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Chec List Floristic Survey and Species Richness of Aquatic Macrophytes In Check List 10(6): 1324–1330, 2014 © 2014 Check List and Authors Chec List ISSN 1809-127X (available at www.biotaxa.org/cl) Journal of species lists and distribution PECIES S macrophytes in water sup ly reservoirs OF Floristic survey and species richness of aquatic 1 1 2 ISTS Suelen Cristina Alves-da-Silva *, Cleusa Bona , Maria Cecília de Chiara Moço and Armando Carlos L Cervi 1 p 1 Universidade Federal do Paraná, Departamento de Botânica, Centro Politécnico, Av. Coronel Francisco Heráclito dos Santos, 210, Jardim das PortoAméricas. Alegre, 81531-970 RS, Brazil. Curitiba, PR, Brazil. *2 CorrespondingUniversidade Federal author. do E-mail: Rio Grande [email protected] do Sul, Departamento de Botânica. Campus do Vale, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, Agronomia, 91509-900, Abstract: The present study aimed a floristic survey of aquatic macrophytes in four water supply reservoirs (Iraí, Passaúna, Piraquara I and II) of the Iguaçu River basin, Paraná, Brazil. Sampling and herborization of biological material followed methods described in literature. The species were classified by life forms. We found 90 species in 57 genera and 36 families, were 52.7% are monospecific. The richest reservoir was Passaúna (40 spp.), followed by Iraí, Piraquara I and SincePiraquara aquatic II (36 macrophytes spp. each). structureCyperaceae and was contribute the most to representative environment biodiversity,with 17 spp., the followed present by study Asteraceae, can assist Onagraceae management and andPolygonaceae implementation (7 spp. of each). biodiversity Amphibious conservation and emergent efforts. life forms were equally express throughout species (41% each). DOI: 10.15560/10.6.1324 Introduction composition and biological forms in four water supply Reservoirs are derived from rivers damming for reservoirs of the Iguaçu river basin, Paraná, Brazil; and industrial or public supply as well as power generation 2) discuss conservation (native species) or management (opportunistic species) of aquatic macrophyte in these environments. locateduse. For at public the Iguaçu supply River purposes, basin. Thesethe State reservoirs of Paraná differ have as five reservoirs (Alagados Passaúna, Iraí, Piraquara I and II) Materials and Methods in reservoirs water provides an increased proliferation The study was conducted in four urban reservoirs ofto theirmostly trophic aquatic level (IAPmacrophytes 2009). The weeds increase species. of nutrients The managed by the environmental sanitation company of intense growing of such species can reduce the diversity of macrophytes and/or associated organisms, beyond inferring water multiple uses (e.g., navigation, public Paraná State (SANEPAR): Iraí (25°23′55.85″ S, 49°05′ supply and energy generation) (Pompêo et al 57.18″W), Passaúna (25°30′01.35″ S, 49°22’20.20″ W), However, in great conditions, aquatic macrophytes reservoirsPiraquara II provide(25°29′49.01″ public S, water49°03’55.95″ supply W), for and the Piraquara city of promote a central structuring role in aquatic. ecosystems,2005). CuritibaI (25°29′08.86″ and its metropolitan S, 49°00’35.66″ region W) in the(Figure State 1).of Paraná,These promoting complex habitat that determines the abundance south of Brazil. Considering the trophic level, the reservoirs can be ranked as: Piraquara I (Mesotrophic/Oligotrophic), ofand aquatic biodiversity macrophytes of aquatic contribute flora and to biodiversity fauna (Thomaz patterns and Bini 2003). In this context, studies of floristic composition Passaúna (Mesotrophic), Piraquara II (Mesotrophic) and Iraí (Eutrophic) (IAP 2009). containedand knowledge in species processes lists assist (Thomaz monitoring and managementBini 2003; macrophytesThe floristic were survey collected includes by boat collections inspections made along in Pompêo and Moschini-Carlos 2003). The basic information 2007, 2009, 2011 and 2012 in four seasons. The aquatic were made aiming to detect species presence along the (Maltchik(Thomaz andet al Bini 1998, 2003; Pompêo 1999; Thomaz reservoirs.all the reservoirs The plants extent. were Furthermore collected using visual the inspections methods 2002) and may direct environmental classification . 2007). supplyThe reservoirsstudies of floristic(Cervi etsurveys al of aquatic macrophyteset al in Pedralli (1990), photographed in their natural in the Paraná State focuses on rivers,et al floodplain or energyet al. Municipalhabitat, collected Botanical for Museum identification (MBM) and and deposited the Herbarium in the et al . 1983; Souza . 1997; Herbarium of the Federal University of Paraná (UPCB), aquaticThomaz macrophytesand Bini 2003; is onlyThomaz cited for. 2004;one water Milne supply 2005; Cervi . 