread, looks up the gray old vealing plans for the future; the spacious road, far off to where it passes over the low-celling dining rooms, with their great hills. Her partner bends with many years oak tables and native manufactured and walks with a cane. chairs, in which the pilgrims of the past They have spent a lifetime here; saw gathered to partake of the lavish abun¬ the rise and fall of the pike; toasted, fed dance of the mountain food—what a con¬ and quartered the great men who passed trast to the modern epicurist’s delight. over the road. Presidents, Congressmen The honey from the fields and the maple and men and women of art and letters syrup from the forests, with a super¬ partook of the hospitalities of their inn. structure of pure spring-house butter, Here Jackson, Harrison, Taylor, Clay, made delicious the great sponge-like Polk, Dickinson and Fremont stopped, ate buckwheat cakes served by the good dinner, drank their wines and left an housewife of the landlord, and the veni¬ everlasting imprint on the aged couple’s son steak cooked over wood fire coal was memories. Outside the scene is beautiful. the proud product only of the mountains. Wild flowers grow in profusion and per¬ No man went away hungry or grumbled fume the aii with their fragrance; the at the bill of fare—if he had the price, blue hills of Chestnut Ridge rise majes¬ i The barrooms were made attractive by tically in the distance, and nearby the the quality of the wines kept in store. birds and bees fill the air with their wild These luxurious additions to the old music; blue-eyed grandchildren play stone taverns were as rough and crude around the door, drinking in the beauty of in appearance as the natives themselves. I the golden strand, and above all there is ' No plate glass mirror graced the walls; J a gloomy reminder of the past. The old | there were no fancies or ferbuloes; no couple sit there day after day, waiting for brass spigots or mahogany counters—but the good old times of yore. a plain, dark, gloomy room, suggestive -1 IJlc Jr 1761—Abraham Alfonse Albert Gallatin, son of Jean Gallatin and Sophie Albertine Rolaz du Rolle, born in Geneva, Switzer¬ land, Januarv 29. 1765— His father, a merchant, died. His ■a.c-i- -r r T X * JT->1 ' mother died in 1770, leaving him an or¬ •7m phan at nine years, and his only sister died in 1777. .SO U 1 UUiauui. 1766— Went to live with his relative, Catherine Pictet, and remained with her tr — SKETCH OF ALBERT GALLATIN, until 1773. STATESMAN AND DIPLOMAT. 1773-’79—Attended boarding school and the academy at Geneva, where he gradu- His Youth In Geneva, Switzerland, • ated 1779, his expenses all that time not exceeding $200 a year. His Coming to America, His 1780—His friends urged him to choose a Home at Friendship Hill, and His profession, but he refused. He disliked Work in Congress and Cabinet cities and crowded centers of population, That Made Him Fayette’s Most •especially social functions, and preferred Distinguished Citizen. •3oittude and wilderness. In company with a young friend, Henry Serre, and in I To refresh the memories of older read- . e ^rs, who may have forgotten some of the defiance of nis guardian and relatives he chapters in his eminent career, and for set sail from Nantes for America on April the benefit of younger readers who may 1, with letter^ of imruduction from Ben- be unfamiliar with his achievements, the ,'jamin Franklin, who then represented she American colonies at the court of France. They landed at Cape Ann, July 14,1780. Gallatin had but little means, but he loaned the colonial troops ot Massachu setts $400, which was afterwards paid back to him in a treasury warrant, but there was no money in the treasury and he was obliged to get it cashed for $100. 1781 —Taught private pupils in French in Boston. 1782- 3—A tutor in Harvard college, where he made about $300 teaching French. 1783- -In Boston Gallatin met M. Savary Lit Lyons, France, who had come to Amer¬ ica to collect some claims he had against the state of Virginia. Savary asked Gal¬ latin to go with him to Richmond to as¬ sist in collecting this claim, and they started, remaining in Philadelphia till November. While there they entered in- &C a scheme to purchase 120,000 acres of laW in Western Virginia, Gallatin’s inter¬ est to .bs one-fourth and to be paid for in I due ad to Gallatip, and obtained valuable e fi-^aa of personal | information from him as to the country, bile at Sichrnond be receive he offered 'to make Gallatin his gen¬ .ention, and John Marshall, aflenva eral land agent to look after his lands jbjef justice Ci •...e United States, offered in Fayette county and elsewhere west, but I'jto take him into his offic9 without a fee. Mr. Gallatin declined, on the ground that iPatriek Henry there told Gallatin he was he was about to become an extensive land (destined to become a statesman, owner himself. j 1784—Returned to Philadelphia and I 1785.—Gallatin and Savary returned to jcrrossad the mountians to Pittsburg, and Richmond, where they spent the winter, spent tee summer locating and surveying and in March Gallatin again started west the lands tor which he and his associates on horse back With a letter of introduc¬ had purchased warrants. These lands tion fr m Patrick Henry, to locate and were in wbat was t,lien part of Mononga¬ survey lands in Greenbrier, Monongalia lia county, Va. As the adjoining county and other counties. He reached his head¬ of Fayette, Pa., had been free from In¬ quarters at Clare’s on Georges creek April dian depredations, Gallatin and Savary 29. Later Savary joined him here and decided to fix upon a base of operations as they went down the Ohio and surveyed neat' Jhe Pennsylvania line as possible. lands until the Indians broke up their They selected the farm of Thomas Clare, camp on the Kanawha and they were on the j^fonongahela near the mouth of obliged to return to Clare’s. In Novem¬ ' Georges c.5*4#/ and here they established ber of this year Gallatin and Savary leased a store. It while here, on Fayette from Thomas Clare a house and five acres county soil, tha t Gallatin first met Gen. of land in Springhill at the mouth of Washington. It just after the Revo¬ Georges creek, and removed their store lutionary war, and Gen*. Washington, with there. This was Gallatin’s headquarters hi3 nephew, came out to’ see his Jarge until he purchased about 400 acres a mile land tracts in Western Pennsylvania. further up the river, which became his Here is an extract from Washington's famous Friendship^ Hill home.__ diary, in the archives of the state depart" 1794. —Fleeted to congress for Washing¬ ment at Washington: ton and Allegheny counties over Judge H. “Sept. 23. 1781: Arrived at Colonel H. Braekenridge and David Bradford, Phillips’s about 5 o'clock in the afternoon, the latter his bitter political enemy. Galla¬ 16 miles from Reason Town [Uniontownj tin was a candidate at the same election and near the mouth of Cheat river. for the legislature, and was put in nomina¬ crossed no water of consequence except tion for congress by a caucus of friends at Georges creek. An apology made me Canonsburg who were opposed to Brack- from the court of Fayette (through Mr. enridge and the other candidates. He Smith) for not addressing me, as they was elected both to congress and the found my horses saddled and myself on legislature, but all the men elected to that the move. Finding by inquiries that the legislature from Allegheny, Fayette, Cheat river had been passed with canoes Washington and Westmoreland were through those parts which had been rep¬ denied their seats and the elections were resented as impassable, and that a Cap3^ ^vacated and decided void because those tain Hanway, the surveyor ot Mononga- counties were in rebellion, on account of hela, lived within two or three miles of it, the whisky insurrection. New elections south side thereof, 1 resolved to pass it to were ordered in February, 1795, and all obtain further information, and accord¬ the ejected members were returned but ingly, accompanied by Col. Phillips, set off one state senator, and in his place was in the morning of the elected Presley Carr Lane of Fayette. Or “24th, crossed it at the mouth.From this occasion Gallatin made a long and the fork to the surveyor’s office, which is able speech before the house, in defense at the house of one Pierpont, is about of his seat, which may be regarded as his t eight miles along the dividing ridge. history of the whisky insurrection and his i, e Persuing my inquiries respecting the navi¬ apology for the part he took in it, which 3 gation of the western waters, Captain part was the cause of the feeling that ef Hanway proposed,if I would stay allnight, grew up between Gallatin and Secretary to send to Konongahela [Monongalia] Alexander (Hamilton. As congress did court house at Morgantown for Col. Zach not meet until December, 1795, he served Morgan and others who would have it in also the term of 1794 in the state legisla¬ their power to give the best accounts that ture to w hich he was elected. were to be obtained, which assenting to, 1795. —Laid out the town of New Geneva they were sent for and came, and from and began making glass. Same year in f them I received the following intelli¬ May, was summoned as a witness before > gence,” &c. When Washington was intro- U. S. grandjury at Philadelphia to testify . .•W5! * i for the govern nent against leaders of the the Revolutionary war and the task o whisky insurrectionists. In writing to his providing financial means for carrying or wife. May 12, he says the two chief parties the war of 1812 against England. Wher accused from Payette are Col. Gaddis aBd Gallatin became secretary of the treasury Rev. John Corbley, both charged with in 1801, the public debt was $80,000,000, treason, that his testimony is wholly Notwithstanding the purchase of Louisi¬ in favor of Corbly, “but in the other case ana for $15,000,000, the debt had been re¬ my evidence will about balance itself.” duced in 1812 to $45,000,000. He states the result thus: “The two bills 1813—Appointed one of three plenipoj for treason against Mr. Corbly and Mr. tentiaries to sign a treaty of peace with! Gaddis have been returned ignoramus by Great Britain, and also to negotiate and! V the grand jury, but there are two bills sign a commercial treaty with Russia. found against them for misdemeanor. 1815— With Clay and Adams he negoti¬ So that the whole insurrection of Fayette ated and signed at London a commercial county amounts to one man accused of treaty with Great Britain. misdemeanor for raising a liberty pole in 1816- 23—During these eight years he Uniontown [Gaddis].” After the trials was U. S. minister to France. were over, Gallatin remained in Phila¬ 1824—Returned to the United States delphia until July, to dissolve the old with his family and again took up his res¬ business company at New Geneva and idence at Friendship Hill, in the new and i form a new one, with his brother-in-law, splendid mansion which he had had James W. Nicholson, Bourdillon, Caze- erected preparatory to his return. nove and Badollet, the company to have 1824—Was supported as a candidate for $10,000 capital and to purchase lots at the vice president on the ticket with Wm. H. mouth of Georges creek, “a mill or two,” Crawford of Georgia,, hut the question of! keep a retail store, etc. eligibility being agaiu raised, he publicly; 1795—1801.—During these six years h« withdrew. was in congress, and so rapidly did th< 3825—Mjay 26 m^de the reception speech young foreigner forge to the front that bv in honprqqg Gen. Lafayette^ visit to Un¬ sheer force of his intellect he was sooi' iontown and on May 28 entertained'Lkfay- looked to as the leader of his party an< ette at his Friendship Hill home. ' the peer of such men as John Randolph j 1826—Appointed by President John Ad- Fisher Ames, Edward Livingston, Jame ! ams minister plenipotentiary to London, Madison, Harrison Gray Otis and Joh i 1827—Returned to United States, but Marshall. No principle seemed too broa • never again to live in Fayette. For and no detail too minute for him t short lime he resided in Baltimore, where master. His speech against the Jay treat two,of Mrs. Gallatin’s; sisters, Mrs-Jpkew ) was a masterpiece of logic and constiti and Mrs. Montgomery, lived but soon re tional exposition that delighted his friend moved to New York city. and astonished his opponents; and estafc 1828-9—At the instance of President lished his reputation so firmly as a states^ Adams he prepared the celebrated argu¬ ( man that he was called to the cabinet o < ment on behalf of the United States to be President Jefferson. , laid before the king of Holland, the John Randolph said of him in 1824 tha chosen umpire between this country and Gallatin had done as much as any othe Great Britain on the northwest boundary I man to achieve the political revolution o question. The umpirage having failed, 1800, and had got as little for it. he published in li&2 an elaborate disserta¬ 1796.