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The Settler's Guide in the United States and British North American Provinces

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The Settler's Guide in the United States and British North American Provinces Library of Congress The settler's guide in the United States and British North American provinces. By Thomas Spence. COLTON'S MAP OF THE UNITED STATES AND TERRITORIES J. H. COLTON, NEW YORK, VIEW OF THE STEAMSHIP GREAT EASTERN, 600 FEET LONG THE SETTLER'S GUIDE IN THE UNITED STATES AND BRITISH NORTH AMERICAN PROVINCES. ADAPTED TO BENEFIT THE SETTLERS IN THE VARIOUS STATES AND TERRITORIES; BEING A SYNOPTICAL REVIEW OF THE SOIL, CLIMATE, CEREAL AND OTHER PRODUCTIONS, WITH THE MINERALS, MANUFACTURES, ETC., ETC., OF EACH STATE SEPARATELY. CAREFULLY ARRANGED AND COMPILED FROM MANUFACTURING REPORTS, STATE DOCUMENTS, AND STANDARD WORKS NOW EXTANT, AS WELL AS PERSONAL OBSERVATION AND NOTES. BY THOMAS SPENCE, LAND SURVEYOR, ETC., ETC. LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CITY OF WASHINGTON 1868 New York: DAVIES & KENT, PUBLISHERS, 188 WILLIAM STREET. 1862 FSR Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1862, by THOMAS SPENCE, In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United States for the District of Wisconsin. The settler's guide in the United States and British North American provinces. By Thomas Spence. http://www.loc.gov/resource/ lhbtn.04108 Library of Congress Davies & Kent, Stereotypers And Electrotypers, 183 William-St., N. Y. PREFACE. In the preparation and compilation of this work by the author, he would respectfully acknowledge the valuable assistance afforded by the consultation of “Hayward's United States Gazetteer” and “Wilson's Report of the New England Manufactories,” and other kindred works on the manufacturing facilities of New England, its towns, sea-ports, etc.; and also to the same source for valuable extracts and information relative to some of the Middle and Southern States. Also to “Appleton's Railway Guide,” for information on the railways and mineral springs of the South. The author is also indebted to the latest reports and surveys of the Pacific Railroad and United States surveys of California and the new Territories of Colorado, Nevada, Dacotah, and Nebraska, for the topography and physical aspect of the country across the plains, of its timber, soil, water, minerals, and other productions. The matter pertaining to the “Western States” in general was collected from personal observation made during a residence and travel of twelve years in that section of the country, and also from the yearly reports made out officially by each State on the soil, climate, minerals, and productions generally, with imports and exports. In these synoptical reports and statistics of the “Great West,” with its fertile prairies, rich river bottoms, oak openings and rolling lands, the author has been careful, elaborate, and more descriptive than on most of the other States and sections of the Union. The West, with its cheap farms, varying productions, fruitful soil, rich mineral and coal deposits, salubrious climate, and schools, and other privileges, is the Eldorado that often cheers the poor man's hopes, in the crowded cities of the East or of the Old World, with the desire of one day reaching this fertile and favored land, and gaining there an independence and competence and a free home. The settler's guide in the United States and British North American provinces. By Thomas Spence. http://www.loc.gov/resource/ lhbtn.04108 Library of Congress With the view of thus aiding the settler in his search after “a location” suited to his desires, and adapted to yield the largest amount of comfort to his rising family, this volume has been prepared. Many persons in search of homes, whether for agricultural or manufacturing purposes, often spend large amounts of money to trace out or find a place suited to their wishes and wants. This can be in a great measure dispensed with by consulting “THE SETTLER'S GUIDE,” as the soil, climate, minerals, and productions, whether grain or manufactured articles, of each State, will there be found grouped out in condensed but correct form; also the State governments, school privileges, religious denominations, with the exemption laws and other State laws bearing upon the condition of the settlers. With the earnest desire and hope that this volume may meet the end designed, “THE SETTLER'S GUIDE” is given, with its imperfections or benefits, as the case may be, to the eyes of a discerning public. THE AUTHOR. April 8 th , 1862. TABLE OF CONTENTS. UNITED STATES. PAGE Introductory Chapter 7 Maine 16 New Hampshire 25 Vermont 31 Massachusetts 34 The settler's guide in the United States and British North American provinces. By Thomas Spence. http://www.loc.gov/resource/ lhbtn.04108 Library of Congress Connecticut 57 Rhode Island 63 New York 65 New Jersey 97 Pennsylvania 103 Delaware 118 Ohio 121 Indiana 130 Michigan 139 Wisconsin 