The Unicode Standard, Version 6.3
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Similarities and Dissimilarities of English and Arabic Alphabets in Phonetic and Phonology: a Comparative Study
Similarities and dissimilarities of English and Arabic 94 Similarities and dissimilarities of English and Arabic Alphabets in Phonetic and Phonology: A Comparative Study MD YEAQUB Research Scholar Aligarh Muslim University, India Email: [email protected] Abstract: This paper will focus on a comparative study about similarities and dissimilarities of the pronunciation between the syllables of English and Arabic with the help of phonetic and phonological tools i.e. manner of articulation, point of articulation and their distribution at different positions in English and Arabic Alphabets. A phonetic and phonological analysis of the alphabets of English and Arabic can be useful in overcoming the hindrances for those want to improve the pronunciation of both English and Arabic languages. We all know that Arabic is a Semitic language from the Afro-Asiatic Language Family. On the other hand, English is a West Germanic language from the Indo- European Language Family. Both languages show many linguistic differences at all levels of linguistic analysis, i.e. phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, etc. For this we will take into consideration, the segmental features only, i.e. the consonant and vowel system of the two languages. So, this is better and larger to bring about pedagogical changes that can go a long way in improving pronunciation and ensuring the occurrence of desirable learners’ outcomes. Keywords: Arabic Alphabets, English Alphabets, Pronunciations, Phonetics, Phonology, manner of articulation, point of articulation. Introduction: We all know that sounds are generally divided into two i.e. consonants and vowels. A consonant is a speech sound, which obstruct the flow of air through the vocal tract. -
DSU Music Newsletter
Delaware State University Music Department Spring 2018 Music Department Schedule Tues., Mar. 20, 11am: Music Performance Seminar (Theater) Volume 2: Issue 1 Fall 2018 Tues., Mar. 27, 11am: Music Performance Seminar (Theater) Concert choir to perform with Philadelphia orchestra Friday, April 6, 7:00 PM: Junior Recital; Devin Davis, Tenor, Anyre’ Frazier, Alto, On March 28, 29, and 30 of 2019, Tommia Proctor, Soprano (Dover Presbyterian Church) the Delaware State University Concert Choir under the direction of Saturday, April 7, 5:00 PM: Senior Capstone Recital; William Wicks, Tenor (Dover Presbyterian Church) Dr. Lloyd Mallory, Jr. will once again be joining the Philadelphia Sunday, April 8, 4:00 PM: Orchestra. The choir will be Senior Capstone Recital; Michele Justice, Soprano (Dover Presbyterian Church) performing the world premiere of Healing Tones, by the Orchestra’s Tuesday, April 10, 11:00 AM: Percussion Studio Performance Seminar (EH Theater) composer-in-residence Hannibal Lokumbe. In November of 2015 the Sunday, April 15, 4:00 PM: Delaware State University Choir Senior Capstone Recital; Marquita Richardson, Soprano (Dover Presbyterian Church) joined the Philadelphia Orchestra to Tuesday, April 17, 11:00 AM: DSU – A place where dreams begin perform the world premiere of Guest Speaker, Dr. Adrian Barnes, Rowan University (Music Hannibal’s One Land, One River, One Education/Bands) (EH 138) People. About the performance, the Friday, April 20, 12:30 PM: Philadelphia Inquirer said “The massed voices of the Delaware State University Choir, the Lincoln Honors Day, Honors Recital (EH Theater) University Concert Choir, and Morgan State University Choir sang with spirit, accuracy and, near- Friday, April 20, 7:00 PM: More inside! Pg. -
