Environmental, Cultural, Economic, and Social Sustainability
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Social Sustainability: a Comparison of Case Studies in UK, USA and Australia
17th Pacific Rim Real Estate Society Conference, Gold Coast, 16-19 Jan 2011 Social Sustainability: A Comparison of Case Studies in UK, USA and Australia Michael Y MAK and Clinton J PEACOCK School of Architecture and Built Environment The University of Newcastle, Australia Abstract Traditionally, the sustainable development concept emphasizes on environmental areas such as waste and recycling, energy efficiency, water resource, building design, carbon emission, and aims to eliminate negative environmental impact while continuing to be completely ecologically sustainable through skilful and sensitive design. However, contemporarily sustainable development also implies an improvement in the quality of life through education, justice, community participation, and recreation. Recently social sustainability has gained an increased awareness as a fundamental component of sustainable development to encompass human rights, labour rights, and corporate governance. The goals of social sustainability are that future generations should have the same or greater access to social resources as the current generation. This paper aims to reveal the level of focus a development has in meeting social sustainable goals, success factors for a development, and planning a development now and into the future from a socially orientated perspective. This paper examines the characteristics of social sustainable developments through the comparison of three case studies: the Thames Gateway in east of London, UK, the Sonoma Mountain Village in north of San Francisco, -
Summary of the Report : Onboard Employment Socio-Economic Impact of a Sustainable Fisheries Model
Summary of the report : Onboard employment Socio-economic impact of a sustainable fisheries model. greenpeace.es Index Introduction 3 Methodology 5 Sustainable fisheries model 7 Supporting low scale sustainable fisheries Phasing out of destructive fishing technique Extending the network of marine reserves Moving towards converting deep sea fishing to sustainability Limiting aquaculture operations Developing measures to inform and raise awareness in consumers Complying with biological optimums Controlling pollution in coastal areas Main Results: 13 Global impact on the economy and jobs Impact of the model by sectors of activity Reversing the job loss trend of the current fisheries model Characteristics of employment in fishing communities and the rest of the economy. Type of jobs created in the economy as a whole Conclusions Greenpeace Demands 22 Glossary 24 2 ONBOARD EMPLOYMENT. Introduction European fisheries are facing an The new Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) The reportOnboard employment: unsustainable situation in which regulation approved in May 2013 and Socio-economic impact of a sustainable previously rich, diverse fish effective from January 1st 2014, offers fisheries model proposes a series of the chance to eliminate overfishing measures to be implemented between populations have been decimated and provide an economically viable and 2014 and 2024 and analyses the effects to a fraction of their original size, environmentally sustainable option for they would have on the economy and giving rise to an ecological, social fishermen -
Assessing the Social Sustainability of Supply Chains Using Best Worst Method
Assessing the social sustainability of supply chains using Best Worst Method Hadi Badri Ahmadi (Corresponding author) School of Management Science and Engineering Dalian University of Technology No. 2 Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District Dalian Liaoning Province (116023), P.R of China E-mail: [email protected] Simonov Kusi-Sarpong School of Management Science and Engineering Dalian University of Technology No. 2 Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District Dalian Liaoning Province (116023), P.R of China Eco-Engineering and Management Consult Limited 409 Abafum Avenue TI’s - Adentan, Accra-Ghana E-mail: [email protected] Jafar Rezaei Faculty of Technology, Policy and Management Delft University of Technology 2628 BX Delft, the Netherlands E-mail: [email protected] 1 Assessing the social sustainability of supply chains using Best Worst Method Abstract – A truly sustainable organization needs to take the economic, environmental and social dimensions of sustainability into account. Although the economic and environmental dimensions of sustainability have been examined by many scholars and practitioners, thus far, the social dimension has been received less attention in literature and in practice, in particular in developing countries. Social sustainability enables other sustainability initiatives and overlooking this dimension can have a serious adverse impact across supply chains. To address this issue, this study proposes a framework for investigating the social sustainability of supply chains in manufacturing companies. To show the applicability and efficiency of the proposed framework, a sample of 38 experts was used to evaluate and prioritize social sustainability criteria, using a multi-criteria decision-making method called the ‘best worst method’ (BWM). The criteria are ranked according to their average weight obtained through BWM. -