—His influence in Fayette is indicat tion on the subjedt which for acuteness and : ed by the fact that 406 votes were cast ii research has never been excelled in any ■ the county for the Democratic ticket t( similar controversy, and contributed 66 for Adams, Federalist. On Dec. 18 hi: greatly to the basis of settlement agreed eldest son James was born in New York upon finally by Mr. Webster and Lord 1799—In company with Melchor Bake: Ashburton. he established the Fayette gun factory ir 1842-49—These last seven years were de¬ Nicholson township on farm later ownec voted chiefly to literary, scientific and by Philip Kefover, which made and fur historical writings. He published several nished guns and swords to the govern books and was also president of the New ment. York Historical society. Was also presi- ■ 1801-1814—Secretary of the treasury, un¬ dent for a numbtlr of years of one of the der both of Jefferson’s terms, the first oi chief banks of Noow York city. Madison’s and part of Madison’s second ! 1849—August 12j died at the residence of —the longest cabinet tenure every enjoyec his son-in-law on Long Island, in his 89th by one man since the foundation of tht year, his wife having died the preceding government. This period included much May. They wer i survived by three chil¬ of the settling up of the debts incurred by dren : James and Albert,and Frances,wife history of the country as congressman, secretary of the treasury, ; diplomat and man of affairs. In this fea¬ ture, the celebration was like the play of Hamlet with Hamlet left out. This unfor¬ tunate disappointment was explained by the managers as due to some misunder¬ standing in the assignment of speakers and topics. The exercises of the d ay were in charge of John L. Dawson castle Knights of the Golden Eagle, and the general order of the day was a basket picnic in the beauti¬ ful woods that guards the entrance to the famous Friendship Hill farm, with speak¬ ing and music. The citizens of Geneva generally had their houses tastefully deco- GEN. LAFAYETTE. of B. K. Stevens. The late James Veech, author of “Mon- ongahela of Old,’ closes a sketch of Galla¬ tin thus: “If tliere be such a thing as a self-made man, rising from untoward be ginaings, and cimbing unaided to the loftiest seats of fame and usefulness, Mr. Gallatin was one, of the highest order.” NEW GENEVA, FOUNDED BY ALBERT GALLATIN, 1797. The Town Holds a Centennial Cele¬ ALBERT GALLATIN, 1761-1849. bration in Honor of the Event- How Saturday Was Observed in rated with bunting and flags, although the Woods at Friendship Hill- | the pairiotic enthusiasm did not extend Speeches and Music Mid Swelter¬ far out of the town, as only a house here I ing Heat. and there on the roads approaching the I town showed any evidence of the rare New Geneva’s centennial was celebrat¬ event. The attendance from the sur¬ ed on Saturday, July 3, 1897. Tne old rounding country on both sides of the town bas never been incorporated, so river was very large, and Uniontown sent there is no particular day that can be out a good delegation. Barring the heat called its natal day, but it was laid out by and dust, the day was perfect,but the heat Albert Gallatin in October 1797, and t he was so intense that even the deep shady citizens of that place d? cidecl to commem¬ Dawsons woods, aided by the breezes from orate the 100th anniversary by an old 4th off the river, failed to afford any relief. 1 of July celebration. An old fashiond 4th After dinner in the woods the exercises it was, though there was very little of took place from a stand erected for the Gallatm in it. The former glory of t he purpose according to the following order, place came to it by th_, luster it enjoys as Hon. Jacob Provins acting as master of the town founded ty Fayette’3 most illus¬ ioeremonie3: trious citizen, and many went in the hope 1. Music bv the Greensboro cornet band. of hearing much of Gallatin and his part 2. Address of welcome, Rev. A. W. in the early settlement of that section, as jWhite, New Geneva. 3. Song by a male quartet consisting of well as something of the prominent place * 1 ■■■vrpwv* ]Jos. E. Eneix, William Davenport, Charles Williams and' H. P. Atcheson. ship Hill alone and pretended to be 4. Address, B. H. Reppert, Esq., Union- town. surprised to find t hat Gallatin had lived 5. Song by quartet. so long in sucb an out of the way place, 6. Address, D. M. Hertzog, Esq., Union- That was very EC 1ich like a Massachusetts town. 7. Music, by the band. Adams. 8. Aodress, A. J. Gans, Point Marion. STORY O NEW GENEVA. 9. Sons: by quartet. 10. Address, Hon. Nelson McCormick, Kansas. Founded In 17B7, and for a Time of 11. Song by quartet. Much Comrfiercial Importance. 12. Address, A. F. Downs, Esq , Union- Commercially, New Geneva is of little town. importance. Hiptoricaliy, she is exceeded 13. Address, J. A. Rankin, Smithfleld. by no other town in Western Pennsyl¬ In the evening there was a display of vania. fire works in the town, to which the History says the first white men who Painters of Pittsburg contributed largely, visited the present site of this venerable their fast yacht,Winona, having brought a town were William Childers, Joseph Lind¬ fine supply. This yacht brought up the sey and John and Samuel Pringle. They family of C. E. Speer, Es^., from Pittsburg, had been soldiers at the garrison of Fort to Friendship Hill, which they make Pitt, now Pittsburg, in 1761, and deserted their summer home. The K. G. E. also from the post and traveled up the Mon- held a festival in the evening, which was ODgahela to Georges creek, but before the a financial success and reimbursed them stream had been known by that name. in their outlay. They worked hard to They remained there but a short time, make it a go, and as usual in such cases however, and, being deserters from the the chief burden and labor rested on a army, they moved eastward into the very few persons. An object of interest to many visitors mountainous districts to avoid any danger was the Friendship Hill property, and a of being captured by officers who had. steady stream of callers looked over the been sent after them. place and viewed the house and surround' These men could not be regarded even inga where famous men had lived. Mr, | as temporary settlers; but the first per¬ and Mrs. Speer and family pointed out manent settler in that vicinity was Col. the objects of interest and explained the George Wilson, who came there about history of the place. rlhey showed the 1765 and gave to Georges creek his own bed in which Lafayette slept when on his name and thus to the township when it visit to Gallatin in 1825; pointed out the was formed. Col. Wilson was a promi- j Gallatin dining room and various appoint¬ nent figure among the early pioneers, who ments of the older portion of the house, looked upon him as a man of more than which he built in 1786, and the later and ordinary intelligence and ability. He had larger wing which he added in 1822. The been an officer in the French and Indian latter part has the same inside war of 1755-62. He was justice of the abutters that were put on 75 years ago peace in Springhill township when it was and all the parts are well preserved. a part of Bedford county, and his com¬ Mrs. Speer’s father, the late Hon. John mission was renewed for Westmoreland! L. Dawson, brought the Friendship Hill county when it was erected. He was a farm up to the high state of coultivation strong adherent to the Pennsylvania side j and improvement for which it is noted. of the boundary question, and was ar-] Mr. Dawson oought the farm in 1858. ! rested on the order of Lord Dunmore of Gallatin had sold it in 1832 to his kins¬ i Virginia for taking sides With the Penn¬ man, Albin Meilier, who became financial sylvanians. He was lieutenant-colonel of ly involved and the place went to sheri it’s the Eighth Pennsylvania regiment in the sale. Gallatin had bought it from Revolut ionary war. He died in service at Nicholas Blake, an Englishman. The Quibbletown, N. J., in April 1777. place is now owned by the Dawson heirs. The first warrant issued for the land Henry Adams, in his life of Gallatin, where New Geneva now stands was to does scant justice to Friendship HillHill,. 'j Col. Wilson’s sons, George and Jamep 'He “was notified; by the Dawson heirs September 15, 1785. The title afterwards through ex-Lt. Gov. Chauncy Black, passed to Albert Gallatiq. The first actual whose wife is a sifter of Mis. Speer, both and permanent settle within the town being daughters of Mr. Dawson, that if limits was Tbomas Williams, who came in his search for data he would visit ■ there from Delaware, just after the close I Friendship Hill and would let them know ! of the Revolution. He was a tailor by ofaP hisl. f n coming,« « -— a. P heyU ^La would be fthere Lama tof A j trade and set up in that business. He be- open up the hou: e and entertain him. He i came a prominent man and was one of -led to notify them, but went to Friend¬ I the most honored and respected men in "S3 landlfthey be tire it was only by chance Nicholson township^ From the timet Ithat this industry was located there. The Williams settled there a few other settlers first and most ntiable is to the effect that gathered around him from time to time, I while Gallatin ’ vas down the Ohio river and in a short while a number of strag¬ Ln a surveying expedition near where gling dwellings had clustered on the river Wheeling now i»nds, he ran“Frederick- bank and on the bluffs above it. That German glass Vlowers from FredencK part of the Settlement on the bluffs was then known as “George Town,” and that After Gallatin learned of their on the river margin “Wilson Port,” the persuaded them to return withhimtoh^ two embracing the two names of the early Georges creek home and g?.lnto ness there, Gallatin promising to furnish proprietor of the neighboring lands, all the material while the men were to do George Wilson. When Gallatin purchased the title to the blowing. They ran the plant on the this land he laid out on it the town of cooperative plan. These men were New Geneva, after his native town, Gene¬ Christian Kramer, Adolph Everhart, va, Switzerland. The charter was ac¬ "Louis Reitz, John G. Beppert, Baltzer knowledged by Mr. Gallatin before Justice Kramer, and John C. Gabler. This story Isaac Griffin, October 31, 1797, the town was handed down by his children and is plat being dated the 28th of the same no doubt a true version. month. It is evident Gallatin did not The style of the company was “Gallatin give the laying out of the town serious & Co., and in a few years was changed to consideration nor was he imbued with “The New Geneva Glass Works.” The the modern idea of “town booming,” for building erected was 40x40 feet dimen¬ had he been desirous of seeing a populous sions, three sides frame and one stone. It and thriving city spring up he no doubt was an eight pot factory and used wood would have selected a more propitious lo¬ for melting and wood ashes for soda to cation. He laid the town out on the hill¬ make the “mix” for elass. This plant sides and, as the saying goes, there was was run until 1807 when a new works was no room to spread. The streets are steep built on the Greene county side and the and difficult to climb in most parts and old works abandoned. The first glass are narrow. made sold at $14 per box—8x10—a pretty The building oi the old glass works high price, but cheap in those days. The there, together with the establishment of idea was to sell the glass as low as possi¬ a gun factory and the residence of Mr. ble to prevent competition, which ult’ - Gallatin and some other persons of note mately failed. in the vicinity, gave the place in its in¬ Another glass factory was built by An¬ ception considerable growth and much drew Kramer ’and Phillip Reitz in 1837. prospective importance. There were a The last glass made here was by John number of manufacturing establishments C. Gabler and Charles Cramer in 185/, there in the town’s early history. Among when the works was sold by the sheriff them were a glass works, iron furnance, and was purchased by Alexander Crow. boat yard, woolen mills, carding mills, The factory was later purchased by Isaac gun factory, distillery, cooper shops, p Eberhart, who tore them away and re¬ blacksmith shops and several other estab¬ stored the ground to a cultivatable condi- f lishments of lesser note. The place soon tion. became a noted shipping point, not only A foundry was also established there in i of merchandise but of emigrants to Ken¬ 1840 by William James who sold out short¬ tucky and Oh!b. Goods were hauled to ly to Shealor & Merryman, wno made the the place from different parts of Spring famous and well known cook-stove knowt| hill and Nicholson townships and shipped as the “drum stove.” This stove was con¬ to the southern markets. Hon. Andrew sidered perfect and had a wonderful sale Stewart in his early life shipped from this for a few years, but the establishment wai point. Keel boats were made at the closed down shortly after the rebellio’ mouth of Georges creek, just above the and has not run since. town, and sent down the river. This Of the other establishments little can b business was done on a large