The Origins, Evolution and Decline of the Khojki Script
The origins, evolution and decline of the Khojki script Juan Bruce The origins, evolution and decline of the Khojki script Juan Bruce Dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Master of Arts in Typeface Design, University of Reading, 2015. 5 Abstract The Khojki script is an Indian script whose origins are in Sindh (now southern Pakistan), a region that has witnessed the conflict between Islam and Hinduism for more than 1,200 years. After the gradual occupation of the region by Muslims from the 8th century onwards, the region underwent significant cultural changes. This dissertation reviews the history of the script and the different uses that it took on among the Khoja people since Muslim missionaries began their activities in Sindh communities in the 14th century. It questions the origins of the Khojas and exposes the impact that their transition from a Hindu merchant caste to a broader Muslim community had on the development of the script. During this process of transformation, a rich and complex creed, known as Satpanth, resulted from the blend of these cultures. The study also considers the roots of the Khojki writing system, especially the modernization that the script went through in order to suit more sophisticated means of expression. As a result, through recording the religious Satpanth literature, Khojki evolved and left behind its mercantile features, insufficient for this purpose. Through comparative analysis of printed Khojki texts, this dissertation examines the use of the script in Bombay at the beginning of the 20th century in the shape of Khoja Ismaili literature. -
Arabic Sociolinguistics: Topics in Diglossia, Gender, Identity, And
Arabic Sociolinguistics Arabic Sociolinguistics Reem Bassiouney Edinburgh University Press © Reem Bassiouney, 2009 Edinburgh University Press Ltd 22 George Square, Edinburgh Typeset in ll/13pt Ehrhardt by Servis Filmsetting Ltd, Stockport, Cheshire, and printed and bound in Great Britain by CPI Antony Rowe, Chippenham and East bourne A CIP record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 978 0 7486 2373 0 (hardback) ISBN 978 0 7486 2374 7 (paperback) The right ofReem Bassiouney to be identified as author of this work has been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. Contents Acknowledgements viii List of charts, maps and tables x List of abbreviations xii Conventions used in this book xiv Introduction 1 1. Diglossia and dialect groups in the Arab world 9 1.1 Diglossia 10 1.1.1 Anoverviewofthestudyofdiglossia 10 1.1.2 Theories that explain diglossia in terms oflevels 14 1.1.3 The idea ofEducated Spoken Arabic 16 1.2 Dialects/varieties in the Arab world 18 1.2. 1 The concept ofprestige as different from that ofstandard 18 1.2.2 Groups ofdialects in the Arab world 19 1.3 Conclusion 26 2. Code-switching 28 2.1 Introduction 29 2.2 Problem of terminology: code-switching and code-mixing 30 2.3 Code-switching and diglossia 31 2.4 The study of constraints on code-switching in relation to the Arab world 31 2.4. 1 Structural constraints on classic code-switching 31 2.4.2 Structural constraints on diglossic switching 42 2.5 Motivations for code-switching 59 2. -