(ESG) Update Supporting Sustainable Growth April 2018 2 Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) Update HSBC Holdings Plc
HSBC Holdings plc Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) Update Supporting sustainable growth April 2018 2 Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) Update HSBC Holdings plc Hong Kong Stock Code: 5 HSBC Holdings plc Incorporated in England on 1 January 1959 with limited liability under the UK Companies Act Registered in England: number 617987 Our cover image The Singapore Supertrees are a cluster of large tree-like structures constructed in the heart of Singapore. Many of the Supertrees are embedded with environmentally sustainable functions – including generating solar energy, collecting rainwater, and acting as vertical gardens with more than 150,000 plants. These innovative structures create a green respite in the centre of the urban centre. Our photo competition winners The cover of this report showcases one of the images taken by one of our employees. The image was selected from more than 2,100 submissions to a Group-wide photography competition. Launched in June 2017, HSBC NOW Photo is an ongoing project that encourages our people to capture and share the diverse world around them with a camera. Contents 3 Contents 1 Group Chief Executive’s statement 5 2 Customers 8 3 Employees 21 4 Supporting sustainable growth 28 5 Governance 37 6 Links and information 41 4 Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) Update HSBC Holdings plc About The information set out in this document, taken together with the information relating to ESG issues detailed in our HSBC Holdings plc Annual Report and Accounts 2017 and the information available in the links below, aims to provide you with key ESG information and data relevant to our operations for the year ended 31 December 2017 and in order to comply with the Environmental, Social and Governance Reporting Guide contained in Appendix 27 to The Rules Governing the Listing of Securities on the Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited (‘ESG Guide’). -
Assessing the Role of Carbon Dioxide Removal in Companies' Climate
Net Expectations Assessing the role of carbon dioxide removal in companies’ climate plans. Briefing by Greenpeace UK January 2021 ~ While a few companies plan to deliver CDR Executive in specific projects, many plan to simply purchase credits on carbon markets, summary which have been beset with integrity problems and dubious accounting, even where certified. To stabilise global temperatures at any level – whether 1.5˚C, 2˚C, 3˚C or 5˚C Limits and uncertainties – carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions must The IPCC warns that reliance on CDR is a major reach net zero at some point, because risk to humanity’s ability to achieve the Paris goals. of CO2’s long-term, cumulative effect. The uncertainties are not whether mechanisms to remove CO2 “work”: they all work in a laboratory According to the Intergovernmental at least. Rather, it is whether they can be delivered Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), at scale, with sufficient funding and regulation, to store CO2 over the long term without unacceptable limiting warming to 1.5˚C requires net- social and environmental impacts. zero CO2 to be reached by about 2050. To illustrate the need for regulation, the carbon A small proportion of emissions is likely to be dioxide captured by forests is highly dependent on unavoidable and must be offset by carbon dioxide their specific circumstances, including their removal (CDR), such as by tree-planting (afforestation/ species diversity, the prior land use, and future reforestation) or by technological approaches like risks to the forest (such as fires or pests). In some bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) cases, forests and BECCS can increase rather than or direct air carbon capture with storage (DACCS). -
A Sustainable (Culture Protecting) Tourism Indicator for Cultural and Environmental Heritage Tourism Initiatives
Asian Journal of Tourism Research Vol. 1, No. 2, December 2016, pp. 101-144 https: doi.org 10.12982 AJTR.2016.0017 A Sustainable (Culture Protecting) Tourism Indicator for Cultural and Environmental Heritage Tourism Initiatives David Lempert* Abstract: This article restores the international community’s goals for cultural sustainability and cultural protections in the context of tourism where it has been replaced by a concept of “sustainable tourism” that promotes exploitation of cultural resources but does little to protect and promote cultures and their environments. The article offers an indicator for screening government initiatives in cultural and environmental heritage tourism to assure that they meet the standards that are part of a global consensus in international laws and declarations. It offers a test of New Zealand Aid’s Tourism Project in Laos as an example of how the indicator can be used to expose failures in this field. Keywords: Tourism, Sustainability, Cultural Heritage, Environment Introduction There is a fundamental paradox at the heart of international tourism and efforts to protect it through “sustainable tourism” initiatives. While the attraction of international tourism is the value placed on cultural and environmental differences that are recognized and protected by a long list of international laws and treaties, the actual impacts of tourism, globalization and “growth” are to destroy cultural diversity and environments. While international organizations have created sets of standards and protections for “sustainable tourism”, the impact of these recommendations has been negligible. Placed together, the facts are startling. - Statistics suggest that one tenth of global GDP now comes from tourism and roughly the same amount of the global labor force (9%) works in tourism (Sharpley 2009, p.4). -