scale for a said, as they were similar to all other, number of years. Steamboats were also throughout the western country at that built there. Among them were the old early day, and while they lasted they all “Albert Gallatin” and “Napoleon Bona- did a large business in their line. part.” The most important event in the his It is laid the first glass made in the tory of the town was the visit of the Ma¬ t United States was manufactured there! v quis de Lafayette, who was paying his r Gallatin in 1795. The story as to spects to the American people in 1825 t establishment of this enterprise at that journeying among them. He and Galla point uomes from two different sources in were old friends, and as Gallatin had returned but a couple of years before command of the Trumbull had a terrible from Paris, where he had been as minis¬ battle with a much larger ship called the ter to France, and was then living at Watt. The fight took place near New Friendship Hill, he invited Lafayette to ! York harbor at night. The Trumbull’s come to see him while on his journey over ' crew.'were compelled to leave their sinking the National pike to the western country. vessel in their boats. The Watt put into To i-each that place he would of necessity New York harbor for repairs. Someone pass through New Geneva. The good inquired of the captain whom he hadl people made great preparations to greet! been fighting with ? He replied he did I their distinguished visitor. The streets of not know, but “believed it was either1 the town were swept clean of all surplus Paul Jones or the Devil.” dust, the dwellings and business houses | James W. Nicholson, son of Commodore ! were gaily decorated and a company was James, came to New Geneva with his formed to escort the Marquis from the brother-n law, Albert Gallatin, where I town to Gallatin’s home. When the Mar¬ Gallatin, Cazenove and Nicholson started quis arrived the very hills shook from the a general store. Cazenove was a neighborj uproarious acclaim of welcoming shouts of Gallatin in Switzerland. He afterwardj emigrated to Annapolis, Md., where he! that went up from the patriotic people, glad to see a triend of the nation among raised a large family. Gallatin was said them. to be very industrious and painstaking, i The Marquis was escorted to the very much given to details and insisted onj grounds at the Hill and there made a his subordinates itemizing their accounts, speech, and when he was through he never allowing the word “sundries” to be called for the survivors of the Revolution, used in making out reports. He spent ( as he desired once more to see those who many years with his family in Paris as minister to France. He has one grandson l had assisted in the war of independence. Frederick Everhait was there, and Galla¬ who is a professor in an institution of tin at once recognised him as the man learning in New Yora city who bears his! who had assisted in carrying him o£F the name. Gallatin, the elder, was the father field when wounded at the disastrous bat¬ of two sons, and one daughter, who mar- j tle of Brandywine. The meeting, it isj ried a gentleman named Stevens, who has said, was most affecting; they wept and numerous descendants. The name of Gal- j I cried like children. A sumptuous dinner latin is almost extinct. was served on the large wooded lawn in New Geneva never realized theanticipa- j front of the mansion, after which Lafay¬ j tions of its founder as a commercial city, j ette was driven away to Uniontown to However, the village always contained! journey on to the east. men noted for pluck and as a rule there■ was some one around with a chip on his j Frank S. Farquhar, hat, and woe to the man that disturbed OL'd NEW GENEVA SETTLERS. that chip. She could boast of one Rev-! olutionary soldier, Hillory of Maryland, j Something More About the Galla- who run away and joined Washington’s tins, Nicholsons and Ottvers. | army at the age of 16. For the war of I By request of the News Standard Mr. i 1812 she furnished a number of soldiers. Charles Nicholson of New Geneva Among them, William Daugherty, furnishes the following additional data ; Jeremiah Aston, a bugler, Andrew Park, concerning Gallatin, the Nicholsons and Joe Wood, Capt. Hertzog, John Ganoe j I other early representatives of pioneer set¬ and numerous others went from the tlers in that section: vicinity. Coming down to the war of the The original Nicholson came from Rebellion there were hosts of stalwart Berwick or Tweed, England. He brought arms to defend the stars and stripes. I three sons over and settled near “Nichol¬ cannot recall the names of all those whose son’s Gap,” Maryland. He sent his sons love of country severed all domestic ties, Samuel, James and John to England to be but among them were : Robert C. Ross, educated. They returned to America a J. P. Eberhart, John Knife, John Mal¬ short time previous to the breaking out of lory, Will Yeager, Joe, son of Jesse the Revolutionary war. The boys chose Province, William Harrison, C. F. Daven¬ the sea as a calling. The old gentleman port, Martin Stoneking, James and! was loyal to King George, so he and his Thomas, sons of William Nicholson,1 sons differed. The father went back to James Wood, Harvey Blair, W. M. Eber-1 England, the sons went into the navy and hart, Adolph Eberhart, John and Will, fought their way up to Commodore. John sons of Frederick Eberhart, Charles and! settled in Boston, Samuel in Baltimore James W. Nicholson, A. G. Sandusky.l and James in New York. James while in i l J. E. Dilliner, and Johnson Mallory and -id I ■ i V '4m ies Mallory. The Nicholson family ^ y below JUaurei Hill he found' scuk ire also represented in the Texan war few white inhabitants who had ventured 'or independence by William F. Nichol¬ before him. Amo.ng those settled near son and his cousin, William Haywood of the Youghiogheny river were the follow¬ West Virginia,and by Albert G. Nicholson ing : George Pauli, Joseph Work, John and William F. Nicholson in the war McClelland, Daniel Cannon, Wiliiam Car- -with Mexico. son, Sr., William Rankin, H. Beeson, Rob¬ ert McLaughlin, Elisha Pierce and Archi¬ bald Armstrong. These had taken up TO their residence on the west side of the Yough river, and some other odd ones, among whom was Matthew Wiley; and on SKETCH OF THE SHERRARO j the east side of the Yough river lived family in America. James Torrence, Barney Cunningham, Joseph Huston and Col. Prov. Mounts; Interesting Extracts from the also Elias Pegg, father of Benjamin Pegg, Chronicles of Robert A. Sherrard, a hero of the Revolutionary war.” In the neighborhood of Dunbar John Whose Father John Sherrard Sherrard purchased 3,000 acres of land, came to this Country from Ireland but the narrator says he was euchred out in 1772, Settled in Fayette of a portion of this by Thomas Gist, who County. came out with a king’s patent in 1774 and A few days ago I was handed for perusal ran his lines through a portion of it. Of a neatly bound volume, entitled, “Thej this he says : “This wrong Gist commit¬ Sherrard Family of Steubenville (Ohio),' ted wittingly; for he ran the lines on my by Robert Andrew Sherrard, Together father’s purchase so as to cross and recross with Letters, Records and Genealogies of Dunbar’s run, so as to take in a good mill Related Families, Edited by Thomas seat, which is an object of importance in Johnson Sherrard.” The book is the any part of the country.” property of the Fayette County Historical In the spring of 1774 John Sherrard, in society, and is a gift from Rev. Thomas J. company with about twenty more, set out Sherrard of Chambersburg, Pa. for Kentucky to take up land, but they In looking it over I found it to be as full stayed there only a year owing to the of interest as any book of biography or troublesomely inclined Indians. John Sher¬ adventure I ever read, and it is a pity rard took up 1,400 acres of land in Ken¬ more of the early settlers in this part of tucky, and on returning to his Fayette the country did not record their adven¬ county home immediately set our, for Wil¬ tures and recollections of the pioneer liamsburg, Virginia, for the purpose of days. The Sherrards were among the taking out a right for his new land, from earliest settlers in Fayette county, and which place he returned to Lancaster in the story of their lives has been one of the spring of 1775, and while there joined animation and upright integrity through- j the famous military company “The Flying out several generations; and from this Camp of Pennsylvania,” and they family sprang the present Sherrard fami¬ marched all the way on foot to Boston lies of this county. The book is compiled when that city was then playing the part s from the chronicles of Robert A. Sherrard, of a hotbed for the great American revo¬ ill fourth son of the founder of thp family in lution, and around which the British were 1 America, who spent a life time on the gathering in demonstrative numbers to e work purely for his own satisfaction. wipe it trom the face of the earth because The founder of the family under discus¬ its inhabitants disseminated the doctrine 4 sion was John Sherrard, who was born of self government. John Sherrard took d it near Newton Limavady, Ireland, in 1750, part in the first battle of the Revolution— 'S„ being a son of William Sherrard. He Lexington—and at Concord and at Bunker emigrated to America in 1772, landing at Hill. Here his valor as a soldier was test¬ J Philadelphia, and in tLe spring of 1773 he ed, and many narrow escapes and peril¬ re set out for the land west of the Allegheny ous situations are recorded to his favor. 1 mountains, arriving in good time at the Aside from the three famous battles Gist settlement, and took up his abode named he took part in some important with George Pauli. Of his arrival this skirmishes and other adventurous under¬ side of the mountains the narrator says : takings. “When he arrived at the foot of Laurel Coming back to Fayette county in the Hill he found the country west of the spring of 1778 he again took up his resi¬ mountains a wilderness,^indeed, and a dence with the family of George Pauli, solitary place. However, on entering the who had recently died and whose funeral ~ - . j taking place on the day of his arrival, _ April 1, 1778. He stayed with the de¬ place. Having mounted he rode perhaps ceased Pauli’s family until 1782, when he half a mile, meditating upon the wonder joined with his neighbors the Crawford ful providence whereby Harbaugh was expedition against the Indians in the taken and hei was left, when he suddenly Northwest. Everyone is familiar with the bethought ijim of his provisions and outcome of this expedition, the fight with blanket, which was in a blanket and tied the Indians, the disorderly retreat of the fast to his pack-saddle. He quickly rode soldiers and the burning at the stake of back to the spot where Harbaugh was Col. Crawford by the Indians. This was shot, and found in the short time he had the most fatal expedition ever made by been gone the Indian had returned and the early settlers of Western Pennsylva¬ scalped Harbaugh, leaving thepack’sad- nia against the Indians. While the re¬ dle intact.” He safely made his escape treat from Sandusky Plains was in pro¬ and was soon again with the family of gress and things looked favorable for a George Pauli. He relates many other ex¬ safe delivery Col. Crawford missed his son, citing incidents of this expedition. John, from the ranks of the men, and re¬ Speaking of the character of the early turned with a party of men to search him settlers in the neighborhood of Laurel put, leaving the main army to go on Hill the narrator says before the establish¬ ahead. A fruitless search was made for ment of the church there the settlement the youDg man, who proved to be with was ten years old, chiefly Presbyterians— the main army, and on returning a short “not a Methodist was to be found in all colloquy took place between John Sher- that new country, except the renegrade, rard and Col. Crawford as to the best ‘wild turkey’ breed,who had the ‘method’ route to follow. Crawford wanted to of drinking whisky in its purity in copious take a route different from the army, but draughts.” ' Sherrard persisted in following them, so John Sherrard married Mary Cat'cart he left Crawford and his small body guard May 5, 1794. She was a daughter of to their own inclinations. Crawford and Alexander Cathcrrt, who emigrated from his fnen were captured the next day. Ireland in 1773, and came west of the Sherrard’s partner ip this expedition mountains the hext year, taking up their was Daniel Harbaugh, a sadaier or anfSh- residence in a log cabin “between the town. Of this escape Sherrard says: Youghtogheny river and Redstone creek, “After leaving Crawford my father and between where Connellsviile and Union- Harbaugh traded on steadily all through ; town now stand, in a settlement then and that dreary night without molestation, long afterwards known as the Redstone but about 10 o^clock the next morning, Settlement.” The Cathcarts were prom¬ June 7th,my father being foremost on the inent people in Scotland during