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Handel Med Truete Arter Trade in Endangered Species RAPPORT M4-2013 Handel med truete arter Trade in endangered species - sjekkliste for CITES 2013 - CITES checklist 2013 Handel med truete arter - sjekkliste for CITES 2013 Trade in endangered species - CITES checklist 2013 Utførende institusjon: Sammendrag – summary: Miljødirektoratet Washingtonkonvensjonen regulerer den internasjonale handel og Oppdragstakers prosjektansvarlig: transport over landegrensene med truete plante- og dyrearter, Øystein Størkersen også kjent under forkortelsen CITES (Convention on International Kontaktperson i Miljødirektoratet: Trade in Endangered Species). CITES regulerer handelen ved hjelp Sunniva Aagaard av et system med lisenser og ulik grad av restriksjoner for de arter M-nummer: som avtalen til enhver tid har ført opp på hhv Liste I, II og III. Denne M4-2013 sjekklisten er en oppdatert oversikt etter vedtak og endringer År: gjort ved siste partskonferanse i mars 2013. Listen er gyldig fra 2013 12.6.2013 for artene på liste I, II. og III . Partene kan tilføye arter på Sidetall: egen hånd til liste III, for siste oppdaterte versjon se derfor XXX www.cites.org. Denne sjekklisten vil være gyldig frem til ny sjekkliste Utgiver: foreligger ca 3 måneder etter neste partsmøte i 2016 eller dersom Miljødirektoratet andre endringer i nasjonalt regelverk vedtas. Sjekklisten er lagt ut Prosjektet er finansiert av: som pdf-fil på www.miljodirektoratet.no/cites Miljødirektoratet Forfatter(e): ABSTRACT Seniorrådgiver Øystein Størkersen og The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species – seniorrådgiver Sunniva Aagaard. CITES regulates the transboundary movement of threatened species Tittel - norsk og engelsk: and their products. This is accomplished through a system of licenses Handel med truete arter applicable for species on Appendices I, II and III. The checklist is valid - Sjekkliste for CITES 2013 as of 12 June 2013, and until a new list is published approximately Trade in endangered species three months after the next Conference of the Parties in 2016. For - CITES checklist 2013 Appendix III species, these may be unilaterally included by the Parties. 4 emneord: For an updated version of Appendix III we refer to www.cites.org. CITES, handel, sjekkliste, truete arter The Norwegian version of the CITES checklist is also available from 4 subject words: www.enivormentagency.no/cites CITES, trade, checklist, endangered species Forside: Elefant er blant de artene som får mest oppmerksomhet i verden og i CITES. Stort sett er de omfattet av liste I og handel med bl.a. elfenben er strengt regulert. Omfattende krypskyting og smugling truer likevel mange bestander. Foto: Øystein Størkersen Elephants are regulated under CITES Appendix I, but illegal hunting still threatens several populations Layout: Guri Jermstad AS Trykk: Skipnes AS Handel med truete arter – Sjekkliste for CITES 2013 / Trade in endangered species – CITES checklist 2013 | M4-2013 Apollosommerfugl er den eneste norske sommerfuglarten på CITES-listene. De aller fleste artene på listene er store arter, jf spesielt fuglevinger. Apollosommerfuglen er fredet i Norge og i Europa, men etterstrebes fortsatt for å dekke etterspørselen blant samlere. Foto: Øystein Størkersen The Apollo butterfly is the only butterfly found in Norway that is regulated under CITES. As the species is a popular collector’s item it is also protected by national law in Norway and Europe. Marisko er en norsk orkide som også er ettertraktet blant samlere. Den er fredet i Norge og ellers i Europa. Alle orkideer krever CITES-tillatelse ved eksport, unntak gjelder bl.a. for inntil 25 stilker med snittorkideer per person for reisende til og fra Norge. Foto: Øystein Størkersen All orchids are regulated under CITES, such as these lady slipper orchids. Some exceptions are given for cultivated orchids (see the Appendices). 3 Handel med truete arter – Sjekkliste for CITES 2013 / Trade in endangered species – CITES checklist 2013 | M4-2013 Forord Den 3. mars 2013 fyller Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (forkortet som CITES) 40 år. Denne avtalen kom i sin tid i stand fordi FN så at det var nødvendig å verne om naturressursene gjennom å legge til rette for bærekraftig bruk ved å regulere internasjonal handel med artene og deres produkter. 