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The Performance Analysis of Public Transport Operators in Tunisia

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The Performance Analysis of Public Transport Operators in Tunisia Global Journal of Management and Business Research: G Interdisciplinary Volume 16 Issue 1 Version 1.0 Year 2016 Type: Double Blind Peer Reviewed International Research Journal Publisher: Global Journals Inc. (USA) Online ISSN: 2249-4588 & Print ISSN: 0975-5853 The Performance Analysis of Public Transport Operators in Tunisia using Er Approach By Younes Boujelbene & Ahmed Derbel Ab stract- The public transport sector in Tunisia has experienced economic, social and financial difficulties. The declining of the revenue shortfalls and the increased of public expenditure are the critical observed phenomenon. Our research is meant to discover the weaknesses, to find a practical solution and to improve the performance of the public transport sector by improving the performance of regional urban operators. For this reason, we have developed a model of performance that which ensures the comparisons between different operators working in similar conditions. This step is running by method of multi-criteria decision, appointed, Evidential Reasoning Approach (ER). This approach is proposed to deal with uncertain decision knowledge in multiple-attribute decision making (MADM) problems with both quantitative and qualitative attributes under uncertainties. Keywords: evidential reasoning approach, intelligent decision-making, information and knowledge management, traffic engineering, public transport operator, quantitative and qualitative assasement. GJMBR - G Classification : JEL Code : L91 ThePerformanceAnalysisofPublicTransportOperatorsinTunisiausingErApproach Strictly as per the compliance and regulations of: © 2016. Younes Boujelbene & Ahmed Derbel. This is a research/review paper, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), permitting all non- commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The Performance Analysis of Public Transport Operators in Tunisia using Er Approach Younes Boujelbene α & Ahmed Derbel σ Abstract- The public transport sector in Tunisia has ment of evaluation indicators and monitoring service experienced economic, social and financial difficulties. The utility helps us to ensure good governance in resources declining of the revenue shortfalls and the increased of public management and to control expenditure budget. In this expenditure are the critical observed phenomenon. Our context, we examined the scope and objectives of the research is meant to discover the weaknesses, to find a transport policy in urban planning area, for the 2016 practical solution and to improve the performance of the public transport sector by improving the performance of regional development of a model of competition between various regional public transport operators. This step is ear urban operators. For this reason, we have developed a model Y of performance that which ensures the comparisons between managed by specific decision tools appointed, different operators working in similar conditions. This step is Evidential Reasoning Approach. 1 running by method of multi-criteria decision, appointed, In this paper, we proposed six section, for the Evidential Reasoning Approach (ER). This approach is second section, a literature review has been defined for proposed to deal with uncertain decision knowledge in the MCDM problem applied in the analysis of transport multiple-attribute decision making (MADM) problems with both sector. The third and fourth section, we indicated the quantitative and qualitative attributes under uncertainties. It mission of public transport operators in Tunisia urban, has been developed for supporting such decision analysis and the kernel of ER algorithm is based on the framework of we mentioned, the issues and the challenges that hinder the evidence combination rule of the Dempster–Shafer (D–S) the development of this sector, we developed also a theory. Therefore, we worked on a database that contains performance model that it ensures the competition qualitative and quantitative data. For assessing different type between different regional operators. The fifth section is of data, the evaluation grades may needs to be defined to characterized to define the ER method and the facilitate data collection and the decision may be made using advantage of using this theory. Finally, we fixed a the technique of aggregation attributes and utility function via conclusion with practical results that help us to find the ) ER approach. best company exploits the road network. G Keywords: evidential reasoning approach, intelligent ( decision-making, information and knowledge II. Literature Review management, traffic engineering, public transport operator, quantitative and qualitative assasement. The MCDM, Multi-Criteria Decision Making, was developed to facilitate the process of decision making. It I. Introduction is a discipline which has a relatively short history, about 40 years, and over 70 MCDM techniques have been he field of road transport in Tunisia is very large, developed, the most popular use in the transport sector, giving the diversity in institutional authorities and we have indicated, the methods with multi-attributes, T the different urban companies operators. The such as (AHP, MAUT, MAVT, SMART, SMARTER, VISA) major concerns of the public operators converges for and methods of classification (PROMETHEE, some theme for examples, ensuring the easy access to ELECTRE). These methods have been designed to different functions of the city as well as the displacement solve the problems of decision making. However, it is of persons and goods, reducing the individual motor important to choose the most appropriate theory vehicle transport and limiting the adverse traffic effect on because the unsuitable method always leads to human health. Therefore, the public urban transport has misleading and ineffective design decisions. So the an important role to play in the implementation of these choice of MCDM methods is a complex issue and policies, but the public transport sector in Tunisia knows should be handled with caution. Our research is a series of very serious economic difficulties and essentially based on combining the various indicators financial crisis preventing the sustainable development. applied in urban transport with to aim of finding the most Global Journal of Management and Business Research Volume XVI Issue I Version The performance analysis has become an essential efficient operator who exploits the road network. In the element in the public transport companies. However, the literature, we found a number of researches that have performance concept is extended. It covers at the same developed the problems of performance. Generally, it time; the costs, the transport quality, the user can be classified into three categories: environmental, satisfaction and the financial results. Also, the establish- social and economic. In addition, the performance Author α σ : Faculty of Economics and Management (FSEG) of Sfax, B.P. analysis has been developed by several researchers, we 3018 Sfax, Tunisia. e-mail: [email protected] mentioned (Nash, 2011)1 research, which measures the ©2016 Global Journals Inc. (US) The Performance Analysis of Public Transport Operators in Tunisia using Er Approach performance in the regional rail services, (Augustin & derived from topographical elements. They showed the Walter, 2010; Hensher & Wallice, 2005)2,3 too, ER approach provided an efficient measurement for developed the performance problem for the bus data association between tracks and detections. networks. Similarly, many studies have dealt with the subject of performance for the public transport III. The Issues the Tunisia Urban Public networks, we have indicated for example the study of Transport Policies: the Necessity to (TRB, 2014)4 and (Ebola & Mazzulla, 2012)5. They Improve Performance proposed a good synthesis of the literature on measuring the public transport network performance. We will analyze in this part the issues and the The proposed indicators covered different areas, the challenges of the public transport sector in Tunisia. We economic criteria (investment and operation will show also what are the problems and the failures of management), the service quality (availability, travel public transport operators found, despite the efforts time, safety and reliability) and the impacts on the done to improve the performance. 2016 community (environment, urban development, the traffic congestion) (TRB, 2014)4. After a thorough analysis, we a) Increased fleet and congestion of cities ear Y get an interesting summary on the measures the The congestion road is an imbalance results in performance of public transport, it has been proposed a point and a specific moment between the demand 2 by (Schlossberg, Meyer, dill, & Ma, 2013)6, in order to and supply. The public transport always seeks to restore gather all these key indicators. Also, the quality of the balance on the one part, improving the supply service undoubtedly provided the area with the largest through the construction of the main and/or secondary number of available indicator, such as the frequency, roads, and increasing the capacity of network, on the reliability, comfort, speed, safety and availability (Eboli & other part, decrease the demand through strict mechanisms, such as penalizing motorists via toll Mazzulla 2012; Sheth, Triantis & Teodorovic, 2007)5,7. In addition, the efficiency and effectiveness
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