DOCSLIB.ORG

Information Memorandum Olvia Port Concession Project

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Information Memorandum Olvia Port Concession Project Information Memorandum Olvia Port Concession Project September 2018 1 Table of Contents Chapter 1. General information and a brief summary of the Project 6 1.1 Introduction 6 1.1.1 Outline of the Information Memorandum 8 Chapter 2. Overview of the market environment 9 2.1 Summary 9 2.2 Part A: Ukrainian Port Sector Analysis 9 2.2.1 Historical analysis of the cargo flow of the port industry in Ukraine 9 2.2.2 National Demand and Capacity Projections Most Promising Cargo Commodities 21 2.2.3 Supply Chain Cost Analysis 40 2.3 Part B: SE SC Olvia Projections 54 2.3.1 Introduction 55 2.3.2 Grain Projections 55 2.3.3 Ferrous Metals Projections 61 2.3.4 “Other” Cargoes Projections 66 2.3.5 Conclusions Demand Projections Port of Olvia 71 2.4 Part C: Market Sounding - Potential Investors 73 2.4.1 Introduction 73 2.4.2 Context 73 2.4.3 Main outcomes of the market sounding meetings 75 Chapter 3. Legal aspects of the Project 76 3.1 Overview of laws, decrees, regulations and other legal instruments that are related to the Project 76 3.1.1 Seaport industry laws and regulations 76 3.1.1 PPP/concession laws and regulations 78 3.1.3 Dedicated laws/regulations governing specific aspects/relations under the Projects 81 3.1.4 Overview of concession project flow 83 3.2 The selection of the PPP model, its effectiveness from the legal standpoint 87 3.2.1 Concession 87 3.3 Concession object 90 3.3.1 Concession object under Ukrainian law 90 3.3.2 Comments on land issues 93 3.4 Comments on permit documents and approvals that may be required to implement the Projects 97 3.4.1 Permit documents and approvals that may need to be "transferred" to investors 98 3.4.2 Permit documents and approvals that may need to be received by private partners due to their investment activities and other Project-specific operations 107 3.5 Comments on insurance terms for the Projects 110 3.5.1 Key types of insurance relevant for implementation of the Projects 110 Chapter 4. Overview of existing port property and technical aspects of the Project 115 4.1 Technical solution and transfer of assets 115 4.1.1 Review of the existing port property and condition 115 4.1.2 Investment Requirements 122 4.1.3 Investments in the new grain terminal 125 Chapter 5. Financial Statements 131 Chapter 6. Preliminary Assessment of Ecological Impact 138 6.1 Conclusion of the Environmental Impact Assessment 138 6.2 Preliminary environmental and social assessment of the Concession project 139 6.3 Development scenarios 139 6.3.1 Environmental and social aspects 140 2 Chapter 7. Social Consequences of the Project 150 7.1 Overview of the labor market in the city of Mykolaiv and the Mykolaiv region 150 7.2 Labor Force Analysis 150 7.3 Conclusions 152 3 Abbreviations BDLK Buzhsko-Dnipro Lyman Channel m meter BOT Build-Operate-Transfer m2 Meter squared CAGR Compound Annual Growth Rate МВА Megavolt-ampere ca. circa, approximately WACC Weighted average cost of capital capex Capital expenditure MIU Ministry of Infrastructure of Ukraine CPI Consumer price index МW megawatt DBN State building regulations NPV Net present value EBRD European Bank for Reconstruction and Development No. number etc. Et cetera- so on and so forth O&M Operations and maintenance EUR European currency opex Operating expenses EY Ernst&Young PJSC Joint-stock company FS Feasibility study PPP Public-private partnership ha hectare PSC Private sector comparator HR Human resources psc. pieces HTS hydrotechnical structure Q quarter IMF International Monetary Fund Rо-Rо Roll-on / roll-off IFI International