King trail spied an Indian step behind a tree, William’s time, and it is related that they and that moment he dismounted and were so numerous that they composed a stepped behind a tree and was safe, and whole company of soldiers who flocked to at the same time called out to Harbaugh the standard of King William and fought to tree. Poor Harbaugh, ill-fated man, jin the memorable battle of the Boyne. did dismount, but as life had not seen the Afterwards they emigrated to Ireland. IndiaD, he stood on the side of the tree After their marriage they resided in f next to the Indian, gazing around to see Fayette county fora while, but owing to I if he could sea the Indian. But his chance the misfortunes—financially—that befell j for gazing around was short,for Harbaugh John Sherrard -he moved to where Mt. had only just dismounted,when my father Pleasant, Ohio, now stands, where he peeped around the tree to see if he could resided till the day of his death. Robert get a shot at the Indian; but instead of Andrew, the fourth son, married a Mary seeing the Indian he saw the flash of the Rithcart, who resided near Connell ville, Indian’s gun and heard the report follow and moved to near Steubenville, Ohio, the flash, and likewise heard the solemn 1 from whom sprang the numerous family words : ‘God have mercy on me; I am a of Sherrards that inhabits that sectidh oi ' 4 dead man,’ and gradually sank down in a Ohio. Miss Sherrard, for many years sitting position at the foot of the tree. principal of the Washington seminary, is The Indian fcf once took flight, as die had a member of the family. discharged his gun, and my father seeing The book is full of interesting reminis¬ that Harbaugh was dead, did not lose a cences of the pioneer days, and aside from moment, but ipulled the saddle and bridle telling the story of his own life the nar¬ from Harbaiigh’s horse and let him go, rator brings in a goodly quanity from the and then pulled the packsaddie from his life of others who shared with him the own horse and put on Harbaugh’s in its hardships and pleasures of establishing civilization in the western wilds. Frank s. Farquhar. 9 ~^y H'Lxn, ( a’/t From, from, _ % 1 j . r 1 Dotr,CZ c^r / o a a. a m. a ju, a. A-*.,*-*. Ring-gold Cavalry Survivors Hold¬ ing Annual Meeting at Bellevernon. Special Dispatch,, to Chronicle Telegraph. Bellevernon, Pa., August 19.—The an¬ nual reunion of the Ringgold Cavalry is being held here today, and will be con¬ THE TANNEHILL FAMILY REUNION AT tinued over tomorrow. These are the OHIOPYLE, Rough Riders or the ’60’s who traversed the passes of the Alleghenies, chasing Mosby’s, McNeil’s and Morgan’s raiders The Nine Children and 20 of the Grand for four years. Although there are not many of the veterans left and they are Children of Eli and Eliza Graham Tan- scattered all ova# tli^ country, they al¬ nehili Have a Pleasant Gathering—The ways manage to ftaafe a - reunion once a year. t \ :• Day in Connellsville. A company of cavalry at Beallsville, Washington county, was the nucleus of Ohiopyle, Sept. 19.—A notable social , the Ringgold Cavalry. Capt. John Keys went was the reunion of the Tannehill was thte commander. The company was musterpfl into Service at Crafton, W. ya., 'amiiy which took place at Ohiopyle ov in -Juae\ 1801. J TAhen the Washington Saturday, September 17. The day for cel Cavalry, ianoMerjTindependent company (bratiDg this memorable occasion coul i from the jams plfice, was organized. In lot have been more perfect had It bee: the fall of 1862 they were joined by five other companies, all except the Wash¬ nade to order. The friends and member ington Cavalry-being known as the Ring-, of this highly respected family en¬ gold Battalion, and was commanded by i joyed the shady nooks during the lore Capt,. John Keys until his death. : J All seven companies were formed into soon and promptly at one o’clock were j a battalion, with Lieut. Col. A. J. Green- called to partake of the elegant repast ! field commanding, in the spring of 1864. prepared for the occasion at the Ferncliff ; Shortly afterward they were united with hotel,.Dr. A. J. Colborn of Ohiopyle act¬ j five ether companies and formed into the Twenty-second Pennsylvania Cavalry, ing as master of ceremonies. The original t They served in West Virginia and in the Tanrwbill family consists of nine children j Shenandoah and Loudon Valleys. The who were all present as follows: Maggie ! whole or part of the command was in j every cavalry charge made by Gen. Phil. Tannehill of Connellsville; W. H. Tanne¬ Sheridan. hill and wife of Wakefield, Kansas; W. S. The officers of the companies are as Tannehill and wife of Port Perry, P: follows: Company A, captain, J. P. Hart; Rev. N. B. Tannehill and wife of John first lieutenant, George Gass; second I lieutenant, Thomas Nutt; Company B, town, Pa.; Mrs. Rebecca Tinkey of Indian | captain, George W. Jenkins; first lieu¬ Head, Pa.; A. J. Tannehill and wife of tenant, William E. Griffith; second lieu- Scottdale, Pa ; Mrs. Carrie Miller of Nor-’ jtenant, John Dalbinett; Company C, cap¬ tain, C. J. McNulty; first lieutenant, malville, Pa.; Mrs. Mary Colbornand hus¬ James Gibson; Company D, captain, H. band of Ohiopyle; Mrs. Tillie Van Horn H. Young; first lieutenant, Hugh Keys; and husband of Scottdale, Pa.; and twenty second lieutenant, P. H. Crago; Company of their children. Other relatives present E, captain, C. Y. Chessrown; first lieu¬ tenant, Felix Boyle; Company F, captain, were : Mrs. A. J. Case of Connellsville; F. W. Denny; first "lieutenant, B. F. Mrs. Dr. Tannehill and daughter of Con¬ Hasson; second lieutenant, Frank Smith; fluence,, besides the News Standard Company G, captain, Alex. Smith. The regimental officers were: Colonel, Jacob scribe. Higgins; lieutenant colonel, A. J. Green¬ After doing justice to the meal the after¬ field; majors, George T. Work, Henry A. noon ceremonies were taken up. Rev. N. Myers and E. S. Troxel; quartermaster, B. Tannehill, pastor of the Morrellville iW. C. Bailey; adjutant, J. G. Isenbergp jsergeayit major, Robert E. Laird. M. E. church, Johnstown, Mrs. Dr. Tan ] This afternoon a meeting will be held nehill, W. H. Tannehill and wife,jW. S. in a public hall and a dinner served to Tannehill, A. J. Tannehill and Dr. A. J. the soldiers, after- which there will be speaking. Rev. J. .T. Pender, pastor of Colburn each in turn recited at length the Methodist Episcopal church, will many incidents of the family history make the address of welcome, and F. H. which dates from about the year 1820, Crago, of Wheeling, will make the re¬ sponse. when the father, Eli Tannehill, born of Jtch parents in Somerset county, first of American progress, developing aslTdidl ,aw the light. He married Miss Eliza the wilderness ot the vast west,and unitingi Jane Graham in 1842 and lived for twenty it in common brotherhood with the east.! years on a farm near where the beautiful The old National pike has had its day; a little town of Ursina, Somerset county, is day fraught with unrivaled glory and con¬ now located, moving to the settlement genial to the age in which it dawned. known as Kentuck, near Ohiopyle, where Over it and about it hovers the grandest they resided until the beginning of the history of men and events that marks the civil mm In 1862 he enlisted in Company establishment of our nation. To have K of Union town 112th f ennsylvafiia, with had Washington for one of its founders, Capt. Fuller, and was killed by a sharp and to have been the birthplace and boy¬ shooter in front of Petersburg Aug. 4, hood home of James G. Blaine are enough 1864, while his company was serving in in themselves to immortalize the fame of' General Grant’s army. From there his the old road, aside from the many noted wife and children, after the close of the events that occurred within its surround¬ war, moved to Normalville, Springfield ing territory. township, where they resided until the The tide of rustic emigrants that poured mother’s death which occurred in April, over this old highway by the thousands I 1876, at the age of 65 years. This pleasant was perfectly adapted to the means of assemblage of the family is the first time travel it afforded. They were not only they have all been together for 28 years. content therewith, but to them the speed In 1870 W. H. and N. B. Tannehill left for made by such vehicles as the mail coach 1 Kansas where they both took up lands and pony express was simply marvelous under the Homestead act and erected The good old times incident to the palmy j shanties and in compliance with the laws days of the National pike are known in remained thereon. After one year N. B reality only to the few participants who tired of the rough western life and return¬ yet exist and note its decline with regret. ed home and took up bis studies for the Still it is a source or pride and usefulness ministry,graduating at Mt. Union college, to the people within the section it tra. Alliance, Ohio, in 1881. W. H. remained verses, and it is gratifying to find the old jj in Kansas where he married and has be¬ pike at present a self-supporting institu- |l come one of the substantial farmers of his tion. community. His wife until this time had One of iis most picturesque and remark- '] never met any of her husband’s family. able points in the way ®f construction is W S. Tannehill is a carpenter at present the iron bridge at Brownsville. This engaged in Pittsburg. A. J. Tannehill small portion'of the road, however, is of served a creditable term as justice of the comparatively recent construction, hav- I peace in Springfield township before his ing been built as late ae 1835, and has the removal to Scottdale and is now engaged marked distinction of having been the in the roiling mills at Pittsburg. first iron bridge ever known to have been j Mr. J. W. Suder, artist photographer of constructed. It connects the boroughs of Scottdale, was present and made a picture Brownsville and Bridgeport and forms a of the family, also one of the entire as¬ part of the main thoroughfare of the t town. Owing to the latter condition a semblage. substantial bridge [was required, and in either instance an artistic one was desired. Three bridges had been erected former- i iTMflM® ly; the first, a wooden bridge, was washed ( away by a spring flood; the second, a SOMETHING ABOUT THE IRON BR1DGI chain bridge suspended from heavy j AT BROWNSVILLE. s chains, gave way under the weight of a ( deep snow and a team with a loaded I ,ts Three Predecessors Gave Way to the wagon attempting to cross; and the third ( bridge becoming in a dilapidated and un¬ ' Present Durable Structure, Wh.clj safe condition it was decided to build an- [ Was Built in .835 and Was the First other more substantial and durable, if iron Bridge Built In the Country. possible, than the former ones had proved, i ■ Accordingly it was decided to build a i By Lucy Caroline Horner. bridge of east iron, and the government \ When the old lumbering stage coach is was petitioned to furnish the metal reqai- Pf site to its construction. The contract for ) m Dared with the trolley car and steam casting the iron was awarded to John ’omotive, the mind fails to conceive ■ Twill be the possibilities in the way Snowden of Brownsville: but John Her- bertson, foreman in the foundry of the j apid transit a half century hence former, deserves the credit for the mak- •d human progress know no abate- ing of the pattern and the supervision of I But the old stage coach » not to the work. Mr. Herbertcon afterwards Pd It was the very foundat-.on oecame a partner ana eventually sole owner of the foundry. Sla«o his death it i is owned a.nd operated by his sons, Wil- j liam and George. But the oastings for ' the bridge were not made at the present From, site of the Herbertson foundry, near the mouth of the river bridge in,Bridgeport, but at the old Cook foundry in the upper part of town. About this time the old pike was put in the best condition possible; bridges were Date, . fjtJ- do. rebuilt, culverte repaired, and in many places the bed of the road lifted and re¬ placed by the Macadam systecj, at that V) ^ ' v ' \ -V. ^ time just coming into use. The national government then transferred its authority I to the several states through which the IC OF O road passed, and the governor of each state appointed commissioners to have charge of the road in their respective One off the First Chu states, making all necessary repaire and improvements. | The old books containing an account of she buildiDg of the iron bridge arc no ionger in existence, and no record of the By Frank S. Faranbar. ierms of the contract can be found in cv local hands. The figures, however, evi¬ UNIONTOWN, Pa., Oct. 29.