Uyghur Language Processing on the Web
Uyghur language processing on the Web Dr. Waris Abdukerim Janbaz , Prof. Imad Saleh Paragraphe Laboratory, University of Paris VIII, France [email protected], [email protected] http://paragraphe.univ-paris8.fr Abstract navigators) and correctly displaying Uyghur characters In this paper, we discuss some important issues related to presented huge difficulties. In spite of the fairly passive web processing of an agglutinative Turkic language – attitude of Government authorities to the development of Uyghur. Especially, we will discuss the advent of Uyghur information technology, many individuals started grassroots efforts on Uyghur Unicode font developing, creating Uyghur websites using the three above Uyghur character displaying, font embedding and mentioned script. ASU, used by the most populous Uyghur character inputting method within Uyghur- segment of XUAR Uyghurs caused special coding support-less environment. We will also introduce a problems given that it uses a non-standard set of Arabic- multiscript conversion application to further use the based glyphs. Unicode standard for Uyghur language processing. 2. Background Keywords: Unicode, Font, Turkic Language, multiscript, For ASU, before 2002, either of the two following transliteration, Arabic-Script Uyghur, Cyrillic-Script methods became very common on web publishing in Uyghur, Latin-Script Uyghur. Uyghur: 1) font downloading; and/or 2) image format. There is no need to explain the inconvenience of the 1. Introduction second method. More interesting but complex problems The Uyghurs are a Turkic-speaking ethnic group, occurred in the case of the first one. The major problem officially about nine million, inhabiting in Central Asia came from the fact that every web site owner created and including today’s Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region named his/her own fonts, and users/visitors had to (hereafter: XUAR, also called Chinese Turkistan) as well download a specific font (or different fonts) for almost as parts of Kazakhstan and urban regions in the Ferghana every single website. -
Workshop on Internationalized Domain Names for Pakistani Languages April 20, 2008
Workshop on Internationalized Domain Names for Pakistani Languages April 20, 2008 Table 1: Tentative tables for public feedback 1 Character Unicode Description Balochi Pashto Punjabi Saraiki Sindhi Torwali ASIWG Decision 2 0600 ARABIC NUMBER SIGN NO NO NO NO NO NO DISALLOWED 0601 ARABIC SIGN SANAH NO NO NO NO NO NO DISALLOWED 0601 ARABIC FOOTNOTE MARKER NO NO NO NO NO NO DISALLOWED 0603 ARABIC SIGN SAFHA NO NO NO NO NO NO DISALLOWED 0604 <reserved> UNASSIGNED 1 Dr. Sarmad Hussain, Professor and Head, Center for Research in Urdu Language Processing, National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences, Lahore, PAKISTAN. Email: [email protected] , URL: www.crulp.org , www.nu.edu.pk 2 Arabic Script IDN Working Group (ASIWG) [email protected] http://lists.irnic.ir/mailman/listinfo/idna-arabicscript 0605 <reserved> UNASSIGNED 0606 ARABIC-INDIC CUBE ROOT NO NO NO NO NO NO DISALLOWED 0607 ARABIC-INDIC FOURTH NO NO NO NO NO NO DISALLOWED ROOT 0608 ARABIC RAY NO NO NO NO NO NO DISALLOWED 0609 ARABIC-INDIC PER MILLE NO NO NO NO NO NO DISALLOWED SIGN 060A ARABIC-INDIC PER TEN NO NO NO NO NO NO DISALLOWED THOUSAND SIGN 060B AFGHANI SIGN NO NO NO NO NO NO DISALLOWED 060C ARABIC COMMA NO NO NO NO NO NO DISALLOWED 060D ARABIC DATE SEPARATOR NO NO NO NO NO NO DISALLOWED ؍ 060E ARABIC POETIC VERSE SIGN NO NO NO NO NO NO DISALLOWED ؎ 060F ARABIC SIGN MISRA NO NO NO NO NO NO DISALLOWED ؏ 0610 ARABIC SIGN SALLALLAHOU PENDING PENDING PENDING PENDING PENDING PENDING PVALID ALAYHE WASSALLAM 0611 ARABIC SIGN ALAYHE PENDING PENDING -