Finance Institution SE State enterprise IFC International Finance Corporation SC Stevedoring company IRR Internal Rate of Return SPZ Sanitary protection zone IT Informational Technology t. tonne inv. No Inventory number TS Transformer substation JICA Japan International Cooperation Agency VAT Value added tax km kilometer UAH Ukrainian hryvnia KPI key performance indicator USD United States Dollar KSCP Kherson Sea Commercial Port USPA Ukrainian Sea Port Administration kW kilowatt UZ Ukrzaliznytsia kV Kilovolt LDC Louis Dreyfus Company LED light-emitting diode LLC Limited liability company 4 Important message This document contains information about State Enterprise SC Olvia. This document is intended for the exclusive use of the parties potentially interested in participating in the tender for the transfer into concession of the assets of State Enterprise SC Olvia. This document is circulated for the sole purpose of acting as a starting point for discussing the project with potential investors. The document should not be considered exhaustive and does not provide full information about the project. This document is not binding and is not legally enforceable. No party will have any grounds whatsoever for any claims against the Ministry of Infrastructure of Ukraine, the Ukrainian Sea Ports Authority, EBRD or IFC, or any other person distributing this document, based on its content. 5 Chapter 1. General information and summary of the Project 1.1 Introduction State Enterprise “Stevedoring Company Olvia" (hereinafter, SE SC Olvia) is a stevedoring company geographically situated on the left bank of the Bugsko-Dniprovsky Estuary in the North Black Sea Coast. Olvia is located in the Mykolaiv region and is one of a number of public and private terminals that form the Specialized Sea Port Olvia (hereinafter, Port of Olvia). The Port of Olvia handles a range of commodities, but increasingly the operators in the Port have concentrated on two “focus” commodities—grains and construction materials—which accounted for over 80 percent of its total cargo volume in 2017 (Table Error! No text of specified style in document..1). Table Error! No text of specified style in document..1: Port of Olvia Volumes and Market Share of the Focus Commodities (2012-2017) 2012 - Thousand Tons 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 CAGR 2017 % Total Cargo - Olvia 6,037 5,567 6,975 6,911 6,539 6,880 2.65% 13.96% Oil - Olvia 143 39 - - - - -100.0% -100.0% Coal - Olvia 422 491 846 335 65 35 -39.28% -91.75% Different ore - Olvia - 31 25 - - - N/A N/A Construction - Olvia - - 741 1,386 1,741 2,159 N/A N/A Grains - Olvia 1,204 1,643 2,242 2,445 3,046 3,316 22.46% 175.37% Ferrous metals - all - Olvia 2,018 1,374 1,559 1,301 740 224 -35.57% -88.90% Share - Focus Cargoes - 62.72% 64.28% 77.60% 79.10% 85.52% 83.34% N/A N/A Olvia Olvia - Market Shares Oil - Olvia 3.81% 1.13% - - - - N/A N/A Coal - Olvia 3.43% 3.84% 6.83% 3.69% 1.07% 0.32% N/A N/A Different ore - Olvia - 0.09% 0.07% - - - N/A N/A Construction - Olvia - - 20.31% 29.09% 42.57% 36.79% N/A N/A Grains - Olvia 4.38% 6.05% 6.68% 6.52% 7.55% 8.16% N/A N/A Ferrous metals - Olvia 10.75% 7.76% 8.26% 7.14% 4.44% 1.51% N/A N/A SC – Olvia Handled Volumes N/A 1,843 2,411 2,450 2,213 2,510 8.03% 36.18% SC – Olvia % Port of Olvia N/A 33.11% 34.57% 35.45% 33.85% 36.48% N/A N/A 6 Source: USPA; Market Analysis Report Volumes of handled cargo include volumes handled by Nika-Tera and PJSC Okean (effective as of 01.03.2018 ASPU data on volumes of handled cargo no longer include Mykolayiv Shipbuilding Plant Okean and Nika-Tera) Due to the ongoing conflict in the coal-rich regions of Donbass, SE SC Olvia, like other port operators, has