—On dently ran very high. George W. Cass top of one of the countless hills Superintended its erection and when com- that go to make up the beautiful scenery around the rural postoffice Meted it received marked approval by the called Red Lion, Fayette county, government, county, sister boroughs, and Pennsylvania, is situated a Quaker all interested in the general condition of church and churchyard. jthe National pike. These inviting hills, cultured and made beautiful by sod and flowers, The bridge is. 85 feet long and twenty- rise and fall alternately. Around their three feet wide. Its iron bed curves base and in the low flat plain—which gracefully, and to the observer seems pon¬ i3 cut up by many gullies and the deep¬ er, devious courses of the meadow derous in construction. The beet is cover¬ streams that flow lazily through rush ed in a manner similar to the general pike and alder, then plunge abruptly down 1 (recently the work of paving it with brick through the archilious soil, as if in an¬ has begun) and is bordered on-eaoh side ger at leaving their sluggish bed of bog and morass—beautiful farm houses by a paved sidewalk guarded by an iron are built that denote peace and pros¬ railing three and one-half feet high. A perity. i stone wall the height of the railing con¬ No more inviting spot could have been tinues along the sides of the abutments selected by the early Quaker settlers whereon to build their house of worship which by degrees widen into the business and disseminate their religious doc¬ thoroughfare 6f which they form a part. trines than on top of this frowning hill i The bridge spans Dunlaps creek a few just back of William Brown’s rest feet from where it empties into the dence. On the apex of this hill th rainfall divides, part flowing to the Monongahela. The masonry is necessar¬ west and part to the east, to do its, ily first-class, atsd extends far back in share in greeting and cheering the in-: the banks as the corrosion of the banks habitants of the Monongahela and both streams is very great r,b this point.! Youghiogheny rivers. It is the height of land between these two streams, During the fi od.-; that occu - at interval and the story goes that the savage once in the cours if a year, t . waters not) upon a time had his wigwam here, and infrequently ■ .erfiow th ends of thq worshiped the Great Spirit near the bridge; and 11 the memor; ■6 floods of ’52 site of this old church. But the cycb and ’88 they .so to such a . c rifying height I of time and the hands of man hav ' wrought great changes in the past ct that a skiff could easily be rowed over its tury. bed. > Nothing now remains of these But for nearly three quarters of a cen¬ mer worshipers but an ideal church i tury this bridge has withstood the wash of the old cemetery with its unmarked graves, where sleep side by side the waters, the cavus oi time and constant settlers and founders of this once strong, use, and stands today solid, secure and or- organization, without a mark to desig¬ na mental. Among the many hundreds nate them. of little leet that patter daily and hourly I visited the place before the las house of worship was razea to the over this grand old ucture, who may ground. Is there a more solemn oi dare say that James t Blaine will not in Wars to come have his peer as a Nates man and diploma®, ight from his . \tive to'm ? 1 rownr III©, Pa._ __ THE OLD QUAKER wierd spot to be visited than an old Lewis Cope settled near Red TTion in the delapidated church, which has long year 1782, and from him it was carried since been out of use? Everything from generation to generation that the looked lonely, sad and dreary. Large old log structure had been built two locust trees cast their gaunt shadows years before he settled there, and that over the half-fallen-in structure; moss, in 1794 the stone building was erected briars, grapevines and poison ivy clam¬ and the log building torn away. The bered oyer the outside walls and on the stone building stood for nearly a cen¬ decaying roof; inside, the floor was tury. It was torn down in 1892 and re¬ torn up, and weeds and grass had taken constructed with the same material possession, and over all impressive that was in the old church, excepting loneliness and irresistible sensations the woodwork, very little of which is seem to hover. The place told the story used in the ideal church. without the aid of words. The honest, The present edifice was built as near¬ sagely people who had met beneath its ly as possible like the old church. The roof in the past have vanished from restoration was the result of a plan the face of the earth, and their descend¬ set on foot bv Mrs. Elma (Cope) Binns, ants have deserted the faith of their ithe wife of William H. Binns. early in I, fathers, scattering and mingling with the spring of 1892. The configuration \ the world's people. of the new building presents the same The Quakers were a strong factor in appearance as the old one, only the old /the settlement and building-up of the puncheon roof has been substituted by- f Commonwealth, and it is a strange fact iron. It was thought best to preserve that in these matter-of-fact days they the appearances of the ancient land¬ are not mentioned with the same pro¬ mark as much as possible, as a monu¬ portion of greatness as other sects of ment to the memory of the early set¬ lesser worth. tlers of this part of the county as well What thoughts they awaken in the as to the Quakers: and also a place for minds of those who are familiar with funeral corteges in inclement weather. their unique individuality and true re¬ The first. Quaker church in Western ligious principles! There is something Pennsylvania was built at Brownsville, strikingly impressive about their moral or Over the creek, where Bridgeport teachings. They disseminated the pur¬ now stands, and was called Red=tone. est principles, and laid down precepts This had four branches, viz.; West- that at once strike the keynote of the land, in.. Washington county: Center, [ human heart. They represented all which was located at Sandy Hill on j that is good and true in man, and their Jennings run. cr-the road leading from j characters were so blended with right¬ TJnlnntown to New Salemy' Sewlckley, I eousness that traces of their moral in Westmoreland county, ‘ and Provi¬ worth are still found in the third and dence, the subject of this sketch. Cen-| ■fourth generations. They sowed the ter had the largest membership of the seed of good fellowship around the four branches, but was the first, to be shrine of Quaker worship, and aimed to abandoned. Of all these churches. Se- do justice to him who sought their wickley is the on!;- one still kept up kindly' aid. and they leave as a monu¬ and in which regular services arp held. ment to their memory one of the un¬ Among the old founders of Providence written laws of the human race, “Do were the Shrieves. Copes. Dicksons,, justice unto others.” Browns. Griffiths. Farquhnrs. ColdrensJ The first place of worship was a log Prices, Carppbells, Vales, Sparks, Hew¬ structure, near the site of the present itts, Negus, Stricklers and Nutts. They stone building. The date of jts erec¬ all settled in that section within half tion is not exactly known, but it is a decade of one another, and descend¬ supposed to have been built about the ants of all of them are still living in •ear 1780. The great-grandfather of the neighborhood. / Colonel Israel Shrieve was- the first or the name to locate there. He was a quaint, blunt, outspoken Quaker, who said what he meant and meant what he said. He was honored and respected throughout the community, and was a power in the body politic. He was a soldier in the Revolutionary war and when that memorable conflict was over settled on the Washington farm at Perryopolis, which had been neglected by Washington on account of his con¬ nection with the war. Shrieve soon aft¬ Bate, . erward bought it from Washington. He left a large number of descendants, and died in 1799. On account of his ' 1 WT-^JUJLaAl IMMUI being a miller he was the most widely YJ known person in the neighborhood. The Copes were the most consistent members of the sect. To the present day most of the descendants of that «miB Mill Tit name hold to the doctrine of the Friends—if not in whole, they do in part. Of the other members, little can REHINISCENCES OF HEN AND THINGS be said, other than that they were OF LOCAL INTEREST, Quakers, which is enough to say that they were good people. The Friends met regularly twice a Something of the Early Industries On week—Sundays and Thursdays. Rain or shine the Quaker left his work and Redstone Creek-The Sharpless Paper i went to his place of worship The Hill and How It Was Built and Operat- ed-A Wedding in Which the Qroom viea by their chums, as they were sure Was 99 Years Old. of two holidays each week. By and bv In this column will appear from time to !by e, df,^atbseaths beandarndi Premovals, gr6W SmaI1 and’ !essas theirened ancient scraps of history and biog-i wkh thand1d°CtrineS did not keeP Pace thev lot advancinST tide of civilization, faniyr°m lnfcere8t- Those who areF rruY « e. Wa?r.to things more modern’ fond of these fragments from the olden in 1872 the eihhiPr,beCame 80 sma11 that time are invited to contribute to this those who ttmrC£ ,w'as abandoned, and column any matters concerning men and ntS Pe^aining to remini8cence3 con- an? Favet? ^ hi8t°ry of ^ontown oldl1 of tbt 0^£amzaU°n- All the rec- and Fayette county; and any who are in were mkln tn ^r°vidence organization possession of old newspapers and other A neat i™ Sa,.em for Preservation. A neat iron fence surrounds iTTTB °f the IODg are urged to eve^th-and* neCr°POlls' inside of" which let the News Standard have access to everything is neat and clean Nothine- hoi " Examlne y°nr drawers, pigeon the tlac°eUnof 0tfhdlrt’nWe11 sodded- marka M«. w otto Mo™*, r patt Bvert h e buned in the old H Every grave can be se°n dis- f you have not m yonr possession som- hmg that would add to the intei tier yThereamtrJhf °ther in tier after hnriori ltere must be some 500 bodies this column. tha it haTpltf thevfiraVes are so thick We start the series with some re that 1 1 aIways been a wonder why lections by our antiquarian friend, Mr year! J^Lnrheen^Tte^tt“rteilm J. Peirsol, on one of the earliest Indus ’ tblt’^IoToSbfc^nfy^^r6 ^ * °°°ay’ a‘ °w si“r‘,i“ thl faitheawen0nepbUt the a^eremsrof there N„ allowed to be buried marked wuif tt 3 W1re all°wed to be i. Occasionallv f reg?Iation headstones. Editor News Staneard: Ram{Dis. up to designatebt°btrd °r St°ne was put cences of the industries of Redston was k“t gi! llh ,grayes' A register numbered’ wRh thCh each grave was rovf rea’ .'V1 th the name of the occu- Sohack to l8331833,d tthehOWn spring a8 Irememberwe moved tbback^' notltnP°S1ite*the number. There were to Fayette from Guernesy county, Ohio. a friend &iS' an? no one knew where the register buried- without consulting Jonathan Sharpiess was raised in Che*. 6r }t was thrown open ter county,Pa. Telling his mistakes wni) me public it soon filled i,n „ new addition had to be added * a boy, he drove a yoke of oxen and plo toPhL rfiSand allej S for an addftio ' betnmser,ectedUtforUl SPOt C°Uld not hava t° Philadelphia. When the contract we fimshea the fs.oman gave him his choic of the oxen or a corner lot for his service i.i_ _ * . «iter ware 2?KS\!:he lot sold tfor.“6 .its.,he covering “»?! in silv He married ‘Edith Niccolls. brush in ink, saturate a _ were both of Quaker parentage. back of comb to filter down copper tines About 1780 they moved over the to do the ruling. mountains with a light wagon and Turning the crank, a girl would lay a pack horse and settled on Bedstone sheet on the canvas to be ruled and drop¬ creek and formed a partnership with ped b6side a girl at the further end; it Samuel Jackson to build the first paper was taken back, turned upside down to be mill west of the mountains. I have the ruled on the other side It then went to broad ax now that hewed the frame. the salesman to be counted into quires, Sharpless was a blacksmith and white folded and crimped with a bone strapped) Bmith and made all the irons for the mill. to the inside of the hand, reamed ard; He cut four screws, three for paper wrapped with heavy paper with the firm’s presses four inches in diameter, six feet name and some notable’s head as a trade long with one-eighth inch thread, with mark and tied with heavy twine ready horse power. One of these screws was for shipping. loaded on their team, driven by Gilbert This paper was in such demand that! Smith, and delivered to the mint ini business firms down the Ohio river would Philadelphia. During the centennial of advance money to secure orders. 