Ministero Delle Politiche Agricole Alimentari E Forestali

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Ministero Delle Politiche Agricole Alimentari E Forestali Ministero delle politiche agricole alimentari e forestali PIANO DEL SETTORE CASTANICOLO 2 0 1 0 / 2 0 1 3 3 . ELABORAT O DEI GRUPPI DI LAVORO 1 INDICE INTRODUZIONE .................................................................................................. 7 1 DIFFUSIONE ED EVOLUZIONE DEL CASTAGNO IN ITALIA .................................. 7 1.1 Diffusione ed evoluzione della specie Castanea sativa Miller .................................... 7 2 BREVE STORIA DEL CASTAGNO IN ITALIA ............................................................ 8 3 IL CASTAGNO NEL CONTESTO EUROPEO .............................................................. 10 4 DIFFUSIONE DEI SOPRASSUOLI DI CASTAGNO IN ITALIA ................................ 11 5 AUTOECOLOGIA DELLA SPECIE ............................................................................... 14 6 TIPOLOGIA DELLE FORMAZIONI FORESTALI A PARTECIPAZIONE DI CASTAGNO ..................................................................................................................... 15 6.1 Caratteristiche e aspetti funzionali dei castagneti da frutto ........................................ 17 6.2 Caratteristiche e aspetti funzionali dei boschi di castagno da legno .......................... 18 BIBLIOGRAFIA .................................................................................................................. 22 I GRUPPO - POLITICHE DI SETTORE ........................................................... 25 COMPONENTI ................................................................................................................ 26 1 PREMESSA ...................................................................................................................... 27 2 PRODUZIONE E COMMERCIO MONDIALE DI CASTAGNE .................................. 27 1.1 La produzione mondiale ............................................................................................. 27 1.2 Il commercio internazionale ....................................................................................... 28 1.2.1 Il commercio internazionale dell‟Italia ............................................................... 29 1.2.2 Le performances dell‟Italia sui principali mercati esteri .................................... 30 2 LA FILIERA CASTANICOLA ITALIANA .................................................................... 34 2.1 La produzione ............................................................................................................. 34 2.1.1 I prodotti tradizionali e di qualità ........................................................................ 36 2.2 I rapporti tra gli operatori della filiera ........................................................................ 37 2.3 Trasformazione e commercializzazione ..................................................................... 37 2.4 Le esportazioni delle regioni italiane ......................................................................... 38 3 LE POLITICHE PUBBLICHE PER LA CASTANICOLTURA ..................................... 39 3.1 La castanicoltura da frutto nelle politiche europee dei mercati e di sostegno al reddito del i pilastro della pac ................................................................................................ 39 3.2 La castanicoltura nei programmi di sviluppo rurale 2007-2013 ................................ 40 3.3 La politica europea post 2007-2013 ........................................................................... 40 4 PUNTI DI FORZA E DI DEBOLEZZA, MINACCE ED OPPORTUNITÀ ................... 41 5 OBIETTIVI E STRATEGIA DEL PIANO DI SETTORE ............................................... 45 5.1 L‟approccio integrato ................................................................................................. 45 5.2 La programmazione dell‟approccio integrato di filiera .............................................. 46 5.3 Principali fasi di adozione dell'approccio integrato e partecipato previsto dal piano del settore ................................................................................................................... 47 6 OBIETTIVI GENERALI, STRATEGICI, AZIONI CHIAVE ......................................... 49 6.1 Obiettivo generale ...................................................................................................... 49 6.2 Obiettivi strategici e azioni chiave ............................................................................. 49 BIBLIOGRAFIA .................................................................................................................. 52 II GRUPPO - MARKETING TERRITORIALE - MULTIFUNZIONALITÀ . 54 COMPONENTI ................................................................................................................ 55 2 1 PREMESSA ...................................................................................................................... 56 2 BREVE STORIA DEL CASTAGNO IN ITALIA ........................................................... 56 3 LA MULTIFUNZIONALITA‟ DEL CASTAGNO ....................................................... 57 Funzioni che svolge o può svolgere il castagno ............................................................... 58 4 VALORIZZAZIONE DEI TERRITORI E DEI PRODOTTI DEL CASTAGNO ........... 58 4.1 Valorizzazione territoriale .......................................................................................... 58 4.2 Valorizzazione dei frutti e dei prodotti derivati ....................................................... 59 4.2.1 Castagne e marroni: alimenti completi ................................................................ 59 4.2.2 I marchi di tutela europei .................................................................................... 60 4.2.3 Un marchio identificativo del Made in Italy ...................................................... 61 4.3 Valorizzazione delle selve castanili ........................................................................... 61 5 Il MARKETING TERRITORIALE .................................................................................. 62 5.1 Aspetti da considerare nella progettazione del marketing territoriale ...................... 62 5.1.1 Punti di forza ....................................................................................................... 62 5.1.2 Punti di debolezza ............................................................................................... 62 5.1.3 Opportunità .......................................................................................................... 63 5.1.4 Minacce ............................................................................................................... 63 5.2 Azioni da attuare ........................................................................................................ 63 6 SINTESI DELLE AZIONI A LIVELLO NAZIONALE E LOCALE ............................. 64 BIBLIOGRAFIA .................................................................................................................. 66 III GRUPPO - TECNICHE DI PRODUZIONE E RICERCA ........................... 68 III.1 SOTTOGRUPPO TECNICHE COLTURALI, MIGLIORAMENTO GENETICO E SCELTE VARIETALI ............................................................... 68 COMPONENTI ................................................................................................................ 69 1 PREMESSA ...................................................................................................................... 70 1.1 Principali specie coltivate ........................................................................................... 70 1.1.1 Castanea sativa Miller, Castagno europeo ......................................................... 70 1.1.2 Castanea crenata Sieb. et Zucc., Castagno giapponese ...................................... 70 1.1.3 Castanea mollissima Blume, Castagno cinese .................................................... 71 1.2 Scopo del lavoro ......................................................................................................... 71 2 PROPAGAZIONE E VIVAISMO .................................................................................... 71 2.1 Interventi prioritari realizzatabili nel breve – medio periodo: ................................... 73 3 CASTAGNETO DA FRUTTO TRADIZIONALE: RECUPERO, RINNOVO E INNOVAZIONI COLTURALI ........................................................................................ 73 3.1 Interventi prioritari realizzabili a breve termine: ....................................................... 74 4 SCELTE DI IMPIANTO E TECNICHE COLTURALI................................................... 74 4.1 Scelta varietale ........................................................................................................... 74 4.1.1 Interventi prioritari realizzabili a breve termine: ................................................ 79 4.1.2 Interventi prioritari realizzabili a medio-lungo termine: ..................................... 79 4.2 Impianto, forma d‟allevamento e potatura ................................................................. 79 4.2.1 Interventi prioritari realizzabili a medio-lungo termine: ..................................... 80 4.3 Gestione del suolo ...................................................................................................... 80 4.3.1 Interventi prioritari realizzabili a breve-medio termine: ..................................... 81 4.4 Relazioni pianta-suolo, fabbisogni
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