suffered a significant reduction in coal volumes. Furthermore, one of the main steel producers opened up a new facility in Yuzhny Port which resulted in the transfer of cargo from the Port of Olvia to the port pf Yuzhny. However, in addition to absolute decline in coal trade, the Port of Olvia in recent years has suffered a reduction in its market share of the coal volumes that still are shipped from the region. Competitive challenges have also resulted in the Port of Olvia losing the ferrous metals trade, falling from about 10 percent of the regional market share in 2012 to about 1.5 percent in 2017. The above decline in volumes has been largely offset by the growth of grain and construction material exports. However, the Port of Olvia is facing increasing competition from the emerging private ports, particularly in grain exports. SE SC Olvia has increased the share of total volumes it handles at the Port of Olvia from 33.1% in 2013 to 36.5% in 2017. In cargo volumes, it increased its operations by 36.2% in the same period of time. In 2017, SE SC Olvia generated post-tax operating free cash flow (available for re-investment and/or distribution to the government as dividend) of 127 million UAH. The enterprise paid almost UAH 92 million of dividends to the state budget. SE SC Olvia’s ability to compete with the regional private operators will thus define its future success. The overall grain production in Ukraine is expected to significantly increase over the next decades, from 40 million tons in 2017 to almost 70 million tons in 2030. As the grain sector in Ukraine is one of the most promising growth sectors for the next decades, SE SC Olvia needs to position itself to take advantage of future growth opportunities.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Ukrainian and Russian Waterways and the Development of European Transport Corridors
    European Transport \ Trasporti Europei n. 30 (2005): 14-36 Ukrainian and Russian waterways and the development of European transport corridors Michael Doubrovsky1∗ 1Odessa National Maritime University, Odessa, Ukraine Abstract Four of the nine international transport corridors pass through the territory of Ukraine: №3, №5, №7, and №9. In recent years Ukraine conducted an active policy supporting the European initiatives on the international transport corridors and offered variants of corridors to the European community. In the field of a water transport it is planned to carry out the construction of new and reconstruction of existing infrastructure (regarding corridors № 9; TRACECA; Baltic - Black Sea) in the main Ukrainian ports. The paper considers the situation in the Ukrainian waterways as a part of the international transport corridors. It presents an analysis of the existing situation and some planning measures. In order to optimize and rationally development the inland waterways and seaports of the Black Sea – Azov Sea region it is necessary to speed up the working out and official approval of the regional transport ways network. Regarding Ukrainian seaports this task is carried out within the framework of program TRACECA, and also by Steering Committee of Black Sea PETRA and working group on transport of the Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation. To connect the new members countries of EU two approaches are considered: (1) the use of the Danube River due to restoration of navigation in its Ukrainian part, providing an exit to the Black Sea; (2) the creation of new inland water-transport links providing a more rational and uniform distribution of freight traffics from the Central and Northern Europe (using the third largest river in Europe - Dnepr River running into the Black Sea).
