Name ______Student # _ _ _

WS - Electricity and Magnetism Relationship (EMR)

Read this passage from the text and answer the questions that follow.

Annotate (underline, highlight, or circle) the parts of the passage below that answer the following questions ​ ​ ​ ​ (write the number of the question next to your annotation). 1. What devices require magnetism to work? 2. What are the four fundamental forces of physics? 3. How are electricity and magnetism related to each other? On the bus ride to school, you may enjoy listening to some of your favorite music through your headphones. Did you know that the speakers in your headphones work because of the relationship between electricity and magnetism? Tiny magnets inside a speaker make the speaker vibrate as the magnetic field changes. A magnetic field is the set of forces generated by a magnetic object. Some metallic objects near a magnetic object will be drawn to it, while others will not be affected. Some objects are even pushed away from one end of a magnetic object. Your cell phone, most computer hard drives, and even your credit cards rely on magnetism to work. Electricity and magnetism are fundamentally related. They are both part of the electromagnetic force, one of the four fundamental forces of physics. (The other three forces are the gravitational force, the strong nuclear force, and the weak nuclear force.) Because they are related, electricity and magnetism influence each other. For example, an electric current produces a magnetic field. In general, electric current is the movement of charged particles through a conducting wire. Within conductor wires, the charged particles are electrons. Whenever an electric current flows through a wire, a magnetic field is produced around the wire. If the wire is wrapped around a metal core, the magnetic field produced by the flowing current is strengthened.A temporary magnet, known as an electromagnet, can be made by passing electric current through a wire that is coiled around an iron core. The advantage of an electromagnet is that it can be turned on and off by turning the current on and off. Magnets are used to generate electricity. When a wire moves within a magnetic field, an electric current is produced. In power plants, generators produce large amounts of electricity by spinning a long coil of wire around a strong magnet. Wind energy, the energy of flowing water, nuclear energy, and energy from burning fossil fuels are used to power these large generators.

True or False

___ 4. There are three fundamental forces of physics.

___ 5. Electricity and gravity are fundamentally related and both part of electromagnetic forces.

___ 6. Electricity and magnetism are related because they influence each other.

___ 7. An electric current produces a magnetic field, and a magnetic field can be used to generate electricity.

___ 8. A permanent magnet, known as an electromagnet, can be made by passing electric current through a wire that is coiled around an iron core.

___ 9. When a wire moves with a magnetic field, and electric current is produced.

___ 10. An electric current produces a magnetic field.

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