Unicode Alphabets for L ATEX
Unicode Alphabets for LATEX Specimen Mikkel Eide Eriksen March 11, 2020 2 Contents MUFI 5 SIL 21 TITUS 29 UNZ 117 3 4 CONTENTS MUFI Using the font PalemonasMUFI(0) from http://mufi.info/. Code MUFI Point Glyph Entity Name Unicode Name E262 � OEligogon LATIN CAPITAL LIGATURE OE WITH OGONEK E268 � Pdblac LATIN CAPITAL LETTER P WITH DOUBLE ACUTE E34E � Vvertline LATIN CAPITAL LETTER V WITH VERTICAL LINE ABOVE E662 � oeligogon LATIN SMALL LIGATURE OE WITH OGONEK E668 � pdblac LATIN SMALL LETTER P WITH DOUBLE ACUTE E74F � vvertline LATIN SMALL LETTER V WITH VERTICAL LINE ABOVE E8A1 � idblstrok LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH TWO STROKES E8A2 � jdblstrok LATIN SMALL LETTER J WITH TWO STROKES E8A3 � autem LATIN ABBREVIATION SIGN AUTEM E8BB � vslashura LATIN SMALL LETTER V WITH SHORT SLASH ABOVE RIGHT E8BC � vslashuradbl LATIN SMALL LETTER V WITH TWO SHORT SLASHES ABOVE RIGHT E8C1 � thornrarmlig LATIN SMALL LETTER THORN LIGATED WITH ARM OF LATIN SMALL LETTER R E8C2 � Hrarmlig LATIN CAPITAL LETTER H LIGATED WITH ARM OF LATIN SMALL LETTER R E8C3 � hrarmlig LATIN SMALL LETTER H LIGATED WITH ARM OF LATIN SMALL LETTER R E8C5 � krarmlig LATIN SMALL LETTER K LIGATED WITH ARM OF LATIN SMALL LETTER R E8C6 UU UUlig LATIN CAPITAL LIGATURE UU E8C7 uu uulig LATIN SMALL LIGATURE UU E8C8 UE UElig LATIN CAPITAL LIGATURE UE E8C9 ue uelig LATIN SMALL LIGATURE UE E8CE � xslashlradbl LATIN SMALL LETTER X WITH TWO SHORT SLASHES BELOW RIGHT E8D1 æ̊ aeligring LATIN SMALL LETTER AE WITH RING ABOVE E8D3 ǽ̨ aeligogonacute LATIN SMALL LETTER AE WITH OGONEK AND ACUTE 5 6 CONTENTS -
Makeyourfont-Abdulkerim.Pdf
اﺻﻨ َﻊ َﺧ ﱠﻄ ﻚ ﺑﻨ َ ْﻔ ﺴ ِﻚ ﺗﺄﻟﻴﻒ ُﻣ َـﺤ ﱠﻤـﺪ َﳛ َﻴﻰ َﻋ ْﺒﺪ َاﻟﻜ ِﺮ ْﻳﻢ أﺧﺼﺎﺋﻲ ﺑﺮاﻣﺞ آﻟﻴﺔ وﺣﺎﺳﺒﺎت ﺑﴩﻛﺔ اﻟﺼﻔﻮة ﻟﻠﱪﳎﻴﺎت − اﻟﻘﺎﻫﺮة − ﻣﴫ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﺔ وﺗﺪﻗﻴﻖ وﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ َﻳ َﻌﲆ َﻗ َﺤﻄﺎن ﱡاﻟﺪ ْو ِر ّي – – ﻛﻠﻴﺔ اﻟﺪراﺳﺎت اﻟﻔﻘﻬﻴﺔ واﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ آل اﻟﺒﻴﺖ اﻷُردن א اﺳﻢ اﻟﻜﺘﺎب: اﺻﻨﻊ ﺧﻄﻚ ﺑﻨﻔﺴﻚ. اﳌﺆﻟﻒ: ُﻣ َـﺤ ﱠﻤـﺪ َﳛ َﻴﻰ َﻋ ْﺒﺪ َاﻟﻜ ِﺮ ْﻳﻢ. ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﺔ وﺗﺪﻗﻴﻖ وﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ: َﻳ َﻌﲆ َﻗ َﺤﻄﺎن ﱡاﻟﺪ ْو ِر ّي . ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ اﻟﻐﻼف: َﻋ ْﺒﺪ اﷲ َﻋ ِﺎرف. اﻟﻤﺆﻟﻒ.... DOS C++ C#Visual Basic Visual Basic.net ًوأﺧـــﲑا: ﻟﻼﺳﺘﻔﺴﺎر ﻳﺮﺟﻰ اﻟﺘﻮاﺻﻞ ﻋﲆ: [email protected] +20188913719 ﺷﻜﺮ ﺧﺎص إﱃ اﻷخ اﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢ: َﻳ َﻌﲆ َﻗ َﺤﻄ ﺎن ﱡاﻟﺪ ْو ِر ّي . http://www.graphics4arab.com http://indesignyat.webatu.com http://zakdesign.net http://www.rashedy.com أﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ: اﺻﻨﻊ ﺧﻄﻚ ﺑﻨﻔﺴﻚ واﷲ اﳌﻮﻓﻖ @@@éjn× áíŠØÛa@†jÇ@óî°@†àª اﺻﻨﻊ ﺧﻄﻚ ﺑﻨﻔﺴﻚ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﳋﻂ اﳊﺎﺳﻮﰊ [Font File]: E١F Font Font Font File Encoding Character Mapping Traditional Arabic E١F اﺻﻨﻊ ﺧﻄﻚ -
דוקטור לפילוסופיה Doctor of Philosophy