    [Show full text]
  • Reference Projects
    REFERENCE PROJECTS Project Locations around the World © HPC Hamburg Port Consulting GmbH On the following pages, you will find a comprehensive list of the projects HPC has conducted ever since our foundation in 1976. 22/07/2021 HPC Hamburg Port Consulting GmbH 1/94 REFERENCE PROJECTS Project Title Client, Location Start Date Construction Supervision for Six Automated Victoria International Container Terminal 2021 Container Carriers in Melbourne, Australia Ltd. PR-3241/336003 Melbourne; Australia Application for Funding of 5G Campus HHLA Hamburger Hafen und Logistik AG 2021 Network Hamburg; Germany PR-3240/331014 Simulation Analysis Study for CTA with Fully HHLA Hamburger Hafen und Logistik AG 2021 Automated Truck Handover Hamburg; Germany PR-3238/331013 Initial Market Study for a New "Condition EMG Automation GmbH 2021 Monitoring & Predictive Maintenance" Wenden; Germany PR-3239/332005 Business Model Support with Funding Applications for the B- HHLA Hamburger Hafen und Logistik AG 2021 AGV System at Container Terminal Hamburg; Germany PR-3233/331011 Burchardkai HPC Secondment BHP Safe Mooring IPS Aurecon Australasia Pty Ltd 2021 Melbourne; Australia PR-3236/336002 Brazil, Sagres Implementation of OHS Sagres Operacoes Portuarias Ltda 2021 Recommendations Cidade Nova Rio Grande RS; Brazil PR-3234/334002 IT Management Support for a German CHI Deutschland Cargo Handling GmbH 2021 Cargo Handling Company Frankfurt/Main; Germany PR-3235/332004 PANG Study on the Ability of Ports on the Puerto Angamos 2021 Western Coast of Latin America to Handle
    [Show full text]
  • An Economic and Institutional Analysis of Multi-Port Gateway Regions in the Black Sea Basin
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Open Marine Archive JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LOGISTICS AND TRADE 3 Volume 12, Number 2, August 2014, pp.3~35 An Economic and Institutional Analysis of Multi-Port Gateway Regions in the Black Sea Basin Kateryna Grushevska*, Theo Notteboom** _________________________________________________________________________ Abstract The concept of ‘multi-port gateway region’ has been introduced by Notteboom (2010) and has been applied to important seaport markets such as Europe and Asia. However, the dynamics and port development patterns in secondary multi-port gateway regions, such as the Black Sea region, have received far less attention in academic literature. An empirical application of established spatial and functional development models to such secondary port regions might substantiate the external validity of these models as these ports operate in a different spatial, economic and institutional environment. The aim of the paper is to characterize the spatial dynamics of container ports of the Black Sea multi-port gateway regions by testing the validity of established spatial models on port system development. Furthermore, the expected future evolution path for port hierarchy in the Black Sea basin is discussed. By doing so, the paper assesses to what extent the Black Sea port region is following an ‘expected’ development path as portrayed in a number of port system development models, or alternatively, can be characterized as an atypical port system following its own development logic. Key Words : Black Sea, Containers, Gateway, Hinterland, Port system development, Terminal. JEL classification : R40 & R49 * PhD Researcher, ITMMA – University of Antwerp, Kipdorp 59, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium E-mail: [email protected] ** (corresponding author) President and Professor, ITMMA – University of Antwerp, Kipdorp 59, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium.