153 Illinois 176 Missouri 191 Iowa 198 Minnesota 204 Territory of New Mexico 227 Indian Territory 233 Kansas 237 The settler's guide in the United States and British North American provinces. By Thomas Spence. http://www.loc.gov/resource/ lhbtn.04108 Library of Congress Nebraska Territory 240 Colorado Territory 244 Utah Territory 249 Oregon 271 Washington Territory 277 California 281 Texas 299 Louisiana 311 Arkansas 324 Mississippi 329 Alabama 837 Florida 346 South Carolina 354 Georgia 371 North Carolina 383 Virginia 390 Tennessee 409 The settler's guide in the United States and British North American provinces. By Thomas Spence. http://www.loc.gov/resource/ lhbtn.04108 Library of Congress Kentucky 417 Maryland 427 District of Columbia 440 BRITISH NORTH AMERICA. British Columbia and Vancouver's Island 445 Upper Canada 450 Lower Canada 457 New Brunswick 461 Nova Scotia 466 Prince Edward's Island and Newfoundland 469 THE SETTLER'S GUIDE. INTRODUCTORY CHAPTER, COMPRISING SOME OF THE EVENTS AND INCIDENTS IN THE HISTORY OF THE EARLY SETTLEMENTS OF THE UNITED STATES, WITH THE NAMES OF THE SEVERAL PRESIDENTS, AND THEIR TERM OF OFFICE, FROM WASHINGTON DOWN TO THAT OF PRESIDENT LINCOLN. The first English settlement in this country was made on the banks of the James River, in Virginia, in the year 1606, and that during the reign of James the First, king of Great Britain. The next settlement was made on Manhattan Island (the present site of the city of New York), by the Dutch, or emigrants from Holland. This occurred in 1615, the place being called New Amsterdam (now New York). This colony was governed by their own The settler's guide in the United States and British North American provinces. By Thomas Spence. http://www.loc.gov/resource/ lhbtn.04108 Library of Congress laws and customs until 1664, when it was taken possession of 8 by the English, and called York, or New York, in honor of the Duke of York. New England was first settled in 1620, by the Puritans, or dissenters from the Church of England. These men being forced to fly from the intolerant persecutions of prelacy in the north of England, sought an asylum from religious bigotry and persecution among the rugged cliffs and pine-clad hills of the then New England. What was it that they sought, this noble, holy, pilgrim band? The wealth of seas, the spoils of war, on Plymouth's rock-bound strand? Nay, nay; a nobler, holier purpose marks their record on the page of time— They sought for freedom to worship God! a faith's pure and holy shrine. Mr. Robinson and his church took up their abode first at Amsterdam, in Holland, in 1607. They afterward removed to Leyden, and from thence came to America, landing at Plymouth on the 20th of September, 1620. Previous to their landing, they formed written articles of agreement, or what might be termed a constitution, whereby they were to be governed. They suffered much from hardships and the inclement climate, and in five months their numbers were reduced by death about one half, the number first landing being one hundred and one. At their first outset they had all things in common—a community of interest—and a common magazine. This community of goods and possessions, however, only continued for three years, for in 1623 the colony were threatened with a famine, and in danger of perishing with hunger. A portion of land was then assigned to each family, and every single person was placed in it, they being under this new arrangement left to provide their own food each for his own magazine or storehouse—a rule, by the way, which works well even at the present day, and considerably diminishes the number of drone bees around the hives of the industrious. The settler's guide in the United States and British North American provinces. By Thomas Spence. http://www.loc.gov/resource/ lhbtn.04108 Library of Congress 9 The first administration of law in this new colony was by magistrates, governed by temporary regulations or discretionary powers and decisions. Aiming to found all their laws on the Word of God, in Massachusetts the discretionary power was thought to be unsafe, and in March, 1638, a committee was appointed to devise a body of fundamental laws. In 1639 this code was published, and in 1649 the general court enacted laws for the better government of the colony. This new code was entitled “The Body of Liberties.” These laws were afterward copied and used in Connecticut. Some of the Levitical laws were incorporated or adopted into this code, among which were blasphemy, the denial of a God, adultery, stubborn disobedience of children, and witchcraft; these were all punishable with death. In 1639 deputies were chosen and a legislative assembly organized, in which the governor and six assistants occupied seats with the deputies. The governor and his assistants formed the supreme or highest court, and from the decisions of this court there was no other court of appeal to decide causes of action or complaints.
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