Emerging Competences and Economic Activities in the European Union
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Comprehensive sectoral analysis of emerging competences and economic activities in the European Union: Building and Repairing of Ships and Boats sector Final Report (Version 2) Ref. E3110 January 2009 DG Employment, Social Affairs and Equal Opportunities Comprehensive sectoral analysis of emerging competences and economic activities in the European Union: Building and Repairing of Ships and Boats sector This publication is commissioned under the European Community Programme for Employment and Social Solidarity - PROGRESS (2007-2013). This programme is managed by the Directorate-General for Employment, social affairs and equal opportunities of the European Commission. It was established to financially support the implementation of the objectives of the European Union in the employment and social affairs area, as set out in the Social Agenda, and thereby contribute to the achievement of the Lisbon Strategy goals in these fields. The seven-year Programme targets all stakeholders who can help shape the development of appropriate and effective employment and social legislation and policies, across the EU-27, EFTA-EEA and EU candidate and pre-candidate countries. PROGRESS mission is to strengthen the EU contribution in support of Member States' commitment. PROGRESS will be instrumental in: • providing analysis and policy advice on PROGRESS policy areas; • monitoring and reporting on the implementation of EU legislation and policies in PROGRESS policy areas; • promoting policy transfer, learning and support among Member States on EU objectives and priorities; and • relaying the views of the stakeholders and society at large For more information see: http://ec.europa.eu/employment_social/progress/index_en.html The information contained in this publication does not necessarily reflect the position or opinion of the European Commission. Final report avec logos.doc i Comprehensive sectoral analysis of emerging competences and economic activities in the European Union: Building and Repairing of Ships and Boats sector INDEX Page 1. DEFINITION OF THE BUILDING AND REPAIRING OF SHIPS AND BOATS SECTOR ......................................................................................... 1 1.1. Definition of the sector ............................................................................... 1 1.2. Main products included ............................................................................... 2 2. BUILDING AND REPAIRING OF SHIPS AND BOATS SECTOR IN THE WORLD ..................................................................................................... 7 2.1. Production ................................................................................................ 7 2.2. Employment............................................................................................ 13 3. THE EUROPEAN BUILDING AND REPAIRING OF SHIPS AND BOATS SECTOR FROM AN ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVE........................................... 14 3.1. General overview of the European Building and Repairing of Ships and Boats sector from an economic perspective.......................................................... 14 3.2. General overview of the European Building and Repairing of Ships and Boats sector by concrete subsectors ................................................................... 19 3.2.1. Building and repairing of ships ............................................................. 19 3.2.2. Building and repairing of pleasure and sporting boats .............................. 22 3.2.3. Some notes on the repairing sector ...................................................... 25 3.3. Main groups and enterprises ..................................................................... 27 3.4. Product specialisation ............................................................................... 32 3.5. Some notes on the marine equipment sector............................................... 34 4. THE EUROPEAN BUILDING AND REPAIRING OF SHIPS AND BOATS SECTOR FROM AN EMPLOYMENT PERSPECTIVE ...................................... 36 4.1. General overview of the European Building and Repairing of Ships and Boats sector from an employment perspective ..................................................... 36 4.2. General overview of the European Building and Repairing of Ships and Boats sector by concrete subsectors ................................................................... 39 4.2.1. Building and repairing of ships ............................................................. 39 4.2.2. Building and repairing of pleasure and sporting boats .............................. 42 4.2.3. Some notes on the employment in the marine equipment sector............... 45 4.3. Main employment patterns in the building and repairing of ships and boats..... 46 4.3.1. Some introductory remarks ................................................................. 46 4.3.2. Gender considerations in the building and repairing of ships and boats sector workforce ................................................................................ 46 4.3.3. Age considerations in the building and repairing of ships and boats sector workforce ................................................................................ 48 4.3.4. Level of education in the building and repairing of ships and boats sector workforce ......................................................................................... 50 4.3.5. Presence of part-time employment ....................................................... 53 4.4. Main occupations in the European building and repairing of ships and boats sector..................................................................................................... 54 4.4.1. Description of main occupations in the building and repairing of ships and boats sector ................................................................................ 54 4.4.2. Distribution of occupations in the building and repairing of ships and boats sector: Main figures ................................................................... 60 4.4.3. Distribution of occupations in the building and repairing of ships and boats sector by selected variables (gender, age and educational level)....... 62 4.5. Current challenges experienced by the building and repairing of ships and boats sector in the employment domain ..................................................... 66 Final report avec logos.doc ii Comprehensive sectoral analysis of emerging competences and economic activities in the European Union: Building and Repairing of Ships and Boats sector 5. INDUSTRIAL OUTLOOK FOR THE EUROPEAN BUILDING AND REPAIRING OF SHIPS AND BOAT SECTOR............................................... 70 5.1. Main Strengths and Weaknesses of the European Building and Repairing of Ships and Boat Sector .............................................................................. 70 5.1.1. Strengths of the European Building and Repairing of Ships and Boat Sector .............................................................................................. 70 5.1.2. Weaknesses of the European Building and Repairing of Ships and Boat Sector .............................................................................................. 74 5.2. Main factors of change (Opportunities and Threats) for the European Building and Repairing of Ships and Boat Sector .......................................... 76 5.2.1. Opportunities for the European Building and Repairing of Ships and Boat Sector .............................................................................................. 76 5.2.2. Threats for the European Building and Repairing of Ships and Boat Sector .............................................................................................. 83 6. DRIVERS OF CHANGE.............................................................................. 88 6.1. recapitulation of DRIVERS OF CHANGE ....................................................... 88 6.2. Classification, ranking and selection of key drivers ....................................... 89 7. EMERGING COMPETENCES ...................................................................... 93 7.1. emerging competenCes in the building and repairing of ships and boat sector..................................................................................................... 93 7.1.1. Emerging skills linked with globalisation ................................................ 94 7.1.2. Emerging skills linked to new products/materials/manufacturing processes ......................................................................................... 94 7.1.3. Multiskilling ....................................................................................... 96 7.1.4. Emerging skills linked to outsourcing and subcontracting practices ............ 96 7.1.5. Additional emerging skills in other knowledge areas ................................ 97 7.2. New critical competences by occupational functions in the building and repairing of ships and boat sector .............................................................. 97 8. SCENARIOS........................................................................................... 101 8.1. Key variables and hypothesEs ................................................................. 101 8.2. SCENARIOS .......................................................................................... 102 8.3. ScenarioS’ implications for employment trends.......................................... 105 8.3.1. Demographic change and skills