    [Show full text]
  • Hellenic Chamber of Shipping
    Hellenic Chamber of Shipping MARITIME LAW REGULATIONS IN UKRAINE EVGENIY SUKACHEV Board Member Ukrainian Maritime Bar Association 24/10/2019 SHIPPING CAPITAL OF UKRAINE ODESSA IS THE THIRD-LARGEST CITY IN UKRAINE SHIPPING CAPITAL OF UKRAINE 8 INTERNATIONAL TRANSPORT CORRIDORS TOTAL CAPACITY - 313, 3 MILLION TONS CARGOES 2/28 KEY FACTS ABOUT ODESSA REGION ODESSA REGION - 2ND LARGEST PORT POTENTIAL AMONG THE BLACK AND AZOV SEAS 7 FROM 13 TRADE PORTS - IN ODESSA REGION 11 RIVER PORTS TO HANDLE UP TO 100 MT OF CARGO ANNUALLY IN 2018 UKRAINE REGISTERED THE HIGHEST GROWTH IN THE CONTAINER TURNOVER VOLUMES AMONG THE BLACK AND AZOV SEAS 3/28 TOTAL CAPACITY - 313, 3 MT CARGOES Sea Port of Chornomorsk 17% Sea Trade Port Yuzhny 37.8% Nikolaev sea port 23.2% Port of Odessa 22% 4/28 CARGO STATISTICS & TRENDS IN 2019 Transit 6.9% EXPORT: 55.464 MT Import IMPORT: 10.961 MT 15.4% TRANSIT: 4.941 MT Export 77.7% 5/28 CARGO STATISTICS & TRENDS IN 2019 COAL OIL OIL: 3.167 MT 4.3% 6.6% CHEMICAL PETROLEUM: 538.78 THOUSAND TONS 3% CHEMICAL CARGO: 1.422 MT GRAIN LOADS: 24.5 MT ORE CARGO: 16.491 MT ORE COAL: 2.076 MT 34.2% GRAIN 50.8% 6/28 PORTS OF UKRAINE SEA - 13 RIVER - 11 7/28 OPERATORS IN UKRAINE PORTS 8/28 STATE AND PRIVATE STEVEDORES 103 PRIVATE PORT OPERATORS 13 STATE PORT OPERATORS 9/28 UKRAINIAN INLAND WATERWAYS 3 NAVIGABLE RIVERS, TWO OF WHICH ARE IN TOP-5 LARGEST RIVERS OF EUROPE 16 RIVER PORTS AND TERMINALS 60 MT OF CAPACITY PER YEAR THE LAW “ON INLAND WATERWAYS OF UKRAINE” MUST BE ADOPTED NO LATER THAN NOVEMBER 1 OF THIS YEAR 10/28 MARITIME AUTHORITY MINISTRY OF INFRASTRUCTURE OF UKRAINE UKRAINIAN SEA PORTS AUTHORITY (USPA) STATE SERVICE FOR MARITIME AND RIVER TRANSPORT 11/28 PSC THE MARITIME ADMINISTRATION IS AN EXECUTIVE BODY WHOSE ACTIVITIES ARE DIRECTED AND COORDINATED BY THE GOVERNMENT THROUGH THE MINISTER OF INFRASTRUCTURE.
    [Show full text]
  • PRELIMINARY TRADE CORRIDOR ASSESSMENT Moldova Structural Reform
    GRAIN AND OIL TERMINALS AT GIURGIULESTI INTERNATIONAL FREE PORT PHOTO BY KRISTEN HARTPENCE FOR USAID PRELIMINARY TRADE CORRIDOR ASSESSMENT Moldova Structural Reform DISCLAIMER This report is made possible by the generous support of the American people through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). The contents are the responsibility of Nathan Associates Inc. and its subcontractors and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government. TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 1. INTRODUCTION TO TRADE CORRIDORS AND TRADE CORRIDOR ASSESSMENTS 1 INTRODUCTION TO TRADE CORRIDORS 1 ASSESSING TRADE CORRIDOR PERFORMANCE 0 PURPOSE OF THIS REPORT 2 2. CONTEXT OF MOLDOVA’S TRADE CORRIDORS 4 MOLDOVA’S TRADE COMPOSITION 4 OVERVIEW OF MOLDOVA’S TRADE CORRIDORS 8 MOLDOVA’S TRADE CORRIDOR INFRASTRUCTURE, SERVICES AND REGULATIONS 13 3. PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT OF MOLDOVA’S TRADE CORRIDORS 29 OVERVIEW OF PERFORMANCE 29 KEY CHALLENGES AND POTENTIAL OPPORTUNITIES 33 4. FULL TCA METHODOLOGY 36 APPROACH 36 METHODOLOGY 39 FIGURES Figure 1. Typical Logistics Chain ............................................................................................................................. 1 Figure 2. Map of Moldova’s Trade Corridors ...................................................................................................... 2 Figure 3. Moldova’s Import Values by Region, USD, 2010-2016 .................................................................... 5 Figure 4. Structure of Moldova’s Imports, 2016 ................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Ukraine Maritime Report Will This Giant Awaken?