40 år senere ser vi at avtalen har innført reguleringer for mer enn 35 000 arter. CITES har innenfor biologisk mangfold blitt den mest kraftfulle internasjonale avtalen, ganske enkelt fordi avtalens bestemmelser er obligatoriske og ikke valgfrie. Land som ikke følger opp med dokumentert bærekraftig uttak, kontroll med eksport og import, eller som ikke lisensierer handel med listede arter eller som unnlater å rapportere egen handel, eller som ikke kan dokumentere tilstrekkelig eget lovverk - risikerer å bli suspendert og utelukket fra handel med visse arter eller også ift all handel med CITES eksemplarer. Dette er åpenbart et kraftfullt insentiv til å følge opp de bestemmelser som er satt. CITES er imidlertid ikke sterkere enn det hvert enkelt land følger opp. Det finnes fortsatt store utfordringer for CITES og ifht global handel med naturressurser. Korrupsjon, krig, uvitenhet og grådighet er ofte foranledninger til at CITES-bestemmelser brytes. Listing av artene er derfor i seg selv ofte ikke et tilstrekkelig tiltak. Det er i høyeste grad viktig at spesielt konsumentland er sitt ansvar bevisst og følger opp med streng kontroll av import og eksport. CITES har i de siste årene også identifisert svakheter innenfor de nasjonale domstolenes oppfølging. Et samarbeid mellom Interpol, verdens tollunion og FNs kontor for narkotika og kriminalitet (ICCWC) har bidratt sterkt til å bekjempe internasjonal organisert kriminalitet og styrket domstolenes og juristenes kompetanse på området. CITES arbeider derfor på flere felt mhp å styrke oppfølging av de mange gode vedtak som er gjort de fire siste tiårene. Bl.a. gjelder dette styrket kontroll med uttak og eksport av tropisk tømmer. Her er det tett samarbeid med bl.a. den internasjonale tømmerorganisasjonen ITTO. CITES fokuserer her bl.a. på chipmerking av tømmerstokker, kartlegging av forekomster, godkjenning av plantasjer og opplæring av personell. Det er åpenbart at CITES har en stor rolle å spille i å ta vare på truete arter av planter og dyr som ofte er i sterk tilbakegang. For å virke etter hensikten må imidlertid alle land styrke egen innsats, og partene til CITES må ta i bruk nyskapende teknikker og tenke nytt i forhold til hvordan problemer med ikke-bærekraftig handel eller illegal handel kan takles. Til syvende og sist handler dette om å bevare naturressurser for kommende generasjoner, det handler om å sikre lokale arbeidsplasser og bekjempe fattigdom, og det handler om å sikre rettmessig inntekter og skatt til nasjonale myndigheter. Her har også Norge en viktig rolle å spille gjennom å styrke egen innsats på området ved bl.a. å styrke kontrollen med slik handel nasjonalt og bidra inn i internasjonale prosesser. Den 3. mars ble i 2013 etablert som UN World Wildlife Day. Dagen er ment å skulle sette fokus på behovet for internasjonalt samarbeid for å nå de målene avtalen har satt. Dette kan bl.a. skje gjennom økt samarbeid mellom enkeltland, direkte bidrag til CITES-sekretariatet og engasjement i internasjonale fora. En effektiv nasjonal oppfølging av konvensjonen er avhengig av at det foreligger en lett tilgjengelig referanse til de artene konvensjonen til enhver tid omfatter. Denne sjekklisten er derfor utviklet med tanke på både å hjelpe publikum med informasjon og til å dekke tollmyndighetenes behov for en lett tilgjengelig oversikt over bestemmelser og hvilke arter som omfattes av konvensjonen. Direktoratet oppfordrer til å ta kontakt, enten per telefon eller per e-post, dersom det skulle oppstå behov for ytterligere informasjon om CITES-bestemmelsene. Denne utgaven av CITES-listene er revidert i henhold til de endringer for liste I og II som ble vedtatt ved den sekstende partskonferansen i Bangkok, Thailand, i mars 2013. Denne listen er gyldig fra 12. juni 2013 og til tre måneder etter neste partskonferanse i 2016, dvs. i ca tre år framover. For liste III er artslisten oppdatert frem til 12.6.2013. For siste utgave av liste III vises til www.cites.org Ansvarlig for utformingen av denne norske utgaven av CITES-sjekklisten har vært seniorrådgiver Øystein Størkersen og seniorrådgiver Sunniva Aagaard. Forfatterne ønsker å takke seniorrådgiver Svein Båtvik for bistand. Ellen Hambro direktør Trondheim, juli 2013 4 Handel med truete arter – Sjekkliste for CITES 2013 / Trade in endangered species – CITES checklist 2013 | M4-2013 Introductory remarks On the 3rd of March 2013 the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species –CITES celebrates its 40th anniversary. This agreement was established because UN recognized a need to protect natural resources by ensuring sustainable use through regulation of international trade with species and their products. 40 years later the agreement has listed more than 35.000 species. For biodiversity CITES has become the most forceful international agreement, simply because the agreement is obligatory and not voluntary. Those Parties that do not comply through sustainable use, control of export and import, or with licensing trade in listed species, or which do not report on their trade or which does not have a sufficient legal framework – risk being suspended from trade with certain species or from trade with any listed species. This is obviously a forceful incentive for the Parties to comply. However, CITES will never be stronger than
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