2009). However floristic survey of wellof the as Pontifical comparison Catholic with University the MBM herbariumof Paraná (HUCP). specimens For aimed to: 1) present aquatic macrophytes species richness, species identification, pertinent literature was studied, as reservoir (Rocha and Martins 2011). Thus, this study previously determined by experts. The classification 1324 Alves-da-Silva et al. | Aquatic macrophytes in water supply reservoirs Among the families, the number of Cyperaceae species et al. stood out considerably. The predominance of Cyperaceae followed the APG III (2009) for angiosperms; Buck et al correctand Goffinet nomenclature (2000) andfor quotation,bryophyte andand nativeSmith species Cervi et al et al (2006) for nonflowering vascularet al plants. For authors was also observed by Moura-Junior . (2013—70 spp.), were considered according to Irgang et al. attributed .to (2009—22 its perennial spp.), nature and and Pivari tolerance . (2011—10 to drought identification was used Forzza . (2012). Life forms periodsspp.). The (Bove significant et al presence of Cyperaceae species is (1984) and family were present in all four seasons analyzed as well Pedralli (1990): 1) RS, rooted submerged; 2) FS, free as Poaceae species.. 2003).However Indeed the representativesrhizomes forming of thisthe submerged; 3) RF, rooted floating; 4) FF, free floating; 5) ResultsEM, emergent; 6) AM, amphibious; and 7) EP, epiphytes. 660000 670000 680000 690000 700000 Almirante Tamandaré Colombo The floristic survey resulted in 90 species, is57 endemic genera Campo Cuphea glutinosa Magro Quatro Barras and 36 families of aquatic macrophytes (Table 1) which to the south and southeast of the country. Ludwigia hookeri 7090000 Pinhais is52.7% endemic are monospecific.only for the State Only of Paraná. The species Centella Campo Largo asiatica, Drymaria cordata, Nympheae caerulea and Rumex CURITIBA Piraquara 7180000 obtusifolius are not native but naturalized in Brazil. All Morretes Cyperaceae except for Carex brasiliensis and Cyperus Araucária São José dos Pinhais consanguineus Juncus micranthus 7170000 Iguaçu River basin Fazenda Rio Grande and J. microcephalus) are found in the Atlantic forest, but 660000 670000 680000 690000 700000 without citation as for well the asState Juncaceae of Paraná. ( All other species et al The opportunist specie Eichhornia crassipes was reported Passaúna reservoir Iraí reservoir onlyare native at Iraí andreservoir; not endemic the most to trophicBrazil (Forzza of all, while Salvinia. 2012). auriculata reservoirs. was reported at Passaúna and Piraquara II Emergent and amphibious were the most representative Piraquara I reservoir life forms in all reservoirs. Respectively they represented Piraquara II reservoir 2000 m 45% and 42.5% at Passaúna; 47.2% and 36.1% at Iraí; Figure 1. 38.8%The andmost 36,1% representative at Piraquara family I and; for 52.7% all reservoirs and 25% was at Geographic locality of the four water supply reservoirs studied. CyperaceaePiraquara II (17 (Figure spp.) 2). followed by Asteraceae, Polygonaceae and Onagraceae (7 spp. each). The genera Ludwigia was the most representative (7 spp.) followed by Polygonum (6 spp.) (Table 1). Passaúna reservoirPycreus had the decumbens greater forrichness its considerably with 20 families, presence 30 genera along andthe 40reservoir species (visual (Table 2). Cyperaceae had 8 spp.; highlighting inspection); followed by Poaceae and Asteraceae (4 spp. each). The Iraí reservoir presented 18 families, 22 genera spp.).and 36 However, species (TableAlternanthera 2). Onagraceae philoxeroides was the propagated richest (7 intenselyspp.) followed over bythe Polygonaceae reservoir. The (4 Piraquaraspp.) and PoaceaeI reservoir (4 spp.).presented The most20 families, representative 28 genera species and 36for speciesthis reservoir (Table was2). Cyperaceae Salvinia minima had 6and spp., Cyperus followed luzulae by . PolygonaceaeThe Piraquara (5 II sppreservoir (Table presented 2). 22 families, 26 genera and 36 species. Cyperaceae was the most representative with a total of 8 Discussion The great number of families, genera and species in reservoirs has indicated the considerable biological diversity of these environments (Thomaz et al. Figure 2. Species life form related to species richness and participation often is notice the presence of aquatic macrophyte 1997, weeds 1999; Rocha and Martins 2011). Therefore among the species due to the fact that reservoirs are considered stepping- emergent;in richness AM,of the amphibious. four reservoirs. Life forms: RS, rooted submerged; RF, stones for invasion species (Havel et al Piraquararooted floating; I; PRII FS, - Piraquara free submerged; II. FF, free floating; EP, epiphyte; EM, Reservoirs: PS - Passaúna; IR - Iraí; PRI - . 2014). 1325 Alves-da-Silva et al. | Aquatic macrophytes in water supply reservoirs
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