Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery Disaster Risk Management Programs for Priority Countries Disaster Risk Management Programs for Priority Countries Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery 2011 This volume is a product of the staff of the The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this volume do not necessarily reflect the views of the Executive Directors of The World Bank or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Design: [email protected] / III CONTENTS FOREWORD / v 2009 Priority Countries AFRICA Donor Earmarked Countries Burkina Faso / 2 Ethiopia / 17 East ASIA AND PACIFIC Ghana / 32 Cambodia / 288 Malawi / 47 Lao PDR / 297 Mali / 70 Philippines / 305 Mozambique / 97 Vanuatu / 316 Senegal / 108 Togo / 138 LatIN AMERICA & CaRIbbEAN Colombia / 332 East ASIA AND PACIFIC Costa Rica / 342 Indonesia / 154 Ecuador / 354 Marshall Islands / 164 Guatemala / 364 Papua New Guinea / 177 Solomon Islands / 188 SOUTH ASIA Vietnam / 198 Bangladesh / 376 Pakistan / 386 EUROPE AND CENTRAL ASIA Sri Lanka / 399 Kyrgyz Republic / 216 Prospective Country LatIN AMERICA & CaRIbbEAN Haiti / 228 Fiji / 412 Panama / 242 MIDDLE EasT & NORTH AFRICA Djibouti / 256 Republic of Yemen / 264 SOUTH ASIA Nepal / 278 / V FOREWOrd This is the 2nd edition of the Disaster Risk Management Program for Priority Countries, originally published by GFDRR in 2009. It now includes the country programs missing in the first edition (Burkina Faso, Malawi, Mali, Senegal, and Philippines1) as well as an update of the DRM Country Program for Haiti (to take into account the impact of the January 2010 earthquake), Panama, Guatemala, Ecuador, Colombia, Costa Rica As indicated in the previous edition, the presented programs are indicative; as the detailed planning and implementation phases have started, further dialogue with the Governments and other partners has refined the agendas and prioritized interventions. 13 country programs have already received an initial allocation totaling $22.86M, representing 25.25% of the total $90.522M planned for these country programs. Ethiopia ($1.75M), Malawi ($1M), Mali ($1.4M), Mozambique ($1.46M), Nepal ($1.8M), Senegal ($1.4M), Solomon Islands ($2M), Togo ($1.75M), Indonesia ($2M), Vietnam ($2M), Djibouti ($1M), Haiti ($4.8M) and Panama ($500k). In each priority country, GFDRR has hired DRM Specialists to facilitate a more effective implementation of the respective country programs as well as a greater DRR harmonization at the country level among all the key partners, including better integration of the DRR and climate adaptation as part of the overall national development agendas. GFDRR is in the process of implementing its Results Agenda, which remains one of its top priorities. The GFDRR Results Model provides an innovative way forward and a methodology for quantifying DRM Mainstreaming Progress and Impacts across all priority countries, which will further strengthen the strategic positioning of our efforts. Preliminary operationalization of the GFDRR Results Framework has resulted in unearthing key findings, which in turn completes the virtuous cycle of mainstreaming a results-based thinking in everything that GFDRR does. The ability to view GFDRR impact on country performance helps GFDRR strategically focus on its portfolio of countries. The ability to measure our impact in a country and to be able to look at the performance of that country simultaneously would help us in strategically positioning our efforts to be able to extract the most return on investment with respect to developmental impact. At its 5th meeting in Copenhagen in November 2008, the GFDRR Consultative Group asked the Secretariat to focus on a select group of priority countries to achieve increased impact. In GFDRR’s Track II, Mainstreaming Disaster Risk Reduction in Development, this lead to a prioritization of operations in 20 core countries, including Burkina Faso, Djibouti, Ethiopia, Ghana, Haiti, Indonesia, Kyrgyz Republic, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Marshall Islands, Mozambique, Nepal, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Senegal, Solomon Islands, Togo, Vietnam, and Republic of Yemen. 1 The formulation of the DRM program for Madagascar was put on hold because of the political situation but should resume soon. VI / DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS FOR PRIORITY COUNTRIES The countries were selected due to their high vulnerability to natural hazards and low economic resilience to cope with disaster impacts including anticipated climate change and variability. Two thirds of the countries are least developed countries and twelve are highly indebted poor countries. Nine are from Africa and several others are Small Island States at high risk. These 20 core countries will receive 80 percent of available funds while 20 percent will be made available for flexible, innovative, high impact grants, such as those that catalyze increased investment programs and integration of disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation in development in any disaster prone country. GFDRR will also systemize and deepen its engagement in eleven single donor trust fund countries, including Bangladesh, Cambodia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Lao PDR, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Philippines, and Vanuatu, using funding made available by the concerned donors. To develop a strategic and integrated vision, GFDRR is preparing comprehensive programs for disaster risk management and climate change adaptation for the next three to five years in each of the priority and donor earmarked countries. The Development Process of Programs A multi-stakeholder planning process lays the foundation for the comprehensive national programs for disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation. The process ensures the facilitation of ownership by governments for their risk reduction agenda and the initiation of larger strategic partnerships and disaster risk reduction platforms. In each priority country, the following steps are undertaken to develop the country programs: 1. Investigation of a) the underlying risk factors and b) the progress in the five priority areas of the Hyogo Framework for Action; 2. stocktaking of ongoing risk reduction and climate change adaptation programs by key stakeholders, including UN agencies, multilateral and bilateral donors, and other partners; 3. identification of key gaps at national, sector, and local levels; 4. solicitation of proposals from different government and non-government entities and concerned donor agencies; 5. analysis of the solicited proposals and consensus building in a consultative process involving a range of stakeholders, including relevant government ministries, UN organizations, multilateral and bilateral donors, IN GOs and civil society actors; 6. development of strategic comprehensive programs of support based on the gathered information. Criteria used for the selection of the proposed activities include the relevance in addressing underlying risk factors, the leveraging potential of future disaster risk management interventions, and meeting the challenge of increased risk reduction activity synchronization and synergy building across various donors and thereby improving the quality and effectiveness of donor aid in the DRM arena. Achieving Outcomes A set of priorities has emerged which will drive the GFDRR supported risk reduction agenda for the next three to five years. Knowledge, advisory, and capacity building on all levels. Many countries are undergoing a substantial shift in DRM structures, roles and responsibilities away from classical disaster response functions to multi-sectoral and ministerial development agendas around risk reduction and climate change. It will require a strong investment in national capacities GLOBAL FACILITY FOR DISASTER REDUCTION AND RECOVERY / VII for Governments to lead and implement the comprehensive risk reduction agendas and to coordinate between ministries. Local authorities at district level will also require technical support to put new strategies into practice. Intensified support for sectoral mainstreaming. The programs identify the Governments’ demand for technical and managerial support to develop sector specific risk reduction strategies and priority program investments. The most urgent investments are linked to the hydro-meteorological sector in flood protection and mitigation of storm damages due to increased severity of changing weather patterns. Coordination of disaster risk management and climate change adaption agendas. Disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation should largely be managed as one integrated agenda. Both agendas have a few differences but many overlaps. Many of the country programs aim to integrate the two agendas and strengthen the coordination between climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction institutions. The resulting climate risk management approach treats existing and future climate-related risks as one continuum, generates social and economic benefits in the short term, while also reducing vulnerability to long-term changes in climate. Comprehensive risk assessments. Many countries have made progress in sector specific hazard assessments but there is practically no targeted country