    Ukraine Maritime Report Will this giant awaken? Bloem Doze Nienhuis: André Tienpont, Katya Lukash, Sergii Komarenko and Natalya Krotenko Interlegal: Natalia Myroshnychenko, Danil Hristich ZSD-AYDU: Yuriy Zhukov, Yuriy Kamenetskiy, Andrey Zherebetskiy Nikolaev Publisher Vasiliy Torubara 2016 UDC 629.003.1(477) ББК 39.42к4 U31 COMPOSITE AUTHORS Bloem Doze Nienhuis: André Tienpont, Katya Lukash, Sergii Komarenko and Natalya Krotenko Interlegal: Natalia Myroshnychenko, Danil Hristich ZSD-AYDU: Yuriy Zhukov, Yuriy Kamenetskiy, Andrey Zherebetskiy Ukraine Maritime Report 2016: Will this giant awaken? / André Tienpont Yuriy Zhukov, U31 Danil Hristich and other. — Nikolaev : publisher Vasiliy Torubara, 2016. — 84 p. ISBN 978-966-97484-7-8 Ukraine is a sleeping maritime giant. It has plenty of port capacity connected with the hinterland by road, rail, the Dnieper, the Russian waterways and the nearby Danube. The Ukrainian fleet is old and diminishing and the bigger ships are flagged out. Many Ukrainian seafarers are employed on foreign ships. Also it has a strong shipbuilding tradition and there is ample knowledge and craftsmanship available. The shipbuilding capacity is huge but it is performing far below capacity. The water sports sector is growing and the yacht and boat building industry is following in its wake. This sleeping maritime giant could wake up very quickly if the Ukrainian govern- ment should adopt the right policies. Nevertheless, today the Ukraine is already offering interesting prospects in the maritime field. UDC 629.003.1(477) ББК 39.42к4 ISBN 978-966-97484-7-8 © Bloem Doze Nienhuis, Interlegal, ZSD-AYDU, 2016 Д о в і д к о в е в и д а н н я МОРСЬКИЙ ЗВІТ УКРАЇНИ – 2016 Чи пробудиться цей гігант? (англійською мовою) Верстка і дизайн: Торубара В.
    [Show full text]
  • Economic and Social Council
    UNITED E NATIONS Economic and Social Distr. Council GENERAL TRANS/SC.3/2003/3 19 June 2003 ENGLISH Original: RUSSIAN ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR EUROPE INLAND TRANSPORT COMMITTEE Working Party on Inland Water Transport (Forty-seventh session, 7-9 October 2003, agenda item 7 (a)) EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION ON MEASURES AIMED AT PROMOTING TRANSPORT BY INLAND WATERWAYS Submitted by the Government of the Russian Federation Note: The Inland Transport Committee of the Economic Commission for Europe, at its sixty-fourth session, adopted the plan of action for the implementation of decisions taken by the Pan-European Conference on Inland Water Transport, held in Rotterdam on 5 and 6 September 2001. The plan includes action to prepare, with the help of volunteer Governments concerned, proposals on the development of specific sea routes in the context of the AGN Agreement (such as: River Don-Sea of Azov-Black Sea-Dnieper-Danube; or Guadalquivir-coastal route E60-River Douro-River Gironde-River Loire-River Seine (E80), etc. These projects would have to set conditions and requirements concerning both the sea-river routes themselves (their equipment with necessary aids to navigation, obligatory use of river information services, etc.) and vessels which can be used on those routes. We provide below a working paper prepared by experts from the Russian Federation covering various aspects of the above issue, relating to the route Don-Sea of Azov-Black Sea-Dnieper-Danube, which could serve as the basis for the initial consideration of this issue by the working group. GE.03-22123 (E) 280703 070803 TRANS/SC.3/2003/3 page 2 Combined navigation (river-sea) route: Rostov-on-Don- Sea of Azov-Black Sea-Dnieper-Danube, in the context of the European Agreement on Main Inland Waterways of International Importance (AGN) I.
