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BLBK708-bind BLBK708-Christian December 13, 2017 15:5 Printer Name: Trim: 244mm × 170mm INDEX Page numbers referring to items in figures, maps, and tables are indicated by the suffix f, m or t respectively. Abdullah Khan II (r. 1583–1598), government control, 325, 353, Alexei, Tsar (r. 1645–1676), 148, 107, 108 457, 461, 480 149, 157, 158, 160, 164 Abul-Khayr, Khan (r. 1429–1467), innovation, 437 Alghu, Khan, 27, 31 61–63, 107 irrigation, 6 Algirdas (Olgerd) Prince of Afro-Eurasia land seizures, 321 Lithuania (r. 1345–1377), 75 global integration after 1500, 97 limits on growth, 6, 162, 246, 252, Altan Khan (d. 1582), 100–104, 186 human societies in 1250, 3 480, 483 Americas trade circuits pre-1500, 4m Northerliness and, xxvm agriculture, 144 agrarian regions “organic energy regime”, 233 European diseases, 143 advances after 1500, 119, 203, organization of, 218, 350 fur trade, 289 569 productivity, xxvim, xxvm, 77, global integration after 1500, 97 agrarian crisis in Russia, 247 485, 569 human societies in 1250, 3 agrarian societies in 16th century, railways as market drivers of pastoralism, 192 119–138 growth, 247 Russian colonization, 289 balance of power with slavery and, 275 smychka, 192 nomadic/pastoral regions, 18, spread of, 144, 186, 569 trade with, 74, 155 77, 114, 145 support for, 8, 58, 108, 110, 186, Amur river, Khabarov expedition to in Central Asia, 29 187, 188, 242, 300 (1650’s), 180 after Golden Horde, 76–78 Akkerman, Ottoman capture of Anatolia Islam, 33 (1484), 120 and Basmachi movement, 408 mobilization, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16f, Alaska, 289 Ceshme, battle of (1770), 212 18, 77, 106 Alexander I, Tsar (r.
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