1876 I was told it was still in the mint, | Yours Truly, doing duty and in fair condition. The Jesse Jackson Peirsol, team would load out with goods for the January 12, 1899. Smocks, Pa. J store and rags for the paper mill. These rags were assorted by girls; all white linen or cotton for printing on foolscap, II. colored rags for tea paper, paste or Mr. James Had :'en furnishes the follow bonnet boards and fancy wrapping. ing clipping from the G zette and Union The first process was a circular wooden Advertiser of July 10,1801, published in vat made of staves ten feet in diameter, Uniontown : two feet deep. A wooden cylinder four feet long, three feet in diameter hung on A correspondent informs (says the an iron shaft, the inner pinion resting on Huntingdon Gazette of July 17th,) of the vead block in center of vat; steel laid following horrid murder, committed at , ni ves set diagonally in surface of cylin¬ tiie foot of Chestnut Ridge, viz : der with concave below similar to lawn Mr. John Clark of Northumberland mowers of today. Six or eight inches of county was removing his family to Pres- pure water vtas let into the vat. The quisle, and passed the Allegheny moun¬ motion of the cylinder at high speed tain by the route of Beula, to the foot of would start the water in a continu us it Chestnut Ridge, being there diIj^urday circuit around the vat. Rags were strewn evening, 30th ult. He put his fami y In a over the water to make their grand waste cabin to remain there till Monday rounds until reduced to a white pulp. morning following—but unfortunately for Tbe lay boy would put a press board two Mr, C. he had been joined a few miles feet square of hard wood well polished to the east side of Frankstown, by a on the press. The foreman would dip a young man who alleged that he was go- small sieve full of pulp, lay it on the press iDg to some part of the western country, board, smooth it evenly over more boards and being alone, he proposed to travel in and pulp until the press was full. company with tbe family, and would as¬ The screw was run down as long as sist In driving the wagon and rende** four men could move it with two strong other services that would be required. levers. When partly dry the screw was His proposals were cheerfully accepted run up the boards, taken off and brushed. by Mr. Clark, and he was. supplied with The foreman would lift the paper and every necessary as he liveflj^ith them. pile it on a low table. When the press On Monday morning, before they load¬ was empty he would lay a board the size ed the wagon to proceed on their j ourney, of paper wanted on the pile, get astride the young man took Mr. C.ark’s rifle to with a broad chisel, trim down the edges hunt for game. He went some distance to a square; then it went to the drying from the cabin, but within hearing, and loff, hung sheet by sheet on poplar poles. fired off the rifle, and immediately ran in Wben dry, girls took it to tables and wish with the news that he had shot a deer, knives scrap.d off all motes or specks. and requested Mr. Clark to take one of It then went to the ruling machine, a the horses to bring in the carcase. While frame three feet high, four feet long, Mr. Clark got a valuable mare and mount¬ wo feet wide, with wood roller at either ed, he loaded the rifle to be ready in case d, one with crank with endless ticking another opportunity should offer; they Bet s. The foreman would dip a small / out together, Mr. Clark ridlDg and he sheriff', Cuthbert Wiggins of Wh- Thom s Sloan t>f Brownsville, Willih Walking; after some time Mrs. Clark and Salter of New Bfaven, and Robert Boyi her children heard another shot, and con¬ For congress, Andrew Stewart; senate, cluded they had met with another deer; Daniel Sturgeon, Samuel E ans, John j but shocking to relate, the ball entered Olipbant, George Dearth; assembly, Thos., the back part of Mr. Clark’s head and Irwin, Solomon G. Kropps, James Nichol¬ l came out through his forehead, and he son, James Piper, David Cummings, 1 fell a victim to the ungrateful miscreant Richard Patton, James Bryant; connty I whom they had for several days fed and commissioner, James Eoert, William Bry¬ treated with kindness. son, Andrew McMaiter, Daviu Gilmore, The unsuspecting woman and children Isaac Murphy, Abraham Isier, Bepjamln remained in their desolate situation for I Miller, Jamas Lindsay, Benjamin Hellen, two or three days, waiting the return of John Strlckler andJamea C Hoit; audi- her husband; without being able to make t jr, Joshua Wood of Bridgeport. search in the wilderness, bdng fearful to John Hyatt and Mias Nancy Laughead , go out of the sight of the smoke of the were married Aug. 3,1826, by Rev. Wil¬ cabin lest she should not find her way li-m Brownfield, and Samuel B. Wiggins, back. After a few days she was visited son of Col. Cuthbert Wiggins, died July by a traveling person, who informed her that he sew a stranger in the east side of 20,1826, aged 20 years. Much of the space is taken up with a j the mountain in search of a stray horse; 4ih of July oration by Capt. David Cum¬ this information in some degree hushed mings at Opnnelisville, and foreign news. I her fears, but she related the circumstance of her husband’s going into the woods I with a stranger, and she heard a gun III. | fired, and had not seen either of them The Borne Monthly for January, 1899, since, they being one week gone. As this contains cuts and a most interesting arti¬ person was then passing into the next set¬ cle concerning Col. and Mrs Samuel tlement, he gave the alarm, and several E der of Ligonier, Pa. As Col. Elder and i persons there went to the assistance of hte family are well and favorably remem¬ 1 Mrs, C ark. On Monday, the 8th inst,, bered by our older citizens, a brief extract they found the body of Mr. Clark, shot in will be read with interest the manner above mentioned, but could The pioneer of the Elder family was not remove the corpse. Robert Elder, who came from Scotland in It is supposed the villain rode off the 1730 and settled in Paxton, about five mare, as she cannot be found, and stripped miles from Harrisbwrg, bis son John hav¬ Mr. C. of a silver watch and twenty dol¬ ing been left in the old country until he lars, which he had in his pocket when he graduated from Edinburgh University. left his family. After his graduation he was called :o a The person suspected of having com¬ ■charge near Harrisburg in 1738, where fey mitted this horrid deed, is a young man his pugnac ona disposition he soon ac¬ about 19 or 20 years .of age, about 5 feet 8 quired the name of the ,lfighting parson ” inches high, slender made, dark com¬ He took an active part in the French and plexion, brown hair of great length and Indian War and the Whisky Insurrec- L tied. He called himaelf Morgan, said he tion. He was in command of the “Pax-1 come from Ge many. His pronunciation j tang Boys” during theFrecch and Indian ; and accent would indicate an illiterate wars, and in 1760 was appointed by the I man from that country. Philadelphia authorities to the supervision of all the block-houses and stockades AN OLD NEWSPAPER. from Easton on the Delaware to the Sus¬ quehanna. When Revolutionary days A Genius of Liberty of August 8, came,he went into the pulpit with bis gun 1826. on his arm and preached a fiery war ser¬ mon and formed a company with his son Among old papers kindly furnished the Robert at Its head; being too old then to News Standabd is one by Attorney W. fight himself, be was given charge of the ' J. Sturgis, a copy of the Genius of Liberty barracks. of “Tuesday Evening, August 8, 1826 ” Rev. John Elder, the “fighting parson,” The paper was then published by Thomas was the great grand father of Col. Samuel Pat on at $2 a year. Tnis issue is marked Elder. On his mother’s side, too, Co> “Vol. VI, No. 52.” George Craft was sher¬ 'Elder is descended from people of Re- J|1 iff of Fayette county, Alexander McLean lotionary fame They were the Wal’ ( register and recorder, James Todd clerk his mother being a niece of Jona \ of the courts, Thomas H. Baird president Walker, a former judge of the Supi ! judge, Jamss Todd prothonotary. Among court of Pennsylvania. Her cousin,! announcements for office were: For i ert J. Walker, was a member of President n number. The elder Harr Polk’s cabinet. distant family connection, frequently Col. Eider will be remembered here as stopped at tbe Elder home when passing being the proprietor of the old National through on the stage. Once when on a House for awhiie during the palmy days visi- to Washington, President Buchanan of the old pike, it being the stopping place himself conducted Col. Elder over the for the Stockton line of stage coaches and W bite House. Stockton being the owner of the property. He accotnp nied a party on a pilgrimage In Col Searight’s history of the National to Canton during the last ^residential road a flue picture is given of Col. Elder campaign When he was presented to as the proprietor of this tavern. WiTiam McKinley the latter expressed On December ilOfcb, 1833, Col. Elder was himself as being more honored by his visit married to Miss Margaret Armor Bell in than by any other he had received, and Somerset county, ten miles north of the during his remarks Mr. McKinley snid: town of Somerset, the groom being then ‘‘I am glad to meet this veteran of seven¬ 28 years old and the bride just sweet six¬ teen presidential campaigns here today, teen. They went to housekeeping at and I feel proud of the fact that ne is this Crossroads, Pa., where Col. Elder en¬ year in favor of the great doctrine of the gaged for a short time in the mercantile Republican party and profoundly inter¬ badness In a few years he bought an in¬ ested in its success. May his long and terest in the stage line running from Pitts-1 honorable life be still further prolonged, burg to Chambersburg. He served a term j and may his declining years be the best as register and recorder of Somerset | and happiest of bis long and useful career. ” county. Their family consisted of twelve On the tenth of December, 1898, Col. children, of these eight were daughters. Elder and his wife had spent 65 years of a The eldest son, William, Beil enlisted at happy married life together, and although the outbreak of tbe war of the Rebellion, /he has passed hla 94th mile stone the Col. was wounded while storming the heights drives his own team of spirited horses • of 'Fredericksburg Dec. IS, 1832, and died wit h a grace and ease that would do credit in the Armory Square hospital, Washing¬ to one in the prime of Hte. The Col’s, ton, D. C,, Jan. 8, 1863. His remains aud friends heartily wish that he may be those of two of his sisters—Mrs. Jessie I spared in health and strength to reach at Uder Craighead and Mrs. FannieE. John- least his century mark. J. H. on are interred in the Allegheny ceine- A CURIOUS OLD VOLUME. -ry of Pittsburg. Mrs. Martha J E. trick resides in Allegheny City., Mrs. A Medical Book by John Quiflky, M. D., y Elder Hastings in Philadelphia, *737- while Mrs. Annie E. Miller, widow of Dr. If the ii. edical men of town wish to see John Miller, Miss Josephine Eider and a curio in the way of a text book they Samuel G. live with their parents on the should go to the rooms of the Fayette Bell farm near Li-onier, Pa. Mrs. Mar- County Historical society. ; garet E Hudson resides in Marysville, The book is entitled: “Medicina’Statien, ; Cal., and George W. Elder is a merchant being Aphorisms of Sanctorius, translated j in Redding, Cal. John Bell Eider is a into E ig isn with large explanations, by j ] merchant in Pittsburg, aud the youngest John Quincy, M D ; printed for T. Long¬ j chi d, Mrs. Alice Elder Holliday.,resides in man In ^’ftter-Nesier-Row, and J. Newton, , Greenspring valley, near Baltimore. in Little Britain, in 1737.” Col. and Mrs. Elder celebrated the fif¬ The little volume was presented to | tieth anniversary of their wedding at the the society by the curator, Benjamin residence of their son-in-law, Mr William Campbell, and is out of tbe library of his W. Patrick on Ridge avenue, Allegheny, father. Dr. Hugh Campbell, who pur¬ on Dec. 10,1883, at which time and place chase > it in Y tladeiphia,at a second a grand reception was being given on the hand book store as a curiosity while he occasion of the wedding of Col. Elder’s was a me dical student there, and ii the seventh daughter, Miss Fannie Elder to oldest book in the collection of the society *Vr. Baker Johnson of Frederick, Md., The printing is excellent s.nd the paper which event took place in the First Pres¬ looks as hough it might latt a thousand byterian church, Wood street, Pittsburg years yet. At first glance the fiber looks Oa this occasion all the children, sons-in- like finely tanned sheep skin'parchment, law and grand children, except the Cali¬ but closer inspection shows lt^o be of the fornia members of the family, were present best quality of linen, made to; withstand Col. Elder had a wide acquaintance % the moth of time. •pong public men, and had more or less It is a curious volume, indeed. There an acquaintance with every president s a frontispiece showing a man,eating by ^bom he voted, these being tbi weight, a thing that was practiced in the early stages of the science of medicine, j physical and mental faculties and spt^. The man is sitting on a pair of scales and ability as a player of the piano, have been in front'd him is a table from which he 1 described in the Pantagraph, was recently is eating food. The funny thing about ^ visited by a reporter of this paper at her the scales is that they are the old-fashion- home with her son, HoDrv Keiser, 308 led steel guards, like the bind our grand East Market street. She told with great j mothers used to weigh butter with. (Of ease and accuracy of the employments, course they wouldn't be )tk the fancy pastimes and conditions as she knew kind of the present day.) There is a long them in her youth. Following