    [Show full text]
  • Prospects for Coal and Clean Coal Technologies in Ukraine
    Prospects for coal and clean coal technologies in Ukraine Morel Oprisan CCC/183 ISBN 978-92-9029-503-7 May 2011 copyright © IEA Clean Coal Centre Abstract Ukraine’s energy economy is largely served by natural gas imported from Russia, even though coal is the country’s richest resource of fossil fuels. Within the power generating sector, nuclear power’s role is expected to increase in the future. The country’s 60 Mt/y coal industry, mostly bituminous and anthracite, has recently undergone a programme of changes, including mine privatisation, closing of unproductive mines and, in some cases, modernisation of equipment and improvement of safety measures. Non-fossil/nuclear energy sources play a minor role in the country’s energy balance. Coal is located mainly in Donbass, in the eastern Donetsk region of Ukraine. There are a few, smaller fields in other parts of the country. Ukraine’s Energy Strategy to 2030 is based on the government’s intention to decrease the country’s dependence on imported fuels. It includes plans to increase the coal production. The power generation sector has over-capacity and is exporting to neighbouring countries. However, power shortages occur due to plant inefficiency and large transmission losses. While nuclear power is being pursued, coal is becoming a growing factor in the future prosperity of the Ukrainian economy. Abbreviations CBM coalbed methane CCS carbon capture and storage CCT clean coal technology CETI Coal Energy Technology Institute within the National Academy of Science (NAS) of Ukraine CHP combined
    [Show full text]
  • Chronology of the Key Historical Events on the Black and Azov Seas
    Chronology of the Key Historical Events on the Black and Azov Seas Eighteenth Century 1700 – The Treaty of Constantinople was signed on 13 July 1700 between Russia and the Ottoman Empire. It ended the Russian-Turkish War of 1686–1700. 1701 – Engraver from Holland A. Schoonebeek engraved a map called “Eastern part of the Sea Palus Maeotis, which is now called the Sea of Azov.” On the map there were shown: the coastline of the sea, the grid of parallels and meridians, the compass grid, depths, anchor positions, cities. The map scale is about 1:700,000, the size is 52 Â 63 cm, published in Moscow. 1702–1704 – P. Picart issued in Moscow a map called “Direct drawing of the Black Sea from the town of Kerch to Tsargrad.” On the map there were shown the towns of Bendery, Ochakov, Taman, Trapezund, Tsargrad and there was an inset of the Bosphorus Strait with depths depicted on the fairway. 1703 – Issue of the Atlas of the Black and Azov seas with the navigation chart of the track from Kerch to Constantinople (observation was performed by the ship “Krepost”). 1703–1704 – The “Atlas of the Don River, Azov and Black Seas” compiled by Admiral C. Cruys was printed in Amsterdam; it consisted of a description and 17 maps. 1706 – A lot of new ships were added to the Russian Azov Fleet. S.R. Grinevetsky et al., The Black Sea Encyclopedia, 843 DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-55227-4, © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2015 844 Chronology of the Key Historical Events on the Black and Azov Seas 1710–1713 – Russian–Turkish War.
    [Show full text]
  • Ukraine and Russia
    OCT 2014 Crimea Crisis: February-March 2014 TRADOC G-2 Intelligence Support Activity (TRISA) Complex Operational Environment and Threat Integration Directorate (CTID) [Type the author name] United States Army 6/1/2012 TRISA-CTID Threat Report Purpose • To give a historical/strategic overview of the tensions between Ukraine and Russia. • To attempt to explain the language difference between eastern Ukraine and the rest of the nation and the schism it may cause within the country. • To give details of the strong position that Russia holds over Ukraine and many other Western European countries due to their reliance on Russian hydrocarbon products for energy. • To report to the Army training community the major activities the Russians performed to take total control of Crimea in less than four weeks. • To provide an operational overview of which military and civilian facilities the Russians targeted and in what order. • To detail tactics the Russians used to capture the last Ukrainian ship in the Sevastopol Naval Base. • To provide a timeline of Ukraine-Russia relations from historical times to August 2014. Executive Summary • Ukraine and Russia, despite relatively good relations during their mutual communist era, have had high-level political disagreements over energy and Ukraine’s flirtations with the West. • Ukraine is heavily dependent upon Russia for natural gas and Russia historically attempts to leverage that dependency to force political concessions. Much of the Russian natural gas consumed by Western Europe flows through pipelines that pass through Ukraine. Any economic sanctions placed on Russia by the West may boomerang if Russia chooses to stop the export of fossil fuels to Western Europe.