Archives De Pierre Buser
Fonds Pierre Buser (1921-2013) Centre d’Archives en Philosophie, Histoire et Édition des Sciences (UMS3610, CNRS-ENS Paris) Fonds Pierre Buser (1921-2013) Plan de l’inventaire : Informations liminaires I. Carrière (PB 1.1) II. Textes de Pierre Buser (PB 1.2-PB 4) III. Cours de Pierre Buser (PB 5.1-PB 5.3) IV. Journées d’études (PB 5.4-PB 6.8) V. Correspondance (PB 6.9-PB 7.5) VI. Documentation de travail (PB 7.6-PB 19.4) Index des noms cités dans l’inventaire CAPHÉS -2018 Page 1 Fonds Pierre Buser (1921-2013) Biographie : Notice issue du site de l’Académie des sciences Pierre Buser, né le 19 août 1921 est décédé le 29 décembre 2013. Il avait été élu correspondant de l'Académie le 4 février 1980, puis membre le 6 juin 1988 dans la section actuellement dénommée Biologie intégrative. Ancien élève de l'École normale supérieure, il était professeur émérite à l'Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie. Neurophysiologiste, il fut un des fondateurs, en France et dans le monde, de la physiologie intégrative moderne du système nerveux. Il appartenait à l'École de neurophysiologie du comportement qui poursuit ses investigations dans le champ de la psychophysiologie et des fonctions infiniment complexes du cerveau. Avec lui, c'est le maître de toute une génération de neurobiologistes qui [a disparu]. Pierre Buser a consacré ses travaux à la neurophysiologie et à la psychophysiologie. Il [a poursuivi] ses investigations dans le champ infiniment complexe des fonctions du cerveau. Les travaux de Pierre Buser se sont de façon permanente centrés autour des activités électrophysiologiques du cerveau, comme marqueurs de son activité, en liaison avec le comportement de l’animal. -
Attention Modulates Maintenance of Representations in Visual Short-Term Memory
Attention Modulates Maintenance of Representations in Visual Short-term Memory Bo-Cheng Kuo, Mark G. Stokes, and Anna Christina Nobre Downloaded from http://mitprc.silverchair.com/jocn/article-pdf/24/1/51/1780230/jocn_a_00087.pdf by MIT Libraries user on 17 May 2021 Abstract ■ Recent studies have shown that selective attention is of consid- retrospective cues during the maintenance period could predict a erable importance for encoding task-relevant items into visual specific item (spatial retrocue) or multiple items (neutral retrocue) short-term memory (VSTM) according to our behavioral goals. thatwouldbeprobedattheendofthememorydelay.Ourresults However, it is not known whether top–down attentional biases revealed that VSTM performance is significantly improved by ori- can continue to operate during the maintenance period of VSTM. enting attention to the location of a task-relevant item. The behav- We used ERPs to investigate this question across two experiments. ioral benefit was accompanied by modulation of neural activity Specifically, we tested whether orienting attention to a given spa- involved in VSTM maintenance. Spatial retrocues reduced the tial location within a VSTM representation resulted in modulation magnitude of the CDA, consistent with a reduction in memory of the contralateral delay activity (CDA), a lateralized ERP marker load. Our results provide direct evidence that top–down control of VSTM maintenance generated when participants selectively modulates neural activity associated with maintenance in VSTM, encode memory -
Dissociable Prior Influences of Signal Probability and Relevance on Visual Contrast Sensitivity
Correction PSYCHOLOGICAL AND COGNITIVE SCIENCES Correction for “Dissociable prior influences of signal probability and relevance on visual contrast sensitivity,” by Valentin Wyart, Anna Christina Nobre, and Christopher Summerfield, which appeared in issue 9, February 28, 2012, of Proc Natl Acad Sci USA (109:3593–3598; first published February 13, 2012; 10.1073/ pnas.1120118109). The authors note that on page 3597, right column, the third equation (for soft threshold nonlinearity) appeared incorrectly. The corrected equation appears below: x Γ½x ¼ x þ α − exp α www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.1204601109 6354 | PNAS | April 17, 2012 | vol. 109 | no. 16 www.pnas.org Downloaded by guest on September 30, 2021 Dissociable prior influences of signal probability and relevance on visual contrast sensitivity Valentin Wyarta,1, Anna Christina Nobrea,b, and Christopher Summerfielda aDepartment of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3UD, United Kingdom; and bOxford Centre for Human Brain Activity, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford OX3 7JX, United Kingdom Edited by Ranulfo Romo, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, DF, Mexico, and approved January 18, 2012 (received for review December 7, 2011) According to signal detection theoretical analyses, visual signals increasing the baseline activity of signal-selective units or by occurring at a cued location are detected more accurately, whereas shifting the observer’s decision criterion toward one of the two frequently occurring ones are reported more often but are not better responses. However, the binary classification of stimuli as signal- − distinguished from noise. However, conventional analyses that present (S+) and signal-absent (S ) used by conventional SDT estimate sensitivity and bias by comparing true- and false-positive analyses makes it difficult to arbitrate between these different rates offer limited insights into the mechanisms responsible for these possibilities, for a number of reasons. -
