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WRAP Theses Cutmore 2019.Pdf A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of PhD at the University of Warwick Permanent WRAP URL: http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/132229 Copyright and reuse: This thesis is made available online and is protected by original copyright. Please scroll down to view the document itself. Please refer to the repository record for this item for information to help you to cite it. Our policy information is available from the repository home page. For more information, please contact the WRAP Team at: [email protected] warwick.ac.uk/lib-publications Puritan Affective Culture: Emotional Identities and the Publications of Samuel Clarke (1599-1682) by Martyn R. J. Cutmore A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History University of Warwick Department of History February 2019 Table of Contents List of tables, figures and images .............................................................................. iii Acknowledgements and declaration .......................................................................... iv Abstract ....................................................................................................................... v Note to reader ............................................................................................................. vi Abbreviations ............................................................................................................ vi Introduction ............................................................................................. 1 I - Puritanism and Emotions History – Orientation ....................................... 5 a. The History of Emotions and Emotions History .......................... 6 b. Puritanism - Questions of Definition .......................................... 11 c. A Culture of Affect ..................................................................... 17 i. Historiographical Contentions ........................................ 17 ii. Affective Complexities ................................................. 22 II - Approaches ............................................................................................ 24 a. Historical Focus - Clarke's Texts ................................................ 24 b. Conceptual Methodology ........................................................... 27 III - Chapter Outline .................................................................................... 33 Part One: Communities ........................................................................ 37 Chapter One: The Odious Name of Presbyterian ..................................... 38 Chapter Two: Clarke and his Community ................................................ 63 I - Samuel Clarke and Presbyterian Orthodoxy: Orientation ....................... 65 II - Ministry and the Godly Community ...................................................... 67 III- Community and Dissension ................................................................... 74 IV - Authorial Ministry: The Community of Print ...................................... 80 Part Two: Emotional Construction ..................................................... 86 Chapter Three: A Performative Vocabulary ............................................ 87 I - Being Earnest .......................................................................................... 90 II- Emotive Glossaries ............................................................................... 102 a. Church History and Lexical Performativity: Clarke v Heylyn . 103 b. The Vocabulary of Emotional Community .............................. 113 Chapter Four: Cultural Narratives and Tender Hearts ........................ 122 I - Narrative, Memory and Emotion .......................................................... 124 II - Tender and Stony Hearts ..................................................................... 129 III - Dying Miserably ................................................................................. 132 IV - A Good Death .................................................................................... 136 V - Toleration and 'Trembling Hearts' ....................................................... 144 i Part Three: Typology ......................................................................... 150 Chapter Five: Rational Affections and Unruly Passions ....................... 151 I - Godly Emotion ...................................................................................... 153 II - Corruption ............................................................................................ 158 III - Mortification ....................................................................................... 161 Chapter Six: 'Twixt Sorrow and Joy' - Emotion Prototypes ................. 167 I - Grief ...................................................................................................... 169 II - Godly Sorrow ....................................................................................... 173 III - Joy and Happiness .............................................................................. 176 IV - Ashamed and Happy .......................................................................... 182 V - Holy Anger .......................................................................................... 184 VI - Fear, Love and Despair ...................................................................... 191 Part Four: Social Affect and Individuality ....................................... 199 Chapter Seven: Consumption ................................................................... 200 I - Affect in Public ..................................................................................... 201 II - Affect in Private ................................................................................... 206 a. Biography and Self-Writing ...................................................... 209 b. Affected Readers ...................................................................... 211 Chapter Eight: Emotional Community and Individual Identity ........... 222 I - Nehemiah Wallington: Corruption and the Emotional Community ..... 227 II - The Sufferings of Katherine Clarke ..................................................... 235 III - Wallington and the Emotional Regime .............................................. 241 IV - The Neuroticism of Ralph Josselin .................................................... 244 Conclusion ........................................................................................... 251 Appendices Appendix One: Timeline of Clarke's Work ............................................................ 263 Appendix Two: Key Concepts ................................................................................ 265 Appendix Three: Hierarchical Cluster Analysis of 135 Emotion Names ............... 268 Appendix Four: 'Principle Things', in Clarke's Martyrologies ............................... 270 Appendix Five: The Character of a Happy Life by Henry Wotton ........................ 272 Bibliography ................................................................................................................ 273 ii List of tables, figures, and images Table 1: A Numerical Lexical Analysis from the Indexes of Clarke's Lives .......... 105 Table 2: Positive and Negative Affective Potentialities in Clarke's Martyrologies ........................................................................................................... 107 Table 3: Modifiers used to describe 'Principal Things' ........................................... 109 Table 4: Peter Heylyn, Aerius Redivivus - Pejorative Contents Vocabulary and Textual Incidence .......................................... 111 Table 5: Principal Themes in the Contents of the Sermons of Robert Sanderson .. 115 Table 6: Analysis of Key Terms from the Writings of George Fox the Younger .. 118 Figure 1: The Martyrdom of the Maccabees, from Clarke, A Generall Martyrologie (1677 edn), Fig. 1. .................................................................................................... 140 Photographic Image: Hall's Annotations, John Goodwin, Twelve Considerable Serious Cautions (1646), THL 094/C27. (Photograph by permission of Dr Denise Thomas and The Library of Birmingham) .............................................................. 218 iii Acknowledgements I am grateful and indebted to many people in general, and several in particular. Firstly, I owe enormous thanks to my supervisor Professor Mark Knights who gave me the confidence to embark on this project and the reassurance to complete it. I have been very fortunate to have the guidance, support and advice of a major scholar and inspirational teacher. His patience and generosity with time, profound insight, deep knowledge and absolute professionalism, have motivated, encouraged and challenged (in a good way) the direction and scope of my work. Within the History Department at the University of Warwick, I am grateful to Sheilagh Holmes for helping to organise the student-led Early Modern and Eighteenth Century working group, and to the stalwarts of that group, David Fletcher and Ruth Barbour. Our discussions certainly helped me to initiate ideas and develop the confidence to articulate my material. I want to thank Professor David Anderson who, as Director of Postgraduate Studies, helped me to find my feet as a mature student returning to study after many years; he provided friendly and professional support,
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