    [Show full text]
  • Welcome to Odessa Region
    WelcomeWelcome toto OdessaOdessa RegionRegion Ukraine Odessa Region Black Sea EconomicEconomic andand GeographicGeographic LocationLocation Odessa region occupies the North- Poland West part of the Black Sea; its area makes 33.3 ths sq km. Russia Kiev The population combines 2.4 mln of 133 different nationalities. Ukraine Total coastal line of Odessa Region exceeds 300 km. Romania Odessa Free access to the Black Sea – Azov Basin and big river routes gives good advantage of transit status to Odessa Region. OdessaOdessa Odessa is an administrative center Duke de Richelieu of the Region and one of the largest cities in Ukraine. The City of Odessa is an important transport, industrial, cultural and tourist center with population more than 1 mln. LAOCOON OdessaOdessa regionregion inin transporttransport systemsystem ofof EuropeEurope Helsinki Corridor # 7 Saint Petersburg Corridor # 9 Moscow Corridor Baltic – Black Sea Baltic Sea Riga Corridor Black Sea economic corporation Klaipeda Russia Corridor TRACECA Gdansk Gomel Volgograd Astrakhan Warsaw Ukraine Kyiv Donetsk Frankfurt Kovel Rostov on Don Yuzhniy Caspian illichivsk Tbilisi Sea Bucharest Odessa Turkmen-Bashi Reni Black Sea Potty Baku Dimitrovgrad Yerevan Istanbul Alexandropoulos Ankara Maritime industrial complex 75 % of the whole maritime industrial potential of Ukraine is located in Odessa region and consists of 7 ports: • Port of Odessa • Port of Yuzhniy • Port of Illichivsk • Port of Reni • Port of Izmail • Port of Ust-Dunask • Port of Belgorod- Dniestrovsk as well as dockyards and shipbuilding plants The total volume of freight cargoes passed through Odessa regional ports in 2007 made 93.5 mln tons SeaportSeaport ofof OdessaOdessa Odessa seaport is one of the biggest ports in the Black Sea basin.
    [Show full text]
  • The Crimea: Europe's Next Flashpoint?
    The Crimea: Europe’s Next Flashpoint? By Taras Kuzio November 2010 THE JAMESTOWN FOUNDATION Published in the United States by The Jamestown Foundation 1111 16th St. N.W. Suite 320 Washington, D.C. 20036 http://www.jamestown.org Copyright © 2010 The Jamestown Foundation All rights reserved. No part of this report may be reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written consent. For copyright permissions information, contact Jamestown Foundation, 1111 16th St. N.W., Washington, D.C. 20036. The views expressed in the report are those of the contributing authors and not necessarily those of the Jamestown Foundation. For more information on this report of the Jamestown Foundation, email [email protected]. Jamestown’s Mission The Jamestown Foundation’s mission is to inform and educate policy makers and the broader community about events and trends in those societies which are strategically or tactically important to the United States and which frequently restrict access to such information. Utilizing indigenous and primary sources, Jamestown’s material is delivered without political bias, filter or agenda. It is often the only source of information which should be, but is not always, available through official or intelligence channels, especially in regard to Eurasia and terrorism. Origins Launched in 1984 by its founder William Geimer, The Jamestown Foundation has emerged as one of the leading providers of research and analysis on conflict and instability in Eurasia. The Jamestown Foundation has rapidly grown to become one of the leading sources of information on Eurasia, developing a global network of analytical expertise from the Baltic to the Horn of Africa.
    [Show full text]