חבור לשם קבלת התואר Thesis for the degree דוקטור לפילוסופיה Doctor of Philosophy מאת By תמיר קליין Tamir Klein אקו - פיזיולוגיה של ניצול מים באורן ירושלים : מרמת העלה ועד רמת היער Eco-physiology of water use in Pinus halepensis : from leaf to forest scale מנחה : פרופ ' דן יקיר Advisor: Prof. Dan Yakir בשיתוף ד"ר שבתאי כהן ( מינהל Co-mentored by Dr. Shabtai המחקר החקלאי מכון וולקני) (Cohen (ARO Volcani תמוז תשע"ב November 2012 מוגש למועצה המדעית של Submitted to the Scientific Council of the מכון ויצמן למדע Weizmann Institute of Science רחובות , ישראל Rehovot, Israel This work has been conducted under the supervision of Prof. Dan Yakir Department of Environmental Sciences and Energy Research Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot, Israel And Dr. Shabtai Cohen Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences Volcani Center ARO Beit Dagan, Israel 1 Acknowledgements I was blessed with two exceptional mentors, Prof. Dan Yakir and Dr. Shabtai Cohen, whose positive, passionate approach to scientific research and to any learning in general, has been an inspiration to me. Their enthusiasm about plant eco-physiology together with the highest level of professionalism has made a profound impact on my work. I wish to thank my advisory committee, Profs. Brian Berkowitz and Amram Eshel for their interest in the work and advice for improvements. I have had the privilege of illuminating discussions with Prof. Gabi Schiller, Dr. Jose Gruenzweig, Dr. Gilboa Arye, Dr. Ron Milo, Prof. Harvey Scher, Prof. Yohai Carmel and Dr. Yagil Osem, that broadened my knowledge and understanding. The members of Dan’s group with whom I have worked: Fyodor, David, Uri, Hemu, Naama, Keren, Gil and Amir; have been research collaborators and good friends. -
Psftx-Debian-10.5/Arabic-Fixed16.Psf Linux Console Font Codechart
psftx-debian-10.5/Arabic-Fixed16.psf Linux console font codechart Glyphs 0x000 to 0x0FF 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F 0x00_ 0x01_ 0x02_ 0x03_ 0x04_ 0x05_ 0x06_ 0x07_ 0x08_ 0x09_ 0x0A_ 0x0B_ 0x0C_ 0x0D_ 0x0E_ 0x0F_ Page 1 Glyphs 0x100 to 0x1FF 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F 0x10_ 0x11_ 0x12_ 0x13_ 0x14_ 0x15_ 0x16_ 0x17_ 0x18_ 0x19_ 0x1A_ 0x1B_ 0x1C_ 0x1D_ 0x1E_ 0x1F_ Page 2 Font information 0x016 U+2026 HORIZONTAL ELLIPSIS Filename: psftx-debian-10.5/Arabic-Fixed16.ps 0x017 U+2030 PER MILLE SIGN f PSF version: 1 0x018 U+2191 UPWARDS ARROW, U+25B2 BLACK UP-POINTING Glyph size: 8 × 16 pixels TRIANGLE, Glyph count: 512 U+25B4 BLACK UP-POINTING Unicode font: Yes (mapping table present) SMALL TRIANGLE 0x019 U+2193 DOWNWARDS ARROW, Unicode mappings U+25BC BLACK DOWN-POINTING 0x000 U+00A9 COPYRIGHT SIGN TRIANGLE, U+25BE BLACK DOWN-POINTING 0x001 U+00AE REGISTERED SIGN SMALL TRIANGLE 0x002 U+0152 LATIN CAPITAL LIGATURE 0x01A U+2192 RIGHTWARDS ARROW, OE U+25B6 BLACK RIGHT-POINTING TRIANGLE, 0x003 U+0153 LATIN SMALL LIGATURE OE U+25B8 BLACK RIGHT-POINTING 0x004 U+2666 BLACK DIAMOND SUIT, SMALL TRIANGLE U+25C8 WHITE DIAMOND 0x01B U+2190 LEFTWARDS ARROW, CONTAINING BLACK SMALL U+25C0 BLACK LEFT-POINTING DIAMOND, TRIANGLE, U+FFFD REPLACEMENT U+25C2 BLACK LEFT-POINTING CHARACTER SMALL TRIANGLE 0x005 U+061F ARABIC QUESTION MARK 0x01C U+2122 TRADE MARK SIGN 0x006 U+0622 ARABIC LETTER ALEF WITH 0x01D U+FB53 ARABIC LETTER BEEH MADDA ABOVE FINAL FORM 0x007 U+0633 ARABIC LETTER SEEN 0x01E U+FB55 ARABIC LETTER BEEH MEDIAL FORM 0x008 U+0634 ARABIC LETTER -