Exploration of Effective Communication Strategies to Encourage People to Eat Less Meat in Order to Address Climate Change
MASTER THESIS By Lena Johanning M.Sc. Nachhaltigkeitsgeographie University of Greifswald 6. Semester (WiSe 2015/16) Matrikelnr.: 128180 Contact: [email protected] Promoter: Prof. Dr. Susanne Stoll- Kleemann P.D. Annick Hedlund-de Witt Due date: 06. Oct. 2015 EXPLORATION OF EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES TO ENCOURAGE PEOPLE TO EAT LESS MEAT IN ORDER TO ADDRESS CLIMATE CHANGE “As the world begins seriously to take stock of the true cost of our food consumption—especially meat—the need to find powerful forces within ourselves and our cultures to help us change becomes more urgent” (Palmer, 2010). I Preface This Master thesis project builds on and carries forward a case study that was embedded in an internship in the research group Biotechnology and the Society (BTS) at TU Delft in the Netherlands, between October 2014 and March 2015. The case study “Meat consumption and climate change-an inconvenient couple? - How to communicate the high efficacy to eat less meat to combat climate change to the public in order that it raises interest?” explores and gives a proposal of a communication strategy that closes the knowledge gap of the high efficacy to eat less meat as a climate change mitigation option, in a way that it raises interest and encourages positive change. Further, this strategy was tested by a qualitative evaluation of students, to investigate if it achieves its objectives (Johanning L., 2015). Abstract This Master thesis project explores effective communication strategies to encourage people to eat less meat, in order to address climate change. Thereby, the study carries out two methodologies of designing an exemplary campaign, based on a literature review and conducting qualitative expert interviews to explore effective communication strategies, by discussing the proposed exemplary campaign. -
Imagining a Brighter Future the Effect of Positive Imagery Training on Mood, Prospective Mental Imagery and Emotional Bias in O
Author’s Accepted Manuscript Imagining a brighter future: The effect of positive imagery training on mood, prospective mental imagery and emotional bias in older adults Susannah E. Murphy, M. Clare O’Donoghue, Erin H.S. Drazich, Simon E. Blackwell, Anna Christina Nobre, Emily A. Holmes www.elsevier.com/locate/psychres PII: S0165-1781(15)00516-8 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2015.07.059 Reference: PSY9111 To appear in: Psychiatry Research Received date: 17 October 2014 Revised date: 3 July 2015 Accepted date: 19 July 2015 Cite this article as: Susannah E. Murphy, M. Clare O’Donoghue, Erin H.S. Drazich, Simon E. Blackwell, Anna Christina Nobre and Emily A. Holmes, Imagining a brighter future: The effect of positive imagery training on mood, prospective mental imagery and emotional bias in older adults, Psychiatry Research, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2015.07.059 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting galley proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. Imagining a brighter future: the effect of positive imagery training on mood, prospective mental imagery and emotional bias in older adults Susannah E. Murphya *, M. Clare O’Donoghuea, Erin H. S. Drazicha, Simon E. -
The Functional Consequences of Social Distraction: Attention And
Cognition 158 (2017) 215–223 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Cognition journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/COGNIT Original Articles The functional consequences of social distraction: Attention and memory for complex scenes ⇑ Brianna Ruth Doherty a, Eva Zita Patai a,b, Mihaela Duta a, Anna Christina Nobre a,b, Gaia Scerif a, a Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom b Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom article info abstract Article history: Cognitive scientists have long proposed that social stimuli attract visual attention even when task irrel- Received 13 November 2015 evant, but the consequences of this privileged status for memory are unknown. To address this, we com- Revised 12 October 2016 bined computational approaches, eye-tracking methodology, and individual-differences measures. Accepted 26 October 2016 Participants searched for targets in scenes containing social or non-social distractors equated for low- level visual salience. Subsequent memory precision for target locations was tested. Individual differences in autistic traits and social anxiety were also measured. Eye-tracking revealed significantly more atten- Keywords: tional capture to social compared to non-social distractors. Critically, memory precision for target loca- Social distraction tions was poorer for social scenes. This effect was moderated by social anxiety, with anxious Visual attention Memory individuals remembering target locations better under conditions