is a part arm, a big weight and the unreliable of what she said : figures, ro provision being made for the “I was born in 1808 in Fayette county, possible moving up aDd down of the Western Pennsylvania, and I lived 65 cage the man sits in while he moves his j years of my life on a farm in that state, arms.in eating. (1 take it for granted the vly education was in the common whools. picture !s a correct reproduction, of Gills were taught to read, but not so very co? rse.) well. Arithmetic was not taught to girls, Sbme of the rules laid down to be fol¬ not even the multiplication table, They lowed in case of being attacked by a thought girls didn’t need it. After I was malady are funny. One says that if you pretty well grown I studied arithmetic to are sick of “plague” or any thing else and the rale of three, but it was very hard for do certain things to effect a cure and you me. I took a course of twenty-four les¬ get well, of course you will not die, but if sons in English grammar when I was a cure is not effected you will die from about twenty five years old. They didn’t the disease. Here are a couple of aph¬ teach grammar in the common schools orisms that seem all right, to witi j but I think it was used as a reading book. “A. person may happen upon such a [ I gained my knowledge of grammar mor< way of living even when he takes no from reading good authors and hearing care about it as may preserve him to a good speaking. good old age.” an writing at school we began with “Very few of the wealthier people are making pot hooks and trammels on fools¬ cured by medicines, but a great many of cap which we had to rule; then we made the poorer sort recover without them.” the letters, but did very little writing. I There must have been a great plague learned to write principally in the winder raging when many of the prescriptions time. At ten years old I went three | were written, for there is much advice £ months to a German teacher, andlearned agiven as to how to get rid of the “plague.” to read German so that others could un¬ Those early practitioners knew very little derstand it, but I did not, and I can not about physiology and anatomy, it is very read German that way now, I could read evident, for Sanctorius hints at disease English then well and it was thought being the result of the evil being in the great thing for the schools to educate o; I bodv. Maybe he was right, and the phy- to read. i sicians of today are only fooling us. vi Late encyclopaedias say nothing about “There were two brothers and eight" sisters cf us and we had to work out on ■< Sanctorius, but it is known that he was a 'j man of great reputation in his day, and the farm. When I was seven years old I | lived and practiced his profession in had to hoe corn ail day with a heavy hoe < I Italy. John Quincy, M. D,, the trans- and my sister two years younger hoed ' lator of the w ork, was also a noted medi¬ along with me. In harvest time we had cal man of England. Numerous explana¬ to carry water to the hands, gather - sheaves, make shocks and help haul Iff tions are given by Dr Quincy to have the prescriptions hold water, and mow away the grain. It was cat with sickles then, aftewards the cradles came. j The oldest paper in the society’s posses- j sion is the London Ledger of 1790. It was We had to help all through hay harvest 3 preserved by Col. Samuel Evans and fell and liked to be outdoors working. I re 1 |§ into the possession of J. K. Ewing, Jr., cently wrote to a flfteen-yeav-oid boy, j [ who turned it over to the society. P. S. P. who had told me of his work, that I was sorry he had to work so bard, but that I « had to work out ou the farm when I was ft IV. a girl and I guessed it was that which ? The following is from a recent issue of made me so strong and made me live so the Daily Pantagrapb, published at Bloomington, Ills. : long. “We helped in sugar-making time,gath¬ ering the suar water, boiling the sap and Mrs. Esther Gans Keiser, whose nine¬ stirring it off. We helped harness the tieth birthday was celebrated October 18, norses. When I was fifteen years old I | and whose remarkable preservation of uad to help shear sheep, and we had to elect captains who would choose the( ^ol after It was carded. Ttien hnskers, dividing them in two parties for „pun it on the nice bjg wheel, which the contest. Then the husking would be¬ ,ve liked to hear buzz, something like the gin and the men would hollow and banter; machinery at the planing mill. We pre¬ one another. The women had their hanosj pared it for the loom and wove it into full preparing chickens, cold slaw, potf-j cloth, making every kind of cloth the toes and other good things to eat, and hau men and women were in clothing; also to have supper ready when the men got blankets, etc. Every.hing was manufac¬ through. We could tell by the increased tured at home. About the only cloth hollowing when they were neariDgth bought was a little book muslin for caps end. The victorious side would hoist the | and the big, broad ties to wear at the captain upon their shoulders and mrke a neck g eat ado. Then at supper the men wonlc j “We sowed the flax on Good Friday, have a merry time boasting and accusing and when it was partly grown we had to one another of throwing corn without pull the weeds out of it, and then at the husking it, moving the rail, etc. Some proper time pull the flax. The seed was times the evenings would end with a de¬ threshed off and the stems spread out in bate. The men did the talking; the the meadow in the fall to rot so as to women were not expected to say or know loosen the fiber from the wood. We would anything then. And there were quilting t nave to turn it over when it had lain and wood chooping bees, and the young awhile. When the woody part had been people had various plays after supper. rubbed away and the flax had been There was a great deal of enjoyment iD through the brake we girls had to swingle these gatherings and this way of doing it. Then it was drawn through the wire work together. or steel points oi the hackle to take the “In 1824 Lafayette visited our country tow out and leave the strong fiber sepa¬ and was entertained at Albert Gallatin’s, rate. It was the winter’s work to spin on a bluff on the Monongahola river. this flax, and it required about 150 to 200 Three women of the neighborhood ven¬ yards for the family’s use, beddlDg, etc. tured to go and shake hands with La- c It had to be boiled, cleansed with lye, fayette. We have a chair from that rinsed and prepared for the hand loom. house and I claim Lafayette sat in it. The . After it was woven it had to be bleached chair was brought from France and was until it was white. I have some of this one of the finest in its day home-made linen now which is seventy “The only paper which came to us in years old. Then we had to assist mother that early day was the Genius of Liberty, ; about the house. She was a little, deli¬ which we are still taking, it being now in i cate woman but a great worker. We en¬ its ninety-fourth year. I remember J. Q joyed that life. Adams’s campaign very well. It wagj “The children were cot dressed warm charged that he bought off the competing , then as they are now, and the school candidates There was much interest in rooms were not warm. There was a kind the slavery question and I remember a | of a process of hardening, but I am afraid colored woman who would never let her some died in the process. children cross the West Virginia line for “The singing school was a great amuse¬ fear they would be kidnapped, and she; ment. When we were about fifteen or waB afraid to go away to do washing. I sixteen years old one of the main pleas- always took strong sides against slavery, | urc-s was to attend the singing schools. and in these later years for the prohibi-; ! Twelve or thirteen lessons would be given lion movement. and the patent notes used. It was some- “I think that young people today don’ti thing like a sociable, and we always ex¬ " keep up with their privileges and advan-j pected bekux to go home with us, but tages as compared with the advantages of! ! there was hot always enough to go aronnd. our day; where much is given much is re I | There were flax pullings in the summer quired. I used to think I would like to | time, and sometimes the girls wcnld have live in the city to attend lectures, and : partners to pull through the field by hear prominent speakers, but I never had them, bat the boys were too busy with that privilege when I was young About their own rows of flix to help the girls all the books we had whon yonDg were! much. Huskings were the ohief delight. Milton’s Paradise Lost, Young’s Night! The corn would be pulled from the stalks Thoughts, Hervey’s Meditatione, the and thrown in a great long row across the English Header and the Sequel to the field. When it was ready the husk6rs English Reader. Geography was not wo ild be Invited aDd the women would i made a study We used to steal away up come together to get supper. The men in the garret and read a few novels, but it would measure off the corn pile and 1 was not allowed by my father. I did not i divide it in the middle with rails; then \ E&h V get to read in the bible until I was eleven years old. Now it almost discourages me About midnight we started and trav¬ eled on without halting u .til about 9 to see the libraries, there are so many books abput everything. I have read good o’clock the next day when we c me to a religious journals most ot my life, but rlv-r. Here the report met usthattbe jnow I have to quit reading. When I was rebels were just over the hill on the other iyoung I memorized most of the New Tes¬ side. Just hero we met a boy and I asked ta ment, and I remember a great deal of , him if there were any Jobnoies over the it yet. All of my old acquaintances are hfll. He said yea, that there were two thousand over there. So the order was jdead but two.”_^ given that every man that had a shoe off his horse was to full out of rank and stay there to guard the bridge to keep the rebejs from burning it to Keep our army yrom crossing and the order was given to PERSONAL RECOLLECTIONS OF THE the rest of us to “Forward,” then to trot, then to gallop. WAR OF THE REBELLION. Our horses’ feat made such a noise on the hard road that it seared the rebels Incidents of the Lynchburg Raid of 1864 and they ran, an i we chased them sev¬ as Recorded by a Participant—The eral miles until tho order was given to Skirmish Fight at Mt. Jackson, With dismount. ana charge on them. Our Gen. Siegel. horses were to be led after us as close as "hey could and keep out ot danger and By Sergt. James Nabors op Unionto wn were following us until the reoel cannon opened Are on u>, when the whole column It vsas in tho spring of ’64, that we of horses was halted, and we were halted broke camp at Martinsburg, W. Va , and also, waiting for our horses to come up to started up the Shenandoah valley on the us, but as some of the men in the advance - ‘ Lynchburg raid.” Oar regiment was who were leading the horses refused to go divided, part going under the commands on -while there wa3 so much shooting, we of Gen. Averill and Col. Scboonmaker by had to fall back to where they were and way of Wytheviile on the Greenbrier • lay down on our arms in front of our river, and part going with Gen. Siegel by horses right in a swampy piece of ground. way of Winchester, Middletown. Cedar We lay there all that night, exp cting r/°tkrd8tra9bure- Tilose of us of the every moment that they would charge on 14th Pa. cavalry who were with Gen. us and also expecting our main army to Siegel were kept back in the valley for join us at any time, but at daylight on* I several days to watch the rebels that were army had not overtaken us yet and th there around Front Raya! end other rebels advanced on us and the battle o [Places. Finally we were ordered onto YIt. Jackson began amid a terrible thun Wooastock where the whole army was in der storm. Our bovs of the 14 ,h were sup¬ jeamp. We rested there several days I port to Ewing’s battery and it was bar was acting orderly sergeant at that time to tell which made the loudest crack, t h * m the regu ar orderly wes trying for pro¬ thunder or the cannon; but we held ther motion, (He wanted to be second lieuten¬ in check for an hour or more. When ttm ant); and one dark, rainy night there was main army came in sight with Gan. Siegel ^ an order for a scout of ten men from each and his staff in advance the fight was company and a lieutenant to go with raging at a fearful rate and the general “hem in command, making In all a body was much surprised at the condition ot or about 500 men. A report had got :■ float things and he immediately sent some hat there was a large body of rebels com¬ pieces of artillery to meet the rebels and ing to meet ns, so we were sent out as a check them, but they kept right on and sco From Liver at Stewart's Crossings, at a P° Ltd 11 recognizable, and passed 01\ S/fc- —| (from Orange county, afterward Frederick STORY BuUeS Afacarefuny compiled history I OLD FAYETTE of that ill-fated expedition into the San¬ dusky (O.) valley