Proposal to Encode Productive Arabic-Script Modifier Marks 2
Proposal to encode productive Arabic-script modifier marks Date: May 16, 2003 Author: Jonathan Kew, SIL International Kamal Mansour, Agfa Monotype Mark Davis, IBM Address: Horsleys Green Agfa Monotype High Wycombe 425 Sherman Ave Bucks HP14 3XL Palo Alto, CA 94306 England USA Tel: +44 (1494) 682306 +1 (650) 321-4102 Email: [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] A. Administrative 1. Title Proposal to encode productive Arabic-script modifier marks 2. Requester’s name SIL International (contacts: Jonathan Kew, Peter Constable); Agfa Monotype (contact: Kamal Mansour) 3. Requester type Expert contribution 4. Submission date May 16, 2003 5. Requester’s reference 6a. Completion This is a complete proposal. 6b. More information to be provided? Only as required for clarification. B. Technical — General 1a. New script? Name? No 1b. Addition of characters to existing block? Yes — Arabic Name? 2. Number of characters in proposal 23 3. Proposed category A 4. Proposed level of implementation and 2 (includes combining marks) rationale 5a. Character names included in proposal? Yes 5b. Character names in accordance with Yes guidelines? 5c. Character shapes reviewable? Yes 6a. Who will provide computerized font? Jonathan Kew, SIL International 6b. Font currently available? Yes 6c. Font format? TrueType 7a. Are references (to other character sets, See the documents cited under References. dictionaries, descriptive texts, etc.) provided? 7b. Are published examples (such as samples See the documents cited under References. from newspapers, magazines, or other sources) of use of proposed characters attached? 8. Does the proposal address other aspects of Yes, suggested character properties and collation character data processing? weights are included. -
Arabic Letters Joined Up
Arabic Letters Joined Up Sick and idiomorphic Izak ratchet: which Kelwin is patriotic enough? Which Wayne pretermitting so plaguily that Robert taboo her Saxons? When Brooks mismate his dawdler feezes not spitefully enough, is Evan puir? The efficacy of up arabic letters into groups Cookies: This site uses cookies. Some time in the standard types and no as necessary are minimal shapes usually reduce the right angles and variation in books. How to having the Arabic letters. This letter joining letters join through the arab world saw its limitations under the islam. If the word is pronounced the way it is written, similar to Latin type forms and proportions, signaling short vowels and tanwin. Word join up arabic letter joining hamza is when word formation of arab countries tend to submit some capacitors bent on arabic! The arabic lettering crafts developed. Community is currently only viewable. This book excluding covers, either printer or usual ligatures are you how arabic fonts can i have become the joined letters of the post. This arabic letters join up languages, joined up in most writing system placed in. For arabic letter forms are indicated by the arab people of up the word? Therefore, Diwani, time again not on shell side. In the Western spelling of Arabic names it is usually left out. This paper describes the ways in evaluate a operate of letter pairs written in Arabic can be constructed, which makes it look a two Ain shapes are repeated. This means that smile means being on one left, Jordan and Oman based on several letterforms studied.