in 1W • spoken of as "the son of George Pauu, I COUNTY FARM. who removed into .that part ofWeJt moreland which afterward became _ ette county, Fennsy vama w.th his fam ilv in 1768 afid settled in the Gist nei„n Unique Two-Story Century-Old j borliood, in what, is now Dunbar town- ,| I Log House on It Just De- i 8 George Pauli and his family were driven il stroyed by Fire. from their home at least once by ' elans, soon returning, however, and ta lno- up the land which still remains in !the possession of the family, Aye genera¬ WHERE THE SETTLERS CAME FROM. tion^ having made their home upon it. j The last ofS the Family left it, however between 12 and 15 years ago. Although First Coke South of Connellsville many e£ the settlers were'massacred, no Made There and Other Historical Pauli was ever killed by the Indians. Widow Pauli Scares a Bear. Facts About It. George Pauli died in 1778, at the age of 45, leaving a widow, a son, James, an three daughters. James Pauli was, at ORIGINAL PATENTS FOR THE LAND that time, scarcely 18, and upon h n family depended- The Widow Pauli, as Bhe was known, was Martha Irwin [WRITTEN FOR THE DISPATCH.] daughter of Archibald Irwin, winy settled , Early one morning two weeks ago fire in Mercersberg, Franklin couno, • , destroyed one of the oldest houses in She was a sincere Christian and a brate j woman. It is told of her that one night : Fayette county and one of the landmarks while sitting beside the fire she bear of Dunbar township. It was a two-story the pigs squeeling vigorously. Snatching log house, built some time between 1790 up a pine knot from the hearth she and 1798, by one Colonel James Pauli, stepped out into the night in time to see within 200 yards of the original log cabin a huge bear climbing out of the pig-sty with a little shoat under its fore-leg*. built by Colonel Pauli’s father, George She ran straight at the bear, waving Pauli, 1768, one of the first cabins I the flaming knot, frightening the bear off built in that immediate neighborhood. It into*the woods and saving the p-g. was within five miles of the famous James Pauli, a youth of 22 years, w homestead of Colonel William Crawford, one of the volunteers m the Crawford known at that time as “Stewart’s Cross¬ expedition against Sandusky. He Tff ings,” afterward as the “Crawford operated from the army on its retreat Place,” than which none was more fam¬ and narrowly escaped capture by the ous as a resort for pioneers and a tarry¬ Indians, fleeing for his life with a severe¬ ing place for new comers to the valley. ly burnt foot. He returned home alone The Crawford Place embraced all of several days later than the other men what is now New Haven, across the of the expedition after having seen flyev'i Youghiogheny river, from Connellsville, i or six comrades murdered by Indians. I a low-lyinfe, fertile valley of several hun¬ He lived on berries, slept in a hollow ' dred acres. The Pauli fai'm, afteiward tree and under shelving rocks, and built known as “Deer Park,’ is on the direct ■ a fire of whisky-barrel staves at a de- line of march of Braddock’s army to and Iserted Indian camp. He was afterward from Fort Necessity to Fort Duquesne, made a Colonel, serving in the Kevolu- the -old Gist or Mason farm adjoining tion, mostly on the Western border. Deer Park also having been passed over, Location of the Log House. farm, now “Mount Braddock farm, the James Pauli was married the next J V name from that ill-fated leader taking its uary to Elizabeth Rodgers, whose f. The Mount Braddock farm originally in¬ cluded a tract of from 2,100 to 2,200 acres, .ad settled in thsvt neighborhood. Tne: "Widow Pauli, his mother, later married the way, most' of the an?S_ iviat.„ew Neely, and in a few years settlers of Southwestern Pennsylvania Colonel Pauli built the old log house came—for a strife to arise among the shown in the accompanying cut, and farmers to see which should get the har¬ which was recently destroyed by fire. It vest of small grain cut down first. was a two-stor; !og house, standing on This custom was rife, about a century a little hill, originally facing a road along before Sherrard wrote, between the fam¬ a run. In later years the road was ilies of the deceased George Pauli on one changed to tin- back, of the house. side and that of Samuel Work on the Tho original cabin was built a few hun¬ other. dred ya>-do to the rear of the log house, During the harvest of 1780 John Sher¬ on anot.ier stream, at the edge of a rard was a member of the family of the woods, part c-1 the stone foundation of Widow Pauli. He sent Charles May to which was visible a few years ago. In spy out and report the progress of the this log house Colcnel Pauli lived until harvesting on the Work place. It was 1841, dying in his Slst year. The present decided that something extraordinary brick house on the old farm, or planta¬ would have to be done to prevent the tion as it was caiied in early days, was Work family from having the “brag and in course of construction at the time of boast” of having finished first. his death. Reaped All Niglit by Moonlight. Colonel Pauli was a great hunter as a Accordingly, John Sherrard and May young man, and even in his later years decided to go into the fields and reap all spent much of hi? time in the mountains, night, the moon being near its full. They, although gain'-- became rather scarce. took with them some whisky, “an indis¬ Many of the old residents of Connells- pensable article,” saj's Sherrard, “at ville toil how ho and his son, Joseph j least, it was thought to be in harvest Pauli, once sun ted a deer, which ran | time, and indeed by many in the olden I times, it was thought to be a useful arti- ! ele at all times,” which belief seems to I hold good still rather generally. I_They reaped all night by moonlight. making the task of finishing the next day, several hours before the work hands had done, an easy one. Sherrard closes his account by saying, “And thus ended with a hurrah the cutting of the harvest r i of 1780 on the Pauli farm. This is the only instance I have ever known or heard of in a long life of nearly 80 years, of two men. having employed themselves all i night reaping by moonlight, and just j for no other purpose than to have it to boast of that they had cut down the harvest on Pauli’s land first.’ Sherrard tells another grain-cutting story. It was a few years after the grain cradle had been introduced into Western Pennsylvania, in 1782 or 1783, by a colony of emigrants from the State of New Jer¬ sey. who settled in the neighborhood of Mount Braddock. An Old-Time Practical Joke. Robert, and John Junk, able-bodied men who had learned when young the use of the cradle, and who were noted hands with it, hired Billy Cornell, another man from the Jerseys, to assist them in crad¬ ling 10 or 12 acres of wheat. They went to work early, taking their bitters before they started, both common practices in those days, Sherrard says. Robert Junk Colonel Pauli, Who Built the Old Log House. took the lead, Cornell was put in the down through Co nrellsville and through middle, John Junk brought up the rear. ; the hall ol the old Brierly tavern, which, Thus they started and on they went the si’il stands' on Watei street, and down whole day, stopping only to eat. Sher¬ | into the river, where it was shot, some rard says in his quaint way: , distance below. “John Junk pushed up Billy Cornell * In an old manuscript written in 1868 by close to his brother Bob, and Bob being i Robert Sherrard, there is given “Some a strong, able-bodied man, kept out of account of why my father, John, Sher¬ Billy’s way, John Junk still pushing Billy rard, and Charles May, a bound boy on. Situated as he was and pushed as raised in the Pauli family, reaped wheat he was, between the two, Billy Cornell 1 all night in Widow Pauli’s field.’’ Jt had full as much as he could do all day gives an idea of the life in those early long. And when night came Billy was times before the furnace interests and glad of it.” the coal and coke trade drove farmihg After supper Billy took his cradle and uid agriculture further west. Sherrard started for home. The Junks asked him ays it was a custom of..long standing ir to stay and cradle on the morrow. “No,” ifferent parts of our own country and he said, “I’m not going to work for men i Ireland and Scotland—from, where, bv. that think a man’s made of iron,” and Billy went home for ,’a much-needed rest . 1MWI ' ' " • > T'W.%W"!i JUUUuUj' EQX&t A1 «U.U^ 'Hum- . S/t, THE OLD LOG HOUSE. Such were the jokes and pleasures of the hot coke raked apart and watered" , the hardy, happy men of those days. out with buckets of water carried from j Coke South of ConnellsT-ille. a little stream near by. On the Pauli farm, a few hundred This was a most primitive method, and j yards to the right of the house, as seen very different in detail from the present j in the cut, the first coke south of Con- system, although the underlying prin- | I ciples are the same. The old Union Fur- i nellsville was made. The Cochrans made coke in ovens below Broadford before nace, started by Baldwin & Cheney, was j that, however. The first coking was done the first coke furnace in that region, all on the Pauli farm in 1S56, when 10 acres furnaces before that time having been of coal were sold to Baldwin & Cheney, charcoal ones, making each about one owners of the old Union furnace, now; ton of iron a day. Dunbar Furnace. They coked the coal Coke Hauled bT Six Mules. by piling it in cone-shaped ricks, as they The iron from this furnace and from were called, fired from the bottom several furnaces further up the moun¬ through flues about one foot square tains, old charcoal furnaces, was hauled made by piling up large, hard lumps. On I down the mountains and brought to the, top of this slack and fine coal were piled. j mouth of Dunbar’s Creek and taken The fire was started with wood or hot I down the Youghiogheny and Mononga- coals, after which dirt was piled over hela and Ohio rivers to Kentucky and the rick to retain the heat. When the I other points. coal was coked the dirt was pulled ott(* The coke from the old Pauli mine -was j hauled up to Union furnace, a distance ! of a mile or more, 100 bushels at a time. | The wagons, with high wooden racks, jh wnT^TST were drawn, by six mules. Limestone was also hauleu .rom .mines on this farm to the Union f trnace, which obtained its ore from the mountain sides near by. Thf rick method of burning coke was used by the Union Purna.ce Company for almbst 10 years, this plant being the only one of its kind in operation there. In 1871 Brown, Bonnell & Co. leased the Paul' coal and built a number of beehive coke ovens, the second plant of bee¬ hive ovens built south of Corinellsville, the first having been put up a year or two before by Taylor & Byers, at Union- dale, a mile or so from the other later works. In a few years other plants; -sprung up further south. The Pauli farm was divided into several farms, one known as “Hill Farm,” another as “Wopdvale,” owned by William Walker, who married Martha Pauli, a daughter of Colonel Pauli, and another part bought by Moses Porter. “Deer Park’’ remained in the family. The Original Patents. The original patents for the old Pauli farm issued in 1788 are still in the pos¬ session of the family. One patent calls for 317 acres given to George Pauli and one for 159 acres to James Pauli. They are of parchment, with the “Seal of the State of Pennsylvania’’ on one corner and the seal of the “Enrollment officer of Pennsylvania” on another. They were granted by the Supreme Executive Coun¬ cil of the Commonwealth of Pennsyl¬ vania. For the sum of £28 3s lawful money James Pauli received a patent for a cer¬ tain tract of land called “Rich Head," situated on Braddock’s old run, in Tyrone township, Fayette county. Tt may be said here that the Common¬ wealth of Pennsylvania bought from the Iroquois Indians in November, 1768, all land between the Susquehanna river and j,the ‘Allegheny and Ohio rivers, opened a land office in April, 1769. Up to that time the sett tefs. \ Florida and Louisiana. Folks thought j Gen. George Washington, Jacob Bow¬ and talked about “kings and princes j man, Andrew Flannigan, Daniel and governors of the earth” much as Dimond, Isaac Meason, James Morrison they do today. The immortal George Washington was president of the and a few others issued executions and placed them in the sheriff’s hands for United States; George III, with weak- collection. All through this yellow paged book Gen. George Washington’s name appears as plaintiff. George might have been a very good man, but he was very persistent in coUecting debts from Fayette county defendants. The attorneys appearieg in these writs were James and Abraham Morrison, Hugh or James Ross, Paul Morrow, Parker Campbell, John Young, Arthur St. Clair, one time president of the Continental Congress and governor of the Northwest Territory, Robert Gal¬ braith, John Simonson, Hugh H. Brackenridge, Thomas Hadden, - Black, John Woods. We spell the names of these old time attorneys on the moldering records and wonder who they were.